Comment 14 for bug 444349

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Radek Krahl (informatyka) wrote : Re: package mysql-server-5.1 5.1.37-1ubuntu4 failed to install/upgrade: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1

Try to add 'user=mysql' in [mysqld] section of /etc/mysql/my.cnf before doing 'apt-get install mysql-server'.

It worked for me. My problem was mysqld creating log files (/var/lib/mysql/[hostname]-bin.[number]) for innodb tables owned by root during the installation/upgrade. When started normally as mysql, mysqld didn't have permission to read/write these files. It looks like package installation script starts mysqld as root at first, and then as mysql.