diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ar.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ar.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ar.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ar.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Arabic translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-09 10:37+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Arabic \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ast.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ast.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ast.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ast.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Asturian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-22 20:42+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Asturian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Tocante a Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ca.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ca.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ca.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ca.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Catalan translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-19 09:13+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Catalan \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Quant al Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/cs.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/cs.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/cs.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/cs.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Czech translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-12 17:45+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Adrian Guniš \n" +"Language-Team: Czech \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "O Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/da.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/da.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/da.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/da.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Danish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-25 00:05+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Danish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Om Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/de.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/de.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/de.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/de.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# German translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-06 18:26+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Tscheesy \n" +"Language-Team: German \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Über Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/el.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/el.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/el.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/el.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Greek translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-27 06:51+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Epirotes \n" +"Language-Team: Greek \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Περί Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/en_AU.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/en_AU.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/en_AU.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/en_AU.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (Australia) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-15 11:30+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Robert Readman \n" +"Language-Team: English (Australia) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "About Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/en_GB.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/en_GB.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/en_GB.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/en_GB.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (United Kingdom) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-31 11:01+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Alex Denvir \n" +"Language-Team: English (United Kingdom) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "About Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/es.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/es.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/es.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/es.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Spanish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 17:31+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Paco Molinero \n" +"Language-Team: Spanish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Acerca de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/et.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/et.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/et.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/et.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Estonian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-26 18:42+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Marmo Luik \n" +"Language-Team: Estonian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Teave Kubuntu kohta" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/eu.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/eu.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/eu.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/eu.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Basque translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-15 15:32+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Basque \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/fa.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/fa.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/fa.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/fa.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Persian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-09 20:48+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Persian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/fi.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/fi.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/fi.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/fi.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Finnish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 07:22+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Timo Jyrinki \n" +"Language-Team: Finnish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Tietoja Kubuntusta" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/fr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/fr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/fr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/fr.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# French translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 19:22+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Pierre Slamich \n" +"Language-Team: French \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "À propos de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/gl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/gl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/gl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/gl.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Galician translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 19:24+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Miguel Anxo Bouzada \n" +"Language-Team: Galician \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Acerca de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/gu.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/gu.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/gu.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/gu.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Gujarati translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-04 07:09+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Gujarati \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Kubuntu વિશે" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/hu.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/hu.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/hu.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/hu.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Hungarian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 19:06+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Gabor Kelemen \n" +"Language-Team: Hungarian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "A Kubunturól" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/is.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/is.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/is.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/is.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Icelandic translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-13 18:23+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Sveinn í Felli \n" +"Language-Team: Icelandic \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Um Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/it.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/it.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/it.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/it.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Italian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-02 16:55+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Valter Mura \n" +"Language-Team: Italian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Informazioni su Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ja.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ja.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ja.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ja.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Japanese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-27 08:57+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Hiroshi Tagawa \n" +"Language-Team: Japanese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Kubuntu について" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/km.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/km.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/km.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/km.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Khmer translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-07-13 09:25+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Khmer \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "អំពី​គូប៊ុនទូ" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/kubuntu-docs-about-desktop.pot kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/kubuntu-docs-about-desktop.pot --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/kubuntu-docs-about-desktop.pot 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/kubuntu-docs-about-desktop.pot 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +#, fuzzy +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/lb.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/lb.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/lb.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/lb.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Luxembourgish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-16 20:02+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Pit Wenkin \n" +"Language-Team: Luxembourgish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Iwwer Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/lt.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/lt.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/lt.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/lt.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Lithuanian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-28 15:57+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Vytautas Bačiulis \n" +"Language-Team: Lithuanian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Apie Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/lv.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/lv.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/lv.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/lv.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Latvian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-28 20:45+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Latvian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/mai.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/mai.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/mai.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/mai.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Maithili translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-07 04:30+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Maithili \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ms.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ms.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ms.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ms.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Malay translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-31 08:01+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Muhammad Fauzilkamil Zainuddin \n" +"Language-Team: Malay \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Perihal Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/nb.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/nb.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/nb.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/nb.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Norwegian Bokmal translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-13 09:26+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Westgaard \n" +"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmal \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Om Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/nl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/nl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/nl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/nl.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Dutch translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-03 15:05+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Redmar \n" +"Language-Team: Dutch \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Over Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/nn.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/nn.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/nn.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/nn.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Norwegian Nynorsk translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-30 07:28+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Norwegian Nynorsk \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/oc.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/oc.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/oc.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/oc.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Occitan (post 1500) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-08 13:29+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Cédric VALMARY (Tot en òc) \n" +"Language-Team: Occitan (post 1500) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "A prepaus de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/pt_BR.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/pt_BR.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/pt_BR.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/pt_BR.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Brazilian Portuguese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-31 21:51+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: André Gondim \n" +"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Sobre o Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/pt.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/pt.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/pt.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/pt.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Portuguese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-03 21:19+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Portuguese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ru.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ru.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ru.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ru.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Russian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-30 14:52+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Yuri Efremov \n" +"Language-Team: Russian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "О Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sc.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sc.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sc.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sc.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Sardinian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-30 21:47+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: jackoontour \n" +"Language-Team: Sardinian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Informatzioni de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sk.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sk.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sk.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sk.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Slovak translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-07-29 10:00+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Slovak \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "O Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sl.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Slovenian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-01 07:38+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Slovenian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "O Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sq.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sq.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sq.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sq.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Albanian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 13:26+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Vilson Gjeci \n" +"Language-Team: Albanian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Rreth Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sr.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Serbian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-26 05:45+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Мирослав Николић \n" +"Language-Team: Serbian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "О Кубунтуу" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sv.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sv.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/sv.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/sv.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Swedish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 18:12+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Daniel Nylander \n" +"Language-Team: Swedish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Om Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ta.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ta.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ta.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ta.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Tamil translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-26 12:50+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: ijeyanthan \n" +"Language-Team: Tamil \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "குபுண்டு பற்றி" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/tr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/tr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/tr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/tr.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Turkish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 07:00+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Cihan Ersoy \n" +"Language-Team: Turkish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Kubuntu Hakkında" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ug.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ug.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/ug.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/ug.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Uyghur translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-24 09:20+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Sahran \n" +"Language-Team: Uyghur \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Kubuntu ھەققىدە" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/uk.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/uk.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/uk.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/uk.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Ukrainian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-02 17:58+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Viktor Mosijchuk (Merik) \n" +"Language-Team: Ukrainian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Про Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/vi.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/vi.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/vi.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/vi.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Vietnamese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-07-24 03:17+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Vietnamese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "Giới thiệu về Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/zh_CN.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/zh_CN.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/zh_CN.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/zh_CN.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Chinese (Simplified) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-30 11:02+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Jimhu \n" +"Language-Team: Chinese (Simplified) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "关于 Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/zh_TW.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/zh_TW.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/about/po/zh_TW.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/about/po/zh_TW.po 2010-10-14 12:05:51.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Chinese (Traditional) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:02-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-12 14:20+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Cheng-Chia Tseng \n" +"Language-Team: Chinese (Traditional) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../about.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "About Kubuntu" +msgstr "關於 Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ca.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ca.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ca.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ca.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Catalan translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-19 09:14+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Catalan \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/cs.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/cs.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/cs.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/cs.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Czech translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-15 15:25+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Adrian Guniš \n" +"Language-Team: Czech \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Dokumentace Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/da.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/da.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/da.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/da.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Danish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-15 21:00+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Danish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu-dokumentation" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/de.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/de.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/de.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/de.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# German translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-15 10:53+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Moritz Baumann \n" +"Language-Team: German \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu-Dokumentation" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/el.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/el.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/el.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/el.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Greek translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-21 10:35+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Thomas Dislis \n" +"Language-Team: Greek \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Τεκμηρίωση Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/en_AU.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/en_AU.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/en_AU.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/en_AU.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (Australia) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-01 07:01+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: English (Australia) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu Documentation" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/en_GB.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/en_GB.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/en_GB.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/en_GB.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (United Kingdom) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 11:21+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Robert Readman \n" +"Language-Team: English (United Kingdom) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu Documentation" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/eo.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/eo.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/eo.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/eo.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Esperanto translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-15 13:08+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Esperanto \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/es.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/es.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/es.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/es.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Spanish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 17:07+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Paco Molinero \n" +"Language-Team: Spanish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Documentación de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/et.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/et.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/et.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/et.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Estonian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-17 09:05+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Heiki Nooremäe \n" +"Language-Team: Estonian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu dokumentatsioon" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/fi.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/fi.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/fi.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/fi.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Finnish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 07:22+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Timo Jyrinki \n" +"Language-Team: Finnish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntun ohjeet" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/fr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/fr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/fr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/fr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# French translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 19:22+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Pierre Slamich \n" +"Language-Team: French \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Documentation de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/gl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/gl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/gl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/gl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Galician translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-31 15:39+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Miguel Anxo Bouzada \n" +"Language-Team: Galician \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Documentación de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/hu.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/hu.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/hu.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/hu.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Hungarian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 09:46+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Gabor Kelemen \n" +"Language-Team: Hungarian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu dokumentáció" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/is.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/is.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/is.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/is.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Icelandic translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-13 18:23+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Sveinn í Felli \n" +"Language-Team: Icelandic \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Hjálparskjöl Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/it.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/it.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/it.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/it.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Italian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-03 23:48+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Valter Mura \n" +"Language-Team: Italian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Documentazione di Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ja.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ja.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ja.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ja.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Japanese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-27 08:58+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Hiroshi Tagawa \n" +"Language-Team: Japanese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu ドキュメント" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/km.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/km.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/km.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/km.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Khmer translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-07-13 09:30+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Khmer \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "ឯកសារ​គូប៊ុនទូ" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/lb.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/lb.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/lb.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/lb.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Luxembourgish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-16 20:02+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Pit Wenkin \n" +"Language-Team: Luxembourgish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu Dokumentatioun" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/lt.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/lt.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/lt.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/lt.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Lithuanian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-29 15:08+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Vytautas Bačiulis \n" +"Language-Team: Lithuanian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu dokumentacija" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/lv.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/lv.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/lv.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/lv.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Latvian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-28 20:46+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Latvian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/nl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/nl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/nl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/nl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Dutch translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-03 15:09+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Redmar \n" +"Language-Team: Dutch \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu-documentatie" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/oc.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/oc.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/oc.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/oc.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Occitan (post 1500) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-08 14:04+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Cédric VALMARY (Tot en òc) \n" +"Language-Team: Occitan (post 1500) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Documentacion de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/pl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/pl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/pl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/pl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Polish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-17 13:24+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Polish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/pt_BR.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/pt_BR.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/pt_BR.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/pt_BR.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Brazilian Portuguese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 11:07+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Tiago Hillebrandt \n" +"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Documentação do Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ru.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ru.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ru.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ru.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Russian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-30 17:58+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Yuri Efremov \n" +"Language-Team: Russian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Документация Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sk.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sk.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sk.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sk.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Slovak translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-03 15:31+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Slovak \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Dokumentácia Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Slovenian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-07 17:33+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Slovenian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Dokumentacija Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sq.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sq.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sq.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sq.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Albanian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 13:27+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Vilson Gjeci \n" +"Language-Team: Albanian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Dokumentimi i Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Serbian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-26 05:46+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Мирослав Николић \n" +"Language-Team: Serbian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Кубунту документација" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sv.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sv.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/sv.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/sv.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Swedish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 20:36+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Daniel Nylander \n" +"Language-Team: Swedish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Dokumentation för Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/tr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/tr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/tr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/tr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Turkish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-03 09:07+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Emrah Ergin \n" +"Language-Team: Turkish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu Belgelendirme" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ug.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ug.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/ug.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/ug.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Uyghur translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-24 09:14+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Sahran \n" +"Language-Team: Uyghur \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Kubuntu پۈتۈك" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/uk.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/uk.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/directory/po/uk.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/directory/po/uk.po 2010-10-14 12:06:30.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Ukrainian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-30 09:14+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Yuri Chornoivan \n" +"Language-Team: Ukrainian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../directory.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu Documentation" +msgstr "Документація з Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ca.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ca.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ca.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ca.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Catalan translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-07-04 18:38+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Catalan \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Índex de la documentació del sistema del Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/cs.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/cs.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/cs.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/cs.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Czech translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-28 19:24+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Czech \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Rejstřík systémové dokumentace Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/da.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/da.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/da.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/da.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Danish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-15 21:36+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Danish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntus systemdokumentationsindeks" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/de.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/de.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/de.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/de.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# German translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-15 11:02+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Moritz Baumann \n" +"Language-Team: German \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Verzeichnis der Systemdokumentation von Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_AU.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_AU.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_AU.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_AU.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (Australia) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-01 07:00+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: English (Australia) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_GB.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_GB.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_GB.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/en_GB.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (United Kingdom) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 11:21+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Robert Readman \n" +"Language-Team: English (United Kingdom) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/es.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/es.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/es.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/es.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Spanish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 17:07+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Paco Molinero \n" +"Language-Team: Spanish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Índice de la documentación del sistema Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/et.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/et.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/et.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/et.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Estonian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-29 16:30+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Marmo Luik \n" +"Language-Team: Estonian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu süsteemidokumentatsiooni indeks" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fi.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fi.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fi.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fi.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Finnish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 07:22+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Timo Jyrinki \n" +"Language-Team: Finnish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntun järjestelmäohjeiden hakemisto" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/fr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# French translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 19:33+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Pierre Slamich \n" +"Language-Team: French \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Index de la Documentation Système de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/gl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/gl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/gl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/gl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Galician translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-31 15:40+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Miguel Anxo Bouzada \n" +"Language-Team: Galician \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Índice do Sistema de documentación de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/he.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/he.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/he.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/he.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Hebrew translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-08-03 11:21+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Hebrew \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "מפתח תיעוד המערכת של קובונטו" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/hu.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/hu.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/hu.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/hu.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Hungarian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 09:45+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Gabor Kelemen \n" +"Language-Team: Hungarian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu rendszerdokumentációk indexe" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/is.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/is.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/is.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/is.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Icelandic translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-13 18:22+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Sveinn í Felli \n" +"Language-Team: Icelandic \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu kerfisskjölunarvísir" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/it.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/it.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/it.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/it.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Italian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-07 17:16+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Valter Mura \n" +"Language-Team: Italian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Indice documentazione del sistema Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ja.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ja.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ja.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ja.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Japanese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-07-06 14:17+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Hiroshi Tagawa \n" +"Language-Team: Japanese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu システムドキュメントの目次" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/km.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/km.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/km.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/km.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Khmer translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-07-13 09:32+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Khmer \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "លិបិក្រម​ឯកសារ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​គូប៊ុនទូ" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lb.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lb.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lb.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lb.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Luxembourgish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-27 20:34+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Pit Wenkin \n" +"Language-Team: Luxembourgish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu System Dokumentatiouns-Index" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lt.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lt.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lt.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/lt.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Lithuanian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-29 15:09+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Vytautas Bačiulis \n" +"Language-Team: Lithuanian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu sistemos dokumentacijos rodyklė" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/nl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/nl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/nl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/nl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Dutch translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-03 15:12+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Redmar \n" +"Language-Team: Dutch \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu systeemdocumentatie-index" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/oc.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/oc.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/oc.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/oc.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Occitan (post 1500) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-08 14:29+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Cédric VALMARY (Tot en òc) \n" +"Language-Team: Occitan (post 1500) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Indèx de la documentacion del sistèma de Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/pt_BR.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/pt_BR.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/pt_BR.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/pt_BR.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Brazilian Portuguese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-04 05:23+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: André Gondim \n" +"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Índice de documentação do sistema Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ru.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ru.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ru.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ru.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Russian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-30 17:59+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Yuri Efremov \n" +"Language-Team: Russian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Перечень системной документации Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sk.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sk.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sk.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sk.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Slovak translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-03 15:31+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Slovak \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Index systémovej dokumentácie Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Slovenian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-07 17:32+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Slovenian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kazalo sistemske dokumentacije Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sq.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sq.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sq.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sq.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Albanian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 13:28+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Vilson Gjeci \n" +"Language-Team: Albanian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Treguesi i Dokumentimit për Sistemin e Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Serbian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-26 05:51+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Мирослав Николић \n" +"Language-Team: Serbian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Индекс документације система Кубунтуа" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sv.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sv.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sv.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/sv.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Swedish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-29 20:36+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Daniel Nylander \n" +"Language-Team: Swedish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntus systemdokumentation" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/tr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/tr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/tr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/tr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Turkish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-04-01 07:06+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Cihan Ersoy \n" +"Language-Team: Turkish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu Sistem Belgeleri Göstergesi" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ug.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ug.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ug.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/ug.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Uyghur translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-24 09:11+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Sahran \n" +"Language-Team: Uyghur \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu سىستېما پۈتۈك ئىندېكىسى" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/uk.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/uk.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/uk.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/uk.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Ukrainian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-30 09:42+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Yuri Chornoivan \n" +"Language-Team: Ukrainian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Покажчик документації системи Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/zh_CN.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/zh_CN.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/kubuntu-docs/po/zh_CN.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/kubuntu-docs/po/zh_CN.po 2010-10-14 12:06:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Chinese (Simplified) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 19:03-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-10 17:42+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Chinese (Simplified) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:17+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../kubuntu-docs.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Kubuntu System Documentation Index" +msgstr "Kubuntu 系统文档索引" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ast.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ast.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ast.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ast.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Asturian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-26 00:50+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Asturian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Bienveníu a Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/cs.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/cs.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/cs.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/cs.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Czech translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-28 19:26+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Czech \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Vítejte v Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/da.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/da.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/da.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/da.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Danish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-15 20:58+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Danish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Velkommen til Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/de.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/de.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/de.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/de.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# German translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-13 17:57+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: German \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Willkommen bei Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/en_AU.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/en_AU.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/en_AU.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/en_AU.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (Australia) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-01 08:58+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: English (Australia) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Welcome to Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/en_GB.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/en_GB.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/en_GB.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/en_GB.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# English (United Kingdom) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 08:01+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: English (United Kingdom) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Welcome to Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/es.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/es.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/es.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/es.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Spanish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-11 16:21+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Spanish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Bienvenido/a a Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/fi.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/fi.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/fi.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/fi.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Finnish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-14 06:46+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Finnish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Tervetuloa käyttämään Kubuntua" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/fr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/fr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/fr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/fr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# French translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 06:48+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: French \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Bienvenue sur Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/gl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/gl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/gl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/gl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Galician translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-19 22:15+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Galician \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Reciba a benvida a Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/hr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/hr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/hr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/hr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Croatian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-07 12:59+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Croatian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/hu.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/hu.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/hu.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/hu.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Hungarian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-15 19:19+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Hungarian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Üdvözöljük a Kubuntuban" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/it.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/it.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/it.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/it.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Italian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-26 22:14+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Italian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Benvenuto in Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/km.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/km.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/km.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/km.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Khmer translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-21 02:05+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Khmer \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "សូម​ស្វាគមន៍​មក​កាន់​គូប៊ុនទូ" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/mr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/mr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/mr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/mr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Marathi translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-11 12:44+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Sachin Shamkuwar \n" +"Language-Team: Marathi \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "कुबुन्टू मधे स्वागत" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/nb.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/nb.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/nb.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/nb.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Norwegian Bokmal translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-04 19:21+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmal \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ne.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ne.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ne.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ne.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Nepali translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-27 19:39+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Nepali \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "कुबुन्टुमा स्वागत छ" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/pl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/pl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/pl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/pl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Polish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-10 18:52+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Polish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/pt_BR.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/pt_BR.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/pt_BR.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/pt_BR.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Brazilian Portuguese translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 11:29+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Bem-vindo(a) ao Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ru.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ru.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ru.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ru.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Russian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-17 18:19+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Russian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Добро пожаловать в Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/sl.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/sl.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/sl.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/sl.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Slovenian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-07 12:58+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Slovenian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/sv.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/sv.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/sv.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/sv.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Swedish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 22:37+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Swedish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Välkommen till Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/tr.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/tr.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/tr.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/tr.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Turkish translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-11 07:37+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Turkish \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Kubuntu'ya Hoşgeldiniz" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ug.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ug.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/ug.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/ug.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Uyghur translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-24 18:58+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Uyghur \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/uk.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/uk.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/uk.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/uk.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Ukrainian translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-11 05:51+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Ukrainian \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "Вітаємо у Kubuntu" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/zh_CN.po kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/zh_CN.po --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/data/welcome/po/zh_CN.po 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/data/welcome/po/zh_CN.po 2010-10-14 12:06:27.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# Chinese (Simplified) translation for kubuntu-docs +# Copyright (c) 2010 Rosetta Contributors and Canonical Ltd 2010 +# This file is distributed under the same license as the kubuntu-docs package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , 2010. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: kubuntu-docs\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FULL NAME \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-03-26 22:49-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-22 14:25+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: Chinese (Simplified) \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"X-Launchpad-Export-Date: 2010-10-13 14:18+0000\n" +"X-Generator: Launchpad (build Unknown)\n" + +#: ../welcome.desktop.in.h:1 +msgid "Welcome to Kubuntu" +msgstr "" diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/debian/changelog kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/debian/changelog --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/debian/changelog 2010-03-29 20:10:36.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/debian/changelog 2010-10-14 12:22:29.000000000 +0100 @@ -1,3 +1,9 @@ +kubuntu-docs (10.04.3.1) lucid-proposed; urgency=low + + * Add translations, LP: #660463 + + -- Jonathan Riddell Thu, 14 Oct 2010 12:09:43 +0100 + kubuntu-docs (10.04.3) lucid; urgency=low * Fixing package name in desktop doc (LP: #441351) diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/debian/source/format kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/debian/source/format --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/debian/source/format 2010-03-29 20:10:36.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/debian/source/format 2010-10-14 12:10:55.000000000 +0100 @@ -1 +1 @@ -3.0 (quilt) +3.0 (native) diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/de/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/de/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/de/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/de/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,509 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bearbeiten, Organisieren und Abspielen von Audio in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument behandelt die verschiedenen Audiofunktionen, die Kubuntu bietet. + + + + +CDs abspielen +Amarok ist die Kubuntu-Anwendung zum Abspielen von Audio-CDs. Wenn eine CD eingelegt wird, wird Kubuntu diese erkennen und einige Standardoptionen anzeigen. Um den Inhalt der CD mit Amarok anzuhören, wählen Sie Audio CD mit Amarok wiedergeben. und drücken Sie den OK-Knopf. Amarok kann konfiguriert werden, dass diese Auswahl jedes Mal ausgeführt wird, wenn eine CD eingelegt wird. Hierzu muss Die Auswahl für diesen Medientyp merken gewählt werden und OK gedrückt werden. Amarok bietet weitere nützliche Funkionen. Wenn der Rechner mit dem Internet verbunden ist, kann Amarok zu jeder abgespielten CD den Künstler, Titel und Metadaten von freedb.org abrufen. Es können auch die Liedtexte der aktuellen Auswahl (wenn sie verfügbar sind) durch Auswahl des Reiters Lyrics heruntergeladen werden. Weitere Informationen über den Künstler sind unter Wikipedia verfügbar (Auswahl des Reiters Artist). + + + +Audio Bearbeiten + +Zum Bearbeiten von Audiodateien bietet Kubuntu Audacity, eine voll ausgestattete, freie und Opensource Anwendung. Um Audacity zu benutzen: + + +Installieren Sie Audacity über die Paketverwaltung + + +Öffnen Sie Audacity indem Sie Kickoff AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenMultimediaAudacity auswählen. + + +Detaillierte Anleitungen (inkl. Tutorien und Weblinks) zur Benutzung von Audacity finden Sie, indem Sie HilfeInhalt in Audacity auswählen. + + + + + +Verwalten und Organisieren von Musikdateien + +Neben seiner Funktion als Kubuntu-Musik-Wiedergabeprogramm ist Amarok auch sehr hilfreich bei der Verwaltung von Musiksammlungen. Wenn Amarok das erste Mal gestartet wird, wird es nach dem Verzeichnis fragen, das die Musikdateien enthält. Jede unterstützte Musikdatei wird der Amarok-Datenbank hinzugefügt. Nachträgliche Änderungen in dem Verzeichnis werden in Amarok widergespiegelt. Öffnen Sie Amarok, indem Sie menuchoice>Kickoff AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenMultimediaMusik Player (Amarok) +Eine weitere nützliche Funktion in Amarok ist der eingebaute ID3-Tag-Editor zur Bearbeitung der Metadaten von Musikdateien. Für weitere Informationen über den Editor lesen Sie im Amarok Handbuch. + + + +iPod Time + +Eine weitere aufregende Funktion in Amarok ist die Möglichkeit, Musik direkt von einem iPod abzuspielen. Amarok kann auch benutzt werden, um Musikdateien auf und von einem iPod zu übertragen. Bitte lesen Sie das Amarok Handbuch für weitere Informationen zur Übertragung und Verwaltung von iPod Mediendateien. + + + +Brennen von Audio CDs + + +Wenn eine Audio-CD eingelegt wird, erkennt Kubuntu dies, hängt die CD ein und wird dann fragen, was mit der CD geschehen soll. Wählen Sie Audio CD mit K3B erstellen und drücken Sie OK. Dadurch wird K3b, der CD- und DVD-Ersteller geöffnet und weitere Optionen angeboten. + + +Um K3b manuell zu starten, wählen Sie Kickoff AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenMultimediaCD & DVD Brennen (K3b) + + +Wählen Sie Neues Audio CD Projekt im Dropdown-Menü Neues Projekt. + + +In K3b wählen Sie die Stücke aus, die ausgelesen werden sollen. Legen Sie sie dann per »drag and drop« in dem weißen Feld am unteren Rand des K3b-Fensters ab. + + + + +K3b Projekt Fenster + + +K3b Projekt Fenster + + + + +Wenn Sie alle Titel ausgewählt haben, drücken Sie den Knopf Brennen. + + +Verschiedene weitere Optionen werden im Brennen-Fenster angeboten. + + +Wenn alle Einstellungen komplett sind, drücken Sie den Knopf Brennen + + +K3b kann Audiodateien folgender Formate extrahieren: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis ist ein patentfreies, verlustbehaftetes Audio-Komprimierungsformat, das normalerweise eine bessere Qualität und größere Komprimierung als MP3 liefert. Lesen Sie auf der Vorbis Webseite um weitere Informationen zu erhalten. + + +FLAC - Das Free Lossless Audio CodecFLAC kann Audiodateien bis zu 50% komprimieren, ohne dabei Informationen aus dem Audio-Stream zu entfernen. Für weitere Informationen über dieses Format lesen Sie auf der FLAC Homepage auf sourceforge.net. + + +WAV - Wav ist ein unkomprimiertes Format, das in OGG Vorbis oder einen Codec Ihrer Wahl komprimiert werden kann. Es wird vor der Komprimierung häufig in Anwendungen wie Audacity bearbeitet. + + +CD-Audiodateien können mittels des lame-Encoders in das proprietäre, unfreie, verlustbehaftete Format MP3 extrahiert werden. Lesen Sie die Dokumentation Anwendungen Hinzufügen für Hilfe bei der Installation von Anwendungen wie lame. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/es/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/es/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/es/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/es/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editar, gestionar y reproducir audio en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento trata sobre las distintas prestaciones de audio que Kubuntu ofrece. + + + + +Reproducir CD +Amarok es la aplicación para reproducir CD en Kubuntu. Cuando un CDse inserta, Kubuntu lo reconocerá y mostrará las opciones por defecto. Para oír el contenido con Amarok, seleccione Reproducir CD de audio con Amarok y presiona el botón Aceptar. Amarok puede estar configurado para recordar esta acción cada vez que insertes un CD seleccionando Siempre hacer esto para este tipo de multimedia, y pinchar en Aceptar. Amarok ofrece otras características útiles. Sin está conectado a Internet, Amarok recuperará el artista, título, y la canción del CD desde freedb.org. También descargará las letras de la selección actual escogiendo la etiqueta Lyrics (Letras). Otra información sobre el artista puede encontrarse en Wikipedia seleccionando laetiquetaArtista. + + + +Editar audio + +Para editar archivos de sonido, Kubuntu proporciona Audacity, una aplicación de código abierto, libre con todas las características. Para usar Audacity: + + +Instalar Audacity desde el administrador de paquetes + + +Ejecute Audacity yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesMultimediaAudacity. + + +Instrucciones detalladas (incluyendo tutoriales y weblinks) sobre la utilización de Audacity pueden encontrar en AyudaContenidos dentro de la aplicación Audacity. + + + + + +Gestionar y organizar archivos de música + +Como reproductor de música de Kubuntu, Amarok es útil en el manejo de colecciones de música. Cuando Amarok se inicia por primera vez, le preguntará sobre la ubicación principal de sus archivos de música. Todos los archivos permitidos en ese directorio se añadirán a la base de datos de Amarok. Todos los cambios se verán reflejados en Amarok. Inicie Amarok accediendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesMultimediaReproductor de música (Amarok). +Otra característica de utilidad de Amarok es el editor de etiquetas integrado ID3 para modificar los metadatos de archivos de música. Para más información, por favor acceda a Amarok Handbook. + + + +iPod Time + +Otra interesante característica de Amarok es la habilidad de reproducir música directamente desde un Ipod. Amarok también puede usarse para transferir archivos de música desde y hacia un Ipod. Consulte el Amarok Handbook para más información. + + + +Grabar un CD de audio + + +Cuando se introduce un CD de audio, Kubuntu lo reconocerá, montará y le preguntará qué hacer con él CD. Elija Crear un CD de audio con K3B y presione Aceptar. Esto abrirá K3b, el kreador de CD y DVD, y le proporciona varias opciones. + + +Para iniciar K3b de forma manual, vaya a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesMultimediaCopiar CD y DVD (K3b). + + +Seleccione Proyecto nuevo de CD de audio en el menú desplegable Proyecto nuevo. + + +Dentro de K3b, explore y seleccione las pistas a grabar. A continuación arrastre y suelte dichas pistas en el área en blanco en la parte inferior de la ventana de K3b. + + + + +Ventana de proyecte K3b + + +Ventana de proyecte K3b + + + + +Presione el botón Grabar cuando haya seleccionado todas las pistas. + + +Se ofrecen varias opciones en la ventana Copiar + +Escritura - proporciona opciones relacionadas con la copia de imágenes a partir de los archivos seleccionados en el paso anterior. Sin soporte MP3 predeterminado +MP3 es un protocolo restringido por patentes. Para usarlo con K3b, lea la información en la parte final de este procedimiento. + + + +Imagen - proporciona configuraciones para guardar una imagen a una ubicación en el disco utilizando las pistas seleccionadas. + + +CD-Text - permite la introducción de artistas y etiquetas de títulos del CD. + + +Avanzado - proporciona una opción para normalizar el volumen si las pistas seleccionadas tienen diferentes niveles de volumen. + + + + +Cuando se complete toda la configuración, presione el botón Copiar. + + +K3b puede extraer archivos de audio en los siguientes formatos: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis es un formato de compresión de audio con pérdida libre de patentes que usualmente proporciona más calidad y compresión que el MP3. Véase Vorbis website para más información. + + +FLAC - El códec libre de compresión de audio sin pérdida FLAC puede comprimir archivos de audio hasta un 50% sin eliminar ninguna información de la secuencia de audio. Para mas información sobre este formato, ver la Pagina Principal de FLAC en sourceforge.net. + + +WAV - Wav es un formato de audio no comprimido que se puede comprimir a OGG Vorbis u otro códec a tu elección. Frecuentemente es editado en aplicaciones tales como Audacity, antes de ser comprimido. + + +Los archivos de CD de audio pueden ser extraídos al formato propietario, no libre y con pérdidas MP3 utilizando el codificador lame. Vea la documentación de Añadir aplicaciones para obtener ayuda con la instalación de aplicaciones como lame + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/et/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/et/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/et/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/et/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,525 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>s audio redigeerimine, haldamine ja mängimine. +&legalnotice; + +See dokument käsitleb erinevaid heliga seotud funktsioone, mida Kubuntu pakub. + + + + +CD-de esitamine +Amarok on Kubuntu rakendus heli-CD-de esitamiseks. Kui CD sisestatakse, tuvastab Kubuntu selle ja kuvab vaikevalikud. Amarokiga sisu kuulamiseks tuleb valida Esita heli-CD Amarokiga ja vajutada nuppu OK. Amaroki saab seadistada seda valikut mäletama, iga kord kui CD sisestatakse, valides Seda tüüpi andmekandja jaoks alati seesama tegevus +ning vajutada OK. Amarokil on ka teisi kasulikke omadusi. Internetti ühendudes tõmbab Amarok CD esitaja, pealkirja ja lugude andmed aadressilt freedb.org. Kaardi Laulusõnad valimisel laadib see alla ka laulusõnad, kui need on saadaval. Esitaja kohta saab rohkem teavet aadressilt Wikipedia, valides vahekaardi Esitaja. + + + +Heli redigeerimine + +Helifailide redigeerimiseks on Kubuntus olemas Audacity, mis on täisväärtuslik, tasuta ja avatud lähtekoodiga tarkvararakendus. Audacity kasutamiseks: + + +Paigalda Audacity paketihaldurist + + +Käivita Audacity, selleks liigu: Kickoffi rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedMultimeediaAudacity. + + +Üksikasjalikud juhised (kaasa arvatud treeningmaterjalid ja veebilingid) Audacity kasutamise kohta leiad Audacity menüü Abi valiku Sisukord. + + + + + +Muusikafailide haldamine ja korrastamine + +Lisaks muusika esitamisele on Kubuntus Amarok kasulik veel muusikakogude haldamiseks. Amaroki esimesel käivitamisel küsitakse põhikataloogi, mis sisaldab muusikafaile. Kõik selles kataloogis olevad toetatud muusikafailid lisatakse Amaroki andmebaasi. Selles kataloogis tehtud muudatused kajastuvad Amarokis. Amaroki käivitamiseks mine Kickoffi rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedMultimeediaMuusikamängija (Amarok). +Veel üks Amaroki kasulik omadus on sisseehitatud ID3 siltide redaktor muusikafailide metaandmete redigeerimiseks. Lisateavet redaktori kohta vaata Amaroki käsiraamatust. + + + +iPodi aeg + +Veel üks Amaroki huvitav omadus on võimalus esitada muusikat otse iPodist.Amaroki saab kasutada ka muusikafailide iPodi või sealt arvutisse laadimiseks. Lisateavet iPodi meediafailide ülekandmiseks ja haldamiseks vaata Amaroki käsiraamatut. + + + +Heli-CD-de kirjutamine + + +Kui heli-CD sisestatakse, tunneb Kubuntu selle ära, ühendab külge ja seejärel küsib, mida sa CD-ga teha tahad. Vali Loo heli-CD programmiga K3B ja vajuta OK. Selle tulemusel avaneb K3b, CD ja DVD loomise tarkvara ja pakub mitmeid valikuid. + + +TK3b käsitsi käivitamiseks liigu Kickoffi rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedMultimeediaCD & DVD kirjutamine (K3b). + + +Vali rippmenüüst Uus projekt Uus heli-CD projekt. + + +Vali K3b-s lood, mida soovid rippida. Seejärel lohista need valgesse alasse K3b akna alaosas. + + + + +K3b projektiaken + + +K3b projektiaken + + + + +Kui kõik lood on valitud, siis vajuta nuppu Kirjuta. + + +Mitmed valikud on aknas Kirjutamineb. + +Kirjutamine - pakub valikuid eelmises sammus valitud failidest tõmmise tegemiseks. Vaikimisi MP3 tugi puudub +MP3 on patentidega piiratud protokoll. Selle K3b-ga kasutamiseks vaadake talun teavet selle protseduuri kirjelduse lõpus. + + + +Tõmmis - seadistused tõmmise kirjutamiseks kettale, kasutades valitud lugusid. + + +CD-tekst - sisestusväljad CD-le esitajate ja pealkirjade siltide lisamiseks. + + +Täpsemalt - võimaldab heli normaliseerida, kui valitud lood on erineva helitugevusega. + + + + +Kui seadistamine on valmis, siis vajuta nuppu Kirjuta. + + +K3b kodeerib audiofaile järgmistesse vormingutesse: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis on patendivaba kadudega helipakkimise vorming, mis tavaliselt annab kõrgema kvaliteedi ja parema pakkimise kui MP3. Lisateavet vaata Vorbise veebisaidilt. + + +FLAC - Free Lossless Audio CodecFLAC (tasuta kadudeta helikoodek) suudab helifaile kuni 50% ulatuses kokku pakkida, ilma helivoost teavet eemaldamata. Lisateavet selle vormingu kohta vaata FLACi kodulehelt homepage sourceforge.net-is. + + +WAV - Wav on pakkimata helivorming, mida saab pakkida OGG Vorbise või su enda valitud vormingusse. Tihti monteeritakse seda enne kokkupakkimist rakendustega nagu Audacity. + + +CD-l olevad helifailid saab teisendada suletud, mitte-vabavaralisse kadudega vormingusse MP3, kasutades kooderitlame. Palun vaata dokumentatsiooni Rakenduste lisamine, et saada abi rakenduste, nagu lame, paigaldamises. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/fr/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/fr/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/fr/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/fr/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Edition, gestion et lecture audio dans <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document expose les diverses fonctions audio offertes par Kubuntu. + + + + +Lecture de CD +Amarok est l'application utilisée par Kubuntu pour la lecture de CD. Quand un CD est inséré, Kubuntu le reconnait et affiche les options par défaut. Pour en écouter le contenu avec Amarok, selectionnez Lire le CD audio avec Amarok puis cliquez sur OK. Amarok peut être configuré pour retenir ce choix à chaque fois qu'un CD est inséré en sélectionnant Toujours effectuer cette action avant de cliquer sur OK. Amarok offre d'autres fonctionnalités utiles. Si vous êtes connecté à Internet, Amarok récupèrera le nom de l'artiste, le titre du CD et les données concernant les pistes depuis freedb.org. Il téléchargera également les paroles correspondant à la sélection courante si elles sont disponibles en sélectionnant l'onglet Paroles. D'autres données concernant l'artiste peuvent être trouvées sur Wikipedia en sélectionnant l'onglet Artiste. + + + +Édition audio + +Pour l'édition de fichiers audio, Kubuntu fournit Audacity, une application logicielle libre et open source très complète. Pour utiliser Audacity : + + +Installez Audacity à partir du gestionnaire de paquets + + +Lancez Audacity via Lanceur d'applications KickoffApplicationsMultimédiaAudacity. + + +Vous trouverez des instructions détaillées (y compris des tutoriels et de liens Internet) sur l'usage d'Audacity en suivant les menus Aide puis Contenu depuis Audacity. + + + + + +Gestion et organisation de fichiers musicaux + +En plus d'être le lecteur de musique de Kubuntu, Amarok est d'une grande aide pour la gestion de collections musicales. Lors de son premier démarrage, Amarok vous demandera le chemin vers le répertoire principal contenant des fichiers musicaux. Tous les fichiers musicaux pris en charge situés dans ce répertoire seront ajoutés à la base de données d'Amarok. Toute modification ultérieure du contenu de ce dossier sera reflété au sein d'Amarok. Démarrez Amarok via Lanceur d'application KickoffApplicationsMultimédiaLecteur de musique (Amarok). +L'éditeur intégré de balises ID3 est une autre fonctionnalité d'Amarok très utile pour l'édition des métadonnées de fichiers musicaux. Pour plus d'informations sur l'éditeur, merci de vous reporter au Manuel d'Amarok. + + + +iPod Time + +Une autre fonctionnalité intéressante d'Amarok est sa capacité à lire de la musique directement depuis un iPod. Amarok peut aussi être utilisé pour transférer de la musique entre votre ordinateur et un iPod. Veuillez consulter le Manuel d'Amarok pour plus d'informations sur le transfert et la gestion de fichiers média avec un iPod. + + + +Gravure de CD audio + + +Lorsqu'un CD audio est inséré, Kubuntu le reconnait, le monte et demande quoi faire du CD. Choisissez Créer un CD audio avec K3B et cliquez sur OK. Ceci lancera K3b, le Kréateur de CD et DVD et vous donnera accès à diverses options. + + +Pour démarrer K3b manuellement, rendez vous dans Lanceur d'application KickoffApplicationsMultimédiaGravure de CD & DVD (K3b). + + +Sélectionnez Nouveau projet de CD Audio dans le menu déroulant Nouveau Projet. + + +Dans K3b, parcourez et sélectionnez les pistes à extraire. Ensuite, effectuez un cliquer-glisser pour les placer dans la zone vide au bas de la fenêtre K3b. + + + + +Fenêtre de projet K3b + + +Fenêtre de projet K3b + + + + +Lorsque toutes les pistes ont été sélectionnées, cliquez sur Graver. + + +Plusieurs options sont disponibles à l'intérieur de la fenêtre Gravure + +Gravure - donne accès aux choix liés à la gravure d'une image à partir des fichiers sélectionnés lors de l'étape précédente. Pas de prise en charge du MP3 par défaut +Le format MP3 est soumis à des licences. Avant de l'utiliser avec K3b, reportez vous aux informations disponibles à la fin de cette procédure.. + + + +Image - donne accès aux réglages pour graver une image à un emplacement sur le disque à partir des pistes sélectionnées. + + +CD-Text - donne accès aux champs de saisie permettant d'ajouter au CD des balises concernant les artistes et les titres. + + +Avancé - donne accès à l'option de normalisation du volume, utile si le volume des pistes sélectionnées n'est pas identique. + + + + +Une fois tous les réglages terminés, cliquez sur Graver. + + +K3b peut extraire les pistes audio dans les formats suivants : + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis est un format de compression audio avec pertes, non soumis à brevet et qui produit généralement des fichiers moins volumineux et de meilleure qualité que le MP3. Consultez le site Web Vorbis pour plus d'informations. + + +FLAC - Le codec audio libre et sans pertes FLAC est capable de compresser des fichiers audio jusqu'à 50% sans supprimer aucune information du flux original. Pour plus d'informations sur ce format, consultez la page Web FLAC sur sourceforge.net. + + +WAV - Wav est un format audio non compressé, qui peut être compressé par OGG Vorbis ou tout autre codec de votre choix. Il est souvent utilisé pour l'édition sous des applications comme Audacity avant la compression. + + +Les fichiers issus de CD audio peuvent être extraits sous le format MP3 qui est propriétaire, non libre et avec pertes, grâce à l'encodeur lame. Consultez la documentation Ajouter des applications pour obtenir de l'aide sur l'installation d'applications telles que lame. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/gl/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/gl/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/gl/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/gl/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,570 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editar, xestionar e reproducir son en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento trata sobre das distintas característcas de son que Kubuntu ofrece. + + + + +Reproducir CD + +Amarok is the Kubuntu application for +playing audio CDs. When a CD is inserted, +Kubuntu will recognize it and display default options. To hear the content +with Amarok, select Play Audio CD with +Amarok and then press OK button. +Amarok can be configured to remember this choice +every time a CD is inserted by selecting Always do +this for this type of media, and pressing OK. +Amarok offers other useful features. If connected to +the Internet, Amarok will retrieve +CD artist, title, and track data from freedb.org. It will also download the lyrics +for the current selection if they are available by choosing the +Lyrics tab. Other Artist information can be found on Wikipedia by selecting the +Artist tab. + + + + +Editar son + +Para editar ficheiros de son, Kubuntu fornece Audacity, un aplicativo de código aberto, libre con todas as características. Para usar Audacity: + + +Instalar Audacity desde o administrador de paquetes + + +Execute Audacity indo ao Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosMultimediaAudacity. + + +Pode atopar instrucións detalladas (incluindo tutoriais e ligazóns web) sobre o uso de Audacity en AxudaContidos dentro do aplicativo Audacity. + + + + + +Xestionar e organizar ficheiros de música + + +In addition to being the Kubuntu music player, +Amarok is is helpful for managing music +collections. When Amarok is started for the first +time, it will ask for the primary directory that contains music files. Any +supported music files in that directory will be added to the +Amarok database. Subsequent changes made to that +directory will be reflected in Amarok. Start +Amarok by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaMusic Player (Amarok). + + +Another useful Amarok feature is the built-in ID3 +tag editor for editing the metadata of music files. For more information +on the editor, please refer to Amarok +Handbook. + + + + +iPod Time + + +Another exciting Amarok feature is the ability to +play music directly from an iPod. Amarok can also be +used to transfer music files to and from an iPod. Please refer to the Amarok Handbook for more information on +transferring and managing iPod media files. + + + + +Gravar CD de son + + +582 + + + +To start K3b manually, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaCD & DVD Burning (K3b). + + + +Seleccione Novo proxecto de CD de son no menu depregábel Novo proxecto. + + +Dentro do K3b, busque e seleccione as pistas que desexe copiar. De seguido, arraste e solte as pistas na área branca na parte inferior da xanela do K3b. + + + + +Xanela do proxeto K3b + + +Xanela do proxeto K3b + + + + +Prema o botón Gravar en cuanto teña escollidas todas as pistas. + + +Ofrecense varias opcións dentro da xanela Gravación. + +Gravando - ofrece opcións relacionadas coa gravación dunha imaxe a partir dos ficheiros seleccionados na etapa anterior. De xeito predeterminado non é compatíbel con MP· +MP3 é un protocolo restrinxido por patentes. No caso de que desexe usalo con K3b, consulte a información ao final deste proceso. + + + +Imaxe - fornece configuracións para gravar unha imaxe nunha localización no disco usando as pistas seleccionadas. + + +CD-Texto - fornece campos de entrada para poder engadir etiquetas de artistas e título ao CD. + + +Avanzado - fornece a opción de normalizar o volume, se as pistas seleccionadas teñen diferentes niveis de volume. + + + + +Cando estean feitos todos os axustes, prema no botón Gravar. + + +K3b pode extraer ficheiros de son aos formatos seguintes: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis é un formato de compresión de son con perda libre de patentes que usualmente proporciona máis calidade e compresión que o MP3. Vexa Vorbis website para obter máis información. + + +FLAC - The Free Lossless Audio +CodecFLAC can compress audio files up to 50% without removing +any information from the audio stream. For more information on this format, see +the FLAC homepage on +sourceforge.net. + + + +WAV - Wav é un formato de son sen compresión que pode ser comprimido en OGG Vorbis ou nun códec de súa elección. A miúdo é editado, en aplicativos como o Audacity, antes de ser comprimido. + + + +CD audio files can be extracted to the proprietary, non-free +MP3 lossy format by using the +lame encoder. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help with installing applications such as lame. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/it/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/it/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/it/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/it/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Modificare, gestire e riprodurre audio in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento tratta delle varie caratteristiche audio che Kubuntu offre. + + + + +Riprodurre CD +Amarok è l'applicazione di Kubuntu per riprodurre i CD audio. Quando viene inserito un CD, Kubuntu lo riconosce e mostra le opzioni predefinite. Per ascoltare il suo contenuto con Amarok, selezionate Riproduci CD audio con Amarok, poi premete il pulsante OK. Amarok può essere configurato per ricordare questa scelta ogni volta che viene inserito un CD, selezionando Esegui questa azione per questo tipo di media, poi premendo OK. Amarok offre altre utili funzionalità. Se connesso a Internet, Amarok recupererà i dati per l'artista, il titolo e le tracce del CD da freedb.org. Scaricherà anche i testi per la selezione attiva, se disponibili, se si sceglie la scheda Testi. Altre informazioni sull'artista possono essere trovate in Wikipedia selezionando la scheda Artista. + + + +Modificare i file audio + +Per la modifica dei file audio, Kubuntu mette a disposizione Audacity, un'applicazione completa, gratuita e open source. Per utilizzare Audacity: + + +Installate Audacity dal gestore dei pacchetti + + +Avviate Audacity da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniMultimediaAudacity. + + +Istruzioni dettagliate (incluse esercitazioni e collegamenti web) sull'uso di Audacity si possono trovare al suo interno in AiutoManuale. + + + + + +Gestire e organizzare i file musicali + +Oltre ad essere il lettore audio di Kubuntu, Amarok è utile per gestire le raccolte musicali. Quando viene avviato per la prima volta, Amarok chiede qual è la cartella principale che contiene i file musicali. Tutti i file musicali supportati in quella cartella saranno aggiunti al database di Amarok. Le modifiche successive fatte a quella cartella si rifletteranno all'interno del programma. Avviate Amarok da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniMultimediaLettore audio (Amarok). +Un'altra caratteristica utile di Amarok è l'editor di tag ID3 incorporato, per la modifica dei dati aggiuntivi dei file musicali. Per maggiori informazioni sull'editor, fare riferimento al Manuale di Amarok. + + + +È tempo di iPod! + +Un'altra eccitante caratteristica di Amarok è la sua capacità di riprodurre musica direttamente da un iPod. Amarok può essere anche usato per trasferire file musicali verso e da un iPod. Per ulteriori informazioni sul trasferimento e la gestione dei file multimediali iPod, fate riferimento al Manuale di Amarok. + + + +Masterizzare CD audio + + +Quando viene inserito un CD audio, Kubuntu lo riconoscerà, lo monterà e chiederà che operazione eseguire su di esso. Scegliete Crea un CD audio con K3B e premete OK. Si aprirà K3b, il creatore di CD e DVD, che offrirà diverse opzioni. + + +Per avviare manualmente K3b, andate in Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniMultimediaMasterizzazione CD e DVD (K3b). + + +Selezionate Nuovo progetto CD audio nel menu a tendina Nuovo progetto. + + +All'interno di K3b, sfogliate e selezionate le tracce da estrarre. Poi trascinatele e rilasciatele nell'area bianca nella parte inferiore della finestra di K3b. + + + + +La finestra di progetto K3b + + +La finestra di progetto K3b + + + + +Dopo aver scelto tutte le tracce, premete il pulsante Scrivi. + + +Diverse opzioni sono presenti all'interno della finestra Scrittura. + +Scrittura - fornisce le opzioni relative alla scrittura di un'immagine in base ai file selezionati nel passaggio precedente. Nessun supporto MP3 predefinito +MP3 è un protocollo soggetto a restrizioni di brevetto. Per usarlo in K3b, fate riferimento alle informazioni alla fine di questa procedura. + + + +Immagine - fornisce le impostazioni per scrivere un'immagine in una posizione nel disco utilizzando le tracce selezionate. + + +CD-Text - fornisce campi di immissione per aggiungere nel CD i tag per gli artisti e il titolo. + + +Avanzate - fornisce una opzione per la normalizzazione del volume, se le tracce selezionate hanno livelli di volume diversi. + + + + +Quando avete completato tutte le impostazioni, premete il pulsante Scrivi. + + +K3b può estrarre file audio nei seguenti formati: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis è formato di compressione audio con perdita di dati senza vincolo di brevetto, che produce in genere una migliore qualità e una maggiore compressione del formato MP3. Per ulteriori informazioni consultare il sito web di Vorbis. + + +FLAC - il Free Lossless Audio CodecFLAC può comprimere i file audio fino al 50% senza rimuovere alcuna informazione dal flusso di dati audio. Per ulteriori informazioni su questo formato, consultare la pagina web di FLAC in sourceforge.net. + + +WAV - Wav è un formato audio non compresso comprimibile in OGG Vorbis o un codec di vostra scelta. Viene spesso modificato in applicazioni tipo Audacity prima di essere compresso. + + +I file audio CD possono essere estratti nel formato con perdita di dati, non libero, MP3 utilizzando il codificatore lame. Per una guida all'installazione di applicazioni tipo lame, fate riferimento alla documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/ja/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/ja/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/ja/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/ja/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> で音楽を編集、管理、演奏する +&legalnotice; + +このドキュメントでは Kubuntu の提供する様々なオーディオ機能について説明します。 + + + + +CD の再生 +Amarok はオーディオ CD を再生するための Kubuntu アプリケーションです。CD を挿入すると、Kubuntu は自動的に認識して既定のオプションを表示します。Amarok で CD の中身を聴くには、Amarok でオーディオ CD を再生する を選択して OK ボタンをクリックします。常にこのアクションを適用するを選択して OK をクリックすると、Amarok は CD を挿入するたびにこの選択を実行するように設定されます。Amarok には他にも役に立つ機能があります。インターネットに接続していると、Amarok は CD のアーティスト、タイトル、トラックデータを freedb.org から取得します。現在再生中の曲の歌詞をダウンロードして歌詞タブを選択すると表示する機能もあります。アーティストタブを選択すると Wikipedia にあるアーティスト情報を表示します。 + + + +オーディオの編集 + +オーディオファイルの編集のために、Kubuntu はフル機能でフリー/オープンソースソフトウェア・アプリケーションである Audacity を用意しています。 + + +パッケージマネージャから Audacity をインストールします。 + + +Kickoff アプリケーション・ランチャアプリケーションマルチメディアAudacity から Audacity を起動します。 + + +チュートリアルや役に立つウェブリンクなど Audacity の使用に関する詳細な説明は Audacity 内のヘルプマニュアル でご覧になれます。 + + + + + +音楽ファイルをまとめて管理する + +Amarok は Kubuntu の音楽プレーヤーであるだけでなく、ミュージックコレクションを管理するためのとても役に立つ機能を備えています。Amarok を初めて起動するときは、音楽ファイルを保存しているディレクトリを聞いてきます。ディレクトリ内にあるすべてのサポートされている音楽ファイルは Amarok データベースに追加されます。ディレクトリに変更があると Amarok に反映されます。Kickoff アプリケーション・ランチャアプリケーションマルチメディアミュージックプレーヤー (Amarok) から Amarok を起動します。 +そのほかの Amarok の便利な機能として音楽ファイルのメタデータを編集する ID3 タグエディタが内蔵してあることが挙げられます。タグエディタに関する詳しい情報は、Amarok ハンドブックを参照してください。 + + + +iPod をつなぐ + +iPod から直接音楽を再生できることも Amarok のすばらしい機能の１つです。Amarok を使用して iPod との間で音楽を転送することもできます。iPod のメディアファイルの管理・転送についての詳しい情報は Amarok ハンドブック を参照してください。 + + + +オーディオ CD の作成 + + +オーディオ CD を挿入すると、Kubuntu は自動的に認識してマウントし、CD をどうするか聞いてきます。K3B でオーディオ CD を作成するを選択して OK を押します。CD や DVD の作成ツールである K3b が起動し、様々なオプションが利用できます。 + + +K3b を手動で起動するには、Kickoff アプリケーションランチャアプリケーションマルチメディアCD & DVD Burning (K3b) を選択します。 + + +新しいプロジェクトドロップダウンメニューにある新しいオーディオ CD プロジェクトを選択します。 + + +K3b でリッピングするトラックを閲覧、選択します。次に K3b ウィンドウの下部にある白い場所にそのトラックをドラッグ＆ドロップします。 + + + + +K3b プロジェクトウィンドウ + + +K3b プロジェクトウィンドウ + + + + +すべてのトラックを選んだら書き込むボタンを押します。 + + +書き込むウィンドウではいくつかのオプションを用意しています。 + +書き込み - 前の手順で選択したファイルからなるイメージの書き込みに関連したオプションがあります。デフォルトでは MP3 をサポートしていません +MP3 は特許で制限されたプロトコールです。K3b で使用するためには、この手順の最後に書かれている情報を参照してください。 + + + +イメージ - 選択したトラックのイメージを書き込むディスクの場所の設定があります。 + + +CD-Text - CD に追加するアーティストとタイトルのタグを入力します。 + + +詳細 - 選択したトラックが異なった音量レベルであるときに音量をノーマライズするか選択します。 + + + + +すべての設定が終了したら、書き込むボタンを押します。 + + +K3b はオーディオファイルを以下のファーマットとして取り出すことができます: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis はパテントフリー、非可逆圧縮のオーディオフォーマットで通常 MP3 より高音質で高い圧縮率を誇っています。詳しい情報は Vorbis ウェブサイトをご覧ください。 + + +FLAC - フリーの可逆圧縮オーディオコーデック FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec) はオーディオストリームからの情報を損なうことなくオーディオファイルを50％にまで圧縮できます。このフォーマットに関する詳しい情報は sourceforge.net にある FLAC ホームページをご覧ください。 + + +WAV - WAV は非圧縮オーディオフォーマットで OGG Vorbis など任意のコーデックに圧縮することが可能です。圧縮前に Audacity のようなアプリケーションで編集することもよくあります。 + + +LAME エンコーダを使用して、CD オーディオファイルをプロプライエタリ、つまりフリーでない非可逆圧縮フォーマットの MP3 形式として取り出すことができます。LAME などのアプリケーションのインストールに関するヘルプにつきましては、アプリケーションの追加ドキュメンテーションを参照してください。 + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/km/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/km/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/km/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/km/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +កែ​សម្រួល គ្រប់​គ្រង និង​ចាក់​អូឌីយ៉ូ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុន​ទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ប្រហែល​ជាមាន​ទ្រង់ទ្រាយ​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា​ដែល​​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ផ្តល់ឲ្យ​ ។ + + + + +ចាក់ស៊ីឌី +Amarok ជា​កម្មវិធី​​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ​សម្រាប់​ចាក់​អូឌីយ៉ូ ស៊ីឌី​​ ។ នៅពេល​ ស៊ីឌី​ ត្រូវបានបញ្ចូល​ គូប៊ុនទូ​​ នឹង​ស្គាល់​វា​ ហើយ​​បង្ហាញ​ជម្រើស​​លំនាំដើម​ ។ ស្តាប់​ចម្រៀង​​ជាមួយ​​ Amarok ជ្រើស​ ចាក់​ស៊ីឌីអូ​យ៉ូជាមួយ​ Amarok បន្ទាប់មក​​ចុចប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម​​ ។ Amarok អាច​ត្រូវបានកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ ដើម្បី​ចង់ចាំ​ជម្រើស​នេះ​គ្រប់​ពេល​ ស៊ីឌី​​ ត្រូវបាន​បញ្ចូល​​ ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ ធ្វើ​វា​ជានិច្ច​​ សម្រាប់​ប្រភេទរបស់​​មេឌៀនេះ​​ ហើយ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​​ យល់​ព្រម​ ។ Amarok ផ្តល់​ប្រយោជន៍​ផ្សេងៗ​ជាច្រើន​ ។ បើ​បានតភ្ជាប់​អ៊ីធឺណិត​​ Amarok នឹងទៅយក​​ ស៊ីឌី​​ សិល្បករ​ ចំណងជ្រើង​ និង​ទិន្នន័យ​បទ​ពី​ freedb.org ។ វានឹង​​ទាញយក​បទ​ សម្រាប់​ជម្រើស​បច្ចុប្បន្នផងដែរ​​ បើ​ពួក​គេ​អាច​ជ្រើសផ្ទាំង​​ បទ​​ ។ ព័ត៌មាន​​សិល្បករផ្សេង​ទៀត​អាច​ស្វែងរក​តាម​​ វីគីភីឌៀ​ ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ផ្ទាំង​សិល្បករ​​ ។ + + + +កែសម្រួល​អូឌីយ៉ូ + +សម្រាប់​ការ​​កែសម្រួល​ឯកសារ​អូឌីយ៉ូ គូប៊ុនទូ​​ ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ​ Audacity ដែលមាន​លក្ខពិសេសពេញលេញ​​ កម្មវិធីជា​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​ចំហ និង​ឥតគិតថ្លៃ​ ។ ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​​ Audacity ៖ + + +ដំឡើង​​ Audacity ពី​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់ + + +ដំណើរការ​​ Audacity ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​កម្មវិធី​ចាប់ផ្តើម​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoff ​កម្មវិធី ពហុមេឌៀ​​Audacity ។ + + +ការ​ណែនាំ​ដែល​បាន​រៀបរាប់​យ៉ាងល្អិតល្អន់​ (រួម​មាន​​ tutorials និង​ weblinks) ក្នុង​ការប្រើ​​ Audacity អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ស្វែងរក​ដោយចូល​ទៅកាន់​​​ ជំនួយ​មាតិកា នៅក្នុង​ Audacity ។ + + + + + +ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ និងការ​​រៀបចំ​ឯកសារ​តន្ត្រី + +លើស​ពីនេះទៀត​ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​តន្ត្រី​​ គូប៊ុនទូ Amarok ជា​ប្រយោជន៍​សម្រាប់ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​សម្រាំង​តន្ត្រី​ ។ នៅពេល​ Amarok ត្រូវបាន​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ សម្រាប់​​ពេល​ដំបូង​ វា​នឹង​សួរ​ ​​ថត​ចម្បង​ដែល​មាន​ឯកសារ​តន្ត្រី​ ។​ ឯកសារ​តន្ត្រី​ដែល​បាន​គាំទ្រ​មួយ​ចំនួន​ក្នុង​ថត​នោះ​​​ នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្ថែម​ទៅកាន់​​​មូលដ្ឋាន​ទិន្នន័យ​ Amarok ។ បាន​ធ្វើ​ការ​ការផ្លាស់ប្តូរ​បន្តបន្ទាប់​ទៅកាន់​ថត​នោះ​នឹង​ត្រូវបាន​បង្ហាញ​ក្នុង​​ Amarok ។ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Amarok ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​​ ​កម្មវិធីចាប់​ផ្តើម​កម្មវិធី ​​Kickoff កម្មវិធី​​ពហុមេឌៀ​​​កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​តន្ត្រី​ (Amarok) ។ +ជា​ប្រយោជន៍​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​លក្ខណពិសេស​ Amarok គឺ​ជាប់កម្មវិធីកែសម្រួល​ ID3 ​សម្រាប់​ការ​កែសម្រួលទិន្នន័យ​មេតា​​របស់​​ឯកសារ​តន្ត្រី​ ។ ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​​អំពី​កម្មវិធី​កែសម្រួល សូមយោងទៅលើ​ សៀវភៅ​ដៃ​ Amarok ។ + + + +ពេល​វេលារបស់​ iPod + +លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​អស្ចារ្យ​ម្យ៉ាង​ទៀត​របស់​ Amarok គឺ​សមត្ថភាព​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ចាក់​តន្ត្រី​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​ពី​ iPod ។ Amarok ក៏​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ផ្ទេរ​ឯកសារ​តន្ត្រី​ទៅ​កាន់​ និង​មក​ពី​ iPod ផង​ដែរ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ស្តី​អំពី​ការ​ផ្ទេរ​ និង​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ​មេឌៀរបស់ iPod សូម​យោង​ទៅកាន់​ សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​របស់ Amarok ។ + + + +ដុត​ស៊ីឌី​អូឌីយ៉ូ + + +នៅពេល​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ ស៊ីឌី​​ ត្រូវបាន​បញ្ចូល​​ គូប៊ុនទូ​​ នឹង​​ស្គាល់​វា​​ ម៉ោន​វា​ បន្ទាប់​មក​សួរ​ធ្វើ​អ្វី​ជាមួយ​ ស៊ីឌី​ ។ ជ្រើស​ បង្កើត​ស៊ីឌី​អូឌីយ៉ូ​​ជាមួយ​​ K3B និង​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម​ ។ វា​នឹង​បើ​ K3b ស៊ីឌី​​​ និង​ ឌីវីឌី​ Kreator និង​ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ​ជា​ជម្រើសផ្សេង​ៗ ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម K3b ដោយ​ដៃ​ ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Kickoff កម្មវិធី​​ពហុ​មេឌៀ​ស៊ីឌី​​ & ដុត ឌីវីឌី (K3b) ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ គម្រោង​ស៊ីឌី​អូឌីយ៉ូថ្មី​​ ក្នុង​ម៉ឺនុយ​ dropdown គម្រោង​ថ្មី​ ។ + + +ខាងក្នុង​​ K3b រក​មើល​ និង​ជ្រើស​​បទ​ត្រូវបានបម្លែង ។ បន្ទាប់​មក​អូស​ និង​ទម្លាក់​បទ​ក្នុង​​​ផ្ទៃពណ៌ស នៅ​បាត​របស់​បង្អួច​ K3b ។ + + + + +បង្អួច​គម្រោងរបស់​​ K3b + + +បង្អួច​គម្រោងរបស់​​ K3b + + + + +សូម​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ដុត នៅពេល​បទទាំងអស់​ត្រូវបាន​ជ្រើស​ ។ + + +ជម្រើស​បី​បួន​ដែល​​បាន​ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង + +សសេរ​​ - ផ្តល់​ជម្រើស​ទាក់ទង​ការដុត​រូបភាព​​ ពី​ឯកសារ​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស​​ក្នុង​ជំហាន​មុន​ ។​ មិន​គាំទ្រ​ MP3 តាម​លំនាំដើម +MP3 ពិធីការ​ត្រូវបានកម្រិត​ដោយ​ប៉ាតង់​ ។ តាម​លំដាប់​ត្រូវប្រើ​វា​ជាមួយ​ K3b សូម​យោង​ទៅ​លើ​ព័ត៌មាន​​ នៅ​ខាងចុច​នៃ​បែបបទនេះ​ ។ + + + +រូប​ភាព​​ - ផ្តល់​ការ​កំណត់​ត្រូវសេរសេរ​រូបភាព​​ទៅកាន់​ទីតាំង​លើថាស​ ដោយប្រើ​បទ​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស​ ។ + + +ស៊ីឌី​-អត្ថបទ​ - ផ្តល់​នូវ​វាល​បញ្ចូល​ សម្រាប់​បន្ថែម​ស្លាក​អ្នក​សិល្ប​ករ​ និង​ចំណង​ជើង​ទៅ​កាន់​ស៊ីឌី ។ + + +កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ - ផ្តល់​នូវ​ជម្រើស សម្រាប់​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​កម្រិត​សំឡេង​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ធម្មតា បើ​សិន​បទ​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស​មាន​កម្រិត​សំឡេង​ខុស​គ្នា ។ + +បង្អួច​ ដុត​ ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ការ​កំណត់​ទាំង​អស់​ សូម​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ដុត​ ។ + + +K3b អាច​ស្រង់​ចេញ​ឯកសារ​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ទៅ​កាន់​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ៖ + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis ជា​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​បង្ហាប់​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ដែល​មាន​ការ​បាត់​បង់ និង​​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​​ប៉ាតង់​ ដែល​តែង​តែ​បង្កើត​បាន​នូវ​ការបង្ហាប់​ដែល​អស្ចារ្យ និង​មាន​គុណភាព​ខ្ពស់​ជាង​ MP3 ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​មើល​ តំបន់​បណ្តាញ Vorbis ។ + + +FLAC - ជា​កូដិច​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ដែល​គ្មាន​ការ​បាត់​បង់​ និង​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​របស់​FLAC ដែល​អាច​បង្ហាប់​ឯកសារ​អូឌីយ៉ូ​រហូត​ដល់​ ៥០% ដោយ​មិន​យក​ព័ត៌មាន​ណា​មួយ​ចេញ​ពី​ស្ទ្រីម​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ស្តី​អំពី​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​នេះ សូម​មើល​ គេហ​ទំព័រ FLAC តាម​ sourceforge.net ។ + + +WAV - Wav ជា​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​អូឌីយ៉ូ​​​ពន្លា​ ដែល​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្ហាប់​ទៅ​ជា​ OGG Vorbis ឬ​កូដិច​ទៅ​តាម​ជម្រើស​របស់​អ្នក​ ។ ជា​ញឹក​ញាប់​វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​កែ​សម្រួល​នៅ​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​ដូច​ជា​ Audacity មុន​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្ហាប់​ ។ + + +ឯកសារ​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ស៊ីឌី​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ស្រង់​ចេញ​ទៅ​កាន់​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយដែល​មានការ​​បាត់​បង់​​ និង​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ ព្រម​ទាំង​គិត​ថ្លៃ​របស់​​​ MP3ដោយ​ប្រើ​អ៊ិនកូឌ័រ​ lame ។ សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ សម្រាប់​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ដូច​ជា​ lame ។ + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/oc/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/oc/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/oc/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/oc/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,635 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Edicion, gestion e lectura àudio dins <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about the various audio features that Kubuntu offers. + + + + + +Lectura de CD + +Amarok is the Kubuntu application for +playing audio CDs. When a CD is inserted, +Kubuntu will recognize it and display default options. To hear the content +with Amarok, select Play Audio CD with +Amarok and then press OK button. +Amarok can be configured to remember this choice +every time a CD is inserted by selecting Always do +this for this type of media, and pressing OK. +Amarok offers other useful features. If connected to +the Internet, Amarok will retrieve +CD artist, title, and track data from freedb.org. It will also download the lyrics +for the current selection if they are available by choosing the +Lyrics tab. Other Artist information can be found on Wikipedia by selecting the +Artist tab. + + + + +Edicion àudio + + +For editing audio files, Kubuntu provides Audacity, +a full-featured, free and open source software application. To use +Audacity: + + + + +Install Audacity from the package manager + + + + +Run Audacity by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaAudacity. + + + + +Detailed instructions (including tutorials and weblinks) on using +Audacity can be found by going to + +Help +Contents + from within Audacity. + + + + + + +Gestion e organizacion de fichièrs musicals + + +In addition to being the Kubuntu music player, +Amarok is is helpful for managing music +collections. When Amarok is started for the first +time, it will ask for the primary directory that contains music files. Any +supported music files in that directory will be added to the +Amarok database. Subsequent changes made to that +directory will be reflected in Amarok. Start +Amarok by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaMusic Player (Amarok). + + +Another useful Amarok feature is the built-in ID3 +tag editor for editing the metadata of music files. For more information +on the editor, please refer to Amarok +Handbook. + + + + +iPod Time + + +Another exciting Amarok feature is the ability to +play music directly from an iPod. Amarok can also be +used to transfer music files to and from an iPod. Please refer to the Amarok Handbook for more information on +transferring and managing iPod media files. + + + + +Gravadura de CD àudio + + + +When an audio CD is inserted, Kubuntu will +recognize it, mount it, and then ask what to do with the CD. +Choose Create an audio CD with K3B and press +OK. This will open +K3b, the CD and +DVD Kreator, and provide various options. + + + + +To start K3b manually, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaCD & DVD Burning (K3b). + + + + +Select New Audio CD Project in the New +Project dropdown menu. + + + + +Inside K3b, browse and select the tracks to be +ripped. Then drag and drop the tracks in the white area at the bottom of the +K3b window. + + + + + +Fenèstra de projècte K3b + + +Fenèstra de projècte K3b + + + + + + +Press the Burn button when all tracks have been chosen. + + + + +Several options are offered inside the Burning window. + + + +Writing - provides choices related to burning an image from +the files selected in the previous step. +Pas de presa en carga del MP3 per defaut + +MP3 is a protocol restricted by patents. In order to use it +with K3b, please refer to the information at the end +of this procedure. + + + + + + +Image - provides settings to write an image to a location +on the disk using the selected tracks. + + + + +CD-Text - provides input fields to add artists and title +tags to the CD. + + + + +Advanced - provides a choice to normalize volume if the +selected tracks have different volume levels. + + + + + + + +When all settings are complete, press the Burn +button. + + + +K3b pòt extraire las pistas àudio dins los formats seguents : + + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg +Vorbis is a patent-free lossy audio compression format which usually produces +higher quality and greater compression than MP3. See the Vorbis website for more information. + + + +FLAC - The Free Lossless Audio +CodecFLAC can compress audio files up to 50% without removing +any information from the audio stream. For more information on this format, see +the FLAC homepage on +sourceforge.net. + + + +WAV - Wav is an +uncompressed audio format that can be compressed into OGG Vorbis or a codec of +your choice. It is often edited in applications such as Audacity before being +compressed. + + + + +CD audio files can be extracted to the proprietary, non-free +MP3 lossy format by using the +lame encoder. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help with installing applications such as lame. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/pt_BR/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/pt_BR/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/pt_BR/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/pt_BR/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editando, gerenciando e reproduzindo áudio no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento é sobre os vários recursos de áudio que Kubuntu oferece. + + + + +Reproduzindo CDs +Amarok é o aplicativo do Kubuntu para reprodução de CDs de áudio. Quando um CD é inserido, Kubuntu irá reconhecê-lo e mostrar as opções padrão. Para ouvir o conteúdo com Amarok, selecione Executar CD de áudio com Amarok e pressione o botão OK. Amarok pode ser configurado para lembrar esta escolha cada vez que um CD é inserido selecionando Sempre fazer isso para este tipo de mídia, e pressionando OK. Amarok oferece outros recursos úteis. Se estiver conectado à Internet, Amarok irá buscar informações sobre o artista, título, e os dados da faixa do CD a partir de freedb.org. Ele também irá baixar as letras para a seleção atual, se estiverem disponíveis, escolhendo a guia Letras. Informações sobre os artistas podem ser encontradas no Wikipédia ulink>, selecionando a guia Artista. + + + +Editando áudio + +Para edição de arquivos de áudio, Kubuntu fornece o Audacity, um completo software livre e de código aberto. Para usar o Audacity: + + +Instalar Audacity do gerenciador de pacotes + + +Execute Audacity vá para Lançador de aplicações KickoffAplicativosMultimídiaAudacity. + + +Instruções detalhadas (incluindo tutoriais e links) sobre o uso do Audacity pode ser encontrada, vá para AjudaConteúdo a partir do Audacity. + + + + + +Gerenciando e organizando arquivos de música + +Além de ser o leitor de música do Kubuntu, o Kubuntu é útil para gerenciar coleções de música. Quando o Amarok for iniciado pela primeira vez, ele irá pedir o diretório principal que contém seus arquivos de música. Quaisquer arquivos de música suportados presentes no diretório selecionado serão adicionados ao banco de dados do Amarok. Alterações posteriormente introduzidas nesse diretório serão refletidas no Amarok. Inicie o Amarok indo para Lançador de aplicações KickoffAplicativosMultimídiaLeitor de música (Amarok). +Outro item útil que faz parte do Amarok é o editor de etiquetas ID3 para editar os metadados de arquivos de música. Para obter mais informações sobre o editor, por favor consulte o Manual do Amarok. + + + +Tempo do iPod + +Outra característica interessante Amarok é a capacidade de reproduzir músicas diretamente de um iPod. Amarok também pode ser usado para transferir arquivos de música e de um iPod. Por favor, consulte o Amarok Handbook para obter mais informações sobre a transferência e gerenciamento de arquivos de mídia do iPod. + + + +Gravando CDs de áudio + + +Quando um CD de áudio é inserido, o Kubuntu irá reconhecê-lo, montá-lo, e depois perguntar o que fazer com o CD. Escolha Criar um CD de áudio com o K3B e pressione OK. Isto irá abrir o K3b, o CD e DVD, e oferecer várias opções. + + +Para iniciar o K3b manualmente, vá paraLançador de aplicações KickoffAplicativosMultimídiaQueima de CD e DVD (K3b). + + +Selecione Novo projeto de CD de áudio no menu suspenso Novo projeto. + + +Dentro do K3b, procure e selecione as faixas a serem copiadas. Em seguida, arraste e solte as faixas na área branca na parte inferior da janela do K3b. + + + + +Janela do projeto K3b + + +Janela do projeto K3b + + + + +Pressione o botão Gravar quando todas as faixas forem escolhidas. + + +Várias opções são oferecidas dentro da janela Gravação. + +Gravando - oferece opções relacionadas com a queima de uma imagem a partir dos arquivos selecionados na etapa anterior. Sem suporte ao MP3 por padrão +MP3 é um protocolo limitado por patentes. Caso deseje usá-lo com o K3b, por favor, consulte as informações no final deste processo. + + + +Imagem - fornece configurações para gravar uma imagem em um local no disco usando as faixas selecionadas. + + +CD-Texto - fornece campos de entrada para serem adicionadas etiquetas de artistas e título ao CD. + + +Avançado - oferece opção para normalizar o volume, se as faixas selecionadas têm diferentes níveis de volume. + + + + +Quando todas as definições estiverem completas, pressione o botão Gravar. + + +K3b pode extrair arquivos de áudio para os seguintes formatos: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis é um formato de compressão de áudio, livre de patentes, que geralmente oferece melhor qualidade e maior compressão do que o MP3. Consulte o site do Vorbis para mais informações. + + +FLAC - O Free Lossless Audio Codec FLAC pode comprimir arquivos de áudio em até 50% sem remover qualquer informação do fluxo do áudio. Para obter mais informações sobre este formato, consulte a página do FLAC no sourceforge.net. + + +WAV - Wav é um formato de áudio sem compressão que pode ser compactado em OGG Vorbis ou em um codec de sua escolha. Muitas vezes, é editado em aplicações como o Audacity, antes de ser compactado. + + +Os arquivos de áudio de um CD podem ser extraídos para o formato proprietário, não-livre, MP3 usando o codificador lame. Por favor, consulte a documentação Adicionando aplicativos para ajuda sobre como instalar aplicações, tais como o lame. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/ru/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/ru/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/ru/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/ru/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,547 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Редактирование, управление и воспроизведение аудио в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ о различных звуковых возможностях, которые предлагает Kubuntu. + + + + +Воспроизведение компакт-дисков +Amarok это приложение Kubuntu для воспроизведения аудио CD. Когда CD вставлен, Kubuntu распознает его и отобразит параметры по умолчанию. Чтобы воспроизвести содержимое CD, при помощи Amarok, выберите Воспроизвести Аудио CD с Amarok и нажмите кнопку OK. Amarok может быть настроен помнить это действие, выберите Всегда выполнять для этого медиа типа, и нажмите OK. Amarok содержит и другие полезные функции. При подключении к интернету, Amarok будет получать имя исполнителя и название песни с freedb.org. Он также может скачивать тексты песен, если они имеются, выбрав в нём вкладку Текст песни. А выбрав вкладку Википедия он покажет другую информацию об исполнители с Википедии. + + + +Редактирование звука + +Для редактирования звуковых файлов, Kubuntu предлагает Audacity, полнофункциональное приложение с открытым исходным кодом. Для использования Audacity: + + +Установите Audacity, с помощью менеджера пакетов + + +Запустите Audacity, перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияМультимедиаAudacity. + + +Подробные инструкции (в том числе учебники и веб-ссылки), по использованию Audacity можно найти, перейдя СправкаСодержаниеAudacity. + + + + + +Управление и организация музыкальных файлов + + +In addition to being the Kubuntu music player, +Amarok is is helpful for managing music +collections. When Amarok is started for the first +time, it will ask for the primary directory that contains music files. Any +supported music files in that directory will be added to the +Amarok database. Subsequent changes made to that +directory will be reflected in Amarok. Start +Amarok by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaMusic Player (Amarok). + +Еще одна полезная возможность Amarok является встроенный редактор ID3-тегов для редактирования метаданных в музыкальных файлах. Для более подробной информации о редакторе, обратитесь к Справочнику по Amarok. + + + +Время iPod + +Ещё одной интересной возможностью Amarok является способность воспроизводить музыку прямо с iPod. Amarok также может быть использован и для передачи музыкальных файлов из iPod. Пожалуйста, обратитесь к Справочнику по Amarok для получения дополнительной информации о передаче и управлении мультимедийными файлами iPod. + + + +Запись аудио CD + + +Когда аудио CD вставлен, Kubuntu распознает его, подключит, а затем спросить, что делать с CD. Выберите Создание аудио CD, при помощи K3b и нажмите OK. Будет открыт K3b, CD и DVD Kreator, и предложит различные варианты. + + +Для запуска K3b вручную, перейдите Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияМультимедиаCD & DVD Burning (K3b). + + +Выберите Новый проект Audio CD в выпадающем меню Больше действий.... + + +В K3b, просмотрите и выберите песни для записи. Затем перетащите песню в нижнюю часть программы на белую область K3b. + + + + +Окно K3b + + +Окно K3b + + + + +Нажмите кнопку Записать, когда выберите все песни. + + +Некоторые варианты предлагаемые в окне Записи. + +Запись - предоставляет выбор, связанных с записью образов из файлов, выбранных на предыдущем шаге. Нет поддержки MP3 по умолчанию +MP3 это протокол ограниченный патентами. Для того, чтобы использовать его в K3b, обратитесь к информации в конце этой процедуры. + + + +Образ - предоставляет настройки размещения образа для временного хранения. + + +CD-текст - предоставляет добавление имени исполнителя и название CD. + + +Дополнительно - предоставляет возможность нормализации уровня громкости, если записываемые песни имеют различные уровни громкости. + + + + +Когда все настройки будут закончены, нажмите кнопку Записать. + + +K3b может извлекать звуковые файлы в следующие форматы: + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg Vorbis является свободным форматом сжатия звука, который обеспечивает более высокое качество и большее сжатие, чем MP3. Для получения дополнительной информации смотрите веб-сайт Vorbis + + +FLAC - The Free Lossless Audio +CodecFLAC can compress audio files up to 50% without removing +any information from the audio stream. For more information on this format, see +the FLAC homepage on +sourceforge.net. + + + +WAV - Wav is an +uncompressed audio format that can be compressed into OGG Vorbis or a codec of +your choice. It is often edited in applications such as Audacity before being +compressed. + + + + +CD audio files can be extracted to the proprietary, non-free +MP3 lossy format by using the +lame encoder. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help with installing applications such as lame. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/sk/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/sk/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/sk/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/sk/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,638 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editing, Managing, and Playing Audio in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about the various audio features that Kubuntu offers. + + + + + +Playing CDs + +Amarok is the Kubuntu application for +playing audio CDs. When a CD is inserted, +Kubuntu will recognize it and display default options. To hear the content +with Amarok, select Play Audio CD with +Amarok and then press OK button. +Amarok can be configured to remember this choice +every time a CD is inserted by selecting Always do +this for this type of media, and pressing OK. +Amarok offers other useful features. If connected to +the Internet, Amarok will retrieve +CD artist, title, and track data from freedb.org. It will also download the lyrics +for the current selection if they are available by choosing the +Lyrics tab. Other Artist information can be found on Wikipedia by selecting the +Artist tab. + + + + +Editing Audio + + +For editing audio files, Kubuntu provides Audacity, +a full-featured, free and open source software application. To use +Audacity: + + + + +Install Audacity from the package manager + + + + +Run Audacity by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaAudacity. + + + + +Detailed instructions (including tutorials and weblinks) on using +Audacity can be found by going to + +Help +Contents + from within Audacity. + + + + + + +Managing and Organizing Music Files + + +In addition to being the Kubuntu music player, +Amarok is is helpful for managing music +collections. When Amarok is started for the first +time, it will ask for the primary directory that contains music files. Any +supported music files in that directory will be added to the +Amarok database. Subsequent changes made to that +directory will be reflected in Amarok. Start +Amarok by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaMusic Player (Amarok). + + +Another useful Amarok feature is the built-in ID3 +tag editor for editing the metadata of music files. For more information +on the editor, please refer to Amarok +Handbook. + + + + +iPod Time + + +Another exciting Amarok feature is the ability to +play music directly from an iPod. Amarok can also be +used to transfer music files to and from an iPod. Please refer to the Amarok Handbook for more information on +transferring and managing iPod media files. + + + + +Burning Audio CDs + + + +When an audio CD is inserted, Kubuntu will +recognize it, mount it, and then ask what to do with the CD. +Choose Create an audio CD with K3B and press +OK. This will open +K3b, the CD and +DVD Kreator, and provide various options. + + + + +To start K3b manually, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaCD & DVD Burning (K3b). + + + + +Select New Audio CD Project in the New +Project dropdown menu. + + + + +Inside K3b, browse and select the tracks to be +ripped. Then drag and drop the tracks in the white area at the bottom of the +K3b window. + + + + + +K3b project window + + +K3b project window + + + + + + +Press the Burn button when all tracks have been chosen. + + + + +Several options are offered inside the Burning window. + + + +Writing - provides choices related to burning an image from +the files selected in the previous step. +No MP3 Support by Default + +MP3 is a protocol restricted by patents. In order to use it +with K3b, please refer to the information at the end +of this procedure. + + + + + + +Image - provides settings to write an image to a location +on the disk using the selected tracks. + + + + +CD-Text - provides input fields to add artists and title +tags to the CD. + + + + +Advanced - provides a choice to normalize volume if the +selected tracks have different volume levels. + + + + + + + +When all settings are complete, press the Burn +button. + + + + +K3b can extract audio files to the following formats: + + + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg +Vorbis is a patent-free lossy audio compression format which usually produces +higher quality and greater compression than MP3. See the Vorbis website for more information. + + + +FLAC - The Free Lossless Audio +CodecFLAC can compress audio files up to 50% without removing +any information from the audio stream. For more information on this format, see +the FLAC homepage on +sourceforge.net. + + + +WAV - Wav is an +uncompressed audio format that can be compressed into OGG Vorbis or a codec of +your choice. It is often edited in applications such as Audacity before being +compressed. + + + + + +CD audio files can be extracted to the proprietary, non-free +MP3 lossy format by using the +lame encoder. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help with installing applications such as lame. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/sr/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/sr/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/sr/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/sr/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,638 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editing, Managing, and Playing Audio in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about the various audio features that Kubuntu offers. + + + + + +Playing CDs + +Amarok is the Kubuntu application for +playing audio CDs. When a CD is inserted, +Kubuntu will recognize it and display default options. To hear the content +with Amarok, select Play Audio CD with +Amarok and then press OK button. +Amarok can be configured to remember this choice +every time a CD is inserted by selecting Always do +this for this type of media, and pressing OK. +Amarok offers other useful features. If connected to +the Internet, Amarok will retrieve +CD artist, title, and track data from freedb.org. It will also download the lyrics +for the current selection if they are available by choosing the +Lyrics tab. Other Artist information can be found on Wikipedia by selecting the +Artist tab. + + + + +Editing Audio + + +For editing audio files, Kubuntu provides Audacity, +a full-featured, free and open source software application. To use +Audacity: + + + + +Install Audacity from the package manager + + + + +Run Audacity by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaAudacity. + + + + +Detailed instructions (including tutorials and weblinks) on using +Audacity can be found by going to + +Help +Contents + from within Audacity. + + + + + + +Managing and Organizing Music Files + + +In addition to being the Kubuntu music player, +Amarok is is helpful for managing music +collections. When Amarok is started for the first +time, it will ask for the primary directory that contains music files. Any +supported music files in that directory will be added to the +Amarok database. Subsequent changes made to that +directory will be reflected in Amarok. Start +Amarok by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaMusic Player (Amarok). + + +Another useful Amarok feature is the built-in ID3 +tag editor for editing the metadata of music files. For more information +on the editor, please refer to Amarok +Handbook. + + + + +iPod Time + + +Another exciting Amarok feature is the ability to +play music directly from an iPod. Amarok can also be +used to transfer music files to and from an iPod. Please refer to the Amarok Handbook for more information on +transferring and managing iPod media files. + + + + +Burning Audio CDs + + + +When an audio CD is inserted, Kubuntu will +recognize it, mount it, and then ask what to do with the CD. +Choose Create an audio CD with K3B and press +OK. This will open +K3b, the CD and +DVD Kreator, and provide various options. + + + + +To start K3b manually, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaCD & DVD Burning (K3b). + + + + +Select New Audio CD Project in the New +Project dropdown menu. + + + + +Inside K3b, browse and select the tracks to be +ripped. Then drag and drop the tracks in the white area at the bottom of the +K3b window. + + + + + +K3b project window + + +K3b project window + + + + + + +Press the Burn button when all tracks have been chosen. + + + + +Several options are offered inside the Burning window. + + + +Writing - provides choices related to burning an image from +the files selected in the previous step. +No MP3 Support by Default + +MP3 is a protocol restricted by patents. In order to use it +with K3b, please refer to the information at the end +of this procedure. + + + + + + +Image - provides settings to write an image to a location +on the disk using the selected tracks. + + + + +CD-Text - provides input fields to add artists and title +tags to the CD. + + + + +Advanced - provides a choice to normalize volume if the +selected tracks have different volume levels. + + + + + + + +When all settings are complete, press the Burn +button. + + + + +K3b can extract audio files to the following formats: + + + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg +Vorbis is a patent-free lossy audio compression format which usually produces +higher quality and greater compression than MP3. See the Vorbis website for more information. + + + +FLAC - The Free Lossless Audio +CodecFLAC can compress audio files up to 50% without removing +any information from the audio stream. For more information on this format, see +the FLAC homepage on +sourceforge.net. + + + +WAV - Wav is an +uncompressed audio format that can be compressed into OGG Vorbis or a codec of +your choice. It is often edited in applications such as Audacity before being +compressed. + + + + + +CD audio files can be extracted to the proprietary, non-free +MP3 lossy format by using the +lame encoder. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help with installing applications such as lame. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/sv/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/sv/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/sv/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/sv/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Redigera, hantera och uppspelning av ljud i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument handlar om olika ljudfunktioner som Kubuntu tillhandahåller. + + + + +Spela CD-skivor + +Amarok is the Kubuntu application for +playing audio CDs. When a CD is inserted, +Kubuntu will recognize it and display default options. To hear the content +with Amarok, select Play Audio CD with +Amarok and then press OK button. +Amarok can be configured to remember this choice +every time a CD is inserted by selecting Always do +this for this type of media, and pressing OK. +Amarok offers other useful features. If connected to +the Internet, Amarok will retrieve +CD artist, title, and track data from freedb.org. It will also download the lyrics +for the current selection if they are available by choosing the +Lyrics tab. Other Artist information can be found on Wikipedia by selecting the +Artist tab. + + + + +Redigera ljud + +För att redigera ljudfiler tillhandahållerKubuntu, Audacity, en funktionsrik, fri och öppen källkods program. För att använda Audacity: + + +Installera Audacity från pakethanteraren + + +Starta Audacity genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramMultimediaAudacity. + + +Detaljerade instruktioner (inklusive guider och länkar) för att använda Audacity går att hitta genom att klicka på HjälpInnehåll inuti Audacity. + + + + + +Hantera och organisera musikfiler + + +In addition to being the Kubuntu music player, +Amarok is is helpful for managing music +collections. When Amarok is started for the first +time, it will ask for the primary directory that contains music files. Any +supported music files in that directory will be added to the +Amarok database. Subsequent changes made to that +directory will be reflected in Amarok. Start +Amarok by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaMusic Player (Amarok). + + +Another useful Amarok feature is the built-in ID3 +tag editor for editing the metadata of music files. For more information +on the editor, please refer to Amarok +Handbook. + + + + +iPod Time + + +Another exciting Amarok feature is the ability to +play music directly from an iPod. Amarok can also be +used to transfer music files to and from an iPod. Please refer to the Amarok Handbook for more information on +transferring and managing iPod media files. + + + + +Bränn musikskivor + + + +When an audio CD is inserted, Kubuntu will +recognize it, mount it, and then ask what to do with the CD. +Choose Create an audio CD with K3B and press +OK. This will open +K3b, the CD and +DVD Kreator, and provide various options. + + + + +To start K3b manually, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaCD & DVD Burning (K3b). + + + + +Select New Audio CD Project in the New +Project dropdown menu. + + + + +Inside K3b, browse and select the tracks to be +ripped. Then drag and drop the tracks in the white area at the bottom of the +K3b window. + + + + + +K3b projektfönster + + +K3b projektfönster + + + + + + +Press the Burn button when all tracks have been chosen. + + + + +Several options are offered inside the Burning window. + + + +Writing - provides choices related to burning an image from +the files selected in the previous step. +Inget stöd för MP3 som standard + +MP3 is a protocol restricted by patents. In order to use it +with K3b, please refer to the information at the end +of this procedure. + + + + + + +Image - provides settings to write an image to a location +on the disk using the selected tracks. + + + + +CD-Text - provides input fields to add artists and title +tags to the CD. + + + + +Advanced - provides a choice to normalize volume if the +selected tracks have different volume levels. + + + + + + + +When all settings are complete, press the Burn +button. + + + +K3b kan lagra ljudfiler till följande format: + + +Ogg Vorbis - Ogg +Vorbis is a patent-free lossy audio compression format which usually produces +higher quality and greater compression than MP3. See the Vorbis website for more information. + + + +FLAC - The Free Lossless Audio +CodecFLAC can compress audio files up to 50% without removing +any information from the audio stream. For more information on this format, see +the FLAC homepage on +sourceforge.net. + + + +WAV - Wav is an +uncompressed audio format that can be compressed into OGG Vorbis or a codec of +your choice. It is often edited in applications such as Audacity before being +compressed. + + + + +CD audio files can be extracted to the proprietary, non-free +MP3 lossy format by using the +lame encoder. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help with installing applications such as lame. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/uk/audio.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/uk/audio.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/audio/uk/audio.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/audio/uk/audio.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Редагування, впорядкування та відтворення звукових даних у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено відомості щодо різноманітних можливостей роботи зі звуковими даними, передбачених у Kubuntu. + + + + +Відтворення компакт-дисків +Amarok — типова програма для відтворення звукових компакт-дисків у Kubuntu. Після того, як ви вставите компакт-диск у лоток, Kubuntu виконає його розпізнавання і покаже типовий набір можливих дій. Відтворити вміст компакт-диска у Amarok можна за допомогою вибору пункту Відтворити звуковий КД у Amarok, а потім натисніть кнопку Гаразд. Amarok можна налаштувати так, що система запам’ятає ваш вибір і завжди відкриватиме цю програму після розпізнавання звукового компакт-диска. Достатньо просто позначити пункт Завжди виконувати цю дію для подібних носіїв і натиснути кнопку Гаразд. У Amarok передбачено багато інших корисних можливостей. Якщо комп’ютер з’єднано з мережею інтернет, Amarok може отримувати дані щодо виконавця, назви альбому та даних композиції з freedb.org. Програма також здатна звантажувати слова пісень до поля віджета Текст пісні. Відомості щодо виконавця з Вікіпедії можна переглянути у віджеті Вікіпедія. + + + +Редагування звукових даних + +Для редагування звукових файлів у Kubuntu призначено Audacity, редактор з широкими можливостями та вільним відкритим кодом. Щоб мати змогу користуватися Audacity: + + +Встановіть Audacity за допомогою програми для керування пакунками + + +Запустіть Audacity за допомогою пункту меню засіб для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиЗвук та відеоAudacity. + + +Докладні настанови (зокрема покрокові інструкції та посилання на підручники у інтернеті) щодо використання Audacity можна відкрити за допомогою пункту ДовідкаВміст меню програми Audacity. + + + + + +Впорядкування файлів музичних даних + +Окрім того, що Amarok є програвачем звукових даних Kubuntu, програма корисна для впорядкування музичних збірок. Після першого запуску Amarok запропонує вам визначитися з основною текою, де зберігатимуться музичні файли. Всі файли, підтримку яких передбачено у програмі буде додано до бази даних Amarok. Програма у автоматичному режимі слідкуванатиме за змінами у цих теках. Запустити Amarok можна за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиЗвук та відеоАудіопрогравач (Amarok). +Ще однією корисною можливістю Amarok є вбудований редактор міток ID3 для редагування метаданих музичних файлів. Докладніше про програму можна дізнатися зі сторінки Amarok на UserBase. + + + +Робота з iPod + +Ще однією чудовою можливістю у Amarok є можливість відтворювати звукові файли безпосередньо з iPod. Крім того, Amarok здатен переносити звукові файли з і на iPod. Докладніше про перенесення і керування файлами на iPod можна дізнатися зі сторінки Amarok на UserBase.. + + + +Запис звукових компакт-дисків + + +Після того, як у лоток пристрою буде вставлено компакт-диск, Kubuntu розпізнає його, змонтує і запитає вас про подальші дії з компакт-диском. Виберіть пункт Створити аудіо-КД за допомогою K3B і натисніть кнопку Гаразд. У відповідь система відкриє вікно програми K3b, програми для запису компакт-дисків та DVD, і запропонує вам налаштувати запис. + + +Щоб запустити K3b вручну, скористайтеся пунктом меню засобу запуску програм KickoffПрограмиЗвук та відеоЗапис дисків (K3b). + + +Виберіть пункт Новий проект аудіо-КД зі спадного меню Новий проект. + + +У K3b знайдіть на диску композиції, дані яких слід видобути. Потім перетягніть позначені пункти композицій у порожню область у нижній частині вікна K3b. + + + + +Вікно проекту K3b + + +Вікно проекту K3b + + + + +Після завершення вибору всіх доріжок натисніть кнопку Записати. + + +Доступ до деяких параметрів запису можна отримати за допомогою вікна Запис. + +Запис — пропонує варіанти, пов’язані з записом образу з файлів, вказаних на попередньому кроці. За типових налаштувань MP3 не відтворюється +MP3 — формат запису даних, який має патентні обмеження. Якщо ви хочете скористатися саме цим форматом у K3b, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з настановами, наведеними нижче у цій інструкції. + + + +Образ — містить пункти параметрів запису образу за певною адресою на диску на основі позначених композицій. + + +КД-текст — пропонує поля для визначення міток виконавців та назв пісень на компакт-диску. + + +Додатково — пропонує можливість нормалізувати гучність, якщо гучність композицій є різною. + + + + +Коли вибір параметрів буде завершено, натисніть кнопку Записати. + + +K3b може видобувати звукові дані у таких форматах: + +Ogg Vorbis — Ogg Vorbis є вільним від патентних обмежень форматом запису звукових даних з втратою якості, який зазвичай створює файли кращої якості за однакового розміру з файлами формату MP3. Докладніше про цей формат можна дізнатися з сайта Vorbis. + + +FLAC — Free Lossless Audio Codec або FLAC надає змогу стискати звукові дані до 50% від початкового об’єму без втрати якості звукового потоку. Докладніше про цей формат запису можна дізнатися з домашньої сторінки FLAC на sourceforge.net. + + +WAV — Wav є форматом зберігання звукових даних без стискання. Дані у такому форматі можна згодом стиснути за допомогою OGG Vorbis або іншого кодека. Часто такі дані перед стисканням редагують у спеціальних програмах, наприклад, Audacity. + + +Дані звукового компакт-диска можна видобути у закритому форматі зберігання звукових даних з втратами, MP3, за допомогою бібліотеки кодування lame. Щоб дізнатися більше про те, як встановлювати програми, зокрема lame, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/de/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/de/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/de/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/de/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-Grundlagen +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument stellt die Grundlagen des Kubuntu-Systems vor. + + + + + +Befehlszeile oder Terminal +Lesen Sie bitte das Kapitel über die Befehlszeile. + + + + +Dateisystem + +Um ein komplettes Verständnis des Linux-Dateisystems zu erhalten, wird empfohlen, die Linux Filesystem Hierarchy-Dokumentation (Englisch) auf The Linux Documentation Project zu lesen. + +Ein Dateisystem ist eine Methode, Dateien zu speichern und zu organisieren - nicht nur in Linux, sondern auch in anderen Betriebssystemen. In Linux sind die meisten Dateien reguläre Dateien, außer Verzeichnisse, spezielle Dateien, Links, Sockets und benannte Pipes. +Wenn man ein Terminal öffnet (in Kubuntu wird dies Konsole genannt) und ls / eingibt, wird eine Liste, vergleichbar mit folgender angezeigt: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Nicht alle Listen sehen exakt so aus, wie die oben gezeigte. + +Es folgt eine Übersicht über die Dateien und Verzeichnisse, die oben aufgelistet wurden. +Überblick Dateisysteme +bin + +Beinhaltet Befehlszeilenkommandos die für Systemadministratoren (die volle Zugriffsrechte besitzen) und für normale Benutzer (die eingeschränkte Zugriffsrechte besitzen) nützlich sind. Die Befehle in diesem Verzeichnis sind unerlässlich zum Betrieb eines Linuxsystems. Einige der Befehle im bin-Verzeichnis sind bash, ls, cp und cat. + + +boot + +Beinhaltet die Dateien, die für den Bootprozess (Hochfahren des Systems) notwendig sind. Im Falle von Kubuntu beinhaltet es die Dateien für den GRUB-Bootloader, Master Boot Records, map-Dateien und den Linux-Kernel. + + +cdrom + +Ein symlink oderr symbolischer Link zu /media/cdrom, welches selbst wiederum ein symlink zu /media/cdrom0 ist. Wenn eine CD in das CDROM-Laufwerk eingelegt wird, wird der Inhalt der CD im /media/cdrom0-Verzeichnis zur Verfügung gestellt. + + +dev + +Speicherstelle von speziellen oder Gerätedateien. Beispielsweise ist /dev/sda0 die erste Partition auf der Festplatte. + + +etc + +Beinhaltet alle Konfigurationsdateien, die im Zusammenhang mit dem System bestehen. Sie werden benutzt um den Ablauf von Programmen zu steuern. + + +home + +Beinhaltet einen persönlichen Ordner für jeden Benutzer auf dem System. Ein persönlicher Ordner eines Benutzers kann persönliche Konfigurationsdateien und Dateien wie Dokumente, Musik, Videos und andere benutzerdefinierte Verzeichnisse und Dateien beinhalten. + + +initrd.img + +Ein symlink zu /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version> das für den Systemstart benötigt wird. + + +lib + +Beinhaltet die Kernelmodule zusätzlich zu »shared library images«, die benötigt werden, um das System zu booten und Befehle auszuführen. + + +lib32 + +Das selbe wie lib oben, allerdings beinhaltet dies nur die 32-bit Versionen. + + +lib64 + +Das selbe wie lib oben, allerdings beinhaltet dies nur die 64-bit Versionen. + + +lost+found + +Beinhaltet die Ergebnisse jeder Wiederherstellungsoperation durch unsachgemäßes Ausschaltet oder einen Systemabsturz. + + +media + +Beinhaltet die Unterverzeichnisse, die als Mountpunkte (Einhängepunkte) von Wechseldatenträgern, wie CD-ROM-Laufwerke, USB-Festplatten oder Diskettenlaufwerken dienen. + + +mnt + +Allgemeiner Mountpunkt für Dateisysteme oder Geräte. In den meisten Fällen ist /media dort, wo die meisten Geräte automatisch eingehängt werden. + + +opt + +Kurz für optional. Dieses Verzeichnis wird für Zusatzpakete verwendet, die im Allgemeinen vom Benutzer manuell installiert werden. + + +proc + +Virtuelles Dateisystem, das die Laufzeitinformationen des Systems in einer dateiartigen Struktur enthält. + + +root + +Das Heimatverzeichnis des Systemadministrators auch bekannt als root + + +sbin + +Beinhaltet Programme, die für das Arbeiten mit dem System erforderlich sind, wie zum Beispiel fdisk, ifconfig, reboot, und shutdown. + + +selinux + +Ein Pseudo-Dateisystem, das die vom Kernel-Subsystem genutzten Befehle für die erweiterte Sicherheitsfunktion von Linux enthält. + + +srv + +Enthält seitenspezifische Daten, die vom System bedient werden. + + +sys + +Enthält den Linuxkernel, Firmware und systemrelevante Dateien. + + +tmp + +Enthält Dateien, die zeitweilig benötigt werden. Viele Programme nutzten dieses Verzeichnis um Sperrdateien zu erstellen und zur temporären Speicherung von Daten. + + +usr + +Enthält die meisten geteilten Dateien im System, unter anderem die nur lesbaren Dateien, so wie Daten und Programme und Binärdateien, Dokumentation, Bibliotheken, Headerdateien und mehr. + + +var + +Enthält variable Dateien wie etwa den Systemprotokolle, Mail und Drucker-Sammelverzeichnisse, so wie flüchtige und temporäre Dateien. + + +vmlinuz + +Ein symlink um die Größe des ausfürbaren Linuxkernels zu verringern. + + + + + + + +Benutzer und Gruppen +Da Linux ein echtes Mehr-Benutzer-System ist, sind die Prinzipien von Benutzern und Gruppen wichtig für beides, die internen Operationen des Systems, sowie die tagtägliche Benutzung des Systems. Die Behandlung von Benutzern und Gruppen in Linux ist der Grund dafür, dass es eines der sichersten Betriebssysteme ist. + +Benutzer +Es gibt zwei verschiedene Benutzertypen: + + +Physische Benutzer sind Leute, die das System physisch verwenden. Sie haben Benutzer-IDs die gewöhnlich einzigartig sind, ebenso wie Gruppen-IDs. + + +Logische Benutzer sind nicht an eine Person sondern an eine Systemfunktion gebunden. Diese werden von Programmen genutzt um spezifische Aufgaben zu erledigen. Dienste, Mail, Nachrichten sind Beispiele für logische Benutzer. + + + + +Gruppen +Gruppen dienen der logischen Organisation. Sie fassen Benutzer zusammen und stellen gruppenbasierte statt nutzerbasierte Berechtigungen zur Verfügung. Allgemeine Gruppen umfassen Systemverwaltung, Audio, Mail. + + + + + +Berechtigungen +In einer Mehrbenutzerumgebung ist die Sicherheit des Benutzers und der Systemdaten wichtig. Linux hat drei spezifische, oder verschiedene, Klassen: + + +r - lesen Erlaubnis, eine Datei zu lesen. + + +w - schreiben Erlaubnis, eine Datei zu ändern. + + +x - ausführen Erlaubnis, eine Datei auszuführen. + + +Die Liste hierüber zeigt die symbolische Beschreibung jedes Rechts in fett gedrucktem Text. Jedes Recht hat ebenso eine oktale Schreibweise: + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Beispiel für Rechte +Um Rechte zu sehen , tippen Sie ls -l ~/. Das wird eine Liste der Verzeichnisse und Dateien im Heimatverzeichnis des aktuellen Nutzters ausgeben. Zum Beispiel: +drwxr-xr-x 2 benutztername benutztergruppe 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Dokumente + Die erste Spalte, die drwxr-xr-x enthält, kann folgendermaßen interpretiert werden: + + + + + + + + +Dateityp +Benutzerrechte +Gruppenberechtigungen +Andere Berechtigungen + + + + +d - Verzeichnis +rwx - Lesen, Schreiben und Ausführen Rechte für den Benutzer. +r-x - Lesen and Ausführen Rechte für die Gruppe. +r-x - Lesen and Ausführen Rechte für alle Anderen. + + + + + + +Oktal zu Symbolischer Zusammenfassung + + + + +Oktal +Symbolisch +Beschreibung + + + + +0 +--- +Keine Rechte + + +1 +--x +Nur ausführen + + +2 +-w- +Nur Schreiben + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Schreiben und Ausführen + + +4 +r-- +Nur Lesen + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Lesen und Ausführen + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Lesen und Schreiben + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Lesen, Schreiben und Ausführen + + + + + + + + + +Prozesse +Prozesse sind Beispiele von laufenden Computerprogrammen. Neben Dateien sind Prozesse der zweitwichtigste Teil des Linux-Systems. +Prozesse in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> überwachen +Systemauslastung + +StrgEsc startet KDE' s Systemüberwachungs-Dialog, wo Prozesse überwacht und beendet werden können. + + +Befehlszeile + +ps - Öffnen Sie Konsole indem Sie Kickoff AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemTerminal (Konsole)wählen und geben Sie ps ein. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/es/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/es/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/es/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/es/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Lo básico de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento introduce las bases del sistema Kubuntu el cual es útil para iniciarse conh Kubuntu. + + + + + +Línea de órdenes o terminal +Vea el tema que cubre la Línea de órdenes. + + + + +Sistema de archivos + +Para comprender completamente el sistema de archivos de Linux, una lectura recomendada está en la documentación de Jerarquía de sistema de archivos de Linux, ubicada en el Proyecto de documentación de Linux. + +Un sistema de archivos es un método de almacenamiento y organización de archivos, no sólo en Linux sino también en otros sistemas operativos. En Linux, la mayoría de los archivos son archivos comunes, excepto los directorios, archivos especiales, vínculos, zócalos, y tuberías nombradas. La mayoría de los tipos de archivo comunes con los que los usuarios interactúan son archivos comunes, directorios y vínculos. +Abriendo una terminal (en Kubuntu se llama Konsole) y tecleando ls / aparecerá una lista similar a la siguiente: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +No todas las listas aparecerán exactamente como la anterior. + +Lo siguiente es un resumen de los archivos o directorios mencionados anteriormente. +Resumen del sistema de archivos +bin + +Contiene órdenes de terminal que son útiles para los administradores del sistema (con privilegios de acceso total) y para los usuarios normales (con privilegios de acceso limitados). Las órdenes de este directorio son esenciales para el funcionamiento de un sistema Linux. Algunas de las órdenes del directorio bin son bash, ls, cp, y cat. + + +boot + +Contiene los archivos necesarios para el proceso de arranque. En el caso de Kubuntu, contiene los archivos del gestor de arranque GRUB, registros maestros de arranque, archivos de mapas, y el núcleo de Linux. + + +cdrom + +Un symlink o enlace simbólico a /media/cdrom, es en sí mismo un symlink a /media/cdrom0. Si se inserta un CD en la unidad de CDROM, el contenido del CD estará disponible en el directorio /media/cdrom0. + + +dev + +Ubicación de archivos especiales o de dispositivos. Por ejemplo, /dev/sda0 es la primera partición en el disco duro. + + +etc + +Contiene todos los archivos de configuración del sistema, usados para controlar la operación de los programas. + + +home + +Contiene el directorio home para cada usuario del sistema. Un directorio home de usuario puede contener archivos de configuraciones personales y archivos tales como documentos, música, vídeos y otros directorios y archivos definidos por el usuario. + + +initrd.img + +Un enlace simbólico a /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version> que se requiere para el inicio del sistema. + + +lib + +Contiene los módulos del núcleo, además de imágenes de bibliotecas compartidas necesarias para arrancar el sistema y ejecutar órdenes. + + +lib32 + +Igual que lib pero contiene sólo versiones de 32-bit. + + +lib64 + +Igual que lib pero contiene sólo las versiones de 64-bit + + +lost+found + +Contiene los resultados de cualquier operación de recuperación debido a un apagado incorrecto del sistema o a un fallo del sistema. + + +media + +Contiene los subdirectorios que se utilizan como puntos de montaje para medios extraíbles, como discos CD-ROM, discos USB, discos flexibles. + + +mnt + +Punto de montaje genérico para sistemas de archivos o dispositivos. En la mayoría de los casos, /media es donde la mayoría de los dispositivos se montan automáticamente. + + +opt + +Abreviatura de opcional. Este directorio es utilizado para paquetes adicionales que son generalmente instalados manualmente por el usuario. + + +proc + +Sistema de archivos virtual que contiene información del sistema de ejecución que está presente en un estructura como de archivos. + + +root + +El directorio de inicio del administrador del sistema, conocido como root. + + +sbin + +Contiene programas que son esenciales para el funcionamiento del sistema, como fdisk, ifconfig, reboot, y shutdown. + + +selinux + +Un pseudo-sistema de archivos que contiene las órdenes utilizadas por el subsistema del núcleo para la función de Security-Enhanced Linux. + + +srv + +Contiene datos específicos del sitio que estan servidos por el sistema. + + +sys + +Contiene el núcleo de Linux, firmware y archivos relacionados con el sistema. + + +tmp + +Contiene archivos que son necesarios temporalmente. Algunos programas pueden usar este directorio para crear archivos de bloqueo y almacenar datos temporalmente. + + +usr + +Contiene la mayor parte de los datos del sistema, incluyendo los datos de usuario de sólo lectura, así como los archivos y programas, como los binarios de dichos programas, documentación, bibliotecas, archivos de cabecera, y mucho más. + + +var + +Contiene datos variables como archivos de registro de eventos del sistema, directorios de las colas de impresión y de envío de correos electrónicos, así como archivos perecederos y temporales. + + +vmlinuz + +Un symlink (vínculo simbólico) a un ejecutable comprimido del núcleo de Linux. + + + + + + + +Usuarios y grupos +Debido a que Linux es realmente un sistema multiusuario, las reglas tanto de usuarios como de grupos son importantes para las operaciones internas del sistema, e incluso para el uso diario del sistema. La gestión de usuarios y grupos de Linux es la razón por la que es uno de los sistemas operativos más seguros. + +Usuarios +Hay dos tipos diferentes de usuarios + + +Los Usuarios físicos son personas que utilizan el sistema físicamente. Tienen ID de usuario que suelen ser únicos, así como ID de grupo. + + +Los Usuarios lógicos no están vinculados a una persona, sino que están vinculados a una función del sistema usada por las aplicaciones para realizar tareas específicas. Demonios, correo, noticias, son ejemplos de usuarios lógicos. + + + + +Grupos +Los grupos son expresiones lógicas de organización. Agrupan a los usuarios y permiten administrar los permisos por grupos, en vez de por usuarios. Algunos grupos comunes son admin, audio, mail. + + + + + +Permisos +En un entorno multiusuario, la seguridad de los datos del usuario y el sistema es importante. Linux tiene tres clases específicas, o diferentes: + + +r - permiso de lectura que garantiza la capacidad de leer un archivo. + + +w - permiso de escritura que garantiza la capacidad de modificar un archivo. + + +x - permiso de ejecución que garantiza la capacidad de ejecutar un archivo. + + +La lista que sigue muestra la notación simbólica para cada permiso en negrita. Cada permiso también puede estar en notación octal: + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Ejemplos de permisos +Para ver los permisos, escriba ls -l ~/ lo que mostrará una lista de los directorios y archivos en el actual directorio home del usuario. Por ejemplo: +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documentos + La primera columna, que contiene drwxr-xr-x, puede interpretarse de la siguiente manera: + + + + + + + + +Tipo de archivo +Permisos del usuario +Permisos de grupo +Otros permisos + + + + +d - directorio +rwx - lectura, escritura y ejecución permisos para el usuario. +r-x - lectura y ejecución permisos para el grupo. +r-x - lectura y ejecución permisos para todos los demás. + + + + + + +Resumen de octal a simbólico + + + + +Octal +Simbólico +Descripción + + + + +0 +--- +Sin permisos + + +1 +--x +Ejecutar sólo + + +2 +-w- +Sólo escritura + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Escritura y ejectución + + +4 +r-- +Sólo lectura + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Leer y ejecutar + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Leer y escribir + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Leer, escribir y ejecutar + + + + + + + + + +Procesos +Los procesos son instancias de un programa en ejecución. A continuación de los archivos, los procesos son la segunda parte más importante de un sistema Linux. +Ver procesos en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Actividad del sistema + +CtrlEsc - Inicia el cuadro de diálogo Actividad del Sistema de KDE donde se pueden ver y matar los procesos. + + +Línea de órdenes + +ps - Abrir Konsole yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaTerminal (Konsole) y escriba: ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/et/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/et/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/et/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/et/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> põhitõed +&legalnotice; + +See dokument tutvustab Kubuntu süsteemi põhiasju, mis on Kubuntuga alustamiseks kasulikud. + + + + + +Käsurida või terminal +Palun vaata teemat Käsurida. + + + + +Failisüsteem + +Linuxi failisüsteemi täielikuks mõistmiseks on soovitatav lugeda Linuxi failisüsteemi hierarhia dokumentatsiooni, mida pakub Linuxi dokumentatsiooni projekt. + +Failisüsteem on moodus failide hoidmiseks ja korrastamiseks, mitte ainult Linuxis vaid ka teistes operatsioonisüsteemides. Linuxis on enamik faile tavalised failid, välja arvatud kataloogid, erifailid, lingid, soklid ja nimelised torud. Kõige levinumad failitüübid, millega kasutajad kokku puutuvad, on tavalised failid, kataloogid ja lingid. +Terminali (Kubuntus nimetatakse seda Konsooliks) ja käsu ls / trükkimine kuvab sarnase loendi: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Kõik loendid ei näe välja täpselt nagu ülaltoodud näide. + +Järgnev on ülevaade ülal loetletud failidest või kataloogidest. +Failisüsteemi ülevaade +bin + +Sisaldab terminälikäske, mis on kasulikud süsteemiadministraatoritele (kellel on täielik ligipääs) ja tavakasutajatele (kellel on piiratud ligipääs). Selles kataloogis asuvad käsud on Linuxi süsteemi töötamiseks hädavajalikud. Mõned käsud bin kataloogis on bash, ls, cp, ja cat. + + +boot + +Sisaldab alglaadimise protsessi jaoks vajalikke faile. Kubuntu puhul sisaldab see GRUB alglaaduri faile, peabuutsektoreid, kaardifaile ja Linux kernelit. + + +cdrom + +symlink või sümboolne link asukohta /media/cdrom, mis ise on symlink asukohta /media/cdrom0. Kui CD sisestatakse CDROM seadmesse, on selle CD sisu saadaval kataloogis /media/cdrom0. + + +dev + +Eriliste või seadmefailide asukoht. Näiteks /dev/sda0 on kõvakettal esimene kettajagu. + + +etc + +Sisaldab kõiki süsteemiseadistuste faile, mida kasutatakse programmide tegevuse juhtimiseks. + + +home + +Sisaldab iga süsteemi kasutaja kodukatoloogi. Kasutaja kodukataloog võib sisaldada isiklikke seadistusfaile ja dokumente, muusikat, videoid ning muid kasutaja määratud katalooge ja faile. + + +initrd.img + +symlink failini /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version>, mis on vajalik süsteemi käivitumiseks. + + +lib + +Sisaldab kernelimooduleid, alglaadimiseks vajalikke teegitõmmiseid ja käivituskäske. + + +lib32 + +Sama, mis lib ülalpool, kuid sisaldab ainult 32-bitiseid versioone. + + +lib64 + +Sama, mis lib ülalpool, aga sisaldab ainult 64-bitiseid versioone. + + +lost+found + +Sisaldab valest väljalülitamisest või krahhist taastamise tulemusi. + + +media + +Sisaldab alamkatalooge, mida kasutatakse haakepunktidena eemaldatavate andmekandjate jaoks nagu CDROM-id, USB kettad, disketid. + + +mnt + +Üldine haakepunkt failisüsteemide või seadmete jaoks. Enamikel juhtudel ühendatakse enamik seadmeid automaatselt kataloogiga /media. + + +opt + +Lühend sõnast optional (valikuline). Seda kataloogi kasutatakse lisapakettide jaoks, mille tavaliselt paigaldab kasutaja käsitsi. + + +proc + +Virtuaalne failisüsteem, mis sisaldab käitusaegset süsteemiteavet, mis esitatakse faililaadses struktuuris. + + +root + +Süsteemiadministraatori ehk juurkasutaja (root) kodukataloog. + + +sbin + +Sisaldab süsteemi töötamiseks hädavajalikke programme nagu fdisk, ifconfig, reboot ja shutdown. + + +selinux + +Pseudo-failisüsteem, mis sisaldab kerneli alamsüsteemi kasutatavaid käske parandatud turvalisusega Linuxi omaduse jaoks. + + +srv + +Sisaldab saidispetsiifilisi andmeid, mida süsteem teenindab. + + +sys + +Sisaldab Linuxi kernelit, püsivara ja süsteemiga seotud faile. + + +tmp + +Sisaldab ajutisi faile. Paljud programmid kasutavad seda kataloogi lukufailide loomiseks ja andmete ajutiseks hoidmiseks. + + +usr + +Sisaldab süsteemi kõige suuremat andmekogu, kaasa arvatud ainult lugemisõigustega kasutajaandmeid ning faile ja programmid, samuti programmide binaarfailid, dokumentatsioon, teegid, päisefailid ja muu. + + +var + +Sisaldab muutuvaid andmeid, nagu süsteemi logifailid, e-posti ja printeri puhvrikatalooge, seondatud ning ajutisi faile. + + +vmlinuz + +symlink kokkupakitud käivitatavale Linuxi kerneli failile. + + + + + + + +Kasutajad ja grupid +Kuna Linux on tõeline mitme-kasutaja süsteem, on nii kasutajate kui ka gruppide põhimõtted tähtsad süsteemi sisemiseks toimimiseks ja selle igapäevaseks kasutamiseks. Linuxi kasutajate ja gruppide käsitlemisviis on põhjus, miks see on üks turvalisemaid operatsioonisüsteeme. + +Kasutajad +On kahte erinevat tüüpi kasutajaid: + + +Füüsilised kasutajad on inimsed, kes süsteemi füüsiliselt kasutavad. Neil on kasutaja ID-d, mis on tavaliselt ainulaadsed, nagu ka grupi ID-d. + + +Loogilised kasutajad pole seotud inimesega, vaid hoopis süsteemifunktsiooniga, mida rakendused kasutavad kindlate toimingute sooritamiseks. Loogiliste kasutajate näited on deemonid, e-post, uudised. + + + + +Grupid +Grupid on organisatsiooni loogilised väljendused. Need seovad kasutajad kokku ja pakuvad grupipõhiseid õigusi kasutajapõhiste asemel. Tavaliste gruppide hulka kuuluvad admin, audio, mail. + + + + + +Õigused +Mitme-kasutajaga keskonnas on oluline turvalisus ja süsteemiandmed. Linuxil on kolm kindlat klassi: + + +r - lugemisõigus, mis lubab faili lugeda. + + +w - kirjutusõigus, mis lubab faili muuta. + + +x - käivitusõigus, mis lubab faili käivitada. + + +Ülalolev loend näitab iga rasvases kirjas oleva õiguse sümboolset esitust. Igal õigusel on samuti ka kaheksandkujul esitus: + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Õiguste näide +Õiguste vaatamiseks trüki ls -l ~/, mis kuvab loendi kõigist failidest ja kataloogidest praeguse kasutaja kodukataloogis. Näiteks: +drwxr-xr-x 2 kasutajanimi kasutajagrupp 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Dokumendid + Esimest veergu, mis sisaldab drwxr-xr-x, saab tõlgendada järgmiselt: + + + + + + + + +Failitüüp +Kasutajaõigused +Grupi õigused +Teiste õigused + + + + +d - kataloog +rwx - read (lugemine), write (kirjutamine) ja execute (käivitamine) õigused kasutajale. +r-x - read (lugemine) ja execute (käivitamine) õigused grupile. +r-x - read (lugemine) and execute (käivitamine) õigused kõigile teistele. + + + + + + +Kaheksandsüsteemist sümboolseks kokkuvõteks + + + + +Kaheksandsüsteem +Sümboolne +Kirjeldus + + + + +0 +--- +Õigused puuduvad + + +1 +--x +Ainult käivitamiseks + + +2 +-w- +Ainult kirjutusõigus + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Kirjutamiseks ja käivitamiseks + + +4 +r-- +Ainult lugemiseks + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Lugemis- ja käivitusõigus + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Lugemis- ja kirjutusõigus + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Lugemis-, kirjutamis- ja käivitusõigus + + + + + + + + + +Protsessid +Protsessid on töötavate arvutiprogrammide eksemplarid. Failide kõrval on protsessid Linuxis tähtsuselt teisel kohal. +Protsesside vaatamine <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>s +Süsteemi tegevus + +CtrlEsc - käivitab KDE Süsteemi tegevuse dialoogi, kust saab protsesse vaadata ja lõpetada. + + +Käsurida + +ps - Ava Konsool: Kickoffi rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTerminal (Konsool) ja trüki: ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/fr/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/fr/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/fr/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/fr/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Les bases de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document présente les principes de base du système d'exploitation Kubuntu, les plus utiles pour faire vos premiers pas avec Kubuntu. + + + + + +Ligne de commande ou terminal +Veuillez consulter la rubrique consacrée à la ligne de commande + + + + +Système de fichiers + +Pour une description complète de la hiérarchie du système de fichiers Linux, vous pouvez consulter le guide Linux Filesystem Hierarchy (non traduit à l'heure actuelle) hébergé par le projet de documentation Linux. + +Un système de fichiers permet de stocker et d'organiser les fichiers. C'est un concept universel commun à tous les systèmes d'exploitation. Sous Linux, la plupart des fichiers sont des fichiers normaux à l'exception des dossiers, fichiers spéciaux, liens, sockets et des tubes nommés (named pipes). En général les utilisateurs n'interagissent qu'avec les fichiers normaux, les dossiers et les liens. +Si vous ouvrez un terminal (l'applicationKonsole sous Kubuntu) et tapezls /. Vous obtiendrez la liste suivante : +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Ce que vous obtiendrez ne correspond pas forcément exactement à la liste ci-dessus. + +Voici une description des fichiers et dossiers listés ci-dessus. +Arborescence des fichiers et dossiers +bin + +Il contient les commandes utiles aux administrateurs (qui y ont un accès total) et aux utilisateurs (qui y ont un accès limité). Les commandes présentes dans ce dossier sont essentielles au fonctionnement d'un système Linux. On y trouve notamment bash, ls, cp, et cat + + +boot + +Il contient les fichiers nécessaires au processus de démarrage. Dans le cas de phrase>Kubuntu + + +cdrom + +Il s'agit d'un lien symbolique vers /media/cdrom, qui est lui même un lien symbolique pointant vers le dossier /media/cdrom0. Lorsque un CD est placé dans le lecteur de CDROM son contenu sera disponible dans le dossier /media/cdrom0. + + +dev + +C'est l'emplacement des fichiers spéciaux de périphériques. Par exemple, /dev/sda0 correspond à la première partition du disque dur. + + +etc + +Il contient tous les fichiers de configuration pour l'ensemble du système, utilisés pour contrôler le fonctionnement des applications. + + +home + +Il contient un dossier personnel pour chaque utilisateur du système. Un dossier personnel peut contenir les fichiers de configuration pour l'utilisateur ainsi que les documents, fichiers audio, vidéo et tout autre dossier ou fichier créé par l'utilisateur. + + +C'est le système de fichiers racine initial qui sert à amorcer le noyau. C'est aussi une copie du fichier référencé dans /etc/elilo.conf. Dans une installation standard Debian, ce serait le fichier dans le répertoire /boot, pointé par le lien symbolique /initrd.img. + +Un lien symbolique vers /dev/sda0 nécessaire au démarrage du système. + + +lib + +Il contient les modules du noyau ainsi que les bibliothèques partagées nécessaire au démarrage du système et à l'exécution de commandes. + + +lib32 + +Il est similaire à lib mais ne contient que les version 32-bit. + + +lib64 + +Il est similaire à lib mais ne contient que les versions 64-bit. + + +lost+found + +Il contient les traces des opérations de récupération effectuées à la suite d'un arrêt inopiné ou d'une extinction brutale. + + +media + +Il contient les dossiers utilisé comme points de montage pour les périphériques amovibles tels que les CD, disques ou clés USB, disquettes, etc. + + +mnt + +Point de montage générique pour les périphériques ou systèmes de fichiers. Dans la plupart des cas, les périphériques seront montés automatiquement dans /media. + + +opt + +Abréviation pour optionnel, ce dossier est utilisé pour des paquets supplémentaires installés manuellement par l'utilisateur. + + +proc + +Système de fichiers virtuel contenant des informations sur l'exécution des processus présentées sous forme d'arborescence de fichiers et dossiers. + + +root + +Le dossier personnel de l'administrateur du système identifié par root. + + +sbin + +Il contient des programmes indispensables au fonctionnement du système, tels que fdisk, ifconfig, reboot, et shutdown + + +selinux + +Un pseudo système de fichiers contenant les commandes utilisées par le sous-système du noyau pour la fonction « Security-Enhanced Linux » (sécurité améliorée pour Linux). + + +srv + +Il contient des données spécifiques servies par le système. + + +sys + +Il contient le noyau Linux, les micro-logiciels et des fichiers liés au système. + + +tmp + +Il contient les fichiers temporaires. De nombreux programmes utilisent ce dossier pour créer des fichiers verrou et y stocket des données temporairement. + + +usr + +C'est celui qui contient la plus grande quantité de données sur le sytème. On y trouve les exécutables et les bibliothèques des programmes, la documentation, les fichiers d'en-têtes, etc. accessibles en lecture seule pour les utilisateurs. + + +var + +Il contient les données variables, telles que les fichiers journaux, les files d'attente de courriel et d'impression ainsi que des fichiers temporaires et transitoires. + + +C'est le noyau compressé. C'est aussi la copie du fichier référencé dans /etc/elilo.conf. Dans une installation standard Debian, ce serait le fichier dans le répertoire /boot, pointé par le lien symbolique /vmlinuz. + +Un lien symbolique vers un exécutable compressé du noyau Linux. + + + + + + + +Utilisateurs et groupes +Linux étant un véritable système multi-utilisateurs, les concepts d'utilisateurs et de groupes sont fondamentaux pour le fonctionnement interne du système mais aussi pour son usage au quotidien. C'est grâce à gestion des utilisateurs et des groupes que Linux est l'un des systèmes les plus sécurisés. + +Utilisateurs +Il existe deux types différents d'utilisateurs. + + +Les utilisateurs physiques correspondent aux personnes qui utilisent le système. Ils possèdent un identifiant utilisateur (UID), généralement unique, et un identifiant de groupe (GID). + + +Les utilisateurs logiques ne correspondent pas à des personnes mais à des fonctions du système utilisées par les applications pour accomplir certaines tâches. Les démons, « mail », « news » sont des exemples d'utilisateurs logiques. + + + + +Groupes +Les groupes expriment une organisation logique. Ils rassemblent des utilisateurs et permettent une gestion des droits d'accès au niveau du groupe plutôt qu'au niveau de l'utilisateur. Par exemple, admin, audio, mail sont des groupes courants. + + + + + +Droits d'accès +Dans un environnement multi-utilisateurs, la sécurité des données personnelles est importante. Linux utilise trois types de droits distincts : + + +r - le droit de lecture (read) permettant de lire un fichier. + + +w - le droit d'écriture (write) vous permettant de modifier un fichier. + + +x - le droit d'exécution permission vous permettant d'exécuter un fichier (script ou programme). + + +La liste ci-dessous indique la notation symbolique de chaque droit en gras. Chaque droit peut également utiliser une notation octale : + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Exemple de droits d'accès +Pour afficher les droits d'accès, tapez ls -l ~/. Ceci affichera une liste des fichiers et dossiers de votre répertoire personnel. Par exemple : +drwxr-xr-x 2 utilisateur groupe 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + La première colonne contenant drwxr-xr-x s'interprète ainsi : + + + + + + + + +Type de fichier +Droits de l'utilisateur +Droits du groupe +Droits du reste du monde + + + + +d - dossier +Droits en rwx - lecture (read), écriture (write) and exécution pour l'utilisateur. +Droits en r-x - lecture (read) and exécution pour le groupe. +Droits en r-x - lecture (read) and exécution pour le reste du monde. + + + + + + +Notation octale et symbolique + + + + +Octal +Symbolique +Description + + + + +0 +--- +Aucun droit + + +1 +--x +Exécution uniquement + + +2 +-w- +Écriture seule + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Écriture et exécution + + +4 +r-- +Lecture seule + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Lecture et exécution + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Lecture et écriture + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Lecture, écriture et exécution + + + + + + + + + +Processus +Les processus sont les instances des programmes en cours d'exécution. Les processus constituent l'un des fondamentaux des systèmes Linux. +Affichage des processus sous phrase>Kubuntu +Activité du système + +Les touches CtrlEsc ouvrent l'application KDEActivité du système. Elle affiche les processus et permet de les tuer. + + +Ligne de commandes + +ps - Lancez Konsole en allant dans le lanceur d'applicationsApplicationsSystèmeTerminal (Konsole) et tapez : ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/gl/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/gl/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/gl/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/gl/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,922 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Basics of <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document introduces the basics of the Kubuntu system, which are useful +for getting started with Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Command Line or Terminal + +Please see the topic covering the Command Line. + + + + + +File System + + +To get a complete understanding of the Linux file system, recommended reading is +the Linux +Filesystem Hierarchy documentation hosted by The Linux Documentation Project. + + + +A filesystem is a method of storing and organizing files, not only in Linux +but also in other computer operating systems. In Linux, most files are +regular files, except directories, +special files, links, +sockets, and named pipes. The most +common filetypes that users interact with are regular files, directories and +links. + + +Opening a terminal (in Kubuntu this is +called Konsole) and typing +ls / +brings up a list similar to the following: + +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + + + +Not all lists will look exactly like the one above. + + + +The following is an overview of the files or directories listed above. + +Filesystem Overview +bin + + +Contains terminal commands that are useful to system administrators (who have +full access privileges) and to regular users (who have limited access +privileges). The commands in this directory are essential to the +operation of a Linux system. Some of the commands in the bin directory are bash, +ls, cp, and cat. + + + +boot + + +Contains the files required for the boot process. In the case of Kubuntu, it +contains the files for the GRUB boot-loader, master +boot records, map files, and the Linux kernel. + + + +cdrom + + +A symlink or symbolic link to /media/cdrom, which itself is a +symlink to /media/cdrom0. If a CD is placed +into the CDROM drive, the contents of that CD will be +available in /media/cdrom0 directory. + + + +dev + + +Location of special or device files. For example, +/dev/sda0 is the first partition on the +hard drive. + + + +etc + + +Contains all system-related configuration files, used to control +the operation of programs. + + + +home + + +Contains a home directory for each user on the system. A user's home directory +can contain personal configuration files and files such as documents, music, +video, and other user-defined directories and files. + + + +initrd.img + + +A symlink to /boot/initrd.img-<kernel +version> which is required for system startup. + + + +lib + + +Contains the kernel modules in addition to shared library images needed to boot +the system and run commands. + + + +lib32 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +32-bit versions. + + + +lib64 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +64-bit versions. + + + +lost+found + + +Contains the results of any recovery operation due to an improper shutdown of +the system or a system crash. + + + +media + + +Contains the subdirectories which are used as mount points for removable media +such as CDROM drives, USB disks, floppy +disks. + + + +mnt + + +Generic mount point for filesystems or devices. In most cases, /media is where most devices will be automounted. + + + +opt + + +Short for optional. This directory is used for add-on packages +that are typically installed manually by the user. + + + +proc + + +Virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information which is presented +in a file-like structure. + + + +root + + +The home directory of the system administrator known as root. + + + +sbin + + +Contains programs that are essential to the working of the system, such as +fdisk, ifconfig, +reboot, and shutdown. + + + +selinux + + +A pseudo-filesystem containing the commands used by the kernel subsystem for the +Security-Enhanced Linux feature. + + + +srv + + +Contains site-specific data which is served by the system. + + + +sys + + +Contains the Linux kernel, firmware and system-related files. + + + +tmp + + +Contains files that are required temporarily. Many programs use this directory +to create lock files and for temporary storage of data. + + + +usr + + +Contains the largest share of data on the system, including read-only user +data, as well as files and programs and such as program binaries, documentation, +libraries, header files, and more. + + + +var + + +Contains variable data such as system log files, mail and printer spool +directories, as well as transient and temporary files. + + + +vmlinuz + + +A symlink to a compressed executable of the Linux kernel. + + + + + + + + +Users and Groups + +Since Linux is a true multi-user system, the principles of both +users and groups are important to the +internal operation of the system, and also to the day-to-day use of the system. +Linux handling of users and groups is the reason it is one of the most secure +operating systems. + + +Users + +There are two different types of users: + + + + +Physical Users are people who use the system +physically. They have user IDs which are usually unique, as well as group IDs. + + + + +Logical Users are not tied to a person, but +instead are tied to a system function that are used by applications to perform +specific tasks. Daemons, mail, news are examples of logical users. + + + + + +Groups + +Groups are logical expressions of organization. They tie users together and +provide group-based, rather than user-based permissions. Common groups +include admin, +audio, mail. + + + + + + +Permissions + +In a multi-user environment, security of user and system data is important. +Linux has three specific, or distinct, classes: + + + + +r - read permission +which grants the ability to read a file. + + + + +w - write permission +which grants the ability to modify a file. + + + + +x - execute permission +which grants the ability to execute a file. + + + + +The list above shows the symbolic notation of each permission in bold text. Each permission also has an octal notation: + + + + +r - 4 + + + + +w - 2 + + + + +x - 1 + + + + +Permissions Example + +To view permissions, type +ls -l ~/ +which will output a list of the directories and files in the current user's home +directory. For example: + +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + +The first column, which contains drwxr-xr-x, +can be interpreted as follows: + + + + + + + + + +File Type +User Permissions +Group Permissions +Others Permissions + + + + + +d - directory + + +rwx - read, +write and execute permissions for the +user. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for the group. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for all others. + + + + + + + +Octal to Symbolic Summary + + + + +Octal +Symbolic +Description + + + + +0 +--- +No permissions + + +1 +--x +Execute only + + +2 +-w- +Write only + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Write and Execute + + +4 +r-- +Read only + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Read and Execute + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Read and Write + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Read, Write, and Execute + + + + + + + + + +Processes + +Processes are instances of computer programs that are running. Next to files, +processes are the second most important part of the Linux system. + +Viewing Processes in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +System Activity + + +CtrlEsc - Starts +KDE' s System Activity dialog where processes +can be viewed and killed. + + + +Command Line + + +ps - Open Konsole by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole) and type: +ps + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/it/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/it/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/it/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/it/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +I fondamenti di <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento introduce i fondamenti del sistema Kubuntu, utili per muovere i primi passi al suo interno. + + + + + +Riga di comando o Terminale +Fate riferimento all'argomento Riga di comando. + + + + +Filesystem + +Per avere una completa comprensione del filesystem Linux, si raccomanda la lettura del documento Linux Filesystem Hierarchy, ospitato nel Progetto di documentazione Linux. + +Un filesystem è un metodo di memorizzazione e organizzazione dei file, non solo in Linux ma anche in altri sistemi operativi per computer. In Linux, la maggior parte dei file sono file regolari, ad eccezione delle directory, i file speciali, i collegamenti, i socket e i named pipe. La maggior parte di tipi di file comuni con cui l'utente interagisce sono file regolari, directory e collegamenti. +Quando aprite un terminale (in Kubuntu è chiamato Konsole) e digitate ls /, si otterrà un elenco simile al seguente: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Non tutti gli elenchi saranno esattamente a quello mostrato in alto. + +La seguente descrizione è una panoramica dei file o delle directory elencate sopra. +Panoramica del filesystem +bin + +Contiene i comandi di terminale utili agli amministratori del sistema (che hanno privilegi di accesso completi) e agli utenti normali (che hanno privilegi di accesso limitati). I comandi in questa directory sono essenziali alle operazioni di un sistema Linux. Alcuni dei comandi nella directory bin sono bash, ls, cp, e cat. + + +boot + +Contiene i file richiesti per il processo di avvio. Nel caso di Kubuntu, contiene i file per il boot loader GRUB, i master boot record, i file map e il kernel Linux. + + +cdrom + +Un symlink o collegamento simbolico a /media/cdrom, che a sua volta è un symlink a /media/cdrom0. Se un CD viene inserito nel dispositivo CDROM, il contenuto di quel CD sarà disponibile nella directory /media/cdrom0. + + +dev + +Luogo per file speciali o di dispositivo. Per esempio, /dev/sda0 è la prima partizione sul disco rigido. + + +etc + +Contiene tutti i file di configurazione relativi al sistema, usati per controllare il funzionamento dei programmi. + + +home + +Contiene una directory principale per ciascun utente nel sistema. Una directory home di un utente può contenere file di configurazione personale e file come documenti, musica, video e altre cartelle e file definiti dall'utente. + + +initrd.img + +Un symlink a /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version>, richiesto per l'avvio del sistema. + + +lib + +Contiene i moduli kernel in aggiunta alle immagini di libreria condivise necessarie per l'avvio del sistema e l'esecuzione di comandi. + + +lib32 + +Lo stesso di lib di cui sopra, ma contenente solo le versioni a 32 bit. + + +lib64 + +Lo stesso di lib di cui sopra, ma contenente solo le versioni a 64 bit. + + +lost+found + +Contiene i risultati di qualsiasi operazione di recupero dovuta a uno spegnimento improprio o un blocco del sistema. + + +media + +Contiene le directory secondarie utilizzate come punti di montaggio per i dispositivi rimovibili, tipo dispositivi CDROM, dischi USB, dischi floppy. + + +mnt + +Punto di montaggio generico per filesystem o dispositivi. Nella maggior parte dei casi, è /media dove la maggioranza dei dispositivi sarà montata automaticamente. + + +opt + +Abbreviazione per optional (opzionale). Questa directory è usata per i pacchetti aggiuntivi che sono tipicamente installati manualmente dall'utente. + + +proc + +Filesystem virtuale che contiene informazioni di sistema al momento dell'esecuzione, presentate con una struttura simile a file. + + +root + +La directory principale dell'amministratore del sistema conosciuta come radice. + + +sbin + +Contiene programmi essenziali al funzionamento del sistema, tipo fdisk, ifconfig, reboot e shutdown. + + +selinux + +Uno pseudo-filesystem contenente i comandi usati dal sottosistema kernel per la funzionalità Security-Enhanced Linux. + + +srv + +Contiene i dati specifici del sito che viene servito dal sistema. + + +sys + +Contiene il kernel Linux, il firmware e i file di sistema. + + +tmp + +Contiene i file richiesti temporaneamente. Molti programmi utilizzano questa directory per creare i file di blocco e per la memorizzazione temporanea dei dati. + + +usr + +Contiene la porzione maggiore dei dati nel sistema, incluso i dati dell'utente di sola lettura e file e programmi come gli eseguibili, la documentazione, le librerie, i file header e altro ancora. + + +var + +Contiene i dati variabili come i file di registro di sistema, le directory di posta e di coda della stampante, come pure pure i file transienti e temporanei. + + +vmlinuz + +Un symlink a un eseguibile compresso del kernel Linux. + + + + + + + +Utenti e gruppi +Poiché Linux è un vero sistema multiutente, entrambi i concetti di utente e di gruppo sono importanti sia per le operazioni interne del sistema, sia per il suo uso quotidiano. La sua gestione degli utenti e dei gruppi è la ragione per la quale Linux è uno dei sistemi operativi più sicuri. + +Utenti +Esistono due diversi tipi di utenti: + + +Gli utenti fisici sono persone che utilizzano fisicamente il sistema. Essi posseggono un identificativo utente che in genere è univoco, così come l'identificativo di gruppo. + + +Gli utenti logici non sono legati a una persona ma a una funzione del sistema utilizzata dalle applicazioni per eseguire determinati compiti. Demoni, posta, notizie sono esempi di utenti logici. + + + + +Gruppi +I gruppi sono espressioni logiche di organizzazioni. Essi collegano gli utenti e forniscono permessi basati sul gruppo, piuttosto che sull'utente. I gruppi comuni includono admin, audio, posta. + + + + + +Permessi +In un ambiente multiutente, la sicurezza dell'utente e dei dati del sistema è importante. Linux ha tre specifiche, o distinte, classi: + + +r - read permesso che garantisce la capacità di leggere un file. + + +w - write permesso che garantisce la capacità di modificare un file. + + +x - execute permesso che garantisce la capacità di eseguire un file. + + +L'elenco sopra mostra la notazione simbolica di ciascun permesso in grassetto. Ciascun permesso ha anche una notazione ottale: + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Esempio di permessi +Per visualizzare i permessi, digitare ls -l ~/ che restituirà a video un elenco delle directory e dei file nella directory principale (home) dell'utente attivo. Per esempio: +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documenti + La prima colonna, che contiene drwxr-xr-x, può essere interpretata come segue: + + + + + + + + +Tipo di file +Permessi utente +Permessi gruppo +Altri permessi + + + + +d - directory +rwx - read - lettura, write - scrittura e execute - esecuzione permessi per l'utente. +r-x - read - lettura e execute - esecuzione permessi per il gruppo. +r-x - read - lettura e execute - esecuzione permessi per tutti gli altri. + + + + + + +Riepilogo da ottale a simbolico + + + + +Ottale +Simbolico +Descrizione + + + + +0 +--- +Nessun permesso + + +1 +--x +Solo esecuzione + + +2 +-w- +Solo scrittura + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Scrittura ed esecuzione + + +4 +r-- +Solo lettura + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Lettura ed esecuzione + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Lettura e scrittura + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Lettura, scrittura ed esecuzione + + + + + + + + + +Processi +I processi sono istanze di programmi in esecuzione. Subito dopo i file, i processi sono la seconda parte più importante del sistema Linux. +Visualizzare i processi in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Attività di sistema + +CtrlEsc - avvia la finestra Attività di sistema di KDE, in cui è possibile visualizzare e terminare i processi. + + +Riga di comando + +ps - aprite Konsole da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaTerminale (Konsole) e digitate: ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/ja/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/ja/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/ja/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/ja/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,901 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> の基本 +&legalnotice; + +このドキュメントでは Kubuntu を使い始めるに当たって有益な情報となる、 Kubuntu システムの基本について紹介します。 + + + + + +コマンドラインや端末 + +Please see the topic covering the Command Line. + + + + + +ファイルシステム + +Linuxのファイルシステムを完璧に理解するためには、Linux ドキュメンテーション・プロジェクトによるLinux ファイルシステムの階層を読むことをお勧めします。 + + +A filesystem is a method of storing and organizing files, not only in Linux +but also in other computer operating systems. In Linux, most files are +regular files, except directories, +special files, links, +sockets, and named pipes. The most +common filetypes that users interact with are regular files, directories and +links. + +端末を開き (Kubuntu では Konsole と呼ばれています） ls / と入力すると以下のようなリストが表示されます: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +すべてのリストが上のものと全く同じになるとは限りません。 + +次に先ほどリストに表示されたファイルやディレクトリを簡単に説明します。 +ファイルシステムの概略 +bin + + +Contains terminal commands that are useful to system administrators (who have +full access privileges) and to regular users (who have limited access +privileges). The commands in this directory are essential to the +operation of a Linux system. Some of the commands in the bin directory are bash, +ls, cp, and cat. + + + +boot + + +Contains the files required for the boot process. In the case of Kubuntu, it +contains the files for the GRUB boot-loader, master +boot records, map files, and the Linux kernel. + + + +cdrom + + +A symlink or symbolic link to /media/cdrom, which itself is a +symlink to /media/cdrom0. If a CD is placed +into the CDROM drive, the contents of that CD will be +available in /media/cdrom0 directory. + + + +dev + + +Location of special or device files. For example, +/dev/sda0 is the first partition on the +hard drive. + + + +etc + + +Contains all system-related configuration files, used to control +the operation of programs. + + + +home + + +Contains a home directory for each user on the system. A user's home directory +can contain personal configuration files and files such as documents, music, +video, and other user-defined directories and files. + + + +initrd.img + + +A symlink to /boot/initrd.img-<kernel +version> which is required for system startup. + + + +lib + + +Contains the kernel modules in addition to shared library images needed to boot +the system and run commands. + + + +lib32 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +32-bit versions. + + + +lib64 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +64-bit versions. + + + +lost+found + + +Contains the results of any recovery operation due to an improper shutdown of +the system or a system crash. + + + +media + + +Contains the subdirectories which are used as mount points for removable media +such as CDROM drives, USB disks, floppy +disks. + + + +mnt + + +Generic mount point for filesystems or devices. In most cases, /media is where most devices will be automounted. + + + +opt + + +Short for optional. This directory is used for add-on packages +that are typically installed manually by the user. + + + +proc + + +Virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information which is presented +in a file-like structure. + + + +root + + +The home directory of the system administrator known as root. + + + +sbin + + +Contains programs that are essential to the working of the system, such as +fdisk, ifconfig, +reboot, and shutdown. + + + +selinux + + +A pseudo-filesystem containing the commands used by the kernel subsystem for the +Security-Enhanced Linux feature. + + + +srv + + +Contains site-specific data which is served by the system. + + + +sys + + +Contains the Linux kernel, firmware and system-related files. + + + +tmp + + +Contains files that are required temporarily. Many programs use this directory +to create lock files and for temporary storage of data. + + + +usr + + +Contains the largest share of data on the system, including read-only user +data, as well as files and programs and such as program binaries, documentation, +libraries, header files, and more. + + + +var + + +Contains variable data such as system log files, mail and printer spool +directories, as well as transient and temporary files. + + + +vmlinuz + + +A symlink to a compressed executable of the Linux kernel. + + + + + + + + +ユーザとグループ + +Since Linux is a true multi-user system, the principles of both +users and groups are important to the +internal operation of the system, and also to the day-to-day use of the system. +Linux handling of users and groups is the reason it is one of the most secure +operating systems. + + +ユーザ +2つの異なった種類のユーザがあります: + + + +Physical Users are people who use the system +physically. They have user IDs which are usually unique, as well as group IDs. + + + + +Logical Users are not tied to a person, but +instead are tied to a system function that are used by applications to perform +specific tasks. Daemons, mail, news are examples of logical users. + + + + + +グループ + +Groups are logical expressions of organization. They tie users together and +provide group-based, rather than user-based permissions. Common groups +include admin, +audio, mail. + + + + + + +パーミッション + +In a multi-user environment, security of user and system data is important. +Linux has three specific, or distinct, classes: + + + + +r - read permission +which grants the ability to read a file. + + + + +w - write permission +which grants the ability to modify a file. + + + + +x - execute permission +which grants the ability to execute a file. + + + + +The list above shows the symbolic notation of each permission in bold text. Each permission also has an octal notation: + + + + +r - 4 + + + + +w - 2 + + + + +x - 1 + + + + +Permissions Example + +To view permissions, type +ls -l ~/ +which will output a list of the directories and files in the current user's home +directory. For example: + +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + +The first column, which contains drwxr-xr-x, +can be interpreted as follows: + + + + + + + + + +ファイルタイプ +User Permissions +Group Permissions +Others Permissions + + + + +d - ディレクトリ + +rwx - read, +write and execute permissions for the +user. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for the group. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for all others. + + + + + + + +Octal to Symbolic Summary + + + + +Octal +Symbolic +Description + + + + +0 +--- +No permissions + + +1 +--x +Execute only + + +2 +-w- +Write only + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Write and Execute + + +4 +r-- +Read only + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Read and Execute + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Read and Write + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Read, Write, and Execute + + + + + + + + + +プロセス + +Processes are instances of computer programs that are running. Next to files, +processes are the second most important part of the Linux system. + +Viewing Processes in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +System Activity + + +CtrlEsc - Starts +KDE' s System Activity dialog where processes +can be viewed and killed. + + + +コマンドライン + + +ps - Open Konsole by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole) and type: +ps + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/km/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/km/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/km/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/km/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +មូលដ្ឋាន​របស់​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​​​ណែ​នាំ​អំពី​មូលដ្ឋាន​របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុន​ទូ ដែល​នឹង​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​បំផុត​សម្រាប់​ការ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដំណើរ​ការ​ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ុន​ទូ ។ + + + + + +បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ឬ​ស្ថានីយ +សូម​មើល​ប្រធាន​បទ​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ។ + + + + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ + +ដើម្បី​ទទួល​បាន​នូវ​ការ​យល់​ដឹង​ទាំង​ស្រុង​អំពី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​លីនុច​ សូម​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​ឲ្យ​អាន​ឯកសារ​ ឋានានុក្រម​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​របស់​លីនុច​ ដែល​បាន​បង្ហោះ​ដោយ​ គម្រោង​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ​របស់​លីនុច​ ។ + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​គឺ​ជា​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​នៃការ​រក្សា​ទុក និង​រៀប​ចំ​ឯកសារ ហើយ​វា​​មិន​មែន​មាន​តែ​នៅ​ក្នុង​លីនុច​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ​ទេ វា​ក៏មាន​នៅ​ក្នុងប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​របស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែរ ។ ក្នុង​លីនុច​ ឯកសារ​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ជា​ ឯកសារ​ធម្មតា​ លើក​លែង​តែ​ ថត​ ឯកសារ​ពិសេស​ តំណ​ រន្ធ​ និង​ បំពង់​ដែល​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ ។ ប្រភេទ​ឯកសារ​ទូទៅ​បំផុត​ដែល​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជា​មួយ​គឺ​ឯកសារ​ធម្មតា ថត និង​តំណ ។ +Opening a terminal (in Kubuntu this is called Konsole) and typing ls / brings up a list similar to the following: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +មិន​មែន​គ្រប់​បញ្ជី​ទាំង​អស់​មាន​រូប​រាង​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​បញ្ជី​ខាង​លើ​នោះ​ទេ ។ + +ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​ជា​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​របស់​ឯកសារ​ ឬ​ថត​ដែល​បាន​រាយ​ដូច​ខាង​លើ​ ។ +ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធឯកសារ +bin + +មាន​ពាក្យ​​បញ្ជា​ស្ថានីយ​ដែល​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍បំផុត​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ (អ្នក​ដែល​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទាំង​ស្រុង​) និង​អ្នកប្រើ​ធម្មតា​ (អ្នក​ដែល​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​ចូល​ដំណើរការ​មាន​កម្រិត​) ។ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​នេះ​មាន​សារៈ​សំខាន់​សម្រាប់​​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ការរបស់​​ប្រព័ន្ធលីនុច ។ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​មួយ​ចំនួន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ bin មាន​ដូច​ជា​ bash ls cp និង​ cat ។ + + +boot + +មាន​ឯកសារ​ដែល​បាន​ទាម​ទារ​សម្រាប់​ដំណើរការ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ។ ក្នុង​ករណី​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ វា​មាន​ឯកសារ​សម្រាប់​ GRUB boot-loader, master boot records, map files, and the Linux kernel ។ + + +cdrom + +symlink ​ឬ​ តំណ​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា​ សម្រាប់​ /media/cdrom ដែល​ខ្លួន​វា​ផ្ទាល់​ជា​ symlink សម្រាប់​ /media/cdrom0 ។ បើ​ ស៊ីឌី​ ត្រូវ​បាន​បញ្ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ដ្រាយ​ ស៊ីឌីរ៉ូម​ មាតិកា​របស់​ស៊ីឌី​នោះ​នឹង​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ /media/cdrom0 ។ + + +dev + +ទីតាំង​របស់​ឯកសារ​ឧបករណ៍​ ឬ​ឯកសារ​ពិសេស​ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ /dev/sda0 ជា​ភាគ​ថាស​ដំបូង​នៅ​លើ​ថាស​រឹង ។ + + +etc + +មាន​ឯកសារ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ទាំង​អស់ ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ ។ + + +home + +មាន​ថត​ផ្ទះ​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ម្នាក់​ៗ​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ ថត​ផ្ទះ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​អាច​មាន​ឯកសារ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​ និង​ឯកសារ​ដូច​ជា​ ឯកសារ តន្ត្រី វីដេអូ និង​ឯកសារ ហើយ​និង​ថត​ដែល​កំណត់​ដោយ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + +initrd.img + +symlink សម្រាប់​ /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version> ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ទាម​ទារ​សម្រាប់​ការចាប់​ផ្តើម​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + + +lib + +មាន​ម៉ូឌុល​ខឺណែល​ ព្រម​ទាំង​រូបភាព​​បណ្ណាល័យ​ចែក​រំលែក​ ដែល​ត្រូវ​ការ​សម្រាប់​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ប្រព័ន្ធ និង​រត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ + + +lib32 + +ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ lib ខាង​លើ​ដែរ ប៉ុន្តែ​មាន​កំណែ​ត្រឹម​តែ​ ៣២ ប៊ីត​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ + + +lib64 + +ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ lib ខាង​លើ​ដែរ ប៉ុន្តែ​មាន​កំណែ​ត្រឹម​តែ ៦៤ ប៊ីត​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ + + +lost+found + +មាន​លទ្ធផល​នៃ​ប្រតិបត្តិការសង្គ្រោះ​ណា​មួយ​ ដោយ​សារ​តែ​បិទ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​មិន​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ឬ​គាំង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +media + +មាន​ថត​រង​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ជា​ចំណុច​ម៉ោន​សម្រាប់​មេឌៀ​ចល័ត​ដូច​ជា​ដ្រាយ​ ស៊ីឌី​រូម​ ថាស​USB និង​ថាស​ទន់ ។ + + +mnt + +ចំណុច​ម៉ោន​ទូទៅ​សម្រាប់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ ឬ​ឧបករណ៍ ។ ក្នុង​ករណី​ភាគ​ច្រើ​ន​ /media ជា​កន្លែង​ដែល​​​នឹង​ត្រូវ​​​ម៉ោនឧបករណ៍​ភាគ​ច្រើន​​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ ។ + + +opt + +ខ្លី​សម្រាប់​ ជា​ជម្រើស​ ។ ថត​នេះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​កញ្ចប់កម្មវិធី​បន្ថែម​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដំឡើង​ជា​តួយ៉ាង​ដោយ​ដៃ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ។ + + +proc + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​និម្មិត​ដែល​មាន​ព័ត៌មានអំពី​​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ពេល​វេលា​រត់​ ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ក្នុង​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​​​ដូច​ឯកសារ​ ។ + + +root + +ថត​ផ្ទះ​របស់​អ្នក​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ស្គាល់​ថា​ជា​ root ។ + + +sbin + +មាន​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ចាំ​បាច់​ សម្រាប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដូច​ជា​ fdisk, ifconfig, reboot និង​ shutdown ។ + + +selinux + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ pseudo ដែល​មាន​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ដោយ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​រង​​របស់​​ខឺណែល​សម្រាប់​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​របស់​លីនុច​ដែលបាន​បង្កើន​នូវ​​កម្រិត​​សុវត្ថិភាព ។ + + +srv + +មាន​ទិន្នន័យ​ជាក់​លាក់​របស់​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ដែល​នឹងត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ដោយ​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + + +sys + +មាន​ខឺណែល​លីនុច​ កម្មវិធី​បង្កប់ និង​ឯកសារ​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +tmp + +មាន​ឯកសារ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ទាម​ទារ​បណ្តោះ​អាសន្ន​ ។ កម្មវិធី​ជា​ច្រើន​ប្រើ​ថត​នេះ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ឯកសារ​ជាប់​សោ​ និង​សម្រាប់​ការ​ផ្ទុក​ទិន្នន័យ​បណ្តោះ​អាសន្ន ។ + + +usr + +មាន​ការចែក​រំលែក​ទិន្នន័យ​ដ៏ធំ​បំផុត​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​រួម​បញ្ចូល​នូវ​ទិន្នន័យ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​បាន​តែ​អាន ព្រម​ទាំង​ឯកសារ​ និង​កម្មវិធី​ដូច​ជា​ប្រព័ន្ធ​គោល​ពីរ​របស់​កម្មវិធី និង​ឯកសារ បណ្ណា​ល័យ​ ឯកសារ​បឋម​កថា និង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ + + +var + +មាន​ទិន្នន័យ​ថេរ​ដូច​ជា​ឯកសារ​កំណត់​ហេតុ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ សំបុត្រ និង​ថត​ស្ពូល​របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ព្រម​ទាំង​ឯកសារ​បណ្តោះ​អាសន្ន​ និងឯកសារ​ដែល​មាន​រយៈ​ពេល​ខ្លី ។ + + +vmlinuz + +symlink សម្រាប់​ខឺណែល​លីនុច​ដែល​អាច​ប្រតិបត្តិបាន​ដែល​បាន​បង្ហាប់​ ​។ + + + + + + + +អ្នក​ប្រើ និង​ក្រុម +ដោយ​សារ​លីនុច​ជា​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ពហុ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ពិត​ប្រាកដ​ គោល​ការណ៍​របស់​ អ្នក​ប្រើ​ និង​ ក្រុម​ ពិត​ជា​សំខាន់​ណាស់​សម្រាប់​​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ខាង​ក្នុង​ ព្រម​ទាំងការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រចាំ​ថ្ងៃ​ ។ ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​អ្នក​ប្រើ និង​ក្រុម​របស់​លីនុច​ជា​ហេតុ​ផល​មួយ ហើយ​វា​ក៏ប្រព័ន្ធ​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ដែល​​​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​បំផុតផង​ដែរ ។ + +អ្នក​ប្រើ +មាន​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ពី​រប្រភេទ​ផ្សេង​គ្នា ៖ + + +អ្នក​ប្រើ​ហ្វីស៊ីខល​ ជា​អ្នក​ដែល​ប្រើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​តាម​បែប​ហ្វីស៊ីខល​ ។ ពួកគេ​មាន​លេខ​សម្គាល់​ដែល​ជា​ទូទៅ​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​តែ​មួយ ព្រម​ទាំងមាន​​លេខ​សម្គាល់​ក្រុមផង​ដែរ​ ។ + + +អ្នក​ប្រើ​ឡូជីខល​ មិន​មែន​សំដៅ​ទៅ​លើ​មនុស្ស​ទេ ប៉ុន្តែ ផ្ទុយ​ទៅ​វិញ​ វា​សំដៅ​ទៅ​លើ​មុខងារ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ដោយ​កម្មវិធី​ ដើម្បី​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ភារកិច្ច​ជាក់​លាក់​ ។ ដេមិន សំបុត្រ ព័ត៌មាន​គឺ​ជា​ឧទាហរណ៍​នៃ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ឡូជីខល ។ + + + + +ក្រុម +ក្រុម​គឺ​ជា​បណ្តុំ​នៃ​ការ​​រៀប​ចំ​ដែល​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ឡូជីខល ។ ពួក​វា​ចង​ភ្ជាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ​គ្នា និង​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សិទ្ធិ​​មូល​ដ្ឋានជា​ក្រុម ជាជាង​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សិទ្ធិ​មូលដ្ឋាន​ជា​អ្នក​ប្រើ​តែ​ម្នាក់​ ។ ក្រុម​ទូទៅ​រួម​មាន​ admin, audio, mail ។ + + + + + +សិទ្ធិ +ក្នុង​បរិស្ថាន​ពហុ​អ្នក​ប្រើ សុវត្ថិភាព​អ្នក​ប្រើ និង​ទិន្នន័យ​គឺ​សំខាន់​ណាស់​ ។ លីនុច​មាន​ថ្នាក់​ជាក់​លាក់ ឬ​ខុស​គ្នា​បី ៖ + + +r - សិទ្ធិ​អាន​ ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សមត្ថភាព​ក្នុង​ការ​អាន​ឯកសារ ។ + + +w - សិទ្ធិ​សរសេរ​ ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សមត្ថភាព​ក្នុង​ការ​កែ​ប្រែ​ឯកសារ​​ ។ + + +x - សិទ្ធិ​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សមត្ថភាព​ក្នុង​ការ​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ឯកសារ ។ + + +បញ្ជី​ខាង​លើ​នេះ​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ចំណារ​ដែល​ជា​​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា​នៃ​សិទ្ធិ​នីមួយ​ៗ​នៅ​ក្នុង​អត្ថបទ​ ដិត​ ។ សិទ្ធិ​នីមួយ​ៗ​ក៏​មាន​ចំណារ​គោល​ប្រាំបី​ផង​ដែរ ៖ + + +r - ៤ + + +w - ២ + + +x - ១ + + + +គំរូ​សិទ្ធិ +ដើម្បី​មើល​សិទ្ធិ​ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ ls -l ~/ ដែល​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​បញ្ជី​របស់​ថត និង​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ផ្ទះ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ៖ +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + ជួរ​ឈរ​ដំបូង ដែល​មាន​ drwxr-xr-x អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​បក​ស្រាយ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ៖ + + + + + + + + +ប្រភេទ​ឯកសារ +សិទ្ធិ​អ្នក​ប្រើ +សិទ្ធិ​ក្រុម +សិទ្ធិ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត + + + + +d - ថត +rwx - សិទ្ធិ​អាន, សរសេរ និង​ ប្រតិបត្តិ សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ ។ +r-x - សិទ្ធិ​អាន និង​ ប្រតិបត្តិ សម្រាប់​ក្រុម​ ។ +r-x - សិទ្ធិ​អាន និង​ ប្រតិបត្តិ សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + + + + + +គោល​ប្រាំបី​ទៅ​ជា​សង្ខេប​ដែល​មាន​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា + + + + +គោល​ប្រាំបី +ជា​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា +សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា + + + + +០ +--- +គ្មាន​សិទ្ធិ + + +១ +--x +បាន​តែ​ប្រតិបត្តិ + + +២ +-w- +បាន​តែ​សរសេរ + + +៣ (២+១) +-wx +សរសេរ និង​ប្រតិបត្តិ + + +៤ +r-- +បាន​តែ​អាន + + +៥ (៤+១) +r-x +អាន និង​ប្រតិបត្តិ + + +៦ (៤+២) +rw- +អាន និង​សរសេរ + + +៧ (៤+២+១) +rwx +អាន សរសេរ និង​ប្រតិបត្តិ + + + + + + + + + +ដំណើរការ +ដំណើរ​ការ​គឺ​ជា​ធាតុ​នៃ​កម្មវិធី​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ដែល​កំពុង​តែ​រត់​ ។ នៅ​ជាប់​នឹង​​ឯកសារ ដំណើរ​ការគឺ​​ជា​ផ្នែក​សំខាន់​បំផុត​ទីពីរ​របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​លីនុច ។ +មើល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុន​ទូ</phrase> +សកម្មភាព​​ប្រព័ន្ធ + +បញ្ជា(Ctrl)គេច​(Esc) - ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ប្រអប់​សកម្មភាព​ប្រព័ន្ធ​របស់​ KDE ដែល​អាច​មើល និង​បញ្ចប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ ។ + + +បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា + +ps - បើក​ កុងសូល​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ស្ថានីយ​ (កុង​សូល​) រួច​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ ៖ ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/oc/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/oc/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/oc/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/oc/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,920 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Basics of <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document introduces the basics of the Kubuntu system, which are useful +for getting started with Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Command Line or Terminal + +Please see the topic covering the Command Line. + + + + + +Sistèma de fichièrs + + +To get a complete understanding of the Linux file system, recommended reading is +the Linux +Filesystem Hierarchy documentation hosted by The Linux Documentation Project. + + + +A filesystem is a method of storing and organizing files, not only in Linux +but also in other computer operating systems. In Linux, most files are +regular files, except directories, +special files, links, +sockets, and named pipes. The most +common filetypes that users interact with are regular files, directories and +links. + + +Opening a terminal (in Kubuntu this is +called Konsole) and typing +ls / +brings up a list similar to the following: + +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + + + +Not all lists will look exactly like the one above. + + + +The following is an overview of the files or directories listed above. + +Filesystem Overview +bin + + +Contains terminal commands that are useful to system administrators (who have +full access privileges) and to regular users (who have limited access +privileges). The commands in this directory are essential to the +operation of a Linux system. Some of the commands in the bin directory are bash, +ls, cp, and cat. + + + +aviada + + +Contains the files required for the boot process. In the case of Kubuntu, it +contains the files for the GRUB boot-loader, master +boot records, map files, and the Linux kernel. + + + +cdrom + + +A symlink or symbolic link to /media/cdrom, which itself is a +symlink to /media/cdrom0. If a CD is placed +into the CDROM drive, the contents of that CD will be +available in /media/cdrom0 directory. + + + +dev + + +Location of special or device files. For example, +/dev/sda0 is the first partition on the +hard drive. + + + +etc + + +Contains all system-related configuration files, used to control +the operation of programs. + + + +home + + +Contains a home directory for each user on the system. A user's home directory +can contain personal configuration files and files such as documents, music, +video, and other user-defined directories and files. + + + +initrd.img + + +A symlink to /boot/initrd.img-<kernel +version> which is required for system startup. + + + +lib + + +Contains the kernel modules in addition to shared library images needed to boot +the system and run commands. + + + +lib32 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +32-bit versions. + + + +lib64 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +64-bit versions. + + + +lost+found + + +Contains the results of any recovery operation due to an improper shutdown of +the system or a system crash. + + + +mèdia + + +Contains the subdirectories which are used as mount points for removable media +such as CDROM drives, USB disks, floppy +disks. + + + +mnt + + +Generic mount point for filesystems or devices. In most cases, /media is where most devices will be automounted. + + + +opt + + +Short for optional. This directory is used for add-on packages +that are typically installed manually by the user. + + + +proc + + +Virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information which is presented +in a file-like structure. + + + +root + + +The home directory of the system administrator known as root. + + + +sbin + + +Contains programs that are essential to the working of the system, such as +fdisk, ifconfig, +reboot, and shutdown. + + + +selinux + + +A pseudo-filesystem containing the commands used by the kernel subsystem for the +Security-Enhanced Linux feature. + + + +srv + + +Contains site-specific data which is served by the system. + + + +sys + + +Contains the Linux kernel, firmware and system-related files. + + + +tmp + + +Contains files that are required temporarily. Many programs use this directory +to create lock files and for temporary storage of data. + + + +usr + + +Contains the largest share of data on the system, including read-only user +data, as well as files and programs and such as program binaries, documentation, +libraries, header files, and more. + + + +var + + +Contains variable data such as system log files, mail and printer spool +directories, as well as transient and temporary files. + + + +vmlinuz + + +A symlink to a compressed executable of the Linux kernel. + + + + + + + + +Utilizaires e gropes + +Since Linux is a true multi-user system, the principles of both +users and groups are important to the +internal operation of the system, and also to the day-to-day use of the system. +Linux handling of users and groups is the reason it is one of the most secure +operating systems. + + +Utilizaires + +There are two different types of users: + + + + +Physical Users are people who use the system +physically. They have user IDs which are usually unique, as well as group IDs. + + + + +Logical Users are not tied to a person, but +instead are tied to a system function that are used by applications to perform +specific tasks. Daemons, mail, news are examples of logical users. + + + + + +Gropes + +Groups are logical expressions of organization. They tie users together and +provide group-based, rather than user-based permissions. Common groups +include admin, +audio, mail. + + + + + + +Dreches d'accès + +In a multi-user environment, security of user and system data is important. +Linux has three specific, or distinct, classes: + + + + +r - read permission +which grants the ability to read a file. + + + + +w - write permission +which grants the ability to modify a file. + + + + +x - execute permission +which grants the ability to execute a file. + + + + +The list above shows the symbolic notation of each permission in bold text. Each permission also has an octal notation: + + + + +r - 4 + + + + +w - 2 + + + + +x - 1 + + + + +Permissions Example + +To view permissions, type +ls -l ~/ +which will output a list of the directories and files in the current user's home +directory. For example: + +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + +The first column, which contains drwxr-xr-x, +can be interpreted as follows: + + + + + + + + + +Tipe de fichièr +Autorizacions de l'utilizaire +Permissions de grop +Others Permissions + + + + +j - repertòri + +rwx - lectura, +escritura and execucion permissions for the +user. + + +r-x - lectura and +execucion permissions for the group. + + +r-x - lectura and +execucion permissions for all others. + + + + + + + +Octal to Symbolic Summary + + + + +Octala +Symbolic +Descripcion + + + + +0 +--- +No permissions + + +1 +--x +Execute only + + +2 +-w- +Write only + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Write and Execute + + +4 +r-- +Lectura sola + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Read and Execute + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Read and Write + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Read, Write, and Execute + + + + + + + + + +Processus + +Processes are instances of computer programs that are running. Next to files, +processes are the second most important part of the Linux system. + +Viewing Processes in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Activitat del sistèma + + +CtrlEsc - Starts +KDE' s System Activity dialog where processes +can be viewed and killed. + + + +Linha de comanda + + +ps - Open Konsole by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole) and type: +ps + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/pt_BR/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/pt_BR/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/pt_BR/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/pt_BR/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +O básico do <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento apresenta os fundamentos do sistema Kubuntu, que são úteis para começar com o Kubuntu. + + + + + +Linha de comando ou Terminal +Por favor, consulte o tópico que abrange a Linha de comando ulink>. + + + + +Sistema de arquivos + +Para adquirir uma compreensão completa do sistema de arquivos do Linux, recomenda-se a leitura de Hierarquia do Sistema de Arquivos Linux, documentação hospedada em O Projeto de Documentação Linux. + +Um sistema de arquivos é um método de armazenar e organizar arquivos, não só no Linux, mas também em outros sistemas operacionais de computador. No Linux, a maioria dos arquivos são arquivos comuns, exceto diretórios, arquivos especiais, ligações, sockets, e pipes nomeados.Os tipos de arquivo mais comuns com os quais os usuários interagem são os arquivos comuns, diretórios e ligações. +Abra um terminal (no Kubuntu isso é chamado Konsole) e digite ls / aparecerá uma lista similar à seguinte: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Nem todas as listas serão exatamente como a descrita acima. + +A seguir está uma visão geral dos arquivos ou diretórios listados acima. +Visão geral do sistema de arquivos +bin + +Contém comandos do terminal que são úteis aos administradores de sistema (que tem todos os privilégios de acesso) e para usuários comuns (que tem privilégios de acesso limitados). Os comandos neste diretório são essenciais para a operação de um sistema Linux. Alguns dos comandos no diretório bin são bash, ls, cp, e cat. + + +boot + +Contém os arquivos necessários para o processo de inicialização. No caso do Kubuntu, ele contém os arquivos para o gerenciador de inicialização GRUB, gravações principais de inicialização (MBR), arquivos de mapeamento, e o kernel do Linux. + + +cdrom + +Um symlink ou symbolic link para /media/cdrom, que em si é um symlink para /media/cdrom0. Se um CD é inserido no drive de CDROM, o conteúdo deste CD estará disponível no diretório /media/cdrom0. + + +dev + +Localização de arquivos especiais ou de dispositivos. Por exemplo, /dev/sda0 é a primeira partição no disco rígido. + + +etc + +Contém todos os arquivos de configuração relacionados ao sistema, usados para controlar o funcionamento dos programas. + + +home + +Contém um diretório chamado pasta pessoal de cada usuário no sistema. Um diretório pessoal do usuário pode conter arquivos de configuração e arquivos pessoais como documentos, música, vídeo e outras pastas definidas pelo usuário e arquivos. + + +initrd.img + +Um symlink para /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version> que é requerido para a inicialização do sistema. + + +lib + +Contém os módulos do kernel além de bibliotecas de imagens compartilhadas necessárias para inicializar o sistema e executar comandos. + + +lib32 + +O mesmo que a lib acima, mas contém apenas as versões de 32 bits. + + +lib64 + +O mesmo que a lib acima, mas contém apenas as versões de 64 bits. + + +lost+found + +Contém os resultados de qualquer operação de recuperação devido a um desligamento indevido ou falha no sistema. + + +media + +Contém os subdiretórios que são usados como ponto de montagem para mídia removível como drives de CDROM, discos USB, disquetes. + + +mnt + +Ponto de montagem genérico para sistemas de arquivos ou dispositivos. Na maioria dos casos, o diretório /media é onde a maioria dos dispositivos serão montados. + + +opt + +Atalho para optional. Este diretório é usado pacotes complementares que são geralmente são instalados manualmente pelo usuário. + + +proc + +Sistema de arquivo virtual que contém informações de tempo de execução do sistema, e é apresentado na estrutura de um arquivo. + + +root + +O diretório pessoal do administrador do sistema conhecido como root. + + +sbin + +Contém programas que são essenciais para o funcionamento do sistema, como fdisk, ifconfig, reboot, e shutdown. + + +selinux + +Um pseudo sistema de arquivos contendo os comandos usados pelo subsistema do kernel para a funcionalidade de segurança avançada do Linux. + + +srv + +Contém dados específicos do local que é servido pelo sistema. + + +sys + +Contém o kernel Linux, o firmware e sistema de arquivos relacionados. + + +tmp + +Contém arquivos que são temporariamente requisitados. Muitos programas usam este diretório para criar arquivos de proteção e para armazenamento temporário de dados. + + +usr + +Contém a maior parte dos dados do sistema, incluindo dados do usuário somente para leitura, bem como arquivos e programas, como os binários do programa, documentação, bibliotecas, arquivos de cabeçalho e muito mais. + + +var + +Contém dados variados como arquivos de log do sistema, diretórios de email e spool de impressora, bem como arquivos transitivos e temporários. + + +vmlinuz + +Um symlink para um arquivo executável comprimido do kernel do Linux. + + + + + + + +Usuários e grupos +Sendo o Linux um sistema multiusuário real, os princípios dos usuários e dos grupos são importantes para a operação interna do sistema, e também para o uso diário do mesmo. O controle de usuários e grupos no Linux é a razão pela qual ele é um dos sistemas operacionais mais seguros. + +Usuários +Existem dois tipos diferentes de usuários: + + +Usuários Físicos são pessoas que usam o sistema fisicamente. Eles tem identificações de usuários que são únicas, bem como identificações de grupos. + + +Usuários Lógicos não estão vinculados a uma pessoa, mas estão ligados a funções do sistema que são utilizadas pelas aplicações para realizar tarefas específicas. Daemons, e-mail, e notícias são exemplos de usuários lógicos. + + + + +Grupos +Os grupos são expressões lógicas de organização. Eles agregam usuários e proporcionam permissões baseadas em grupos, em vez de usuários. Grupos comuns incluem admin, audio, mail. + + + + + +Permissões +Em um ambiente multiusuário, a segurança dos dados do usuário e do sistema é importante. O Linux possui três classes específicas, ou distintas: + + +r - read permissão que garante acesso para ler um arquivo. + + +w - write permissão que garante acesso para modificar um arquivo. + + +x - execute permissão que garante acesso para executar um arquivo. + + +A lista acima mostra a notificação simbólica de cada permissão em negrito. Cada permissão também tem uma notação em octal: + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Exemplos de permissões +Para ver as permissões, digite ls -l ~/, que exibirá uma lista de diretórios e arquivos na atual pasta de usuário. Por exemplo: +drwxr-xr-x 2 nomedeusuário nomedogrupo 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documentos + A primeira coluna, que contém drwxr-xr-x, pode ser interpretada da seguinte forma: + + + + + + + + +Tipo de arquivo +Permissões de usuários +Permissões do grupo +Outras permissões + + + + +d - diretório +rwx - ler, gravar e executar permissões para o usuário. +r-x - ler e executar permissões para o grupo. +r-x - ler e executar permissões para todos os outros. + + + + + + +Octal em Resumo Simbólico + + + + +Octal +Simbólico +Descrição + + + + +0 +--- +Sem permissão + + +1 +--x +Apenas execução + + +2 +-w- +Apenas escrita + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Escrever e Executar + + +4 +r-- +Somente leitura + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Ler e executar + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Ler e gravar + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Ler, gravar, executar + + + + + + + + + +Processos +Processos são instâncias de programas de computador que estão sendo executados. Depois dos arquivos, os processos são a segunda parte mais importante do sistema Linux. +Visualizando processos no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Atividade do sistema + +CtrlEsc - Abre a janela de Atividades do Sistema do KDE onde os processos podem ser visualizados e encerrados. + + +Linha de comando + +ps -Abra o Konsole indo em Incializador da Aplicação KickoffAplicaçõesSistemaTerminal (Konsole) e digite: ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/ru/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/ru/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/ru/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/ru/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,773 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Основы <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +В этом документе рассматриваются основы системы Kubuntu, которые являются полезными для начала работы с Kubuntu. + + + + + +Командная строка или терминал +Смотрите тему Командная строка. + + + + +Файловая система + +Чтобы получить полное представление о файловой системе Linux, рекомендуется прочитать документацию Linux Filesystem Hierarchy, которая размещена The Linux Documentation Project. + +Файловая система - это способ хранения и организации файлов, не только в Linux, но и в других компьютерных операционных системах. В Linux, большинство файлов это обычные файлы, за исключением каталогов, специальных файлов, ссылок, сокетов и именованных каналов. Наиболее распространенные типы файлов, с которыми работают пользователи это обычные файлы, каталоги и ссылки. +Откройте терминал (в Kubuntu он называется также Konsole) и введите команду ls /, которая выдаст список, наподобие следующего: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Не все списки будут выглядеть так же, как выше. + +Ниже приведен обзор файлов или каталогов, перечисленных выше. +Обзор файловой системы +bin + +Содержит терминальные команды, которые являются полезными для системных администраторов (имеющих права полного доступа), а также для обычных пользователей (которые имеют права ограниченного доступа). Команды в этом каталоге имеют важное значение для функционирования Linux. Некоторыми командами в каталоге bin являются bash, ls, cp и cat. + + +boot + +Содержит файлы, необходимые для процесса загрузки. В Kubuntu он содержит файлы для загрузчика GRUB , главной загрузочной записи (MBR), карту файлов и ядро Linux. + + +cdrom + +Это Symlink или символическая ссылка для /media/cdrom, которая является и символической ссылкой для файла /media/cdrom0. Когда вставляется CD в CD-ROM, содержимое этого компакт-диска будет доступно в каталоге /media/cdrom0. + + +dev + +Расположены специальные файлы или файлы устройств. Например, /dev/sda0 - это первый раздел на жестком диске. + + +etc + +Содержит все системные файлы, относящиеся к конфигурации, которые используются для управления работой программ. + + +home + +Содержит домашний каталог для каждого пользователя в системе. В домашнем каталоге пользователи могут содержать личные файлы конфигурации программ и файлы, такие как документы, музыка, видео и любые другие пользовательские каталоги и файлы. + + +initrd.img + +Это символическая ссылка для /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version>, который требуется для запуска системы. + + +lib + +Содержит модули ядра в дополнение к общей библиотеке образов, необходимые для загрузки системы и запуска команд. + + +lib32 + +То же, что и lib выше, но содержит только 32-разрядные версии. + + +lib64 + +То же, что и lib выше, но содержит только 64-разрядные версии. + + +lost+found + +Содержит результаты любой операции восстановления из-за неправильного выключения системы или сбоя системы. + + +media + +Содержит подкаталоги, которые используются в качестве точки монтирования для съемных носителей, таких как CDROM, диски USB, дискеты. + + +mnt + +Общие точки монтирования для файловых систем или устройств. В /media большинство устройств будут подключаться автоматически . + + +opt + +Сокращение от optional. Этот каталог используется для дополнительных пакетов, которые обычно устанавливаются пользователем вручную. + + +proc + +Виртуальная файловая система, которая содержит текущую системную информацию, представленную в виде файлов. + + +root + +Домашний каталог системного администратора, известного как root. + + +sbin + +Содержит программы, которые необходимы для работы системы, такие как fdisk, ifconfig, reboot, и shutdown. + + +selinux + +Это псевдо-файловая система, содержащая команды, используемые подсистемой ядра для Security-Enhanced Linux. + + +srv + +Содержит данные специфичные для окружения системы. + + +sys + +Содержит ядро Linux, микропрограммы и связанные с системой файлы. + + +tmp + +Содержит временные файлы. Многие программы используют эту директорию для создания блокировочных файлов и для временного хранения данных. + + +usr + +Содержит файлы, такие как исполнительные программы, документация, библиотеки, заголовочные файлы и многое другое. Все пользователи, кроме суперпользователя root, имеют доступ только для чтения. + + +var + +Содержит часто меняющиеся данные, такие как журнал системных файлов, почты, а также переходные и временные файлы. + + +vmlinuz + +Символическая ссылка для сжатого исполняемого ядра Linux. + + + + + + + +Пользователи и группы +Поскольку Linux является многопользовательской системой, настройка пользователей и групп имеет важное значение для внутреннего функционирования системы. Управление пользователями и группами, делают Linux одной из самых безопасных операционных систем. + +Пользователи +Есть два различных типа пользователей: + + +Физические пользователи - это люди, которые используют систему физически. Они имеют идентификатор пользователя, который обычно уникален, а также идентификаторы групп. + + +Логические пользователи - они не связаны с человеком, это функции системы, которыми пользуются приложения для выполнения конкретных задач. Примеры логических пользователей - демоны, почта, новости и другие. + + + + +Группы + +Groups are logical expressions of organization. They tie users together and +provide group-based, rather than user-based permissions. Common groups +include admin, +audio, mail. + + + + + + +Права доступа + +In a multi-user environment, security of user and system data is important. +Linux has three specific, or distinct, classes: + + + +r - доступ на чтение. Предоставляет возможность чтения файлов. + + +w - доступ на запись. Предоставляет возможность изменения файлов. + + +x - доступ на запуск. Предоставляет возможность запускать (исполнять) файлы. + + +Приведенный выше список показывает символическое обозначение каждого разрешения (выделено жирным шрифтом). + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Permissions Example + +To view permissions, type +ls -l ~/ +which will output a list of the directories and files in the current user's home +directory. For example: + +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + +The first column, which contains drwxr-xr-x, +can be interpreted as follows: + + + + + + + + + +File Type +User Permissions +Group Permissions +Другие разрешения + + + + +d - directory +rwx - read, write и execute разрешения для пользователей. +r-x - read и execute разрешения для групп. +r-x - read и execute разрешения для всех остальных. + + + + + + +Octal to Symbolic Summary + + + + +Octal +Symbolic +Description + + + + +0 +--- +No permissions + + +1 +--x +Только запуск + + +2 +-w- +Write only + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Запись и Запуск + + +4 +r-- +Read only + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Чтение и Запуск + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Чтение и Запись + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Чтение, Запись и Запуск + + + + + + + + + +Процессы + +Processes are instances of computer programs that are running. Next to files, +processes are the second most important part of the Linux system. + +Просмотр процессов в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +System Activity + + +CtrlEsc - Starts +KDE' s System Activity dialog where processes +can be viewed and killed. + + + +Command Line + + +ps - Open Konsole by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole) and type: +ps + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sk/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sk/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sk/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sk/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,922 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Basics of <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document introduces the basics of the Kubuntu system, which are useful +for getting started with Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Command Line or Terminal + +Please see the topic covering the Command Line. + + + + + +File System + + +To get a complete understanding of the Linux file system, recommended reading is +the Linux +Filesystem Hierarchy documentation hosted by The Linux Documentation Project. + + + +A filesystem is a method of storing and organizing files, not only in Linux +but also in other computer operating systems. In Linux, most files are +regular files, except directories, +special files, links, +sockets, and named pipes. The most +common filetypes that users interact with are regular files, directories and +links. + + +Opening a terminal (in Kubuntu this is +called Konsole) and typing +ls / +brings up a list similar to the following: + +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + + + +Not all lists will look exactly like the one above. + + + +The following is an overview of the files or directories listed above. + +Filesystem Overview +bin + + +Contains terminal commands that are useful to system administrators (who have +full access privileges) and to regular users (who have limited access +privileges). The commands in this directory are essential to the +operation of a Linux system. Some of the commands in the bin directory are bash, +ls, cp, and cat. + + + +boot + + +Contains the files required for the boot process. In the case of Kubuntu, it +contains the files for the GRUB boot-loader, master +boot records, map files, and the Linux kernel. + + + +cdrom + + +A symlink or symbolic link to /media/cdrom, which itself is a +symlink to /media/cdrom0. If a CD is placed +into the CDROM drive, the contents of that CD will be +available in /media/cdrom0 directory. + + + +dev + + +Location of special or device files. For example, +/dev/sda0 is the first partition on the +hard drive. + + + +etc + + +Contains all system-related configuration files, used to control +the operation of programs. + + + +home + + +Contains a home directory for each user on the system. A user's home directory +can contain personal configuration files and files such as documents, music, +video, and other user-defined directories and files. + + + +initrd.img + + +A symlink to /boot/initrd.img-<kernel +version> which is required for system startup. + + + +lib + + +Contains the kernel modules in addition to shared library images needed to boot +the system and run commands. + + + +lib32 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +32-bit versions. + + + +lib64 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +64-bit versions. + + + +lost+found + + +Contains the results of any recovery operation due to an improper shutdown of +the system or a system crash. + + + +media + + +Contains the subdirectories which are used as mount points for removable media +such as CDROM drives, USB disks, floppy +disks. + + + +mnt + + +Generic mount point for filesystems or devices. In most cases, /media is where most devices will be automounted. + + + +opt + + +Short for optional. This directory is used for add-on packages +that are typically installed manually by the user. + + + +proc + + +Virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information which is presented +in a file-like structure. + + + +root + + +The home directory of the system administrator known as root. + + + +sbin + + +Contains programs that are essential to the working of the system, such as +fdisk, ifconfig, +reboot, and shutdown. + + + +selinux + + +A pseudo-filesystem containing the commands used by the kernel subsystem for the +Security-Enhanced Linux feature. + + + +srv + + +Contains site-specific data which is served by the system. + + + +sys + + +Contains the Linux kernel, firmware and system-related files. + + + +tmp + + +Contains files that are required temporarily. Many programs use this directory +to create lock files and for temporary storage of data. + + + +usr + + +Contains the largest share of data on the system, including read-only user +data, as well as files and programs and such as program binaries, documentation, +libraries, header files, and more. + + + +var + + +Contains variable data such as system log files, mail and printer spool +directories, as well as transient and temporary files. + + + +vmlinuz + + +A symlink to a compressed executable of the Linux kernel. + + + + + + + + +Users and Groups + +Since Linux is a true multi-user system, the principles of both +users and groups are important to the +internal operation of the system, and also to the day-to-day use of the system. +Linux handling of users and groups is the reason it is one of the most secure +operating systems. + + +Users + +There are two different types of users: + + + + +Physical Users are people who use the system +physically. They have user IDs which are usually unique, as well as group IDs. + + + + +Logical Users are not tied to a person, but +instead are tied to a system function that are used by applications to perform +specific tasks. Daemons, mail, news are examples of logical users. + + + + + +Groups + +Groups are logical expressions of organization. They tie users together and +provide group-based, rather than user-based permissions. Common groups +include admin, +audio, mail. + + + + + + +Permissions + +In a multi-user environment, security of user and system data is important. +Linux has three specific, or distinct, classes: + + + + +r - read permission +which grants the ability to read a file. + + + + +w - write permission +which grants the ability to modify a file. + + + + +x - execute permission +which grants the ability to execute a file. + + + + +The list above shows the symbolic notation of each permission in bold text. Each permission also has an octal notation: + + + + +r - 4 + + + + +w - 2 + + + + +x - 1 + + + + +Permissions Example + +To view permissions, type +ls -l ~/ +which will output a list of the directories and files in the current user's home +directory. For example: + +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + +The first column, which contains drwxr-xr-x, +can be interpreted as follows: + + + + + + + + + +File Type +User Permissions +Group Permissions +Others Permissions + + + + + +d - directory + + +rwx - read, +write and execute permissions for the +user. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for the group. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for all others. + + + + + + + +Octal to Symbolic Summary + + + + +Octal +Symbolic +Description + + + + +0 +--- +No permissions + + +1 +--x +Execute only + + +2 +-w- +Write only + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Write and Execute + + +4 +r-- +Read only + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Read and Execute + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Read and Write + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Read, Write, and Execute + + + + + + + + + +Processes + +Processes are instances of computer programs that are running. Next to files, +processes are the second most important part of the Linux system. + +Viewing Processes in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +System Activity + + +CtrlEsc - Starts +KDE' s System Activity dialog where processes +can be viewed and killed. + + + +Command Line + + +ps - Open Konsole by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole) and type: +ps + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sl/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sl/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sl/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sl/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Osnovno o <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ta dokument predstavi osnove sistema Kubuntu, ki so uporabne pri začetku dela s Kubuntu. + + + + + +Ukazna vrstica ali konzola +Oglejte si temo Ukazna vrstica. + + + + +Datotečni sistem + +Za čimboljše razumevanje Linuxovega daotečnega sistema vam priporočamo, da si preberete dokument Linux Filesystem Hierarchy, ki ga gosti projekt The Linux Documentation Project. + +Datotečni sistem predstavlja način hranjenja in organiziranja datotek, ne samo v Linuxu ampak tudi v drugih operacijskih sistemih. Skoraj vse datoteke v Linuxu so običajna datoteke, razen mape, posebne datoteke, povezave, vtičnice in poimenovane cevi. Vrste datotek, s katerimi uporabnik največ dela, so običajne datoteke, mape in povezave. +Če odprete ukazno vrstico (v Kubuntu se ta imenuje Konzola) in vnesete ls /, dobite seznam, ki je podoben naslednjemu: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Seznami ne izgledajo vedno enako kot gornji. + +Sledi pregled datotek ali map iz zgornjega seznama. +Pregled datotečnega sistema +bin + +Vsebuje programe, ki so uporabni za sistemske skrbnike (ki imajo vse dostopne pravice) in običajne uporabnike (ki imajo omejene dostopne pravice). Programi v tej mapi so osnovni za delovanje sistema Linux. Nekateri izmed programov v mapi bin so bash, ls, cp in cat. + + +boot + +Vsebuje datoteke, potrebne za postopek zaganjanja. V primeru Kubuntu vsebuje datoteke za zagonski nalagalnik GRUB, glavni zapis za zagon, preslikovalne datoteke in jedro Linux. + + +cdrom + +Simbolična povezava (symlink) na /media/cdrom/, ki je tudi simbolična povezava na /media/cdrom0. Če je v pogon CDROM vstavljen nosilec CD, bo v mapi /media/cdrom0 na voljo vsebina tega CD-ja. + + +dev + +Lokacija posebnih datotek ali datotek naprav. Na primer, /dev/sda0 je prvi razdelek na prvem trdem disku. + + +etc + +Vsebuje vse sistemske nastavitvene datoteke, ki se uporabljajo za nadzor delovanja programov. + + +home + +Vsebuje domačo mapo vsakega uporabnika na sistemu. Uporabnikova domača mapa lahko vsebuje osebne nastavitvene datoteke in ostale datoteke, kot so dokumenti, glasba, video in druge uporabniške mape in datoteke. + + +initrd.img + +Simbolična povezava na /boot/initrd.img-<različica jedra>, ki je potrebna za zagon sistema. + + +lib + +Vsebuje module jedra in deljene knjižnice, ki so potrebne za zagon sistema in zaganjanje programov. + + +lib32 + +Isto kot lib zgoraj, a vsebuje samo 32-bitne inačice. + + +lib64 + +Isto kot lib zgoraj, a vsebuje samo 64-bitne inačice. + + +lost+found + +Vsebuje rezultate obnavljanja, ki je lahko posledica nepravilnega izklopa sistema ali pa sesutja sistema. + + +media + +Vsebuje podmape, ki se uporabljajo kot priklopne točke za odstranljive nosilce, kot so CDROM-i, diski USB in diskete. + + +mnt + +Splošna lokacija priklopnih točk za datotečne sisteme ali naprave. V večini primerov se bodo naprave samodejno priklopile v mapo /media. + + +opt + +Okrajšava za optional (neobvezno). Ta mapa se uporablja za dodatne pakete, ki jih uporabnik namesti ročno. + + +proc + +Navidezni datotečni sistem, ki vsebuje podatke o delovanju sistema, ki so predstavljeni v obliki datotečnega drevesa. + + +root + +Domača mapa sistemskega skrbnika, ki je znan kot root. + + +sbin + +Vsebuje programe, ki so osnovni za delovanje sistema, na primer fdisk, ifconfig, reboot in shutdown. + + +selinux + +Psevdo datotečni ssitem, ki vsebuje programe, ki jih uporablja podsistem jedra za varnostno izboljšan Linux (Security-Enhanced Linux). + + +srv + +Vsebuje podatke, posebne za mesto, ki jih sistem streže. + + +sys + +Vsebuje jedro Linux, strojno programsko opremo in sistemske datoteke. + + +tmp + +Vsebuje datoteke, ki so potrebne samo začasno. Veliko programov to mapo uporablja za ustvarjanje zaklepnih datotek in za začasno hrambo podatkov. + + +usr + +Vsebuje največji delež podatkov na sistemu, kar vključuje uporabniške podatke samo za branje ter datoteke in programe, kot so programske dvojiške datoteke, dokumentacija, knjižnice, datoteke z glavami in drugo. + + +var + +Vsebuje spremenljive podatke, kot so datoteke s sistemskimi dnevniki, pošta in mape za čakanje na tiskalnik ter prehodne in začasne datoteke. + + +vmlinuz + +Simbolična povezava na stisnjeno izvršljivo datoteko jedra Linux. + + + + + + + +Uporabniki in skupine +Ker je Linux pravi večuporabniški sistem, sta koncepta uporabnikov in skupin pomembna za notranje delovanje sistema in tudi za vsakodnevno uporabo sistema. Način, na kakršnega Linux obravnava uporabnike in skupine, je en izmed razlogov, da je Linux en izmed najbolj varnih operacijskih sistemov. + +Uporabniki +Obstajata dve različni vrsti uporabnikov: + + +Fizični uporabniki so ljudje, ki fizično uporabljajo sistem. Imajo uporabniške ID-je, ki so običajno edinstveni, in skupinske ID-je. + + +Logični uporabniki niso povezani z osebami, ampak so namesto tega povezani s sistemskimi funkcijami, ki jih programi uporabljajo za izvajanje določenih opravil. Pritajeni programi, pošta in novice so primeri logičnih uporabnikov. + + + + +Skupine +Skupine so logičen izraz organizacije. Povezujejo uporabnike in omogočajo dovoljenja na osnovi skupin, namesto na osnovi uporabnikov. Med običajnimi skupinami so admin (skrbniki), audio (zvok) inmail (pošta). + + + + + +Dovoljenja +V večuporabniškem okolju je varnost uporabnikov in sistema pomembna. Linux pozna tri ločene razrede. + + +r – dovoljenje za branje (read), ki omogoča branje datoteke. + + +w – dovoljenje za pisanje (write), ki omogoča spreminjanje datoteke. + + +x – dovoljenje za izvajanje (execute), ki omogoča izvajanje datoteke. + + +Gornji seznam prikazuje simbolični zapis vsakega dovoljenja v polkrepkem besedilu. Vsako dovoljenje ima tudi osmiški zapis: + + +r – 4 + + +w – 2 + + +x – 1 + + + +Primer dovoljenj +Da vidite dovoljenja, vnesite ls -l ~/, ki izpiše seznam map in datotek v domači mapi trenutnega uporabnika. Na primer: +drwxr-xr-x 2 uporabnik skupina 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Dokumenti + Prvi stolpec, ki vsebuje drwxr-xr-x, si lahko razlagamo na naslednji način: + + + + + + + + +Vrsta datoteke +Uporabniška dovoljenja +Skupinska dovoljenja +Dovoljenja za druge + + + + +d – mapa +rwx – uporabniška dovoljenja za branje, pisanje in izvajanje. +r-x – skupinska dovoljenja za branje in izvajanje. +r-x – dovoljenja za branje in izvajanje za vse ostale. + + + + + + +Povzetek osmiškega v simboličnem + + + + +Osmiško +Simbolično +Opis + + + + +0 +--- +Brez dovoljenj + + +1 +--x +Samo izvajanje + + +2 +-w- +Samo pisanje + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Pisanje in izvajanje + + +4 +r-- +Samo pisanje + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Branje in izvajanje + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Branje in pisanje + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Branje, pisanje in izvajanje + + + + + + + + + +Procesi +Procesi so izvodi računalniških programov v izvajanju. Poleg datotek so procesi drugi najpomembnejši koncept sistema Linux. +Ogled procesov v <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Aktivnost sistema + +CtrlEsc – prikaže KDE-jevo pogovorno okno Aktivnost sistema, kjer si lahko ogledate procese in jih ubijete. + + +Ukazna vrstica + +ps – odprite Konzolo, tako da uporabite Zaganjalnik programov KickoffProgramiSistemKonzola (terminal) in vnesite: ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sr/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sr/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sr/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sr/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,922 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Basics of <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document introduces the basics of the Kubuntu system, which are useful +for getting started with Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Command Line or Terminal + +Please see the topic covering the Command Line. + + + + + +File System + + +To get a complete understanding of the Linux file system, recommended reading is +the Linux +Filesystem Hierarchy documentation hosted by The Linux Documentation Project. + + + +A filesystem is a method of storing and organizing files, not only in Linux +but also in other computer operating systems. In Linux, most files are +regular files, except directories, +special files, links, +sockets, and named pipes. The most +common filetypes that users interact with are regular files, directories and +links. + + +Opening a terminal (in Kubuntu this is +called Konsole) and typing +ls / +brings up a list similar to the following: + +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + + + +Not all lists will look exactly like the one above. + + + +The following is an overview of the files or directories listed above. + +Filesystem Overview +bin + + +Contains terminal commands that are useful to system administrators (who have +full access privileges) and to regular users (who have limited access +privileges). The commands in this directory are essential to the +operation of a Linux system. Some of the commands in the bin directory are bash, +ls, cp, and cat. + + + +boot + + +Contains the files required for the boot process. In the case of Kubuntu, it +contains the files for the GRUB boot-loader, master +boot records, map files, and the Linux kernel. + + + +cdrom + + +A symlink or symbolic link to /media/cdrom, which itself is a +symlink to /media/cdrom0. If a CD is placed +into the CDROM drive, the contents of that CD will be +available in /media/cdrom0 directory. + + + +dev + + +Location of special or device files. For example, +/dev/sda0 is the first partition on the +hard drive. + + + +etc + + +Contains all system-related configuration files, used to control +the operation of programs. + + + +home + + +Contains a home directory for each user on the system. A user's home directory +can contain personal configuration files and files such as documents, music, +video, and other user-defined directories and files. + + + +initrd.img + + +A symlink to /boot/initrd.img-<kernel +version> which is required for system startup. + + + +lib + + +Contains the kernel modules in addition to shared library images needed to boot +the system and run commands. + + + +lib32 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +32-bit versions. + + + +lib64 + + +Same as lib above, but contains only the +64-bit versions. + + + +lost+found + + +Contains the results of any recovery operation due to an improper shutdown of +the system or a system crash. + + + +media + + +Contains the subdirectories which are used as mount points for removable media +such as CDROM drives, USB disks, floppy +disks. + + + +mnt + + +Generic mount point for filesystems or devices. In most cases, /media is where most devices will be automounted. + + + +opt + + +Short for optional. This directory is used for add-on packages +that are typically installed manually by the user. + + + +proc + + +Virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information which is presented +in a file-like structure. + + + +root + + +The home directory of the system administrator known as root. + + + +sbin + + +Contains programs that are essential to the working of the system, such as +fdisk, ifconfig, +reboot, and shutdown. + + + +selinux + + +A pseudo-filesystem containing the commands used by the kernel subsystem for the +Security-Enhanced Linux feature. + + + +srv + + +Contains site-specific data which is served by the system. + + + +sys + + +Contains the Linux kernel, firmware and system-related files. + + + +tmp + + +Contains files that are required temporarily. Many programs use this directory +to create lock files and for temporary storage of data. + + + +usr + + +Contains the largest share of data on the system, including read-only user +data, as well as files and programs and such as program binaries, documentation, +libraries, header files, and more. + + + +var + + +Contains variable data such as system log files, mail and printer spool +directories, as well as transient and temporary files. + + + +vmlinuz + + +A symlink to a compressed executable of the Linux kernel. + + + + + + + + +Users and Groups + +Since Linux is a true multi-user system, the principles of both +users and groups are important to the +internal operation of the system, and also to the day-to-day use of the system. +Linux handling of users and groups is the reason it is one of the most secure +operating systems. + + +Users + +There are two different types of users: + + + + +Physical Users are people who use the system +physically. They have user IDs which are usually unique, as well as group IDs. + + + + +Logical Users are not tied to a person, but +instead are tied to a system function that are used by applications to perform +specific tasks. Daemons, mail, news are examples of logical users. + + + + + +Groups + +Groups are logical expressions of organization. They tie users together and +provide group-based, rather than user-based permissions. Common groups +include admin, +audio, mail. + + + + + + +Permissions + +In a multi-user environment, security of user and system data is important. +Linux has three specific, or distinct, classes: + + + + +r - read permission +which grants the ability to read a file. + + + + +w - write permission +which grants the ability to modify a file. + + + + +x - execute permission +which grants the ability to execute a file. + + + + +The list above shows the symbolic notation of each permission in bold text. Each permission also has an octal notation: + + + + +r - 4 + + + + +w - 2 + + + + +x - 1 + + + + +Permissions Example + +To view permissions, type +ls -l ~/ +which will output a list of the directories and files in the current user's home +directory. For example: + +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + +The first column, which contains drwxr-xr-x, +can be interpreted as follows: + + + + + + + + + +File Type +User Permissions +Group Permissions +Others Permissions + + + + + +d - directory + + +rwx - read, +write and execute permissions for the +user. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for the group. + + +r-x - read and +execute permissions for all others. + + + + + + + +Octal to Symbolic Summary + + + + +Octal +Symbolic +Description + + + + +0 +--- +No permissions + + +1 +--x +Execute only + + +2 +-w- +Write only + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Write and Execute + + +4 +r-- +Read only + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Read and Execute + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Read and Write + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Read, Write, and Execute + + + + + + + + + +Processes + +Processes are instances of computer programs that are running. Next to files, +processes are the second most important part of the Linux system. + +Viewing Processes in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +System Activity + + +CtrlEsc - Starts +KDE' s System Activity dialog where processes +can be viewed and killed. + + + +Command Line + + +ps - Open Konsole by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole) and type: +ps + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sv/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sv/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/sv/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/sv/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,880 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Grunderna i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument presenterar grunderna i Kubuntu-systemet, som är användbara för att komma igång med Kubuntu. + + + + + +Kommandorad eller terminal +se avsnittet som omfattar komandoraden. + + + + +Filsystem + + +To get a complete understanding of the Linux file system, recommended reading is +the Linux +Filesystem Hierarchy documentation hosted by The Linux Documentation Project. + + + +A filesystem is a method of storing and organizing files, not only in Linux +but also in other computer operating systems. In Linux, most files are +regular files, except directories, +special files, links, +sockets, and named pipes. The most +common filetypes that users interact with are regular files, directories and +links. + +Öppna en terminal (i Kubuntu kallas detta för Konsole) och skriv ls / ger en lista som liknar följande: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Alla listor kommer inte att se ut exakt som den ovan. + +Följande är en översikt över filerna eller katalogerna som listats ovan. +Översikt av filsystemet +bin + + +Contains terminal commands that are useful to system administrators (who have +full access privileges) and to regular users (who have limited access +privileges). The commands in this directory are essential to the +operation of a Linux system. Some of the commands in the bin directory are bash, +ls, cp, and cat. + + + +boot + +Innehåller filerna som behövs för startprocessen. I fallet för Kubuntu, innehåller det filerna för starthanteraren GRUB, startsektor, katalogfiler och Linux kärnan. + + +cdrom + + +A symlink or symbolic link to /media/cdrom, which itself is a +symlink to /media/cdrom0. If a CD is placed +into the CDROM drive, the contents of that CD will be +available in /media/cdrom0 directory. + + + +dev + + +Location of special or device files. For example, +/dev/sda0 is the first partition on the +hard drive. + + + +etc + +Innehåller systemrelaterade konfigurationsfiler som används till att kontrollera funktionerna i programmen. + + +home + +Innehåller en hemkatalog för varje användare på systemet. En användares hemkatalog kan innehålla personliga konfigurationsfiler och filer som dokument, musik, film och andra av användaren skapade kataloger och filer. + + +initrd.img + + +A symlink to /boot/initrd.img-<kernel +version> which is required for system startup. + + + +lib + + +Contains the kernel modules in addition to shared library images needed to boot +the system and run commands. + + + +lib32 + +Samma som lib ovan, men innehåller enbart 32-bitars versioner. + + +lib64 + +Samma som lib ovan, men innehåller enbart 64-bitars versioner. + + +lost+found + + +Contains the results of any recovery operation due to an improper shutdown of +the system or a system crash. + + + +media + + +Contains the subdirectories which are used as mount points for removable media +such as CDROM drives, USB disks, floppy +disks. + + + +mnt + + +Generic mount point for filesystems or devices. In most cases, /media is where most devices will be automounted. + + + +opt + + +Short for optional. This directory is used for add-on packages +that are typically installed manually by the user. + + + +proc + + +Virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information which is presented +in a file-like structure. + + + +root + + +The home directory of the system administrator known as root. + + + +sbin + + +Contains programs that are essential to the working of the system, such as +fdisk, ifconfig, +reboot, and shutdown. + + + +selinux + + +A pseudo-filesystem containing the commands used by the kernel subsystem for the +Security-Enhanced Linux feature. + + + +srv + + +Contains site-specific data which is served by the system. + + + +sys + + +Contains the Linux kernel, firmware and system-related files. + + + +tmp + + +Contains files that are required temporarily. Many programs use this directory +to create lock files and for temporary storage of data. + + + +usr + + +Contains the largest share of data on the system, including read-only user +data, as well as files and programs and such as program binaries, documentation, +libraries, header files, and more. + + + +var + + +Contains variable data such as system log files, mail and printer spool +directories, as well as transient and temporary files. + + + +vmlinuz + + +A symlink to a compressed executable of the Linux kernel. + + + + + + + + +Användare och grupper + +Since Linux is a true multi-user system, the principles of both +users and groups are important to the +internal operation of the system, and also to the day-to-day use of the system. +Linux handling of users and groups is the reason it is one of the most secure +operating systems. + + +Användare +Det finns två olika typer av användare: + + + +Physical Users are people who use the system +physically. They have user IDs which are usually unique, as well as group IDs. + + + + +Logical Users are not tied to a person, but +instead are tied to a system function that are used by applications to perform +specific tasks. Daemons, mail, news are examples of logical users. + + + + + +Grupper + +Groups are logical expressions of organization. They tie users together and +provide group-based, rather than user-based permissions. Common groups +include admin, +audio, mail. + + + + + + +Rättigheter + +In a multi-user environment, security of user and system data is important. +Linux has three specific, or distinct, classes: + + + + +r - read permission +which grants the ability to read a file. + + + + +w - write permission +which grants the ability to modify a file. + + + + +x - execute permission +which grants the ability to execute a file. + + + + +The list above shows the symbolic notation of each permission in bold text. Each permission also has an octal notation: + + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Permissions Example + +To view permissions, type +ls -l ~/ +which will output a list of the directories and files in the current user's home +directory. For example: + +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + +The first column, which contains drwxr-xr-x, +can be interpreted as follows: + + + + + + + + + +Filtyp +User Permissions +Grupprättigheter +Others Permissions + + + + +d - katalog + +rwx - läsa, +skriva and köra permissions for the +user. + + +r-x - läsa and +köra permissions for the group. + + +r-x - läsa and +köra permissions for all others. + + + + + + + +Octal to Symbolic Summary + + + + +Oktal +Symboliskt +Beskrivning + + + + +0 +--- +No permissions + + +1 +--x +Execute only + + +2 +-w- +Endast skriva + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Skriva och köra + + +4 +r-- +Endast läsa + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Läsa och köra + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Läsa och skriva + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Läsa, skriva och köra + + + + + + + + + +Processer + +Processes are instances of computer programs that are running. Next to files, +processes are the second most important part of the Linux system. + +Viewing Processes in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Systemaktivitet + + +CtrlEsc - Starts +KDE' s System Activity dialog where processes +can be viewed and killed. + + + +Kommandorad + + +ps - Open Konsole by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole) and type: +ps + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/uk/basics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/uk/basics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/basics/uk/basics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/basics/uk/basics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Основи роботи у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено початкові зауваження щодо роботи у системі Kubuntu, які будуть корисними для користувачів без значного досвіду роботи Kubuntu. + + + + + +Командний рядок і термінал +Будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом, присвяченим прийомам роботи у командному рядку. + + + + +Файлова система + +Щоб отримати повніше уявлення щодо файлової системи Linux, ознайомтеся, будь ласка, з документом Ієрархія файлової системи Linux (англійською), що зберігається на сторінці Проекту з документування Linux. + +Файлова система — це спосіб зберігання та впорядкування файлів не лише у Linux, а і у інших комп’ютерних операційних системах. У Linux більшість файлів є «звичайними файлами», окрім каталогів, особливих файлів, посилань, сокетів та іменованих каналів. Користувачі здебільшого працюють зі звичайними файлами, каталогами та посиланнями. +Якщо відкрити вікно термінала (у Kubuntu відповідна програма називається Konsole) і ввести ls /, буде показано список, подібний до такого: +bin +boot +cdrom +dev +etc +home +initrd.img +lib +lib32 +lib64 +lost+found +media +mnt +proc +root +sbin +selinux +srv +sys +tmp +usr +var +vmlinuz + + +Ваш список не обов’язково має бути точно таким, як наведено вище. + +Далі ми зупинимося на огляді файлів та каталогів з наведеного вище списку. +Огляд файлової системи +bin + +Містить програми, які керуються командами з термінала і які можуть бути корисними адміністраторам системи (для їх виконання потрібні розширені права доступу) і звичайним користувачам (з обмеженими правами доступу). Програми з цього каталогу життєво необхідні для роботи системи Linux. Серед програм, що зберігаються у каталозі bin, bash, ls, cp і cat. + + +boot + +Містить файли, потрібні під час процесу завантаження системи. У випадку Kubuntu, тут містяться файли для системи завантаження GRUB, основні записи завантаження, файли карт та ядро Linux. + + +cdrom + +«Символічне посилання» на /media/cdrom, файл, який сам є символічним посиланням на /media/cdrom0. Якщо в вставите компакт-диск до пристрою читання компакт дисків, доступ до вмісту цього компакт диска можна буде отримати за допомогою каталогу /media/cdrom0. + + +dev + +Місце для особливих файлів або файлів пристроїв. Наприклад, файлові /dev/sda0 відповідає перший розділ жорсткого диска. + + +etc + +Містить всі пов’язані з системою файли налаштувань, які використовуються для керування роботою програм. + + +home + +Містить домашні каталоги всіх користувачів системи. У домашньому каталозі користувача можуть міститися особисті файли налаштувань, файли документів, музики, відео та інші створені користувачем каталоги і файли. + + +initrd.img + +Символічне посилання на /boot/initrd.img-<версія ядра>, яке потрібне для запуску системи. + + +lib + +Містить модулі ядра, а також образи бібліотек спільного використання, потрібних для завантаження системи і виконання команд. + + +lib32 + +Те саме, що і каталог lib, про який ми говорили раніше, але тут містяться 32-бітові версії бібліотек. + + +lib64 + +Те саме, що і каталог lib, про який ми говорили раніше, але тут містяться 64-бітові версії бібліотек. + + +lost+found + +Містить результати всіх дій з відновлення даних після некоректного або аварійного завершення роботи системи. + + +media + +Містить підкаталоги, які використовуються як точки монтування для портативних носіїв даних, зокрема компакт-дисків, флеш-дисків USB, дискет. + + +mnt + +Загальна точка монтування файлових систем або пристроїв. Здебільшого до /media автоматично монтуються всі портативні пристрої. + + +opt + +Скорочення від optional (додатковий). Цей каталог використовують для встановлення додаткових пакунків, які зазвичай встановлюються користувачем вручну. + + +proc + +Віртуальна файлова система, що містить поточні дані запущених процесів у форматі файлоподібної структури. + + +root + +Домашній каталог системного адміністратора або користувача root. + + +sbin + +Містить програми, які необхідні для роботи системи, зокрема fdisk, ifconfig, reboot і shutdown. + + +selinux + +Псевдо файлова система, що містить програми, які використовуються підсистемою ядра для реалізації можливостей шару безпеки Security-Enhanced Linux. + + +srv + +Містить специфічні дані, які обслуговуються системою. + + +sys + +Містить ядро Linux, файли мікрокодів (firmware) та пов’язані з роботою системи файли. + + +tmp + +Містить файли, потреба у яких є тимчасовою. Багато програм користуються цим каталогом для створення файлів блокування або тимчасового зберігання даних. + + +usr + +Містить найбільше даних спільного використання у системі, зокрема придатні лише для читання дані користувачів, файли і програми, документацію, бібліотеки, файли заголовків тощо. + + +var + +Містить змінні (variable) дані, зокрема файли журналів системи, каталоги буферів пошти і друку, а також файли тимчасового використання. + + +vmlinuz + +Символічне посилання на стиснутий образ ядра Linux. + + + + + + + +Користувачі і групи +Оскільки Linux є системою, у якій реалізовано справжнє середовище для одночасної роботи багатьох користувачів, принципи розподілу на користувачів і групи є важливими для роботи самої системи та для щоденного користування нею. Принципи роботи Linux з користувачами та групами є однією з причин того, що ця система належить до списку найбезпечніших операційних систем. + +Користувачі +Передбачено два різних типи користувачів: + + +Фізичні користувачі — це люди, які користуються системою безпосередньо. Кожному такому користувачеві, зазвичай, надається власний ідентифікатор користувача і ідентифікатор групи. + + +Логічні користувачі — користувачі, роботу яких не пов’язано з певною особою. Їх роботу прив’язано до виконання якоїсь з функцій системи, якою програми користуються для виконання певних завдань. Фонові, поштові служби та служби новин є прикладами логічних користувачів. + + + + +Групи +Групи є логічним виміром впорядкування. Групи пов’язують між собою користувачів для надання загальногрупових, а не характерних для окремих користувачів прав доступу. Серед типових груп, admin, audio, mail. + + + + + +Права доступу +У середовищах, у яких працюють декілька користувачів, важливим є підтримання безпеки зберігання даних користувачів та системних даних. У Linux передбачено три особливих або окремих класи прав доступу: + + +r — права доступу на читання (read), які надають доступ до читання даних файла. + + +w — права доступу на запис (write), які надають доступ до зміни даних у файлі. + + +x — права доступу на виконання (execute), які надають можливість виконувати файл як команду. + + +У наведеному вище списку символічні позначення прав доступу позначено напівжирним шрифтом. Крім того, для кожного символічного позначення передбачено вісімковий відповідник: + + +r - 4 + + +w - 2 + + +x - 1 + + + +Приклад прав доступу +Щоб переглянути права доступу, введіть команду ls -l ~/, яка надасть вам звіт щодо каталогів і файлів у домашньому каталозі поточного користувача. Приклад: +drwxr-xr-x 2 username usergroup 4096 2009-12-17 11:10 Documents + Запис у першому стовпчику, drwxr-xr-x, відповідає таким правам доступу: + + + + + + + + +Тип файла +Права доступу користувачів +Права доступу для групи +Інші права доступу + + + + +d - каталог +rwx - читання, запис і права доступу виконання для користувача. +r-x - читання і права доступу виконання для групи. +r-x - читання і права доступу виконання для всіх інших. + + + + + + +Таблиця відповідності вісімкових і символічних прав доступу + + + + +Вісімковий +Символічний +Опис + + + + +0 +--- +Доступ заборонено + + +1 +--x +Лише виконання + + +2 +-w- +Лише запис + + +3 (2+1) +-wx +Запис і виконання + + +4 +r-- +Лише читання + + +5 (4+1) +r-x +Читання і виконання + + +6 (4+2) +rw- +Читання і запис + + +7 (4+2+1) +rwx +Читання, запис і виконання + + + + + + + + + +Процеси +Процеси — це екземпляри комп’ютерних програм, які запущено у системі. Процеси, як і файли, є однією з найважливіших частин системи Linux. +Перегляд списку процесів у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +За допомогою програми «Системні процеси» + +Натискання комбінації клавіш CtrlEsc відкриває діалогове вікно Системні процеси KDE, за допомогою якого можна переглянути список процесів та завершити роботу деяких з них. + + +З командного рядка + +ps — відкрийте вікно програми Konsole за допомогою пункту засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаТермінал (Konsole) і введіть команду ps + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/de/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/de/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/de/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/de/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1050 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Fehlerberichte +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument stellt eine Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitung zur Verfügung, um Kubuntu-Fehlerberichte zu erstellen. + + + + +Art des Fehlerberichtes +Generell gibt es drei Arten von Fehlerberichten: Absturz, Nicht-Absturz - und Feature-Anfragen. +Übersicht über Fehler-Arten +Absturz + +Ein Programm oder System-Absturz oder -Fehler. In der Regel öffnet sich ein Fehlerbericht, der dann gemeldet werden kann. + + +Nicht-Absturz + +Ein Fehler oder eine Einschränkung welche die Anwendung nicht abstürzen lässt jedoch die Funktion der Anwendung einschränkt. + + +Feature-Anfrage + +Auch bekannt als Wunschlisten-Punkt, welcher hinzugefügt wird um eine Funktion einer Anwendung hinzuzufügen oder um etwas in der Anwendung abzuändern was nicht einer Einschränkung oder einem Absturz zuzuordnen ist. + + + + + + +Von <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> verwendete Fehler-Verfolgungen + +Das Fehler-Verfolgungs-System von KDE + +KDE benutzt Bugzilla, ein Verfolgungssystem für Defekte. Bugzilla ist eines der populärsten Werkzeuge in der Open Souce Entwicklungs-Gemeinschaft. +Registrierung +Um einen Fehler zu melden muss man ein Konto registrieren auf KDE's Bugzilla unter . Eine gültige E-Mail Adresse wird für die Registration benötigt. + +Nur für KDE-Fehler +Dieses System ist nur für KDE-bezogene Fehler. Wenn eine Anwendung nicht Teil von KDE ist, sollte der Bericht stattdessen in Launchpad verfasst werden. Dafür bitte im nächsten Abschnitt nachlesen, welcher das Verfassen von Berichten auf Launchpad abdeckt. + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad ist eine Open Source-Softwaresammlung von Werkzeugen, die Menschen und verschiedenen Teams hilft, zusammen an Softwareprojekten zu arbeiten. Launchpad wird von den Ubuntu- und Kubuntu-Projekten und auch von verschiedenen anderen Projekten genutzt. +Registrierung +Um einen Fehler zu melden, muss man sich auf Launchpad unter als Benutzer registrieren. Für die Registrierung wird eine gültige E-Mail Adresse benötigt. + +Für jeden Programmfehler in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Launchpad kann benutzt werden, um Fehlerberichte für jede in den Ubuntu- und Kubuntu-Softwarequellen verfügbare Anwendung zu speichern. Wenn der Fehlerbericht für eine KDE-Anwendung gedacht ist, wird das KDE-Fehlerverfolgungswerkzeug (siehe oben) bevorzugt. + + + + + +Einen Absturzbericht speichern. +Wenn eine Anwendung in Kubuntu abstürzt, wird der entsprechende Absturzdialog erscheinen. Es ist normalerweise einfach, einen Fehlerbericht aus dem Dialog heraus zu speichern. Bei einer KDE-Anwendung wird der KDE-Absturzdialog mit Anleitungen zum Fehlerbericht erscheinen. Ansonsten wird der Ubuntu-Absturzdialog mit Anleitungen zum Speichern eines Fehlerberichts auf Launchpad erscheinen. + +KDE +Wenn eine Anwendung in KDE abstürzt, wird ein Absturzdialog präsentiert, der vergleichbar wie auf den folgenden Bildern aussieht. Das erste Bild zeigt den Reiter Allgemein, der einen Überblick über den Absturz zeigt. Das zweite Bild zeigt den Reiter Entwicklerinformation, der Informationen zur Ablaufverfolgung liefert, was nützlich für die Entwickler ist. + + +KDE-Absturzdialog (Reiter »Allgemein«) + + + + + + + + + +KDE Absturzdialog (Reiter »Entwicklerinformation«) + + + + + + + +Wenn die Informationen zur Ablaufverfolgung als verwertbar angenommen werden, ist das Speichern eines Fehlerberichts mit dem Absturzdialog-Assistenten sehr einfach. Wenn die Informationen zur Ablaufverfolgung nicht als verwertbar angenommen werden, dann ist es nicht möglich, mit dem Absturzdialog-Assistenten einen Fehlerbericht zu speichern. Der Fehler kann aber immer noch manuell unter hinterlegt werden. +Um den zu berichtenden Programmfehler-Prozess zu vollenden, folgen Sie dem folgenden Verfahren. +Einen Fehler nach einem Absturz berichten + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Fehler berichten. Es wird der folgende Dialog erscheinen. + + +Willkommen beim Assistenten zum Berichten von Fehlern + + + + + + + + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Weiter. Es wird der folgende Dialog erscheinen. + + +Was wissen Sie über den Absturz? + + + + + + + + + +Wählen Sie die entsprechenden Optionen. Die Drop-Down Box unter der Frage "Stürzt die Anwendung erneut ab, wenn Sie dieselbe Situation wiederholen?" beinhaltet verschiedene Optionen. + + +Stürzt die Anwendung erneut ab, wenn Sie dieselbe Situation wiederholen? + + + + + + + + + +Nachdem Sie die entsprechenden Optionen aus dem Dialog in den vorangegangenen Schritten ausgewählt haben, Drücken Sie Weiter. + + +Abhängig davon, welche Informationen in dem Fehlerbericht enthalten sind, wird einer von zwei Dialogen erscheinen. Einer davon ist ein Dialog, der anzeigt, dass nicht genügend Informationen für einen guten Bericht zur Verfügung stehen. Der andere Dialog zeigt an, dass die Informationen nützlich sind und dass es hilfreich ist, mit dem Erstellen des Fehlerberichts fortzufahren. + + +Nicht genügend Informationen für Entwickler, um mit dem Berichtsprozess fortzufahren. + + + + + + + + + +Diese Absturzinformationen sind nützlich + + + + + + + +Wenn nicht genügend Informationen vorhanden sind... +Könnte es nützlich sein, die richtigen Debug-Pakete zu installieren, um eine gute Ablaufverfolgung zu bekommen. Diese Pakete beinhalten kdebase-dbg, kdebase-workspace-dbg, kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + +Wenn genügend Informationen geliefert wurden, um mit dem Fehlerbericht fortzufahren, wird ein Dialog erscheinen, der es Ihnen erlaubt, sich bei KDE's Bugzilla anzumelden. + + +Anmeldung zur KDE-Fehlerdatenbank + + + + + + + +Benutzen Sie Ihre E-Mail Adresse als Benutzername. +Benutzen Sie die E-Mail Adresse, die benutzt wurde, um sich bei KDE's Bugzilla zu registrieren. + + + +Nachdem Sie sich mit Benutzername (E-Mail Adresse) und Passwort angemeldet haben, Drücken Sie den Knopf Login. Der Assistent wird nun nach Duplikaten Ihres Fehlerberichts suchen und den folgenden Dialog anzeigen. + + +Liste möglicher doppelter Fehlerberichte + + + + + + + + + +Wenn es möglicherweise ein Duplikat geben sollte, wählen Sie den Bericht in der Liste und drücken Sie den Knopf ausgewählten Bericht öffnen. Einer von zwei Dialogen wird nun angezeigt. + + +Der Bericht, den Sie ausgewählt haben, ist bereits als Duplikat des Fehlerberichts... markiert. + + + + + + + + + +Das Duplikat des von Ihnen ausgewählten Fehlerberichts anzeigen + + + + + + + + + +Wenn es wahrscheinlich ist, dass der Fehler ein Duplikat ist, drücken Sie den Knopfals mögliches Duplikat hinzufügen. Dies wird den Fehlerbericht speichern und die Entwickler darüber informieren, dass es sich möglicherweise um ein Duplikat handelt. Diese Vorgehensweise wird allgemein empfohlen, außer bei erfahrenen Benutzern, die sich sicher sind, dass es sich bei dem Fehler um kein Duplikat handelt. Wenn Sie den Knopf An diesen Bericht anhängen (Erweitert) drücken, werden die Absturzinformationen an den Bericht angehängt. +Wenn der Fehler kein Duplikat ist, drücken Sie in dem Dialog, der die möglichen Duplikate anzeigt, einfach den Knopf Weiter. Es wird nun ein weiterer Dialog mit Nach weiteren Berichten suchen. Um zu verhindern, dass nach weiteren Berichten gesucht wird und um mit dem Speichern des Fehlerberichts fortzufahren, drücken Sie den Knopf Keine wirklichen Duplikate vorhanden. Es wird ein Dialog erscheinen, in den Sie weitere Informationen bezüglich des Fehlerberichts eingeben können. + + +Fehlerbericht-Details + + + + + + + + + +Wenn die Details des Fehlerberichts komplett sind, drücken Sie Weiter. Der folgende Dialog wird angezeigt. + + +Berichtsvorschau + + + + + + + + + +Wenn die Informationen korrekt sind, drücken Sie Weiter. Der folgende Dialog wird angezeigt. + + +Fehlerbericht senden + + + + + + + + + +Gratulation zu einem erfolgreichen Fehlerbericht! Das Identifizieren und Berichten von Fehlern trägt essentiell zur Verbesserung von Kubuntu und KDE bei. Es werden nun einige E-Mails an die registrierte Adresse gesendet, um den Fortschritt zu dokumentieren und es Entwicklern zu erlauben, weitere Informationen zu dem Fehler zu erhalten. + + +Launchpad +Wenn eine nicht-KDE-Anwendung in Kubuntu abstürzt, wird eine Nachricht von Apport angezeigt. Die Nachricht sieht vergleichbar mit dem folgenden Bild aus. + +Apport Absturzbenachrichtigung + + + + + + + +Die Absturzinformationen können unterschiedlich sein +Die folgenden Bildschirmbilder wurden aufgenommen, indem die Anwendung VLC absichtlich zum Absturz gebracht wurde. Absturz-Dialoge anderer Anwendungen können anders aussehen. In der tatsächlichen Fehlersituation wird der Anwendungsname VLC durch den Namen der tatsächlich abgestürzten Anwendung ersetzt. + +Um den zu berichtenden Programmfehler-Prozess zu vollenden, folgen Sie dem folgenden Verfahren. +Einen Fehler nach einem Absturz berichten + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Details im System Notification Helper. Der folgende Dialog wird angezeigt. + + +Entschuldigung, das Programm »vlc« wurde unerwartet geschlossen. + + + + + + + + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Problem berichten.... Der Dialog Probleminformationen sammeln wird angezeigt. + +Sammeln von Informationen über das Problem + + + + + + + + + +Nachdem alle den Absturz betreffenden Informationen gesammelt wurden, wird ein Dialog angezeigt, der alle Details des Berichts enthält und der Bericht an die Entwickler gesendet. Drücken Sie den Knopf Details... um die Details zu dem Fehlerbericht anzusehen. Der folgende Dialog wird angezeigt. + +Das Problem an die Entwickler senden? (Details) + + + + + + + + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Senden um den Bericht an die Entwickler zu senden. In diesem Fall wird der Bericht an Launchpad gesendet. Der folgende Dialog zur Fortschrittsanzeige wird angezeigt. + +Übermittle Probleminformationen + + + + + + + + + +Nachdem der Fortschrittsdialog komplettiert wurde, wird der Standard-Web Browser Launchpad öffnen und entweder die Anmeldeseite oder den Anfang der Online-Version des Fehlerberichtsprozesses anzeigen. Nachdem Sie sich angemeldet haben (falls nötig), wird die folgende Seite angezeigt. + +Bitte warten Sie während die Fehlerdaten bearbeitet werden... + + + + + + + + + +Wenn Launchpad mit der Bearbeitung der Fehlerdaten fertig ist, wird die folgende Seite angezeigt. + +Zusätzliche Fehlerbeseitigungsinformationen werden hinzugefügt... + + + + + + + + + +Drücken Sie Weiter. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Weitere Informationen + + + + + + + + + +Jede weitere Information über den Fehlerbericht, wie z.B. was getan wurde, als die Anwendung abstürzte, oder die Orte der online-Daten, die den Absturz verursacht haben könnten, kann nun eingegeben werden. Im folgenden, eine kurze Beschreibung dessen, was in dem Fehler in dieser Prozedur gespeichert wurde. + +Weitere Absturzinformationen (Komplett) + + + + + + + + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Fehlerbericht absenden am unteren Ende der Seite. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + +Gratulation zu einem erfolgreichen Fehlerbericht! Das Identifizieren und Berichten von Fehlern trägt essentiell zur Verbesserung von Kubuntu und KDE bei. Es werden nun einige E-Mails an die registrierte Adresse gesendet, um den Fortschritt zu dokumentieren und es Entwicklern zu erlauben, weitere Informationen zu dem Fehler zu erhalten. + + + + +Einen Nicht-Absturz-Bericht oder einen Bericht über eine Funktionseinschränkung speichern +Wenn eine Anwendung in Ihrer Funktion eingeschränkt ist (Regression), sollte ein Fehlerbericht über diese Anwendung gespeichert werden. Eine Regression tritt auf, wenn eine Funktion in einer vorhergehenden Ausgabe gegeben war, aber in der neuesten Ausgabe nicht mehr zur Verfügung steht. In den meisten Fällen wird ein solcher Fehlerbericht von denjenigen gespeichert, die mehr Erfahrung haben und die Beta-Qualität einer Software testen. Es gibt dennoch Situationen, in denen ein Benutzer ein Problem mit einer Anwendung, die nicht richtig funktioniert aber nicht abstürzt, berichten sollte. Die folgende Schrittfolge wird dabei helfen. + +KDE +Nicht-Absturz bezogene Fehlerberichte für KDE-Anwendungen werden mit einem Web Browser mittels erstellt. +Registrierung +Um einen Fehler zu berichten, muss eine Person für einen Zugang auf dem Fehlerberichtswerkzeug registriert sein. Das Werkzeug zum Berichten von Fehlern von KDE ist unter erreichbar. + +Einen Fehler ohne Absturz berichten + +Gehen Sie mit einem Web Browser auf und erstellen Sie entweder einen neuen Zugang oder melden Sie sich an. Wenn Sie angemeldet sind, wird folgende Seite angezeigt. + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + +Wählen Sie die Verknüpfung Report New Wish or Bug in der rechten oberen Ecke der Seite, um den Prozess der Fehlerberichtserstellung zu starten. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Continue. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + +Wählen Sie die entsprechende KDE Version aus (erforderlich) und die Distribution Method (sollte Ubuntu Packages sein) aus den Drop-Down Menüs aus. Drücken Sie Weiter, wenn Sie mit der Auswahl fertig sind. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + +Wenn die Anwendung, über die Sie einen Bericht abgeben möchten, in der Anwendungs-Liste ist, wählen Sie sie aus und drücken Sie den Knopf Weiter. Wenn die Anwendung nicht in der Liste aufgeführt ist, überspringen Sie diesen Schritt. + + +In der Auswahl Find unter der Anwendungs-Liste füllen Sie die Textbox Keyword Search mit dem Namen der Anwendung, über die Sie einen Bericht erstellen möchten. Dies sollte vergleichbar mit dem folgenden Bild aussehen. + +Auswahl der Anwendung (Nach der Anwendung suchen) + + + + + + + +Wenn Sie die Anwendung gefunden haben, wird eine Seite angezeigt, die ähnlich der vorherigen aussieht, aber die Anwendung markiert anzeigt. + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Continue. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Allgemeine Informationen + + + + + + + + + +In der Textbox Summary geben Sie eine Zusammenfassung der Informationen ein, vergleichbar mit dem Beispiel unter der Textbox. Wählen Sie in dem Drop-Down Menü Operating System Linux aus. Wenn alles komplett ist, Drücken Sie den Knopf Weiter. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Nach Duplikaten suchen + + + + + + + + + +Wenn ein Duplikat Ihres Fehlerberichts gefunden wurde, wählen Sie seine Nummer (ID), um ihn anzusehen. Wenn es sich um ein Duplikat handelt und weitere Informationen benötigt werden, dann geben Sie einfach einen Text in das große Eingabefeld ein und bestätigen Sie Ihre Eingabe. Wenn keine weiteren Informationen benötigt werden, muss auch nichts weiter eingegeben werden. Wenn keine Duplikate gefunden wurden, drücken Sie Weiter. Die folgende Seite wird angezeigt. + +Fehlereingabeformular + + + + + + + + + +Im Auswahlmenü Severity (required) sollte Bug - Bug report (no crashes) ausgewählt sein. Fügen Sie in die Textbox Long Description in English (required) alle relevanten Informationen ein. Drücken Sie anschließend auf den Knopf Continue. Die folgende Seite wird nun angezeigt. + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + +Gratulation zum Erstellen eines erfolgreichen Nicht-Absturz bezogenen Fehlerberichts! Identifizieren und Berichten von Fehlern ist essentiell um Kubuntu und KDE zu verbessern. Einige E-Mails können an die registrierte Adresse gesendet werden um über den Fortschritt zu aktualisieren oder um Entwicklern zu erlauben zusätzliche Informationen zum Fehler zu erhalten. + + +Launchpad +Die Eingabe von Nicht-Absturz bezogenen Fehlerberichten in nicht-KDE Anwendungen kann erfolgen entweder auf in einem Web Browser oder durch Benutzung der Apport Fehlerbericht Anwendung. Die folgende Prozedur demonstriert die Benutzung von Apport da dies der empfohlene Weg zum Erstellen von Ubuntu oder nicht-KDE bezogenen Fehlerberichten. +Einen Fehler ohne Absturz berichten + +Öffnen von KRunner, die Befehlsausführungs-Schnittstelle von KDE, durch Drücken von AltF2. + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + +Im KRunner-Dialog apport-bug -p +PROGRAMM_NAME eingeben. Ersetzen von PROGRAMM_NAME mit dem Namen des Programms für welches der Fehlerbericht ist. Drücken von Eingabe nach Fertigstellung. Es wird der folgende Dialog dargestellt. + +Sammeln von Informationen über das Problem + + + + + + + + + +Sobald das Sammeln von Informationen abgeschlossen wurde wird der folgende Dialog dargestellt. + +Problembericht an die Entwickler senden? + + + + + + + + + +Klicken Sie auf dem Knopf Details …, um Einzelheiten zum folgenden Bericht zu sehen. Es erscheint der folgende Dialog. + +Einzelheiten anzeigen + + + + + + + + + +Klicken Sie auf dem Knopf Senden, um den Bericht an die Entwickler zu senden. Es erscheint der folgende Fortschrittsdialog. + +Probleminformationen werden übermittelt + + + + + + + + + +Sobald die Informationen hochgeladen wurden, öffnet sich der Webbrowser und eine Seite ähnlich der folgenden wird dargestellt. + +Bitte warten, während die Fehlerinformationen verarbeitet werden. + + + + + + + +Nachdem die Fehlerinformationen verarbeitet wurden, wird die folgende Seite dargestellt. + +Berichten eines Fehlers... (Zusammenfassung) + + + + + + + + + +Eingabe der Fehler-Beschreibung im Text-Feld Zusammenfassung in einigen Worten. Nach Abschluss Klick auf den Weiter-Knopf. Es wird die folgende Seite dargestellt. + +Berichten eines Fehlers... (weitere Informationen) + + + + + + + + + +Eingabe von Fehler-Details im Text-Feld Weitere Information zur Fehler-Beschreibung. Nach Abschluss Klick auf den Fehler-Bericht übermitteln-Knopf. Es wird die folgende Seite dargestellt. + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + +Gratulation zum Erstellen eines erfolgreichen Nicht-Absturz bezogenen Fehlerberichts! Identifizieren und Berichten von Fehlern ist essentiell um Kubuntu und KDE zu verbessern. Einige E-Mails können an die registrierte Adresse gesendet werden um über den Fortschritt zu aktualisieren oder um Entwicklern zu erlauben zusätzliche Informationen zum Fehler zu erhalten. + + + + +Eine Funktionserweiterungsanfrage (Feature Request) oder eine Wunschmeldung abgeben +Der einfachste Weg eine neue Funktion anzufordern, entweder in einer Anwendung im Betriebssystem, ist ein Fehlerbericht, auch bekannt als Wunschlisten-Bericht. + +KDE +Einen Funktions-Anforderungs-Bericht in KDE zu erstellen ist genau das gleiche wie ein Nicht-Absturz KDE Fehlerbericht. + + +Launchpad +Einen Wunsch-Listen-Bericht in KDE zu erstellen ist genau das gleiche wie ein Nicht-Absturz KDE Fehlerbericht. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/es/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/es/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/es/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/es/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1231 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Informes de errores +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona paso a paso el procedimiento para rellenar informes de error en Kubuntu. + + + + +Tipos de informes de error +Generalmente hay tres tipos de informes de error: cuelgues, no cuelgues, y petición de característica. +Resumen de los tipos de error +Rotura + +Una aplicación o sistema se cuelga o falla. La mayoría de las veces, aparecerá un diálogo de error que se puede convertir en un informe de error. + + +No rotura + +Un error o regresión que no causa la rotura de la aplicación, pero hace que la aplicación deje de funcionar debidamente. + + +Petición de la característica + +También conocido como una lista de deseos, este tipo de informe se presenta para añadir una función a una aplicación o para cambiar algo en la aplicación que no se debe a una regresión o un cuelgue. + + + + + + +Rastreadores de error usados por <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Sistema de rastreo de errores de KDE + +KDE utiliza Bugzilla, un «Sistema de búsqueda de defectos». Bugzilla es una de las herramientas utilizadas en la comunidad de desarrolladores de código abierto. +Primero registrarse +Para informar un fallo, una persona debería tener una cuenta registrada en KDE's Bugzilla . Requiere una dirección de correo válida para el registro. + +Sólo para errores de KDE +Este sistema es sólo para errores relacionados a KDE. si la aplicación no forma parte de KDE, entonces el informe debería ser archivado en el sitio de launchpad. Observe la próxima sección, que cubre los informes referentes a launchpad + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad es una suite de herramientas que ayuda a personas y equipos a trabajar juntos en proyectos de software. Launchpad es utilizado por los Proyectos Ubuntu y Kubuntu, como también en otros varios proyectos de código libre. +Primero registrarse +Para informar de un error, una persona debe registrar una cuenta en Launchpad en . Para registrarse será necesario un correo electrónico válido. + +Para cualquier error en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Launchpad se puede usar para hacer un informe de error de cualquier aplicación disponible en los repositorios de Ubuntu o Kubuntu. Si el informe es de una aplicación KDE, es preferible usar sistema KDE Bug Tracking (arriba). + + + + + +Rellenar un informe de rotura +Cuando una aplicación falla en Kubuntu, aparecerá la caja de diálogo de fallo correspondiente. Es usualmente fácil de archivar un informe de error desde la misma caja de diálogo. Con una aplicación KDE, la caja de diálogo de fallo de KDE aparecerá junto con instrucciones para informar del error. De lo contrario, la caja de diálogo de fallo de Ubuntu aparecerá junto con instrucciones para archivar el error en Launchpad. + +KDE +Cuando una aplicación falla en KKDE, será presentada una caja de diálogo de fallo que será similar a las siguientes imágenes. La primera imagen muestra la pestaña general que proporciona una visión general acerca del fallo. La segunda imagen muestra la pestaña Información del desarrollador que proporciona información de rastreo que es de gran ayuda para los desarrolladores. + + +Diálogo de rotura de KDE (pestaña general) + + + + + + + + + +Diálogo de rotura de KDE (pestaña de información del desarrolador) + + + + + + + +Si la información de rastreo es considerada valiosa, archivar un informe de error es fácil con el asistente de la caja de diálogo de fallo. Si la información no es considerada valiosa, entonces no es posible archivar un informe de error con el asistente. El informe de error puede de todas maneras archivarse en . +Para completar el proceso de informe de error, siga el procedimiento siguiente. +Rellene el informe de error después de una rotura + +Pulse el botón Informe de error. Aparecerá el siguiente diálogo. + + +Bienvenido/a al asistente de informes + + + + + + + + + +Pulse el botón Siguiente. Aparecerá el siguiente diálogo. + + +¿Qué sabe acerca de este fallo? + + + + + + + + + +Seleccione las opciones aplicables. La caja desplegable bajo la pregunta, «¿Vuelve a fallar la aplicación si repite la misma situación?» tiene varias opciones. + + +¿Se vuelve a romper la aplicación si repite la misma situación? + + + + + + + + + +Después de seleccionar los elementos aplicables en el diálogo del paso previo, pulse el botón Siguientes. + + +Dependiendo de la información disponible en el informe de error, cualquiera de dos cajas de diálogo aparecerá. Una es una caja diálogo que indica que no hay suficiente información para archivar un buen informe. La otra es una caja de diálogo indicando que la información es útil, y que sería de gran ayuda que continúe con el archivado del informe. + + +No hay suficiente información para los desarrolladores para continuar el proceso de informe + + + + + + + + + +La información del fallo es útil + + + + + + + +Si hay suficiente información... +quizás sea necesario instalar los paquetes de depuración apropiados para poder conseguir un buen rastro. Tales paquetes incluyen kdebase-dbg, kdebase-workspace-dbg, kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + +Si se suministró suficiente información para continuar presentando un informe de error usando el asistente, aparecerá un dialogo para permitir acceder a Bugzilla de KDE. + + +Inicio de sesión en el sitio de administración de errores de KDE + + + + + + + +Use la dirección de correo como nombre de usuario +Use la dirección de correo que usó al registrarse en Bugzilla de KDE. + + + +Después de acceder con nombre de usuario (dirección de corre-el) y contraseña, pulse en el botón de Acceder . El asistente buscará duplicados y presentará el siguiente dialogo. + + +Lista de posibles duplicados del informe de error + + + + + + + + + +Si hay un informe duplicado, pulse en el informe en la lista y luego pulse en el botón Abrir informe seleccionado. Se mostrará la siguiente ventana de diálogo. + + +El informe que seleccionó ya está marcado como un error duplicado... + + + + + + + + + +Mostrar el informe de error duplicado que seleccionó + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Detalles del informe de error + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Vista previa del informe + + + + + + + + + +Si la información es correcta, pulse el botón Siguiente. Aparecerá la siguiente ventana de diálogo. + + +Enviar el informe de fallo + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad +Cuando una aplicación que no es KDE se cuelga en Kubuntu, aparece una notificación emergente de Apport que es similar a la imagen siguiente. + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +La información de rotura puede ser diferente + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + +Para completar el proceso de informe de error, siga el procedimiento siguiente. +Rellene el informe de error después de una rotura + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Lo sentimos, el programa «vlc» se cerró inesperadamente. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Recopilando información del problema + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +¿Enviar el informe del problema a los desarrolladores? (Detalles) + + + + + + + + + +Pulse en el botón Enviar para enviar el informe a los desarrolladores. En este caso, se enviará a Launchpad. Se mostrará el siguiente diálogo de progreso. + +Enviando la información del problema + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Espere, los datos del error se están procesando... + + + + + + + + + +Cuando Launchpad termine de procesar los datos del error, se mostrará la página. + +Se añadirá información extra de depuración... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Más información + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Más información (Completado) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Gracias por su informe + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Rellenando un informe de no rotura o regresión + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Primero registrarse + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Rellenar un informe de error sin rotura + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Bienvenido/a al sistema de rastreo de errores de KDE + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Bienvenido/a al asistente de informe de error de KDE + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Configuración del software + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Selección de aplicación + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Selección de aplicación (Buscar aplicación) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Información general + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Comprobar si hay informes de error duplicados + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Formulario de entrada de error + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Error enviado + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Rellenar un informe de error sin rotura + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Recopilando información del problema + + + + + + + + + +Cuando se ha completado la recolección de información, aparecerá el siguiente diálogo. + +¿Enviar un informe del problema a los desarrolladores? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Detalles del informe + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Enviando información del problema + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Espere a que se procesen los datos del error. + + + + + + + +Una vez se han procesado los datos del error, aparecerá la siguiente página. + +Informe de un error... (Resumen) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Informe de un error... (Más información) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Gracias por su informe + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/et/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/et/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/et/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/et/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1196 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Vigadest teatamine +&legalnotice; + +See dokument sisaldab samm-sammult juhendit Kubuntu veateadete arhiveerimise kohta. + + + + +Veateadete tüübid +Üldiselt on kolme tüüpi vearaporteid: krahh, mittekrahh ja funktsiooni palumine. +Veatüüpide ülevaade +Krahh + +Rakenduse või süsteemi krahh või nurjumine. Enamasti kuvatakse krahhidialoog, mille saab muuta vearaportiks. + + +Mittekrahh + +Viga või regressioon, mis ei põhjusta rakenduse krahhi, aga takistab rakendusel korralikult töötada. + + +Funktsiooni palumine + +Tuntud ka kui soovinimekirja üksus. Selline teade esitatakse, kui palutakse rakendusele funktsioon lisada või muuta midagi, mille põhjuseks pole regressioon või krahh. + + + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> poolt kasutatavad vigade jälgijad + +KDE vigade jälgimise süsteem + +KDE kasutab Bugzillat, "Defektijälgimissüsteemi". Bugzilla on üks populaarsemaist vabavara arenduskeskkonnas kasutatavaid tööriistu. +Esmalt registreeru +Veast teatamiseks peab olema registreeritud konto KDE Bugzillas aadressil . Registreerimiseks on vajalik kehtiv e-posti aadress. + +Ainult KDE vigase jaoks +See süsteem on ainult KDEga seotud vigade jaoks. Kui rakendus pole KDE osa, siis tuleks teade esitada hoopis Launchpadis. Palun vaata järgmist osa, milles on juttu Launchpadis teadete esitamisest. + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad on avatud lähtekoodiga tööriistakomplekt, mis aitab inimestel ja meeskondadel koos tarkvaraprojektidega töötada. Launchpadi kasutavad Ubuntu ja Kubuntu projektid, samuti mitmed teised avatud lähtekoodiga projektid. +Esmalt registreeru +Veast teatamiseks peab Launcpadis olema registreeritud konto aadressil . Registreerimiseks on vajalik kehtiv e-posti aadress. + +Iga vea jaoks <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>s + +Launchpad can be used to file a bug report for any application available in the +Ubuntu or Kubuntu repositories. If the report is for a KDE application, the +KDE Bug Tracking system (above) is preferred. + + + + + + +Krahhiaruande täitmine + +When an application crashes in Kubuntu, the appropriate crash dialog will +appear. It is usually easy to file a bug report from the dialog. With a KDE +application, the KDE crash dialog will appear along with instructions +for reporting the bug. Otherwise, the Ubuntu crash dialog will appear with +instructions for filing a bug on Launchpad. + + +KDE + +When an application crashes in KDE, a crash dialog will be presented that is +similar to the following images. The first image shows the +General tab which provides an overview of the crash. The +second image shows the Developer Information tab which +provides trace information that is useful to developers. + + + +KDE krahhidialoog (vahekaart Üldine) + + + + + + + + + +KDE krahhidialoog (Arendaja teabe vahekaart) + + + + + + + + +If the trace information is deemed valuable, filing a bug report is +easy with the crash dialog wizard. If the trace is not deemed valuable, then it +is not possible to file a bug report with the wizard. The bug report can still +be filed manually at . + +Vigadest teatamise protsessi lõpuniviimiseks toimi järgmiselt. +Veateate esitamine pärast krahhi + +Klõpsa nuppu Teata veast. Seejärel ilmub järgmine dialoog. + + +Tere tulemast kasutama veateate saatmise nõustajat + + + + + + + + + +Klõpsa nuppu Edasi. Seejärel ilmub järgmine dialoog. + + +Sinu teadmised krahhi kohta + + + + + + + + + +Vali rakendatavad valikud. Hüpikmenüüs on küsimuse all "Kas rakendust tabab jälle krahh, kui kordub samasugune olukord?" on saadaval mitmeid valikuid. + + +Kas sama olukorra kordumisel tabab rakendust uuesti krahh? + + + + + + + + + +Peale rakendatavate elementide eelmise sammu dialoogist valimist klõpsa Järgmine nuppu. + + +Olenevalt kättesaadavast informatsioonist krahhi aruande kohta kuvatakse kaks dialoogi. Üks dialoog näitab seda, kas seal ei ole piisavalt informatsiooni hea aruande registrisse panemiseks. Teine dialoog kuvab informatsiooni, mis on kasulik ning võib olla abiks aruande täitmise juures. + + +Veast teatamise protsessi jätkamiseks pole piisavalt teavet arendajate jaoks + + + + + + + + + +See teave krahhi kohta on kasulik + + + + + + + +Kui polnud piisavalt teavet... +Võimalik, et sobiva silumispaketi paigaldamine on vajalik selleks, et saada head tõrkejälge. Need paketid on kdebase-dbg, kdebase-workspace-dbg, kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + +Kui on olemas piisavalt informatsiooni, et jätkata veaaruande täitmist, kasutades selleks abilist, kuvatakse dialoog, mis lubab KDE Bugzillasse logimist. + + +Sisselogimine KDE vigade jälgimise süsteemi + + + + + + + +Kasuta e-posti aadressi kasutajanimena +Kasuta e-posti aadressi, millega registreerusid KDE Bugzilla kasutajaks. + + + +Klõpsa peale kasutajanimega (e-posti aadress) ja parooliga sisselogimist Sisselogimise nuppu. Abiline kontrollib duplikaate ning kuvab järgneva dialoogi. + + +Veateate võimalike duplikaatide nimekiri + + + + + + + + + +Kui on võimalik teha aruandest duplikaat, klõpsa loendis olevale aruandele ning klõpsa Ava valitud aruanne nuppu. Seejärel kuvatakse üks kahest järgmistest dialoogidest. + + +Sinu valitud raport on juba märgistatud koopiana... + + + + + + + + + +Valitud vearaporti koopia näitamine + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Veateate üksikasjad + + + + + + + + + +Kui vearaporti üksikasjad on lõpetanud, klõpsa Järgmine nuppu. Seejärel kuvatakse järgnev dialoog. + + +Veateate eelvaatlus + + + + + + + + + +Kui informatsioon tundub olema õige, klõpsa Järgmine nuppu. Seejärel kuvatakse järgnev dialoog. + + +Veateate saatmine + + + + + + + + + +Õnnitleme eduka veateate puhul! Vigade kindlaks tegemine ja nendest teatamine on väga oluline, et parandada Kubuntut ja KDE-d. Mõned e-kirjad saadetakse, et registreerida aadress selleks, et uuendada edenemist või lubada arendajatel saada lisainformatsiooni vigade kohta. + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport krahhi hüpikakna märguanne + + + + + + + +Krahhiteave võib olla erinev + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + +Vigadest teatamise protsessi lõpuniviimiseks toimi järgmiselt. +Veateate esitamine pärast krahhi + +Klõpsa nuppu Üksikasjad rakenduses System Notification Helper. Seejärel kuvatakse järgmine dialoog. + + +Vabandust, kuid programm "vlc" sulgus ootamatult. + + + + + + + + + +Kõpsa nuppu Teata probleemist.... Seejärel kuvatakse edenemise dialoog Probleemiteabe kogumine. + +Probleemi kohta andmete kogumine + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Kas saada arendajatele teade probleemist? (Üksikasjad) + + + + + + + + + +Arendajatele teate saatmiseks Klõpsa nuppu Saada. Sel juhul saadetakse teade Launchpadi. Kuvatakse järgmine edenemise dialoog. + +Probleemi kohta käiva teabe üleslaadimine + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Palun oota kuni vea andmeid töödeldakse... + + + + + + + + + +Kui Launchpad on vea andmete töötlemise lõpetanud, siis kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Lisatakse lisa silumisteave... + + + + + + + + + +Klõpsa nuppu Edasi. Kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Lisateave + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Edasine teave (Lõpetatud) + + + + + + + + + +Klõpsa lehe allosas nuppu Saada veateade. Kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Aitäh vearaporti eest + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Mittekrahhi või regressiooniraporti täitmine + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Esmalt registreeru +Veast teatamiseks peab olema registreeritud konto vigade jälgijas. KDE vigade jälgija asub siin: . + +Veateate esitamine ilma krahhita + +Ava veebilehtsejas link ja loo uus konto või logi sisse. Kui oled sisse loginud, kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Tere tulemast KDE vigade jälgimise süsteemi + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Tere tulemas KDE vearaporti nõustajasse! + + + + + + + + + +Klõpsa nuppu Jätka. Kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Tarkvara seadistus + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Rakenduse valimine + + + + + + + + + +Kui rakendus, mille veast tahad teatada on loendis Rakendus, vali see ja vajuta nuppu Jätka. Kui rakendust pole loendis, siis mine järgmise sammu juurde. + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Rakenduse valimine (rakenduse otsimine) + + + + + + + +Kui rakendus on leitud, kuvatakse eelmisele sarnane lehekülg, millel on rakendus esile tõstetud. + + +Klõpsa nuppu Jätka. Kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Üldine teave + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Veakirje vorm + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Viga saadetud + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Veateate esitamine ilma krahhita + +Ava KRunner, KDE käivituskäsu liides, vajutades AltF2. + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Probleemi kohta andmete kogumine + + + + + + + + + +Kui teabe kogumine on lõpetatud, kuvatakse järgnev dialoog. + +Kas saata arendajatele vearaport? + + + + + + + + + +Klõpsa nuppu Üksikasjad..., et näha teate üksikasju. Kuvatakse järgmine dialoog. + +Raporti üksikasjad + + + + + + + + + +Teate arendajatele saatmiseks klõpsa nuppu Saada. Kuvatakse järgmine edenemise dialoog. + +Vea andmete üleslaadimine + + + + + + + + + +Kui teave on üles laaditud, avab veebilehitseja järgmisele sarnase lehe. + +Palun oota kuni vea andmeid töödeldakse. + + + + + + + +Kui vea andmed on töödeldud, kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Veast teatamine... (Kokkuvõte) + + + + + + + + + +Sisesta tekstikasti Kokkuvõte vea mõnesõnaline kirjeldus. Kui valmis, klõpsa nuppu Edasi. Kuvatakse järgmine lehekülg. + +Veast teatamine... (Edasine teave) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Aitäh vearaporti eest + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/fr/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/fr/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/fr/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/fr/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1288 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Rapports de bogues +&legalnotice; + +Ce document présente les procédures étape par étape, pour remplir les rapports de bogues de Kubuntu. + + + + +Types de rapports de bogues +Généralement, il y a trois types de rapport de bogues : bloquant (plantage), non-bloquant et demande d'ajout de fonctionnalité. +Présentation des types de bogues +Plantage + +Le plantage ou une panne d'une application ou du système. La plupart du temps, un message d'erreur que vous pourrez transformer en rapport de bogue vous sera présenté. + + +Erreur non-bloquante + +Un bogue ou une régression qui ne provoque pas le plantage de l'application mais qui peut empêcher le fonctionnement correct de l'application. + + +Demande d'ajout de fonctionnalité + +Ce type de rapport, se présentant comme un souhait (« whishlist »), est rempli dans le but d'ajouter une fonctionnalité à une application ou de modifier quelque chose dans celle-ci qui n'est pas dû à une régression ou à un plantage. + + + + + + +Systèmes de suivi des bogues utilisé par <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Système de suivi de bogue de KDE + +KDE utilise Bugzilla, un « système de suivi d'anomalie ». Bugzilla est l'un des outils les plus populaires utilisé par la communauté de développement de logiciels libres. +Inscrivez-vous d'abord +Pour remplir un rapport de bogue, vous devez être inscrit sur le Bugzilla (système de suivi de bogues) de KDE . Une adresse électronique valable est requise. + +Uniquement pour les bogues de KDE +Ce système est réservé aux bogues concernant KDE. Si l'application ne fait pas partie de KDE, alors le rapport d'erreur doit être rempli sur Launchpad. Veuillez consulter la section suivante, qui traite des rapports de bogues concernant Launchpad. + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad est un ensemble d'outils libres aidant les individus et les équipes à collaborer sur des projets de logiciels. Launchpad est utilisé pour Ubuntu et Kubuntu ainsi que divers autres projets libres. +Inscrivez-vous d'abord +Pour rapporter un bogue, vous devez d'abord créer un compte sur Launchpad . Une adresse électronique valable est requise pour s'inscrire. + +Pour tous les bogues de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Launchpad peut être utilisé pour remplir un rapport d'erreur pour n'importe quelle application disponible sur les dépôts Ubuntu ou Kubuntu. Si le rapport concerne une application KDE, il est préférable d'utiliser le système de suivi de bogues KDE (ci-dessus). + + + + + +Remplir un rapport de bogue (dû à un plantage) +Lorsqu'une application plante dans Kubuntu, le message d'erreur approprié sera affiché. Il est généralement facile de remplir un rapport de bogue depuis ce message. Avec une application KDE, le rapport de plantage de KDE apparaîtra ainsi qu'une aide pour le signalement du bogue. Sinon, le rapport de plantage Ubuntu apparaîtra ainsi qu'une aide pour le signalement du bogue sur Launchpad. + +KDE +Lorsqu'une application plante dans un KDE, un rapport de plantage sera présenté qui sera similaire aux images suivantes : la première image montre l'onglet Général qui résume le plantage, la seconde image montre l'onglet Informations pour le développeur qui fournit des informations de traçage de l'erreur qui sont utiles aux développeurs. + + +Rapport de plantage de KDE (onglet général) + + + + + + + + + +Rapport de plantage KDE (onglet information pour le développeur) + + + + + + + +Si les informations de traçage sont jugées intéressantes, remplir un rapport de bogue est facile avec l'assistant de rapport de plantage. Si les informations de traçage ne sont pas pertinentes, il n'est alors pas possible de remplir un rapport de bogue avec l'assistant. Le rapport de bogue peut toujours être rempli manuellement sur . +Pour accomplir le processus de rapport de bogue, suivez la procédure indiquée ci-dessous. +Remplir le rapport rapport de bogue après un plantage + + +Click the Report Bug button. +The following dialog will appear. + + + +Welcome to the Reporting Assistant + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following dialog will appear. + + + +What do you know about the crash? + + + + + + + + + + +Select the applicable options. The drop-down box under the question, +"Does the application crash again if you repeat the +same situation?" has several options. + + + +Does the application crash again if you repeat the same situation? + + + + + + + + + + +After selecting the applicable items from the dialog in the previous step, +click the Next button. + + + + +Depending on the information available in the crash report, either of two +dialogs will appear. One is a dialog that indicates that there is not enough +information to file a good report. The other is a dialog indicating that the +information is useful, and that it would be helpful to continue with filing the +report. + + + +Not enough information for developers to continue the reporting process + + + + + + + + + +This crash information is useful + + + + + + + +If there was not enough information... + +It may be necessary to install the proper debug packages in order to get a good +trace. Such packages include kdebase-dbg, +kdebase-workspace-dbg, +kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + + + +If enough information was provided to continue filing a bug report using +the assistant, a dialog will appear to allow logging in to KDE's Bugzilla. + + + +KDE Bug Tracking System Login + + + + + + + +Use e-mail address as username + +Use the e-mail address that was used to register with KDE's Bugzilla. + + + + + +After logging in with username (e-mail address) and password, +click the Login button. The +assistant will check for duplicates and display the following dialog. + + + +Bug Report Possible Duplicates List + + + + + + + + + + +If there is a possible duplicate report, click the +report in the list and then click the Open +selected report button. Either of the following dialogs will be +presented. + + + +The report you selected is already marked as a duplicate of bug... + + + + + + + + + +Showing the duplicate bug report you selected + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Details of the Bug Report + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Preview Report + + + + + + + + + + +If the information looks correct, click the +Next button. The following dialog will be presented. + + + +Send Crash Report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +Crash information may be different + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + +Pour accomplir le processus de rapport de bogue, suivez la procédure indiquée ci-dessous. +Remplir le rapport rapport de bogue après un plantage + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Sorry, the program "vlc" closed unexpectedly. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. In this case, it will send the report to +Launchpad. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading problem information + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + + +When Launchpad is finished processing the bug data, the following page will be +presented. + + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Further information + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Non-Crash or Regression Report + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Inscrivez-vous d'abord + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +General Information + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +When the collection of information has been completed, the following dialog +will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Report Details + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed. + + + + + + + + +After the bug data is processed, the following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/it/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/it/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/it/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/it/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1050 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Segnalazione degli errori +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento fornisce procedure guidate per l'inoltro di segnalazioni di errore in Kubuntu. + + + + +Tipi di segnalazione +In generale, esistono tre tipi di segnalazione di errore: crash, non crash e richiesta funzionalità. +Panoramica dei tipi di errore +Crash + +Blocco o guasto di un'applicazione o del sistema. La maggior parte delle volte viene visualizzata una finestra del crash che può essere trasformata in una segnalazione errore. + + +Non crash + +Un errore o una regressione che non causa il blocco dell'applicazione ma fa sì che essa cessi di funzionare correttamente. + + +Richiesta funzionalità + +Conosciuto anche come elemento «wish list», questo tipo di segnalazione viene inoltrato per aggiungere una funzione a un'applicazione, o per modificare qualcosa in essa che non causi una regressione o un blocco. + + + + + + +Sistemi di tracciamento degli errori utilizzati da <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Il sistema di tracciamento degli errori di KDE + +KDE usa Bugzilla, un «sistema di tracciamento dei difetti». Bugzilla è uno degli strumenti più popolari utilizzati nella comunità di sviluppo open source. +Prima registratevi +Per inviare una segnalazione di errore, l'utente deve creare un account nel Bugzilla di KDE in . È necessario un indirizzo di posta elettronica valido per la registrazione. + +Solo per i bug di KDE +Questo sistema è valido solo per gli errori concernenti KDE. Se l'applicazione non fa parte di KDE, allora la segnalazione deve essere invece inviata a Launchpad. Leggere la sezione successiva, che spiega l'invio delle segnalazioni riguardanti Launchpad. + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad è una suite di strumenti open source che aiuta le persone e i gruppi a lavorare insieme sui progetti software. Launchpad è utilizzato dai progetti Ubuntu e Kubuntu, così come da altri vari progetti open source. +Prima registratevi +Per segnalare un errore, l'utente deve crearsi un account in Launchpad a . È necessario un indirizzo di posta elettronica valido per la registrazione. + +Per tutti gli errori in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Launchpad può essere utilizzato per inviare una segnalazione di errore per qualsiasi applicazione disponibile nei depositi Ubuntu o Kubuntu. Se la segnalazione riguarda un'applicazione KDE, è preferibile usare il sistema di tracciamento degli errori di KDE (sopra). + + + + + +Inviare una segnalazione di crash +Quando in Kubuntu si blocca un'applicazione, appare l'appropriata finestra di dialogo per il crash. In genere è facile inviare una segnalazioine di errore dalla finestra. Con le applicazioni KDE appare la finestra di crash di KDE, insieme con le istruzioni per la segnalazione dell'errore. In caso contrario, apparirà la finestra di crash di Ubuntu con le istruzioni per l'invio dell'errore in Launchpad. + +KDE +Quando un'applicazione si blocca in KDE, apparirà una finestra di crash simile alle seguenti immagini. La prima immagine mostra la scheda Generale, che fornisce una panoramica del blocco. La seconda immagine mostra la scheda Informazioni sviluppatore, che fornisce informazioni utili per gli sviluppatori. + + +Finestra di crash KDE (scheda Generale) + + + + + + + + + +Finestra di crash KDE (scheda Informazioni sviluppatore) + + + + + + + +Se l'informazione è stimata di valore, l'invio di una segnalazione di errore è facile con la procedura guidata per l'invio del crash. Se la traccia non è considerata di valore, allora non è possibile inviare la segnalazione tramite la procedura guidata. La segnalazione di errore può essere ancora registrata manualmente in . +Per completare il processo di segnalazione dell'errore, seguire la procedura qui sotto. +Inviare una segnalazione di errore dopo un blocco + +Fate clic sul pulsante Segnala errore. Apparirà la seguente finestra di dialogo. + + +Benvenuto all'assistente di segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Successivo. Apparirà la seguente finestra. + + +Cosa sai sull'errore? + + + + + + + + + +Selezionate le opzioni applicabili. La casella a discesa sotto la domanda "L'applicazione presenta lo stesso errore se ricrei la stessa situazione?" ha diverse opzioni. + + +L'applicazione presenta lo stesso errore se ricrei la stessa situazione? + + + + + + + + + +Dopo aver selezionato le voci applicabili dalla finestra di dialogo nel passaggio precedente, fate clic sul pulsante Successivo. + + +A seconda delle informazioni disponibili nella segnalazione errore possono apparire due finestre distinte. Una indica che non esistono sufficienti informazioni per inviare una buona segnalazione. L'altra è una finestra che indica che l'informazione è utile e che sarebbe di aiuto proseguire con l'invio. + + +Informazioni non sufficienti per continuare il processo di segnalazione agli sviluppatori + + + + + + + + + +Queste informazioni sull'errore sono utili + + + + + + + +Se non vi sono sufficienti informazioni... +Potrebbe essere necessario installare i pacchetti di debug corretti per ottenere una buona traccia. Tali pacchetti includono kdebase-dbg, kdebase-workspace-dbg, kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + +Se non vengono fornite sufficienti informazioni per continuare a inviare una segnalazione di errore utilizzando l'assistente, apparirà una finestra di dialogo che permetterà l'accesso a Bugzilla di KDE. + + +Accesso al sistema di tracciamento degli errori di KDE + + + + + + + +Usate l'indirizzo di posta elettronica come nome utente +Utilizzate l'indirizzo di posta elettronica usato per registrarvi con Bugzilla di KDE. + + + +Dopo aver effettuato l'accesso col nome utente (indirizzo di posta elettronica) e la password, fate clic sul pulsante Accedi. L'assistente controllerà i duplicati e mostrerà la seguente finestra. + + +Elenco dei possibili duplicati della segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Se esiste un possibile duplicato della segnalazione, fate clic sulla segnalazione nell'elenco, poi sul pulsante Apri la segnalazione selezionata. Sarà visualizzata una delle seguenti finestre. + + +La segnalazione selezionata è già contrassegnata come duplicato di un errore... + + + + + + + + + +Mostrare la segnalazione di errore duplicata selezionata + + + + + + + + + +Se l'errore sembra essere un duplicato, fate clic sul pulsante Aggiungi come duplicato possibile. Questo invierà la segnalazione e informerà gli sviluppatori che può essere un duplicato. Si raccomanda questa procedura, eccetto nei casi di utenti esperti per i quali è chiaro che esso non è un duplicato. Fare clic su Allega a questa segnalazione (Avanzate) allegherà l'informazione di errore alla segnalazione. +Se l'errore non è un duplicato, basta fare clic su Avanti nella finestra che mostra i duplicati possibili. Apparirà una finestra con la scritta Fammi vedere altre segnalazioni. Per prevenire il controllo di altre segnalazioni e continuare a preparare la segnalazione, fate clic sul pulsante Non ci sono duplicati veri. Apparirà una finestra in cui inserire informazioni aggiuntive sulla segnalazione. + + +Dettagli della segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Una volta completati i dettagli della segnalazione di errore, fate clic sul pulsante Successivo. Verrà visualizzata la seguente finestra. + + +Anteprima della segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Se l'informazione sembra corretta, fate clic sul pulsante Successivo. Verrà mostrata la seguente finestra. + + +Invia segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Congratulazioni per la segnalazione di errore! Identificare e segnalare errori è essenziale per migliorare Kubuntu e KDE. Potrebbero essere inviati diversi messaggi di posta elettronica all'indirizzo di registrazione per aggiornare i progressi o per consentire agli sviluppatori di ottenere informazioni aggiuntive sull'errore. + + +Launchpad +Quando un'applicazione non KDE va in crash in Kubuntu, appare una finestra di notifica da Apport, simile alla seguente immagine. + +Finestra di notifica di crash di Apport + + + + + + + +Le informazioni sul crash possono essere diverse +Le seguenti istantanee sono state create mandando in crash deliberatamente l'applicazione VLC. Le finestre di crash associate ad altre applicazioni sono diverse. In una situazione di errore reale, il nome dell'applicazione, VLC, sarà sostituito da quello dell'applicazione che si è realmente bloccata. + +Per completare il processo di segnalazione dell'errore, seguire la procedura qui sotto. +Inviare una segnalazione di errore dopo un blocco + +Fate clic sul pulsante Dettagli sul Aiuto per la notifica del sistema. Verrà visualizzata la seguente finestra. + + +Chiusura inattesa del programma «vlc» + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Segnala problema.... Sarà visualizzata la finestra di avanzamento Raccolta informazioni sul problema. + +Raccolta informazioni sul problema + + + + + + + + + +Dopo aver raccolto tutte le informazioni relative al crash, verrà visualizzata una finestra che mostra il dettaglio della segnalazione, ed essa verrà inviata agli sviluppatori. Fate clic sul pulsante Dettagli... per visualizzare i dettagli della segnalazione. Verrà visualizzata la seguente finestra. + +Inviare la segnalazione del problema agli sviluppatori? (Dettagli) + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Invia per inviare la segnalazione agli sviluppatori. In questo caso, la segnalazione sarà inviata a Launchpad. Verrà visualizzata la seguente finestra di avanzamento. + +Invio informazioni sul problema + + + + + + + + + +Dopo che la finestra di avanzamento si completa, il browser web predefinito apre Launchpad e mostra la pagina di accesso o l'inizio della versione in linea del processo di segnalazione errori. Dopo aver eseguito l'accesso (se necessario), viene mostrata la seguente pagina. + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + +Dopo che Launchpad ha terminato l'elaborazione dei dati, viene mostrata la seguente pagina. + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Successivo. Verrà mostrata la seguente pagina. + +Ulteriori informazioni + + + + + + + + + +Può essere aggiunta qualsiasi informazione aggiuntiva sulla segnalazione errore, tipo cosa si stava facendo durante il crash, o la posizione dei file in linea che possono averlo causato. Quello che segue è una breve descrizione aggiunta alla segnalazione in questa procedura. + +Ulteriori informazioni (Completato) + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Invia segnalazione errore nella parte inferiore della pagina. Verrà mostrata la seguente pagina. + +Grazie per la vostra segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash report! L'identificazione e la segnalazione degli errori sono essenziali per migliorare Kubuntu. Potrebbero essere inviati dei messaggi di posta elettronica all'indirizzo di registrazione per aggiornare i progressi o consentire agli sviluppatori di ottenere informazioni aggiuntive sull'errore. + + + + +Eseguire una segnalazione di 'non errore' o di regressione +Se un'applicazione ha regredito nelle sue funzionalità, il bug dovrebbe essere segnalato. Si verifica una regressione quando una caratteristica funzionante in un rilascio precedente cessa di funzionare nella versione corrente. Nella maggior parte dei casi, questo tipo di segnalazione dagli utenti di maggior esperienza che stanno testando la qualità del software. Esistono, tuttavia, situazioni in cui in utente necessita di segnalare un problema su un applicazione che non va in crash, però non sta funzionando bene. La seguente procedura aiuterà allo scopo. + +KDE +La segnalazione di 'non errori' per KDE va eseguita tramite browser web utilizzando . +Prima registratevi +Per eseguire una segnalazione, un utente deve essere registrato al sistema di registrazione errori. Il sistema di registrazione di KDE si trova in . + +Eseguire una segnalazione errori senza crash + +Andate all'indirizzo con un browser web e create un nuovo account o eseguite l'accesso. Una volta dentro, vi sarà mostrata la pagina seguente (in Inglese). + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul collegamento Report New Wish or Bug nell'angolo superiore destro della pagina per avviare la segnalazione dell'errore. Verrà mostrata la seguente pagina. + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Continue. verrà presentata la seguente pagina. + +Configurazione del software + + + + + + + + + +Selezionate l'appropriata KDE Version (richiesta) e il Distribution Method (deve essere Ubuntu Packages) dai menu a discesa. Fate clic sul pulsante Continue una volta terminato con le selezioni. Verrà mostrata la seguente pagina. + +Selezione dell'applicazione + + + + + + + + + +Se l'applicazione da segnalare è nell'elenco Application, selezionatela e premete il pulsante Continue. Se non è presente, andate al passaggio successivo. + + +Nella sezione Find sotto l'elenco Application, inserite nella campo Keyword Search l'applicazione da segnalare. Dovrebbe essere simile alla seguente immagine. + +Selezione dell'applicazione (Ricerca) + + + + + + + +Se l'applicazione è individuata, verrà mostrata evidenziata in una pagina simile a quella precedente. + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Continue. verrà presentata la seguente pagina. + +Informazioni generali + + + + + + + + + +Nel campo Summary digitate un riepilogo informativo simile all'esempio sotto il campo di testo. Selezionate Linux nel menu a discesa Operating System. Una volta completato, fate clic sul pulsante Continue. Verrà mostrata la pagina seguente. + +Controllo per segnalazioni di errore duplicate + + + + + + + + + +Se viene trovato un duplicato, fate clic sul numero identificativo dell'errore per visualizzare la segnalazione. Se è un duplicato e sono necessarie altre informazioni, digitate semplicemente il testo nel campo di testo grande, poi confermate. Se non sono necessarie altre informazioni, non deve essere inserito nulla. Se non vengono trovati duplicati della segnalazione, fate clic sul pulsante Continue. Verrà mostrata la pagina seguente. + +Modulo della voce dell'errore + + + + + + + + + +Il menu a discesa Severity (richiesto) deve mostrare l'opzione Bug - Bug report (no crashes). Nella campo di testo Long Description in English (richiesto), inserite tutte le informazioni relative alla segnalazione errori. Una volta completato, fate clic sul pulsante Continue. Verrà presentata la seguente pagina. + +Errore inviato + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related bug report! L'identificazione e la segnalazione degli errori sono essenziali per migliorare Kubuntu e KDE. Potrebbero essere inviati dei messaggi di posta elettronica all'indirizzo di registrazione per aggiornare i progressi o permettere agli sviluppatori di ottenere informazioni aggiuntive sull'errore. + + +Launchpad +L'invio di segnalazione errori non collegati a crash nelle applicazioni non KDE può essere eseguito tramite un browser web alla pagina , oppure utilizzando l'applicazione di segnalazione errori Apport. La seguente procedura mostrerà l'uso di Apport, essendo il metodo raccomandato di invio errori di Ubuntu o non KDE. +Eseguire una segnalazione errori senza crash + +Aprite KRunner, l'interfaccia per l'esecuzione di comandi di KDE, premendo AltF2. + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + +Nella finestra di KRunner digitate apport-bug -p +NOME_PROGRAMMA. Sostituite NOME_PROGRAMMA col nome del programma per cui effettuare la segnalazione di errore. Premete Invio una volta terminato. Verrà mostrata la seguente finestra. + +Raccolta informazioni sul problema + + + + + + + + + +Quando saranno raccolte tutte le informazioni, verrà mostrata la seguente finestra. + +Inviare la segnalazione del problema agli sviluppatori? + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Dettagli... per visualizzare i dettagli della segnalazione da seguire. Verrà presentata la seguente finestra. + +Dettagli della segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Invia per inviare la segnalazione agli sviluppatori. Verrà presentata la seguente finestra. + +Invio informazioni sul problema + + + + + + + + + +Dopo aver caricato le informazioni, si aprirà il browser web e mostrerà una pagina simile alla seguente. + +Attendete che i dati della segnalazione vengano elaborati. + + + + + + + +Dopo che i dati sono stati elaborati, verrà mostrata la seguente pagina (in Inglese). + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + +Inserite un testo descrittivo di poche parole nel campo Summary per l'errore. Una volta terminato, fate clic sul pulsante Next. Verrà mostrata la pagina seguente. + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + +Inserite un testo descrittivo dettagliato dell'errore nel campo Further information. Una volta terminato, fate clic sul pulsante Submit Bug Report. Verrà mostrata la pagina seguente. + +Grazie per la vostra segnalazione + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related bug report! L'identificazione e la segnalazione di errori sono essenziali per migliorare Kubuntu. Potrebbero essere inviati dei messaggi di posta elettronica all'indirizzo registrato per aggiornare i progressi o per permettere agli sviluppatori di ottenere informazioni aggiuntive sull'errore. + + + + +Inviare richieste di nuove funzionalità +Il metodo più semplice per richiedere una nuova funzionalità sia di un'applicazione sia del sistema operativo è inviare una segnalazione, conosciuta anche come lista dei desideri (wishlist). + +KDE +Inviare una richiesta di nuova funzionalità in KDE è uguale all'invio di una segnalazione KDE di non errore. + + +Launchpad +Inviare una segnalazione wishlist per Kubuntu è uguale all'invio di una segnalazione Launchpad di non errore. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/km/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/km/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/km/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/km/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1050 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​បែប​បទ​ម្តង​មួយ​​ជំហាន​ៗ​ សម្រាប់​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ុ + + + + +ប្រភេទ​​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស +ជា​ទូទៅ​ មាន​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​បី​ប្រភេទ​ ៖ គាំង​ មិន​គាំង​ និង​ ស្នើ​សុំ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ ។ +ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​នៃ​ប្រភេទ​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស +គាំង + +កម្មវិធី​ ឬ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​គាំង​ ឬ​បរាជ័យ ។ ភាគ​ច្រើន ប្រអប់​គាំង​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ថា​វា​អាច​នឹង​ត្រឡប់​ទៅ​ជា​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ ។ + + +មិន​គាំង + +កំហុស ឬ​បំរែ​បំរួល​ដែល​មិន​​បង្ក​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធី​គាំង ប៉ុន្តែ​អាច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធីដំណើរ​ការ​មិន​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ + + +ស្នើ​សុំ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស + +ក៏​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ស្គាល់​ថា​ជា​ធាតុ​បញ្ជី​តាម​បំណង​ផង​ដែរ ប្រភេទ​របាយការណ៍​នេះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចង​ក្រង​ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​មុខងារ​ដល់​កម្មវិធី ឬ​ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​អ្វី​ម្យ៉ាង​នៅ​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​ គឺ​​មិន​មែន​ដោយ​សារ​តែ​បំរែ​បំរួល និង​ការគាំង​នោះ​ទេ ។ + + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​តាម​ដាន​កំហុស​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ដោយ​ <phrase>គូប៊ុន​ទូ</phrase> + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​តាម​ដាន​កំហុស​របស់​ KDE + +KDE ប្រើ​ Bugzilla ជា​ "ប្រព័ន្ធ​តាម​ដានកំហុស​" ។ Bugzilla គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​បំផុត​មួយ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​សហគមន៍​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ ។ +ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ជា​មុន +ដើម្បី​​រាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស ​ត្រូវ​ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​មនុស្ស​សម្រាប់​គណនី​នៅ​លើ​ Bugzilla របស់​ KDE តាម​រយៈ​ ។ អាសយដ្ឋាន​អ៊ីមែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​នឹងត្រូវ​ទាម​ទារ​សម្រាប់​ការចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ ។ + +សម្រាប់​តែ​កំហុស​ KDE ប៉ុណ្ណោះ +ប្រព័ន្ធ​នេះ​គឺ​សម្រាប់​តែ​កំហុស​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ KDE ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ បើ​សិន​កម្មវិធី​មិន​មែន​ជា​ផ្នែក​នៃ​ KDE ទេ របាយការណ៍​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចង​ក្រង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Launchpad ជំនួស​វិញ ។ សូម​មើល​ផ្នែក​បន្ទាប់ ដែល​មាន​របាយការណ៍​ចង​ក្រង​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ Launchpad ។ + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad គឺ​ជា​ឈុត​កម្មវិធី​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ​ដែល​ជួយ​ឲ្យ​មនុស្ស​ និង​ក្រុម​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ធ្វើ​ការងារ​ជា​មួយ​គ្នា​ទៅ​លើ​គម្រោង​កម្មវិធី ។ Launchpad ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ដោយគម្រោង​​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ និង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ព្រម​ទាំង​គម្រោង​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ +ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ជា​មុន +ដើម្បី​រាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ ត្រូវចុះ​​ឈ្មោះ​មនុស្ស​សម្រាប់​គណនី​នៅ​លើ​ Launchpad ​តាម​រយៈ​ ។ អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​អ៊ីមែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ទាម​ទារ​សម្រាប់​ការចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ ។ + +សម្រាប់​កំហុស​ណា​មួយ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +Launchpad អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​​​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ណា​មួយ​ដែល​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឃ្លាំង​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​ ឬ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ។ បើ​សិន​របាយ​ការណ៍​នេះ​គឺ​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ KDE នោះ​ ប្រព័ន្ធ​តាម​ដាន​កំហុស KDE (ខាង​លើ​) នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ប្រើ ។ + + + + + +ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​គាំង +នៅ​ពេល​កម្មវិធី​គាំង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ប្រអប់​គាំង​ដែល​សម​រម្យ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ ជា​ទូទៅ​ វា​មាន​ភាព​ងាយ​ស្រួល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ពី​ប្រអប់​ ។ ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ KDE ប្រអប់​គាំង​របស់​ KDE នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​សម្រាប់​ធ្វើ​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស ។ បើ​មិន​អញ្ចឹង​ទេ ប្រអប់​គាំង​របស់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​សេចក្តីណែនាំ​សម្រាប់​ចង​ក្រង​កំហុស​នៅ​លើ​ Launchpad ។ + +KDE +នៅ​ពេល​កម្មវិធី​គាំង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ KDE ប្រអប់​គាំង​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ដែល​ស្រដៀង​​នឹង​រូប​ភាព​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ។ រូបភាព​ទីមួយ​បង្ហាញ​ផ្ទាំង​ ទូទៅ​ ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​នៃ​ការ​គាំង ។ រូបភាព​ទីពីរ​បង្ហាញ​ផ្ទាំង​ ព័ត៌មាន​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​តាម​ដាន​ដែល​មាន​សារៈ​សំខាន់​បំផុត​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍ ។ + + +ប្រអប់​គាំង​របស់​ KDE (ផ្ទាំង​ទូទៅ​) + + + + + + + + + +ប្រអប់​គាំង​របស់​ KDE (ផ្ទាំង​ព័ត៌មាន​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​) + + + + + + + +បើ​សិន​ព័ត៌មាន​តាម​ដាន​ពិត​ជា​មាន​តម្លៃ​មែន​នោះ ការចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​គឺ​​មាន​ភាព​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ ដោយ​​​ប្រើ​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​ប្រអប់គាំង​ ។ បើ​ព័ត៌មាន​តាម​ដាន​មិន​សូវ​មាន​តម្លៃ​ទេ វា​នឹង​មិន​អាច​​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុសដោយ​ប្រើ​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​នោះ​បាន​ទេ ។ របាយ​កំហុស​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចង​ក្រង​ដោយ​ដៃ​ដដែល​តាម​រយៈ​ ។ +ដើម្បី​បញ្ចប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស សូម​អនុវត្ត​តាម​បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ។ +ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​បន្ទាប់​ពី​គាំង​ហើយ + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ រាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + +សូម​ស្វាគមន៍​មក​កាន់​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + +តើ​អ្នក​ដឹង​អ្វី​ខ្លះ​អំពី​ការគាំង​ ? + + + + + + + + + +ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​ដែល​អាចប្រើ​​បាន​ ។ ប្រអប់​ទម្លាក់​ចុះដែល​​នៅ​ពី​ក្រោម​សំណួរ "តើ​កម្មវិធី​គាំង​ម្តង​ទៀត​ឬ បើ​អ្នក​ធ្វើ​ស្ថាន​ភាព​ដដែល​ឡើង​វិញ​ ?" មាន​ជម្រើស​បីបួន​ ។ + + +តើ​កម្មវិធី​គាំង​ម្តង​ទៀត​ឬ បើ​សិន​អ្នក​ធ្វើ​ស្ថាន​ភាព​ដដែល​ឡើង​វិញ ? + + + + + + + + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ជ្រើស​ធាតុ​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​ពី​ប្រអប់​នៅ​ជំហាន​បន្ទាប់​ហើយ​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ ។ + + +អាស្រ័យ​ទៅ​លើ​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស ប្រអប់​ទាំង​ពីរ​នឹង​លេច​​ឡើង​ ។ ប្រអប់​មួយ​ជា​ប្រអប់​ដែល​បង្ហាញថាមិន​មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​គ្រប់​គ្រាន់​ ដើម្បី​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​ដែល​ល្អ​ទេ ។ ប្រអប់​មួយ​ទៀត​ជា​ប្រអប់​ដែល​បង្ហាញ​ថា​ព័ត៌មាន​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​ និង​ថា​វា​ជា​ជំនួយ​ដ៏​សំខាន់​សម្រាប់​បន្ត​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍កំហុស​ទេ​ ។ + + +មិន​មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​គ្រប់​គ្រាន់​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍ ដើម្បី​បន្ត​ដំណើរ​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ទេ + + + + + + + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​គាំង​នេះ​មាន​សារៈ​ប្រយោជន៍​បំផុត + + + + + + + +បើ​សិន​ជា​គ្មានព័ត៌មាន​គ្រប់​គ្រាន់​... +វា​អាច​នឹង​ចាំ​បាច់​ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​បំបាត់​កំហុស​ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ដើម្បី​ទទួល​បាន​ការ​ដាន​ដ៏​ល្អ​ ។ កញ្ចប់​នេះ​រួម​មាន​ kdebase-dbg, kdebase-workspace-dbg, kdebase-runtime-dbg ។ + + + +បើ​សិន​​ព័ត៌មាន​គ្រប់​គ្រាន់​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ ដើម្បី​បន្ត​ការចងក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុសដោយ​ប្រើ​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​នោះ ប្រអប់​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង Bugzilla របស់​ KDE ។ + + +ចូល​ប្រព័ន្ធ​តាម​ដាន​កំហុស​របស់​ KDE + + + + + + + +ប្រើ​អាសយដ្ឋាន​អ៊ីមែល​ជា​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ +ប្រើ​អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​អ៊ីមែល​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ជា​មួយ​ Bugzilla របស់​ KDE ។ + + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ចូល​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ (អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​អ៊ីមែល​) និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ហើយ​នោះ​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ចូល​ ។ អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​នឹងស្វែង​រក​ភាព​ស្ទួន​គ្នា​ និង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ។ + + +របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​ដែល​អាច​​​ស្ទួន + + + + + + + + + +បើ​​​មាន​​របាយ​ការណ៍​ស្ទួន ចុច​ របាយ​ការណ៍​នៅ​ក្នុង​បញ្ជី​ រួច​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បើក​របាយ​ការណ៍​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស​ ។ ប្រអប់​ទាំង​ពីរ​ខាង​ក្រោម​​នេះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ ។ + + +របាយ​ការណ៍​ដែល​អ្នក​បាន​ជ្រើស​ត្រូវ​បាន​សម្គាល់​រួច​ហើយ​ថា​ជា​ភាព​ស្ទួន​របស់​កំហុស​... + + + + + + + + + +ការ​បង្ហាញ​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​ស្ទួន​ដែល​អ្នក​បាន​ជ្រើស + + + + + + + + + +បើ​កំហុស​បង្ហាញ​ថា​ស្ទួន​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ថែម​ជា​ស្ទួន​​ដែល​អាច​មាន ។ វា​នឹង​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស ហើយ​នឹង​ជូន​ដំណឹង​ដល់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ថា​វា​ប្រហែល​ជា​​ស្ទួន ។ វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍ លើក​លែង​តែ​ករណី​ជា​មួយ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ដែល​ដឹង​ច្បាស់​ថា​វា​មិន​ស្ទួន​ ។ ចុច​ ភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​របាយ​ការណ៍​នេះ​ (កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​) នឹង​ភ្ជាប់​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​គាំង​ទៅកាន់​របាយការណ៍ ។ +បើ​កំហុស​មិន​ស្ទួន​ទេ​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ តាម​ធម្មតា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ដោយ​បង្ហាញ​ស្ទួន​ដែល​អាច​មាន​ ។ ប្រអប់​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ជា​មួយ​ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យខ្ញុំ​ពិនិត្យមើល​របាយការណ៍​បន្ថែម​ ។ ដើម្បី​រារាំង​មិន​ឲ្យ​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​របាយការណ៍​បន្ថែម​ និង​បន្ត​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ គ្មាន​ស្ទួន​ពិត​ប្រាកដ​ ។ ប្រអប់​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​បញ្ចូល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​របាយការណ៍ ។ + + +សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពី​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស + + + + + + + + + +នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពីរបាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + + +មើល​របាយការណ៍​ជា​មុន + + + + + + + + + +បើ​ព័ត៌មាន​មើល​ទៅ​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ហើយ​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + +ផ្ញើ​របាយ​ការណ៍​គាំង + + + + + + + + + +សូម​អបអរ​សាទរចំពោះ​ការចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​ដោយ​ជោគ​ជ័យ​ ! ការបញ្ជាក់ និង​ការចង​ក្រង​កំហុស​ពិត​ជា​មាន​សារៈ​សំខាន់​ណាស់​ក្នុង​ការ​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​ KDE មាន​ភាព​ប្រសើរ​ឡើង​ ។ អ៊ីមែល​ខ្លះ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្ញើ​ទៅ​កាន់​អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​ដែល​បាន​ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​វឌ្ឍនភាព ឬ​ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ទទួល​យក​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​កំហុស ។ + + +Launchpad +នៅ​ពេល​កម្មវិធី​ ដែល​មិន​មែន​ជា​ KDE គាំង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ការជូន​ដំណឹងដែល​​លេច​ឡើង​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ពី​ Apport ដែល​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​រូបភាព​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ។ + +ការ​ជូន​ដំណឹង​ដែល​លេច​ឡើង​អំពី​ការគាំង​របស់​Apport + + + + + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ការគាំង​អាច​នឹង​ខុស​គ្នា +រូប​ថត​អេក្រង់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្កើត​ដោយ​ការគាំង​កម្មវិធី​ VLC តែ​ម្តង​ ។ ប្រអប់​គាំង​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​នឹង​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ខុស​ពី​នេះ​ ។ ក្នុងស្ថានភាព​​កំហុស​ជាក់​ស្តែង ឈ្មោះ​កម្មវិធី​ VLC នឹង​ត្រូវ​ជំនួស​ដោយ​ឈ្មោះ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​បាន​គាំង​ពិត​ប្រាកដ ។ + +ដើម្បី​បញ្ចប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស សូម​អនុវត្ត​តាម​បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ។ +ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​បន្ទាប់​ពី​គាំង​ហើយ + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​ លើ​ កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​ជូន​ដំណឹង​អំពី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + +សូម​អភ័យ​ទោស កម្មវិធី​ "vlc" ​បាន​បិទ​ដោយ​មិន​បាន​រំពឹង​ទុក ។ + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ រាយ​ការណ៍​បញ្ហា... ។ ប្រអប់​វឌ្ឍនភាព​ ប្រមូល​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​បញ្ហា​ នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +ប្រមូល​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​បញ្ហា + + + + + + + + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ប្រមូល​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការគាំង​ហើយ​ ប្រអប់​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពី​របាយការណ៍ ហើយ​របាយ​ការណ៍​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ផ្ញើ​ទៅ​កាន់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ ។ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​... ដើម្បី​មើល​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពី​របាយការណ៍ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +ផ្ញើ​របាយ​ការណ៍​អំពី​បញ្ហា​ទៅ​កាន់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ឬ​ ? (សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​) + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ផ្ញើ​ ដើម្បី​ផ្ញើ​របាយការណ៍​ទៅ​កាន់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍ ។ ក្នុង​ករណី​នេះ​ វា​នឹង​ផ្ញើ​របាយ​ការណ៍​ទៅ​កាន់​ Launchpad ។ ប្រអប់​វឌ្ឍនភាព​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +ផ្ទុក​ឡើង​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​បញ្ហា + + + + + + + + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​បញ្ចប់​ប្រអប់​វឌ្ឍនភាព កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​លំនាំ​ដើម​នឹង​បើក​សម្រាប់​ Launchpad ដោយ​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ទំព័រ​ចូល ឬ​ការ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​កំណែ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​នៃ​ដំណើរ​ការ​រាយ​ការណ៍​អំពី​កំហុស ។ ក្រោយ​ពី​បាន​ចូល​ (បើ​ចាំ​បាច់​) ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +សូម​មេត្តា​រង់​ចាំ​ ខណៈពេល​កំពុង​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទិន្នន័យ​កំហុស​... + + + + + + + + + +ពេល​ Launchpad បញ្ចប់​​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទិន្នន័យ​កំហុស ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​​​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +ព័ត៌មានអំពី​​ការ​បំបាត់​កំហុសបន្ថែម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្ថែម​... + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម + + + + + + + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​​មួយ​ចំនួន​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​​បំពេញទាក់​ទង​នឹង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​ដូច​ជា​ អ្វី​ដែល​កំពុង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ នៅ​ពេល​វា​គាំង ឬ​ទីតាំង​ឯកសារ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ដែល​អាច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​គាំង​ ។ ខាង​ក្រោមនេះ​ជា​សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​សង្ខេប​ដែល​បាន​ចង​ក្រង​ជា​មួយ​របាយ​ការណ៍​តាម​បែប​បទ​នេះ​ ។ + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ (បាន​បញ្ចប់​) + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ដាក់​ស្នើ​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ លើ​បាត​ទំព័រ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +អរគុណ​សម្រាប់​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​របស់​អ្នក + + + + + + + + + +សូម​អបអរ​សាទរ​ចំពោះ​ការ​បង្កើត​របាយ​ការណ៍​គាំង​ដោយ​ជោគ​ជ័យ​ !ការបញ្ជាក់ និង​រាយការណ៍​​អំពី​កំហុស​មាន​សារៈ​សំខាន់​ណាស់​ក្នុង​ការ​ធ្វើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ មាន​ភាព​ប្រសើរ​ឡើង ។ អ៊ីមែល​ខ្លះ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្ញើ​ទៅ​កាន់​​អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​ដែល​បាន​ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​វឌ្ឍនភាព ឬ​ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍អាច​​ទទួល​បាននូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​​កំហុស ។ + + + + +ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​មិន​គាំង ឬ​បំរែ​បំរួល +បើ​កម្មវិធី​ប្រែ​ប្រួល​នៅ​ក្នុង​មុខ​ងារ​របស់​វា​ របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចង​ក្រង​នៅ​លើ​កម្មវិធី​នោះ​ ​។ បំរែ​បំរួល​កើត​ឡើង​ នៅ​ពេល​មុខ​ងារ​បាន​ដំណើរ​ការ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​មុន​ ប៉ុន្តែ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​ក្រោយ វា​នឹងមិន​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទេ ។ ក្នុង​ករណី​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ ប្រភេទ​របាយការណ៍​នេះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចង​ក្រង​ដោយ​អ្នក​ដែល​មាន​បទ​ពិសោធន៍​ខ្ពស់​ជាង​នេះ​ ព្រម​ទាំង​អាច​​នឹង​សាក​ល្បង​កម្មវិធី​គុណភាព​បែតា​ទៀត​ផង ។ ទោះ​បីយ៉ាង​ណា ក្នុង​ស្ថានភាព​ខ្លះ​ អ្នក​ប្រើ​ចាំបាច់​ត្រូវ​តែ​រាយ​ការណ៍​អំពី​បញ្ហា​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​មិន​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ប៉ុន្តែ​មិន​គាំង​ ។ បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​នឹង​អាច​ជួយ​បាន​ ។ + +KDE +ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​មិន​គាំង​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​​ KDE ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​រួច​ហើយ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ ។ +ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ជា​មុន +ដើម្បី​រាយការណ៍​កំហុស ត្រូវ​តែ​ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​មនុស្ស​ម្នាក់​សម្រាប់​គណនី​នៅ​លើ​កម្មវិធី​តាម​ដាន​កំហុស​សិន​ ។ កម្មវិធី​តាម​ដាន​កំហុស​របស់ KDE ស្ថិត​នៅ​ត្រង់​ ។ + +ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ដោយ​គ្មាន​ការគាំង + +ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ រួច​បង្កើត​គណនី​ថ្មី ឬ​ចូល​ ។ នៅ​ពេល​បាន​ចូល ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +សូម​ស្វាគមន៍​ការ​មក​កាន់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​តាម​ដាន​កំហុស​ KDE + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ តំណ​ រាយការណ៍​អំពី​បំណង ឬ​កំហុស​ថ្មី​ នៅ​ជ្រុង​ខាង​ស្តាំ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ​នៃ​ទំព័រ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដំណើរ​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +សូម​ស្វាគមន៍​ការ​មក​កាន់​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ ! + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ត​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​កម្មវិធី + + + + + + + + + +ជ្រើស​ កំណែ​ KDE ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ (ទាម​ទារ​) និង​ វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ចែកចាយ​ (គួរ​តែ​ជា​ កញ្ចប់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​) ពី​ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ ។ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ត​ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ការ​ជ្រើស​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +ជម្រើស​កម្មវិធី + + + + + + + + + +បើ​កម្មវិធីដែល​កំពុង​តែ​ត្រូវ​បាន​រាយការណ៍​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​បញ្ជី​ កម្មវិធី​ ជ្រើស​វា រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ត​ ។ បើ​កម្មវិធី​មិន​​​នៅ​ក្នុង​បញ្ជីទេ រំលង​ទៅ​កាន់​ជំហាន​បន្ទាប់ ។ + + +ក្រោម​ផ្នែក​ រក​ ក្រោម​បញ្ជី​ កម្មវិធី​ បំពេញ​ប្រអប់​អត្ថបទ​​ ពាក្យ​គន្លឹះ​ស្វែង​រក​ ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​កំពុង​ត្រូវ​បាន​រាយការណ៍​ ។ វា​អាច​នឹង​មាន​រូបរាង​ស្រដៀង​នឹង​រូប​ភាព​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ។ + +ជម្រើស​កម្មវិធី​ (ស្វែង​រក​កម្មវិធី​) + + + + + + + +បើ​សិន​កម្មវិធី​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​ទីតាំង ទំព័រ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្ហាញ​ស្រដៀង​នឹង​ទំព័រ​មុន​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​បាន​បន្លិច ។ + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ត​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +ព័ត៌មាន​ទូទៅ + + + + + + + + + +ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​អត្ថបទ​ សង្ខេប​ បញ្ចូល​សង្ខេប​ជា​មួយ​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ស្រដៀង​នឹង​ឧទាហរណ៍​​នៅខាង​ក្រោម​ប្រអប់​អត្ថបទ​ ។ ជ្រើស​ លីនុច​ ក្នុង​ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ​ ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ ។ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ត​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +រក​មើល​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ស្ទួន + + + + + + + + + +បើ​រក​ឃើញ​របាយការណ៍​ស្ទួន​ ចុច​លើ​លេខ​សម្គាល់​របាយការណ៍​នោះ​ ដើម្បី​មើល​របាយការណ៍​ ។ បើ​វា​ជា​ស្ទួន ហើយ​​ត្រូវ​ការ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែមនោះ អញ្ចឹង​បញ្ចូល​អត្ថបទ​តាម​ធម្មតា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​អត្ថបទ​ធំ​ដោយ​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​វា​ ។ បើ​មិន​ត្រូវ​ការ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែមទេ ក៏​គ្មាន​អ្វី​ត្រូវ​បញ្ចូល​ដែរ ។ បើ​រក​មិន​ឃើញ​របាយការណ៍​ស្ទួន​ទេ​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ត​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +សំណុំ​បែប​បទ​ធាតុ​កំហុស + + + + + + + + + +ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ​ (ទាម​ទារ​) ធ្ងន់​ធ្ងរ​ នឹង​បង្ហាញជម្រើស​​ កំហុស​ - របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ (គ្មាន​ការគាំង​) ។ ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​អត្ថបទ​ (ទាម​ទារ​) សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​វែង​ជា​ភាសា​អង់គ្លេស​ បញ្ចូល​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាំង​អស់​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ ។ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ត​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +បាន​ដាក់​ស្នើ​កំហុស + + + + + + + + + +សូម​អបអរ​សាទរ​ចំពោះ​ការ​បង្កើត​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​មិន​គាំង​ដោយ​ជោគ​ជ័យ​​ ! ការ​បញ្ជាក់ និង​រាយការ​ណ៍​អំពី​កំហុស​គឺ​មាន​សារៈ​សំខាន់​ណាស់​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​ KDE មាន​ភាព​កាន់​តែ​ប្រសើរ​ឡើង ។ អ៊ីមែល​ខ្លះ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្ញើ​ទៅ​កាន់​អាសយដ្ឋាន​ដែល​បាន​ចុះ​បញ្ជី​ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​វឌ្ឍនភាព ឬ​ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​អាច​ទទួល​បាន​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​កំហុស ។ + + +Launchpad +ការចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​មិន​គាំង​នៅ​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​មិន​មែន​ជា​ KDE អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ ឬ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​រាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ Apport ។ បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ពី​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ Apport ដោយ​សារ​នេះ​ជា​មធ្យោបាយ​ដែល​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ឬ​របាយការណ៍កំហុស​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​មិន​មែន​ជា​ KDE ។ +ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ដោយ​គ្មាន​ការគាំង + +បើក​ KRunner KDE នឹង​ដំណើរ​ការ​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ដោយ​ចុច ជំនួស(Alt)F2 ។ + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + +ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ KRunner វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME ។ ជំនួស​ PROGRAM_NAME ជា​មួយ​ឈ្មោះ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​រាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ ។ ចុច​ បញ្ចូល​ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +ប្រមូល​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​បញ្ហា + + + + + + + + + +នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​សម្រាំង​ព័ត៌មាន​ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +ផ្ញើ​របាយការណ៍​អំពី​បញ្ហា​ទៅ​កាន់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ឬ ? + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ លម្អិត​... ដើម្បី​មើល​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពី​របាយការណ៍​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​អនុវត្ត​តាម​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ + +សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពី​របាយការណ៍ + + + + + + + + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ផ្ញើ​ ដើម្បី​ផ្ញើ​របាយការណ៍​ទៅកាន់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍ ។ ប្រអប់​វឌ្ឍនភាព​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +ផ្ទុក​ឡើង​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​បញ្ហា + + + + + + + + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ផ្ទុក​ព័ត៌មាន​ឡើង​ កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​នឹង​បើក​ ព្រម​ទាំង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ទំព័រ​ដែលស្រដៀង​នឹង​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ។ + +សូម​មេត្តា​រង់​ចាំ ខណៈ​​កំពុង​ដំណើរ​ទិន្នន័យ​កំហុស ។ + + + + + + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​បញ្ចប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទិន្នន័យ​កំហុស ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។. + +រាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​... (សង្ខេប​) + + + + + + + + + +វាយ​បញ្ចូល​អត្ថបទ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​អត្ថបទ​ សង្ខេប​ ដែល​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពី​កំហុស​ដោយ​ពាក្យ​មួយ​ចំនួន ។ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ ។ ទំព័រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +រាយការណ៍​កំហុស​... (ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​) + + + + + + + + + +វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​អត្ថបទ​ ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ ដែល​ពិពណ៌នា​លម្អិតអំពី​កំហុស ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ដាក់​ស្នើ​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ ។ ប្រអប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + +អរគុណ​សម្រាប់​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​របស់​អ្នក + + + + + + + + + +សូម​អបអរ​សាទរ​ចំពោះ​ការ​បង្កើត​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការមិន​គាំង​ដោយ​ជោគ​ជ័យ​ ! ការបញ្ជាក់ និង​រាយការណ៍​អំពី​កំហុស​គឺ​មាន​សារៈ​សំខាន់​ណាស់​ក្នុង​ការ​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ប្រសើរ​ឡើង​ ។ អ៊ីមែល​មួយ​ចំនួន​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្ញើ​ទៅ​កាន់​អាសយដ្ឋាន​ដែល​បាន​ចុះ​ឈ្មោះ​ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​វឌ្ឍនភាព ឬ​ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​អាច​ទទួល​បាន​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​កំហុស ។ + + + + +ចង​ក្រង​សំណើ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស ឬ​របាយការណ៍​ Wishlist +មធ្យោបាយ​ដែល​ងាយ​បំផុត​ ដើម្បី​ស្នើ​សុំ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​នៅ​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី ឬ​ក្នុង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិ​គឺ​ត្រូវ​ចង​ក្រង​កំហុស ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ស្គាល់​ថា​ជា​របាយការណ៍​ wishlist ។ + +KDE +ការចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​ស្នើសុំ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​នៅ​ក្នុង​ KDE គឺ​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​ របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​មិន​គាំង​​របស់​ KDE ដែរ ។ + + +Launchpad +ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយការណ៍​ wishlist សម្រាប់​គូប៊ុនទូ​ គឺ​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ការចង​ក្រង​ របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​មិន​គាំងរបស់​ Launchpad ដែរ ។ + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/oc/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/oc/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/oc/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/oc/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1347 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Rapòrts d'errors +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides step-by-step procedures for filing Kubuntu bug reports. + + + + + +Types of Bug Reports + +Generally, there are three types of bug reports: crash, +non-crash, and feature request. + +Overview of bug types +Plantatge + + +An application or system crash or failure. Most of the time, a crash dialog will +be presented that can be turned into a bug report. + + + +Non-crash + + +A bug or regression that doesn't cause the application to crash, but does cause +the application to stop functioning properly. + + + +Feature request + + +Also known as a wish list item, this type of report is filed to add a function +to an application, or to change something in the application that isn't due to a +regression or a crash. + + + + + + + +Bug Trackers Used By <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +KDE's Bug Tracking System + + +KDE uses Bugzilla, a "Defect Tracking System". Bugzilla is one of the +most popular tools used in the open source development community. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on KDE's Bugzilla +at . A valid email address +is required for registration. + + +Only for KDE bugs + +This system is only for bugs related to KDE. If the application is not part of +KDE, then the report should be filed in Launchpad instead. Please see the next +section, which covers filing reports concerning Launchpad. + + + + +Launchpad + + +Launchpad is an open source suite of tools that help people and teams to work +together on software projects. Launchpad is used by the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +Projects, as well as various other open source projects. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on Launchpad at +. A valid email address is required +for registration. + + +For any bug in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Launchpad can be used to file a bug report for any application available in the +Ubuntu or Kubuntu repositories. If the report is for a KDE application, the +KDE Bug Tracking system (above) is preferred. + + + + + + +Filing a Crash Report + +When an application crashes in Kubuntu, the appropriate crash dialog will +appear. It is usually easy to file a bug report from the dialog. With a KDE +application, the KDE crash dialog will appear along with instructions +for reporting the bug. Otherwise, the Ubuntu crash dialog will appear with +instructions for filing a bug on Launchpad. + + +KDE + +When an application crashes in KDE, a crash dialog will be presented that is +similar to the following images. The first image shows the +General tab which provides an overview of the crash. The +second image shows the Developer Information tab which +provides trace information that is useful to developers. + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (General tab) + + + + + + + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (Developer Information tab) + + + + + + + + +If the trace information is deemed valuable, filing a bug report is +easy with the crash dialog wizard. If the trace is not deemed valuable, then it +is not possible to file a bug report with the wizard. The bug report can still +be filed manually at . + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Report Bug button. +The following dialog will appear. + + + +Welcome to the Reporting Assistant + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following dialog will appear. + + + +Qué sabètz a prepaus del plantatge ? + + + + + + + + + + +Select the applicable options. The drop-down box under the question, +"Does the application crash again if you repeat the +same situation?" has several options. + + + +Does the application crash again if you repeat the same situation? + + + + + + + + + + +After selecting the applicable items from the dialog in the previous step, +click the Next button. + + + + +Depending on the information available in the crash report, either of two +dialogs will appear. One is a dialog that indicates that there is not enough +information to file a good report. The other is a dialog indicating that the +information is useful, and that it would be helpful to continue with filing the +report. + + + +Not enough information for developers to continue the reporting process + + + + + + + + + +This crash information is useful + + + + + + + +If there was not enough information... + +It may be necessary to install the proper debug packages in order to get a good +trace. Such packages include kdebase-dbg, +kdebase-workspace-dbg, +kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + + + +If enough information was provided to continue filing a bug report using +the assistant, a dialog will appear to allow logging in to KDE's Bugzilla. + + + +KDE Bug Tracking System Login + + + + + + + +Use e-mail address as username + +Use the e-mail address that was used to register with KDE's Bugzilla. + + + + + +After logging in with username (e-mail address) and password, +click the Login button. The +assistant will check for duplicates and display the following dialog. + + + +Bug Report Possible Duplicates List + + + + + + + + + + +If there is a possible duplicate report, click the +report in the list and then click the Open +selected report button. Either of the following dialogs will be +presented. + + + +The report you selected is already marked as a duplicate of bug... + + + + + + + + + +Showing the duplicate bug report you selected + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Details of the Bug Report + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Preview Report + + + + + + + + + + +If the information looks correct, click the +Next button. The following dialog will be presented. + + + +Send Crash Report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +Crash information may be different + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Sorry, the program "vlc" closed unexpectedly. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. In this case, it will send the report to +Launchpad. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Mandadís de las informacions ligadas al problèma + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + + +When Launchpad is finished processing the bug data, the following page will be +presented. + + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Entresenhas suplementàrias + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Non-Crash or Regression Report + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Entresenhas generalas + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +When the collection of information has been completed, the following dialog +will be presented. + + +Mandar un rapòrt d'errors als desvolopaires ? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Report Details + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed. + + + + + + + + +After the bug data is processed, the following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/pt_BR/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/pt_BR/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/pt_BR/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/pt_BR/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1050 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Relatórios de falha +&legalnotice; + +Este documento fornece os procedimentos, passo-a-passo, para arquivar relatórios de falhas no Kubuntu. + + + + +Tipos de relatórios de falhas +Em geral, existem três tipos de relatórios de erros: travamento, não-travamento, e solicitação de recurso. +Visão geral dos tipos de erros +Falha + +Um aplicativo ou sistema trava ou falha. Na maioria das vezes, uma caixa de diálogo do travamento será apresentada, o que pode ser transformado em um relatório de erros. + + +Não falha + +Um erro ou regressão que não causa o travamento do aplicativo mas faz com que ele pare de funcionar corretamente. + + +Solicitação de recurso + +Também conhecido como um item de lista, este tipo de relatório é apresentado ao adicionar uma função de um pedido, ou mudar alguma coisa no seu pedido que não é devido a uma regressão ou um acidente. + + + + + + +Controle de erros usado por <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Sistema de rastreamento de erros do KDE + +KDE usa o Bugzilla, um "Sistema de rastreamento de erros". Bugzilla é uma das ferramentas mais populares utilizadas em comunidades open source de desenvolvimento. +Registre primeiro +Para relatar um erro, uma pessoa deve ter registro em uma conta no Bugzilla do KDE em . Um e-mail válido é exigido para o registro. + +Somente para falhas do KDE +Este sistema é apenas para problemas relacionados com o KDE. Se o aplicativo não é parte do KDE, então o relatório deve ser apresentado no Launchpad. Por favor, consulte a próxima seção, que abrange os relatórios relativos ao Launchpad. + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad é um conjunto de ferramentas de código aberto que ajudam as pessoas e equipes a trabalhem juntas em projetos de software. O Launchpad é usado pelos projetos Ubuntu e Kubuntu, bem como vários outros projetos de código aberto. +Registre primeiro +Para relatar um erro a pessoa deve registrar uma conta no Launchpad em . Um e-mail válido é exigido para o registro. + +Para qualquer falha no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +O Launchpad pode ser usado para enviar um relatório de erros de qualquer aplicativo disponível nos repositórios do Ubuntu ou Kubuntu. Se o relatório é para uma aplicação do KDE, o sistema de controle de erros do KDE (acima) é o preferido. + + + + + +Apresentação de relatório de travamento +Quando uma aplicação trava em Kubuntu, a caixa de diálogo de travamento apropriada irá aparecer. É geralmente fácil de enviar um relatório de erros na própria caixa de diálogo. Com uma aplicação do KDE, a janela de travamento do KDE irá aparecer junto com instruções para relatar o erro. Caso contrário, a caixa de diálogo de travamentos do Ubuntu irá aparecer com instruções para a apresentar um erro no Launchpad. + +KDE +Quando um aplicativo trava no KDE, uma caixa de diálogo de travamento será apresentada, semelhante às imagens que se seguem. A primeira imagem mostra a guia Geral, que fornece uma visão geral do erro. A segunda imagem mostra o Informação para Desenvolvedores, que fornece informações úteis de rastreamento para desenvolvedores. + + +Caixa de diálogo de travamentos do KDE (guia Geral) + + + + + + + + + +Caixa de diálogo de travamentos do KDE (guia Informação para Desenvolvedores) + + + + + + + +Se as informações de rastreamento são consideradas valiosas, a apresentação de um relatório de erro é fácil com o assistente para caixa de diálogo de travamento. Se o rastreamento não é considerado valioso, então não é possível apresentar um relatório de erros com o assistente. O relatório de erro ainda pode ser arquivado manualmente em . +Siga o procedimento abaixo para completar o processo do relatório de erros. +Apresentando o relatório de erros depois de um travamento + +Clique no botão Relatar um erro. A caixa de diálogo irá aparecer. + + +Bem-vindo ao assistente de relatório + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Próximo. A caixa de diálogo irá aparecer. + + +O que você sabe sobre a falha? + + + + + + + + + +Selecione as opções aplicáveis. A caixa desdobrável com a pergunta: "Será que o travamento irá ocorrer novamente se você repetir a mesma situação?" tem várias opções. + + +Será que o aplicativo travará novamente se você repetir a mesma situação? + + + + + + + + + +Após selecionar os itens aplicáveis a partir da caixa de diálogo na etapa anterior, click no botão Próximo. + + +Dependendo das informações disponíveis no relatório de erro, uma das duas caixas de diálogo irá aparecer. Uma delas indica que não há informação suficiente para apresentar um bom relatório. A outra indica que a informação é útil, e que seria útil continuar com a apresentação do relatório. + + +Não há informações suficientes para desenvolvedores para continuar o processo de comunicação de erro + + + + + + + + + +Estas informações da falha são úteis + + + + + + + +Se não havia informação suficiente ... +Pode ser necessário instalar os pacotes de depuração adequados a fim de obter uma boa pista. Tais pacotes incluem kdebase-dbg, kdebase-workspace-dbg, kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + +Se foi fornecida informação suficiente para continuar a apresentação de um relatório de erro utilizando o assistente, irá aparecer uma janela para permitir logar no Bugzilla do KDE. + + +Autenticação no sistema de registro de erros do KDE + + + + + + + +Use endereço de e-mail como nome de usuário +Use o e-mail que foi usado no registro do Bugzilla do KDE. + + + +Após fazer o login com o nome de usuário (endereço de e-mail) e senha,clique no botão Login. + + +Lista de possíveis relatórios de erros duplicados + + + + + + + + + +Se houver um relatório possivelmente duplicado, clique no relatório na lista e, em seguida,cliqueno botão Abrir relatório selecionado. Qualquer uma das caixas de diálogo que se seguem serão apresentadas. + + +O relatório que você selecionou já está marcado como um duplicado ... + + + + + + + + + +Mostrando o relatório de erros duplicado que você selecionou + + + + + + + + + +Se o erro parece ser uma duplicata, clique no botão Adicionar como erro possivelmente duplicado. Isto fará um relatório de erros e informará os desenvolvedores que pode haver erros duplicado. Isto é recomendado, exceto nos casos de usuários experientes quando claramente não erro duplicado. Clickando em Anexar a este relatório (Avançado) as informações do erro serão anexadas ao relatório. +Se o erro não é duplicado, simplesmente clique clique no botão Próximo na caixa de diálogo mostrando os possíveis erros duplicados. Irá aparecer uma janela com Deixe-me verificar mais relatórios. Para evitar a verificação de mais relatórios e continuar a enviar o relatório, clique no botão Não há erros duplicados. Irá aparecer uma janela para inserir informações adicionais sobre o relatório. + + +Detalhes do relatório de erro + + + + + + + + + +Uma vez que os detalhes do relatório de erro estão completos, cliqueno botão Próximo. A seguinte caixa de diálogo será apresentada. + + +Relatório de visualização + + + + + + + + + +Se a informação parecer correta, clique no botão Próximo. A seguinte caixa de diálogo aparecerá. + + +Enviar relatório de falha + + + + + + + + + +Parabéns por um relatório de erro com sucesso!Identificar e relatar bugs são essenciais para a melhoria do Kubuntu e KDE. Alguns e-mails podem ser enviados para o endereço registrado para atualizar o progresso ou para permitir que desenvolvedores para obter informações adicionais sobre o erro. + + +Launchpad +Quando um aplicativo que não é do KDE trava no Kubuntu, uma janela pop-up será exibida a partir de Apport, semelhante à imagem a seguir. + +Janela de notificação de erro + + + + + + + +As informações de travamento podem ser diferentes +As capturas de tela a seguir foram criadas através do travamento do aplicativo VLC deliberadamente. Caixas de diálogo de travamento associadas a outros aplicativos serão diferentes. Em uma situação real de erro, o nome do aplicativo VLC será substituído pelo nome do aplicativo que realmente travou. + +Siga o procedimento abaixo para completar o processo do relatório de erros. +Apresentando o relatório de erros depois de um travamento + +Clique no botão Detalhes na Ajuda da notificação do sistema. A seguinte caixa de diálogo será apresentada. + + +Desculpa, o programa "vlc" foi fechado inesperadamente. + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Relatar um problema.... O progresso da caixa de diálogo Obtendo informações sobre o problema será apresentado. + +Coletando Informações sobre o Problema + + + + + + + + + +Depois de todas as informações sobre o travamento serem recolhidas, uma caixa de diálogo será apresentada, mostrando os detalhes do relatório, e o relatório é enviado para os desenvolvedores. Clique no botão Detalhes... para ver os detalhes do relatório. A seguinte caixa de diálogo será apresentada. + +Enviar relatório de erro para os desenvolvedores? (Detalhes) + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Enviar para enviar o relatório para os desenvolvedores. Neste caso, ele irá enviar o relatório para o Launchpad. A caixa de diálogo de progresso será apresentada. + +Enviando informações sobre o problema + + + + + + + + + +Após concluído o diálogo de progresso, o navegador padrão será aberto no Launchpad apresentando a página de login ou o início da versão online do relatório de erros do processo. Após o login (se necessário) a página seguinte será apresentada. + +Por favor, aguarde enquanto os dados dos erros são processados ... + + + + + + + + + +Quando o Launchpad concluir o processamento dos dados de erro, a seguinte página será apresentada. + +Informações adicionais de depuração serão adicionadas ... + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Próximo. A página seguinte será apresentada. + +Informações adicionais + + + + + + + + + +Qualquer informação adicional pode ser acrescentada ao relatório de erros, como o que estava sendo feito quando ele travou ou a localização de arquivos online que podem ter causado o travamento. Segue uma breve descrição apresentada com o relatório nesse procedimento. + +Informação adicional (Concluído) + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Enviar relatório de erros na parte inferior da página. A seguinte página será apresentada. + +Obrigado por relatar o erro + + + + + + + + + +Parabéns por um relatório de erro com sucesso!Identificar e relatar bugs são essenciais para a melhoria do Kubuntu e KDE. Alguns e-mails podem ser enviados para o endereço registrado para atualizar o progresso ou para permitir que desenvolvedores para obter informações adicionais sobre o erro. + + + + +Registrando um relatório de não-travamento ou regressão +Se um aplicativo tiver regredido em sua funcionalidade, um relatório de erro deve ser registrado para esse aplicativo. A regressão ocorre quando uma função funcionou em uma versão anterior mas não está funcionando na versão mais recente. Na maioria dos casos, este tipo de relatório será apresentado por aqueles que têm mais experiência e pode ser testando qualidade de software beta. No entanto, existem situações em que um usuário precisa relatar um problema com um aplicativo que não está funcionando direito, mas não está travando. Os procedimentos a seguir ajudarão. + +KDE +O registro de um relatório de erros relacionados ao não-travamento de aplicativos do KDE é feito com um navegador usando . +Registre primeiro +Para relatar um erro, pessoa deve possuir registro no Controle de erros. O controle de erros do KDE está localizado em . + +Preencher um relatório de erros sem travamento + +Em um navegador, vá para e crie uma nova conta ou entre no sistema. Uma vez logado, a página a seguir será apresentada. + +Bem-vindo ao Sistema de controle de erros do KDE + + + + + + + + + +Clique no linkReportar sugestão ou erro no canto superior à direita da página para iniciar o processo de apresentação do relatório de erros. A página seguinte será apresentada. + +Bem-vindo ao Assistente de Relatório de Falhas do KDE! + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Continuar. A seguinte página será apresentada. + +Configuração de software + + + + + + + + + +Selecione a apropriada Versão KDE (requirido) e o Método de distribuição (Deve ser Pacotes Ubuntu) no menu de seleção. Clique no botão Continuar quando finalizar com as seleções. A seguinte página será apresentada. + +Seleção de aplicativo + + + + + + + + + +Se o aplicativo reportado está na lista Aplicativos , selecione-o e pressione o botão Continuar. Se o aplicativo não está na lista, pule a próxima etapa. + + +Abaixo da seção Localizar abaixo da lista de Aplicativos , preencha na caixa de textoPesquisa por palavara chave o nome do aplicativo a ser reportado. Isto deve ser similar a seguinte imagem. + +Seleção de aplicativo (Pesquisar por aplicativo) + + + + + + + +Se o aplicativo for localizado, uma página será exibida semelhante à anterior, com o aplicativo em destaque. + + +Clique no botão Continuar. A seguinte página será apresentada. + +Informações gerais + + + + + + + + + +Na caixa de textoSumario, inserir o resumo com informações semelhantes ao exemplo abaixo da caixa de texto. Selecione Linux no menu Sistema operacional. Quando completado, Clique no botão Continuar. A seguinte página será apresentada. + +Verificar por relatos de erros duplicados + + + + + + + + + +Se um relatório duplicado é encontrado, clique no ID para ver o relatório. Se é duplicado e são necessárias mais informações, basta digitar o texto na caixa de texto confirmando isto. Se não é necessário maiores informações, nada precisa ser digitado. Se relatórios não duplicados são encontrados, Clique no botão Continuar. A página seguinte será apresentada. + +Formulário de inscrição de erro + + + + + + + + + +O menu suspenso (necessário) Severidade deve mostrar a opçãoErro - Relatar Erro (sem travamento). Na caixa de texto Descrição detalhada em inglês (required), digite todas as informações pertinenetes ao relatório de errot. Quando finalizar, Clique no botão Continuar. A seguinte mensagem será apresentada. + +Erro enviado + + + + + + + + + +Parabéns por fazer um relatório de erro não destrutivoIdentificar e reportar erros são essênciais para melhorar o Kubuntu e o KDE. Alguns e-mails podem ser enviados para o endereço registrado para atualizar o progresso ou permitir aos desenvolvedores obter informações adicionais sobre o erro. + + +Launchpad +Preencher um um relatório de erro não relacionado a travamento para uma aplicação não KDE pode ser feito através de um navegador web ou utilizando a aplicação de reporte de erro Apport. O seguinte procedimento irá demonstrar o uso do Apport pois esta é a maneira recomendada para preencher relatórios de erros do Ubuntu ou aplicações não relacionadas ao KDE. +Preencher um relatório de erros sem travamento + +Abrir KRunner, a interface KDE de executar comando, pressionando AltF2. + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + +No diálogo do aplicativo KRunner, digite apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Substitua PROGRAM_NAMEcom o nome do programa a que se destina o relatório de erro. Pressione Enter quando finalizado. O seguinte diálogo será apresentado. + +Coletando Informações sobre o Problema + + + + + + + + + +Quando a coleta de informações já foi concluída, o seguinte diálogo será apresentado. + +Enviar o relatório do problema aos desenvolvedores? + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Detalhes... para detalhes do relatório a ser seguido. O seguinte diálogo será apresentado. + +Detalhes do Relatório + + + + + + + + + +Clique no botão Enviar para enviar relatório para os desenvolvedores. O seguinte diálogo de progresso será apresentado. + +Enviando informações sobre o problema + + + + + + + + + +Após a informação ter sido enviada, o navegador vai abrir e exibir uma página semelhante à que se segue. + +Por favor aguarde enquanto os dados acerca da falha são processados. + + + + + + + +Depois que os dados de erros é processado, a página a seguir será apresentada. + +Relate uma falha... (Resumo) + + + + + + + + + +Digite na caixa de textoSumárioo texto que descreve o erro com poucas palavras. Quando terminar Clique no botão Próxima. A seguinte página será apresentada. + +Relate uma falha... (Mais informações) + + + + + + + + + +Digite na caixa de texto Mais informações o texto descrevendo o erro em detalhes. Quando completo Clique no botão Enviar relatório de erro. A seguinte página será apresentada. + +Obrigado por relatar o erro + + + + + + + + + +Parabéns por fazer um relatório de erro não relacionado a travamento! Identificar e relatar erros é essencial para melhorar o Kubuntu. Alguns e-mails podem ser enviados para o endereço registrado para atualizar o progresso ou permitir aos desenvolvedores obter informações adicionais sobre o erro. + + + + +Preenchendo uma solicitação de recurso ou lista de desejos +A maneira mais fácil de solicitar uma nova funcionalidade em qualquer aplicação ou sistema operacional é um registrando um erro, conhecido como um relatório de desejo. + +KDE +Preencher uma solicitação de nova funcionalidade no KDE é exatamente o mesmo que preencher relatório de erro de não travamento. + + +Launchpad +Preencher um relatório de lista de desejos para o Kubuntu é exatamente o mesmo que preencher um relatório de erro do Launchpad não relacionado a travamento. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/ru/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/ru/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/ru/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/ru/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1347 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bug Reports +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides step-by-step procedures for filing Kubuntu bug reports. + + + + + +Types of Bug Reports + +Generally, there are three types of bug reports: crash, +non-crash, and feature request. + +Overview of bug types +Crash + + +An application or system crash or failure. Most of the time, a crash dialog will +be presented that can be turned into a bug report. + + + +Non-crash + + +A bug or regression that doesn't cause the application to crash, but does cause +the application to stop functioning properly. + + + +Feature request + + +Also known as a wish list item, this type of report is filed to add a function +to an application, or to change something in the application that isn't due to a +regression or a crash. + + + + + + + +Bug Trackers Used By <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +KDE's Bug Tracking System + + +KDE uses Bugzilla, a "Defect Tracking System". Bugzilla is one of the +most popular tools used in the open source development community. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on KDE's Bugzilla +at . A valid email address +is required for registration. + + +Only for KDE bugs + +This system is only for bugs related to KDE. If the application is not part of +KDE, then the report should be filed in Launchpad instead. Please see the next +section, which covers filing reports concerning Launchpad. + + + + +Launchpad + + +Launchpad is an open source suite of tools that help people and teams to work +together on software projects. Launchpad is used by the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +Projects, as well as various other open source projects. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on Launchpad at +. A valid email address is required +for registration. + + +For any bug in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Launchpad can be used to file a bug report for any application available in the +Ubuntu or Kubuntu repositories. If the report is for a KDE application, the +KDE Bug Tracking system (above) is preferred. + + + + + + +Filing a Crash Report + +When an application crashes in Kubuntu, the appropriate crash dialog will +appear. It is usually easy to file a bug report from the dialog. With a KDE +application, the KDE crash dialog will appear along with instructions +for reporting the bug. Otherwise, the Ubuntu crash dialog will appear with +instructions for filing a bug on Launchpad. + + +KDE + +When an application crashes in KDE, a crash dialog will be presented that is +similar to the following images. The first image shows the +General tab which provides an overview of the crash. The +second image shows the Developer Information tab which +provides trace information that is useful to developers. + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (General tab) + + + + + + + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (Developer Information tab) + + + + + + + + +If the trace information is deemed valuable, filing a bug report is +easy with the crash dialog wizard. If the trace is not deemed valuable, then it +is not possible to file a bug report with the wizard. The bug report can still +be filed manually at . + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Report Bug button. +The following dialog will appear. + + + +Welcome to the Reporting Assistant + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following dialog will appear. + + + +What do you know about the crash? + + + + + + + + + + +Select the applicable options. The drop-down box under the question, +"Does the application crash again if you repeat the +same situation?" has several options. + + + +Does the application crash again if you repeat the same situation? + + + + + + + + + + +After selecting the applicable items from the dialog in the previous step, +click the Next button. + + + + +Depending on the information available in the crash report, either of two +dialogs will appear. One is a dialog that indicates that there is not enough +information to file a good report. The other is a dialog indicating that the +information is useful, and that it would be helpful to continue with filing the +report. + + + +Not enough information for developers to continue the reporting process + + + + + + + + + +This crash information is useful + + + + + + + +If there was not enough information... + +It may be necessary to install the proper debug packages in order to get a good +trace. Such packages include kdebase-dbg, +kdebase-workspace-dbg, +kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + + + +If enough information was provided to continue filing a bug report using +the assistant, a dialog will appear to allow logging in to KDE's Bugzilla. + + + +KDE Bug Tracking System Login + + + + + + + +Use e-mail address as username + +Use the e-mail address that was used to register with KDE's Bugzilla. + + + + + +After logging in with username (e-mail address) and password, +click the Login button. The +assistant will check for duplicates and display the following dialog. + + + +Bug Report Possible Duplicates List + + + + + + + + + + +If there is a possible duplicate report, click the +report in the list and then click the Open +selected report button. Either of the following dialogs will be +presented. + + + +The report you selected is already marked as a duplicate of bug... + + + + + + + + + +Showing the duplicate bug report you selected + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Details of the Bug Report + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Preview Report + + + + + + + + + + +If the information looks correct, click the +Next button. The following dialog will be presented. + + + +Send Crash Report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +Crash information may be different + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Sorry, the program "vlc" closed unexpectedly. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. In this case, it will send the report to +Launchpad. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading problem information + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + + +When Launchpad is finished processing the bug data, the following page will be +presented. + + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Further information + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Non-Crash or Regression Report + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +General Information + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +When the collection of information has been completed, the following dialog +will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Report Details + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed. + + + + + + + + +After the bug data is processed, the following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sk/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sk/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sk/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sk/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1347 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bug Reports +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides step-by-step procedures for filing Kubuntu bug reports. + + + + + +Types of Bug Reports + +Generally, there are three types of bug reports: crash, +non-crash, and feature request. + +Overview of bug types +Crash + + +An application or system crash or failure. Most of the time, a crash dialog will +be presented that can be turned into a bug report. + + + +Non-crash + + +A bug or regression that doesn't cause the application to crash, but does cause +the application to stop functioning properly. + + + +Feature request + + +Also known as a wish list item, this type of report is filed to add a function +to an application, or to change something in the application that isn't due to a +regression or a crash. + + + + + + + +Bug Trackers Used By <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +KDE's Bug Tracking System + + +KDE uses Bugzilla, a "Defect Tracking System". Bugzilla is one of the +most popular tools used in the open source development community. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on KDE's Bugzilla +at . A valid email address +is required for registration. + + +Only for KDE bugs + +This system is only for bugs related to KDE. If the application is not part of +KDE, then the report should be filed in Launchpad instead. Please see the next +section, which covers filing reports concerning Launchpad. + + + + +Launchpad + + +Launchpad is an open source suite of tools that help people and teams to work +together on software projects. Launchpad is used by the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +Projects, as well as various other open source projects. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on Launchpad at +. A valid email address is required +for registration. + + +For any bug in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Launchpad can be used to file a bug report for any application available in the +Ubuntu or Kubuntu repositories. If the report is for a KDE application, the +KDE Bug Tracking system (above) is preferred. + + + + + + +Filing a Crash Report + +When an application crashes in Kubuntu, the appropriate crash dialog will +appear. It is usually easy to file a bug report from the dialog. With a KDE +application, the KDE crash dialog will appear along with instructions +for reporting the bug. Otherwise, the Ubuntu crash dialog will appear with +instructions for filing a bug on Launchpad. + + +KDE + +When an application crashes in KDE, a crash dialog will be presented that is +similar to the following images. The first image shows the +General tab which provides an overview of the crash. The +second image shows the Developer Information tab which +provides trace information that is useful to developers. + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (General tab) + + + + + + + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (Developer Information tab) + + + + + + + + +If the trace information is deemed valuable, filing a bug report is +easy with the crash dialog wizard. If the trace is not deemed valuable, then it +is not possible to file a bug report with the wizard. The bug report can still +be filed manually at . + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Report Bug button. +The following dialog will appear. + + + +Welcome to the Reporting Assistant + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following dialog will appear. + + + +What do you know about the crash? + + + + + + + + + + +Select the applicable options. The drop-down box under the question, +"Does the application crash again if you repeat the +same situation?" has several options. + + + +Does the application crash again if you repeat the same situation? + + + + + + + + + + +After selecting the applicable items from the dialog in the previous step, +click the Next button. + + + + +Depending on the information available in the crash report, either of two +dialogs will appear. One is a dialog that indicates that there is not enough +information to file a good report. The other is a dialog indicating that the +information is useful, and that it would be helpful to continue with filing the +report. + + + +Not enough information for developers to continue the reporting process + + + + + + + + + +This crash information is useful + + + + + + + +If there was not enough information... + +It may be necessary to install the proper debug packages in order to get a good +trace. Such packages include kdebase-dbg, +kdebase-workspace-dbg, +kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + + + +If enough information was provided to continue filing a bug report using +the assistant, a dialog will appear to allow logging in to KDE's Bugzilla. + + + +KDE Bug Tracking System Login + + + + + + + +Use e-mail address as username + +Use the e-mail address that was used to register with KDE's Bugzilla. + + + + + +After logging in with username (e-mail address) and password, +click the Login button. The +assistant will check for duplicates and display the following dialog. + + + +Bug Report Possible Duplicates List + + + + + + + + + + +If there is a possible duplicate report, click the +report in the list and then click the Open +selected report button. Either of the following dialogs will be +presented. + + + +The report you selected is already marked as a duplicate of bug... + + + + + + + + + +Showing the duplicate bug report you selected + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Details of the Bug Report + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Preview Report + + + + + + + + + + +If the information looks correct, click the +Next button. The following dialog will be presented. + + + +Send Crash Report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +Crash information may be different + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Sorry, the program "vlc" closed unexpectedly. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. In this case, it will send the report to +Launchpad. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading problem information + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + + +When Launchpad is finished processing the bug data, the following page will be +presented. + + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Further information + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Non-Crash or Regression Report + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +General Information + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +When the collection of information has been completed, the following dialog +will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Report Details + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed. + + + + + + + + +After the bug data is processed, the following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sl/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sl/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sl/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sl/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1347 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bug Reports +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides step-by-step procedures for filing Kubuntu bug reports. + + + + + +Types of Bug Reports + +Generally, there are three types of bug reports: crash, +non-crash, and feature request. + +Overview of bug types +Crash + + +An application or system crash or failure. Most of the time, a crash dialog will +be presented that can be turned into a bug report. + + + +Non-crash + + +A bug or regression that doesn't cause the application to crash, but does cause +the application to stop functioning properly. + + + +Feature request + + +Also known as a wish list item, this type of report is filed to add a function +to an application, or to change something in the application that isn't due to a +regression or a crash. + + + + + + + +Bug Trackers Used By <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +KDE's Bug Tracking System + + +KDE uses Bugzilla, a "Defect Tracking System". Bugzilla is one of the +most popular tools used in the open source development community. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on KDE's Bugzilla +at . A valid email address +is required for registration. + + +Only for KDE bugs + +This system is only for bugs related to KDE. If the application is not part of +KDE, then the report should be filed in Launchpad instead. Please see the next +section, which covers filing reports concerning Launchpad. + + + + +Launchpad + + +Launchpad is an open source suite of tools that help people and teams to work +together on software projects. Launchpad is used by the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +Projects, as well as various other open source projects. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on Launchpad at +. A valid email address is required +for registration. + + +For any bug in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Launchpad can be used to file a bug report for any application available in the +Ubuntu or Kubuntu repositories. If the report is for a KDE application, the +KDE Bug Tracking system (above) is preferred. + + + + + + +Filing a Crash Report + +When an application crashes in Kubuntu, the appropriate crash dialog will +appear. It is usually easy to file a bug report from the dialog. With a KDE +application, the KDE crash dialog will appear along with instructions +for reporting the bug. Otherwise, the Ubuntu crash dialog will appear with +instructions for filing a bug on Launchpad. + + +KDE + +When an application crashes in KDE, a crash dialog will be presented that is +similar to the following images. The first image shows the +General tab which provides an overview of the crash. The +second image shows the Developer Information tab which +provides trace information that is useful to developers. + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (General tab) + + + + + + + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (Developer Information tab) + + + + + + + + +If the trace information is deemed valuable, filing a bug report is +easy with the crash dialog wizard. If the trace is not deemed valuable, then it +is not possible to file a bug report with the wizard. The bug report can still +be filed manually at . + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Report Bug button. +The following dialog will appear. + + + +Welcome to the Reporting Assistant + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following dialog will appear. + + + +What do you know about the crash? + + + + + + + + + + +Select the applicable options. The drop-down box under the question, +"Does the application crash again if you repeat the +same situation?" has several options. + + + +Does the application crash again if you repeat the same situation? + + + + + + + + + + +After selecting the applicable items from the dialog in the previous step, +click the Next button. + + + + +Depending on the information available in the crash report, either of two +dialogs will appear. One is a dialog that indicates that there is not enough +information to file a good report. The other is a dialog indicating that the +information is useful, and that it would be helpful to continue with filing the +report. + + + +Not enough information for developers to continue the reporting process + + + + + + + + + +This crash information is useful + + + + + + + +If there was not enough information... + +It may be necessary to install the proper debug packages in order to get a good +trace. Such packages include kdebase-dbg, +kdebase-workspace-dbg, +kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + + + +If enough information was provided to continue filing a bug report using +the assistant, a dialog will appear to allow logging in to KDE's Bugzilla. + + + +KDE Bug Tracking System Login + + + + + + + +Use e-mail address as username + +Use the e-mail address that was used to register with KDE's Bugzilla. + + + + + +After logging in with username (e-mail address) and password, +click the Login button. The +assistant will check for duplicates and display the following dialog. + + + +Bug Report Possible Duplicates List + + + + + + + + + + +If there is a possible duplicate report, click the +report in the list and then click the Open +selected report button. Either of the following dialogs will be +presented. + + + +The report you selected is already marked as a duplicate of bug... + + + + + + + + + +Showing the duplicate bug report you selected + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Details of the Bug Report + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Preview Report + + + + + + + + + + +If the information looks correct, click the +Next button. The following dialog will be presented. + + + +Send Crash Report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +Crash information may be different + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Sorry, the program "vlc" closed unexpectedly. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. In this case, it will send the report to +Launchpad. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading problem information + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + + +When Launchpad is finished processing the bug data, the following page will be +presented. + + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Further information + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Non-Crash or Regression Report + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +General Information + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +When the collection of information has been completed, the following dialog +will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Report Details + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed. + + + + + + + + +After the bug data is processed, the following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sr/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sr/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sr/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sr/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1347 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bug Reports +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides step-by-step procedures for filing Kubuntu bug reports. + + + + + +Types of Bug Reports + +Generally, there are three types of bug reports: crash, +non-crash, and feature request. + +Overview of bug types +Crash + + +An application or system crash or failure. Most of the time, a crash dialog will +be presented that can be turned into a bug report. + + + +Non-crash + + +A bug or regression that doesn't cause the application to crash, but does cause +the application to stop functioning properly. + + + +Feature request + + +Also known as a wish list item, this type of report is filed to add a function +to an application, or to change something in the application that isn't due to a +regression or a crash. + + + + + + + +Bug Trackers Used By <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +KDE's Bug Tracking System + + +KDE uses Bugzilla, a "Defect Tracking System". Bugzilla is one of the +most popular tools used in the open source development community. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on KDE's Bugzilla +at . A valid email address +is required for registration. + + +Only for KDE bugs + +This system is only for bugs related to KDE. If the application is not part of +KDE, then the report should be filed in Launchpad instead. Please see the next +section, which covers filing reports concerning Launchpad. + + + + +Launchpad + + +Launchpad is an open source suite of tools that help people and teams to work +together on software projects. Launchpad is used by the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +Projects, as well as various other open source projects. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on Launchpad at +. A valid email address is required +for registration. + + +For any bug in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Launchpad can be used to file a bug report for any application available in the +Ubuntu or Kubuntu repositories. If the report is for a KDE application, the +KDE Bug Tracking system (above) is preferred. + + + + + + +Filing a Crash Report + +When an application crashes in Kubuntu, the appropriate crash dialog will +appear. It is usually easy to file a bug report from the dialog. With a KDE +application, the KDE crash dialog will appear along with instructions +for reporting the bug. Otherwise, the Ubuntu crash dialog will appear with +instructions for filing a bug on Launchpad. + + +KDE + +When an application crashes in KDE, a crash dialog will be presented that is +similar to the following images. The first image shows the +General tab which provides an overview of the crash. The +second image shows the Developer Information tab which +provides trace information that is useful to developers. + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (General tab) + + + + + + + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (Developer Information tab) + + + + + + + + +If the trace information is deemed valuable, filing a bug report is +easy with the crash dialog wizard. If the trace is not deemed valuable, then it +is not possible to file a bug report with the wizard. The bug report can still +be filed manually at . + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Report Bug button. +The following dialog will appear. + + + +Welcome to the Reporting Assistant + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following dialog will appear. + + + +What do you know about the crash? + + + + + + + + + + +Select the applicable options. The drop-down box under the question, +"Does the application crash again if you repeat the +same situation?" has several options. + + + +Does the application crash again if you repeat the same situation? + + + + + + + + + + +After selecting the applicable items from the dialog in the previous step, +click the Next button. + + + + +Depending on the information available in the crash report, either of two +dialogs will appear. One is a dialog that indicates that there is not enough +information to file a good report. The other is a dialog indicating that the +information is useful, and that it would be helpful to continue with filing the +report. + + + +Not enough information for developers to continue the reporting process + + + + + + + + + +This crash information is useful + + + + + + + +If there was not enough information... + +It may be necessary to install the proper debug packages in order to get a good +trace. Such packages include kdebase-dbg, +kdebase-workspace-dbg, +kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + + + +If enough information was provided to continue filing a bug report using +the assistant, a dialog will appear to allow logging in to KDE's Bugzilla. + + + +KDE Bug Tracking System Login + + + + + + + +Use e-mail address as username + +Use the e-mail address that was used to register with KDE's Bugzilla. + + + + + +After logging in with username (e-mail address) and password, +click the Login button. The +assistant will check for duplicates and display the following dialog. + + + +Bug Report Possible Duplicates List + + + + + + + + + + +If there is a possible duplicate report, click the +report in the list and then click the Open +selected report button. Either of the following dialogs will be +presented. + + + +The report you selected is already marked as a duplicate of bug... + + + + + + + + + +Showing the duplicate bug report you selected + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Details of the Bug Report + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Preview Report + + + + + + + + + + +If the information looks correct, click the +Next button. The following dialog will be presented. + + + +Send Crash Report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +Crash information may be different + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Sorry, the program "vlc" closed unexpectedly. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. In this case, it will send the report to +Launchpad. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading problem information + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + + +When Launchpad is finished processing the bug data, the following page will be +presented. + + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Further information + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Non-Crash or Regression Report + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +General Information + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +When the collection of information has been completed, the following dialog +will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Report Details + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed. + + + + + + + + +After the bug data is processed, the following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sv/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sv/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/sv/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/sv/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1347 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Felrapporter +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides step-by-step procedures for filing Kubuntu bug reports. + + + + + +Types of Bug Reports + +Generally, there are three types of bug reports: crash, +non-crash, and feature request. + +Overview of bug types +Krasch + + +An application or system crash or failure. Most of the time, a crash dialog will +be presented that can be turned into a bug report. + + + +Non-crash + + +A bug or regression that doesn't cause the application to crash, but does cause +the application to stop functioning properly. + + + +Feature request + + +Also known as a wish list item, this type of report is filed to add a function +to an application, or to change something in the application that isn't due to a +regression or a crash. + + + + + + + +Bug Trackers Used By <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +KDE's Bug Tracking System + + +KDE uses Bugzilla, a "Defect Tracking System". Bugzilla is one of the +most popular tools used in the open source development community. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on KDE's Bugzilla +at . A valid email address +is required for registration. + + +Only for KDE bugs + +This system is only for bugs related to KDE. If the application is not part of +KDE, then the report should be filed in Launchpad instead. Please see the next +section, which covers filing reports concerning Launchpad. + + + + +Launchpad + + +Launchpad is an open source suite of tools that help people and teams to work +together on software projects. Launchpad is used by the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +Projects, as well as various other open source projects. + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on Launchpad at +. A valid email address is required +for registration. + + +For any bug in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Launchpad can be used to file a bug report for any application available in the +Ubuntu or Kubuntu repositories. If the report is for a KDE application, the +KDE Bug Tracking system (above) is preferred. + + + + + + +Filing a Crash Report + +When an application crashes in Kubuntu, the appropriate crash dialog will +appear. It is usually easy to file a bug report from the dialog. With a KDE +application, the KDE crash dialog will appear along with instructions +for reporting the bug. Otherwise, the Ubuntu crash dialog will appear with +instructions for filing a bug on Launchpad. + + +KDE + +When an application crashes in KDE, a crash dialog will be presented that is +similar to the following images. The first image shows the +General tab which provides an overview of the crash. The +second image shows the Developer Information tab which +provides trace information that is useful to developers. + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (General tab) + + + + + + + + + +KDE Crash Dialog (Developer Information tab) + + + + + + + + +If the trace information is deemed valuable, filing a bug report is +easy with the crash dialog wizard. If the trace is not deemed valuable, then it +is not possible to file a bug report with the wizard. The bug report can still +be filed manually at . + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Report Bug button. +The following dialog will appear. + + + +Welcome to the Reporting Assistant + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following dialog will appear. + + + +What do you know about the crash? + + + + + + + + + + +Select the applicable options. The drop-down box under the question, +"Does the application crash again if you repeat the +same situation?" has several options. + + + +Does the application crash again if you repeat the same situation? + + + + + + + + + + +After selecting the applicable items from the dialog in the previous step, +click the Next button. + + + + +Depending on the information available in the crash report, either of two +dialogs will appear. One is a dialog that indicates that there is not enough +information to file a good report. The other is a dialog indicating that the +information is useful, and that it would be helpful to continue with filing the +report. + + + +Not enough information for developers to continue the reporting process + + + + + + + + + +This crash information is useful + + + + + + + +If there was not enough information... + +It may be necessary to install the proper debug packages in order to get a good +trace. Such packages include kdebase-dbg, +kdebase-workspace-dbg, +kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + + + +If enough information was provided to continue filing a bug report using +the assistant, a dialog will appear to allow logging in to KDE's Bugzilla. + + + +KDE Bug Tracking System Login + + + + + + + +Use e-mail address as username + +Use the e-mail address that was used to register with KDE's Bugzilla. + + + + + +After logging in with username (e-mail address) and password, +click the Login button. The +assistant will check for duplicates and display the following dialog. + + + +Bug Report Possible Duplicates List + + + + + + + + + + +If there is a possible duplicate report, click the +report in the list and then click the Open +selected report button. Either of the following dialogs will be +presented. + + + +The report you selected is already marked as a duplicate of bug... + + + + + + + + + +Showing the duplicate bug report you selected + + + + + + + + + + +If the bug appears to be a duplicate, click the +Add as a possible duplicate button. This will file the +bug report and inform the developers that it may be a duplicate. This is +recommended, except in cases with experienced users where it is clearly not a +duplicate. Clicking the Attach to this +report (Advanced) will attach the crash information to the report. + + +If the bug is not a duplicate, simply click +the Next in the dialog showing the possible duplicates. +A dialog will appear with Let me check more reports. To +prevent checking for more reports and continue to file the report, +click the There +are no real duplicates button. A dialog will appear to enter +additional information concerning the report. + + + +Details of the Bug Report + + + + + + + + + + +Once the details of the bug report are complete, +click the Next button. The +following dialog will be presented. + + + +Preview Report + + + + + + + + + + +If the information looks correct, click the +Next button. The following dialog will be presented. + + + +Send Crash Report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on a successful bug report! +Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving Kubuntu and KDE. +Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress or to +allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +When an application that is not KDE crashes in Kubuntu, a pop-up notification +will appear from Apport that is similar to the +following image. + + +Apport Crash Pop-pup Notification + + + + + + + +Crash information may be different + +The following screen shots were created by crashing the application +VLC deliberately. Crash dialogs associated with other +applications will be different. In an actual bug situation, the application +name, VLC, will be replaced by the name of the +application that actually crashed. + + + +To complete the bug reporting process, follow the procedure below. + +Filing the bug report after a crash + + +Click the Details buttons on +the System Notification Helper. The following dialog +will be presented. + + + +Sorry, the program "vlc" closed unexpectedly. + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report Problem... +button. The Collecting Problem Information progress dialog +will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After all of the information concerning the crash is collected, a dialog will +be presented that displays the details of the report, and the report is sent to +the developers. Click the +Details... button to view details of the report. The +following dialog will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. In this case, it will send the report to +Launchpad. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading problem information + + + + + + + + + + +After the progress dialog completes, the default web browser will open to +Launchpad presenting either the login page or the beginning of the online +version of the bug reporting process. After logging in (if necessary) the +following page will be presented. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed... + + + + + + + + + + +When Launchpad is finished processing the bug data, the following page will be +presented. + + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Next button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Further information + + + + + + + + + + +Any extra information can be filled in about the bug report such as what was +being done when it crashed or the online file locations that may have caused the +crash. The following is a brief description filed with the report in +this procedure. + + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Submit Bug Report +button on the bottom of the page. The following page will be presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful crash +report!Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Non-Crash or Regression Report + +If an application has regressed in its functionality, a bug report should be +filed on that application. A regress occurs when a function worked in a previous +release but in the latest release, it is not working. In most cases, this type +of report will be filed by those who have more experience and may be testing +beta quality software. However there are situations where a user needs to report +an issue with an application that isn't working right, but isn't crashing. The +following procedures will help. + + +KDE + +Filing non-crash related bug reports for KDE applications are done with a web +browser using . + +Register first + +To report a bug, a person must be registered for an account on the bug tracker. +KDE's bug tracker is located at . + + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +In a web browser, go to and either +create a new account or login. Once logged in, the following page will be +presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Report New Wish or Bug +link in the top-right-hand corner of the page to start the process of filing the +bug report. The following page will be presented. + + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + + +Select the proper KDE Version (required) and the +Distribution Method (Should be Ubuntu +Packages) from the drop-down menus. Click +the Continue button when finished with the selections. +The following page will be presented. + + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + + +If the application being reported is in the Application +list, select it and press the Continue button. If the +application is not in the list, skip to the next step. + + + + +Under the Find section under the +Application list, fill in the Keyword +Search text box with the application being reported. It should look +similar to the following image. + + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + + +If the application is located, a page will be displayed similar to the previous +one with the application highlighted. + + + + +Click the Continue button. The +following page will be presented. + + +General Information + + + + + + + + + + +In the Summary text box, enter the summary with +information similar to the example under the text box. Select +Linux in the Operating System +drop-down menu. When completed, Click the +Continue button. The following page will be presented. + + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + + +If a duplicate report is found, click on that report ID to view the report. If +it is a duplicate and more information is needed, then simply enter text in the +large text box confirming it. If more information is not needed, nothing need +be entered. If no duplicate reports are found, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + + +The Severity (required) drop-down menu should display the +Bug - Bug report (no crashes) option. In the Long +Description in English (required) text box, enter all information +pertaining to the bug report. When completed, Click +the Continue button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu and KDE. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update +progress or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing non-crash related bug reports in non-KDE applications can be done either +by going to in a web +browser or by using the Apport bug reporting +application. The following procedure will demonstrate the use of +Apport as this is the recommended way of filing +Ubuntu or non-KDE related bug reports. + +Filing a bug report without a crash + + +Open KRunner, the KDE run command interface, by +pressing AltF2. + + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + + +In the KRunner dialog, enter apport-bug -p +PROGRAM_NAME. Replace PROGRAM_NAME with the +name of the program the bug report is for. Press Enter when +complete. The following dialog will be presented. + + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +When the collection of information has been completed, the following dialog +will be presented. + + +Send problem report to the developers? + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Details... button to +see details of the report to be followed. The following dialog will be +presented. + + +Report Details + + + + + + + + + + +Click the Send button to send +the report to the developers. The following progress dialog will be presented. + + +Uploading Problem Information + + + + + + + + + + +After the information has been uploaded, the web browser will open and display +a page similar to the following. + + +Please wait while bug data is processed. + + + + + + + + +After the bug data is processed, the following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Summary) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Summary text box that describes the bug +with a few words. When finished, Click the +Next button. The following page will be presented. + + +Report a bug... (Further information) + + + + + + + + + + +Enter text in the Further information text box describing +the bug in detail. When complete, Click the +Submit Bug Report button. The following page will be +presented. + + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + + +Congratulations on making a successful non-crash related +bug report! Identifying and reporting bugs are essential to improving +Kubuntu. Some emails may be sent to the registered address to update progress +or to allow developers to get additional information about the bug. + + + + + +Filing a Feature Request or Wishlist Report + +The easiest way to request a new feature in either an application or the +operating system is to file a bug, otherwise known as a wishlist report. + + +KDE + +Filing a feature request report in KDE is exactly the same as filing a non-crash KDE bug report. + + + +Launchpad + +Filing a wishlist report for Kubuntu is exactly the same as filing a non-crash Launchpad bug report. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/uk/bugs.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/uk/bugs.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/bugs/uk/bugs.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/bugs/uk/bugs.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1049 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Звітування про помилки +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено покрокові настанови з надсилання звітів про вади у Kubuntu. + + + + +Типи звітів про вади +Загалом кажучи, існує три типи звітів про вади: звіти про аварійні завершення роботи (crash), звіти про некритичні помилки (non-crash) та запити щодо реалізації можливостей (feature request). +Огляд типів вад +Аварія + +Аварійне завершення роботи програми або цілої системи. У таких випадках система відкриває діалогове вікно звітування про вади, цим вікном можна скористатися для складання звіту про ваду. + + +Некритична помилка + +Вада або погіршення функціональних можливостей, що не призводять до аварійного завершення роботи програми, але не дають програмі працювати належним чином. + + +Запит щодо покращення функціональних можливостей + +Іншою назвою є «запис у списку побажань». Звіти подібного типу пов’язано з додаванням нових функціональних можливостей до програми або зміни якихось з елементів програми, не пов’язаних з погіршенням функціональних можливостей або аварійним завершенням роботи. + + + + + + +Інструменти стеження за вадами, що використовуються у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +Система стеження за вадами KDE + +KDE використовує Bugzilla, «систему стеженян за недоліками». Bugzilla є одним з найпоширеніших інструментів, який використовується у спільноті розробки вільного програмного забезпечення з відкритим кодом. +Зареєструйтеся +Щоб мати змогу створювати звіти про вади, вам слід зареєструватися у Bugzilla KDE за адресою . Для реєстрації слід вказати чинну адресу вашої електронної пошти. + +Не надсилайте звітів, не пов’язаних з KDE +Цю систему призначено для сповіщення про вади, пов’язані з KDE. Якщо програма, у якій ви виявили ваду, не є частиною KDE, вам слід надіслати звіт на Launchpad. Докладніше про створення звітів за допомогою Launchpad ми поговоримо у наступному розділі. + + + +Launchpad + +Launchpad — набір інструментів з відкритим кодом, який допомагає окремим особам та командам спільно працювати над проектами з розробки програмного забезпечення. Launchpad використовується проектами Ubuntu і Kubuntu, а також декількома іншими проектами з відкритим кодом. +Зареєструйтеся +Для створення звіту про ваду вам слід зареєструватися на Launchpad за адресою . Для реєстрації слід вказати вашу чинну адресу електронної пошти. + +Надсилайте будь-які звіти, пов’язані з <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Launchpad можна скористатися для створення звітів про вади у будь-яких програмах зі сховищ Ubuntu або Kubuntu. Оскільки розробка не є найсильнішою стороною вашого дистрибутива, якщо звіт пов’язано з програмою KDE, вам краще скористатися системою стеження за вадами KDE (настанови наведено вище). + + + + + +Створення звіту про аварійне завершення роботи +У разі аварійного завершення роботи програми у Kubuntu буде відкрито відповідне діалогове вікно аварійного завершення роботи. Зазвичай, створити звіт за допомогою цього діалогового вікна доволі просто. Якщо аварійно завершила роботу програма KDE, буде відкрито діалогове вікно аварійного завершення програми KDE, у якому буде наведено настанови щодо звітування про вади. Якщо ж програма не є частиною KDE, буде відкрито діалогове вікно аварійного завершення Ubuntu з настановами щодо створення звітів про вади на Launchpad. + +KDE +Зразки вікон аварійного завершення програм KDE наведено нижче. На першому зображенні наведено вкладку Загальне з загальним оглядом аварійного завершення. На другому знімку можна бачити зразок вкладки Інформація для розробників, де наведено дані трасування, які можуть бути корисними для розробників. + + +Діалогове вікно звітування щодо аварії у KDE (вкладка «Загальне») + + + + + + + + + +Діалогове вікно звітування щодо аварії у KDE (вкладка інформації для розробників) + + + + + + + +Якщо під час зворотного трасування буде зібрано цінні дані, створення звіту про ваду за допомогою майстра звітування буде дуже простим. Якщо дані не мають значної цінності, створити звіт про ваду за допомогою майстра не вдасться. Якщо ви вважаєте це несправедливим, ви можете створити звіт про ваду вручну за допомогою сайта . +Нижче наведено повну процедуру створення звіту про ваду. +Створення звіту про ваду після аварійного завершення + +Натисніть кнопку Надіслати звіт про помилку. Буде відкрито таке діалогове вікно: + + +Вітаємо у помічнику зі звітування + + + + + + + + + +Натисніть кнопку Далі. Буде відкрито наступне діалогове вікно: + + +Що ви хочете знати про цю аварію? + + + + + + + + + +Позначте відповідні пункти. У спадному списку, поряд з питанням «Чи завершує програма роботу у аварійному режимі, якщо відтворити ситуацію?» буде показано декілька варіантів відповідей. + + +Чи завершує програма роботу у аварійному режимі, якщо відтворити ситуацію? + + + + + + + + + +Після позначення належних пунктів у діалоговому вікні, яке було відкрито на попередньому кроці, натисніть кнопку Далі. + + +Залежно від даних, зібраних для звіту щодо аварійного завершення роботи, програмою може бути показано одне з двох діалогових вікон. Одне з діалогових цих діалогових вікон міститиме повідомлення про те, що для належного оформлення звіту зібрано недостатньо даних. Інше повідомлятиме вас про те, що дані є корисними і варто завершити складання звіту. + + +Недостатньо відомостей для розробників, щоб продовжити процес звітування + + + + + + + + + +Ці дані щодо аварії корисні + + + + + + + +Якщо відомостей недостатньо… +Для отримання належних даних трасування потрібно встановити відповідні пакунки з діагностичними символами. Це зокрема пакунки kdebase-dbg, kdebase-workspace-dbg, kdebase-runtime-dbg. + + + +Якщо було зібрано достатньо даних для створення звіту за допомогою допоміжної програми, буде відкрито діалогове вікно для входу до Bugzilla KDE. + + +Вхід до системи спостереження за вадами у KDE + + + + + + + +Іменем вашого користувача буде ваша адреса електронної пошти +У полі імені користувача (username) вкажіть адресу електронної пошти, яку було використано під час реєстрації у Bugzilla KDE. + + + +Після введення імені користувача (вашої адреси електронної пошти) і пароля, натисніть кнопку Увійти. Допоміжна програма виконає пошук можливих дублікатів звітів і покаже наступне діалогове вікно. + + +Список можливих дублікатів звіту про ваду + + + + + + + + + +Якщо ви буде знайдено можливі дублікати, натисніть пункт звіту-дубліката у списку, а потім натисніть Відкрити позначений звіт. Буде показано одне з наведених нижче діалогових вікон. + + +Обраний вами звіт вже позначено як дублікат іншого звіту про ваду… + + + + + + + + + +Показ дубліката вибраного вами звіту про ваду + + + + + + + + + +Якщо ви впевнені, щоб звіт про ваду є дублікатом натисніть кнопку Додати як можливий дублікат. Програма створить звіт про ваду з повідомлення для розробників щодо того, що звіт про ваду може бути дублікатом. Таке поводження з вадами є рекомендованим, окрім випадків створення звітів дуже досвідченими користувачами, які можуть з впевненістю стверджувати, що звіт не є дублікатом. Натискання кнопки Долучити до цього звіту призведе до долучення даних щодо аварійного завершення до звіту про ваду. +Якщо звіт про ваду не є дублікатом, просто натисніть кнопку Далі у діалоговому вікні списку можливих дублікатів. У відповідь програма відкриє діалогове вікно з кнопкою Хочу переглянути інші звіти. Якщо ви не бажаєте переглядати звіти і хочете продовжити звітування, натисніть кнопку Дублікатів немає. Програма відкриє діалогове вікно для введення додаткових даних щодо звіту. + + +Подробиці щодо звіту про ваду + + + + + + + + + +Після визначення подробиць звіту про ваду натисніть кнопку Next. Буде відкрито наступне діалогове вікно. + + +Попередній перегляд звіту + + + + + + + + + +Якщо відомості є точними, натисніть кнопку Next. Буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + + +Надіслати звіт про аварію + + + + + + + + + +Вітаємо зі створенням вашого звіту про ваду! Пошук та звітування про вади є важливою частиною процесу покращення Kubuntu і KDE. На вказану вами під час реєстрації адресу надходитимуть листи з повідомленнями щодо поступу у вирішенні проблем або повідомлення щодо запитів розробників, пов’язаних з додатковою інформацією щодо вади. + + +Launchpad +Якщо аварійно завершила роботу програма, яка не є частиною KDE у Kubuntu, система покаже контекстне сповіщення від програми Apport, подібне до наведеного на наступному зображенні. + +Контекстне сповіщення щодо аварії Apport + + + + + + + +Відомості щодо аварарійного завершення можуть бути різними +Наведені нижче знімки вікон є наслідком певних проблем з аварійними завершеннями у програми VLC. Діалогові вікна сповіщення про аварійне завершення інших програм можуть бути іншими. У вашому випадку назву програми, VLC, буде замінено на назву програми, яка аварійно завершила роботу. + +Нижче наведено повну процедуру створення звіту про ваду. +Створення звіту про ваду після аварійного завершення + +Натисніть кнопку Подробиці Допоміжного засобу сповіщення системи. Буде відкрито таке діалогове вікно: + + +Вибачте, програма «vlc» несподівано завершила роботу. + + + + + + + + + +Натисніть кнопку Повідомити про проблему.... Буде показано діалогове вікно Збирання даних щодо проблеми. + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + +Після завершення збирання всіх пов’язаних з аварією даних буде показано діалогове вікно з резюме звіту, звіт буде надіслано розробникам. Щоб переглянути подробиці звіту, натисніть кнопку Подробиці…. У відповідь програма відкриє діалогове вікно, подібне до наведеного нижче. + +Send problem report to the developers? (Details) + + + + + + + + + +Щоб надіслати звіт розробникам, натисніть кнопку Надіслати. Після натискання кнопки звіт буде надіслано на Launchpad. Буде показано діалогове вікно поступу, подібне до наведеного нижче. + +Вивантаження даних щодо проблеми + + + + + + + + + +Після того, як надсилання буде завершено, система відкриє типову програму для перегляду Інтернету на сторінці входу до Launchpad або на першій сторінці системи звітування про вади. Після введення реєстраційних даних (якщо це буде потрібно) буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + +Будь ласка, зачекайте на завершення обробки даних… + + + + + + + + + +Після завершення обробки даних вади Launchpad буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + +Extra debug information will be added... + + + + + + + + + +Натисніть кнопку Next. Буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + +Further information + + + + + + + + + +Тут можна вказати будь-які додаткові відомості щодо звіту про ваду, зокрема дані щодо дій, які виконувалися перед аварійним завершенням, або адреси, використання яких призвело до аварійного завершення. Нижче наведено приклад такого короткого опису. + +Further information (Completed) + + + + + + + + + +Натисніть кнопку Submit Bug Report, розташовану у нижній частині сторінки. Буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + +Вітаємо зі створенням вашого звіту про ваду! Пошук та звітування про вади є важливою частиною процесу покращення Kubuntu. На вказану вами під час реєстрації адресу надходитимуть листи з повідомленнями щодо поступу у вирішенні проблем або повідомлення щодо запитів розробників, пов’язаних з додатковою інформацією щодо вади. + + + + +Створення звіту щодо неаварійної роботи або регресії +Якщо у новій версії програми з’явилися помилки, яких не було у попередніх версіях, або було звужено можливості, вам слід повідомити про ваду у цій програмі. Зазвичай подібні звіти мають складатися досвідченими користувачами, які виявили помилки під час тестування нових тестових версій програми. Але іноді потреба у складанні таких звітів виникає у звичайних користувачів, які помітили недолік програми, який не призводить до аварійного завершення її роботи. Для складання звіту варто скористатися наведеною нижче послідовністю дій. + +KDE +Створення звітів про вади, не пов’язані з аварійним завершенням програм KDE, слід виконувати за допомогою програми для перегляду Інтернету за допомогою сторінки за адресою . +Зареєструйтеся +Щоб мати змогу створювати звіти про вади, вам слід зареєструватися у системі стеження за вадами. Систему стеження за вадами KDE розташовано за адресою . + +Створення звіту про ваду, якщо аварії не було + +У програмі для перегляду Інтернету перейдіть за адресою і або створіть обліковий запис, або увійдіть до вже створеного запису. Після входу до системи буде показано сторінку, подібну до наведеної нижче. + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Tracking System + + + + + + + + + +Натисніть посилання Report New Wish or Bug (повідомити про нове побажання або ваду), розташоване у верхньому правому куті сторінки, щоб розпочати процедуру створення звіту про ваду. Буде відкрито сторінку, подібну до наведеної нижче. + +Welcome to the KDE Bug Report Wizard! + + + + + + + + + +Натисніть кнопку Продовжити. Буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + +Software Configuration + + + + + + + + + +Виберіть належну версію KDE (KDE Version), заповнення цього пункту є обов’язковим, та спосіб встановлення (Distribution Method) (вам слід вибрати пункт Ubuntu Packages) зі спадних меню. Натисніть кнопку Continue (продовжити), коли вибір буде зроблено. У відповідь буде показано сторінку, подібну до наведеної нижче. + +Application Selection + + + + + + + + + +Якщо програма, звіт щодо якої ви складаєте, є у списку програм (Application), виберіть пункт програми і натисніть кнопку Continue (продовжити). Якщо вашої програми немає у списку, пропустіть наступний крок. + + +У розділі Find (пошук) під списком Application вкажіть назву програми, звіт щодо якої ви складаєте у полі Keyword Search (пошук за ключовим словом). Результат має бути подібними до наведеного на наступному зображенні. + +Application Selection (Search for application) + + + + + + + +Якщо у списку буде знайдено програму, буде показано сторінку, подібну до попередньої, але з позначеним пунктом програми. + + +Натисніть кнопку Продовжити. Буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + +General Information + + + + + + + + + +У полі Summary (резюме) вкажіть резюме, подібне до зразка, наведеного під полем. Виберіть Linux у спадному меню Operating System (операційна система). Після визначення цих параметрів звіту натисніть кнопку Continue (продовжити). У відповідь буде показано сторінку, подібну до наведеної нижче. + +Check for Duplicate Bug Reports + + + + + + + + + +Якщо буде знайдено можливі дублікати звіту, натисніть пункт ідентифікатора (номера) звіту-дубліката, щоб його переглянути. Якщо на сторінці дубліката вказано, що потрібні додаткові дані, просто введіть текст з підтвердженням звіту у велике поле для введення тексту. Якщо додаткові дані не потрібні розробникам, не вводьте нічого. Якщо звітів-дублікатів не буде виявлено, натисніть кнопку Continue (продовжити). У відповідь буде показано сторінку, подібну до наведеної нижче. + +Bug Entry Form + + + + + + + + + +У полі Severity (обов’язкове до заповнення) має бути вказано варіант Bug - Bug report (no crashes) (вада — звіт про ваду (без аварійного завершення). У полі Long Description in English (обов’язкове до заповнення), введіть всі дані, що стосуються звіту про ваду (англійською). Після введення даних натисніть кнопку Continue (продовжити). У відповідь буде показано наступну сторінку. + +Bug Submitted + + + + + + + + + +Вітаємо зі створенням вашого звіту про ваду, не пов’язану з аварійним завершенням роботи! Пошук та звітування про вади є важливою частиною процесу покращення Kubuntu і KDE. На вказану вами під час реєстрації адресу надходитимуть листи з повідомленнями щодо поступу у вирішенні проблем або повідомлення щодо запитів розробників, пов’язаних з додатковою інформацією щодо вади. + + +Launchpad +Створити звіт про ваду, не пов’язану з аварійним завершенням роботи, для програм, які не є частиною KDE, можна або за допомогою сторінки , відкритої у програмі для перегляду Інтернету, або за допомогою програми для створення звітів про вади Apport. Нижче наведено приклад послідовності кроків використання Apport, оскільки використання цієї програми є рекомендованим шляхом створення звітів про вади, пов’язані з Ubuntu або програмами, які не є частиною KDE. +Створення звіту про ваду, якщо аварії не було + +Відкрийте вікно програми KRunner, програми для запуску інших програм у KDE натисканням комбінації клавіш AltF2. + +KRunner + + + + + + + + + +У діалоговому вікні KRunner введіть команду apport-bug -p НАЗВА_ПРОГРАМИ. Замініть НАЗВА_ПРОГРАМИ на назву програми, звіт щодо вади у якій ви складаєте. Після завершення введення команди натисніть клавішу Enter. У відповідь буде показано діалогове вікно, подібне до наведеного нижче. + +Collecting Problem Information + + + + + + + + + +Після завершення збирання даних буде показано таке діалогове вікно: + +Надіслати звіт про проблему розробникам? + + + + + + + + + +Натисніть кнопку Подробиці…, щоб переглянути подробиці звіту. Буде відкрито наступне діалогове вікно. + +Подробиці щодо звіту + + + + + + + + + +Щоб надіслати звіт розробникам, натисніть кнопку Надіслати Після натискання кнопки звіт буде надіслано розробникам. Буде показано діалогове вікно поступу, подібне до наведеного нижче. + +Вивантаження даних щодо проблеми + + + + + + + + + +Після завершення вивантаження даних буде відкрито програму для перегляду Інтернету на сторінці, подібній до наведеної нижче. + +Будь ласка, зачекайте на завершення обробки даних. + + + + + + + +Після завершення обробки даних вади буде показано наступну сторінку. + +Звітування про ваду… (Резюме) + + + + + + + + + +У поле Summary введіть короткий опис вади у декількох словах. Після введення опису натисніть кнопку Next. Буде відкрито наступну сторінку. + +Звітування про ваду… (Докладніші відомості) + + + + + + + + + +Введіть докладний опис вади у поле Further information (докладніші відомості). Після введення опису натисніть кнопку Submit Bug Report. У відповідь буде показано сторінку, подібну до наведеної на знімку нижче. + +Thank you for your bug report + + + + + + + + + +Вітаємо зі створенням вашого звіту про ваду, не пов’язану з аварійним завершенням роботи! Пошук та звітування про вади є важливою частиною процесу покращення Kubuntu. На вказану вами під час реєстрації адресу надходитимуть листи з повідомленнями щодо поступу у вирішенні проблем або повідомлення щодо запитів розробників, пов’язаних з додатковою інформацією щодо вади. + + + + +Створення звіту з запитом на додаткові можливості або побажаннями +Найпростішим способом повідомити авторів програми про ваші побажання щодо покращення функціональних можливостей програми або дистрибутива є створення повідомлення про ваду, що належить до списку побажань. + +KDE +Процедура створення побажання щодо вдосконалення можливостей KDE збігається з процедурою створення звіту щодо некритичної помилки у KDE. + + +Launchpad +Процедура створення побажання щодо вдосконалення можливостей для Kubuntu збігається з процедурою створення звіту щодо некритичної помилки на Launchpad. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/de/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/de/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/de/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/de/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Einführung in die Kommandozeile +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument bietet einen kurze Beschreibung der Linux Kommandozeile. Dies ist keine komplette Anleitung für die Kommandozeile aber eine Einführung um Kubuntu's grafische Werkzeuge zu vervollständigen. + + + + +Einleitung + + +Unter Linux gibt es grafische Benutzeroberflächen, die Sie mit der Maus bedienen können. Meist ermöglichen sie Ihnen Ihre Arbeit zu erledigen, ohne vorher Handbücher und Hilfedateien gelesen haben zu müssen. Die traditionelle Unix-Umgebung ist jedoch die Befehlszeile. Hier geben Sie Befehle ein, die Ihrem Rechner sagen, was er tun soll. Das ist schneller und leistungsfähiger, setzt aber die Kenntnis der Befehle voraus." --von man intro(1) + +Diese Anleitung beschreibt einige grundlegende GNU/Linux Shellbefehle. Sie ist nicht dazu gedacht eine komplette Anleitung für die Kommandozeile zu sein, sondern nur eine Einführung um Kubuntu's grafische Werkzeuge zu vervollständigen. + + + +Alle Namen von Befehlen und Dateien, sowie Verzeichnispfade werden in der Schriftart Monospace dargestellt. + + +Die Befehle sollten an einem Kommandoprompt innerhalb eines Terminal's genutzt werden und werden angezeigt als zu tippender Befehl + + +Die Linux Kommandozeile beachtet die Groß-/Kleinschreibung. Benutzer, benutzer und BENUTZER sind unterschiedlich und eigenständig in Linux. + + + + + + +Starten eines Terminals +Kubuntu's Terminalprogramm heißt Konsole und wird über Kickoff-Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeSystemTerminal (Konsole) geöffnet. + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>'s Terminal - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +Datei- und Ordnerbefehle + +pwd - zeige aktuelles Verzeichnis +Der pwd Befehl zeigt das Verzeichnis in dem sich der Benutzer gerade befindet (pwd steht für print working directory). Zum Beispiel, wenn man pwd eintippt während man sich im Desktop Ordner befindet, wird angezeigt /home/[username]/Desktop. +Konsole zeigt diese Informationen zusätzlich in dem Tab und der Titelleiste des Fensters. + + + +cd - Verzeichnis wechseln +Der cd Befehl wechselt das Verzeichnis (cd steht für change directory). Wenn ein Terminalfenster geöffnet ist, wird es sich im Homeverzeichnis des Benutzers befinden. Um sich im Dateisystem zu bewegen braucht man cd. + + +Um in den Wurzelordner (englisch root) zu wechseln, geben Sie cd / ein + + +Um in das Homeverzeichnis des aktuellen Benutzers zu gelangen, gibt man cd oder cd ~ ein + +Das ~ Zeichen repräsentiert das Homeverzeichnis des aktuellen Benutzers. Wie oben gezeigt, ist cd ~ ein equivalent zu cd /home/benuzername/. Wie dem auch sei, wenn man einen Befehl als root ausführt (mit der Verwendung von sudo, zum Beispiel), zeigt ~ nach /root. Wenn man den cd Befehl mit sudo aufruft, muss immer der vollständige Pfad zum Homeverzeichnis angegeben werden. + + + +Um in die nächsthöhere Ordnerebene zu wechseln, geben Sie cd .. ein + + +Um zwei Verzeichnisebenen nach oben zu navigieren gibt man ein: cd ../../ + + +Um zum vorherigen Verzeichnis zu wechseln (zurück gehen), gibt man cd - ein + + +Um sich auf einmal durch verschiedene Verzeichnisebenen zu bewegen, sollte der gesamte Verzeichnispfad angegeben werden. Zum Beispiel, nutzt man cd /var/log um direkt in das /log Unterverzeichnis von /var/ zu gelangen. Ein weiteres Beispiel, mit cd ~/Desktop gelangt man in das Desktop Unterverzeichnis im Homeverzeichnis des aktuellen Benutzers. + + + + +ls - Auflistung von Dateien +Der ls Befehl gibt eine Liste der Dateien im aktuellen Verzeichnis aus (ls ist die Kurzform von list). Zum Beispiel gibt ls ~ alle Dateien aus die im Homeverzeichnis des aktuellen Benutzers sind. +Wird ls mit der Option -l aufgerufen, liefert es noch andere Informationen neben dem Dateinamen, wie die Rechte auf die Datei, der Eigentümer der Datei und mehr. +Wird ls mit den Optionen -al aufgerufen, liefert es die Informationen die mit der -l Option verbunden sind und zusätzlich zeigt es versteckte Dateien (a Option). + + +touch - erzeugt eine leere Datei +Der touch Befehl wird genutzt um entweder den Dateizugriffs und Änderungszeitstempel zu ändern oder um eine neue leere Datei zu erstellen. Zum Beispiel touch foo erzeugt eine neue leere Datei mit dem Namen foo. Wenn foo bereits eine Datei ist, wird der Aufruf von touch die Zeitstempel auf der Datei erneuern welche die Zeit zeigen, wann die Datei das letzte mal angefasst wurde. + + +mkdir - Verzeichnis anlegen +Der mkdir Befehl wird genutzt um neue Verzeichnisse anzulegen (mkdir steht für make directory). Um ein neues Verzeichnis mit dem Namen foobar anzulegen, gibt man mkdir foobar ein. + + +cp - kopiert Dateien oder Verzeichnisse +Der cp Befehl macht Kopien von einer Datei oder einem Verzeichnis (cp steht für copy). Um eine exakte Kopie von foo mit dem Namen bar anzulegen, gibt man ein: cp foo bar. Um eine exakte Kopie von dem Verzeichnis foo_dir mit dem Namen bar_dir anzulegen gibt man ein: cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + +mv - verschiebt Dateien oder Verzeichnisse +Der mv Befehl verschiebt eine Datei oder ein Verzeichnis an einen anderen Ort oder benennt eine Datei oder ein Verzeichnis um (mv steht für move). Um die Datei foo in bar umzubenennen gibt man ein: mv foo bar. Um die Datei foo in das Desktop des aktuellen Benutzers zuverschieben gibt man ein: mv foo ~/Desktop. Dies wird nicht foo in Desktop umbenennen, da foo eine Datei ist und Desktop ein Verzeichnis. + + +rm - löscht Dateien oder Verzeichnisse +Der rm Befehl wird benutzt um Dateien und Verzeichnisse zu löschen (rm steht für remove). Um die Datei foo im aktuellen Verzeichnis zu löschen, gibt man ein: rm foo +Standardmäßig wird rm keine Verzeichnisse löschen. Um ein Verzeichnis zu löschen, muss man die Option -r (es kann auch wahlweise -R oder --recursive genommen werden) benutzen. Zum Beispiel, rm -r foobar oder rm -R foobar oder rm --recursive foobar werden das Verzeichnis foobar und all seinen Inhalt löschen! + + + + + + +Befehle für Systeminformationen + +df - zeigt den freien Festplattenplatz +Der df Befehl zeigt die Festplattenbelegung für alle Partitionen (df steht für disk free). df -h gibt die Infromationen aus unter Verwendung von Megabytes (M) und Gigabytes (G) anstatt von Blöcken (-h meint human readablefür menschen lesbar). + + +free - zeigt den Menge des freien und genutzten Speichers +Der free Befehl zeigt die Menge des freien und benutzten Speichers im System. free -m gibt die Informationen unter Verwendung von Megabytes aus, was die sinnvollste Methode für aktuelle Computer ist. + + +top - zeigt die Top Verbraucherprozesse +Der top Befehl zeigt Informationen über das Linuxsystem - laufende Prozesse, Systemresourcen einschliesslich CPU, RAM & Swap Auslastung und die Gesamtanzahl der laufenden Prozesse. Um top zu beenden drücken Sie q. + + +uname - zeigt Details über die aktuelle Maschine +Der uname Befehl mit der -a Option zeigt alle Systeminformationen, einschliesslich Rechnername, Kernelname & Version und andere Details. Dieser Befehl ist hilfreich um zu sehen, welcher Kernel in Benutzung ist (uname steht für unix name). + + +lsb_release - zeigt alle Details über die aktuelle Linux Version +lsb_release mit der -a zeigt die Versionsinformationen der Linuxversion die im Moment verwendet wird. Zum Beispiel, gibt man ein: lsb_release -a erscheint: No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + +Befehle mit erweiterten Rechten ausführen +Die folgenden Befehle müssen mit vorangestelltem sudo Befehl ausgeführt werden. Genauere Informationen zur Verwendung von sudo (sudo steht für superuser do) finden Sie unter RootSudo. + +Eine neue Gruppe hinzufügen +Der addgroup Befehl wird verwendet um eine neue Gruppe im System anzulegen. Um eine neue Gruppe anzulegen geben Sie ein: sudo addgroup foobar. Der obige Befehl erstellt eine neue Gruppe mit Namen foobar. + + +Einen neuen Benutzer anlegen +Der adduser Befehl wird genutzt um einen neuen Benutzer im System anzulegen. Um einen neuen Benutzer anzulegen geben Sie ein: adduser foobar was einen neuen Benutzer mit dem Namen foobar erstellt. + + +Hinzufügen oder Ändern eines Benutzerpassworts +Der passwd Befehl wird genutzt um einem neuen Benutzer ein Passwort zu vergeben oder das aktuelle Passwort eines bestehenden Benutzers zu ändern. Um dem Benutzer foobar ein Passwort zu vergeben oder sein aktuelles zu ändern geben Sie ein: passwd foobar. Für neue Benutzer erscheint eine Eingabeaufforderung um das neue Passwort einzugeben. Für bestehende Benutzer erscheint erst eine Eingabeaufforderung für das aktuelle Passwort vor der Eingabeaufforderung für das neue Passwort. + + +Benutzer einer Gruppe hinzufügen +Um einen Benutzer foobar zur Gurppe barfoo, hinzuzufügen geben Sie ein: adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + +Einstellungen +Das Standardverhalten für einen Befehl wird normalerweise dadurch verändert, dass man eine --option zu dem Befehl hinzufügt. Zum Beispiel der ls Befehl hat eine -s Option. ls -s enthält die Dateigröße in der Ausgabe. Es gibt ausserdem eine -h Option, welche die Dateigröße in einem für Menschen lesbaren Format. +Optionen können gruppiert werden, so ist ls -sh der gleiche Befehl wie ls -s -h. Die meisten Optionen haben eine lange Version mit zwei vorangestellten Bindestrichen statt einem, so ist ls --size --human-readable also auch der gleiche Befehl wie ls -sh. + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> und Hilfe bekommen +befehl --help und manbefehl sind die beiden wichtigsten Werkzeuge auf der Befehlszeile. +Praktisch alle Befehle verstehen die -h (oder --help) Option, welche eine kurze Beschreibungsübersicht des Befehls und seiner Optionen erstellt und sich dann beendet und zur Eingabeaufforderung zurückkehrt. Geben Sie man -h or man --help um dies selbst zu sehen. +Jeder Befehl und fast jede Anwendung bei Linux haben eine man (Handbuch) Datei. Es ist recht einfach, die Eingabe von man command bringt einen langen Handbucheintrag zu dem speziellen Befehl. Zum Beispiel man mv bringt die Handbuchseite von mv. +Mit den Pfeiltasten können Sie sich nach oben und unten bewegen. Um zur Eingabeaufforderung zurückzukehren, drücken Sie q. +man man zeigt den Handbucheintrag für den man Befehl, was ein guter Start ist. +man intro ist besonders hilfreich. Es zeigt die Einleitung in Benutzerbefehle welches eine gut geschriebene, kurze Einleitung in die Linux Befehlszeile ist. +Es gibt da auch noch die info Seiten, welche generell mehr ins Detail gehen als die man Seiten. Versuchen Sie info info für die Einführung in die Info Seiten. + +Nach Handbucheinträgen suchen +Wenn Sie sich nicht sicher sind welchen Befehl oder welche Anwendung Sie benutzen müssen, können Sie die man Dateien durchsuchen. +Um die man Dateien nach konsole zu durchsuchen versuchen Sie man -k konsole + +Dies entspricht dem Befehl apropos. + +Um nur die Titel der man Dateien auf Ihrem System zu durchsuchen versuchen Sie man -f kde + +Dies entspricht dem Befehl whatis. + + + + + + +Ausschneiden und Einfügen +Es gibt oft Situationen die es erfordern, dass Text in ein Terminal kopiert werden muss. +Text der von einer Webseite kopiert wurde mit CtrlC kann nicht mit CtrlV eingefügt werden wie in anderen Anwenungen, da das Terminal eine andere Tastenkombination für das Einfügen nutzt ShiftInsert. Einfügen kann auch über die Maus geschehen durch einen Rechtsklick in das Terminal und dann auswählen von Einfügen aus dem Menü. +Text kann auch durch auswählen (markieren) des zu kopierenden Textes kopiert werden. Klicken Sie mit der mittleren Taste auf der Maus (oder beide Maustasten gleichzeitig auf einer 2-Tasten Maus) in das Terminal um den markierten Text einzufügen. + +Diese Funktion kann in anderen Terminalemulatoren anders funktionieren als in Konsole. Befragen Sie dazu die Dokumentation Ihres Terminalemulators. + + + + + +Tipps +Speichern während des Tippens + +Pfeiltaste hoch oder Strgp + +Scrolled rückwärts durch die vorher eingegebenen Befehle + + + +Pfeiltaste Runter oder Strgn + +Scrollt vorwärts durch die vorherigen Befehle + + + + +Eingabe + + +Führt den ausgewählten Befehl aus + + + + +Tabulatortaste + + +Die Tabulatortaste ist sehr nützlich. Sie vervollständigt jeden Befehl oder Dateinamen wenn es nur eine Möglichkeit gibt, sonst zeigt es eine Liste an Optionen die zu dem eingegebenen Informationen passen. Die Verwendung der Tabulatortaste verringert auf diese Weise Tippfehler. + + + + +Ändert den Text + +Die Maus wird nicht funktionieren um den Cursor in einem Befehlszeileneintrag zu positionieren. Verwenden Sie die Pfeiltaste Links oder Pfeiltaste Rechts um sich innerhalb eine Zeile zu bewegen. + + +Eingaben an der Eingabeaufforderung fügt den Text hier ein. Es wird nichts überschrieben was bisher schon vorhanden ist. + + +Strga oder Pos1 + +Bewegt den Cursor zum Beginn der Zeile + + + +Strge oder Ende + +Bewegt den Cursor zum Ende einer Zeile + + + + +Strgk + + +Löscht alles von der aktuellen Cursorposition bis zum Zeilenende. + + + + +Strgu + + +Löscht die gesamte Zeile + + + + +Strgw + + +Löscht das Wort vor dem Cursor + + + + + + + +Mehr Informationen +Die folgenden Online-Handbücher sind verfügbar: + + +AptGetHowto - benutzen Sie apt-get um Pakete von der Befehlszeile aus zu installieren. + + +Änderungen der Repositories auf der Befehlszeile - Verwaltung der Softwarerepositories mit der Befehlszeile. + + +grep Howto - grep ist ein mächtiges Befehlszeilenwerkzeug zur Suche. + + +find - finden Sie Dateien auf der Befehlszeile. + + +Befehlszeilen Howto - längerer und vollständiger als diese Anleitung; allerdings noch nicht ganz vollständig. + + +Howto Readline - Informationen zur fortgeschrittenen Anpassung der Befehlszeile. + + +Detailliertere Anleitungen zur Befehlszeile unter Linux finden Sie hier: + + + - ein A-Z Index der Bash Befehle für Linux. + + + - Basis BASH Tutorial, einschliesslich BASH Skripte. + + + - Java-basierende Anleitungen. + + + - ein umfangreiches Buch über Systemadministration, so ziemlich alles für die Befehlszeile. + + + - ein Ort um Befehlszeilenjuwelen zu hinterlegen oder sich Juwelen anderer Benutzer anzusehen. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/es/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/es/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/es/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/es/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,932 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introducción a la línea de órdenes +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona una breve descripción de la línea de órdenes de Linux. No es una guía completa de la línea de órdenes, sino más bien una introducción para complementar las herramientas gráficas de Kubuntu + + + + +Introducción + + +«En Linux existen GUI (interfaces gráficas de usuario), donde puede señalar, seleccionar y arrastrar y, con un poco de suerte, conseguir realizar el trabajo sin tener que leer montones de documentación. El entorno tradicional de Unix es una CLI (interfaz de línea de órdenes), en la cual se escriben órdenes para decirle al equipo lo que tiene que hacer. Es más rápido y potente, pero supone tener que saber lo que hace cada orden.» -- de Introducción a man(1) + +Esta guía se describen algunas órdenes básicas de GNU/Linux. No pretende ser una guía completa a la línea de órdenes, sólo una introducción para complementar las herramientas gráficas de Kubuntu. + + + +Todos los nombres de órdenes, archivos o rutas a directorios se mostrarán usando una tipografía monoespaciada. + + +Las órdenes deben ser emitidas desde un cursor dentro de un Terminal y se mostrarán como: orden a teclear + + +La línea de órdenes de Linux distingue las mayúsculas. Usuario, usuario, y USUARIO son distintas en Linux. + + + + + + +Iniciar una terminal +La aplicación de terminal o consola para Kubuntu se conoce como Konsole y se puede acceder abriendo el Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff luego seleccionando la pestaña Aplicaciones > Sistema > Terminal (Konsole). + + +Terminal de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +Órdenes de archivos y directorios + +pwd - imprime le directorio de trabajo +La orden pwd muestra el directorio en el que el usuario se encuentra en el momento (pwd, siglas en inglés para print working directory o imprimir directorio de trabajo). Por ejemplo, escribiendo pwd mientras se está en el directorio Escritorio va a mostrar /home/[nombre_de_usuario]/Escritorio. +Konsole también muestra esta información tanto en la pestaña como en la barra de título de su ventana. + + + +cd - cambia de directorio +La orden cd cambia el directorio actual (cd, en inglés change directory o cambiar directorio). Cuando una ventana de terminal se abre, el directorio de trabajo será automáticamente la carpeta personal del usuario. La navegación a través de las diferentes carpetas requiere necesariamente la orden cd. + + +Para ir al directorio raíz, teclee: cd / + + +Para navegar a la carpeta persona actual del usuario, escriba: cd o cd ~ + +El caracter ~ representa la carpeta personal del usuario. Como se muestra arriba, cd ~ es equivalente a cd /home/nombre_de_usuario/. Sin embargo, cuando se ejecuta una orden como usuario administrador (o root) (por ejemplo, usando la orden sudo), ~ entonces apunta a /root. Cuando se utiliza cd con sudo, se debe escribir la localización o dirección completa a la carpeta personal. + + + +Para ir a un nivel de directorio más arriba, teclee: cd .. + + +Para ir arriba dos niveles de directorios, teclee: cd ../../ + + +Para ir al directorio previo (ir atrás), teclee: cd - + + +Para navegar a través de varios niveles de carpetas a la vez, especifique la dirección completa de la carpeta. Por ejemplo, escriba: cd /var/log para ir directamente a la subcarpeta (o la carpeta que está dentro de) /log de /var/. En otro ejemplo, escribiendo: cd ~/Escritorio va hacia la subcarpeta Escritorio que se encuentra dentro de la carpeta personal del usuario. + + + + +ls - lista los archivos +La orden ls muestra una lista de los archivos dentro de la carpeta actual (ls en inglés es la forma corta de lista). Por ejemplo, al escribir ls ~ se mostrarán los archivos que estén dentro de la carpeta personal del usuario. +Usado con la opción -l, la orden ls muestra otra información junto con el nombre del archivo, como por ejemplo los permisos, el propietario del archivo, entre otros. +Usado con las opciones -al, la orden ls muestra la información asociada con la opción -l y además muestra los archivos escondidos (opción a). + + +touch - crea un archivo vacío +La orden touch se utiliza para modificar las últimas fechas de acceso de lectura/escritura del archivo, o para crear un nuevo archivo vacío. Por ejemplo, touch foo creará un nuevo archivo de nombre foo. Si foo ya existe como archivo, utilizando la orden touch se actualizarán las fechas de los últimos accesos. + + +mkdir - crea un directorio +La orden mkdir se utiliza para crear un nuevo directorio (mkdir es un acrónimo del inglés make directory). Para crear un nuevo directorio bajo el nombre foobar, introduzca: mkdir foobar + + +cp - copia archivos o directorios + +The cp command makes a copy of a file or directory +(cp is short for copy). To make an exact copy +of foo and name it bar, type: +cp foo bar +To make an exact copy of the foo_dir +directory and name it bar_dir, type: +cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + + +mv - mueve archivos o directorios + +The mv command moves a file or directory to a different +location or will rename a file or directory (mv is short for +move). To rename the file foo to +bar, type: +mv foo bar +To move the file foo into the current user's Desktop directory, type: +mv foo ~/Desktop +This will not rename foo to Desktop +because foo is a file and Desktop is a directory. + + + +rm - elimina archivos o directorios + +The rm command is used to delete files and directories (rm is short for remove). To delete the file +foo for the current directory, type: +rm foo + + +By default, rm will not remove directories. To remove a +directory, you must use the -r option (also can be entered +as either -R or --recursive). For example, +rm -r foobar or +rm -R foobar or +rm --recursive foobar +will remove the directory foobar, + and all of its contents! + + + + + + + +Órdenes de información del sistema + +df - muestra la cantidad de espacio libre + +The df command displays filesystem disk space usage for all +partitions (df stands for disk free). +df -h +will give information using megabytes +(M) and gigabytes (G) instead of blocks +(-h means human readable). + + + +free - muestra la cantidad de memoria libre y usada + +The free command displays the amount of free and used memory +in the system. +free -m +will give the information using megabytes, which is probably the most useful for +current computers. + + + +top - muestra los procesos con más consumo + +The top command displays information on the Linux system - +processes that are running, system resources including CPU, +RAM & swap usage, and the total number of tasks being +run. To +exit top, press q. + + + +uname - imprime detalles sobre la máquina actual + +The uname command with the -a options +displays all system information, including machine name, kernel name & +version, and other details. This command is useful for checking which kernel is +in use (uname is short for unix name). + + + +lsb_release - imprime detalles sobre la distribución actual de Linux +lsb_release con la opción -a muestra la información de la versión de Linux en uso. Por ejemplo, tecleando: lsb_release -a se mostrará: No hay módulos LSB disponibles. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + +Ejecutar órdenes con privilegios adicionales + +The following commands must be prefaced with the +sudo command. Please see RootSudo for +information on using sudo (sudo is short for +superuser do). + + +Añadir un grupo nuevo + +The addgroup command is used to create a new group in the +system. To create a new group, type: +sudo addgroup foobar +The above command will create a new group called foobar. + + + +Añadir un nuevo usuario + +The adduser command is used to create a new user on the +system. To create a new user, type: +adduser foobar +which will create a new user called foobar. + + + +Añade o cambia la contraseña de usuario + +The passwd command is used to assign a new password to a +new user or to change the current password for an existing user. To add a +password or change the password for the user foobar, +type: +passwd foobar +For new users, this will generate a prompt to enter the new password. For +an +existing user, there will be a prompt for the existing password before the +prompt for a new password. + + + +Asigana un usuario a un grupo +Para asignar el usuario foobar al grupo barfoo, teclee: adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + +Opciones + +The default behavior for a command may usually be modified by adding --option to the command. For example, the ls command has an +-s option. The ls -s will include file +sizes in the listing. There is also a -h option to display +file sizes in a human readable format. + + +Options can be grouped in clusters, so +ls -sh +is the same command as + ls -s -h +Most options have a long version, prefixed with two dashes instead of one, so +ls --size --human-readable +is also the same command as +ls -sh + + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> y conseguir ayuda + +command --help and +man command are the two most important +tools at the command line. + + +Virtually all commands understand the -h (or +--help) option which will produce a short usage description +of the command and its options, then exit back to the command prompt. Type: +man -h +or +man --help +to see this in action. + + +Every command and nearly every application in Linux has a +man (manual) file. It is as simple as typing man +command to bring up a longer manual entry for the specified command. +For example: +man mv +brings up the mv manual. + +Muévase arriba y abajo por el archivo de manual con las teclas del cursor (las flechas), y salga al intérprete de órdenes con la tecla q. +man man le da entrada al manual de la orden man lo cual es una buena forma de empezar. + +man intro +is especially useful. It displays the introduction to user +commands which is a well-written, brief introduction to the Linux +command line. + + +There are also info pages, which generally go into more +detail than man pages. Try: +info info +for the introduction to info pages. + + +Buscar archivos man +Si no está seguro de qué orden o aplicación necesita usar, puede buscar en el archivo man. + +To search the man files for konsole, try: +man -k konsole + + +Esto es lo mismo que la orden apropos. + + +To search only the titles of your system's man files, try: +man -f kde + + +Esto es lo mismo que la orden whatis. + + + + + + +Cortar y pegar +Hay frecuentes situaciones que requieren pegar texto en la terminal. + +Text copied from a web page using +CtrlC won't paste with +CtrlV as it does in +other applications because the +terminal uses a different combination for paste, +ShiftInsert. Pasting can +also be done using the mouse by right-clicking in +the terminal and selecting Paste from the menu. + + +Text can also be copied by selecting (highlighting) the text to be copied. +Clicking the middle button on the mouse (or both +buttons simultaneously on a two-button mouse) in the terminal pastes the +selected text. + + + +These actions may work differently in other terminal emulators than Konsole. +Consult your terminal emulator's documentation for details. + + + + + + +Consejos +Save on Typing + +Flecha arriba o Ctrlp + +Volver a la orden introducida anteriormente + + + +Flecha abajo o Ctrln + + +Scrolls forward through previous commands + + + + + +Intro + + +Ejecutar la orden seleccionada + + + + +Tabulador + + + +Tab is a useful feature. It autocompletes any commands or filenames if there is +one option, otherwise it displays a list of options that fit the information +entered. Using tab in this way reduces typing errors. + + + + + +Cambiar el texto + + +The mouse won't work to position the cursor in a command line entry. Use the +Left Arrow or the Right Arrow keys to move +within the line. + + + + +Typing at the cursor inserts text there. It doesn't +overwrite what is already there. + + + +Ctrla o Inicio + +Mover el cursor al inicio de la línea + + + +Ctrle o Fin + +Mover el cursor al final de la línea + + + + +Ctrlk + + +Borrar desde la posición actual del cursor hasta el final de la línea + + + + +Ctrlu + + +Borrar la línea entera + + + + +Ctrlw + + +Borrar la palabra antes del cursor + + + + + + + +Más información +Las siguientes guías en línea están disponibles: + + +AptGetHowto - usando apt-get para instalar paquetes desde la línea de órdenes. + + + +Commandline +Repository Editing - managing software repositories through the command +line. + + + + +grep +Howto - grep is a powerful command line search tool. + + + + +find - +locate files from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Howto - longer and more complete than this basic guide; still not +finished however. + + + + +Howto +Readline - information on more advanced customization for the +command line. + + + +Para tutoriales más detallados sobre la línea de órdenes de Linux, consulte: + + + - un índice de la A a la Z del la línea de órdenes Bash para Linux. + + + + - basic BASH +tutorials, including BASH scripting. + + + + - Tutoriales basados en Java. + + + + - a massive online book +about system administration, almost all from the command line. + + + + + - a place to record command-line +gems and view other's gems as well. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/et/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/et/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/et/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/et/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Sissejuhatus käsurea kasutamisse +&legalnotice; + +See dokument annab lühiülevaate Linuxi käsureast. See pole täielik käsurea juhend, vaid pigem sissejuhatus, mis täiendab Kubuntu graafilisi tööriistu. + + + + +Sissejuhatus + + +"Linuxis on GUI-d (graafilised kasutajaliidesed), kus saad osutada, klõpsata ja lohistada ning loodetavasti saad töö tehtud ilma eelnevalt dokumentatsiooni lugemata. Traditsiooniline Unixi keskkond on CLI (käsurealiides), kuhu trükid käske, öeldes arvutile, mida teha. See on kiirem ja võimekam, kuid nõuab käskude väljaselgitamist." -- from man intro(1) + +See juhend kirjeldab mõnda põhilist GNU/Linuxi shelli käsku. See ei ole täielik käsurea juhend. Tegemist on lihtsalt sissejuhatusega, täiendamaks Kubuntu graafilisi tööriistu. + + + +Kõik käskude nimed, failinimed või kataloogide asukohateed kuvatakse ühelaiuse fondiga. + + +Käsud tuleks käivitada Terminalis ja neid näidatakse kui: käsk, mida trükkida + + +Linuxi käsurida on tõstutundlik. Kasutaja, kasutaja ja KASUTAJA mõistetakse Linuxis erinevalt. + + + + + + +Terminali käivitamine +Kubuntu terminalirakendust nimetatakse Konsooliks ja seda avatakse järgmiselt: Kickoffi rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTerminal (Konsool). + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> terminal - Konsool + + + + + + + + + + + +Failide ja kataloogide käsud + +pwd - töökataloogi kuvamine +Käsk pwd kuvab kataloogi, kus kasutaja praegu asub (pwd tähendab print working directory (kuva töökataloog)). Näiteks trükkides pwd kataloogis Töölaud, kuvatakse /home/[kasutajanimi]/Töölaud. +Konsool kuvab selle teabe oma akna vahekaardil ja tiitliribal. + + + +cd - kataloogi vahetamine +Käsk cd vahetab katalooge (cd tähendab muuda kataloog). Kui terminaliaken avatakse, asub see kasutaja kodukataloogis. Failisüsteemis ringi liikumiseks on vaja kasutada käsku cd. + + +Juurkausta liikumiseks trüki cd / + + +Praeguse kasutaja kodukataloogi liikumiseks trüki: cd või cd ~ + +Käsk ~ esindab praeguse kasutaja kodukataloogi. Nagu ülal näidatud, on cd ~ käsu cd /home/username/ ekvivalent. Kui käivitad selle käsu juurkasutajana (näiteks sudoga), siis viitab ~ kataloogile /root. Kui käivitad käsu cd koos sudoga, siis pead trükkima kodukataloogi täieliku asukoha. + + + +Ühe kausta võrra üles liikumiseks trüki cd .. + + +Kahe kausta võrra üles liikumiseks trüki cd ../../ + + +Eelmisesse kataloogi (tagasi) liikumiseks trüki: cd - + + +Korraga läbi mitme kataloogitaseme liikumiseks määra kataloogi täistee. Näiteks trüki: cd /var/log, et minna otse alamkataloogi /log subdirectory of /var/. For another example, typing: cd ~/Desktop moves to the Desktop subdirectory inside the current user's home directory. + + + + +ls - failide loendi kuvamine +Käsk ls kuvab praeguses kataloogis olevate failide loendi (ls on lühend sõnast list). Näiteks ls ~ kuvab praeguse kasutaja kodukataloogis olevad failid. +Koos võtmega -l väljastab ls peale faili nime veel muudki teavet, nagu faili õigused, faili omanik ja muud. +Koos võtmega -al väljastab ls sama teabe, mis -l, kuid kuvab ka peidetud failid (võti a). + + +touch - tühja faili loomine +Käsku touch kasutatakse faili vaatamise ja muutmise ajatemplite muutmiseks või uue tühja faili loomiseks. Näiteks touch foo loob uue tühja faili nimega foo. Kui foo-nimeline fail on juba olemas, siis käsu touch kasutamine uuendab faili ajatemplid, mis näitavad, millal faili viimati näpiti. + + +mkdir - kataloogi tegemine +Käsku mkdir kasutatakse uue kataloogi loomiseks (mkdir tähendab kataloogi tegemist). Uue kataloogi nimega foobar loomiseks trüki: mkdir foobar + + +cp - failide või kataloogide kopeerimine +Käsk cp teeb koopia failist või kataloogist (cp on lühend sõnast copy). Failist foo täpse koopia tegemiseks ja selle bariks ümber nimetamiseks trüki: cp foo bar Kataloogist foo_dir täpse koopia tegemiseks ja selle bar_diriks nimetamiseks trüki: cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + +mv - failide või kataloogide liigutamine või ümbernimetamine +Käsk mv liigutab faili või kausta teise asukohta või nimetab faili või kataloogi ümber (mv on lühend sõnast move). Faili foo bariks ümber nimetamiseks trüki: mv foo bar Faili foo liigutamiseks praeguse kasutaja kataloogi Töölaud, trüki: mv foo ~/Töölaud See ei muuda faili nime foo Töölauaks, sest foo on fail ja Töölaud on kataloog. + + +rm - failide või kataloogide eemaldamine +Käsku rm kasutatakse failide ja kataloogide kustutamiseks (rm lühend sõnast remove). Faili foo kustutamiseks praegusest kataloogist, trüki: rm foo +Vaikimisi ei eemalda käsk rm katalooge. Kataloogide eemaldamiseks pead kasutama võtit -r (või -R või --recursive). Näiteks rm -r foobar või rm -R foobar või rm --recursive foobar eemaldab kataloogi foobar ja kogu selle sisu! + + + + + + +Süsteemiteabe käsud + +df - kettaruumi kuvamine +Käsk df kuvab failisüsteemi kettaruumikasutuse kõigil partitsioonidel (df tähendab disk free). df -h kuvab teavet blokkide asemel megabaitides (M) ja gigabaitides (G) (-h tähendab inimesele loetav). + + +free - vaba ja kasutatud mälu hulga kuvamine +Käsk free kuvab vaba ja kasutusel mälu hulga süsteemis. free -m näitab teavet megabaitides, mis on praeguste arvutite puhul tõenäoliselt kõige kasulikum. + + +top - kõige rohkem arvuti ressurssi kasutavate protsesside kuvamine +Käsk top kuvab teavet Linuxi süteemi kohta - töötavad protsessid, süsteemiressursid, k.a. CPU, RAM-i & swapi kasutus ning töötavate toimingute koguarv. topist väljumiseks vajuta q. + + +uname - üksikasjade kuvamine praeguse masina kohta +Käsk uname koos võtmega -a kuvab kogu süsteemiteabe, kaasa arvatud masina nimi, kerneli nimi & versioon ning teised üksikasjad. See käsk on kasulik kontrollimaks, milline kernel on kasutusel (uname on lühend sõnapaarist unix name). + + +lsb_release - üksikasjade kuvamine praeguse Linuxi väljalaske kohta +Käsk lsb_release koos võtmega -a kuvab kasutuses oleva Linuxi väljalaske versiooniteabe. Näiteks kuvab lsb_release -a: LSB mooduleid pole saadaval. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + +Käskude käivitamine kõrgendatud privileegidega +Järgnevate käskude ette tuleb trükkida sudo. Palun vaata lehelt RootSudo, kuidas sudo käsku kasutada (sudo on lühend väljendist superuser do). + +Uue grupi lisamine +Käsku addgroup kasutatakse süsteemi uue grupi loomiseks. Uue grupi loomiseks trüki: sudo addgroup foobar. See käsk loob uue grupi nimega foobar. + + +Uue kasutaja lisamine +Käsku adduser kasutatakse süsteemi uue kasutaja loomiseks. Uue kasutaja loomiseks trüki: adduser foobar, mis loob uue kasutaja nimega foobar. + + +Kasutaja parooli lisamine või muutmine +Käsku passwd kasutatakse uuele kasutajale parooli määramiseks või olemasoleva kasutaja parooli muutmiseks. Kasutaja foobar parooli lisamiseks või muutmiseks trüki: passwd foobar. Uute kasutajate puhul kuvatakse viip uue parooli sisestamiseks. Olemasoleva kasutaja puhul küsitakse enne olemasolevat parooli. + + +Kasutajale grupi määramine +Kasutaja foobar gruppi barfoo lisamiseks trüki: adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + +Valikud +Käsu tavalist käitumist saab muuta, lisades sellele --võtme. Näiteks käsul ls on võti -s. Käsk ls -s kuvab faililoendis ka failide suurused. Võti -h kuvab failide suurused inimesele loetavas vormingus. +Valikud võivad olla grupeeritud klastritesse nii, et ls -sh on sama käsk, mis ls -s -h Enamikel valikutel on pikk versioon, millele eelnevad ühe kriipsu asemel kaks tükki nii, et ls --size --human-readable on sama, mis ls -sh + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> ja abi saamine +command --help ja mancommand on käsurea kaks kõige tähtsamt tööriista. +Peaaegu kõik käsud tunnistavad võtit -h (või --help), mis annab käsu lühikese kasutusjuhendi ja selle võtmed ning seejärel väljub käsuviipa. Selle nägemiseks trüki: man -h või man --help. +Iga Linuxi käsu ja peaaegu iga rakenduse jaoks on man fail (manuaal e. kasutusjuhend). Lihtsalt trüki man käsk, et vaadata pikemat juhendit määratud käsu jaoks. Näiteks: man mv kuvab käsu mv juhendi. +Man failis saab üles ja alla liikuda nooleklahvidega ning sellest väljuda klahviga q. +man man toob esile man käsu käsitsi kirje, mis on hea koht alustamiseks. +man intro on eriti kasulik. See kuvab kasutajakäskude sissejuhatuse, mis on hästikirjutatud lühike sissejuhatus Linuxi käsurea kasutamisest. +On olemas ka info lehed, mis üldiselt sisaldavad rohkem üksikasju, kui mani leheküljed. Proovi: info info, et näha sissejuhatust infolehekülgedele. + +Man failide otsimine +Kui sa pole kindel, millist käsku või rakendust on vaja kasutada, siis võid otsida man faile. +man failidest konsooli otsimiseks proovi: man -k konsole + +See on sama, mis käsk apropos. + +Ainult oma süsteemi man failide pealkirjade otsimiseks proovi: man -f kde + +See on sama, mis käsk whatis. + + + + + + +Lõikamine ja asetamine +Tihti esineb olukordi, kus on vaja teksti terminali asetada. +Veebilehelt klahvikombinatsiooniga CtrlC kopeeritud teksti ei saa CtrlV-ga asetada, sest terminal kasutab selleks teistsugust kombinatsiooni, ShiftInsert. Asetada saab ka hiirega, tehes terminalis paremklõpsu ja valides menüüst Aseta. +Teksti saab kopeerida ka valides (märgistades) kopeeritava teksti. Terminalis keskmise hiirenupu (või kahe nupuga hiire puhul mõlema nupu) vajutamine asetab valitud teksti. + +Need tegevused võivad Konsoolist erinevates terminaliemulaatorites erinevalt töötada. Üksikasju vaata oma terminaliemulaatori dokumentatsioonist. + + + + + +Vihjed +Trüki vähem + +Nool üles või Ctrlp + +Kerib tagurpidi läbi eelnevalt sisestatud käsud + + + +Nool alla või Ctrln + +Kerib edaspidi läbi eelnevate käsud + + + + +Enter + + +Käivitab valitud käsu + + + + +Tabulaatorklahv + + +Tabulaatorklahv on kasulik asi. See lõpetab käsud või failinimed automaatselt. Kui on mitu valikut, siis kuvatakse sisestatud teabega sobiv loend. Tab-klahvi selline kasutamine vähendab trükivigu. + + + + +Teksti muutmine + +Hiir käsureal tööta. Kursori real liigutamiseks kasuta klahve vasakut või paremat nooleklahvi. + + +Kursori kohal trükkimine lisab teksti sinna. See ei kirjuta olemasolevat üle. + + +Ctrla või Home + +Liigutab kursori rea algusesse + + + +Ctrle või End + +Liigutab kursori rea lõppu + + + + +Ctrlk + + +Kustutab kursori praegusest asukohast kuni rea lõpuni + + + + +Ctrlu + + +Kustutab kogu praeguse rea + + + + +Ctrlw + + +Kustutab sõna kursori eest + + + + + + + +Lisateave +Saadaval on järgnevad veebijuhendid: + + +AptGetHowto - käsu apt-get kasutamine pakettide paigaldamiseks käsurealt. + + +Commandline Repository Editing - tarkvaravaramute haldamine käsurealt. + + +grep Kuidas - grep on võimekas käsurea tööriist. + + +find - failide otsimine käsurealt. + + +Commandline Howto - pikem ja täielikum kui see algjuhend; pole siiski veel valmis + + +Howto Readline - teave käsurea põhjalikuma kohandamise kohta + + +Üksikasjalikumaid õpetusi Linuxi käsurea kohta vaata: + + + - Linuxi Bash käsurea A-Z indeks. + + + - BASHi algõpetused, kaasa arvatud BASH skriptimine. + + + - Java-põhised õpetused. + + + - ulatuslik veebiraamat süsteemi administreerimiseks, peaaegu kõik käsureast. + + + - koht, kuhu salvestada käsurea pärleid ning vaadata teiste omasid. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/fr/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/fr/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/fr/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/fr/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1094 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introduction à la ligne de commande +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief description of the Linux command line. It is not +a complete guide to the command line, but rather an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +Introduction + + + +"Under Linux there are GUIs (graphical user interfaces), where you can point and +click and drag, and hopefully get work done without first reading lots of +documentation. The traditional Unix environment is a CLI (command line +interface), where you type commands to tell the computer what to do. That is +faster and more powerful, but requires finding out what the commands are." -- +from man intro(1) + + + +This guide describes some basic GNU/Linux shell commands. It is not intended to +be a complete guide to the command line, just an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + +Tous les noms de commandes, de fichiers ou de répertoires seront signalés par l'utilisation d'une police à largeur fixe. + + + +The commands should be issued from a command prompt within a +Terminal and will be shown as: +command to type + + + + +Command Line Linux is case sensitive. User, +user, and USER are each different and distinct in Linux. + + + + + + + +Starting A Terminal + +Kubuntu's Terminal application is called +Konsole, and is opened by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>'s terminal - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +File and Directory Commands + +pwd - print working directory + +The pwd command displays the directory where the user is +currently +located (pwd stands for print working +directory). For example, typing +pwd while in the Desktop will show +/home/[username]/Desktop. + + +Konsole also displays this information in both the +tab and title bar of its window. + + + + + +cd - changer de répertoire + +The cd command changes directories (cd +stands for +change directory). When a terminal window is opened, it will be +located in the user's home directory. Moving around the file system requires the +use of cd. + + + +Pour accéder au dossier racine, tapez : cd / + + + +To navigate to the current user's home directory, type: +cd +or +cd ~ + + + +The ~ character represents the current user's home directory. +As shown above, cd ~ is equivalent to cd +/home/username/. However, when running a command as root (using +sudo, for example), ~ points to /root. When running a cd command +with sudo, the full path to the home directory must be given. + + + + + +To navigate up one directory level, type: +cd .. + + + + +To navigate up two directory levels, type: +cd ../../ + + + + +To navigate to the previous directory (go back), type: +cd - + + + + +To navigate through multiple levels of directories at once, specify the full +directory path. For example, type: +cd /var/log +to go directly to the /log subdirectory +of /var/. For another example, typing: +cd ~/Desktop +moves to the Desktop subdirectory inside the current user's home +directory. + + + + + +ls - list files + +The ls command outputs a list of the files in the current +directory (ls is short for list). For example, +typing +ls ~ +will display the files that are in the current +user's home directory. + + +Used with the -l option, ls outputs other +information along with the filename, such as the permissions on the file, the +file's owner, and more. + + +Used with the -al options, ls outputs +the information associated with the -l option in addition to +showing hidden files (a +option). + + + +touch - create empty file + +The touch command is used either to change a file's access +and modification timestamps or to create a new empty file. For example, +touch foo +will create a new empty file named foo. If +foo is already a file, then using touch +will update the timestamps on the file which will show +the last time a file was touched. + + + +mkdir - make directory + +The mkdir command is used to create a new directory (mkdir stands for make directory). To create a +new directory named foobar, type: +mkdir foobar + + + +cp - copy files or directories + +The cp command makes a copy of a file or directory +(cp is short for copy). To make an exact copy +of foo and name it bar, type: +cp foo bar +To make an exact copy of the foo_dir +directory and name it bar_dir, type: +cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + + +mv - move files or directories + +The mv command moves a file or directory to a different +location or will rename a file or directory (mv is short for +move). To rename the file foo to +bar, type: +mv foo bar +To move the file foo into the current user's Desktop directory, type: +mv foo ~/Desktop +This will not rename foo to Desktop +because foo is a file and Desktop is a directory. + + + +rm - remove files or directories + +The rm command is used to delete files and directories (rm is short for remove). To delete the file +foo for the current directory, type: +rm foo + + +By default, rm will not remove directories. To remove a +directory, you must use the -r option (also can be entered +as either -R or --recursive). For example, +rm -r foobar or +rm -R foobar or +rm --recursive foobar +will remove the directory foobar, + and all of its contents! + + + + + + + +System Information Commands + +df - display amount of disk space + +The df command displays filesystem disk space usage for all +partitions (df stands for disk free). +df -h +will give information using megabytes +(M) and gigabytes (G) instead of blocks +(-h means human readable). + + + +free - display amount of free and used memory + +The free command displays the amount of free and used memory +in the system. +free -m +will give the information using megabytes, which is probably the most useful for +current computers. + + + +top - display top consuming processes + +The top command displays information on the Linux system - +processes that are running, system resources including CPU, +RAM & swap usage, and the total number of tasks being +run. To +exit top, press q. + + + +uname - print details about the current machine + +The uname command with the -a options +displays all system information, including machine name, kernel name & +version, and other details. This command is useful for checking which kernel is +in use (uname is short for unix name). + + + +lsb_release - print details about current Linux release + +The lsb_release with the -a option prints +version information for the Linux release in use. For example, typing: +lsb_release -a will display: +No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + + +Executing Commands with Elevated Privileges + +The following commands must be prefaced with the +sudo command. Please see RootSudo for +information on using sudo (sudo is short for +superuser do). + + +Adding a New Group + +The addgroup command is used to create a new group in the +system. To create a new group, type: +sudo addgroup foobar +The above command will create a new group called foobar. + + + +Adding a New User + +The adduser command is used to create a new user on the +system. To create a new user, type: +adduser foobar +which will create a new user called foobar. + + + +Add or Change a User Password + +The passwd command is used to assign a new password to a +new user or to change the current password for an existing user. To add a +password or change the password for the user foobar, +type: +passwd foobar +For new users, this will generate a prompt to enter the new password. For +an +existing user, there will be a prompt for the existing password before the +prompt for a new password. + + + +Assign User to Group + +To assign the user foobar to the group +barfoo, type: +adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + + +Options + +The default behavior for a command may usually be modified by adding --option to the command. For example, the ls command has an +-s option. The ls -s will include file +sizes in the listing. There is also a -h option to display +file sizes in a human readable format. + + +Options can be grouped in clusters, so +ls -sh +is the same command as + ls -s -h +Most options have a long version, prefixed with two dashes instead of one, so +ls --size --human-readable +is also the same command as +ls -sh + + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> and Getting Help + +command --help and +man command are the two most important +tools at the command line. + + +Virtually all commands understand the -h (or +--help) option which will produce a short usage description +of the command and its options, then exit back to the command prompt. Type: +man -h +or +man --help +to see this in action. + + +Every command and nearly every application in Linux has a +man (manual) file. It is as simple as typing man +command to bring up a longer manual entry for the specified command. +For example: +man mv +brings up the mv manual. + + +Move up and down the man file with the arrow keys, and quit back to the command +prompt with q. + + +man man +brings up the manual entry for the man command, which is a +good place to start. + + +man intro +is especially useful. It displays the introduction to user +commands which is a well-written, brief introduction to the Linux +command line. + + +There are also info pages, which generally go into more +detail than man pages. Try: +info info +for the introduction to info pages. + + +Searching for man files + +If you aren't sure which command or application you need to use, you can search +the man files. + + +To search the man files for konsole, try: +man -k konsole + + + +This is the same as the apropos command. + + + +To search only the titles of your system's man files, try: +man -f kde + + + +This is the same as the whatis command. + + + + + + + +Cutting and Pasting + +There are often situations that require text to be pasted into the terminal. + + +Text copied from a web page using +CtrlC won't paste with +CtrlV as it does in +other applications because the +terminal uses a different combination for paste, +ShiftInsert. Pasting can +also be done using the mouse by right-clicking in +the terminal and selecting Paste from the menu. + + +Text can also be copied by selecting (highlighting) the text to be copied. +Clicking the middle button on the mouse (or both +buttons simultaneously on a two-button mouse) in the terminal pastes the +selected text. + + + +These actions may work differently in other terminal emulators than Konsole. +Consult your terminal emulator's documentation for details. + + + + + + +Tips +Save on Typing + + +Up Arrow or +Ctrlp + + + +Scrolls backwards through the commands entered previously + + + + + +Down Arrow or +Ctrln + + + +Scrolls forward through previous commands + + + + + +Enter + + + +Executes the command selected + + + + + +Tab + + + +Tab is a useful feature. It autocompletes any commands or filenames if there is +one option, otherwise it displays a list of options that fit the information +entered. Using tab in this way reduces typing errors. + + + + + +Change the Text + + +The mouse won't work to position the cursor in a command line entry. Use the +Left Arrow or the Right Arrow keys to move +within the line. + + + + +Typing at the cursor inserts text there. It doesn't +overwrite what is already there. + + + + +Ctrla or +Home + + + +Moves the cursor to the start of the line + + + + + +Ctrle or +End + + + +Moves the cursor to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlk + + + +Deletes from the current cursor position to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlu + + + +Deletes the entire current line + + + + + +Ctrlw + + + +Deletes the word before the cursor + + + + + + + + +More Information + +The following online guides are available: + + + + +AptGetHowto - +using apt-get to install packages from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Repository Editing - managing software repositories through the command +line. + + + + +grep +Howto - grep is a powerful command line search tool. + + + + +find - +locate files from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Howto - longer and more complete than this basic guide; still not +finished however. + + + + +Howto +Readline - information on more advanced customization for the +command line. + + + + +For more detailed tutorials on the Linux command line, please see: + + + + + - an A-Z index of the Bash command line for +Linux. + + + + + - basic BASH +tutorials, including BASH scripting. + + + + + - Java-based tutorials. + + + + + - a massive online book +about system administration, almost all from the command line. + + + + + - a place to record command-line +gems and view other's gems as well. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/it/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/it/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/it/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/it/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introduzione alla riga di comando +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento fornisce una breve descrizione della riga di comando Linux. Non è una guida esaustiva alla riga di comando, ma piuttosto un'introduzione che funga da complemento agli strumenti grafici di Kubuntu. + + + + +Introduzione + + +"In Linux ci sono le GUI (Graphical User Interfaces, 'Interfacce Utente Grafiche'), dove è possibile puntare, fare clic e trascinare, svolgere il proprio lavoro senza aver letto numerose documentazioni. L'ambiente di lavoro tradizionale di Unix è la CLI (Command Line Interface, 'interfaccia a riga di comando'), nella quale si digitano i comandi che il computer deve eseguire. Questo metodo è molto più veloce e potente, ma richiede la conoscenza dei comandi." -- da Introduzione al manuale(1) + +Questa guida descrive alcuni comandi di base per la shell GNU/Linux. Non vuole essere una guida esaustiva alla riga di comando, ma un'introduzione che serva da complemento agli strumenti grafici di Kubuntu. + + + +Tutti i nomi dei comandi, i nomi dei file o i percorsi delle directory sono visualizzati usando un carattere a spaziatura fissa. + + +I comandi devono essere eseguiti da riga di comando all'interno di un Terminale e saranno mostrati come: comando da digitare + + +La riga di comando Linux è sensibile alle maiuscole. Utente, utente e UTENTE son tutte diverse e ben distinte in Linux. + + + + + + +Avviare un terminale +L'applicazione terminale di Kubuntu è chiamata Konsole e si apre da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaTerminale (Konsole). + + +Il terminale di <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +Comandi per file e directory + +pwd - stampa la directory corrente +Il comando pwd mostra la directory in cui l'utente è attualmente posizionato (pwd significa print working directory, 'stampa la directory corrente'). Ad esempio, digitare pwd mentre si è posizionati in Desktop, mostrerà /home/[nome_utente]/Desktop. +Konsole mostra pure questa informazione sia nella scheda, sia nella barra del titolo della sua finestra. + + + +cd - cambia directory +Il comando cd cambia le directory (cd sta per change directory, 'cambia directory'). Quando viene aperta una finestra di terminale, essa di posizionerà nella directory principale (home) dell'utente. Spostarsi all'interno del filesystem richiede l'uso di cd. + + +Per spostarsi nella directory di root (radice), digitare: cd / + + +Per andare alla directory principale (home) dell'utente corrente, digitate: cd o cd ~ + +Il carattere ~ rappresenta la directory principale (home) dell'utente corrente. Come mostrato sopra, cd ~ equivale a cd /home/nome_utente/. Tuttavia, quando si esegue un comando come root (utilitzzando sudo, per esempio), ~ punta a /root (radice). Quando si esegue un comando cd con sudo, deve essere fornito il percorso completo alla directory principale (home). + + + +Per spostarsi indietro di una directory, digitate: cd .. + + +Per spostarsi indietro di due directory, digitate: cd ../../ + + +Per spostarsi alla directory precedente (indietro), digitate: cd - + + +Per spostarsi tra più livelli di directory con un unico comando, specificate il percorso completo della directory. Per esempio, digitate: cd /var/log per andare direttamente alla directory secondaria /log di /var/. Come altro esempio, se si digita: cd ~/Desktop ci si sposta alla directory secondaria Desktop all'interno della directory principale (home) dell'utente corrente. + + + + +ls - elenca file +Il comando ls restituisce un elenco dei file nella directory corrente (ls sta per list, 'elenca'). Per esempio, digitando ls ~ si visualizzeranno i file contenuti nella directory principale (home) dell'utente corrente. +Usato con l'opzione -l, ls restituisce altre informazioni assieme al nome del file, tipo i permessi sul file, il suo proprietario e altro ancora. +Usato con le opzioni -al, ls restituisce le informazioni associate all'opzione -l e la visualizzazione dei file nascosti (opzione a). + + +touch - crea un file vuoto +Il comando touch è utilizzato sia per modificare l'accesso e la data e l'ora di un file, sia per creare un file vuoto. Per esempio, touch pippo creerà un file vuoto chiamato pippo. Se esiste già un file di nome pippo, l'uso di touch aggiornerà allora la data e l'ora del file, il quale mostrerà dunque l'ultima data in cui è stato toccato. + + +mkdir - crea directory +Il comando mkdir viene utilizzato per creare una nuova directory (mkdir sta per make directory). Per creare una nuova directory chiamata foobar, digitate: mkdir foobar + + +cp - copia file o directory +Il comando cp crea una copia di un file o una directory (cp sta per copy, 'copia'). Per creare una copia esatta di foo e chiamarla bar, digitate: cp foo bar Per creare una copia esatta della directory foo_dir e chiamarla bar_dir, digitate: cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + +mv - sposta file o directory +Il comando mv sposta un file o una directory in una diversa posizione o rinomina un file o una directory (mv sta per move, 'sposta'). Per rinominare il file foo in bar, digitate: mv foo bar Per spostare il file foo all'interno della directory Desktop dell'utente corrente, digitate: mv foo ~/Desktop Questo non rinominerà foo in Desktop perché foo è un file e Desktop una directory. + + +rm - rimuovi file o directory +Il comando rm viene utilizzato per eliminare file e directory (rm sta per remove, 'rimuovi'). Per eliminare il file foo dalla directory corrente, digitate: rm foo +Per impostazione predefinita, rm non rimuove le directory. Per rimuovere una directory, dovete utilizzare l'opzione -r (che può essere anche inserita come -R o --recursive). Per esempio, rm -r foobar o rm -R foobar o rm --recursive foobar rimuoverà la directory foobar, e tutto il suo contenuto! + + + + + + +Comandi per le informazioni di sistema + +df - mostra la quantità di spazio su disco +Il comando df mostra l'utilizzo di spazio su disco del filesystem per tutte le partizioni (df sta per disk free, 'disco libero'). df -h restituirà informazioni sull'uso dei megabyte (M) e gigabyte (G), anziché dei blocchi (-h significa human readable, 'comprensibile all'uomo'). + + +free - mostra la quantità di memoria libera e utilizzata +Il comando free mostra la quantità di memoria libera e utilizzata nel sistema. free -m restituirà informazioni sull'uso dei megabyte, che è probabilmente la caratteristica più utile tra gli attuali computer. + + +top - mostra i processi a maggior consumo di risorse +Il comando top mostra informazioni sul sistema Linux: processi in esecuzione, risorse di sistema incluso CPU, RAM, utilizzo dello swap e numero totale delle attività in esecuzione. Per uscire da top, premete q. + + +uname - visualizza dettagli sul computer corrente +Il comando uname con le opzioni -a mostra tutte le informazioni di sistema, inclusi il nome della macchina, il nome e la versione del kernel e altri dettagli. Queso comando è utile per verificare quale kernel è in uso (uname è l'abbreviazione per unix name, 'nome unix'). + + +lsb_release - visualizza i dettagli sul rilascio corrente di Linux +lsb_release con l'opzione -a visualizza le informazioni di versione per il rilascio Linux in uso. Per esempio, se digitate lsb_release -a verrà mostrato: No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + +Eseguire i comandi con privilegi elevati +I seguenti comandi dovranno essere preceduti dal comando sudo. Consultate la pagina RootSudo per informazioni sull'uso di sudo (sudo è l'abbreviazione di superuser do). + +Aggiungere un nuovo gruppo +Il comando addgroup è usato per creare un nuovo gruppo nel sistema. Per creare un nuovo gruppo, digitate: sudo addgroup nuovogruppo Il comando precedente creerà un nuovo gruppo chiamato nuovogruppo. + + +Aggiungere un nuovo utente +Il comando adduser è usato per creare nuovi utenti nel sistema. Per creare un nuovo utente, digitate: adduser nuovoutente Il comando precedente creerà un nuovo utente chiamato nuovoutente. + + +Aggiungere o modificare la password di un utente +Il comando passwd viene usato per assegnare una password al nuovo utente o per modicare la password corrente ad un utente esistente. Per aggiuntere o modificare una password per l'utente nuovoutente, digitate: passwd nuovoutente Per i nuovi utenti, questo genererà una richiesta per l'inserimento della nuova password; ad un utente esistente verrà prima richiesta la password esistente, poi quella nuova. + + +Assegnare un utente a un gruppo +Per assegnare l'utente nuovoutente al gruppo nuovogruppo, digitate: adduser nuovoutente nuovogruppo + + + + + +Opzioni +Il normale comportamento di un comando può essere modificato aggiungendo --opzione al comando. Per esempio, il comando ls ha un'opzione -s, in modo che ls -s visualizzi le dimensioni dei file nell'output. È presente anche un'opzione -h per avere le dimensioni in un formato leggibile. +Le opzioni possono essere raggruppate in una sola, dunque ls -sh è lo stesso comando di ls -s -h Molte opzioni comprendono una versione estesa, preceduta da due trattini anziché uno, quindi il comando ls --size --human-readable è uguale a ls -sh + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> e ottenere aiuto +comando --help e mancomando sono gli strumenti più importanti per la riga di comando. +Quasi tutti i comandi dispongono dell'opzione -h (o --help), che visualizza un breve messaggio sull'utilizzo del comando e le sue opzioni e quindi ritorna al prompt. Digitat: man -h o man --help per visualizzare queste opzioni. +Ogni comando e quasi ogni applicazione in Linux ha un file man (di manuale). Per trovarli, basta semplicemente digitare man command per avere tutto il manuale. Per esempio: man mv visualizza il manuale del comando mv. +Per spostarsi all'interno del manuale usare le frecce direzionali, per tornare alla riga di comando digitare q. +man man visualizza il manuale del comando man, un buon punto di partenza. +Il comando man intro è molto utile, visualizza la introduction to user commands una breve introduzione ben scritta alla riga di comando di Linux. +Ci sono anche le pagine info, solitamente più dettagliate delle pagine man. Provate: info info per l'introduzione alle pagine info. + +Cercare i file man +Se non siete sicuri di quale comando o applicazione usare, potete eseguire delle ricerche nei file man. +Per cercare i file man per konsole, provate: man -k konsole + +Questo è uguale al comando apropos. + +Per cercare solo i titoli all'interno dei file man del sistema, provate: man -f kde + +Questo è uguale al comando whatis. + + + + + + +Tagliare e incollare +Spesso vi sono situazioni che necessitano che il testo venga incollato all'interno del terminale. +Il testo copiato da una pagina web page tramite la combinazione di tasti CtrlC non verrà incollato con CtrlV come succede in altre applicazioni, poiché il terminale usa una combinazione differente per incollare, MaiuscIns. Si può incollare anche con il mouse facendo clic col tasto destro all'interno del terminale e selezionando Incolla dal menu. +Il testo può anche essere copiato selezionando (evidenziando) il testo da copiare. Il testo selezionato potrà essere incollato facendo clic sul tasto centrale del mouse (o con entrambi i tasti contemporaneamente, se si utilizza un mouse a due tasti). + +Queste azioni potrebbero funzionare in modo diverso in altri emulatori di terminale diversi da Konsole. Per maggiori informazioni, consultate la documentazione del vostro emulatore di terminale. + + + + + +Suggerimenti +Salvare durante la digitazione + +Freccia su o Ctrlp + +Scorre indietro tra i comandi digitati in precedenza. + + + +Freccia giù o Ctrln + +Scorre avanti tra i comandi successivi + + + + +Invio + + +Esegue il comando selezionato + + + + +Tab + + +Tabulazione (Tab) è un'opzione molto utile. Completa automaticamente qualsiasi comando o nome di file se c'è una sola opzione, altrimenti visualizza un elenco di opzioni. L'uso di Tab riduce gli errori in digitazione. + + + + +Modificare il testo + +Il mouse non funziona per posizionare il cursore in una voce nella riga di comando. Usate i tasti freccia sinistra o freccia destra per spostarvi all'interno della riga. + + +Se si digita nel punto del cursore si inserisce lì il testo. Il testo già presente non viene sovrascritto. + + +Ctrla o Inizio + +Sposta il cursore all'inizio della riga + + + +Ctrle o Fine + +Sposta il cursore alla fine della riga + + + + +Ctrlk + + +Cancella dalla posizione corrente del cursore alla fine della riga + + + + +Ctrlu + + +Cancella l'intera riga + + + + +Ctrlw + + +Cancella la parola prima del cursore + + + + + + + +Ulteriori Informazioni +Sono disponibili le seguenti guide in linea: + + +Guida ad apt-get: usare apt-get per installare i pacchetti dalla riga di comando. + + +Modificare dei depositi dalla riga di comando: gestire i depositi software dalla riga di comando. + + +Guida a grep: grep è un potente comando per la ricerca da riga di comando (in inglese). + + +find: localizzare i file dalla riga di comando (in inglese). + + +Guida alla riga di comando: più estesa e completa di questa guida introduttiva; non ancora ultimata, comunque. + + +Howto Readline: informazioni avanzate sulla personalizzazione della riga di comando (in inglese). + + +Per esercitazioni più dettagliate sulla riga di comando Linux, consultate: + + +: indice alfabetico della riga di comando Bash per Linux. + + +: esercitazioni di base per BASH, compresa una guida allo scripting BASH. + + +: esercitazioni scritte in Java. + + +: un imponente libro in linea sull'amministrazione di sistema, eseguita quasi tutta dalla riga di comando. + + +: un luogo in cui registrare virtuosismi da riga di comando o visualizzare quelli altrui. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/km/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/km/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/km/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/km/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:07.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​អំពី​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​សង្ខេប​អំពី​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​របស់​លីនុច​ ។ វា​មិន​មែន​ជា​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ទាំង​មូល​សម្រាប់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជាទេ ប៉ុន្តែ​វា​ហាក់​ដូច​ជា​សេចក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​របស់គូប៊ុនទូ​ បន្ថែមប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ + + +"ក្រោម​លីនុច​មាន​ GUIs (ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក្រាហ្វិក​) ដែល​អ្នក​អាចចង្អុល ចុច និង​អូស​បាន និង​សង្ឃឹម​ដោយ​មុត​មាំ​ថាអ្នក​នឹង​អាច​ធ្វើ​ការងារ​បាន ដោយ​មិន​ចាំបាច់​អាន​ឯកសារ​ជា​មុន​ច្រើន​ពេក​ទេ ។ បរិស្ថានយូនីក​ពីមុន​គឺ​ CLI (ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​) ដែល​ជា​កន្លែង​ដែល​អ្នក​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដើម្បី​ប្រាប់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ឲ្យ​ធ្វើ​អ្វី​មួយ​ ។ វា​កាន់​តែ​លឿន និង​កាន់​តែ​មាន​អានុភាព​ ប៉ុន្តែ​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​រក​ប្រភេទ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ។" -- ពី​ man intro(1) + +មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​នេះ​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពី​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​សែល​របស់​ GNU/លីនុច​ ចម្បង​មួយ​ចំនួន​ ។ វា​នឹង​មិន​មែន​ជា​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍ទាំង​មូល​សម្រាប់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ទេ​ គ្រាន់​តែ​ជា​សេចក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ បន្ថែមប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ + + + +ឈ្មោះ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ឈ្មោះឯកសារ ឬ​ផ្លូវ​ទាំង​អស់​សម្រាប់​ថត​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​ monospace ។ + + +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​អាច​នឹង​ទទួល​បាន​​ពី​ប្រអប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ស្ថានីយ​ ហើយ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ជា​ ៖ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​សម្រាប់​វាយបញ្ចូល​​ + + +បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​លីនុចប្រកាន់​តួអក្សរ​តូច​ធំ​ ។ User, user និង​ USER នីមួយ​ៗ​មាន​ភាព​ប្លែក និង​ខុស​គ្នា​ក្នុងលីនុច ។ + + + + + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ស្ថានីយ +កម្មវិធី​ស្ថានីយ​របស់​គូប៊ុនទូ​ ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ហៅ​ថា​ konsole​ ហើយ​អាច​បើក​បាន​ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ស្ថានីយ​ (konsole​) ។ + + +ស្ថានីយ​របស់​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ​</phrase> - konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ថត និង​ឯកសារ + +pwd - បោះ​ពុម្ព​ថត​ដំណើរ​ការ +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ pwd បង្ហាញ​ថត​ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​ទីតាំង​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ (pwd តំណាង​ឲ្យ​ print working directory​) ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ ការ​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ pwd ខណៈ​ពេល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ /home/[username]/Desktop. +konsole​ ក៏​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ព័ត៌មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទាំង និង​របារ​ចំណង​ជើង​នៃ​បង្អួច​របស់​វា​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + + +cd - ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ថត +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ cd ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ថត​ (cd តំណាង​ឲ្យ​ change directory) ។ នៅ​ពេល​​​បើក​បង្អួច​ស្ថានីយ​ វានឹងត្រូវ​បាន​​កំណត់​ទីតាំងនៅ​ក្នុង​​ថត​ផ្ទះ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ។ ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ទៅ​មក​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​ប្រើ​ cd ។ + + +ដើម្បី​រុក​រក​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ root ​វាយ​ ៖ cd / + + +ដើម្បី​រុក​រក​ទៅ​កាន់​ថត​ផ្ទះ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ វាយ​ ៖ cd ឬ​ cd ~ + +តួអក្សរ​ ~ តំណាង​ឲ្យ​ថត​ផ្ទះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន ។ ដូច​បាន​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​ខាង​លើ​ cd ~ គឺ​ស្មើនិង​ cd /home/username/ ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា នៅ​ពេល​រត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ជា​ root (ឧទាហរណ៍ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ sudo) ~ ចង្អុល​ទៅ​កាន់​ /root ។ នៅ​ពេល​រត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ cd ដោយ​ប្រើ​ sudo ផ្លូវ​ពេញ​សម្រាប់​ថត​ផ្ទះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ ។ + + + +ដើម្បី​រុក​រក​ថត​ឡើងលើ​​មួយ​កម្រិត​ទៀត​ វាយ​ ៖ cd .. + + +ដើម្បី​រុក​រក​ថត​ឡើងលើ​ពីរ​កម្រិត​ទៀត​ វាយ​ ៖ cd ../../ + + +ដើម្បី​រុក​រក​ថត​មុន​ (ត្រឡប់​ទៅ​ដើម​) វាយ​ ៖ cd - + + +ដើម្បី​រុក​រក​តាម​រយៈ​ថត​ជា​ច្រើន​កម្រិត​ក្នុង​ពេល​តែ​មួយ បញ្ជាក់​ផ្លូវ​ថត​ពេញ​លេញ​ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ វាយ​ ៖ cd /var/log ដើម្បី​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ /log ថត​រង​របស់​ /var/ ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ វាយ​៖ cd ~/Desktop ផ្លាស់​ទី​ទៅ​កាន់​ថត​រង​របស់​ ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ នៅ​ខាង​ក្នុង​ថត​ផ្ទះ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ ។ + + + + +ls - ឯកសារ​បញ្ជី +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ls បង្ហាញ​បញ្ជី​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​បច្ចុប្បន្ន (ls ជា​អក្សរ​កាត់​​សម្រាប់​ list) ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ការវាយ​បញ្ចូល​ ls ~ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឯកសារ​ដែល​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ផ្ទះ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន ។ +ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ​ជម្រើស​ -l ls បង្ហាញ​ព័ត៌មាន​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ​ ដូច​ជា សិទ្ធិ​នៅ​លើ​ឯកសារ​ ម្ចាស់​របស់​ឯកសារ និង​​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ +ប្រើ​ជម្រើស​ -al ls បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​ជា​មួយ​ជម្រើស​ -l ព្រម​ទាំង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ឯកសារ​ដែល​បាន​លាក់​ (ជម្រើស​a) ។ + + +touch - បង្កើត​ឯកសារ​ទទេ +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ touch ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​សិទ្ធិ​ចូល​ប្រើ​របស់​ឯកសារ និង​ការ​កែ​ប្រែ​ត្រាពេល​វេលា​ ឬ​ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ឯកសារ​ទទេ​ថ្មី​ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ touch foo នឹង​បង្កើត​ឯកសារ​ទទេ​ថ្មី​ដែល​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ថា​ foo ។ បើ​ foo ជា​ឯកសារ​រួច​ហើយ​ បន្ទាប់​មក​ការ​ប្រើ​ touch នឹង​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​ត្រា​ពេល​វេលា​នៅ​លើ​ឯកសារ​ដែល​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ពេល​វេលា​ចុង​ក្រោយ​ដែល​ឯកសារ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ touched ។ + + +mkdir - បង្កើត​ថត +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ mkdir នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ថត​ថ្មី​ (mkdir តំណាង​ឲ្យ​ make directory) ។ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ថត​ថ្មី​ដែល​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ foobar វាយ​​ ៖ mkdir foobar + + +cp - ចម្លង​ឯកសារ ឬ​ថត +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ cp បង្កើត​នូវ​ច្បាប់​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ ឬ​ថត​ (cp ជា​អក្សរ​កាត់​សម្រាប់​ copy) ។ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ច្បាប់​ចម្លង​ជាក់​ស្តែង​នៃ​ foo និង​ដាក់​ឈ្មោះ​វា​ bar វាយ​​ ៖ cp foo bar ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ច្បាប់​ចម្លង​ជាក់​ស្តែង​នៃ​ថត​ foo_dir និង​ដាក់​ឈ្មោះ​វា​ bar_dir វាយ​​ ៖ cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + +mv - ផ្លាស់​ទី​ឯកសារ ឬ​ថត +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ mv ផ្លាស់​ទី​ឯកសារ ឬ​ថត​ទៅ​កាន់​ទីតាំង​ផ្សេងៗ​​គ្នា​ ឬ​នឹង​ប្តូរ​ឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ​ ឬ​ថត​ (mv ជា​អក្សរ​កាត់​សម្រាប់​ move) ។ ដើម្បី​ប្តូរ​ឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ​ foo ជា​ bar វាយ​​​ ៖ mv foo bar ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី​ឯកសារ​ foo ទៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន វាយ​​ ៖ mv foo ~/Desktop វា​នឹង​មិន​ប្តូរ​ឈ្មោះ​ foo ជា​ Desktop ទេ ពីព្រោះ​foo គឺ​ជាឯកសារ ចំនែក​ Desktop ជា​ថត ។ + + +rm - យក​ឯកសារ ឬ​ថត​ចេញ +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ rm ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​លុប​ឯកសារ ឬ​ថត​ (rm ជា​អក្សរ​កាត់​សម្រាប់​ remove) ។ ដើម្បី​លុប​ឯកសារ​ foo សម្រាប់​ថត​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ វាយ​ ៖ rm foo +តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​ rm នឹង​មិ​ន​យក​ថត​ចេញ​ទេ ។ ដើម្បី​យក​ថត​ចេញ​ អ្នក​ត្រូវ​តែ​ប្រើ​ជម្រើស​ -r (ក៏​អាច​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ជា​ -R ឬ​ --recursive) ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ rm -r foobar ឬ​ rm -R foobar ឬ​ rm --recursive foobar នឹង​យក​ថត​ចេញ​ foobar និង​មាតិការ​បស់​វា​ទាំង​អស់​ចេញ​ផង​ដែរ​ ! + + + + + + +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ព័ត៌មាន​ប្រព័ន្ធ + +df - បង្ហាញ​ទំហំ​ថាស +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ df បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ទំហំ​ថាស​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​សម្រាប់​ភាគ​ថាស​ទាំង​អស់​ (df តំណាង​ឲ្យ​ disk free). df -h នឹង​ផ្តល់​ព័ត៌មាន​ដោយ​ប្រើ​មេកាបៃ​ (M) និង​ជីកាបៃ​ (G) ជំនួស​ឲ្យ​ប្លុក​ (-h មាន​ន័យ​ថា​ human readable) ។ + + +free - បង្ហាញ​ចំនួន​អង្គចង​ចាំ​ដែល​បាន​ប្រើ និង​​ទំនេរ +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ free បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ចំនួន​អង្គ​ចង​ចាំ​ដែល​បាន​ប្រើ និង​ទំនេរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ free -m នឹង​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​ដោយ​ប្រើ​មេកាបៃ​ ដែល​ប្រហែល​ជា​នឹង​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​បំផុត​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​​​បច្ចុប្បន្ន ។ + + +top - បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ដំណើរ​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ខាង​លើ +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ top បង្ហាញ​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​លីនុច​ - ដំណើរ​ការ​ដែល​កំពុង​រត់​ ធន​ធាន​ប្រព័ន្ធ​រួម​មាន​ CPU RAM & ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់ swap និង​ចំនួន​ភារកិច្ច​សរុប​ដែល​កំពុង​តែ​រត់​ ។ ដើម្បី​ចេញ​ពី​ top ចុច​ q ។ + + +uname - បោះ​ពុម្ព​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពី​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បច្ចុប្បន្ន +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ uname ដែល​មាន​ជម្រើស​​ -a បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ទាំង​អស់​ រួម​ទាំង​ឈ្មោះ​ម៉ាស៊ីន ឈ្មោះ​ខឺណែល​ uname unix name) + + +lsb_release - បោះ​ពុម្ព​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អំពី​ការចេញ​ផ្សាយ​លីនុច​បច្ចុប្បន្ន +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ lsb_release ដែល​មាន​​ជម្រើស​ -a បោះ​ពុម្ព​ព័ត៌មាន​កំណែ​សម្រាប់​ការចេញ​ផ្សាយ​លីនុច​ដែល​កំពុង​តែ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ ការវាយ​ ៖ lsb_release -a នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ ៖ គ្មាន​ម៉ូឌុល​ LSB ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​ ។ +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + +ប្រតិបត្តិ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដោយ​ប្រើ​សិទ្ធិ​ជាន់​ខ្ពស់ +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដាក់​បុព្វ​បទ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ sudo ។ សូម​មើល​ RootSudo សម្រាប់​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការប្រើ​ sudo (sudo ជា​អក្សរ​កាត់​សម្រាប់​ superuser do) ។ + +បន្ថែម​ក្រុម​ថ្មី +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ addgroup ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ក្រុម​ថ្មី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ក្រុម​ថ្មី វាយ​ ៖ sudo addgroup foobar ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ខាង​លើ​នឹង​បង្កើត​ក្រុម​ថ្មី​ដែល​ហៅ​ថា​ foobar ។ + + +បន្ថែម​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថ្មី +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ adduser ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថ្មី​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថ្មី​ វាយ​ ៖​ adduser foobar ដែល​នឹង​បង្កើត​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថ្មី​ដែល​ហៅថា​ foobar ។ + + +បន្ថែម ឬ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​អ្នក​ប្រើ +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ passwd ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​កំណត់​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ថ្មី​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថ្មី ឬ​ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​​សម្រាប់​អ្នកប្រើ​ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់​ ។ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ឬ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ foobar វាយ​ ៖ passwd foobar សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថ្មី វា​នឹង​បង្កើត​ប្រអប់​មួយ សម្រាប់​ឲ្យ​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​នូវ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ថ្មី​ ។ សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់ នឹង​មានប្រអប់​ស្នើ​សុំ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់​ មុន​នឹងស្នើ​សុំ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ថ្មី​ ។ + + +កំណត់​អ្នកប្រើ​ជា​ក្រុម +ដើម្បី​កំណត់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ foobar ទៅ​ជា​ក្រុម​ barfoo វាយ​ ៖​ adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + +ជម្រើស +ឥរិយាបថ​លំនាំ​ដើម​សម្រាប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ជា​ទូទៅ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​កែ​ប្រែ​ដោយ​ការបន្ថែម​ --option ទៅ​កាន់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ls មាន​ជម្រើស​ -s ។ ls -s នឹង​រួម​បញ្ចូល​ទំហំ​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​រាយ​បញ្ជី ។ ក៏​មាន​ជម្រើស​ -h ផង​ដែរ សម្រាប់​បង្ហាញ​ទំហំ​ឯកសារ​ជា​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ human readable ។ +ជម្រើស​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដាក់​​ក្រុមជាសំណុំ​ ដូច្នេះ​ ls -sh ជា​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ ls -s -h ដែរ ជម្រើស​ភាគ​ច្រើន​មាន​កំណែ​វែង ត្រូវ​បាន​ដាក់​បុព្វបទ​ដោយ​សញ្ញា​ដាច់​ៗ​ពីរជំនួស​ឲ្យ​សញ្ញា​ដាច់​មួយ ដូច្នេះ​ ls --size --human-readable ក៏​ជា​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដែល​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ ls -sh ផង​ដែរ + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> និង​ទទួល​យក​ជំនួយ +command --help និង​ manពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​ពីរ​ដែល​សំខាន់​បំផុត​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ត្រង់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ +តាម​ពិត​ទៅ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ទាំង​អស់​សុទ្ធតែ​យល់​អំពី​ជម្រើស​ -h (ឬ​ --help) ដែល​នឹង​បង្កើត​​​នូវ​សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពីការ​ប្រើប្រាស់​ខ្លី​ៗ​របស់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ និង​ជម្រើស​របស់​វា បន្ទាប់​មក​ត្រឡប់​ចេញ​ទៅកាន់​ប្រអប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​វិញ​ ។ វាយ​ ៖ man -h ឬ​ man --help ដើម្បី​មើល​សកម្មភាព​នេះ​ ។ +រាល់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា និងស្ទើរ​តែ​គ្រប់​កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​អស់​នៅ​ក្នុង​លីនុច​មាន​ឯកសារ (សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​)​ របស់​ man ។ វា​ធម្មតា​ដូច​ជា​ការវាយ​ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា man ដើម្បី​បង្ហាញ​សៀវភៅដៃ​វែង​ជាង​នេះឡើង​សម្រាប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដែល​បានបញ្ជាក់​អញ្ចឹង​ដែរ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ ៖ man mv នឹង​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​ mv បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ។ +ផ្លាស់​ទី​ឯកសារ​ man ឡើង​លើ ចុះ​ក្រោម​ដោយ​ប្រើ​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ព្រួញ​ និង​​ចេញ​​ត្រឡប់​ទៅ​កាន់​ប្រអប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​វិញដោយ​ប្រើ​ q ។ +man man បង្ហាញ​នូវ​សៀវភៅ​ដៃសម្រាប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ man ដែល​ជា​ទីតាំង​ដ៏​ល្អ​ សម្រាប់​ចាប់​ផ្តើម ។ +man intro ពិត​ជា​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​ខ្លាំង​ណាស់ ។ វា​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​អំពី​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ដែល​ជា​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​ខ្លី​ ហើយ​សរសេរ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ សម្រាប់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​លីនុច ។ +មាន​ទំព័រ​ info ផងដែរ ដែល​ជា​ទូទៅ​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​ជាង​ទំព័រ​ man ។ សាក​ល្បង​វាយ​ ៖ info info សម្រាប់​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​អំពី​ទំព័រ​ info ។ + +រក​មើល​ឯកសារ​ man +បើ​អ្នក​មិន​ច្បាស់​ថា​ អ្នក​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ឬ​កម្មវិធី​មួយ​ណា អ្នក​អាច​ស្វែង​រក​ឯកសារ​ man ។ +ដើម្បី​ស្វែង​រក​ឯកសារ​ man សម្រាប់​ konsole សាក​ល្បង​វាយ​ ៖ man -k konsole + +វា​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ apropos ដែរ ។ + +ដើម្បី​ស្វែង​រក​តែ​ចំណង​ជើង​ឯកសារ​ man របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​អ្នក​ សាក​ល្បង​វាយ​ ៖ man -f kde + +វា​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ whatis ដែរ​ ។ + + + + + + +កាត់ និង​បិទ​ភ្ជាប់ +ជាញឹក​ញាប់​មាន​ស្ថានភាពជា​ច្រើន​​ដែល​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​បិទ​ភ្ជាប់​អត្ថបទ​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ស្ថានីយ ។ +អត្ថបទ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចម្លង​ពី​ទំព័រ​បណ្តាញ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ បញ្ជា(Ctrl)C នឹង​មិន​បិទ​ភ្ជាប់​ដោយ​ការ​ប្រើ​ បញ្ជា​(Ctrl)V ដូច​ដែល​វា​ធ្វើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ទេ ពីព្រោះ​ស្ថានីយ​ប្រើ​បន្សំ​ខុស​គ្នា​សម្រាប់​ការបិទ​ភ្ជាប់​ ប្តូរ(Shift)បញ្ជាន់​(Insert) ។ ការបិទ​ភ្ជាប់​ក៏​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ផង​ដែរ​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​កណ្តុរ​ដោយ​ ចុច​ខាង​ស្តាំ​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ស្ថានីយ រួច​ជ្រើស​ បិទ​ភ្ជាប់​ ពី​ម៉ឺនុយ ។ +អត្ថបទ​ក៏​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចម្លង​ដោយ​ការ​ជ្រើស​ (ការ​បន្លិច​) អត្ថបទ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ចម្លង​ផង​ដែរ ។ ការ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ កណ្តាល​ នៅ​លើ​កណ្តុរ​ (ឬ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ទាំង​ពីរ​ក្នុង​ពេល​តែ​មួយ​លើ​កណ្តុរ​ប៊ូតុង​ទាំង​ពីរ​) ក្នុង​ស្ថានីយ​នឹង​បិទ​ភ្ជាប់​អត្ថបទ​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស ។ + +សកម្មភាព​ទាំង​នេះ​អាច​ដំណើរ​ការ​ខុស​ៗ​គ្នា​នៅ​ក្នុង​វត្ថុ​ត្រាប់​តាម​ស្ថានីយ​ផ្សេង​ក្រៅ​ពី​ Konsole ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត​ សូម​អាន​ឯកសារ​របស់​វត្ថុត្រាប់​តាម​ស្ថានីយ​របស់​អ្នក ។ + + + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​ជំនួយ +រក្សា​ទុក​នៅ​ពេល​វាយ + +ព្រួញ​ឡើង​លើ​ ឬ​ បញ្ជា​(Ctrl)p + +រមូរ​ថយ​ក្រោយ​តាម​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដែល​បាន​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពីមុន + + + +ព្រួញ​ចុះ​ក្រោម​ ឬ​ បញ្ជា​(Ctrl)n + +រមូរ​ទៅ​មុខ​តាម​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ពីមុន + + + + +បញ្ចូល + + +ប្រតិបត្តិ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស + + + + +ថេប + + +ថេប​គឺ​ជា​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ដែល​មាន​សារៈ​ប្រយោជន៍​បំផុត​ ។ វា​បំពេញ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​នូវ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ឬ​ឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ​ណា​មួយ​ បើ​សិន​មាន​ជម្រើស​តែ​មួយ​ បើ​មិន​អញ្ចឹង​ទេ វា​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​បញ្ជី​ជម្រើស​ដែល​សម​នឹង​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​បាន​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ ។ ការ​ប្រើ​ថេប​​តាម​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​នេះ​នឹង​បន្ថយ​កំហុស​ក្នុង​ការវាយ ។ + + + + +ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​អត្ថបទ + +កណ្តុរ​នឹង​មិន​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដើម្បី​ដាក់​ទីតាំង​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​នៅ​ក្នុង​ធាតុ​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ទេ​ ។ ប្រើ​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ ព្រួញ​ឆ្វេង​ ឬ​ ព្រួញ​ស្តាំ​ ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី​នៅ​ក្នុង​បន្ទាត់​ ។ + + +ការ​វាយ​នៅ​​ត្រង់​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​នឹង​ បញ្ជាន់​ អត្ថបទ​នៅ​ត្រង់​កន្លែង​នោះ​ ។ វា​មិន​សរសេរ​ជាន់​លើ​អ្វី​ដែល​មាន​នៅ​ទីនោះ​រួច​ហើយ​ទេ​ ។ + + +បញ្ជា​(Ctrl)a ឬ​ ដើម​(Home) + +ផ្លាស់​ទី​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​ទៅ​ ដើម​ បន្ទាត់ + + + +បញ្ជា​(Ctrl)e ឬ​ ចុង​(End) + +ផ្លាស់​ទី​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​ទៅ​​ ចុង​ បន្ទាត់ + + + + +បញ្ជា(Ctrl)k + + +លុប​ពី​ទីតាំង​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ទៅ​ដល់​ចុង​បន្ទាត់ + + + + +បញ្ជា(Ctrl)u + + +លុប​បន្ទាត់​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ទាំង​មូល + + + + +បញ្ជា(Ctrl)w + + +លុប​ពាក្យ​នៅ​ខាង​មុខ​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច + + + + + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម +អាច​មាន​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​តាម​បណ្តាញ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + +AptGetHowto - ប្រើ​ apt-get ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ពី​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ + + +Commandline Repository Editing - គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឃ្លាំង​កម្មវិធី​តាម​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ។ + + +grep Howto - grep ជា​កម្មវិធី​ស្វែង​រក​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​អានុភាព​បំផុត ។ + + +find - រក​ទី​តាំង​ឯកសារ​ពី​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ + + +Commandline Howto - កាន់​តែ​វែង និង​កាន់​តែ​ពេញ​លេញ​ជាង​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ចម្បង​នេះ ទោះ​បីយ៉ាង​ណា​នៅ​មិន​ទាន់​បាន​បញ្ចប់ ។ + + +Howto Readline - ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការប្តូរ​តាម​បំណង​ដែល​មាន​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ជាង​មុន​សម្រាប់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ។ + + +ចំពោះ​មេរៀន​លម្អិត​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​លីនុច សូម​មើល​ ៖ + + + - ជា​លិបិក្រម A-Z របស់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ Bash សម្រាប់​លីនុច ។ + + + - មេរៀន​ BASH ចម្បង​ ​រួម​មាន​ ការ​ស្គ្រីប​ BASH ។ + + + - មេរៀន​ដែល​មាន​មូល​ដ្ឋាន​លើ Java ។ + + + - សៀវ​ភៅ​ជា​ច្រើន​តាម​បណ្តាញ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​ប្រព័ន្ធ ស្ទើរ​តែ​ទាំង​អស់​មក​ពី​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ + + + - កន្លែង​ដែល​ត្រូវ​កត់​ត្រា​ gems របស់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា និង​មើល​ gems របស់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/oc/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/oc/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/oc/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/oc/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1061 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introduction To The Command Line +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief description of the Linux command line. It is not +a complete guide to the command line, but rather an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +Introduccion + + +« Jos Linux, existisson d'interfàcias d'utilizaire graficas, ont podètz puntar, clicar e desplaçar de components e obténer un resultat (l'espam) sens aver de legir, de per abans, fòrça documentacion. L’environament tradicional d’Unix es puslèu orientat cap a la linha de comanda, ont picatz de comandas per donar d'instriccions a l'ordenador. Es mai rapid e mai poderós, mas aquò necessita de descobrir quinas son aquelas comandas. » -- extrach de introduccion a man (1) + + +This guide describes some basic GNU/Linux shell commands. It is not intended to +be a complete guide to the command line, just an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + +Totes los noms de comandas, de fichièrs o de repertòris seràn senhalats per l'utilizacion d'una poliça de largor fixa. + + + +The commands should be issued from a command prompt within a +Terminal and will be shown as: +command to type + + + + +Command Line Linux is case sensitive. User, +user, and USER are each different and distinct in Linux. + + + + + + + +Starting A Terminal + +Kubuntu's Terminal application is called +Konsole, and is opened by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>'s terminal - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +Comandas relativas als fichièrs e als dorsièrs + +pwd - print working directory + +The pwd command displays the directory where the user is +currently +located (pwd stands for print working +directory). For example, typing +pwd while in the Desktop will show +/home/[username]/Desktop. + + +Konsole also displays this information in both the +tab and title bar of its window. + + + + + +cd - change directory + +The cd command changes directories (cd +stands for +change directory). When a terminal window is opened, it will be +located in the user's home directory. Moving around the file system requires the +use of cd. + + + +Per accedir al dorsièr raiç, picatz : cd / + + + +To navigate to the current user's home directory, type: +cd +or +cd ~ + + + +The ~ character represents the current user's home directory. +As shown above, cd ~ is equivalent to cd +/home/username/. However, when running a command as root (using +sudo, for example), ~ points to /root. When running a cd command +with sudo, the full path to the home directory must be given. + + + + +Per remontar d'un nivèl dins l'arborescéncia dels dorsièrs, picatz : cd .. + + + +To navigate up two directory levels, type: +cd ../../ + + + + +To navigate to the previous directory (go back), type: +cd - + + + + +To navigate through multiple levels of directories at once, specify the full +directory path. For example, type: +cd /var/log +to go directly to the /log subdirectory +of /var/. For another example, typing: +cd ~/Desktop +moves to the Desktop subdirectory inside the current user's home +directory. + + + + + +ls - list files + +The ls command outputs a list of the files in the current +directory (ls is short for list). For example, +typing +ls ~ +will display the files that are in the current +user's home directory. + + +Used with the -l option, ls outputs other +information along with the filename, such as the permissions on the file, the +file's owner, and more. + + +Used with the -al options, ls outputs +the information associated with the -l option in addition to +showing hidden files (a +option). + + + +touch - create empty file + +The touch command is used either to change a file's access +and modification timestamps or to create a new empty file. For example, +touch foo +will create a new empty file named foo. If +foo is already a file, then using touch +will update the timestamps on the file which will show +the last time a file was touched. + + + +mkdir - make directory + +The mkdir command is used to create a new directory (mkdir stands for make directory). To create a +new directory named foobar, type: +mkdir foobar + + + +cp - copy files or directories + +The cp command makes a copy of a file or directory +(cp is short for copy). To make an exact copy +of foo and name it bar, type: +cp foo bar +To make an exact copy of the foo_dir +directory and name it bar_dir, type: +cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + + +mv - move files or directories + +The mv command moves a file or directory to a different +location or will rename a file or directory (mv is short for +move). To rename the file foo to +bar, type: +mv foo bar +To move the file foo into the current user's Desktop directory, type: +mv foo ~/Desktop +This will not rename foo to Desktop +because foo is a file and Desktop is a directory. + + + +rm - remove files or directories + +The rm command is used to delete files and directories (rm is short for remove). To delete the file +foo for the current directory, type: +rm foo + + +By default, rm will not remove directories. To remove a +directory, you must use the -r option (also can be entered +as either -R or --recursive). For example, +rm -r foobar or +rm -R foobar or +rm --recursive foobar +will remove the directory foobar, + and all of its contents! + + + + + + + +Comandas d'informacion del sistèma + +df - display amount of disk space + +The df command displays filesystem disk space usage for all +partitions (df stands for disk free). +df -h +will give information using megabytes +(M) and gigabytes (G) instead of blocks +(-h means human readable). + + + +free - display amount of free and used memory + +The free command displays the amount of free and used memory +in the system. +free -m +will give the information using megabytes, which is probably the most useful for +current computers. + + + +top - display top consuming processes + +The top command displays information on the Linux system - +processes that are running, system resources including CPU, +RAM & swap usage, and the total number of tasks being +run. To +exit top, press q. + + + +uname - print details about the current machine + +The uname command with the -a options +displays all system information, including machine name, kernel name & +version, and other details. This command is useful for checking which kernel is +in use (uname is short for unix name). + + + +lsb_release - print details about current Linux release + +The lsb_release with the -a option prints +version information for the Linux release in use. For example, typing: +lsb_release -a will display: +No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + + +Executar de comandas amb de privilègis importants + +The following commands must be prefaced with the +sudo command. Please see RootSudo for +information on using sudo (sudo is short for +superuser do). + + +Apondre un grop novèl + +The addgroup command is used to create a new group in the +system. To create a new group, type: +sudo addgroup foobar +The above command will create a new group called foobar. + + + +Adding a New User + +The adduser command is used to create a new user on the +system. To create a new user, type: +adduser foobar +which will create a new user called foobar. + + + +Add or Change a User Password + +The passwd command is used to assign a new password to a +new user or to change the current password for an existing user. To add a +password or change the password for the user foobar, +type: +passwd foobar +For new users, this will generate a prompt to enter the new password. For +an +existing user, there will be a prompt for the existing password before the +prompt for a new password. + + + +Assign User to Group + +To assign the user foobar to the group +barfoo, type: +adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + + +Opcions + +The default behavior for a command may usually be modified by adding --option to the command. For example, the ls command has an +-s option. The ls -s will include file +sizes in the listing. There is also a -h option to display +file sizes in a human readable format. + + +Options can be grouped in clusters, so +ls -sh +is the same command as + ls -s -h +Most options have a long version, prefixed with two dashes instead of one, so +ls --size --human-readable +is also the same command as +ls -sh + + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> and Getting Help + +command --help and +man command are the two most important +tools at the command line. + + +Virtually all commands understand the -h (or +--help) option which will produce a short usage description +of the command and its options, then exit back to the command prompt. Type: +man -h +or +man --help +to see this in action. + + +Every command and nearly every application in Linux has a +man (manual) file. It is as simple as typing man +command to bring up a longer manual entry for the specified command. +For example: +man mv +brings up the mv manual. + +Percorrètz lo fichièr d'ajuda amb las sagetas, e quitatz amb la tòca q per tornar al terminal. + +man man +brings up the manual entry for the man command, which is a +good place to start. + + +man intro +is especially useful. It displays the introduction to user +commands which is a well-written, brief introduction to the Linux +command line. + + +There are also info pages, which generally go into more +detail than man pages. Try: +info info +for the introduction to info pages. + + +Recercar de fichièrs man + +If you aren't sure which command or application you need to use, you can search +the man files. + + +To search the man files for konsole, try: +man -k konsole + + +Aquò's identic a la comanda apropos. + + +To search only the titles of your system's man files, try: +man -f kde + + +Aquò's identic a la comanda whatis. + + + + + + +Cutting and Pasting + +There are often situations that require text to be pasted into the terminal. + + +Text copied from a web page using +CtrlC won't paste with +CtrlV as it does in +other applications because the +terminal uses a different combination for paste, +ShiftInsert. Pasting can +also be done using the mouse by right-clicking in +the terminal and selecting Paste from the menu. + + +Text can also be copied by selecting (highlighting) the text to be copied. +Clicking the middle button on the mouse (or both +buttons simultaneously on a two-button mouse) in the terminal pastes the +selected text. + + + +These actions may work differently in other terminal emulators than Konsole. +Consult your terminal emulator's documentation for details. + + + + + + +Astúcias +Save on Typing + +Sageta d'amont o Ctrlp + + +Scrolls backwards through the commands entered previously + + + + +Sageta d'aval o Ctrln + + +Scrolls forward through previous commands + + + + + +Entrar + + + +Executes the command selected + + + + + +Tabulacion + + + +Tab is a useful feature. It autocompletes any commands or filenames if there is +one option, otherwise it displays a list of options that fit the information +entered. Using tab in this way reduces typing errors. + + + + + +Change the Text + + +The mouse won't work to position the cursor in a command line entry. Use the +Left Arrow or the Right Arrow keys to move +within the line. + + + + +Typing at the cursor inserts text there. It doesn't +overwrite what is already there. + + + +Ctrla o Home(Començament) + + +Moves the cursor to the start of the line + + + + +Ctrle o End(Fin) + + +Moves the cursor to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlk + + + +Deletes from the current cursor position to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlu + + + +Deletes the entire current line + + + + + +Ctrlw + + + +Deletes the word before the cursor + + + + + + + + +Mai d'entresenhas +Los guidas seguents son disponibles en linha : + + + +AptGetHowto - +using apt-get to install packages from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Repository Editing - managing software repositories through the command +line. + + + + +grep +Howto - grep is a powerful command line search tool. + + + + +find - +locate files from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Howto - longer and more complete than this basic guide; still not +finished however. + + + + +Howto +Readline - information on more advanced customization for the +command line. + + + +Per de tutorials mai detalhats sus la linha de comanda Linux, vejatz : + + + + - an A-Z index of the Bash command line for +Linux. + + + + + - basic BASH +tutorials, including BASH scripting. + + + + + - Java-based tutorials. + + + + + - a massive online book +about system administration, almost all from the command line. + + + + + - a place to record command-line +gems and view other's gems as well. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/pt_BR/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/pt_BR/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/pt_BR/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/pt_BR/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introdução à linha de comando +&legalnotice; + +Este documento fornece uma breve descrição sobre Linha de comando no Linux. Isto não é um guia completo sobre a linha de comando, mas sim uma introdução para complementar as ferramentas gráficas do Kubuntu. + + + + +Introdução + + +"No Linux existem GUIs (do inglês Graphical User Interfaces - Interfaces Gráficas do Usuário), onde você pode apontar com o mouse, clicar e arrastar e, com um pouco de sorte, conseguir terminar o trabalho sem precisar de ler muita documentação. O ambiente tradicional Unix é um CLI (do inglês Command Line Interface - Interface de Linha de Comando), em que você digita comandos para dizer ao computador o que fazer. Esse modo é mais rápido e poderoso, mas exige que se conheça o que são os comandos." -- de man intro(1) + +Este guia descreve alguns comandos básicos do shell GNU/Linux. Isto não se destina a ser um guia completo sobre linha de comandos, apenas uma introdução para complementar as ferramentas gráficas do Kubuntu. + + + +Todos os nomes de comandos, arquivos ou caminhos para diretórios serão mostrados usando uma fonte monoespaçada. + + +Os comandos devem ser emitidos apartir de um prompt de comando dentro de um Terminal e será mostrado como um comando para digitar. + + +A linha de comandos do Linux é sensível a maiúsculo e minúsculo. Usuário, usuario, e USUÁRIO são todos diferentes e distintos no Linux. + + + + + + +Iniciando um Terminal +O terminal do Kubuntu é chamado de Konsole, e ele é executado indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicaçõesSistemaTerminal (Konsole). + + +Terminal do <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +Comandos de arquivos e diretórios + +pwd - imprime o diretório de trabalho +O comando pwd mostra o diretório atual em que o usuário está localizado (pwd significa imprimir diretório de trabalho ). Por exemplo, digitando pwd enquanto você estiver no diretório Desktop, o resultado mostrará /home/[nomedousuário]/Desktop. +Konsole também mostra essa informação em ambas as guias e barra de titulo da sua janela. + + + +cd - altera o diretório +O comando cd muda diretórios (cd representa mudar diretório). Quando uma janela de terminal é aberta, ela estará localizada no diretório home do usuário. Mover-se pelos diretórios do sistema requer o uso do cd. + + +Para navegar para o diretório raiz, digite: cd / + + +Para navegar até o home do usuário atual, digite: cd ou cd ~ + +O caractere ~ representa o diretório home do usuário atual. Conforme mostrado abaixo, cd ~ é equivalente a cd /home/username/. Entretanto, quando executando um comando como root (usando sudo, por exemplo), ~ aponta para /root. Quando executando um comando cd com o sudo, o caminho completo para o diretório home tem de ser dado. + + + +Para navegar em um diretório acima, digite: cd .. + + +Para navegar dois diretórios para cima, digite: cd ../../ + + +Para navegar para o diretório anterior (voltar), digite: cd - + + +Para navegar entre níveis múltiplos de diretórios, especifique o caminho completo da pasta. Por exemplo, digite: cd /var/log para ir diretamente ao subdiretório /log do diretório /var/. Em outro exemplo, digitando: cd ~/Desktop move para o subdiretório Desktop dentro da home do usuário atual. + + + + +ls - lista os arquivos +O comando ls mostra uma lista dos arquivos no diretório atual (ls é curto para a lista). Por exemplo, digitar ls ~ mostrará os arquivos na home do usuário atual. +Usado com a opção -l, ls mostra outras informações com o nome, como as permissões do arquivo, o dono do arquivo e mais. +Usado com as opções -al, ls mostra as informações associadas com a opção -l e também mostra os arquivos ocultos (opção a). + + +touch - cria um arquivo vazio +O comando touch é usado tanto para mudar o acesso ao arquivo e suas marcas de tempo ou para criar um novo arquivo vazio. Por exemplo, touch foo criará um novo arquivo vazio chamado foo. Se foo já é um arquivo, então usar o comando touch atualizará as marcas de tempo no arquivo que mostrarão a última vez que o arquivo foi touched. + + +mkdir - cria um diretório +O comando mkdir é usado para criar uma nova pasta (mkdir significa make directory). Para criar uma nova pasta chamada foobar, digite: mkdir foobar + + +cp - copia arquivos ou diretórios +O comando cp cria uma copia de um arquivo ou pasta (cp é um nome curto para copiar). Para fazer uma cópia exata de foo e nomeá-la como bar, digite: cp foo bar. Para fazer uma cópia exata da pasta foo_dir e nomeá-la como bar_dir, digite: cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + +mv - move arquivos ou diretórios +O comando mv move um arquivo ou pasta para uma localização diferente ou renomeia um arquivo ou pasta (mv é um nome curto para mover). Para renomear o arquivo foo para bar, digite: mv foo bar. Para mover o arquivo foo na home do usuário atual para a pasta Desktop, digite: mv foo ~/Desktop. Isso não renomeiará foo para Desktop porque foo é um arquivo e Desktop é uma pasta. + + +rm - remove arquivos ou diretórios +O comando rm é usado para excluir arquivos e pastas (rm é um nome curto para remover). Para excluir o arquivo foo na pasta atual, digite: rm foo +Por padrão, rm não removerá pastas. Para fazer isso, você deve usar a opção -r (também pode ser digitada como -R ou --recursive). Por exemplo, rm -r foobar ou rm -R foobar ou rm --recursive foobar removerá a pasta foobar, e todo o seu conteúdo! + + + + + + +Comandos de informação do sistema + +df - exibe a quantidade de espaço em disco +O comando df mostra o uso do disco pelo sistema de arquivos para todas as partições (df representa disk free). df -h dará informações em megabytes (M) e gigabytes (G) em vez de blocos (-h significa legível por humanos). + + +free - exibe a quantidade de memória livre e usada +O comando free mostra a quantidade de memória livre e usada no sistema. free -m mostrará informações em megabytes, o que provavelmente é o mais útil para os computadores atuais. + + +top - exibe os processos que mais consomem recursos +O comando top mostra informações sobre o sistema Linux - processos que estão executando, recursos do sistema como CPU, RAM & uso da swap, e o número total de tarefas que estão sendo feitas. Para sair do top, pressione q. + + +uname - imprime detalhes sobre a máquina atual +O comando uname com a opção -a mostra todas as informações do sistema, incluindo nome da máquina, nome do kernel ; versuname nome unix). + + +lsb_release - mostra detalhes sobre a versão do Linux atual +O lsb_release com a opção -a imprime as informações da versão da distribuição Linux em uso. Por exemplo, digitar: lsb_release -a mostrará: No LSB modules are available. +ID do Distribuidor: Ubuntu +Descrição: Ubuntu 10.04 +Versão: 10.04 +Nome: lucid + + + + + + +Executando comandos com privilégios elevados +Os seguintes comandos tem de ser acompanhados do comando sudo. Por favor veja RootSudo para ver informações sobre o uso do sudo (sudo é um nome curto para superuser do). + +Adcionando um novo grupo +O comado addgroup é usado para criar um novo grupo no sistema. Para criar um novo grupo, digite: sudo addgroup foobar O comando criará um novo grupo chamado foobar. + + +Adicionando um novo usuário +O comado adduser é usado para criar um novo usuário no sistema. Para criar um novo usuário, digite: adduser foobar, que criará um novo usuário chamado foobar. + + +Adicionar ou mudar uma senha de usuário +O comando passwd é usado para atribuir uma nova senha à um novo usuário ou para mudar a senha atual para um usuário existente. Para adicionar uma senha ou mudá-la para o usuário foobar, digite: passwd foobar Para novos usuários, isto irá mostrar uma pergunta para digitar a nova senha. Para um usuário existente, será perguntado primeiro pela senha atual antes de permitir a digitação da nova senha. + + +Atribuir usuário a grupo +Para colocar o usuário foobar no grupo barfoo, digite: adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + +Opções +O comportamento padrão para um comando pode normalmente ser modificado colocando-se --option depois dele. Por exemplo, o comando ls tem uma opção -s. O comando ls -s irá incluir tamanhos dos arquivos à listagem. Há também uma opção -h para exibir tamanhos dos arquivos em um formato legível por humanos. +Opções podem ser agrupadas, assim, ls -sh é o mesmo que usar o comando ls -s -h A maioria das opções tem uma versão longa, prefixada com dois traços em vez de um, assim ls --size --human-readable faz o mesmo que o comando ls -sh + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> e obtendo ajuda +command --help e mancommand são as duas mais importantes ferramentas na linha de comando. +Virtualmente todos os comandos entendem a opção -h (ou --help) que irá produzir uma pequena descrição de ajuda do comando e suas opções, e então sair para o prompt da linha de comando. Digite: man -h ou man --help para ver isso funcionando. +Cada comando e quase toda aplicação no Linux tem uma página man (manual). É só digitar man comando para ver uma longa entrada de manual para o comando especificado. Por exemplo: man mv traz o manual de mv. +Mova o arquivo de manual para cima e para baixo usando as setas do teclado, e volte para a linha de comando com q. +man man traz a entrada de manual do comando man, que é um bom lugar para começar. +man intro é especialmente útil. Ele mostra a introdução aos comandos do usuário que é uma bem escrita breve introdução à linha de comandos do Linux. +Também há as páginas info, que geralmente contém mais detalhes que as páginas do man. Tente: info info para as introdução às páginas de info. + +Procurando por arquivos de man +Se você não tem certeza sobre qual aplicação você tem de usar, você pode procurar nos arquivos man. +Para procurar nos arquivos de man pelo comando konsole, tente: man -k konsole + +Isso é o mesmo do que o comando apropos. + +Para procurar somente os títulos dos arquivos do man do seu sistema, experimente: man -f kde + +Isso é o mesmo que o comando whatis. + + + + + + +Cortando e colando +Existem algumas situações que requerem que texto seja colado no terminal. +Texto copiado de uma página web usando CtrlC não será colado com CtrlV como acontece em outras aplicações porque o terminal utiliza uma combinação diferente para colar, ShiftInsert. Colar pode também ser feito usando o mouse right-clicking no terminal e selecionando Colar no menu. +Um texto pode também ser copiado selecionando-se o texto a ser copiado. Clicando o botão do meio do mouse (ou ambos simultaneamente em um mouse de dois botões) no terminal cola o texto selecionado. + +Estas ações pode funcionar de modo diferente em outros emuladores de terminal que não sejam o Konsole. Consulte a documentação do seu emulador de terminal para maiores detalhes. + + + + + +Dicas +Salvar durante a digitação + +Seta para cima ou Ctrlp + +Rola regressivamente através dos comandos digitados previamente + + + +Seta para baixo or Ctrln + +Rola progressivamente através dos comandos anteriores + + + + +Enter + + +Executa o comando selecionado + + + + +Aba + + +Tab é uma funcionalidade útil. Ele autocompleta quaisquer comandos ou nomes de arquivos se houver opção, caso contrário mostra uma lista de opções que se encaixam na informação digitada. Usando tab deste modo reduz erros de digitação. + + + + +Mudar o texto + +O mouse não funcionará para posicionar o cursor em uma linha de comando. Use a tecla seta esquerda ou seta direita para mover na linha. + + +Digitando onde o cursor está insere texto. Isso não sobrescreve o que já estava lá. + + +Ctrla ou Home + +Move o cursor para o início da linha + + + +Ctrle ou End + +Move o cursor para o fim da linha + + + + +Ctrlk + + +Apaga da posição corrente do cursor até o fim da linha + + + + +Ctrlu + + +Apagar a linha atual inteira + + + + +Ctrlw + + +Apagar a palavra antes do cursor + + + + + + + +Mais informações +Os seguintes guias on-line estão disponíveis: + + +AptGetHowto - usando apt-get para instalar pacotes na linha de comando. + + +Editando Repositórios pela Linha de Comando - gerenciando repositórios de software através da linha de comando. + + +grep Howto - grep é uma poderosa ferramenta de busca em linha de comando. + + +find - localiza arquivos a partir da linha de comando. + + +Commandline Howto - mais longo e completo do que este guia básico, entretanto ainda não está finalizado. + + +Howto Readline - informações sobre personalizações mais avançadas da linha de comando. + + +Para tutoriais mais detalhados sobre a linha de comando no Linux, por favor veja: + + + - um índice de A a Z da linha de comando Bash para Linux. + + + - Tutoriais básicos de BASH, incluindo a criação de scripts em BASH. + + + - Java-based tutorials. + + + - um grande livro on-line sobre administração de sistema, quase completamente a partir da linha de comando. + + + - um lugar para guardar trechos de linha, bem como visualizar trechos de outras pessoas. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/ru/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/ru/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/ru/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/ru/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1099 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introduction To The Command Line +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief description of the Linux command line. It is not +a complete guide to the command line, but rather an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +Introduction + + + +"Under Linux there are GUIs (graphical user interfaces), where you can point and +click and drag, and hopefully get work done without first reading lots of +documentation. The traditional Unix environment is a CLI (command line +interface), where you type commands to tell the computer what to do. That is +faster and more powerful, but requires finding out what the commands are." -- +from man intro(1) + + + +This guide describes some basic GNU/Linux shell commands. It is not intended to +be a complete guide to the command line, just an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +All command names, file names or paths to directories will be shown using a monospace font. + + + + +The commands should be issued from a command prompt within a +Terminal and will be shown as: +command to type + + + + +Command Line Linux is case sensitive. User, +user, and USER are each different and distinct in Linux. + + + + + + + +Starting A Terminal + +Kubuntu's Terminal application is called +Konsole, and is opened by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>'s terminal - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +File and Directory Commands + +pwd - print working directory + +The pwd command displays the directory where the user is +currently +located (pwd stands for print working +directory). For example, typing +pwd while in the Desktop will show +/home/[username]/Desktop. + + +Konsole also displays this information in both the +tab and title bar of its window. + + + + + +cd - change directory + +The cd command changes directories (cd +stands for +change directory). When a terminal window is opened, it will be +located in the user's home directory. Moving around the file system requires the +use of cd. + + + + +To navigate into the root directory, type: +cd / + + + + +To navigate to the current user's home directory, type: +cd +or +cd ~ + + + +The ~ character represents the current user's home directory. +As shown above, cd ~ is equivalent to cd +/home/username/. However, when running a command as root (using +sudo, for example), ~ points to /root. When running a cd command +with sudo, the full path to the home directory must be given. + + + + + +To navigate up one directory level, type: +cd .. + + + + +To navigate up two directory levels, type: +cd ../../ + + + + +To navigate to the previous directory (go back), type: +cd - + + + + +To navigate through multiple levels of directories at once, specify the full +directory path. For example, type: +cd /var/log +to go directly to the /log subdirectory +of /var/. For another example, typing: +cd ~/Desktop +moves to the Desktop subdirectory inside the current user's home +directory. + + + + + +ls - list files + +The ls command outputs a list of the files in the current +directory (ls is short for list). For example, +typing +ls ~ +will display the files that are in the current +user's home directory. + + +Used with the -l option, ls outputs other +information along with the filename, such as the permissions on the file, the +file's owner, and more. + + +Used with the -al options, ls outputs +the information associated with the -l option in addition to +showing hidden files (a +option). + + + +touch - create empty file + +The touch command is used either to change a file's access +and modification timestamps or to create a new empty file. For example, +touch foo +will create a new empty file named foo. If +foo is already a file, then using touch +will update the timestamps on the file which will show +the last time a file was touched. + + + +mkdir - make directory + +The mkdir command is used to create a new directory (mkdir stands for make directory). To create a +new directory named foobar, type: +mkdir foobar + + + +cp - copy files or directories + +The cp command makes a copy of a file or directory +(cp is short for copy). To make an exact copy +of foo and name it bar, type: +cp foo bar +To make an exact copy of the foo_dir +directory and name it bar_dir, type: +cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + + +mv - move files or directories + +The mv command moves a file or directory to a different +location or will rename a file or directory (mv is short for +move). To rename the file foo to +bar, type: +mv foo bar +To move the file foo into the current user's Desktop directory, type: +mv foo ~/Desktop +This will not rename foo to Desktop +because foo is a file and Desktop is a directory. + + + +rm - remove files or directories + +The rm command is used to delete files and directories (rm is short for remove). To delete the file +foo for the current directory, type: +rm foo + + +By default, rm will not remove directories. To remove a +directory, you must use the -r option (also can be entered +as either -R or --recursive). For example, +rm -r foobar or +rm -R foobar or +rm --recursive foobar +will remove the directory foobar, + and all of its contents! + + + + + + + +System Information Commands + +df - display amount of disk space + +The df command displays filesystem disk space usage for all +partitions (df stands for disk free). +df -h +will give information using megabytes +(M) and gigabytes (G) instead of blocks +(-h means human readable). + + + +free - display amount of free and used memory + +The free command displays the amount of free and used memory +in the system. +free -m +will give the information using megabytes, which is probably the most useful for +current computers. + + + +top - display top consuming processes + +The top command displays information on the Linux system - +processes that are running, system resources including CPU, +RAM & swap usage, and the total number of tasks being +run. To +exit top, press q. + + + +uname - print details about the current machine + +The uname command with the -a options +displays all system information, including machine name, kernel name & +version, and other details. This command is useful for checking which kernel is +in use (uname is short for unix name). + + + +lsb_release - print details about current Linux release + +The lsb_release with the -a option prints +version information for the Linux release in use. For example, typing: +lsb_release -a will display: +No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + + +Executing Commands with Elevated Privileges + +The following commands must be prefaced with the +sudo command. Please see RootSudo for +information on using sudo (sudo is short for +superuser do). + + +Adding a New Group + +The addgroup command is used to create a new group in the +system. To create a new group, type: +sudo addgroup foobar +The above command will create a new group called foobar. + + + +Adding a New User + +The adduser command is used to create a new user on the +system. To create a new user, type: +adduser foobar +which will create a new user called foobar. + + + +Add or Change a User Password + +The passwd command is used to assign a new password to a +new user or to change the current password for an existing user. To add a +password or change the password for the user foobar, +type: +passwd foobar +For new users, this will generate a prompt to enter the new password. For +an +existing user, there will be a prompt for the existing password before the +prompt for a new password. + + + +Assign User to Group + +To assign the user foobar to the group +barfoo, type: +adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + + +Options + +The default behavior for a command may usually be modified by adding --option to the command. For example, the ls command has an +-s option. The ls -s will include file +sizes in the listing. There is also a -h option to display +file sizes in a human readable format. + + +Options can be grouped in clusters, so +ls -sh +is the same command as + ls -s -h +Most options have a long version, prefixed with two dashes instead of one, so +ls --size --human-readable +is also the same command as +ls -sh + + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> and Getting Help + +command --help and +man command are the two most important +tools at the command line. + + +Virtually all commands understand the -h (or +--help) option which will produce a short usage description +of the command and its options, then exit back to the command prompt. Type: +man -h +or +man --help +to see this in action. + + +Every command and nearly every application in Linux has a +man (manual) file. It is as simple as typing man +command to bring up a longer manual entry for the specified command. +For example: +man mv +brings up the mv manual. + + +Move up and down the man file with the arrow keys, and quit back to the command +prompt with q. + + +man man +brings up the manual entry for the man command, which is a +good place to start. + + +man intro +is especially useful. It displays the introduction to user +commands which is a well-written, brief introduction to the Linux +command line. + + +There are also info pages, which generally go into more +detail than man pages. Try: +info info +for the introduction to info pages. + + +Searching for man files + +If you aren't sure which command or application you need to use, you can search +the man files. + + +To search the man files for konsole, try: +man -k konsole + + + +This is the same as the apropos command. + + + +To search only the titles of your system's man files, try: +man -f kde + + + +This is the same as the whatis command. + + + + + + + +Cutting and Pasting + +There are often situations that require text to be pasted into the terminal. + + +Text copied from a web page using +CtrlC won't paste with +CtrlV as it does in +other applications because the +terminal uses a different combination for paste, +ShiftInsert. Pasting can +also be done using the mouse by right-clicking in +the terminal and selecting Paste from the menu. + + +Text can also be copied by selecting (highlighting) the text to be copied. +Clicking the middle button on the mouse (or both +buttons simultaneously on a two-button mouse) in the terminal pastes the +selected text. + + + +These actions may work differently in other terminal emulators than Konsole. +Consult your terminal emulator's documentation for details. + + + + + + +Tips +Save on Typing + + +Up Arrow or +Ctrlp + + + +Scrolls backwards through the commands entered previously + + + + + +Down Arrow or +Ctrln + + + +Scrolls forward through previous commands + + + + + +Enter + + + +Executes the command selected + + + + + +Tab + + + +Tab is a useful feature. It autocompletes any commands or filenames if there is +one option, otherwise it displays a list of options that fit the information +entered. Using tab in this way reduces typing errors. + + + + + +Change the Text + + +The mouse won't work to position the cursor in a command line entry. Use the +Left Arrow or the Right Arrow keys to move +within the line. + + + + +Typing at the cursor inserts text there. It doesn't +overwrite what is already there. + + + + +Ctrla or +Home + + + +Moves the cursor to the start of the line + + + + + +Ctrle or +End + + + +Moves the cursor to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlk + + + +Deletes from the current cursor position to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlu + + + +Deletes the entire current line + + + + + +Ctrlw + + + +Deletes the word before the cursor + + + + + + + + +More Information + +The following online guides are available: + + + + +AptGetHowto - +using apt-get to install packages from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Repository Editing - managing software repositories through the command +line. + + + + +grep +Howto - grep is a powerful command line search tool. + + + + +find - +locate files from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Howto - longer and more complete than this basic guide; still not +finished however. + + + + +Howto +Readline - information on more advanced customization for the +command line. + + + + +For more detailed tutorials on the Linux command line, please see: + + + + + - an A-Z index of the Bash command line for +Linux. + + + + + - basic BASH +tutorials, including BASH scripting. + + + + + - Java-based tutorials. + + + + + - a massive online book +about system administration, almost all from the command line. + + + + + - a place to record command-line +gems and view other's gems as well. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/sk/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/sk/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/sk/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/sk/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1099 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introduction To The Command Line +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief description of the Linux command line. It is not +a complete guide to the command line, but rather an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +Introduction + + + +"Under Linux there are GUIs (graphical user interfaces), where you can point and +click and drag, and hopefully get work done without first reading lots of +documentation. The traditional Unix environment is a CLI (command line +interface), where you type commands to tell the computer what to do. That is +faster and more powerful, but requires finding out what the commands are." -- +from man intro(1) + + + +This guide describes some basic GNU/Linux shell commands. It is not intended to +be a complete guide to the command line, just an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +All command names, file names or paths to directories will be shown using a monospace font. + + + + +The commands should be issued from a command prompt within a +Terminal and will be shown as: +command to type + + + + +Command Line Linux is case sensitive. User, +user, and USER are each different and distinct in Linux. + + + + + + + +Starting A Terminal + +Kubuntu's Terminal application is called +Konsole, and is opened by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>'s terminal - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +File and Directory Commands + +pwd - print working directory + +The pwd command displays the directory where the user is +currently +located (pwd stands for print working +directory). For example, typing +pwd while in the Desktop will show +/home/[username]/Desktop. + + +Konsole also displays this information in both the +tab and title bar of its window. + + + + + +cd - change directory + +The cd command changes directories (cd +stands for +change directory). When a terminal window is opened, it will be +located in the user's home directory. Moving around the file system requires the +use of cd. + + + + +To navigate into the root directory, type: +cd / + + + + +To navigate to the current user's home directory, type: +cd +or +cd ~ + + + +The ~ character represents the current user's home directory. +As shown above, cd ~ is equivalent to cd +/home/username/. However, when running a command as root (using +sudo, for example), ~ points to /root. When running a cd command +with sudo, the full path to the home directory must be given. + + + + + +To navigate up one directory level, type: +cd .. + + + + +To navigate up two directory levels, type: +cd ../../ + + + + +To navigate to the previous directory (go back), type: +cd - + + + + +To navigate through multiple levels of directories at once, specify the full +directory path. For example, type: +cd /var/log +to go directly to the /log subdirectory +of /var/. For another example, typing: +cd ~/Desktop +moves to the Desktop subdirectory inside the current user's home +directory. + + + + + +ls - list files + +The ls command outputs a list of the files in the current +directory (ls is short for list). For example, +typing +ls ~ +will display the files that are in the current +user's home directory. + + +Used with the -l option, ls outputs other +information along with the filename, such as the permissions on the file, the +file's owner, and more. + + +Used with the -al options, ls outputs +the information associated with the -l option in addition to +showing hidden files (a +option). + + + +touch - create empty file + +The touch command is used either to change a file's access +and modification timestamps or to create a new empty file. For example, +touch foo +will create a new empty file named foo. If +foo is already a file, then using touch +will update the timestamps on the file which will show +the last time a file was touched. + + + +mkdir - make directory + +The mkdir command is used to create a new directory (mkdir stands for make directory). To create a +new directory named foobar, type: +mkdir foobar + + + +cp - copy files or directories + +The cp command makes a copy of a file or directory +(cp is short for copy). To make an exact copy +of foo and name it bar, type: +cp foo bar +To make an exact copy of the foo_dir +directory and name it bar_dir, type: +cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + + +mv - move files or directories + +The mv command moves a file or directory to a different +location or will rename a file or directory (mv is short for +move). To rename the file foo to +bar, type: +mv foo bar +To move the file foo into the current user's Desktop directory, type: +mv foo ~/Desktop +This will not rename foo to Desktop +because foo is a file and Desktop is a directory. + + + +rm - remove files or directories + +The rm command is used to delete files and directories (rm is short for remove). To delete the file +foo for the current directory, type: +rm foo + + +By default, rm will not remove directories. To remove a +directory, you must use the -r option (also can be entered +as either -R or --recursive). For example, +rm -r foobar or +rm -R foobar or +rm --recursive foobar +will remove the directory foobar, + and all of its contents! + + + + + + + +System Information Commands + +df - display amount of disk space + +The df command displays filesystem disk space usage for all +partitions (df stands for disk free). +df -h +will give information using megabytes +(M) and gigabytes (G) instead of blocks +(-h means human readable). + + + +free - display amount of free and used memory + +The free command displays the amount of free and used memory +in the system. +free -m +will give the information using megabytes, which is probably the most useful for +current computers. + + + +top - display top consuming processes + +The top command displays information on the Linux system - +processes that are running, system resources including CPU, +RAM & swap usage, and the total number of tasks being +run. To +exit top, press q. + + + +uname - print details about the current machine + +The uname command with the -a options +displays all system information, including machine name, kernel name & +version, and other details. This command is useful for checking which kernel is +in use (uname is short for unix name). + + + +lsb_release - print details about current Linux release + +The lsb_release with the -a option prints +version information for the Linux release in use. For example, typing: +lsb_release -a will display: +No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + + +Executing Commands with Elevated Privileges + +The following commands must be prefaced with the +sudo command. Please see RootSudo for +information on using sudo (sudo is short for +superuser do). + + +Adding a New Group + +The addgroup command is used to create a new group in the +system. To create a new group, type: +sudo addgroup foobar +The above command will create a new group called foobar. + + + +Adding a New User + +The adduser command is used to create a new user on the +system. To create a new user, type: +adduser foobar +which will create a new user called foobar. + + + +Add or Change a User Password + +The passwd command is used to assign a new password to a +new user or to change the current password for an existing user. To add a +password or change the password for the user foobar, +type: +passwd foobar +For new users, this will generate a prompt to enter the new password. For +an +existing user, there will be a prompt for the existing password before the +prompt for a new password. + + + +Assign User to Group + +To assign the user foobar to the group +barfoo, type: +adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + + +Options + +The default behavior for a command may usually be modified by adding --option to the command. For example, the ls command has an +-s option. The ls -s will include file +sizes in the listing. There is also a -h option to display +file sizes in a human readable format. + + +Options can be grouped in clusters, so +ls -sh +is the same command as + ls -s -h +Most options have a long version, prefixed with two dashes instead of one, so +ls --size --human-readable +is also the same command as +ls -sh + + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> and Getting Help + +command --help and +man command are the two most important +tools at the command line. + + +Virtually all commands understand the -h (or +--help) option which will produce a short usage description +of the command and its options, then exit back to the command prompt. Type: +man -h +or +man --help +to see this in action. + + +Every command and nearly every application in Linux has a +man (manual) file. It is as simple as typing man +command to bring up a longer manual entry for the specified command. +For example: +man mv +brings up the mv manual. + + +Move up and down the man file with the arrow keys, and quit back to the command +prompt with q. + + +man man +brings up the manual entry for the man command, which is a +good place to start. + + +man intro +is especially useful. It displays the introduction to user +commands which is a well-written, brief introduction to the Linux +command line. + + +There are also info pages, which generally go into more +detail than man pages. Try: +info info +for the introduction to info pages. + + +Searching for man files + +If you aren't sure which command or application you need to use, you can search +the man files. + + +To search the man files for konsole, try: +man -k konsole + + + +This is the same as the apropos command. + + + +To search only the titles of your system's man files, try: +man -f kde + + + +This is the same as the whatis command. + + + + + + + +Cutting and Pasting + +There are often situations that require text to be pasted into the terminal. + + +Text copied from a web page using +CtrlC won't paste with +CtrlV as it does in +other applications because the +terminal uses a different combination for paste, +ShiftInsert. Pasting can +also be done using the mouse by right-clicking in +the terminal and selecting Paste from the menu. + + +Text can also be copied by selecting (highlighting) the text to be copied. +Clicking the middle button on the mouse (or both +buttons simultaneously on a two-button mouse) in the terminal pastes the +selected text. + + + +These actions may work differently in other terminal emulators than Konsole. +Consult your terminal emulator's documentation for details. + + + + + + +Tips +Save on Typing + + +Up Arrow or +Ctrlp + + + +Scrolls backwards through the commands entered previously + + + + + +Down Arrow or +Ctrln + + + +Scrolls forward through previous commands + + + + + +Enter + + + +Executes the command selected + + + + + +Tab + + + +Tab is a useful feature. It autocompletes any commands or filenames if there is +one option, otherwise it displays a list of options that fit the information +entered. Using tab in this way reduces typing errors. + + + + + +Change the Text + + +The mouse won't work to position the cursor in a command line entry. Use the +Left Arrow or the Right Arrow keys to move +within the line. + + + + +Typing at the cursor inserts text there. It doesn't +overwrite what is already there. + + + + +Ctrla or +Home + + + +Moves the cursor to the start of the line + + + + + +Ctrle or +End + + + +Moves the cursor to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlk + + + +Deletes from the current cursor position to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlu + + + +Deletes the entire current line + + + + + +Ctrlw + + + +Deletes the word before the cursor + + + + + + + + +More Information + +The following online guides are available: + + + + +AptGetHowto - +using apt-get to install packages from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Repository Editing - managing software repositories through the command +line. + + + + +grep +Howto - grep is a powerful command line search tool. + + + + +find - +locate files from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Howto - longer and more complete than this basic guide; still not +finished however. + + + + +Howto +Readline - information on more advanced customization for the +command line. + + + + +For more detailed tutorials on the Linux command line, please see: + + + + + - an A-Z index of the Bash command line for +Linux. + + + + + - basic BASH +tutorials, including BASH scripting. + + + + + - Java-based tutorials. + + + + + - a massive online book +about system administration, almost all from the command line. + + + + + - a place to record command-line +gems and view other's gems as well. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/sr/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/sr/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/sr/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/sr/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1099 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introduction To The Command Line +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief description of the Linux command line. It is not +a complete guide to the command line, but rather an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +Introduction + + + +"Under Linux there are GUIs (graphical user interfaces), where you can point and +click and drag, and hopefully get work done without first reading lots of +documentation. The traditional Unix environment is a CLI (command line +interface), where you type commands to tell the computer what to do. That is +faster and more powerful, but requires finding out what the commands are." -- +from man intro(1) + + + +This guide describes some basic GNU/Linux shell commands. It is not intended to +be a complete guide to the command line, just an introduction to complement +Kubuntu's graphical tools. + + + + + +All command names, file names or paths to directories will be shown using a monospace font. + + + + +The commands should be issued from a command prompt within a +Terminal and will be shown as: +command to type + + + + +Command Line Linux is case sensitive. User, +user, and USER are each different and distinct in Linux. + + + + + + + +Starting A Terminal + +Kubuntu's Terminal application is called +Konsole, and is opened by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>'s terminal - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +File and Directory Commands + +pwd - print working directory + +The pwd command displays the directory where the user is +currently +located (pwd stands for print working +directory). For example, typing +pwd while in the Desktop will show +/home/[username]/Desktop. + + +Konsole also displays this information in both the +tab and title bar of its window. + + + + + +cd - change directory + +The cd command changes directories (cd +stands for +change directory). When a terminal window is opened, it will be +located in the user's home directory. Moving around the file system requires the +use of cd. + + + + +To navigate into the root directory, type: +cd / + + + + +To navigate to the current user's home directory, type: +cd +or +cd ~ + + + +The ~ character represents the current user's home directory. +As shown above, cd ~ is equivalent to cd +/home/username/. However, when running a command as root (using +sudo, for example), ~ points to /root. When running a cd command +with sudo, the full path to the home directory must be given. + + + + + +To navigate up one directory level, type: +cd .. + + + + +To navigate up two directory levels, type: +cd ../../ + + + + +To navigate to the previous directory (go back), type: +cd - + + + + +To navigate through multiple levels of directories at once, specify the full +directory path. For example, type: +cd /var/log +to go directly to the /log subdirectory +of /var/. For another example, typing: +cd ~/Desktop +moves to the Desktop subdirectory inside the current user's home +directory. + + + + + +ls - list files + +The ls command outputs a list of the files in the current +directory (ls is short for list). For example, +typing +ls ~ +will display the files that are in the current +user's home directory. + + +Used with the -l option, ls outputs other +information along with the filename, such as the permissions on the file, the +file's owner, and more. + + +Used with the -al options, ls outputs +the information associated with the -l option in addition to +showing hidden files (a +option). + + + +touch - create empty file + +The touch command is used either to change a file's access +and modification timestamps or to create a new empty file. For example, +touch foo +will create a new empty file named foo. If +foo is already a file, then using touch +will update the timestamps on the file which will show +the last time a file was touched. + + + +mkdir - make directory + +The mkdir command is used to create a new directory (mkdir stands for make directory). To create a +new directory named foobar, type: +mkdir foobar + + + +cp - copy files or directories + +The cp command makes a copy of a file or directory +(cp is short for copy). To make an exact copy +of foo and name it bar, type: +cp foo bar +To make an exact copy of the foo_dir +directory and name it bar_dir, type: +cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + + +mv - move files or directories + +The mv command moves a file or directory to a different +location or will rename a file or directory (mv is short for +move). To rename the file foo to +bar, type: +mv foo bar +To move the file foo into the current user's Desktop directory, type: +mv foo ~/Desktop +This will not rename foo to Desktop +because foo is a file and Desktop is a directory. + + + +rm - remove files or directories + +The rm command is used to delete files and directories (rm is short for remove). To delete the file +foo for the current directory, type: +rm foo + + +By default, rm will not remove directories. To remove a +directory, you must use the -r option (also can be entered +as either -R or --recursive). For example, +rm -r foobar or +rm -R foobar or +rm --recursive foobar +will remove the directory foobar, + and all of its contents! + + + + + + + +System Information Commands + +df - display amount of disk space + +The df command displays filesystem disk space usage for all +partitions (df stands for disk free). +df -h +will give information using megabytes +(M) and gigabytes (G) instead of blocks +(-h means human readable). + + + +free - display amount of free and used memory + +The free command displays the amount of free and used memory +in the system. +free -m +will give the information using megabytes, which is probably the most useful for +current computers. + + + +top - display top consuming processes + +The top command displays information on the Linux system - +processes that are running, system resources including CPU, +RAM & swap usage, and the total number of tasks being +run. To +exit top, press q. + + + +uname - print details about the current machine + +The uname command with the -a options +displays all system information, including machine name, kernel name & +version, and other details. This command is useful for checking which kernel is +in use (uname is short for unix name). + + + +lsb_release - print details about current Linux release + +The lsb_release with the -a option prints +version information for the Linux release in use. For example, typing: +lsb_release -a will display: +No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + + +Executing Commands with Elevated Privileges + +The following commands must be prefaced with the +sudo command. Please see RootSudo for +information on using sudo (sudo is short for +superuser do). + + +Adding a New Group + +The addgroup command is used to create a new group in the +system. To create a new group, type: +sudo addgroup foobar +The above command will create a new group called foobar. + + + +Adding a New User + +The adduser command is used to create a new user on the +system. To create a new user, type: +adduser foobar +which will create a new user called foobar. + + + +Add or Change a User Password + +The passwd command is used to assign a new password to a +new user or to change the current password for an existing user. To add a +password or change the password for the user foobar, +type: +passwd foobar +For new users, this will generate a prompt to enter the new password. For +an +existing user, there will be a prompt for the existing password before the +prompt for a new password. + + + +Assign User to Group + +To assign the user foobar to the group +barfoo, type: +adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + + +Options + +The default behavior for a command may usually be modified by adding --option to the command. For example, the ls command has an +-s option. The ls -s will include file +sizes in the listing. There is also a -h option to display +file sizes in a human readable format. + + +Options can be grouped in clusters, so +ls -sh +is the same command as + ls -s -h +Most options have a long version, prefixed with two dashes instead of one, so +ls --size --human-readable +is also the same command as +ls -sh + + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> and Getting Help + +command --help and +man command are the two most important +tools at the command line. + + +Virtually all commands understand the -h (or +--help) option which will produce a short usage description +of the command and its options, then exit back to the command prompt. Type: +man -h +or +man --help +to see this in action. + + +Every command and nearly every application in Linux has a +man (manual) file. It is as simple as typing man +command to bring up a longer manual entry for the specified command. +For example: +man mv +brings up the mv manual. + + +Move up and down the man file with the arrow keys, and quit back to the command +prompt with q. + + +man man +brings up the manual entry for the man command, which is a +good place to start. + + +man intro +is especially useful. It displays the introduction to user +commands which is a well-written, brief introduction to the Linux +command line. + + +There are also info pages, which generally go into more +detail than man pages. Try: +info info +for the introduction to info pages. + + +Searching for man files + +If you aren't sure which command or application you need to use, you can search +the man files. + + +To search the man files for konsole, try: +man -k konsole + + + +This is the same as the apropos command. + + + +To search only the titles of your system's man files, try: +man -f kde + + + +This is the same as the whatis command. + + + + + + + +Cutting and Pasting + +There are often situations that require text to be pasted into the terminal. + + +Text copied from a web page using +CtrlC won't paste with +CtrlV as it does in +other applications because the +terminal uses a different combination for paste, +ShiftInsert. Pasting can +also be done using the mouse by right-clicking in +the terminal and selecting Paste from the menu. + + +Text can also be copied by selecting (highlighting) the text to be copied. +Clicking the middle button on the mouse (or both +buttons simultaneously on a two-button mouse) in the terminal pastes the +selected text. + + + +These actions may work differently in other terminal emulators than Konsole. +Consult your terminal emulator's documentation for details. + + + + + + +Tips +Save on Typing + + +Up Arrow or +Ctrlp + + + +Scrolls backwards through the commands entered previously + + + + + +Down Arrow or +Ctrln + + + +Scrolls forward through previous commands + + + + + +Enter + + + +Executes the command selected + + + + + +Tab + + + +Tab is a useful feature. It autocompletes any commands or filenames if there is +one option, otherwise it displays a list of options that fit the information +entered. Using tab in this way reduces typing errors. + + + + + +Change the Text + + +The mouse won't work to position the cursor in a command line entry. Use the +Left Arrow or the Right Arrow keys to move +within the line. + + + + +Typing at the cursor inserts text there. It doesn't +overwrite what is already there. + + + + +Ctrla or +Home + + + +Moves the cursor to the start of the line + + + + + +Ctrle or +End + + + +Moves the cursor to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlk + + + +Deletes from the current cursor position to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlu + + + +Deletes the entire current line + + + + + +Ctrlw + + + +Deletes the word before the cursor + + + + + + + + +More Information + +The following online guides are available: + + + + +AptGetHowto - +using apt-get to install packages from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Repository Editing - managing software repositories through the command +line. + + + + +grep +Howto - grep is a powerful command line search tool. + + + + +find - +locate files from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Howto - longer and more complete than this basic guide; still not +finished however. + + + + +Howto +Readline - information on more advanced customization for the +command line. + + + + +For more detailed tutorials on the Linux command line, please see: + + + + + - an A-Z index of the Bash command line for +Linux. + + + + + - basic BASH +tutorials, including BASH scripting. + + + + + - Java-based tutorials. + + + + + - a massive online book +about system administration, almost all from the command line. + + + + + - a place to record command-line +gems and view other's gems as well. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/sv/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/sv/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/sv/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/sv/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1021 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Introduktion till kommandoraden +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument tillhandahåller en kort beskrivning av Linux kommandorad. Det är inte en komplett guide till kommandoraden, utan snarare en introduktion för att komplettera Kubuntus grafiska verktyg. + + + + +Introduktion + + +"Under Linux finns det grafiska användargränssnitt där du kan peka, klicka och dra, och förhoppningsvis utföra arbete utan att först behöva läsa en massa dokumentation. Den traditionella Unix-miljön är kommandoraden (cli, command line interface), där du kan skriva in kommandon för att berätta för datorn vad som skall göras. Det är snabbare och effektivare, men kräver att man vet vad kommandona heter och gör." -- från man intro(1) + +Denna guide beskriver några grundläggande GNU/Linux skal kommandon. Den är inte tänkt att vara en komplett guide till kommandoraden, utan bara en introduktion för att komplettera de grafiska verktygen i Kubuntu. + + + +Alla kommandonamn, filnamn eller sökvägar till kataloger kommer att visas med ett typsnitt med fast breddsteg. + + +Kommandon bör utföras från en kommandoprompt i en Terminal och de kommer visas som: kommando att skriva + + +Terminalen i Linux är känslig för stora och små bokstäver. Användare, användare och ANVÄNDARE är alla olika i Linux. + + + + + + +Starta en terminal +Kubuntus terminalprogram heter Konsole och öppnas genom att gå till Kickoff programstartarenProgramSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + +<phrase>Kubuntus</phrase> terminal - Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +Kommandon för filer och kataloger + +pwd - visar aktuell katalog +Kommandot pwd visar katalogen som användaren för närvarande befinner sig i (pwd betyder print working directory). Till exempel, skriv pwd när du är i katalogen Skrivbord kommer visa /home/[username]/Skrivbord. +Konsole visar även denna information i både fliken och titelraden för fönstret. + + + +cd - ändra katalog +Kommandot cd skiftar katalog (cd står för change directory). När ett terminalfönster är öppet, kommer den att peka mot användarens hemkatalog. För att förflytta sig runt i filsystemet krävs det att man använder cd. + + +Skriv cd / för att navigera till rotkatalogen + + +För att navigera till den nuvarande användarens hemkatalog, skriv: cd eller cd ~ + + +The ~ character represents the current user's home directory. +As shown above, cd ~ is equivalent to cd +/home/username/. However, when running a command as root (using +sudo, for example), ~ points to /root. When running a cd command +with sudo, the full path to the home directory must be given. + + + + +Skriv cd .. för att navigera en katalognivå uppåt + + + +To navigate up two directory levels, type: +cd ../../ + + + + +To navigate to the previous directory (go back), type: +cd - + + + + +To navigate through multiple levels of directories at once, specify the full +directory path. For example, type: +cd /var/log +to go directly to the /log subdirectory +of /var/. For another example, typing: +cd ~/Desktop +moves to the Desktop subdirectory inside the current user's home +directory. + + + + + +ls - lista filer + +The ls command outputs a list of the files in the current +directory (ls is short for list). For example, +typing +ls ~ +will display the files that are in the current +user's home directory. + + +Used with the -l option, ls outputs other +information along with the filename, such as the permissions on the file, the +file's owner, and more. + + +Used with the -al options, ls outputs +the information associated with the -l option in addition to +showing hidden files (a +option). + + + +touch - skapa tom fil + +The touch command is used either to change a file's access +and modification timestamps or to create a new empty file. For example, +touch foo +will create a new empty file named foo. If +foo is already a file, then using touch +will update the timestamps on the file which will show +the last time a file was touched. + + + +mkdir - skapa katalog + +The mkdir command is used to create a new directory (mkdir stands for make directory). To create a +new directory named foobar, type: +mkdir foobar + + + +cp - kopiera filer eller kataloger + +The cp command makes a copy of a file or directory +(cp is short for copy). To make an exact copy +of foo and name it bar, type: +cp foo bar +To make an exact copy of the foo_dir +directory and name it bar_dir, type: +cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + + +mv - flytta filer eller kataloger + +The mv command moves a file or directory to a different +location or will rename a file or directory (mv is short for +move). To rename the file foo to +bar, type: +mv foo bar +To move the file foo into the current user's Desktop directory, type: +mv foo ~/Desktop +This will not rename foo to Desktop +because foo is a file and Desktop is a directory. + + + +rm - byt namn på filer eller kataloger + +The rm command is used to delete files and directories (rm is short for remove). To delete the file +foo for the current directory, type: +rm foo + + +By default, rm will not remove directories. To remove a +directory, you must use the -r option (also can be entered +as either -R or --recursive). For example, +rm -r foobar or +rm -R foobar or +rm --recursive foobar +will remove the directory foobar, + and all of its contents! + + + + + + + +Kommandon för systeminformation + +df - display amount of disk space + +The df command displays filesystem disk space usage for all +partitions (df stands for disk free). +df -h +will give information using megabytes +(M) and gigabytes (G) instead of blocks +(-h means human readable). + + + +free - display amount of free and used memory + +The free command displays the amount of free and used memory +in the system. +free -m +will give the information using megabytes, which is probably the most useful for +current computers. + + + +top - display top consuming processes + +The top command displays information on the Linux system - +processes that are running, system resources including CPU, +RAM & swap usage, and the total number of tasks being +run. To +exit top, press q. + + + +uname - print details about the current machine + +The uname command with the -a options +displays all system information, including machine name, kernel name & +version, and other details. This command is useful for checking which kernel is +in use (uname is short for unix name). + + + +lsb_release - print details about current Linux release + +The lsb_release with the -a option prints +version information for the Linux release in use. For example, typing: +lsb_release -a will display: +No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + + +Kör kommandon med utökade privilegier + +The following commands must be prefaced with the +sudo command. Please see RootSudo for +information on using sudo (sudo is short for +superuser do). + + +Lägg till en ny grupp + +The addgroup command is used to create a new group in the +system. To create a new group, type: +sudo addgroup foobar +The above command will create a new group called foobar. + + + +Lägg till en ny användare + +The adduser command is used to create a new user on the +system. To create a new user, type: +adduser foobar +which will create a new user called foobar. + + + +Lägg till eller ändra lösenordet för en användare + +The passwd command is used to assign a new password to a +new user or to change the current password for an existing user. To add a +password or change the password for the user foobar, +type: +passwd foobar +For new users, this will generate a prompt to enter the new password. For +an +existing user, there will be a prompt for the existing password before the +prompt for a new password. + + + +Assign User to Group + +To assign the user foobar to the group +barfoo, type: +adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + + +Flaggor + +The default behavior for a command may usually be modified by adding --option to the command. For example, the ls command has an +-s option. The ls -s will include file +sizes in the listing. There is also a -h option to display +file sizes in a human readable format. + + +Options can be grouped in clusters, so +ls -sh +is the same command as + ls -s -h +Most options have a long version, prefixed with two dashes instead of one, so +ls --size --human-readable +is also the same command as +ls -sh + + + + + +<quote>Man</quote> and Getting Help + +command --help and +man command are the two most important +tools at the command line. + + +Virtually all commands understand the -h (or +--help) option which will produce a short usage description +of the command and its options, then exit back to the command prompt. Type: +man -h +or +man --help +to see this in action. + + +Every command and nearly every application in Linux has a +man (manual) file. It is as simple as typing man +command to bring up a longer manual entry for the specified command. +For example: +man mv +brings up the mv manual. + +Flytta upp och ned i manualfilen med piltangenterna och gå tillbaka till kommandoprompten med q. + +man man +brings up the manual entry for the man command, which is a +good place to start. + + +man intro +is especially useful. It displays the introduction to user +commands which is a well-written, brief introduction to the Linux +command line. + + +There are also info pages, which generally go into more +detail than man pages. Try: +info info +for the introduction to info pages. + + +Sökning efter manualsidor + +If you aren't sure which command or application you need to use, you can search +the man files. + + +To search the man files for konsole, try: +man -k konsole + + +Det här är samma som kommandot apropos. + + +To search only the titles of your system's man files, try: +man -f kde + + +Det här är samma som kommandot whatis. + + + + + + +Klipp ut och klistra in + +There are often situations that require text to be pasted into the terminal. + + +Text copied from a web page using +CtrlC won't paste with +CtrlV as it does in +other applications because the +terminal uses a different combination for paste, +ShiftInsert. Pasting can +also be done using the mouse by right-clicking in +the terminal and selecting Paste from the menu. + + +Text can also be copied by selecting (highlighting) the text to be copied. +Clicking the middle button on the mouse (or both +buttons simultaneously on a two-button mouse) in the terminal pastes the +selected text. + + + +These actions may work differently in other terminal emulators than Konsole. +Consult your terminal emulator's documentation for details. + + + + + + +Tips +Save on Typing + +Uppåtpil eller Ctrlp + + +Scrolls backwards through the commands entered previously + + + + +Nedåtpil eller Ctrln + + +Scrolls forward through previous commands + + + + + +Enter + + + +Executes the command selected + + + + + +Tabulator + + + +Tab is a useful feature. It autocompletes any commands or filenames if there is +one option, otherwise it displays a list of options that fit the information +entered. Using tab in this way reduces typing errors. + + + + + +Ändra texten + + +The mouse won't work to position the cursor in a command line entry. Use the +Left Arrow or the Right Arrow keys to move +within the line. + + + + +Typing at the cursor inserts text there. It doesn't +overwrite what is already there. + + + +Ctrla eller Home + + +Moves the cursor to the start of the line + + + + +Ctrle eller End + + +Moves the cursor to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlk + + + +Deletes from the current cursor position to the end of the line + + + + + +Ctrlu + + + +Deletes the entire current line + + + + + +Ctrlw + + + +Deletes the word before the cursor + + + + + + + + +Mer information +Följande guider finns tillgängliga: + + + +AptGetHowto - +using apt-get to install packages from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Repository Editing - managing software repositories through the command +line. + + + + +grep +Howto - grep is a powerful command line search tool. + + + + +find - +locate files from the command line. + + + + +Commandline +Howto - longer and more complete than this basic guide; still not +finished however. + + + + +Howto +Readline - information on more advanced customization for the +command line. + + + +Se följande webbplatser för mer detaljerade handledningar om Linuxkommandon: + + + + - an A-Z index of the Bash command line for +Linux. + + + + + - basic BASH +tutorials, including BASH scripting. + + + + + - Java-based tutorials. + + + + + - a massive online book +about system administration, almost all from the command line. + + + + + - a place to record command-line +gems and view other's gems as well. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/uk/cli.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/uk/cli.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/cli/uk/cli.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/cli/uk/cli.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,746 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Вступ до роботи у командному рядку +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено короткий опис прийомів роботи з командним рядком у Linux. Тут ви не знайдете повної довідки з команд та настанов з роботи, це швидше вступ до опису можливостей, якими ви можете скористатися поза межами графічних інструментів Kubuntu. + + + + +Вступ + + +«У Linux є графічні інтерфейси користувача (GUI), керування якими можна здійснювати вказівником миші, клацанням кнопками та перетягуванням. Ці інтерфейси, як сподіваються їх розробники, надають змогу виконати роботу без читання великих обсягів інформації. Водночас, традиційним середовищем роботи у Unix є інтерфейс командного рядка (CLI), у якому керування комп’ютером здійснюється за допомогою введення текстових команд. Цей інтерфейс є швидшим і потужнішим, але для користування ним слід оволодіти мистецтвом віддавати відповідні команди.» — взято з man intro(1) + +У цьому підручнику описано деякі базові команди командної оболонки GNU/Linux. Ми не мали наміру створити повну довідку з команд та настанов з роботи, це швидше вступ до опису можливостей, якими ви можете скористатися поза межами графічних інструментів Kubuntu. + + + +Всі назви команд, назви файлів або шляхи до каталогів буде показано моноширинним шрифтом. + + +Команди має бути віддано за допомогою командного рядка з термінала. Такі команди буде показано ось так: команда, яку слід ввести + + +Командний рядок Linux формується з врахуванням регістру символів. User, user і USER є різними записами командного рядка Linux. + + + + + + +Запуск термінала +Програма-емулятор термінала Kubuntu називається Konsole. Відкрити вікно цієї програми можна за допомогою пункту меню запуску команд KickoffПрограмиСистемаТермінал (Konsole). + + +Терміналом у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> є Konsole + + + + + + + + + + + +Команди роботи з файлами і каталогами + +pwd — print working directory (вивести назву поточного каталогу) +У відповідь на команду pwd система виводить назву каталогу, у якому працює користувач (pwd — це скорочення від «print working directory» («вивести робочий каталог»)). Наприклад, якщо ви віддасте команду pwd під час роботи у каталозі Desktop, буде показано /home/[username]/Desktop. +Крім того, Konsole показує ці дані на заголовку вкладки та заголовку вікна програми. + + + +cd — change directory (змінити каталог) +Команду cd призначено для зміни робочого каталогу (cd — скорочення від «change directory» («змінити каталог»)). Одразу після відкриття вікна емулятора термінала ви опинитеся у домашньому каталозі вашого користувача. Для пересування файловою системою вам доведеться скористатися командою cd. + + +Щоб перейти до кореневого каталогу, віддайте команду: cd / + + +Щоб перейти до домашнього каталогу поточного користувача, віддайте команду cd або cd ~ + +Символ ~ позначає домашній каталог поточного користувача. Як ми вже бачили на прикладі, команда cd ~ тотожна до cd /home/користувач/. Але якщо ви віддасте команду від імені адміністратора (користувача root) (наприклад, за допомогою sudo), ~ вказуватиме на каталог /root. У разі запуску команди cd з префіксом sudo слід вказувати повний шлях до домашнього каталогу. + + + +Щоб перейти на один рівень вгору ієрархією каталогів, віддайте команду: cd .. + + +Щоб перейти на два рівні вгору ієрархією каталогів, віддайте команду: cd ../../ + + +Щоб повернутися до попереднього каталогу, віддайте команду cd - + + +Для переходу через декілька рівнів ієрархії файлової системи вкажіть повний шлях до каталогу. Наприклад, віддайте команду cd /var/log, щоб перейти безпосередньо до підкаталогу /log з назвою /var/. Інший приклад: cd ~/Desktop змінить поточний робочий каталог на каталог Desktop у домашньому каталозі користувача. + + + + +ls — list files (показати список файлів) +За допомогою команди ls можна переглянути список файлів у поточному каталозі (ls — скорочення від «list» («показати список»)). Наприклад, за допомогою команди ls ~ можна переглянути список файлів у домашньому каталозі поточного користувача. +Якщо ви додасте до команди ls параметр -l, окрім назв файлів буде показано інші відомості, зокрема права доступу до файла, користувача-власника файла тощо. +Якщо ви додасте до команди ls параметр -al, буде показано дані, які було б показано і з параметром -al, але до списку буде додано всі приховані файли (параметр a). + + +touch — створити порожній файл +Команду touch призначено для зміни часових міток доступу та зміни файла або створення порожнього файла. Наприклад, команда touch foo створить порожній файл з назвою foo. Якщо у поточному робочому каталозі вже був файл foo, команда touch оновить часові мітки файла. + + +mkdir — make directory (створити каталог) +Команду mkdir призначено для створення кталогів (mkdir — скорочення від «make directory» («створити каталог»)). Щоб створити каталог з назвою foobar, віддайте команду mkdir foobar + + +cp - copy (копіювати файли або каталоги) +За допомогою команди cp можна створити копію файла або каталогу (cp — скорочення від «copy» («копіювати»)). Щоб створити точну копію файла foo з назвою bar, віддайте команду cp foo bar Щоб створити точну копію каталогу foo_dir з назвою bar_dir, віддайте команду cp -r foo_dir bar_dir + + +mv — move (пересунути файли або каталоги) +Команду mv призначено для пересування файла або каталогу у інше місце або перейменування файла або каталогу (mv — скорочення від «move» («пересунути»). Щоб перейменувати файл foo на bar, віддайте команду mv foo bar Щоб пересунути файл foo до каталогу Desktop домашнього каталогу поточного користувача, віддайте команду mv foo ~/Desktop Перейменування foo на Desktop не відбудеться, оскільки foo — файл, а Desktop — каталог. + + +rm — remove (вилучити файли або каталоги) +Командою rm користуються для вилучення файлів і каталогів (rm — скорочення від «remove» («вилучити»)). Щоб вилучити файл foo з поточного каталогу, віддайте команду rm foo +Типово, команда rm не вилучає каталогів. Щоб вилучити каталог, до команди слід додати параметр -r (його можна замінити на -R або --recursive). Наприклад, команди rm -r foobar, rm -R foobar і rm --recursive foobar вилучають каталог foobar з усім його вмістом! + + + + + + +Команди отримання відомостей щодо системи + +df — показати об’єм вільного місця на диску +Команду df призначено для показу використання файлової системи на диску для всіх розділів (df — скорочення від «disk free» («вільне місце на диску»)). Команда df -h покаже дані у мегабайтах (M) і гігабайтах (G) замість блоків (-h означає «human readable» (зручний для читання)). + + +free — показати дані щодо об’єму вільної та використаної оперативної пам’яті +Команду free призначено для показу даних щодо об’єму вільної і зайнятої оперативної пам’яті системи. free -m покаже дані у мегабайтах, — одиниці виміру об’ємів даних, найзручнішій у сучасних умовах. + + +top — показати впорядкований список процесів +Команду top призначено для показу відомостей щодо системи Linux — списку запущених процесів, системних ресурсів, зокрема використання процесора, оперативної пам’яті та резервної пам’яті (свопінгу) і загальної кількості завдань, які виконує система. Завершити роботу цієї програми можна натисканням клавіші q. + + +uname — показати параметри поточної системи +Командою uname з параметром -a можна скористатися для перегляду всіх даних щодо системи, зокрема назви комп’ютера, назви ядра системи і його версії та інших параметрів системи. Цією командою зручно користуватися для визначення назви ядра системи (uname — скорочення від «unix name» («назва UNIX»)). + + +lsb_release — вивести дані щодо вашого випуску Linux +Команду lsb_release з параметром -a призначено для виводу даних щодо випуску Linux, яким ви користуєтеся. Наприклад, якщо ви віддасте команду lsb_release -a, буде показано: No LSB modules are available. +Distributer ID: Ubuntu +Description: Ubuntu 10.04 +Release: 10.04 +Codename: lucid + + + + + + +Виконання команд з підвищеними правами +Наведені нижче команди слід супроводжувати префіксом sudo. Докладніше про використання команди sudo (sudo — скорочення від «superuser do» («дія суперкористувача»)) можна дізнатися зі статті RootSudo. + +Додавання нової групи користувачів +Команду addgroup призначено для створення у системі нових груп користувачів. Щоб створити групу, віддайте команду: sudo addgroup foobar Наведена вище команда створить групу з назвою foobar. + + +Додавання нового запису користувача +Команду adduser призначено для створення у системі нових записів користувачів. Щоб створити запис користувача, віддайте команду: adduser foobar Наведена вище команда створить запис користувача з назвою foobar. + + +Додавання або зміна пароля користувача +Команду passwd призначено для визначення нового пароля для нового запису користувача або зміни поточного пароля для запису користувача, який було створено раніше. Щоб додати пароль або змінити пароль для користувача foobar, віддайте команду: passwd foobar Якщо запис користувача є новим, система попросить вас ввести новий пароль. Якщо запис користувача вже було захищено паролем, вас попросять ввести попередній пароль, перш ніж буде виведено запис щодо нового пароля. + + +Додавання користувача до групи користувачів +Щоб встановити належність користувача foobar до групи barfoo, віддайте команду: adduser foobar barfoo + + + + + +Параметри +Типову поведінку команди можна, зазвичай, змінити додаванням до команди параметра у форматі --параметр. Наприклад, у команди ls передбачено параметр -s. Якщо буде віддано команду ls -s, у виведених даних буде показано розміри файлів. Крім того, передбачено параметр -h, призначений для показу даних у зручному для читання форматі. +Параметри можна групувати у кортежі: команда ls -sh тотожна команді ls -s -h У більшості параметрів передбачено довгу версію, запису якої має передувати два дефіси замість одного: команда ls --size --human-readable тотожна команді ls -sh + + + + +Команда «man» і отримання довідки +Команди назва_команди --help і manназва_команди є двома найважливішими довідковими інструментами командного рядка. +Параметр -h (або --help) передбачено майже для всіх команд. Додавання цього параметра до команди призведе до показу короткого опису команди та списку параметрів з наступним повернення до запрошення командного рядка. Приклади: man -h або man --help +Для кожної команди і майже для кожної програми у Linux передбачено файл довідки man (скорочення від «manual» або підручник). Щоб переглянути сторінку довідника певної команди, віддайте команду man назва_команди. Приклад: у відповідь на команду man mv буде показано сторінку довідки щодо mv. +Пересуватися рядками файла довідки можна натисканням клавіш зі стрілочками. Щоб завершити перегляд довідки, натисніть клавішу q. +man man відкриє сторінку довідника для команди man. З перегляду цієї сторінки варто розпочати вивчення довідкової системи командного рядка. +Дані, виведені командою man intro особливо корисні. Це дані «Вступу до команд користувача», добре написаного короткого вступу до роботи з командним рядком Linux. +Крім того, у системі передбачено довідкові сторінки info, які є набагато докладнішими за сторінки man. Зі вступом до роботи зі сторінками info можна ознайомитися за допомогою команди info info + +Пошук файлів man +Якщо ви не впевнені щодо того, яку назву команди або програми вам слід скористатися, ви можете виконати пошук файлів man. +Щоб знайти файли man для програми konsole, віддайте команду man -k konsole + +Результат виконання цієї команди тотожний до результату виконання команди apropos. + +Щоб виконати пошук лише у заголовках файлів man вашої системи, скористайтеся командою man -f kde + +Результат виконання цієї команди тотожний до результату виконання команди whatis. + + + + + + +Як вирізати і вставити фрагмент тексту? +Часто виникає потреба вставити якийсь фрагмент тексту до рядка термінала. +Текст, скопійований з веб-сторінки за допомогою натискання комбінації клавіш CtrlC, не буде вставлено, якщо ви натиснете комбінацію клавіш CtrlV, як це відбулося б у будь-якій іншій програми, оскільки для вставлення фрагментів тексту до термінала використовується інша комбінація клавіш, ShiftInsert. Крім того, вставити фрагмент тексту можнаклацанням правою кнопкою миші у вікні термінала з наступним вибором пункту Вставити з контекстного меню. +Крім того, фрагмент тексту можна скопіювати: позначте його вказівником миші. Клацанням середньою кнопкою миші (або одночасним клацанням обома кнопками миші, якщо на миші всього дві кнопки) у терміналі можна вставити позначений раніше за допомогою миші фрагмент тексту. + +У емуляторах термінала, відмінних від Konsole, дії, потрібні для досягнення результатів можуть бути іншими. Докладніше про дії, які слід виконати, щоб скопіювати і вставити фрагмент тексту, можна з документації до емулятора. + + + + + +Підказки +Як зробити так, щоб не вводити вже введену команду ще раз? + +Клавіша Стрілка вгору або комбінація клавіш Ctrlp + +Гортання назад до раніше введеної команди + + + +Клавіша Стрілка вниз або комбінація клавіш Ctrln + +Гортання вперед до пропущеної команди + + + + +Enter + + +Виконати вибрану команду + + + + +Tab + + +Tab є дуже корисною клавішею. Її натискання викликає інструмент автоматичного доповнення будь-яких команд або назв файлів, якщо буде знайдено єдиний варіант, або показу списку варіантів, якщо введеній вами частині відповідає декілька команд або файлів. Використання Tab у такий спосіб надає змогу уникнути друкарських помилок. + + + + +Зміна тексту + +Для пересування курсора командним рядком не можна скористатися вказівником миші. Пересувати курсор можна натисканням клавіш Стрілка ліворуч та Стрілка праворуч. + + +Натискання клавіш призведе до вставлення тексту у позицію курсора. Вже введені дані перезаписано не буде. + + +Ctrla або Home + +Пересунути курсор на початок рядка + + + +Ctrle або End + +Пересунути курсор у кінець рядка + + + + +Ctrlk + + +Вилучити фрагмент від поточної позиції курсора до кінця рядка + + + + +Ctrlu + + +Вилучити весь поточний рядок + + + + +Ctrlw + + +Вилучити слово перед курсором + + + + + + + +Додаткова інформація +Ви можете скористатися такими підручниками з Інтернету: + + +AptGetHowto — використання apt-get для встановлення пакунків з програмами за допомогою командного рядка. + + +Редагування записів сховищ за допомогою командного рядка — керування списками сховищ програмного забезпечення за допомогою командного рядка. + + +Настанови з grep — підручник з grep — потужного інструменту пошуку за допомогою командного рядка. + + +find — пошук файлів за допомогою командного рядка. + + +Настанови з роботи у командному рядку — розгорнутіша та повніша версія цього базового підручника. Зараз перебуває у незавершеному стані. + + +Настанови з Readline — опис складнішого налаштування роботи командного рядка. + + +Нижче наведено список докладніших підручників, присвячених роботі командного рядка Linux: + + + — алфавітний покажчик команд Bash для Linux. + + + — підручники з основ BASH, зокрема створення скриптів BASH. + + + — засновані на технологіях Java підручники. + + + — великий електронний підручник щодо адміністрування систем майже цілковито присвячений роботі у командному рядку. + + + — місце для збереження власних рецептів роботи у командному рядку та перегляду рецептів інших користувачів. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/de/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/de/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/de/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/de/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,554 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kommunizieren mit <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument zeigt die verschiedenen Wege, wie man mit anderen Menschen mittels Kubuntu kommunizieren kann. + + + + + +E-Mail +KMail ist der Standard-E-Mail-Client in Kubuntu. KMail ist ein Teil des Persönlichen Informationsmanagers (PIM) Kontact, der ebenfalls einen Kalender, ein Adressbuch, eine Aufgabenliste und mehr enthält. + +Um KMail zu starten, wählen Sie Kickoff AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenInternetMail Client oder drücken Sie AltF2, geben kmail ein und drücken die Enter-Taste. + +Wenn KMail das erste Mal gestartet wird, wird ein Assistent erscheinen, der Ihnen hilft Ihren E-Mail-Zugang einzurichten. Wenn während der Einrichtungsschritte erweiterte Einstellungen benötigt werden, ist es sicher, den Assistenten abzubrechen und die Einstellungen manuell vorzunehmen. Lesen Sie hierzu weiter unten. + + +<application>KMail</application> konfigurieren +Wenn KMail geöffnet ist, wählen Sie EinstellungenKMail einrichten um den Konfigurationsdialog für KMail zu öffnen. + +Der erste Schritt, bei der Einrichtung von E-Mail Zugängen ist es, die Identitäten für die Zugänge zu erstellen. Die standardmäßige Identität kann verändert werden, um bestimmten Anforderungen zu genügen. Im »Identitäten Hinzufügen- oder bearbeiten«-Dialog gibt es 6 Reiter. + +»Identitäten Hinzufügen- oder bearbeiten«-Reiter +Allgemein + +Beinhaltet Informationen bezüglich Name, Organisation und E-Mail Adresse. + + +Verschlüsselung + +Beinhaltet Informationen bezüglich des OpenPGP-Schlüssels, Verschlüsselungschlüssel, S/MIME Zertifikaten und dem bevorzugten Format der Verschlüsselungsnachricht. + + +Erweitert + +Beinhaltet Informationen bezüglich »Antworten an« und BCC-Adressen, der Benutzung des Wörterbuchs und Orte für die Ordner, die gesendete E-Mail, Entwürfe und Vorlagen beinhalten. + + +Vorlagen + +Beinhaltet Informationen, die spezielle Vorlagen für neue Nachrichten, Nachrichten an den Absender und mehr betreffen. + + +Signatur + +Beinhaltet Informationen zur Benutzung von Signaturen in E-Mails. Hier kann eingestellt werden, ob eine Signaturdatei benutzt wird, ein spezieller Text erstellt und benutzt wird oder ob KMail einen Befehl ausführt und das Ergebnis an die Signatur anhängt. + + +Bild + +Enthält Informationen, die die Nutzung von Bildern beim Senden von E-Mails betreffen. + + + + +Wenn eine Identität oder mehrere Identitäten eingerichtet wurden, ist der nächste Schritt den Account oder die Accounts zu konfigurieren. Es gibt zwei Teile der Accountkonfiguration, der eine zum Empfangen, der andere zum Senden. + +Wenn Sie ein Konto zum Empfangen von eMails hinzufügen, drücken Sie den Hinzufügen... unter der Sektion Zugänge. Ein Dialog wird Sie nach dem Postfach-Typ fragen. + +Empfangskonto Typ für eMails +Lokales Postfach + +Eine fortgeschrittene Einstellung für die Benutzung mit einer lokalen Mailbox welche Nachrichten über einen Mail Transfer Agenten (MTA) sammelt. + + +POP3 + +Eine typische Einstellung für eMailklienten, POP3 erlaubt es eMails von einem entfernten Server über eine Internetverbindung zu empfangen. POP3 verbindet sich kurz mit dem entfernten Server und läd alle neuen Nachrichten herunter. + + +IMAP + +Ein weiteres bekanntes Protokoll für den Empfang von eMails, bleibt IMAP mit dem Mailsverver für den Empfang verbunden. Anders als POP3 erlaubt es IMAP, dass sich mehrere Klienten mit der gleichen Mailbox verbinden können. + + +Disconnected IMAP + + +Disconnected IMAP ist so ähnlich wie IMAP. Allerdings werden eMailnachrichten zwischen dem Klienten und dem Server synchronisiert und alles auf dem Server belassen. Beide, Server und Klienten, haben identische Kopien. + + +Maildir-Postfach + +Vergleichbar mit der localen Mailbox, ausser, dass es das Maildir Format benutzt statt dem mbox Format. + + + + +Wenn Sie einen Zugang für das Versenden von eMail hinzufügen, drücken Sie Hinzufügen ...in der Sektion Zugänge unter dem Reiter Senden. Ein Versand-Zugang erstellen Dialog wird nach dem Konto-Typ fragen. + +eMailkonto Tpyen zum Versenden +SMTP + +SMTP erlaubt die Benutzung eines Servers der entweder von einem eMail Service oder einem Internet Service Provider (ISP) bereitgestellt wird. Dies ist der meistbenutzte Konto-Typ zum Versenden von eMails. + + +Sendmail + +Sendmail ist ein Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) welcher getrennt von KMail ist und in fortgeschritteneren Konfigurationen eingesetzt wird. + + +Dummy MailTransport-Ressource + +Eine Dummy Resource um ein Mail Transport Interface zu implementieren. Dies sollte nur verwendet werden, wenn Sie Erfahrungen damit haben. + + + + +Der Rest der Konfigurationsoptionen von KMail beziehen sich auf Sicherheitt und Layout. In den meisten Fällen, reichen die Standardeinstellungen, allerdings lässt sich KMail bis ins kleineste Detail auf die eigenen Bedürfnisse anpassen. + + + + + + +Internetchat (Internet Relay Chat <acronym>IRC</acronym>) +… + + + + +Instant Messaging (Sofortnachrichten) +Der Standard Instant Messaging (IM) Klient für Kubuntu ist Kopete. Kopete ünterstützt viele Nachrichtenprotokolle wie Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, AOL und mehr. + +Um Kopete zu starten, gehen Sie über Kickoff-Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeInternetInstant Messager. Die Konfiguration und Benutzung von Kopete ist vergleichbar mit den meisten anderen IM Klienten. + +Mehr Informationen über Kopete können in der passenden Dokumentation eingesehen werden. Bitte lesen Sie das Kopete Handbuch für weitere Informationen. + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter und Identi.ca +Kubuntu wird mit dem Microblogging Plasma Miniprogramm ausgeliefert, welches sowohl Twitter als auch Identi.ca unterstützt. Um das Miniprogramm hinzuzufügen, klicken Sie einfach rechts auf die Arbeitsfläche und wählen Sie Miniprogramm hinzufügen.... Klicken Sie einfach und ziehen Sie das Miniprogramm auf die Arbeitsfläche und richten Sie es für Twitter oder Identi.ca ein. +Eine weitere Anwendung die in den Repositories verfügbar ist, ist Choqok. Choqok unterstützt sowohl Twitter als auch Identi.ca und sitzt im Systemabschnitt. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/es/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/es/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/es/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/es/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,571 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Communicarse con <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento presentará las distintas maneras de comunicarse con otros usando Kubuntu. + + + + + +Correo electrónico +KMail Es el cliente de correo electrónico usado en Kubuntu. KMail Es un componente del Gestor de Información Personal (PIM) Llamado Kontact esto también incluye calendario, contactos, tareas y más. + +Para iniciar KMail, vaya a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetCliente de correo, o presione AltF2, teclee kmail y presione la tecla Intro. + +La primera vez que KMail se inicia, aparecerá un asistente para ayudarle a configurar la cuenta de correo electrónico, Si son necesarias más configuraciones avanzadas durante los pasos del asistente, es seguro cancelar el asistente y manualmente configurar los ajustes. Por favor revise más abajo. + + +Configurar <application>KMail</application> +Una vez que KMailestá abierto, pulseConfiguracionConfigurar KMailpara abrir el diálogo de configuración de KMail + +El primer paso en la creación de las cuentas de correo electrónico es crear las identidades de las cuentas. Los perfiles se pueden modificar con seguridad para adaptarse a las necesidades particulares. Hay 6 pestañas en las que puede añadir o modificar el dialogo de identidad. + +Pestañas Añadir/Modificar identidad +General + +Contiene información relativa al nombre, la organización y dirección de correo electrónico. + + +Cifrado + +Contiene información relacionada con la clave de firma OpenPGP, clave de cifrado, firma S/MIMEy los certificados de cifrado, así como el formato de mensaje cifrado que prefiera. + + +Avanzado + +Contiene información relativa a las direcciones de respuesta y BCC, el diccionario a usar, y la ubicación de las carpetas para correos enviados, borradores y plantillas. + + +Plantillas + +Contiene información relacionada con personalizar plantillas de mensajes nuevos, mensajes para contestar al emisor y más. + + +Firma + +Contiene información relativa a la utilización de una firma en los correos electrónicos. Puede configurarse para usar un archivo de firma, crear y utilizar un texto personalizado, o tener KMailejecutar una orden y añadir la salida a su firma. + + +Imagen + +Contiene información relacionada con el uso de una imagen cuando se envían correos electrónicos. + + + + +Una vez creada una identidad o identidades múltiples, el siguiente paso es configurar una cuenta o cuentas. Hay dos partes a la cuenta de configuración, una para recepción y otro para el envío. + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Recibir de tipos de cuentas de correo +Buzón local + +Una configuración avanzada para su uso con un buzón de correo local que está recogiendo mensajes a través de otro agente de transferencia de correo (MTA). + + +POP3 + +Una configuración típica con clientes de correo, POP3 permite la recuperación de correo electrónico desde un servidor remoto utilizando una conexión a Internet. POP3 brevemente se conecta al servidor remoto y descarga de todos los mensajes nuevos. + + +IMAP + +Otro protocolo común para la recepción de correo electrónico, IMAP permanece conectado al servidor de correo para recuperar el correo electrónico. A diferencia de POP3, IMAP permite a múltiples clientes estar conectados simultáneamente al mismo buzón. + + +IMAP desconectado + + +Desconectado IMAPacronym> es similar aIMAP. Sin embargo los mensajes de correo electr + + +Directorio del buzón + +Similar al buzón de correo local , excepto que utiliza el formato Maildir en lugar del formato mbox. + + + + +Al añadir una cuenta para enviar mensajes de correo electrónico, pulse Añadir...en la sección Cuentasbajo la pestañaEnvío. Aparecerá un diálogo Crear cuenta saliente pidiendo el tipo de cuenta. + +Enviar tipos de cuenta de correo +SMTP + +SMTP permite el uso de un servidor proporcionado ya sea por un servicio de correo electrónico o un proveedor de servicios Internet (ISP). Es el tipo de cuenta más común usado para enviar correo electrónico. + + +Sendmail + +Sendmail es un agente de transferencia de correo (MTA) que es independiente de KMail y se utiliza en configuraciones más avanzadas. + + +Recurso de transporte de correo para pruebas + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + +El resto de las opciones de configuración paraKMail pertenecen a la seguridad y el diseño. En la mayoría de las situaciones, los valores por defecto están bien, sin embargoKMailpuede ser configurado para satisfacer necesidades particulares. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Mensajería instantánea +El cliente predeterminado de mensajería instantánea (IM) para Kubuntu es Kopete. Kopete es compatible con muchos de los protocolos de mensajería como Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, AOL, y más. + +Para iniciar Kopete, vaya a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetMensajería instantánea. La configuración y uso de Kopete es similar a la mayoría de los otros clientes de MI. + + +More information regarding Kopete can be viewed in +its documentation. Please read the Kopete +Handbook for more information. + + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter e Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + +Otra aplicación que está disponible en los repositorios es Choqok. Choqok es compatible con Twitter e Identi.ca así, y está en la bandeja del sistema. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/et/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/et/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/et/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/et/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Suhtlemine <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>ga +&legalnotice; + +Selles dokumendis on näidatud erinevad moodused, kuidas saab Kubuntus teistega suhelda. + + + + + +E-post +KMail on vaikimisi e-posti klient, mida kasutab Kubuntu. KMail on (PIM) personaalse informatsioonihalduri komponent nimega Kontact, mis sisaldab kalendrit, kontakte, ülesandeid ja palju muud. + +KMaili käivitamiseks mine Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetE-posti klient või vajuta AltF2 ning trüki kmail ja vajuta Enter klahvi. + +Kui KMail on esimest korda käivitunud, käivitatakse nõustaja mis aitab sul seadistada e-posti kontot. Kui nõustaja kasutamise käigus on vajalik rohkemate seadistuste tegemine, on kindlam nõustaja katkestada ning seadistada sätteid käsitsi. Palun vaata lisaks . + + +<application>KMail</application>i seadistamine +Kui KMail on avatud, klõpsa SeadistusedKMaili seadistamine et avada seadistused KMaili jaoks + +Esimene samm e-posti kontode seadistamiseks on kontode identiteedi loomine. Vaikimisi identiteeti saab turvaliselt muuta, et sobida sinu vajadustega. Identiteedi dialoogis on lisamiseks ja muutmiseks 6 vahekaarti. + +Identiteedi lisamise/muutmise vahekaardid +Üldine + +Sisaldab informatsiooni nimede, organisatsiooni ja e-posti aadressi kohta. + + +Krüptograafia + +Sisaldab informatsiooni OpenPGP allkirjastamise võtme, krüpteerimisvõtme, S/MIME allkirjastamise ja krüpteerimise sertifikaatide ning eelistatud krüptosõnumi vormingute kohta. + + +Täpsemalt + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Mallid + +Sisaldab informatsiooni mallide kohandamise uutele sõnumitele, saatja sõnumitele vastamise kohta ja palju muud. + + +Allkiri + +Sisaldab informatsiooni selle kohta, kuidas allkirjastada e-kirju. Võimalik on seadistada seda, kuidas kasutada allkirjastamise faili, luua ja kasutada kohandatud teksti või KMailiga käivitada käsk ning lisada väljund sinu allkirjale. + + +Pilt + +Sisaldab informatsiooni piltide kasutamise kohta e-kirjades. + + + + +Kui identiteet või mitu identiteeti on seadistatud, on järgmiseks sammuks seadistada konto või kontod. Seadistamiseks on saadaval 2 varianti, millest esimene on vastuvõtmiseks ja teine saatmiseks. + +Selleks, et lisada konto vastuvõetavate e-kirjade jaoks, vajuta Lisa... minnes Kontod. Ilmunud dialoogis küsitakse Konto tüüpi. + +E-posti kontotüüpide saamine +Kohalik postkast + +Laiendatud seadistused kohaliku postkasti kasutamiseks, mis kogub sõnumeid läbi teise meiliedastusagendi (MTA). + + +POP3 + +Tüüpiline seadistus koos e-posti klientidega on POP3, mis lubab e-kirjade hankimise kaugserverist, kasutades selleks internetiühendust. POP3 ühendub korraks kaugserveriga ning laadib alla kõik uued sõnumid. + + +IMAP + +Teine levinud protokoll e-kirjade vastuvõtmiseks on IMAP, mis on ühendatud e-posti serveriga selleks, et võtta vastu uusi e-kirju. Erinevalt POP3st lubab IMAP postkastiga olla ühenduses mitmel kliendil korraga. + + +Lahutatud IMAP + + +Lahutatud IMAP on sarnane IMAPile. Pole vahet kas e-posti sõnumid on sünkroniseeritud serveri ja kliendi vahel või mitte, ikkagi jäetakse kõik serverisse. Nii serveril kui ka kliendil on identsed koopiad. + + +Maildir postkast + +Sarnaselt Kohalikule postkastile kasutab see Maildir vormingut mbox vormingu asemel. + + + + +Kui seadistad e-kirjade saatmiseks kontot, vajuta Lisa..., minnes Kontode sektsiooni ning Saatmise vahekaardile. Kuvatakse dialoog Loo väljaminev konto ning küsitakse konto tüüpi. + +E-posti konto tüüpide saatmine +SMTP + +SMTP lubab kasutatavat serverit määrata kas e-posti teenuse või internetiteenuse pakkuja (ISP) poolt. See on kõige levinum konto tüüp, mida kasutatakse e-kirja saatmiseks. + + +Sendmail + +Sendmail on e-posti edastusagent (MTA) , mis on eraldi KMailist ning on kasutusel rohkemate seadistuste tegemiseks. + + +Kirjade edastamine libaressurss + +Libaressurss, mis teeskleb e-posti transpordiliidest. Seda peaks kasutama ainult nendel, kellel on sellega eelnevalt kogemusi. + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Rühmadiskussioon Internetis (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Kiirsuhtlus +Vaikimisi Kubuntu kiirsuhtlusklient (IM) on Kopete. Kopete toetab paljusid kiirsuhtluse protokolle, nagu Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, AOL ja muud. + +Kopete käivitamiseks mine Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetKiirsuhtlus. Kopetei seadistamine ja kasutamine on sarnane enamike teisteIM klientidega. + +Rohkem informatsiooni Kopetei kohta saab vaadata dokumentatsioonist. Palun loe selleks Kopete käsiraamatut. + + + + +Mikroblogimine - Twitter ja Identi.ca +Kubuntuga on kaasas Mikroblogimise plasma vidin mis toetab Twitterit ja Identi.ca-d. Vidina lisamiseks töölauale kliki parem hiireklõps töölaual ning vali Lisa vidinaid.... Lihtsalt kliki ja lohista vidin töölauale ning seadista see. +Teine rakendus, mis on saadaval hoidlates, on Choqok. Choqok toetab Twitterit ja Identi.ca-d ning on nähtaval süsteemisalves. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/fr/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/fr/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/fr/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/fr/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,669 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Communiquer en utilisant <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document présente les différentes façons de communiquer avec d'autres personnes en utilisant Kubuntu. + + + + + +E-mail + +KMail is the default e-mail client used in Kubuntu. +KMail is a component of the Personal Information +Manager (PIM) called Kontact that +also includes calendaring, contacts, tasks, and more. + + + +To start KMail, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetMail Client, or press +AltF2, type +kmail and press the Enter key. + + + +The first time that +KMail is started, a wizard will appear to help set +up an e-mail account. If more advanced settings are needed during the +wizard steps, it is safe to cancel the wizard and manually configure the +settings. Please review below. + + + +Configuration de <application>KMail</application> + +Once KMail is opened, click +SettingsConfigure +KMail to open the configuration dialog for +KMail + + + +The first step in setting up e-mail accounts is to create identities for +the accounts. The default identity can be safely modified to suit particular +needs. There are 6 tabs in the Add or Modify identity dialog. + + +Identity Add/Modify Tabs +General + + +Contains information pertaining to name, organization, and e-mail address. + + + +Cryptography + + +Contains information pertaining to OpenPGP signing +key, encryption key, S/MIME signing and encryption certificates, as well as the +preferred crypto message format. + + + +Advanced + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Templates + + +Contains information pertaining to custom templates for new messages, reply to +sender messages, and more. + + + +Signature + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a signature in e-mails. It can +be configured to use a signature file, create and use custom text, or have +KMail run a command and append the output to your +signature. + + + +Picture + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a picture when sending e-mails. + + + + + + +Once an identity or multiple identities have been set up, the next step is to +configure an account or accounts. There are 2 parts to account configuration, +one for receiving and the other for for sending. + + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Receiving e-mail account types +Local mailbox + + +An advanced setting for use with a local mailbox that is collecting messages +via another Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + + +POP3 + + +A typical setting with e-mail clients, POP3 +allows for e-mail retrieval from a remote server using an Internet connection. +POP3 briefly connects to the remote server and +downloads all new messages. + + + +IMAP + + +Another common protocol for receiving email, IMAP +stays connected to the mail server for e-mail retrieving. Unlike +POP3, IMAP allows for multiple clients to +be connected simultaneously to the same mailbox. + + + +Disconnected IMAP + + + +Disconnected IMAP is similar to IMAP. +However e-mail messages are synchronized between the server and the client, +leaving everything on the server. Both the server and the client will +have identical copies. + + + +Maildir mailbox + + +Similar to the Local mailbox, except that it uses +the Maildir format instead of the mbox format. + + + + + + +When adding an account for sending e-mail, press the +Add... in the Accounts section under +the Sending tab. A Create Outgoing +Account dialog will appear asking for the account type. + + +Sending e-mail account types +SMTP + + +SMTP allows for the use of a server provided either by an +e-mail service or an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It is +the most common account type used to send e-mail. + + + +Sendmail + + +Sendmail is a Mail Transfer Agent +(MTA) that is separate from KMail +and is used in more advanced configurations. + + + +Dummy MailTransport Resource + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +... + + + + + +Instant Messaging + +The default Instant Messaging (IM) client for Kubuntu is +Kopete. Kopete supports +many of the messaging protocols including Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, +AOL, and more. + + + +To start Kopete, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetInstant Messager. Configuring and +using Kopete is similar to most other +IM clients. + + +Pour plus d'information concernant Kopete, lisez le manuel de Kopete. + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter et Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + + +Another application that is available in the repositories is +Choqok. Choqok supports +both Twitter and Identi.ca as well, and sits in the system tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/gl/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/gl/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/gl/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/gl/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,666 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Comunicandose con <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento presentarlle os distintos xeitos de comunicarse con outros usando Kubuntu. + + + + + +Correo-e + +KMail is the default e-mail client used in Kubuntu. +KMail is a component of the Personal Information +Manager (PIM) called Kontact that +also includes calendaring, contacts, tasks, and more. + + + +To start KMail, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetMail Client, or press +AltF2, type +kmail and press the Enter key. + + + +The first time that +KMail is started, a wizard will appear to help set +up an e-mail account. If more advanced settings are needed during the +wizard steps, it is safe to cancel the wizard and manually configure the +settings. Please review below. + + + +Configurar <application>KMail</application> + +Once KMail is opened, click +SettingsConfigure +KMail to open the configuration dialog for +KMail + + + +The first step in setting up e-mail accounts is to create identities for +the accounts. The default identity can be safely modified to suit particular +needs. There are 6 tabs in the Add or Modify identity dialog. + + +Lapelas Engadir/Modificar identidade +Xeral + + +Contains information pertaining to name, organization, and e-mail address. + + + +Cifraxe + + +Contains information pertaining to OpenPGP signing +key, encryption key, S/MIME signing and encryption certificates, as well as the +preferred crypto message format. + + + +Avanzado + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Modelos + +Conten información relacionada coa personalización de modelos de mensaxes novas, mensaxes para contestar ao remtente e máis. + + +Sinatura + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a signature in e-mails. It can +be configured to use a signature file, create and use custom text, or have +KMail run a command and append the output to your +signature. + + + +Imaxe + +Conten información relacionada co uso dunha imaxen cando se envían correos electrónicos. + + + + + +Once an identity or multiple identities have been set up, the next step is to +configure an account or accounts. There are 2 parts to account configuration, +one for receiving and the other for for sending. + + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Receiving e-mail account types +Caixa de correo local + + +An advanced setting for use with a local mailbox that is collecting messages +via another Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + + +POP3 + + +A typical setting with e-mail clients, POP3 +allows for e-mail retrieval from a remote server using an Internet connection. +POP3 briefly connects to the remote server and +downloads all new messages. + + + +IMAP + + +Another common protocol for receiving email, IMAP +stays connected to the mail server for e-mail retrieving. Unlike +POP3, IMAP allows for multiple clients to +be connected simultaneously to the same mailbox. + + + +IMAP desconectado + + + +Disconnected IMAP is similar to IMAP. +However e-mail messages are synchronized between the server and the client, +leaving everything on the server. Both the server and the client will +have identical copies. + + + +Caixa de correo Maildir + + +Similar to the Local mailbox, except that it uses +the Maildir format instead of the mbox format. + + + + + + +When adding an account for sending e-mail, press the +Add... in the Accounts section under +the Sending tab. A Create Outgoing +Account dialog will appear asking for the account type. + + +Sending e-mail account types +SMTP + + +SMTP allows for the use of a server provided either by an +e-mail service or an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It is +the most common account type used to send e-mail. + + + +Sendmail + + +Sendmail is a Mail Transfer Agent +(MTA) that is separate from KMail +and is used in more advanced configurations. + + + +Recurso parvo de transporte de correo + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Mensaxaría instantánea + +The default Instant Messaging (IM) client for Kubuntu is +Kopete. Kopete supports +many of the messaging protocols including Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, +AOL, and more. + + + +To start Kopete, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetInstant Messager. Configuring and +using Kopete is similar to most other +IM clients. + + + +More information regarding Kopete can be viewed in +its documentation. Please read the Kopete +Handbook for more information. + + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter and Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + + +Another application that is available in the repositories is +Choqok. Choqok supports +both Twitter and Identi.ca as well, and sits in the system tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/it/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/it/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/it/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/it/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,554 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Comunica con <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento illustrerà i vari modi per comunicare con gli altri tramite Kubuntu. + + + + + +Posta elettronica +KMail è il programma di posta elettronica predefinito usato in Kubuntu. KMail è un componente del Personal Information Manager (PIM, 'Gestore di informazioni personali') chiamato Kontact, che include anche calendario, contatti, attività e altro ancora. + +Avviate KMail da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetProgramma di posta elettronica, oppure premete AltF2, digitate kmail, poi premete il tasto Invio. + +Al primo avvio di KMail, si avvierà una procedura guidata che aiuterà a impostare un account di posta elettronica. Se avete necessità di impostazioni più avanzate durante la procedura guidata, è bene annullarla e configurare manualmente le impostazioni. Consultate qui sotto. + + +Configurazione di <application>KMail</application> +Una volta aperto KMail, fate clic su ImpostazioniConfigura KMail per aprire la sua finestra di configurazione. + +Il primo passo per la configurazione degli account di posta elettronica è creare delle identità per gli account. L'identità predefinita può essere tranquillamente modificata in base alle proprie esigenze. Vi sono sei schede nella finestra di dialogo di aggiunta/modifica di un'identità. + +Le schede Aggiungi/Modifica dell'identità +Generale + +Contiene informazioni sul nome, l'organizzazione e l'indirizzo di posta elettronica. + + +Crittografia + +Contiene informazioni sulla chiave per la firma OpenPGP, la chiave di cifratura, i certificati per la firma e la cifratura S/MIME, così come il formato crittografico del messaggio preferito. + + +Avanzate + +Contiene informazioni sugli indirizzi rispondi-a e CCN, il dizionario da usare e la posizione delle cartelle per la posta inviata, le bozze e i modelli. + + +Modelli + +Contiene informazioni sui modelli personalizzati per i nuovi messaggi, le risposte e altro ancora. + + +Firma + +Contiene informazioni sull'uso della firma nei messaggi di posta. Può essere configurata per utilizzare un file per la firma, creare e usare del testo personalizzato oppure fare avviare un comando a KMail e allegare il risultato alla firma. + + +Immagine + +Contiene informazioni sull'uso di un'immagine durante l'invio dei messaggi di posta. + + + + +Dopo aver configurato una o più identità, il passo successivo è configurare uno o più account. Vi sono due parti nella configurazione dell'account, una per la ricezione, l'altra per l'invio. + +Per aggiungere un account per la ricezione della posta elettronica, premete Aggiungi... nella sezione Account. Verrà mostrata una finestra per la richiesta del tipo di account. + +Tipi di account per la ricezione della posta +Casella locale + +Impostazione avanzata per l'uso con una casella postale locale che raccoglie i messaggi tramite un altro Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + +POP3 + +Tipica impostazione con i programmi di posta elettronica. POP3 permette il recupero della posta da un server remoto utilizzando una connessione Internet. POP3 si collega brevemente al server remoto e scarica tutti i nuovi messaggi. + + +IMAP + +Altro protocollo comune per la ricezione della posta elettronica. IMAP rimane connesso al server di posta per il recupero dei messaggi. A differenza di POP3, IMAP permette che più client possano collegarsi simultaneamente alla stessa casella di posta. + + +IMAP disconnesso + + +IMAP disconnesso è simile a IMAP. I messaggi di posta, tuttavia, sono sincronizzati tra il server e il client, lasciando tutto nel server. Sia il server sia il client avranno copie identiche. + + +Casella Maildir + +Simile alla casella locale, ad eccezione del fatto che viene utilizzato il formato Maildir anziché quello mbox. + + + + +Per aggiungere un account per la spedizione della posta, premete Aggiungi... nella sezione Account sotto la scheda Spedizione. Apparirà la finestra Crea account di uscita che chiederà il tipo di account. + +Tipi di account per la spedizione della posta elettronica +SMTP + +SMTP permette l'uso di un server fornito o da un servizio di posta elettronica o da Internet Service Provider (ISP, 'fornitore di servizi Internet'). È il tipo di account utilizzato più comune per l'invio della posta. + + +Sendmail + +Sendmail è un Mail Transfer Agent (MTA, 'agente di trasferimento posta') separato da KMail e utilizzato per configurazioni più avanzate. + + +Risorsa MailTransport fittizia + +Risorsa fittizia che implementa un'interfaccia di trasporto posta. Deve essere utilizzata solo dagli utenti esperti di questo sistema. + + + + +Il resto delle opzioni di configurazione di KMail riguardano la sicurezza e l'aspetto. Nella maggior parte dei casi, le impostazioni predefinite vanno bene, ma KMail può essere configurato per adattarsi a particolari esigenze. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Messaggistica istantanea +Il programma predefinito di Messaggistica istantanea (IM) per Kubuntu è Kopete. Kopete supporta molti protocolli di messaggistica, incluso Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, AOL e altri. + +Per avviare Kopete, andare in Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetMessaggistica istantanea. La sua configurazione e il suo uso sono simili alla maggior parte degli altri programmi IM. + +Maggiori informazioni su Kopete sono disponibili nella sua documentazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consultate il Manuale di Kopete. + + + + +Microblog - Twitter e Identi.ca +Kubuntu contiene l'oggetto Plasma per il microblog, che supporta sia Twitter, sia Identi.ca. Per aggiungere l'oggetto, fate semplicemente clic col tasto destro del mouse sul desktop e selezionate Aggiungi oggetti.... Trascinate e rilasciate poi l'oggetto nel desktop e configuratelo per Twitter o Identi.ca. +Un'altra applicazione disponibile nei depositi è Choqok. Choqok supporta sia Twitter, sia Identi.ca e risiede nel vassoio di sistema. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/km/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/km/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/km/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/km/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,554 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ដោយ​ប្រើ​​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ​</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​មធ្យោបាយ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ដែល​មនុស្ស​ម្នាក់​អាច​ធ្វើ​ការ​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជា​មួយ​អ្នក​ផ្សេង​បាន​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + + + +អ៊ីមែល +KMail ជា​កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល​លំនាំ​ដើម​ដែល​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ។ KMail ជា​សមាស​ភាគ​របស់​ Personal Information Manager (PIM) ដែល​ហៅ​ថា​ Kontact ដែល​រួម​បញ្ចូល​ផង​ដែរ​នូវ​ប្រក្រតិទិន ទំនាក់​ទំនង ភារកិច្ច និង​អ្វី​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ + +ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KMail ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​សំបុត្រ​ ឬ​ចុច​ ជំនួស(Alt)F2 វាយ​ kmail រួច​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល​(Enter) ។ + +លើក​ដំបូង​ដែល​ KMail ត្រូវ​បាន​ចាប់​ផ្តើម អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ដើម្បី​ជួយ​រៀប​ចំ​គណនី​អ៊ីមែល​ ។ បើ​ការកំណត់​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ជាង​នេះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ទាម​ទារ​ក្នុង​ដំណាក់​កាល​របស់​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​ វា​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​ដើម្បី​បោះ​បង់​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ និង​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ការ​កំណត់​ដោយដៃ​ ។ សូម​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ ខាង​ក្រោម​ ។ + + +កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ <application>KMail</application> +នៅ​ពេល​ KMail បើក​ ចុច​ ការកំណត់​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ KMail ដើម្បី​បើក​ប្រអប់​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​សម្រាប់​ KMail + +ជំហាន​ដំបូង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​រៀប​ចំ​គណនី​អ៊ីមែល​គឺ​ត្រូវ​បង្កើតអត្តសញ្ញាណ​សម្រាប់​គណនី ។ អត្តសញ្ញាណ​លំនាំ​ដើម​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​កែ​ប្រែ​ដោយ​សុវត្ថិភាព​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​សម​តាម​តម្រូវ​ការ​ជាក់​លាក់​ ។ មាន​ផ្ទាំង​ ៦ នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ បន្ថែម ឬ​កែ​ប្រែ​ អត្តសញ្ញាណ ។ + +ផ្ទាំង​បន្ថែម​/កែ​ប្រែ អត្តសញ្ញាណ +ទូទៅ + +មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ឈ្មោះ អង្គការ និង​អាសយដ្ឋាន​អ៊ីមែល ។ + + +ការគ្រីប + +មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​សោចុះ​ហត្ថលេខារបស់ OpenPGP ​ សោ​អ៊ិនគ្រីប​ ការចុះ​ហត្ថលេខា​ S/MIME និង​វិញ្ញាបនបត្រ​អ៊ិន​គ្រីប ព្រម​ទាំង​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​សារ crypto ដែល​ពេញ​ចិត្ត​របស់​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ + +មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹងអាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​ឆ្លើយ​តប​ និង​អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​របស់​ BCC វចនានុក្រម​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ ទីតាំង​ថត​សម្រាប់​អ៊ីមែល​ដែល​បានផ្ញើ​ សេចក្តី​ព្រាង និង​ពុម្ព​ ។ + + +ពុម្ព + +មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ពុម្ព​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​សម្រាប់​សារ​ថ្មី ការឆ្លើប​តប​ទៅ​កាន់​សារ​អ្នក​ផ្ញើ និង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ + + +ហត្ថលេខា + +មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​ប្រើ​ហត្ថលេខា​នៅ​ក្នុង​អ៊ីមែល ។ វា​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ឯកសារ​ហត្ថលេខា បង្កើត និង​ប្រើ​អត្ថបទ​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​ ឬ​ឲ្យ​ KMail រត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា និង​បង្ហាញ​លទ្ធ​ផល​នៅ​ខាង​ចុង​សម្រាប់​ហត្ថលេខា​របស់​អ្នក​ ។ + + +រូបភាព + +មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​ប្រើ​រូបភាព នៅ​ពេល​ផ្ញើ​អ៊ីមែល + + + + +នៅ​ពេល​អត្ត​សញ្ញាណ​មួយ ឬ​ច្រើន​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀប​ចំ​ហើយ​នោះ ជំហាន​បន្ទាប់​គឺ​ត្រូវ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​គណនី​ ។ មាន​ ២ ផ្នែក​សម្រាប់​ការ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធគណនី មួយ​សម្រាប់​ទទួល និង​មួយ​ទៀត​សម្រាប់​ផ្ញើ ។ + +នៅ​ពេល​បន្ថែម​គណនី​សម្រាប់​ទទួល​អ៊ីមែល ចុច បន្ថែម​... ក្រោម​ផ្នែក​ គណនី​ ។ ប្រអប់​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ដោយ​សួរ​រក​ ប្រភេទ​គណនី​ ។ + +ទទួល​ប្រភេទ​គណនី​អ៊ីមែល +ប្រអប់​ទទួល​មូល​ដ្ឋាន + +ការកំណត់​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​សម្រាប់​ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ​ប្រអប់​ទទួល​មូលដ្ឋាន​ដែល​ប្រមូល​សារ​តាម​រយៈ​ Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + +POP3 + +ការ​កំណត់​ជា​គំរូ​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល​ POP3 អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ទៅ​យក​អ៊ីមែល​ពី​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ពី​ចម្ងាយ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ការ​តភ្ជាប់​អ៊ីនធឺណិត ។ POP3 ត​ភ្ជាប់​ភ្លាម​ៗ​ទៅ​កាន់​អ៊ីនធឺណិត និង​ទាញ​យក​គ្រប់​សារ​ថ្មី​ទាំង​អស់ ។ + + +IMAP + +ពិធីការ​ទូទៅ​មួយ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​សម្រាប់​ទទួល​អ៊ីមែល​ IMAP ត​ភ្ជាប់​ជានិច្ច​ទៅ​កាន់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​សំបុត្រ​សម្រាប់​ការទៅ​យក​អ៊ីមែល​ ។ មិន​ដូច​ POP3 ទេ IMAP អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធី​ជាច្រើន​ត​ភ្ជាប់​ទៅកាន់​ប្រអប់​ទទួល​ដូច​គ្នា​ក្នុង​ពេល​តែ​មួយ ។ + + +ផ្តាច់​ IMAP + + +ផ្តាច់​ IMAP ​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​ IMAP ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា សារ​អ៊ីមែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ធ្វើ​សមកាល​កម្មរវាង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ និង​កម្មវិធី​ ដោយ​បន្សល់​ទុក​នូវ​អ្វី​គ្រប់​យ៉ាង​នៅ​លើម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ ។ ទាំង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ និង​កម្មវិធី​នឹង​មាន​ច្បាប់​ចម្លង​ដូច​គ្នា​ ។ + + +ប្រអប់​ទទួល Maildir + +ស្រដៀង​​គ្នា​នឹង​ ប្រអប់​ទទួល​មូលដ្ឋាន​ ខុស​ត្រង់​ថា​ វា​ប្រើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ Maildir ជំនួស​ឲ្យ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ mbox ។ + + + + +ពេល​បន្ថែម​គណនី​សម្រាប់​ផ្ញើ​អ៊ីមែល ចុច​ បន្ថែម​... នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ គណនី​ ក្រោម​ផ្ទាំង​ ផ្ញើ​ ។ ប្រអប់​ បង្កើត​គណនី​ចេញ​ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ដោយ​សួរ​រក​ប្រភេទ​គណនី ។ + +ផ្ញើ​ប្រភេទ​គណនី​អ៊ីមែល +SMTP + +SMTP អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ប្រើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ដែល​ផ្តល់​ដោយ​សេវា​អ៊ីមែល ឬដោយ​​ក្រុមហ៊ុន​ផ្តល់​សេវា​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​ (ISP) ។ វា​ជា​ប្រភេទ​គណនី​ទូទៅ​បំផុត​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​ផ្ញើ​អ៊ីមែល ។ + + +Sendmail + +Sendmail ជា​ Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) ដែល​ខុស​គ្នា​ពី​ KMail ហើយ​វា​ត្រូវបាន​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ជាង​នេះ​ ។ + + +ធន​ធាន​ MailTransport ដំបូង + +ធន​ធាន​ដំបូង​ដែល​អនុវត្ត​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​ដឹក​ជញ្ជូន​សំបុត្រ​ ។ មាន​តែ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​មាន​បទ​ពិសោធន៍​ជា​មួយ​វាប៉ុណ្ណោះ ដែល​នឹង​អាច​ប្រើ​វា​បាន​ ។ + + + + +ជម្រើស​កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​សម្រាប់​ KMail ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​សុវត្ថិភាព និង​ប្លង់​ ។ ក្នុង​ស្ថានភាព​ភាគ​ច្រើន លំនាំ​ដើមមាន​លក្ខណៈ​ល្អ​ប្រសើរ ទោះ​បីយ៉ាង​ណា​ KMail អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​សម​នឹង​តម្រូវ​ការ​ជាក់​លាក់​ ។ + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Instant Messaging +កម្មវិធី​ Instant Messaging (IM) លំនាំដើម​សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ គឺ​ Kopete ។ Kopete គាំ​ទ្រ​ពិធីការ​ផ្ញើសារ​មួយ​ចំនួន​រួម​មាន​ Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, AOL និង​ផ្សេង​ៗទៀត ។ + +ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Kopete ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​ផ្ញើ​សារ​បន្ទាន់​ ។ ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ និង​ប្រើ​ Kopete ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ IM ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែរ ។ + +អាច​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ទៀត​អំពី​ Kopete នៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារ​របស់​វា​បាន​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​អាន​ សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​របស់ Kopete ។ + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter និង​ Identi.ca +គូប៊ុនទូ​ ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​ ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ប្លាស្មា​ Microblogging ដែល​គាំ​ទ្រ​ទាំង​ Twitter និង​ Identi.ca ។ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ ចុច​ កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ​ តាម​ធម្មតា​នៅ​លើ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ រួច​​ជ្រើស​ បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​... ។ ចុច​ និង​អូសធាតុ​​ក្រាហ្វិក​តាម​ធម្មតាទៅ​កាន់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ និង​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Twitter និង​ Identi.ca ។ +កម្មវិធី​មួយ​ទៀត​ដែល​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឃ្លាំង​គឺ​ Choqok ។ Choqok គាំ​ទ្រ​ Twitter និង​ Identi.ca ផង​ដែរ ហើយ​វា​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថាស​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/oc/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/oc/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/oc/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/oc/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Communicating With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document will present the various ways one can communicate with others +using Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Adreça electronica + +KMail is the default e-mail client used in Kubuntu. +KMail is a component of the Personal Information +Manager (PIM) called Kontact that +also includes calendaring, contacts, tasks, and more. + + + +To start KMail, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetMail Client, or press +AltF2, type +kmail and press the Enter key. + + + +The first time that +KMail is started, a wizard will appear to help set +up an e-mail account. If more advanced settings are needed during the +wizard steps, it is safe to cancel the wizard and manually configure the +settings. Please review below. + + + +Configuring <application>KMail</application> + +Once KMail is opened, click +SettingsConfigure +KMail to open the configuration dialog for +KMail + + + +The first step in setting up e-mail accounts is to create identities for +the accounts. The default identity can be safely modified to suit particular +needs. There are 6 tabs in the Add or Modify identity dialog. + + +Identity Add/Modify Tabs +General + + +Contains information pertaining to name, organization, and e-mail address. + + + +Chiframent + + +Contains information pertaining to OpenPGP signing +key, encryption key, S/MIME signing and encryption certificates, as well as the +preferred crypto message format. + + + +Avançat + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Modèls + + +Contains information pertaining to custom templates for new messages, reply to +sender messages, and more. + + + +Signatura + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a signature in e-mails. It can +be configured to use a signature file, create and use custom text, or have +KMail run a command and append the output to your +signature. + + + +Imatge + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a picture when sending e-mails. + + + + + + +Once an identity or multiple identities have been set up, the next step is to +configure an account or accounts. There are 2 parts to account configuration, +one for receiving and the other for for sending. + + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Receiving e-mail account types +Local mailbox + + +An advanced setting for use with a local mailbox that is collecting messages +via another Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + + +POP3 + + +A typical setting with e-mail clients, POP3 +allows for e-mail retrieval from a remote server using an Internet connection. +POP3 briefly connects to the remote server and +downloads all new messages. + + + +IMAP + + +Another common protocol for receiving email, IMAP +stays connected to the mail server for e-mail retrieving. Unlike +POP3, IMAP allows for multiple clients to +be connected simultaneously to the same mailbox. + + + +Disconnected IMAP + + + +Disconnected IMAP is similar to IMAP. +However e-mail messages are synchronized between the server and the client, +leaving everything on the server. Both the server and the client will +have identical copies. + + + +Maildir mailbox + + +Similar to the Local mailbox, except that it uses +the Maildir format instead of the mbox format. + + + + + + +When adding an account for sending e-mail, press the +Add... in the Accounts section under +the Sending tab. A Create Outgoing +Account dialog will appear asking for the account type. + + +Sending e-mail account types +SMTP + + +SMTP allows for the use of a server provided either by an +e-mail service or an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It is +the most common account type used to send e-mail. + + + +Sendmail + + +Sendmail is a Mail Transfer Agent +(MTA) that is separate from KMail +and is used in more advanced configurations. + + + +Dummy MailTransport Resource + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Messatjariá instantanèa + +The default Instant Messaging (IM) client for Kubuntu is +Kopete. Kopete supports +many of the messaging protocols including Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, +AOL, and more. + + + +To start Kopete, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetInstant Messager. Configuring and +using Kopete is similar to most other +IM clients. + + + +More information regarding Kopete can be viewed in +its documentation. Please read the Kopete +Handbook for more information. + + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter and Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + + +Another application that is available in the repositories is +Choqok. Choqok supports +both Twitter and Identi.ca as well, and sits in the system tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/pt_BR/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/pt_BR/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/pt_BR/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/pt_BR/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,554 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Comunicando com <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documentos irá apresentar várias maneiras de se comunicar usando Kubuntu. + + + + + +E-mail +KMail é o cliente de e-mail padrão usado no Kubuntu. KMail é um componente do Gerenciador Pessoal de Informações (PIM) chamado Kontact que também inclui calendário, contatos, tarefas e muito mais. + +Para iniciar o KMail, vá em Lançador de aplicativo KickoffAplicativosInternetCliente de e-mail, ou pressione AltF2, digite kmail e pressione a tecla Enter. + +Na primeira vez que o KMail é iniciado, um assistente de configuração irá aparecer para ajudá-lo a configurar uma conta de email. Se configurações avançadas são necessárias durante o assistente de configuração, é melhor cancelar o assistente de configuração e configurar sua conta de e-mail manualmente.Por Favor reveja abaixo. + + +Configurando <application>KMail</application> +Quando o KMail estiver aberto, clique em ConfiguraçõesConfigurar o KMail para abrir a janela de configuração do KMail + +O primeiro passo na configuração de contas de email é criar identidades para as contas. O Padrão de identidade pode ser facilmente modificado para atender necessidades particulares. São 6 guias na caixa de diálogo Adicionar ou Modificar. + +Adicionar Identidade/Modificar Guias +Geral + +Contém informações relativas ao nome, organização, e endereço de e-mail. + + +Criptografia + +Contém informações relativas a chave de assinatura OpenPGP, chave de encriptação, certificados e encriptação S/MIME, e também o formato de mensagem de criptografia preferida. + + +Avançado + +Contém informações relativas à resposta e endereços BCC, o dicionário a ser utilizado, e localização da pasta para itens enviados, esboços e modelos. + + +Modelos + +Contém informações relativas a modelos personalizados para novas mensagens, respostas ao remente de mensagens, e muito mais. + + +Assinatura + +Contém informações relativas ao uso de assinaturas nos e-mails. Pode ser configurado para usar um arquivo de assinatura, criar e usar um texto personalizado, ou usar o Kmail para rodar um comando e anexar a saída à sua assinatura. + + +Imagem + +Contém informações relativas ao uso de imagens no envio de e-mails. + + + + +Uma vez que a identidade, ou várias delas tenham sido configuradas, o próximo passo é configurar uma , ou várias contas. O processo de configuração de contas é composto por 2 partes, uma para recebimento, e outra para envio. + +Quando for adicionar uma conta para receber e-mails, pressione Adicionar... dentro da sessão Contas. Uma caixa de diálogo vai aparecer perguntando o Tipo de conta. + +Tipos de contas de e-mail para recebimento +Caixa de e-mail local + +Uma configuração avançada para uso com uma caixa de correio local, que está coletando mensagens através de outro Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + +POP3 + +Uma configuração típica de clientes de e-mail, o POP3 permite a recuperação de e-mails em um servidor remoto usando uma conexão de Internet. O POP3 brevemente se conecta ao servidor remoto e baixa todas as mensagens novas. + + +IMAP + +Outro protocolo comum para recuperar e-mails, o IMAP fica conectado ao servidor de e-mails para a recuperação das mensagens. Diferente do POP3, o IMAP permite múltiplos clientes estarem conectados ao mesmo tempo na mesma caixa de correio. + + +IMAP desconectado + + +IMAP desconectado é similar ao protocolo IMAP. No entanto as mensagens de e-mail são sincronizadas entre o servidor e o cliente, deixando tudo no servidor. Tanto o servidor quanto o cliente terão copias idênticas do conteúdo. + + +Caixa de e-mail Maildir + +Similar a Caixa de correio local, exceto que usa o formato Maildir ao invés do formato mbox. + + + + +Quando estiver adicionando uma conta para o envio de e-mail, aperte o botão Adicionar... na seção Contas embaixo da aba Enviando. Uma caixa de diálogo Criar conta de saída aparecerá perguntando o tipo de conta. + +Tipos de conta de e-mail para envio +SMTP + +SMTP permite o uso de um servidor disponibilizado tanto por um serviço de e-mail quanto por um provedor de internet ISP. É o tipo de conta mais comum para envio de e-mails. + + +Sendmail + +Sendmail é um Agente de Transferência de Correio (Mail Transfer Agent - MTA) que é separado do KMail e é usado em configurações mais avançadas. + + +Recurso de transporte de e-mails para testes + +Um recurso implementando uma interface de transporte de correio. Deve ser usado apenas por aqueles que têm experiência com isso. + + + + +As outras opções de configuração para o KMail são referentes a segurança e exibição. Na maioria dos casos, as opções padrão são suficientes, o que não impede que ele seja configurado de forma a se adequar a necessidades particulares. + + + + + + +Bate-papo retransmitido pela internet (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Mensageiro instantâneo +O cliente de mensagens instantâneas (IM) padrão do Kubuntu é o Kopete. Kopete suporta muitos dos protocolos de mensagem incluindo Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, AOPL, entre outros. + +Para iniciar o Kopete, vá em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetMensageiro instantâneo. Configurar e usar o Kopete é similar à maioria dos outros clientes IM. + +Mais informações sobre o Kopete podem ser vistas nesta documentação. Por favor leia o Manual do Kopete para mais informações. + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter e Identi.ca +O Kubuntu embarca com o aplicativo Microblogging Plasma Widget que suporta tanto o Twitter quanto Identi.ca. Para adicionar o widget ao ambiente de trabalho, simplesmente clique com o botão direito na área de trabalho, e selecione Adicionar Widgets.... Clique e arraste o widget para o ambiente de trabalho e configure-o para tanto Twitter quanto Identi.ca. +Um outro aplicativo que está disponível nos repositórios é o Choqok. Ele suporta tanto o Twitter, quanto o Identi.ca, e fica posicionado na área de notificações. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/ru/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/ru/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/ru/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/ru/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,676 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Communicating With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document will present the various ways one can communicate with others +using Kubuntu. + + + + + + +E-mail + +KMail is the default e-mail client used in Kubuntu. +KMail is a component of the Personal Information +Manager (PIM) called Kontact that +also includes calendaring, contacts, tasks, and more. + + + +To start KMail, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetMail Client, or press +AltF2, type +kmail and press the Enter key. + + + +The first time that +KMail is started, a wizard will appear to help set +up an e-mail account. If more advanced settings are needed during the +wizard steps, it is safe to cancel the wizard and manually configure the +settings. Please review below. + + + +Configuring <application>KMail</application> + +Once KMail is opened, click +SettingsConfigure +KMail to open the configuration dialog for +KMail + + + +The first step in setting up e-mail accounts is to create identities for +the accounts. The default identity can be safely modified to suit particular +needs. There are 6 tabs in the Add or Modify identity dialog. + + +Identity Add/Modify Tabs +General + + +Contains information pertaining to name, organization, and e-mail address. + + + +Cryptography + + +Contains information pertaining to OpenPGP signing +key, encryption key, S/MIME signing and encryption certificates, as well as the +preferred crypto message format. + + + +Advanced + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Templates + + +Contains information pertaining to custom templates for new messages, reply to +sender messages, and more. + + + +Signature + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a signature in e-mails. It can +be configured to use a signature file, create and use custom text, or have +KMail run a command and append the output to your +signature. + + + +Picture + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a picture when sending e-mails. + + + + + + +Once an identity or multiple identities have been set up, the next step is to +configure an account or accounts. There are 2 parts to account configuration, +one for receiving and the other for for sending. + + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Receiving e-mail account types +Local mailbox + + +An advanced setting for use with a local mailbox that is collecting messages +via another Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + + +POP3 + + +A typical setting with e-mail clients, POP3 +allows for e-mail retrieval from a remote server using an Internet connection. +POP3 briefly connects to the remote server and +downloads all new messages. + + + +IMAP + + +Another common protocol for receiving email, IMAP +stays connected to the mail server for e-mail retrieving. Unlike +POP3, IMAP allows for multiple clients to +be connected simultaneously to the same mailbox. + + + +Disconnected IMAP + + + +Disconnected IMAP is similar to IMAP. +However e-mail messages are synchronized between the server and the client, +leaving everything on the server. Both the server and the client will +have identical copies. + + + +Maildir mailbox + + +Similar to the Local mailbox, except that it uses +the Maildir format instead of the mbox format. + + + + + + +When adding an account for sending e-mail, press the +Add... in the Accounts section under +the Sending tab. A Create Outgoing +Account dialog will appear asking for the account type. + + +Sending e-mail account types +SMTP + + +SMTP allows for the use of a server provided either by an +e-mail service or an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It is +the most common account type used to send e-mail. + + + +Sendmail + + +Sendmail is a Mail Transfer Agent +(MTA) that is separate from KMail +and is used in more advanced configurations. + + + +Dummy MailTransport Resource + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +... + + + + + +Instant Messaging + +The default Instant Messaging (IM) client for Kubuntu is +Kopete. Kopete supports +many of the messaging protocols including Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, +AOL, and more. + + + +To start Kopete, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetInstant Messager. Configuring and +using Kopete is similar to most other +IM clients. + + + +More information regarding Kopete can be viewed in +its documentation. Please read the Kopete +Handbook for more information. + + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter and Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + + +Another application that is available in the repositories is +Choqok. Choqok supports +both Twitter and Identi.ca as well, and sits in the system tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/sk/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/sk/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/sk/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/sk/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,676 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Communicating With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document will present the various ways one can communicate with others +using Kubuntu. + + + + + + +E-mail + +KMail is the default e-mail client used in Kubuntu. +KMail is a component of the Personal Information +Manager (PIM) called Kontact that +also includes calendaring, contacts, tasks, and more. + + + +To start KMail, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetMail Client, or press +AltF2, type +kmail and press the Enter key. + + + +The first time that +KMail is started, a wizard will appear to help set +up an e-mail account. If more advanced settings are needed during the +wizard steps, it is safe to cancel the wizard and manually configure the +settings. Please review below. + + + +Configuring <application>KMail</application> + +Once KMail is opened, click +SettingsConfigure +KMail to open the configuration dialog for +KMail + + + +The first step in setting up e-mail accounts is to create identities for +the accounts. The default identity can be safely modified to suit particular +needs. There are 6 tabs in the Add or Modify identity dialog. + + +Identity Add/Modify Tabs +General + + +Contains information pertaining to name, organization, and e-mail address. + + + +Cryptography + + +Contains information pertaining to OpenPGP signing +key, encryption key, S/MIME signing and encryption certificates, as well as the +preferred crypto message format. + + + +Advanced + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Templates + + +Contains information pertaining to custom templates for new messages, reply to +sender messages, and more. + + + +Signature + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a signature in e-mails. It can +be configured to use a signature file, create and use custom text, or have +KMail run a command and append the output to your +signature. + + + +Picture + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a picture when sending e-mails. + + + + + + +Once an identity or multiple identities have been set up, the next step is to +configure an account or accounts. There are 2 parts to account configuration, +one for receiving and the other for for sending. + + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Receiving e-mail account types +Local mailbox + + +An advanced setting for use with a local mailbox that is collecting messages +via another Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + + +POP3 + + +A typical setting with e-mail clients, POP3 +allows for e-mail retrieval from a remote server using an Internet connection. +POP3 briefly connects to the remote server and +downloads all new messages. + + + +IMAP + + +Another common protocol for receiving email, IMAP +stays connected to the mail server for e-mail retrieving. Unlike +POP3, IMAP allows for multiple clients to +be connected simultaneously to the same mailbox. + + + +Disconnected IMAP + + + +Disconnected IMAP is similar to IMAP. +However e-mail messages are synchronized between the server and the client, +leaving everything on the server. Both the server and the client will +have identical copies. + + + +Maildir mailbox + + +Similar to the Local mailbox, except that it uses +the Maildir format instead of the mbox format. + + + + + + +When adding an account for sending e-mail, press the +Add... in the Accounts section under +the Sending tab. A Create Outgoing +Account dialog will appear asking for the account type. + + +Sending e-mail account types +SMTP + + +SMTP allows for the use of a server provided either by an +e-mail service or an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It is +the most common account type used to send e-mail. + + + +Sendmail + + +Sendmail is a Mail Transfer Agent +(MTA) that is separate from KMail +and is used in more advanced configurations. + + + +Dummy MailTransport Resource + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +... + + + + + +Instant Messaging + +The default Instant Messaging (IM) client for Kubuntu is +Kopete. Kopete supports +many of the messaging protocols including Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, +AOL, and more. + + + +To start Kopete, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetInstant Messager. Configuring and +using Kopete is similar to most other +IM clients. + + + +More information regarding Kopete can be viewed in +its documentation. Please read the Kopete +Handbook for more information. + + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter and Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + + +Another application that is available in the repositories is +Choqok. Choqok supports +both Twitter and Identi.ca as well, and sits in the system tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/sr/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/sr/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/sr/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/sr/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,676 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Communicating With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document will present the various ways one can communicate with others +using Kubuntu. + + + + + + +E-mail + +KMail is the default e-mail client used in Kubuntu. +KMail is a component of the Personal Information +Manager (PIM) called Kontact that +also includes calendaring, contacts, tasks, and more. + + + +To start KMail, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetMail Client, or press +AltF2, type +kmail and press the Enter key. + + + +The first time that +KMail is started, a wizard will appear to help set +up an e-mail account. If more advanced settings are needed during the +wizard steps, it is safe to cancel the wizard and manually configure the +settings. Please review below. + + + +Configuring <application>KMail</application> + +Once KMail is opened, click +SettingsConfigure +KMail to open the configuration dialog for +KMail + + + +The first step in setting up e-mail accounts is to create identities for +the accounts. The default identity can be safely modified to suit particular +needs. There are 6 tabs in the Add or Modify identity dialog. + + +Identity Add/Modify Tabs +General + + +Contains information pertaining to name, organization, and e-mail address. + + + +Cryptography + + +Contains information pertaining to OpenPGP signing +key, encryption key, S/MIME signing and encryption certificates, as well as the +preferred crypto message format. + + + +Advanced + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Templates + + +Contains information pertaining to custom templates for new messages, reply to +sender messages, and more. + + + +Signature + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a signature in e-mails. It can +be configured to use a signature file, create and use custom text, or have +KMail run a command and append the output to your +signature. + + + +Picture + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a picture when sending e-mails. + + + + + + +Once an identity or multiple identities have been set up, the next step is to +configure an account or accounts. There are 2 parts to account configuration, +one for receiving and the other for for sending. + + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Receiving e-mail account types +Local mailbox + + +An advanced setting for use with a local mailbox that is collecting messages +via another Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + + +POP3 + + +A typical setting with e-mail clients, POP3 +allows for e-mail retrieval from a remote server using an Internet connection. +POP3 briefly connects to the remote server and +downloads all new messages. + + + +IMAP + + +Another common protocol for receiving email, IMAP +stays connected to the mail server for e-mail retrieving. Unlike +POP3, IMAP allows for multiple clients to +be connected simultaneously to the same mailbox. + + + +Disconnected IMAP + + + +Disconnected IMAP is similar to IMAP. +However e-mail messages are synchronized between the server and the client, +leaving everything on the server. Both the server and the client will +have identical copies. + + + +Maildir mailbox + + +Similar to the Local mailbox, except that it uses +the Maildir format instead of the mbox format. + + + + + + +When adding an account for sending e-mail, press the +Add... in the Accounts section under +the Sending tab. A Create Outgoing +Account dialog will appear asking for the account type. + + +Sending e-mail account types +SMTP + + +SMTP allows for the use of a server provided either by an +e-mail service or an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It is +the most common account type used to send e-mail. + + + +Sendmail + + +Sendmail is a Mail Transfer Agent +(MTA) that is separate from KMail +and is used in more advanced configurations. + + + +Dummy MailTransport Resource + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +... + + + + + +Instant Messaging + +The default Instant Messaging (IM) client for Kubuntu is +Kopete. Kopete supports +many of the messaging protocols including Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, +AOL, and more. + + + +To start Kopete, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetInstant Messager. Configuring and +using Kopete is similar to most other +IM clients. + + + +More information regarding Kopete can be viewed in +its documentation. Please read the Kopete +Handbook for more information. + + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter and Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + + +Another application that is available in the repositories is +Choqok. Choqok supports +both Twitter and Identi.ca as well, and sits in the system tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/sv/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/sv/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/sv/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/sv/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,658 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kommunicera med <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument kommer att presentera de olika sätt som man kan kommunicera med andra när man använder Kubuntu. + + + + + +E-post +Kmail är den förvalda e-postklienten som används i Kubuntu. KMail är en del av personliga informationshanteraren (PIM) som kallas för Kontact det inkluderar även kalender, kontakter, uppgifter och mer. + +För att starta KMail, gå till Kickoff programstartarenProgramInternetE-postklient, eller tryck på AltF2, skriv kmail och tryck på tangenten Enter. + + +The first time that +KMail is started, a wizard will appear to help set +up an e-mail account. If more advanced settings are needed during the +wizard steps, it is safe to cancel the wizard and manually configure the +settings. Please review below. + + + +Konfigurera <application>KMail</application> + +Once KMail is opened, click +SettingsConfigure +KMail to open the configuration dialog for +KMail + + + +The first step in setting up e-mail accounts is to create identities for +the accounts. The default identity can be safely modified to suit particular +needs. There are 6 tabs in the Add or Modify identity dialog. + + +Identity Add/Modify Tabs +Allmänt + +Innehåller information om namn, organisation och e-postadress. + + +Kryptografi + + +Contains information pertaining to OpenPGP signing +key, encryption key, S/MIME signing and encryption certificates, as well as the +preferred crypto message format. + + + +Avancerat + + +Contains information pertaining to reply-to and BCC +addresses, the dictionary to use, and folder locations for sent-mail, drafts, +and templates. + + + +Mallar + + +Contains information pertaining to custom templates for new messages, reply to +sender messages, and more. + + + +Signatur + + +Contains information pertaining to the use of a signature in e-mails. It can +be configured to use a signature file, create and use custom text, or have +KMail run a command and append the output to your +signature. + + + +Bilder + +Innehåller information om användningen av en bild när du skickar e-post. + + + + + +Once an identity or multiple identities have been set up, the next step is to +configure an account or accounts. There are 2 parts to account configuration, +one for receiving and the other for for sending. + + + +When adding an account for receiving e-mail, press the +Add... under the Accounts section. +A dialog will appear asking for the Account Type. + + +Receiving e-mail account types +Lokal brevlåda + + +An advanced setting for use with a local mailbox that is collecting messages +via another Mail Transfer Agent (MTA). + + + +POP3 + + +A typical setting with e-mail clients, POP3 +allows for e-mail retrieval from a remote server using an Internet connection. +POP3 briefly connects to the remote server and +downloads all new messages. + + + +IMAP + + +Another common protocol for receiving email, IMAP +stays connected to the mail server for e-mail retrieving. Unlike +POP3, IMAP allows for multiple clients to +be connected simultaneously to the same mailbox. + + + +Nerkopplad IMAP + + + +Disconnected IMAP is similar to IMAP. +However e-mail messages are synchronized between the server and the client, +leaving everything on the server. Both the server and the client will +have identical copies. + + + +Maildir-brevlåda + + +Similar to the Local mailbox, except that it uses +the Maildir format instead of the mbox format. + + + + + + +When adding an account for sending e-mail, press the +Add... in the Accounts section under +the Sending tab. A Create Outgoing +Account dialog will appear asking for the account type. + + +Sending e-mail account types +SMTP + + +SMTP allows for the use of a server provided either by an +e-mail service or an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It is +the most common account type used to send e-mail. + + + +Sendmail + + +Sendmail is a Mail Transfer Agent +(MTA) that is separate from KMail +and is used in more advanced configurations. + + + +E-postsändningsresurs för test + + +A dummy resource implementing mail transport interface. It should only be used +by those who are experienced with it. + + + + + + +The rest of the configuration options for KMail +pertain to security and layout. In most situations, the defaults are fine, +however KMail can be configured to suit particular +needs. + + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +... + + + + +Snabbmeddelanden + +The default Instant Messaging (IM) client for Kubuntu is +Kopete. Kopete supports +many of the messaging protocols including Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, +AOL, and more. + + + +To start Kopete, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetInstant Messager. Configuring and +using Kopete is similar to most other +IM clients. + + + +More information regarding Kopete can be viewed in +its documentation. Please read the Kopete +Handbook for more information. + + + + + +Microblogging - Twitter and Identi.ca + +Kubuntu ships with the Microblogging Plasma Widget +which supports both Twitter and Identi.ca. To add the desktop widget, +simply right click on the desktop, and select +Add Widgets.... Simply click and drag the +widget to the desktop and configure it for either Twitter or Identi.ca. + + +Another application that is available in the repositories is +Choqok. Choqok supports +both Twitter and Identi.ca as well, and sits in the system tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/uk/communication.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/uk/communication.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/communication/uk/communication.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/communication/uk/communication.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,554 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Спілкування за допомогою <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документів наведено відомості щодо способів спілкування за допомогою Kubuntu. + + + + + +Електронна пошта +KMail є типовою програмою для роботи з електронною поштою у Kubuntu. KMail є компонентом комплексу для керування особистою інформацією, що називається Kontact. До складу цього комплексу входять також програми для роботи з календарем, записами контактів, щоденник тощо. + +Щоб запустити програму KMail, скористайтеся пунктом меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетПоштовий клієнт або натисніть комбінацію клавіш AltF2, введіть kmail і натисніть клавішу Enter. + +Під час першого запуску KMail буде відкрито вікно майстра налаштування, яке допоможе вам налаштувати ваш обліковий запис електронної пошти. Якщо під час налаштування ви зрозумієте, що вам потрібні додаткові параметри, ви можете безпечно перервати роботу майстра і налаштувати параметри вручну. Будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом наведеним нижче. + + +Налаштування <application>KMail</application> +Після того, як системою буде відкрито вікно KMail, скористайтеся пунктом меню ПараметриНалаштувати KMail, щоб відкрити діалогове вікно налаштування KMail + +Першим кроком налаштування облікових записів електронної пошти є створення профілів облікових записів. Параметри типового профілю можна безпечно змінювати згідно до ваших потреб. У діалоговому вікні додавання і зміни профілів передбачено 6 вкладок. + +Вкладки додавання зміни профілю +Загальне + +Містить відомості щодо назви, установи та адреси електронної пошти профілю. + + +Криптографія + +Містить відомості щодо ключа підписування OpenPGP, ключа шифрування, сертифікатів підписування та шифрування S/MIME, а також параметри бажаного формату шифрування повідомлень. + + +Додатково + +Містить відомості, що стосуються адрес надсилання відповідей на ваші повідомлення, адреси надсилання додаткової копії, словника перевірки правопису та розташування тек надісланих повідомлень, чернеток та шаблонів. + + +Шаблони + +Містить відомості щодо нетипових шаблонів нових повідомлень, повідомлень відповіді відправникові тощо. + + +Підпис + +Містить відомості щодо використання підписів у повідомленнях електронної пошти. Можна налаштувати програму на використання файла підпису, створення і використання нетипового тексту або наказати KMail виконати команду і додати виведені нею дані до вашого підпису. + + +Зображення + +Містить відомості щодо використання зображення під час надсилання повідомлень електронної пошти. + + + + +Після налаштування профілю або декількох профілів слід налаштувати обліковий запис або облікові записи. Існує два розділи облікового запису, які слід налаштувати: параметри отримання та параметри надсилання електронної пошти. + +Щоб додати обліковий запис отримання електронної пошти, натисніть кнопку Додати... у розділі Облікові записи. Буде відкрито діалогове вікно, у якому програма запитає вас про Тип облікового запису. + +Типи облікових записів отримання електронної пошти +Локальна поштова скринька + +Варіант для досвідчених користувачів. Використання локальної поштової скриньки (файла mailbox) для накопичення повідомлень за допомогою агента передавання пошти (Mail Transfer Agent або MTA). + + +POP3 + +Типовий варіант для клієнтських частин електронної пошти. POP3 передбачає отримання електронної пошти з віддаленого сервера за допомогою інтернет-з’єднання. Клієнти POP3 з’єднуються з віддаленим сервером і звантажують нові повідомлення. + + +IMAP + +Ще один поширений протокол отримання електронної пошти. IMAP підтримує з’єднання з поштовим сервером для отримання повідомлень електронної пошти. На відміну від POP3, у IMAP передбачено можливість одночасного з’єднання декількох клієнтських програм з однією поштовою скринькою. + + +Від’єднаний IMAP + + +Протокол від’єднаного IMAP подібний до звичайного IMAP, але за його використання повідомлення електронної пошти синхронізуються між сервером і клієнтом, без зміни даних на сервері. На сервері і на клієнтському комп’ютері зберігають ідентичні копії поштової скриньки. + + +Поштова скринька Maildir + +Подібний до Локальної поштової скриньки, але побудований на використанні формату Maildir, а не формату mbox. + + + + +Щоб додати обліковий запис надсилання електронної пошти, натисніть кнопку Додати.. у розділі Облікові записи вкладки Надсилання. Буде відкрито діалогове вікно створення облікового запису вихідної пошти, у якому програма запитає вас про тип облікового запису. + +Типи облікових записів надсилання електронної пошти +SMTP + +SMTP надає змогу користуватися або локальним сервером обслуговування пошти або поштовою службою постачaльника послуг інтернет. Цей тип є найпоширенішим типом облікових записів для надсилання електронної пошти. + + +Sendmail + +Sendmail є агентом (допоміжною програмою) пересилання пошти, окремою від KMail. Цією програмою користуються для реалізації складних схем пересилання пошти. + + +Тестовий ресурс MailTransport + +Тестовий ресурс, що реалізує інтерфейс пересилання пошти. Користуватися ним варто лише добре ознайомленим спеціалістам. + + + + +Решта параметрів налаштування KMail стосуються безпеки і компонування вікна програми. Вам не варто змінювати типових налаштувань, якщо ви не певні, але KMail можна налаштувати так, щоб програма повністю відповідала вашим уподобанням. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +Типовою клієнтською програмою IRC у Kubuntu є Quassel. Все ж, як координатор перекладу KDE, я радив би вам встановити Konversation. Ця програма має кращий український переклад (вибачте, не було часу потестувати Quassel) і повністю перекладену довідку до програми. + + + + +Миттєвий обмін повідомленнями +Типовою клієнтською програмою для миттєвого обміну повідомленнями у Kubuntu є Kopete. У Kopete передбачено підтримку багатьох протоколів обміну повідомленнями, зокрема Yahoo, Google Talk, MSN, ICQ, Jabber, AOL тощо. + +Щоб запустити програму Kopete, скористайтеся пунктом меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетПрограма для миттєвого зв’язку. Налаштування та користування Kopete подібне до більшості інших клієнтських програм обміну миттєвими повідомленнями. + +Докладніше про роботу Kopete можна дізнатися з документації до програми. Будь ласка, ознайомтеся з Підручником з Kopete. + + + + +Ведення мікроблогів — Twitter і Identi.ca +Типовим інструментом Kubuntu для ведення мікроблогів є Віджет ведення мікроблогів Плазми, у якому передбачено підтримку служб Twitter і Identi.ca. Щоб додати цей віджет на стільницю, просто наведіть вказівник миші на вільне місце стільниці і клацніть правою кнопкою миші. Виберіть пункт Додати віджети..., перетягніть відповідний віджет на стільницю і налаштуйте його на використання Twitter або Identi.ca. +Ще однією програмою для ведення мікроблогів, яку можна встановити зі сховищ дистрибутива, є Choqok. У Choqok передбачено підтримку Twitter і Identi.ca, програма може працювати у системному лотку. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/de/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/de/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/de/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/de/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,507 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-Projektkontakte +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument stellt einen Überblick zu den Wegen bereit, wie man mit dem Kubuntu-Projekt in Kontakt treten kann, egal ob Sie Unterstützung oder nach einem Weg zum Beitragen suchen. + + + +Momentan gibt es zwei Wege um mit dem Kubuntu-Projekt in Kontakt zu treten. Der eine sind Mailinglisten (E-Mail), der andere ist der Internetchat (Internet Relay Chat IRC). IRC ist eine Form der Echtzeitkommunikation und ist der schnellste Weg, um mit dem Kubuntu-Projekt zu kommunizieren. + + +Mailinglisten +Eines der Hauptwerkzeuge, die das Kubuntu-Projekt zur Kommunikation nutzt, sind Mailinglisten. Mailinglisten ermöglichen es, Diskussionen mittels E-Mails zu führen. +Zuerst Abonnieren +Um Mailinglisten richtig zu nutzen, wird empfohlen, dass man die Listen, an denen man interessiert ist, abonniert. Abonnieren ermöglicht es eine Nachricht ohne Warten auf Erlaubnis zu veröffentlichen. Zusätzlich erhält man Nachrichten von anderen Abonnenten der Mailingliste. + +Überprüfen Sie zuerst das Archiv +Bevor Sie eine Nachricht senden, können Sie überprüfen, ob das Thema in der Vergangenheit aufkam. Im folgenden Abschnitt ist auch ein Link für Sie zum Anschauen verfügbar. + +Benutzten Sie Google um die Archive zu durchsuchen +Benutzten Sie Google um die Archive zu durchsuchen; tippen Sie dazu in die Suchzeile site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> Suchbegriff ein. + + +Mailingliste für Unterstützung zu <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu-Nutzer Technische Hilfe +Abonnieren-URL + + + + + + +Archiv-URL + + + + + + + + + +Mailingliste für die <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-Entwicklung +Kubuntu-Entwicklerdiskussion +Abonnieren-URL + + + + + + +Archiv-URL + + + + + + + + + +Andere Nicht-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-Mailinglisten +Einen Überblick über andere Mailinglisten, die für die Ubuntu- und Kubuntu-Nutzer verfügbar sind, findet man unter . +Launchpad-Projekte haben auch Mailinglisten +Einige der Projekte auf Launchpad haben auch Mailinglisten. Wenn man einem Projekt beitritt, wird empfohlen zu prüfen, ob es eine Mailingliste zu abonnieren gibt. + + + + + +Internetchat (Internet Relay Chat <acronym>IRC</acronym>) +IRC erlaubt es Ihnen in Echtzeit mit vielen anderen, die auch IRC nutzen und in den selben Netzwerken und Kanälen wie Sie online sind, zu kommunizieren. +Mehr Informationen zu IRC finden Sie unter Kommunikation. Für weitergehende Informationen und die Liste der Kanäle lesen Sie bitte Internetchat (englisch) im Netz. +Netzwerke für <acronym>IRC</acronym> +Alle Ubuntu- und Kubuntu-Kanäle sind im freenode-Netzwerk beheimatet. Die Serveradresse, die Sie mit Ihrem IRC-Programm einstellen müssen, ist irc.freenode.net, der Port zur Nutzung mit der höchsten Sicherheit ist 8001. + +Kubuntu-<acronym>IRC</acronym>-Kanäle +Kanal für Kubuntu-Benutzerunterstützung + +#kubuntu-de – Deutsche Unterstützung; #kubuntu – Englische Unterstützung + + +Kubuntu-Entwicklerkanal + +#kubuntu-devel – Englisch + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/es/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/es/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/es/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/es/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contactos del proyecto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona un resumen de las vías por la puede tener contacto con el proyecto Kubuntu, tanto si es para soporte o si mira como contribuir. + + + +Actualmente hay dos maneras de contactar con el Proyecto Kubuntu, listas de correo y transmisión de charla por internet (IRC). IRC es una forma de comunicación en tiempo real, y es la manera más rápida de comunicarse con el Proyecto Kubuntu + + +Listas de correo +Una de las herramientas principales que el proyecto Kubuntu utiliza para comunicarse son las listas de correos. Las listas de correos permiten la discusión mediante correo electrónico. +Suscribirse primero +Con el fin de usar correctamente las listas de correos, es recomendable que se suscriba a la lista en la que esté interesado. Suscribirse le permite enviar un mensaje sin tener que ser colocado en una cola para ser autorizado y además le permite recibir mensajes provenientes de otras personas que también están suscritas a la lista de correo. + +Comprobar el archivador primero +Antes de enviar un mensaje, puede revisar si el tema ha sido planteado en el pasado, en la siguiente sección un vínculo se pondrá a su disposición para que lo vea. + +Usar Google para buscar archivos +Para usar Google para buscar archivos, en la caja de búsqueda, escriba site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + +Lista de correo para soporte <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Soporte técnico de usuario Kubuntu +Subscribir URL + + + + + + +Archivador URL + + + + + + + + + +Lista de correo para desarrollo de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Discusión de desarrolladores de Kubuntu +Subscribir URL + + + + + + +Archivadores URL + + + + + + + + + +Otras listas de correo no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para buscar otras lista de correo disponibles en la comunidad de Ubuntu y Kubuntu, vaya a . +Los proyectos de Launchpad también tienen listas +Algunos proyectos en Launchpad tienen listas de correos también. Cuando se una a un proyecto, compruebe si tienen una lista a la que pueda suscribirse. + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +IRC le permite comunicar en tiempo real con muchos otros quien también están usando IRC y estén en la misma red y canal que estas usted. +Para mayor información con respecto a IRC, por favor revise Temas de Comunicación. Para aún más información y una completa lista de canales, por favor leaInternet Relay Chat en línea. +Red usada por <acronym>IRC</acronym> +Todos los canales de Ubuntu y Kubuntu están ubicados en la red Freenode. La dirección de servidor a usar con su cliente IRC es irc.freenode.net, el puerto más seguro para usar es 8001. + +Canales <acronym>IRC</acronym> de Kubuntu +Canal de soporte de usuario de Kubuntu + +#kubuntu + + +Canal de desarrolladores de Kubuntu + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/et/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/et/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/et/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/et/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> projekti kontaktid +&legalnotice; + +See dokument annab ülevaate moodustest kuidas Kubuntu projektiga ühendust võtta. Pole vahet kas vajad tuge või tahad kaasa aidata. + + + +Kubuntu projektiga ühenduse võtmiseks on hetkel kaks viisi. Need on e-posti loendid (e-post) ning rühmadiskussioonivahendid (IRC). IRC on reaalajas suhtlemise viis ning kiireim viis suhelda Kubuntu projektiga + + +Postiloendid +Üks peamiseid Kubuntu projekti tööriistu, mis on kasutusel suhtlemiseks, on e-posti loendid. E-posti loendid lubavad diskussioone, kasutades selleks e-posti. +Esmalt registreeru +Selleks, et e-posti loendeid õigesti kasutada, on soovitatav liituda sind huvitava loendiga. Loendiga liitumine lubab sul postitada sõnumeid, ilma et istuksid autoriseerimise järjekorras ning lubab sul vastu võtta samas loendis olevate teiste kasutajate poolt sõnumeid. + +Esmalt kontrolli arhiivi +Enne sõnumi saatmist võid kontrollida, kas sellest teemast on enne räägitud, järgnevates lõikudes lisatakse ka sinule vaatamiseks link. + +Arhiivide otsimiseks kasuta Google'it +Arhiivide otsimiseks trüki Google'i otsingukasti site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> otsingu- +sõnad. + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> toe postiloend +Kubuntu kasutaja tehniline tugi +Tellimise URL + + + + + + +Arhiivi URL + + + + + + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> arenduse postiloend +Kubuntu arenduse arutelu +Tellimise URL + + + + + + +Arhiivide URL + + + + + + + + + +Teised mitte-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> postiloendid +Teiste saadavalolevate postiloendite läbivaatamiseks Ubuntu ja Kubuntu kogukondades tuleks minna . +Launcpadi projektidel on samuti loendid +Mõnedel Launchpadi projektidel on samuti olemas postiloendid. Kui liitud projektiga, vaata kas seal on loend, millega on võimalik liituda. + + + + + +Rühmadiskussioon Internetis (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +IRC võimaldab sul suhelda reaalajas paljude teistega, kes samuti kasutavad IRC-d ning on samas võrgus ja kanalis, kus sinagi. +Rohkema informatsiooni IRC kohta saamiseks vaata Kommunikatsiooni peatükki. Veel rohkema info ja kogu kanalite loendi saamiseks loe Rühmadiskussioon võrgus. +<acronym>IRC</acronym> jaoks kasutatav võrk +Kõik Ubuntu ja Kubuntu kanalid on freenode networkis. Serveri aadress, mida kasutad IRC kliendis, on irc.freenode.net ja kõige turvalisem port on 8001. + +Kubuntu <acronym>IRC</acronym> kanalid +Kubuntu kasutajatoe kanal + +#kubuntu + + +Kubuntu arendajate kanal + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/fr/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/fr/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/fr/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/fr/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,528 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contacts pour le projet <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document expose succinctement les méthodes pour entrer en contact avec le projet Kubuntu, que ce soit pour chercher de l'aide ou pour y contribuer. + + + +Il y a actuellement deux méthodes pour entrer en contact avec le projet Kubuntu, les listes de diffusion (mél) et l'Internet Relay Chat (IRC). IRC est une forme de communication en temps-réel, et est le moyen le plus rapide de communiquer avec le projet Kubuntu. + + +Listes de Diffusion +Les listes de diffusion sont un des principaux outils de communication utilisés par le projet Kubuntu. Elles permettent de discuter en utilisant le courrier électronique. +Vous devez tout d'abord voys y inscrire. +Afin d'utiliser correctement les listes de diffusion, il est recommandé de vous inscrire à la liste qui vous intéresse. L'inscription vous permet d'envoyer un message sans avec à passer par une liste d'attente pour être autorisé. Elle vous permet aussi de recevoir les messages d'autres abonnés à la liste. + +Consultez d'abord les archives + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Utilisez Google pour rechercher dans les archives +Utiliser Google pour rechercher dans les archives : dans la boîte de recherche, saisissez site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> mots-clé +de recherche. + + +Liste de diffusion d'aide sur <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Support technique par et pour les utilisateurs Kubuntu +URL pour l'inscription + + + + + + +URL des archives + + + + + + + + + +Liste de diffusion sur le développement de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Discussion entre développeurs Kubuntu +URL pour l'inscription + + + + + + +URL des archives + + + + + + + + + +Autres listes de diffusion non-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Les projets Launchpad ont aussi des listes de diffusion +Certains des projets sur Launchpad ont aussi des listes de diffusion. Quand vous rejoignez un projet, vérifiez si vous pouvez vous inscrire sur une liste. + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +IRC vous permet de communiquer en temps réel avec de nombreux autres utilisateurs d'IRC, losrqu'ils sont sur les mêmes réseaux et canaux de discussion que vous. + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Réseau utilisé pour <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Canaux <acronym>IRC</acronym> Kubuntu +Kubuntu user support channel + + +#kubuntu + + + +Canal pour les développeurs Kubuntu + + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/gl/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/gl/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/gl/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/gl/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,549 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contactos do proxecto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento fornece un resumo dos medios polos que se pode ter contacto co proxecto Kubuntu, tanto se é para obter asistencia como por se quixera colaborar. + + + + +There are currently two ways in order to make contact with the Kubuntu +Project, mailing lists (e-mail) and Internet Relay Chat +(IRC). IRC is a form of real-time +communication, and is the quickest way to communicate with the Kubuntu Project + + + +Listas de correo + +One of the main tools that the Kubuntu Project utilizes for communicating are +mailing lists. Mailing lists allow for discussion using e-mail. + +Suscribirse antes + +In order to properly use the mailing lists, it is recommended that you subscribe +to the list you are interested in. Subscribing allows you to post a message +without having it sit in a queue to be authorized and it also allows you to +receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list. + + +Comprobar antes o arquivo + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Usar Google para buscar arquivos + +Using Google to search the archives, +in the search box, type +site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + + +Lista de correo para asistencia de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Soporte técnico de usuario de Kubuntu +Subscribir URL + + + + + + +Arquivo URL + + + + + + + + + +Lista de correo para desenvolvemento de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Discusión de desenvolvedores de Kubuntu +Subscribir URL + + + + + + +Arquivos URL + + + + + + + + + +Outras listas de correo no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Os proxectos de Launchpad tamén teñen listas + +Some of the projects on Launchpad +have mailing lists as well. When you join a project, check to see if they have a +list for you to subscribe to. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +IRC allows you to communicate in a real-time fashion with +many others who are also using IRC and are on the same +networks and channels that you are on. + + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Rede usada por <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Canles <acronym>IRC</acronym> de Kubuntu +Canle de asistencia ao usuario de Kubuntu + +#kubuntu + + +Canle de desenvolvedores de Kubuntu + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/it/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/it/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/it/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/it/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contatti del progetto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento fornisce una panoramica sui modi in cui mettersi in contatto col progetto Kubuntu, sia per assistenza, sia per richiesta di collaborazione. + + + +Esistono, al momento, due modi per mettersi in contatto col progetto Kubuntu, le mailing list (posta elettronica) e Internet Relay Chat (IRC). IRC è una forma di comunicazione in tempo reale, ed è la via più veloce per comunicare col progetto Kubuntu. + + +Mailing list +Le mailing list sono uno degli strumenti principali che il progetto Kubuntu utilizza per comunicare. Le mailing list permettono di comunicare tramite posta elettronica. +Prima iscrivetevi +Affinché possiate utilizzare correttamente le mailing list, raccomandiamo di iscrivervi alla lista cui siete interessati. L'iscrizione consente di inviare un messaggio senza essere inseriti in una coda in attesa di autorizzazione, e permette anche di ricevere messaggi dagli altri sottoscrittori della lista. + +Controllate prima l'archivio +Prima di inviare un messaggio, potete controllare per vedere se l'argomento è stato già trattato in passato, nelle seguenti sezioni vi sarà fornito anche un collegamento per la consultazione. + +Usate Google per ricercare negli archivi +Per usare Google per la ricerca degli archivi, nella casella di ricerca digitate site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> termini +di ricerca. + + +Mailing list per l'assistenza in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Assistenza tecnica Kubuntu per gli utenti +URL dell'iscrizione + + + + + + +URL dell'archivio + + + + + + + + + +Mailing list per lo sviluppo di <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Discussioni degli sviluppatori di Kubuntu +URL dell'iscrizione + + + + + + +URL degli archivi + + + + + + + + + +Altre mailing list non di <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Per dare uno sguardo alle altre mailing list disponibili nelle comunità Ubuntu e Kubuntu, visitare . +Anche i progetti Launchpad possiedono liste +Anche alcuni progetti in Launchpad hanno mailing list. Quando vi unite a un progetto, verificate se esso possiede una lista cui iscrivervi. + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +IRC vi permette di comunicare in tempo reale con molti altri utenti che utilizzano IRC e sono nelle stesse reti e canali in cui siete presenti. +Per maggiori informazioni su IRC, consultate l'argomento Comunicazioni. Per ulteriori informazioni e un elenco completo dei canali, consultate in rete Internet Relay Chat. +Rete usata per <acronym>IRC</acronym> +Tutti i canali Ubuntu e Kubuntu sono situati nella rete freenode. L'indirizzo del server da usare col vostro client IRC è irc.freenode.net, mentre la porta più sicura da utilizzare è la 8001. + +Canali <acronym>IRC</acronym> di Kubuntu +Canale per il supporto utente di Kubuntu + +#kubuntu + + +Canale degli sviluppatori di Kubuntu + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/km/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/km/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/km/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/km/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជា​មួយ​គម្រោង​របស់​<phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​នៃ​មធ្យោបាយ​ដែល​អ្នក​អាច​ធ្វើ​ការ​ទំនាក់​ទំនងជា​មួយ​គម្រោង​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ បាន ថា​តើ​វា​គឺ​សម្រាប់ការ​គាំទ្រ ឬ​ក៏​អ្នក​ចង់​ចូល​រួម ។ + + + +បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ មាន​មធ្យោបាយ​ពីរ​ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ការ​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជា​មួយ​គម្រោង​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ គឺ​ បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ (អ៊ីមែល​) និង​ Internet Relay Chat (IRC) ។ IRC ជា​ទម្រង់​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ដែល​មានពេល​វេលា​ពិតប្រាកដ និង​ជា​មធ្យោបាយ​រហ័ស​សម្រាប់​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជា​មួយ​គម្រោង​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ + + +បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម +កម្មវិធី​សំខាន់​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​កម្មវិធីដែល​គម្រោង​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​សម្រាប់​ធ្វើ​ការ​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​គឺ​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ ។ បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ធ្វើ​ការ​ពិភាក្សា​ដោយ​ប្រើ​អ៊ីមែល​បាន​ ។ +ជាវ​ជា​មុន +ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​ថា អ្នក​ត្រូវ​តែ​ជាវ​បញ្ជី​ដែល​អ្នក​ចាប់​អារម្មណ៍​ជា​មុន​សិន​ ។ ការ​ជាវ​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ប្រកាស​សារ​ដោយ​មិន​ចាំបាច់​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​វា​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ជា​ជួរ​ដូច​ដែល​បាន​អនុញ្ញាត ហើយ​វា​ក៏​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ទទួល​សារ​ពី​អ្នក​ដែល​បាន​ជាវ​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ផង​ដែរ​ ។ + +ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ប័ណ្ណ​សារ​ជា​មុន +មុន​នឹង​ផ្ញើសារ​ អ្នក​អាច​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ថា​ តើ​ប្រធាន​បទ​ត្រូវ​បាន​លើក​យក​មក​និយាយ​ពីមុន​ឬ​អត់​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ខាង​ក្រោម​ តំណ​នឹង​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​ផង​ដែរ​សម្រាប់ឲ្យ​​អ្នកមើល​ ។ + +ប្រើ​ Google ដើម្បី​ស្វែង​រក​ប័ណ្ណសារ +ប្រើ​ Google ដើម្បី​ស្វែង​រក​ប័ណ្ណសារ​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ស្វែង​រក វាយ​ site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms ។ + + +បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​សម្រាប់​គាំទ្រ​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ​</phrase> +ការគាំទ្រ​ផ្នែក​បច្ចេក​ទេស​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​គូប៊ុនទូ +ជាវ​ URL + + + + + + +ប័ណ្ណសារ​ URL + + + + + + + + + +បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​សម្រាប់​ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +កិច្ច​ពិភាក្សា​របស់​អ្ន​កអភិវឌ្ឍន៍​គូប៊ុនទូ +ជាវ​ URL + + + + + + +ប័ណ្ណសារ​ URL + + + + + + + + + +បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ដែលមិន​មែន​ជា​<phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +ដើម្បី​រក​មើល​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​អាច​មាន​សម្រាប់​សហគមន៍​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ +គម្រោង​របស់​ Launchpad ក៏​មាន​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ផង​ដែរ +គម្រោង​មួយ​ចំនួន​នៅ​លើ​ Launchpad ក៏​មាន​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ផង​ដែរ ។ ពេល​ដែល​អ្នក​ចូល​រួម​ជា​មួយ​គម្រោង​ ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ថា ពួក​គេ​មាន​បញ្ជី​សម្រាប់​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ជាវ​ឬ​អត់ ។ + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +IRC អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ធ្វើ​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ក្នុង​របៀប​ដែល​មានពេល​វេលា​ពិតប្រាកដ​ជា​មួយ​មនុស្ស​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត​ដែល​កំពុង​តែ​ប្រើ​ IRC និង​ស្ថិត​នៅ​លើ​ឆានែល និង​បណ្តាញ​តែ​មួយ​ដូច​អ្នក​ដែរ ។ +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ IRC សូម​មើល​ ប្រធា​ន​បទ​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ ។ សម្រាប់​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​លម្អិត​ជាង​នេះ និង​សម្រាប់​បញ្ជី​ឆានែល​ទាំង​មូល​ សូម​អាន​ Internet Relay Chat តាម​បណ្តាញ ។ +បណ្តាញ​ដែល​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​ <acronym>IRC</acronym> +ឆានែល​ទាំង​អស់​របស់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ និង​គូប៊ុនទូ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​លើ​ បណ្តាញ freenode ។ អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​សម្រាប់​ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ IRC គឺ​ irc.freenode.net ច្រក​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ ដែល​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​បំផុត​គឺ​ ៨០០១ ។ + +ឆានែល​ <acronym>IRC</acronym> របស់​គូប៊ុនទូ +ឆានែល​គាំទ្រ​សម្រាប់​អ្នកប្រើ​គូប៊ុនទូ + +#kubuntu + + +ឆានែល​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​គូប៊ុនទូ + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/oc/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/oc/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/oc/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/oc/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,555 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project Contacts +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the ways you can get in contact with the +Kubuntu Project, whether it is for support or if you are looking to +contribute. + + + + + +There are currently two ways in order to make contact with the Kubuntu +Project, mailing lists (e-mail) and Internet Relay Chat +(IRC). IRC is a form of real-time +communication, and is the quickest way to communicate with the Kubuntu Project + + + +Listas de difusion + +One of the main tools that the Kubuntu Project utilizes for communicating are +mailing lists. Mailing lists allow for discussion using e-mail. + +Subscribe First + +In order to properly use the mailing lists, it is recommended that you subscribe +to the list you are interested in. Subscribing allows you to post a message +without having it sit in a queue to be authorized and it also allows you to +receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list. + + +Check the archive first + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Use Google to search the archives + +Using Google to search the archives, +in the search box, type +site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> support +Kubuntu user technical support +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archive URL + + + + + + + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> development +Kubuntu developer discussion +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archives URL + + + + + + + + + +Other non-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> mailing lists + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Launchpad projects have lists too + +Some of the projects on Launchpad +have mailing lists as well. When you join a project, check to see if they have a +list for you to subscribe to. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +IRC allows you to communicate in a real-time fashion with +many others who are also using IRC and are on the same +networks and channels that you are on. + + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Network used for <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Kubuntu <acronym>IRC</acronym> channels +Kubuntu user support channel + +#kubuntu + + +Kubuntu developers channel + + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/pt_BR/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/pt_BR/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/pt_BR/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/pt_BR/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contatos do projeto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento aborda como entrar em contato com o projeto Kubuntu, seja para obter suporte, ou para contribuir. + + + +Atualmente existem duas formas de se obter contato com o projeto Kubuntu: Listas de email, e IRC Internet Relay Chat. O IRC é uma forma de comunicação em tempo real, e a mais rápida dentre as duas. + + +Listas de e-mai +Uma das principais ferramentas de comunicação utilizadas pelo projeto Kubuntu são as listas de e-mail. Essas listas permitem o desenvolvimento de uma discussão utilizando e-mail. +Inscrever primeiro +A fim de usar corretamente as listas de discussão, é recomendado que você se inscreva na lista em que está interessado.Inscrever-se permite a você postar uma mensagem sem ter que entrar em uma fila para ser autorizado e também lhe permite receber mensagens de outros que também estão escritos na lista de discussão. + +Verifique primeiramente os arquivos +Antes de enviar uma mensagem, você pode verificar se o tópico foi levantado no passado, nas seções a seguir um link irá também estar disponível para você ver. + +Utilize o Google para buscar nos arquivos +Usando o Google para pesquisar os arquivos, na caixa de pesquisa, digite site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + +Lista de e-mails para suporte do <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Suporte técnico ao usuário Kubuntu +Inscreva-se em URL + + + + + + +Arquivo URL + + + + + + + + + +Lista de discussão para desenvolvimento do <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Discussão de desenvolvimento do Kubuntu +Inscreva-se em URL + + + + + + +Arquivos URL + + + + + + + + + +Outras listas de discussão não relativas ao <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para olhar outras listas de discussão disponíveis para comunidades Ubuntu e Kubuntu, por favor acesse . +Projetos no Launchpad também possuem listas +Muitos dos projetos no Launchpad tem listas de e-mail. Quando entrar em um projeto, verifique se ele não tem uma lista para você se inscrever. + + + + + +Bate-papo retransmitido pela internet (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +IRC permite a você comunicar-se em tempo real com muitos outros que também estão usando IRC e estão na mesma rede e no mesmo canal em que você está . +Para informações sobre IRC, por favor visite Comunicações. Para mais informações ou a lista completa de canais, acesse Internet Relay Chat. +Rede usada para <acronym>IRC</acronym> +Todos os canais do Ubuntu e do Kubuntu estão na rede Freenode. O servidor a usar com o seu cliente de IRC é o irc.freenode.net, a porta a usar é a 8001, a mais segura. + +Canais <acronym>IRC</acronym> do Kubuntu +Canal de suporte do usuário Kubuntu + +#kubuntu + + +Canal de desenvolvedores Kubuntu + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/ru/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/ru/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/ru/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/ru/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,550 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Контакты проекта <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the ways you can get in contact with the +Kubuntu Project, whether it is for support or if you are looking to +contribute. + + + + + +There are currently two ways in order to make contact with the Kubuntu +Project, mailing lists (e-mail) and Internet Relay Chat +(IRC). IRC is a form of real-time +communication, and is the quickest way to communicate with the Kubuntu Project + + + +Mailing Lists +Одним из основных вариантов, используемых для общения внутри проекта Kubuntu, являются списки рассылок. Они позволяют поддерживать обсуждение средствами электронной почты. +Subscribe First + +In order to properly use the mailing lists, it is recommended that you subscribe +to the list you are interested in. Subscribing allows you to post a message +without having it sit in a queue to be authorized and it also allows you to +receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list. + + +Check the archive first + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Use Google to search the archives + +Using Google to search the archives, +in the search box, type +site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> support +Техническая поддержка пользователей Kubuntu +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archive URL + + + + + + + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> development +Kubuntu developer discussion +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archives URL + + + + + + + + + +Other non-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> mailing lists + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Проекты Launchpad тоже имеют рассылки + +Some of the projects on Launchpad +have mailing lists as well. When you join a project, check to see if they have a +list for you to subscribe to. + + + + + + +Ретранслируемый Интернет-чат (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +IRC allows you to communicate in a real-time fashion with +many others who are also using IRC and are on the same +networks and channels that you are on. + + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Network used for <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Каналы Kubuntu <acronym>IRC</acronym> +Канал поддержки пользователей Kubuntu + +#kubuntu + + +Канал разработчиков Kubuntu + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sk/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sk/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sk/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sk/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project Contacts +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the ways you can get in contact with the +Kubuntu Project, whether it is for support or if you are looking to +contribute. + + + + + +There are currently two ways in order to make contact with the Kubuntu +Project, mailing lists (e-mail) and Internet Relay Chat +(IRC). IRC is a form of real-time +communication, and is the quickest way to communicate with the Kubuntu Project + + + +Mailing Lists + +One of the main tools that the Kubuntu Project utilizes for communicating are +mailing lists. Mailing lists allow for discussion using e-mail. + +Subscribe First + +In order to properly use the mailing lists, it is recommended that you subscribe +to the list you are interested in. Subscribing allows you to post a message +without having it sit in a queue to be authorized and it also allows you to +receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list. + + +Check the archive first + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Use Google to search the archives + +Using Google to search the archives, +in the search box, type +site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> support +Kubuntu user technical support +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archive URL + + + + + + + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> development +Kubuntu developer discussion +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archives URL + + + + + + + + + +Other non-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> mailing lists + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Launchpad projects have lists too + +Some of the projects on Launchpad +have mailing lists as well. When you join a project, check to see if they have a +list for you to subscribe to. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +IRC allows you to communicate in a real-time fashion with +many others who are also using IRC and are on the same +networks and channels that you are on. + + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Network used for <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Kubuntu <acronym>IRC</acronym> channels +Kubuntu user support channel + + +#kubuntu + + + +Kubuntu developers channel + + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sl/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sl/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sl/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sl/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project Contacts +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the ways you can get in contact with the +Kubuntu Project, whether it is for support or if you are looking to +contribute. + + + + + +There are currently two ways in order to make contact with the Kubuntu +Project, mailing lists (e-mail) and Internet Relay Chat +(IRC). IRC is a form of real-time +communication, and is the quickest way to communicate with the Kubuntu Project + + + +Mailing Lists + +One of the main tools that the Kubuntu Project utilizes for communicating are +mailing lists. Mailing lists allow for discussion using e-mail. + +Subscribe First + +In order to properly use the mailing lists, it is recommended that you subscribe +to the list you are interested in. Subscribing allows you to post a message +without having it sit in a queue to be authorized and it also allows you to +receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list. + + +Check the archive first + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Use Google to search the archives + +Using Google to search the archives, +in the search box, type +site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> support +Kubuntu user technical support +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archive URL + + + + + + + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> development +Kubuntu developer discussion +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archives URL + + + + + + + + + +Other non-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> mailing lists + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Launchpad projects have lists too + +Some of the projects on Launchpad +have mailing lists as well. When you join a project, check to see if they have a +list for you to subscribe to. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +IRC allows you to communicate in a real-time fashion with +many others who are also using IRC and are on the same +networks and channels that you are on. + + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Network used for <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Kubuntu <acronym>IRC</acronym> channels +Kubuntu user support channel + + +#kubuntu + + + +Kubuntu developers channel + + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sr/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sr/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sr/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sr/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project Contacts +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the ways you can get in contact with the +Kubuntu Project, whether it is for support or if you are looking to +contribute. + + + + + +There are currently two ways in order to make contact with the Kubuntu +Project, mailing lists (e-mail) and Internet Relay Chat +(IRC). IRC is a form of real-time +communication, and is the quickest way to communicate with the Kubuntu Project + + + +Mailing Lists + +One of the main tools that the Kubuntu Project utilizes for communicating are +mailing lists. Mailing lists allow for discussion using e-mail. + +Subscribe First + +In order to properly use the mailing lists, it is recommended that you subscribe +to the list you are interested in. Subscribing allows you to post a message +without having it sit in a queue to be authorized and it also allows you to +receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list. + + +Check the archive first + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Use Google to search the archives + +Using Google to search the archives, +in the search box, type +site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> support +Kubuntu user technical support +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archive URL + + + + + + + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> development +Kubuntu developer discussion +Subscribe URL + + + + + + +Archives URL + + + + + + + + + +Other non-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> mailing lists + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Launchpad projects have lists too + +Some of the projects on Launchpad +have mailing lists as well. When you join a project, check to see if they have a +list for you to subscribe to. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +IRC allows you to communicate in a real-time fashion with +many others who are also using IRC and are on the same +networks and channels that you are on. + + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Network used for <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Kubuntu <acronym>IRC</acronym> channels +Kubuntu user support channel + + +#kubuntu + + + +Kubuntu developers channel + + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sv/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sv/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/sv/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/sv/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,553 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kontakta <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-projektet +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the ways you can get in contact with the +Kubuntu Project, whether it is for support or if you are looking to +contribute. + + + + + +There are currently two ways in order to make contact with the Kubuntu +Project, mailing lists (e-mail) and Internet Relay Chat +(IRC). IRC is a form of real-time +communication, and is the quickest way to communicate with the Kubuntu Project + + + +Sändlistor + +One of the main tools that the Kubuntu Project utilizes for communicating are +mailing lists. Mailing lists allow for discussion using e-mail. + +Prenumerera först + +In order to properly use the mailing lists, it is recommended that you subscribe +to the list you are interested in. Subscribing allows you to post a message +without having it sit in a queue to be authorized and it also allows you to +receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list. + + +Kontrollera först arkivet + +Prior to sending a message, you can check to see if the topic has been raised in +the past, in the following sections a link will also be made available for you +to view. + + +Använd Google för att söka i arkiven + +Using Google to search the archives, +in the search box, type +site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<mailing_list> search +terms. + + + +Sändlista för <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-support +Kubuntu user technical support +URL för prenumeration + + + + + + +URL till arkivet + + + + + + + + + +Mailing list for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> development +Kubuntu developer discussion +URL för prenumeration + + + + + + +Archives URL + + + + + + + + + +Other non-<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> mailing lists + +To look over other mailing lists available to the Ubuntu and Kubuntu +communities, please go to . + +Launchpad projects have lists too + +Some of the projects on Launchpad +have mailing lists as well. When you join a project, check to see if they have a +list for you to subscribe to. + + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) + +IRC allows you to communicate in a real-time fashion with +many others who are also using IRC and are on the same +networks and channels that you are on. + + +For more information regarding IRC, please review the Communications topic. For +even more information and a complete list of channels, please read the Internet Relay +Chat online. + +Network used for <acronym>IRC</acronym> + +All Ubuntu and Kubuntu channels are located on the freenode network. The server address to use +with your IRC client is +irc.freenode.net, the port to use which is the most +secure is 8001. + + +Kubuntu <acronym>IRC</acronym> channels +Kubuntu user support channel + +#kubuntu + + +Kubuntu developers channel + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/uk/contact.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/uk/contact.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contact/uk/contact.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contact/uk/contact.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,507 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Способи встановлення зв’язку з учасниками проекту <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі подано огляд способів встановлення зв’язку з учасниками проекту Kubuntu з довідковою метою або метою участі у проекті. + + + +На сьогодні існує два способи поспілкуватися з учасниками проекту Kubuntu: списки листування (електронна пошта) та IRC. IRC — це один зі способів миттєвого обміну повідомленнями, ним варто скористатися, якщо вам потрібно встановити зв’язок якнайшвидше. + + +Списки листування +Одним зі способів спілкування з учасниками проекту Kubuntu є списки листування. У списках листування обговорення ведеться за допомогою електронної пошти. +Спочатку підпишіться +Щоб скористатися списком листування повною мірою, вам варто підписатися на список, який вас зацікавив. Якщо ви підпишетеся на список листування, вам не доведеться очікувати, доки ваш лист буде надіслано всім учасникам списку. Крім того, ви зможете отримувати повідомлення інших учасників списку листування. + +Ознайомтеся з архівом +Перш ніж надсилати повідомлення, спробуйте пошукати повідомлення з подібними темами у архіві списку. У першому з гілки має бути посилання, за допомогою якого ви зможете прочитати решту повідомлень і, можливо, отримати потрібні вам відомості. + +Для пошуку у архівах скористайтеся Google +Щоб скористатися Google для пошуку у архівах, введіть у поле пошуку site:lists.ubuntu.com/archives/<список_листування> ключі пошуку. + + +Список листування супроводу <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Технічний супровід користувачів Kubuntu +Адреса сторінки оформлення підписки + + + + + + +Адреса сторінки архіву + + + + + + + + + +Список листування розробників <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Обговорення питань щодо розробки Kubuntu +Адреса сторінки оформлення підписки + + + + + + +Адреса сторінки архіву + + + + + + + + + +Інші списки листування, які не є списками листування лише <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Перелік списків листування спільнот Ubuntu і Kubuntu наведено за адресою . +Списки листування окремих проектів Launchpad +Деякі з проектів Launchpad мають власні списки листування. Якщо ви долучаєтеся до такого проекту, підпишіться на його список листування. + + + + + +Internet Relay Chat (<acronym>IRC</acronym>) +За допомогою IRC можна спілкуватися у режимі реального часу з багатьма іншими людьми, які користуються IRC і спілкуються у тій самій мережі і на тому самому каналі, до якого увійшли ви. +Щоб дізнатися більше про IRC, прочитайте розділ щодо спілкування. Додаткові відомості та повний список каналів можна знайти на сторінці Internet Relay Chat. +Мережа, яку використовують у <acronym>IRC</acronym> +Всі канали Ubuntu і Kubuntu працюють у мережі freenode. У клієнтській програмі IRC слід вказати сервер irc.freenode.net. Найбезпечнішим портом є 8001. + +Канали <acronym>IRC</acronym> Kubuntu +Канал супроводу користувачів Kubuntu + +#kubuntu + + +Канал розробки Kubuntu + +#kubuntu-devel + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/de/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/de/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/de/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/de/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,489 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Beitragen zum <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-Projekt +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument beschreibt wie man Kubuntu helfen kann und in die Gemeinschaft hineinkommt. + + + + +Einleitung + +Die Kubuntugemeinschaft besteht aus Individuen und Gruppen, die an verschiedenen Aspekten der Distribution arbeiten, etwa dem Paketieren von Programmen, dem Testen, der Fehlerverfolgung und dem Helfen Kubuntu einem weiteren Umfeld vorzustellen. Alle Programme, Illustrationen und Dokumentationen wurde geschaffen, getestet, benutzt und offen diskutiert von den Leuten rund um die Welt, die an der Open Source Gemeinschaft teilnehmen. Ebenso laden wir Sie ein, zu helfen Kubuntu auszugestallten, um besser an Ihre Bedürfnisse angepasst zu sein. + + + +Verbreiten in der Welt + +Der einfachste Weg der Kubuntu Gemeinschaft etwas zurück zugeben, ist es Kubuntu mit anderen zu teilen. Empfehlen Sie Kubuntu anderen, zeigen Sie Ihnen wie man Kubuntu runterläd und installiert und zeigen Sie Ihnen die Möglichkeiten und Qualitäten von Open Source Programmen. So wie unsere Gemeinschaft wächst, wird sie mehr akzeptiert und unterstützt werden. Hier sind einige Schritte, die Sie vollziehen können: + + +Halten Sie eine Rede an Ihrer lokalen Schule, Linux Benutzter Gruppe oder Bibliothek über Kubuntu. Es gibt viele Notizen von vorherigen Reden anderer in verschiedenen Sprachen. Sie finden diese im Wiki. + + +Bekommen Sie eine CDs von ShipIt und verteilen Sie sie an Leute, die daran interessiert sein könnten. Legen Sie einige in Bibliotheken, Internetcafes, Schulen, Computerläden oder sonstwo, wo Leute Rechner nutzten aus. Bitte helfen Sie den Leuten Kubuntu zu nutzten und zu verstehen, wenn Sie nach Hilfe fragen. + + +Treten Sie einer lokalen Gemeinschaft bei (Loco) oder starten Sie eine - diskutieren Sie die Möglichkeiten die Kubuntu bringt und wenn Sie Kubuntu mögen, ist es wahrscheinlich, dass ander in Ihrem Freundeskreis Kubuntu ebenso mögen! Schauen Sie sich den "Lokal werden!" Abschnitt an, um Details zu erfahren. + + + + + +Lokale Gruppen + +Wenn Sie andere Kubuntunutzer in Ihrer Gegend treffen wollen, sollten Sie nach einer Lokalen Ubuntu Gemeinschaft Gruppe suchen (LoCo Gruppe ist das Kürzel), um beizutretten. Es gibt LoCo Gruppen verteilt über die ganze Welt und Sie können eine Liste mit allen hier finden. Wenn es keine LoCo Gruppe in Ihrer Nähe gibt, starten Sie doch eine neue! Folgen Sie den Hinweisen im Wiki. Um mehr Informationen zu erhalten treten Sie der Mailliste und dem IRC Kannal (Details findet man auf der LoCo Listen Wikiseite) und lesen Sie auch die Wikiseite der LoCo Gruppe. + + + +Übersetzten von Kubuntu + +Wenn Ihre Muttersprache nicht Englisch ist, Sie aber gute Englischkentnisse haben und es gewohnt sind Programme in Englisch zu nutzten, dann können Sie helfen Kubuntu Programme und Dokumentationen in Ihre Muttersprache zu übersetzten. Um zu Helfen können Sie: + + +Das Webbasierte Rosetta Übersetzungssystem nutzten. Dieses macht es einfach Kubuntu Programme in Ihre Sprache zu übersetzten. Auch wenn Sie nur einige Zeile übersetzten, kann das einen Unterschied für jemanden aus Ihrem Land machen, der grade erst beginnt mehr über Rechner und Freie Programme zu erlernen. + + +Übersetzten Sie bekannte Wikiseiten im Dokumentationswiki. + + +Testen Sie, ob in Ihre lokalen Sprache Zeichensätzte und Darstellung korrekt funktionieren. Wenn dies nicht der Fall ist, füllen Sie bitte einen Fehlerbericht über das Problem aus. + + +Sie können, um in Kontakt mit ihrer lokalen LoCo Gruppe zu treten, die Mailliste abbonieren und den IRC Kanal betreten (Details findet man auf der LoCoGruppen Liste im Wiki). Dabei lernen Sie andere Nutzer aus Ihrer Region kennen und können so Ihre Übersetzungsbemühungen koordinieren. Auch das Abbonieren der Ubuntu-Übersetzer Mailliste bringt Sie in Kontakt mit anderen Ubuntuübersetzern. + + + +Dokumentationen schreiben + +Wenn Sie bei einem Problem ratlos sind, ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit groß, dass andere die selben Probleme hatten oder momentan erleben. Wenn Sie nicht die Möglichkeit haben Quelltext zu schreiben, der das Problem beseitigt, können Sie anderen helfen indem Sie die Lösung dokumentieren. Alle Dokumentationen und Hilfsseiten zu Kubuntu wurden freiwillig von Gemeinschaftsmitgliedern geschrieben und von der Kubuntu Dokumentationsgruppe zusammengetragen. Sie können auf verschiedene Arten helfen: + + +Überprüfen Sie bestehende Dokumentationen, um zu sehen ob diese Ihr Problem behandeln. Falls sie das tun, können Sie Ergänzungen machen,sie Verändern oder Fehler löschen (etwa Tippfehler, Grammatikfehler und Sprach- oder technische Fehler), schicken Sie alle Vorschläge und Änderungen an die Dokumentationsgruppen Mailliste. + + +Wenn keine relevanten Dokumentationen vorhanden sind, können Sie eine Seite im Dokumentationswiki hinzufügen. Dieses ist getrenntes Gemeinschaftswiki zum verändern und schreiben von Dokumentationen. Entweder beantworten Sie Fragen zwei mal und öfter oder Sie schreiben die Antwort auf und machen sie für alle im Wiki verfügbar. + + +Lesen Sie durch die Dokumentationen im Ubuntuforum und prüfen Sie sie auf Korrektheit und stellen Sie sie anschleßend ins Dokumentationswiki. + + +Um mit der Dokumetationsgruppe in Kontakt zu treten können sie die Dokumentationsgruppen Mailliste abbonieren oder den #kubuntu-doc IRC Kanal auf irc.freenode.net betreten. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/es/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/es/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/es/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/es/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,489 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contribuir al proyecto de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica como puede ayudar en Kubuntu y participar en la comunidad. + + + + +Introducción + +La Comunidad Kubuntu consiste en equipos e individuos, que trabajan en diferentes aspectos de la distribución, empaquetado de software, pruebas, reporte y corrección de errores, y que ayudan a dar a conocer Kubuntu a una audiencia mayor. Todo el software, el diseño artístico y la documentación han sido creados, probados, usados y debatidos abiertamente por gente de todo el mundo que participan en la comunidad del código abierto, posible gracias a Internet. Así que le invitamos a ayudar a dar forma a Kubuntu, para que se ajuste mejor a sus necesidades. + + + +Difundiendo el mensaje + +La forma más sencilla de devolver a la comunidad Kubuntu es compartiendo Kubuntu con otros: recomendando Kubuntu, mostrándoles cómo descargar e instalar Kubuntu, y las posibilidades y calidad del software de código abierto. A medida que nuestra comunidad crece, se vuelve más aceptada y respaldada. Aquí hay algunos de los pasos que puede seguir: + + +Dé una charla en su escuela local, Grupo de usuarios de Linux o biblioteca acerca de Kubuntu. Hay muchas notas de charlas previas dadas por otros en varios idiomas disponibles en el wiki. + + +Consiga CD en ShipIt y distribúyalos entre quienes puedan estar interesados. Déjelos en bibliotecas, Cibercafés, colegios, tiendas de informática o en cualquier otro lugar donde la gente use ordenadores. Ayude a la gente a usar y comprender Ubuntu si le solicitan su ayuda. + + +Únase o comience un Equipo local de la comunidad. Discuta las posibilidades que ofrece Kubuntu, y si le gusta Kubuntu es muy probable que a otros a su alrededor también. Vea la sección "¡Going Local!" para más detalles. + + + + + +Equipos locales + +Si quiere conocer a otros usuarios de Kubuntu en su zona, puede buscar un equipo de la Comunidad Ubuntu Local (abreviado, equipo LoCo) para unirse a él. Hay equipos LoCo repartidos por todo el mundo, y puede encontrar una lista de todos ellos aquí. Si no hay un equipo LoCo cerca, puede comenzar uno. Sólo tiene que seguir las instrucciones del wiki. Para conseguir más información puede unirse a la lista de correo de su equipo LoCo local o su canal de IRC (pueden encontrarse detalles en la página wiki de la lista de equipos LoCo) o también puede leer dicha página wiki. + + + +Traducir Kubuntu + +Si su idiomas materno no es el inglés pero tiene buen nivel en el mismo y se encuentra cómodo usando software en inglés, puede ayudar a traducir las aplicaciones y la documentación de Kubuntu a su lengua materna. Para ayudar, puede: + + +El uso del sistema basado en la web Rosetta hace que sea sencillo traducir aplicaciones de Ubuntu a su idioma. Incluso en el caso de que sólo traduzca unas pocas líneas puede marcar la diferencia para alguien en su propio país que esté empezando a aprender sobre computadores y software libre. + + +Traduce páginas populares del Wiki de Documentación + + +Compruebe si las fuentes de su idioma local se muestran y funcionan correctamente. Si no es así, informe de un error sobre este tema. + + +Puede ponerse en contacto con su equipo local LoCo a través de su lista de correo o de su canal de IRC (se pueden encontrar detalles en la página wiki de los equipos LoCo) para conocer a otros usuarios de su región, de tal modo que pueda coordinar sus esfuerzos de traducción. También puede unirse a la lista de correo de Ubuntu-Translators (Traductores de Ubuntu) para mantenerse en contacto con otros traductores de Ubuntu. + + + +Escribir documentación + +Si le surge algún problema, es muy probable que haya otras personas que se lo hayan encontrado o que lo sufran actualmente. Si no es usted capaz de escribir código para arreglarlo, puede ayudar a todos los demás documentándolo. Toda las páginas de documentación y ayuda de Kubuntu son escritas por miembros voluntarios de la comunidad reunidos en el Equipo de documentación de Kubuntu, y usted puede ayudar de varias maneras: + + +Compruebe la documentación existente para ver si cubre su problema. Si lo hace, puede añadir texto, editarlo o eliminar errores (como errores tipográficos, gramáticos, de deletreos incorrectos, o errores técnicos), enviando cualquier sugerencia o cambios a la lista de correo del Equipo de distribución. + + +Si no existe documentación relevante, puede añadir una página en el Wiki de documentación, que es una comunidad wiki separada para editar y escribir documentación. En lugar de responder a una pregunta dos o más veces, escriba la respuesta y déjela disponible para todos en el wiki. + + +Lea con detenimiento la documentación en los Foros de Ubuntu y compruebe su exactitud, y póngala en el Wiki de documentación. + + +Para ponerse en contacto con el Equipo de documentación puede unirse a la lista de correo de documentación, y también al canal de IRC #kubuntu-doc en irc.freenode.net. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/et/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/et/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/et/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/et/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,510 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> projektile kaasa aitamine +&legalnotice; + +See dokument kirjeldab seda, kuidas saada Kubuntu arenemisele kaasa aidata ja kogukonnas osaleda. + + + + +Sissejuhatus + +Kubuntu kogukond koosneb üksikutest inimestest kui ka meeskondadest, kes töötavad erinevate distributsioonide aspektidega, tarkvara pakendusega, testimisega, vigade otsimisega ning Kubuntu levitamisega laiematele rühmadele. Kogu tarkvara, kunstilooming ja dokumentatsioon on loodud, testitud, kasutatud ja avalikult läbi arutatud inimeste poolt üle kogu maailma, kes osalevad vaba tarkvara kogukonnas. Seega me kutsume sind kaasa aitama Kubuntu projektis, et paremini vastata just sinu vajadustele. + + + +Teabe levitamine + +Lihtsaim viis Kubuntu kogukonnale midagi vastu andmiseks on jagada Kubuntut teistega: Soovitada Kubuntut teistele, näidata neile kuidas Kubuntut alla laadida ja paigaldada ning teisi võimalusi ja väärtusi seoses vaba tarkvaraga. Ajal, mil meie kogukond kasvab kasvab ka meie toetus ning tugi. Siin on mõned sammud, mida saad sina teha: + + +Räägi sellest oma koolis, Linuxi kasutajagrupis või Kubuntu raamatukogus. Wikis on saadaval mitmeid märkmeid teiste poolt ning seda mitmes keeles. + + +Saa CD ShipIt-lt jaota neid inimestega, kes on sellest huvitatud. Paku seda raamatukogudes, internetikohvikutes, koolis, arvutipoes ning ükskõik kus inimesed kasutavad arvuteid. Palun aita inimestel kasutada ja mõista Kubuntut. + + +Liitu või alusta kohalik kogukonna meeskond - aruta Kubuntu võimalusi ning kui sulle meeldib Kubuntu, siis on olemas veel teisigi, kellele see meeldib. Vaata "Mine lokaalseks!" sektsiooni, et saada rohkemat informatsiooni. + + + + + +Kohalikud meeskonnad + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + +Kubuntu tõlkimine + +Kui sinu emakeel pole inglise keel, kuid sul on väga heal tasemel inglise keeleoskus ja oled tarkvara harjunud kasutama inglise keeles, saad aidata tõlkida Kubuntu rakendusi ja dokumentatsiooni oma emakeelde. Selle jaoks saad teha järgmist: + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + +Tõlgi dokumentatsiooni wikis populaarseid wiki lehti. + + +Kontrolli, et su kohaliku keele fondid ja kuva toimivad korralikult. Kui ei toimi, siis esita selle kohta vearaport. + + +Sa võid võtta ühendust ja liituda oma kohaliku kogukonna meeskonnaga postiloendi ja IRC kanali teel (detailne info kohaliku kogukonna meeskonna wiki lehel) selleks, et suhelda teiste kasutajate sinu regioonis, et hakata koordineerima tõlkimist. Samuti liitu Ubuntu tõlkijate postiloendiga, et olla kursis teiste Ubuntu tõlkijatega. + + + +Dokumentatsiooni kirjutamine + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + +Kui ühtegi asjakohast dokumenti ei leidunud, saad lisada lehe dokumentatsiooni wikisse, mis on eraldi kogukonna wiki dokumentatsiooni redigeerimiseks ja kirjutamiseks. Selle asemel, et vastata küsimusele kaks või rohkem kordi, kirjuta vastus üles ning tee see nähtavaks kõikidele wikis. + + +Loed Ubuntu foorumite dokmentatsiooni ning vaata seda täpselt ning lisa need dokumentatsiooni wikisse. + + +Dokumentatsiooni meeskonnaga saab ühendust, liitudes nende postiloendiga ja samuti #kubuntu-doc IRC kanalist irc.freenode.net-is. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/fr/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/fr/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/fr/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/fr/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contribuer au projet <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document explique comment vous pouvez aider Kubuntu et vous impliquer dans la communauté. + + + + +Introduction + + +The Kubuntu community consist of individuals and teams, working on different aspects of the +distribution, packaging software, testing, bug traiging, and helping to promote Kubuntu to +a wider audience. All of the software, artwork and documentation has been created, tested, +used and discussed openly by people around the world participating in the Open Source +community made possible by the Internet. So we invite you, to help shape Kubuntu, to better +meet your needs. + + + + +Faire passer le mot + + +The easiest way to give back to the Kubuntu community is by sharing Kubuntu with others: Recommend +Kubuntu to others, show them how to download and install Kubuntu and the possibilities and +qualities of Open Source Software. As our community grows, it will become more accepted and +supported. Here are some of the steps you can take: + + + + +Give a talk at your local school, Linux User Group or library on Kubuntu. There are lots of +notes from pervious talks given by others in several languages available on the wiki. + + + + +Get CDs from ShipIt and distribute them to +people who might be interested. Drop them off at libraries, Internet Cafes, schools, computer shops +or anywhere else where people use computers. Please help people to use and understand Kubuntu if they +approach you for help. + + + + +Join or start a Local Community Team - discuss the possibilities that Kubuntu brings up, and if you +like Kubuntu it is likely that others around you like it as well! See the "Going Local!" section for details. + + + + + + +Équipes locales + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + +Traduire Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + +Traduisez des pages wiki populaires du Wiki de Documentation + + +Vérifiez que les polices de caractères fonctionnent bien pour votre langue et que l'affichage dans votre langue fonctionne correctement. Signalez tout problème grâce à un signalement de bogue. + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + +Ecrire de la Documentation + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + +Si aucune documentation pertinente n'existe, vous pouvez ajouter une page dans le wiki de documentation qui est un wiki séparé de la communauté pour rédiger et modifier de la documentation écrite. Plutôt que de répondre à une question deux fois ou plus, rédigez la réponse et rendez-la accessible à tous dans le wiki. + + +Lisez la documentation sur les forums Ubuntu, vérifiez leur exactitude, et intégrez-la au wiki de documentation. + + +Pour entrer en contact avec l'équipe de documentation, vous pouvez rejoindre la liste de diffusion de l'équipe de documentation et aussi le canal IRC #kubuntu-doc sur irc.freenode.net. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/gl/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/gl/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/gl/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/gl/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,521 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Colaborar co proxecto de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica como pode axudar en Kubuntu e participar na comunidade. + + + + +Introdución + +A comunidade do Kubuntu está composta de indivíduos e equipos, trabalhando en diferentes aspectos da distribución, empaquetando programas, verificando fallos, e axudando a promover o Kubuntu para un público mais amplo. Todos os programas, artes e documentacións forom creados, probados, utilizados e discutidos abertamente por persoas ao redor de todo o mundo que participan da comunidade de código libre axudados pola Internet. Por iso, convidamolo, para que axude a deseñar o Kubuntu, para atender mellor ás suas necesidades. + + + +Espallando a mensaxe + +A maneira mais doada de devolver iso á comunidade Kubuntu é compartndo o Kubuntu cos demais: Recomende o Kubuntu aos demais, mostrelles como descargar e instalar o Kubuntu e as posibilidades e cualidades dos programas de código aberto. Así, a nosa comunidade crece, volvese máis aceptada e apoiada. Aqui estan algúns dos pasos que vostede pode seguir: + + +Comente na súa escola, grupo de usuários Linux, ou biblioteca sobre o Kubuntu. Existen moitas notas de conversas abertas en varios idiomas, dispoñíbeis no wiki. + + +Obteña CD ao través do ShipIt e distribuiaos entre as persoas que poidan estar interesadas. Deixeos en bibliotecas, ciber cafés, escolas, tendas de informática ou en calquera outro lugar onde as persoas usen computadores. Por favor, axude as persoas a utilizar e compreender o Kubuntu no caso de que elas se aproximem a vostede á busca de axuda. + + +Xuntese a unha comunidade local: discuta as posibilidades que o Kubuntu pode ofrecer. Se a vostede lle gusta o Kubuntu, probabelmente, tamén lle guste aos que estean ao seu redor, gostarão também! Vexa a sección «Volvendose local» para obter máis detalles. + + + + + +Equipos locais + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + +Traducir Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + +Traducir páxinas populares de wiki, na documentación en wiki. + + +Verifique que os tipos de letra do seu idioma e como se mostran son correctas. Caso contrario, faga un informe sobre os fallos. + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + +Escribir documentación + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + +Lea a documentación nos foros do Ubuntu, verifique é correcta, e enton publiquea no wiki de documentación. + + +Para porse en contacto co equipo de documentación, vostede pode rexistrarse no equipo de discusión ou tamén pode empregar a canle de IRC #kubuntu-doc na rede irc.freenode.net. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/it/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/it/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/it/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/it/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,489 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contribuire al progetto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento tratta di come potete aiutare Kubuntu e collaborare all'interno della comunità + + + + +Introduzione + +La comunità Kubuntu è formata da persone singole e gruppi, che lavorano a diversi aspetti della distribuzione, la costruzione dei pacchetti software, i controlli, il tracciamento degli errori, e aiutano a promuovere Kubuntu a una platea più vasta. Tutto il software, la grafica e la documentazione è stata creata, testata utilizzata e discussa apertamente da persone di tutto il mondo che partecipano alla comunità open source, resa possibile da Internet. Ti invitiamo, dunque, a contribuire a migliorare Kubuntu affinché possa meglio rispondere alle tue necessità. + + + +Divulgare la parola + +Il modo più semplice per restituire qualcosa alla comunità Kubuntu è la condivisione di Kubuntu con gli altri: raccomandate Kubuntu agli altri, mostrate loro come scaricare e installare Kubuntu e le possibilità e le qualità del software open source. Più la nostra comunità cresce, più esso verrà accettato e supportato. Ecco alcuni passi da intraprendere: + + +Fate delle conferenze su Kubuntu nella scuola del vostro quartiere, nel Linux User Group o in libreria. Esistono un sacco di note, disponibili nel wiki, su conferenze fatte da altri in varie lingue. + + +Procuratevi CD da ShipIt e distribuiteli alle persone che possono essere interessate. Lasciateli nelle scuole, gli Internet Café, le scuole, i negozi di computer od ovunque le persone usino il computer. Aiutate la gente a usare e capire Kubuntu, se vi chiedono aiuto. + + +Unitevi alla comunità locale o createne una: discutete le possibilità che offre Kubuntu, se a voi piace Kubuntu è probabile che piaccia anche alle persone che vi circondano! Consultate la sezione «Lavorare in locale!» per dettagli. + + + + + +Gruppi locali + +Se volete incontrare gli altri utenti Kubuntu nella vostra zona, dovete cercare e unirvi alla la comunità locale di Ubuntu (Local Ubuntu Community team, abbreviato 'LoCo team'). I LoCo team sono presenti in tutto il mondo e ne trovate un elenco dettagliato qui. Se non esiste un LoCo team vicino a voi, potete crearne uno! Basta seguire le istruzioni sul wiki. Per ottenere maggiori informazioni potete iscrivervi alla mailing list e al canale IRC del vostro LoCo Team locale (i dettagli si trovano nella pagina wiki dell'elenco dei LoCoTeam List), oppure leggere la pagina wiki dei LoCo Team. + + + +Tradurre Kubuntu + +Se la vostra lingua madre non è l'Inglese ma lo conoscete bene, e l'uso del software in Inglese per voi non è un problema, potete aiutare a tradurre le applicazioni e la documentazione di Kubuntu. Per fare questo potete: + + +L'uso del sistema di traduzione Rosetta basato sul web rende facile tradurre nella vostra lingua le applicazioni Ubuntu. Anche se traducete poche righe, potete fare la differenza nel vostro paese per coloro che stanno imparando l'uso del computer e del software libero. + + +Traducete pagine wiki popolari all'interno della Documentazione wiki. + + +Verificate che i caratteri e la visualizzazione per la vostra lingua funzionino correttamente. In caso contrario, fate una segnalazione di errore. + + +Tramite la mailing list e il canale IRC del vostro LoCo Team locale (i dettagli si trovano nella pagina wiki dell'elenco dei LoCoTeam) potete restare in contatto con gli utenti della vostra regione, e coordinare il vostro lavoro di traduzione. Per rimanere in contatto con gli altri traduttori, iscrivetevi anche alla mailing list dei traduttori di Ubuntu. + + + +Scrivere la documentazione + +Se vi imbattete in un problema, vi è la possibilità che altri l'abbiamo già sperimentato o lo stiano sperimentando. Se non siete in grado di scrivere del codice per risolverlo, potete aiutare gli altri documentando la soluzione. Tutta la documentazione e le pagine di aiuto in Kubuntu sono scritte da membri volontari della comunità radunati dal Gruppo di documentazione Kubuntu, e voi potete aiutare in diversi modi: + + +Verificate i documenti esistenti per vedere se si occupa del problema. Se è il caso, potete aggiungervi parti, modificarli o correggere errori (tipo errori grammaticali e sintattici, sviste ed errori tecnici) e inviate suggerimenti e modifiche alla mailing list del Gruppo di documentazione. + + +Se non esistono documenti sul problema, potete aggiungere una pagina al Wiki della documentazione, che è un wiki separato per la stesura e la modifica della documentazione. Piuttosto che rispondere a una domanda due o più volte, scrivete la risposta e rendetela disponibile a tutti nel wiki. + + +Leggete la documentazione nei forum Ubuntu, verificatela accuratamente e inseritela nella documentazione wiki. + + +Per restare in contatto col Gruppo di documentazione, potete iscrivervi alla sua mailing list e al canale IRC #kubuntu-doc su irc.freenode.net. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/ja/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/ja/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/ja/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/ja/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,505 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> プロジェクトに貢献する +&legalnotice; + +このドキュメントでは Kubuntu プロジェクトを手伝う方法とコミュニティへの参加方法について述べます。 + + + + +はじめに + +Kubuntu コミュニティは個人やチームで構成されており、ソフトウェアのパッケージングやテスト、バグのトリアージ、そして Kubuntu をより多くの人へ広めるための支援などディストリビューションの様々な方面で作業をしています。すべてのソフトウェア、アートワーク、ドキュメンテーションは、インターネットによって可能になったオープンソースコミュニティに参加している世界中の人々によって、開かれたディスカッションを行いつつ作成、テストされ実際に使われています。 + + + +世界へ広める + +Kubuntu コミュニティに対する恩返しする最も簡単な方法は Kubuntu をほかの人とシェアすることです。つまり Kubuntu を周囲の人に勧め、Kubuntu のダウンロードやインストールの仕方、さらにはオープンソースソフトウェアの可能性とクオリティを見せてあげることです。私たちのコミュニティが大きくなるにつれて、Kubuntu はより多くの人々に受け入れられてサポートも手厚くなることでしょう。あなたができることをここにいくつか示します: + + +地元の学校や Linux ユーザグループ、図書館で Kubuntu について講演をする。wiki には様々な言語で、以前行われた講演のメモが多数あります。 + + +ShipIt から CD を入手し、興味を持ってくれそうな人々に配布する。図書館やインターネットカフェ、学校、コンピュータショップなど人々がコンピュータを使用するあらゆる場所にCDを配置する。人々が助けを求めてきたら、彼らが Kubuntu を使用し理解できるように助けてあげてください。 + + +ローカルコミュニティチームに参加する、立ち上げる - Kubuntu の可能性について話し合ってください。あなたが Kubuntu のことが好きであれば、あなたの周りにいる人もきっと Kubuntu のことを好きなはずです! 詳しくは "Going Local!" をご覧ください。 + + + + + +ローカルチーム + +地元で Kubuntu ユーザに会いたくなったら、ローカル Ubuntu コミュニティチーム (LoCo チームと略します) に参加すると良いでしょう。LoCo チームは世界中に存在しており、ここですべてのチームの一覧を見ることができます。あなたの近くに LoCo チームが無いならば、新しいチームを立ち上げてください! wiki の説明に従うだけできます。地元の LoCo チームのメーリングリストや IRC チャンネル (詳しくは LoCo チームリスト wiki ページをご覧ください) に参加したり、LoCo チームの wiki ページを読んだりすることでさらに詳しい情報を得ることができます。 + + + +Kubuntu を翻訳する + +もしあなたの母国語が英語ではないのにも関わらず英語に堪能で英語のソフトウェアを使用するのが苦痛でないのならば、Kubuntu アプリケーションやドキュメントを母語に翻訳する手助けができます。あなたができることを以下に示します: + + +ウェブベースの Rosetta 翻訳システムを使用すると Ubuntu アプリケーションを簡単に母語に翻訳することができます。ほんの数行の翻訳であっても、同じ国に住んでいるコンピュータやフリーソフトウェアについて学び始めたばかりの人にとって非常にありがたいものかもしれません。 + + +Documentation Wiki の人気のある wiki ページを翻訳する。 + + +地元の言語のフォントや表示が正しく動作するかテストする。問題がある場合はバグレポートを提出してください。 + + +地元の LoCO チームのメーリングリストや IRC チャンネル (詳しくは LoCo チームの wiki ページをご覧ください) に参加することで、同じ国の他のユーザと連絡を取り、翻訳作業において連携を取ることができます。他の Ubuntu 翻訳者と連絡を取るために Ubuntu-Translators メーリングリストにも加入してください。 + + + +ドキュメントを作成する + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + + +Read through the documentation in the Ubuntu Forums and check them for accuracy, and put them in the Documentation Wiki. + + + + +To get in touch with the Documentation Team you can join Documentation team mailing list and also the #kubuntu-doc IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/km/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/km/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/km/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/km/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,489 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការ​ចែក​ចាយ​ទៅ​កាន់​គម្រោង​របស់​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​និយាយអំពី​របៀប​ដែល​អ្នក​អាច​ជួយ​គូប៊ុនទូ និង​ចូល​រួម​ជាមួយ​សហគមន៍ ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ + +សហគមន៍​គូប៊ុនទូ​មាន​បុគ្គល​ម្នាក់​ៗ និង​ជា​ក្រុម​ ដែល​កំពុង​ធ្វើការ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការចែក​ចាយ​ ការវេចខ្ចប់​កម្មវិធី ការសាក​ល្បង ការកំណត់​កំហុស និង​ជួយ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ផ្សព្វផ្សាយ​គូប៊ុនទូ​ទៅ​កាន់​ទស្សនិក​ជន​ទូទៅ​ ។ គ្រប់​កម្មវិធី ការងារ​សិល្បៈ និង​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​អស់​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្កើត និង​សាកល្បង និង​ពិភាក្សា​ជា​ចំហ​ដោយ​មនុស្សនៅ​ជុំវិញ​ពិភព​លោក​ដែល​បាន​ចូល​រួម​នៅ​ក្នុង​សហគមន៍​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ​ដែល​បាន​ធ្វើ​ឡើង​តាម​រយៈ​អ៊ីនធឺណិត ។ ដូច្នេះ​ យើង​សូម​អញ្ចើញ​អ្នកទាំង​អស់​គ្នា​ ចូល​រួម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​កែប្រែ​គូប៊ុនទូ ឲ្យ​មា​ន​លក្ខណៈ​កាន់​តែ​ប្រសើរឡើង​​ដើម្បី​បំពេញ​ទៅ​តាម​តម្រូវ​ការ​របស់​អ្នក ។ + + + +ផ្សព្វផ្សាយ​ពាក្យ + +មធ្យោបាយ​ងាយ​ស្រួល​បំផុត​ក្នុង​ការ​ជួយ​ដល់​សហគមន៍​គូប៊ុនទូ​គឺ​ដោយ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​គូប៊ុនទូ​ជា​មួយ​អ្នក​ផ្សេង​ ៖ ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​អំពី​គូប៊ុនទូ​ដល់​អ្នក​អ្នក​ដ៏ទៃ​ទៀត បង្ហាញ​ពួក​គេ​អំពី​របៀប​ទាញយក និង​ដំឡើង​គូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​បង្ហាញ​អំពីសមត្ថភាព និង​គុណភាព​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ ។ ដោយ​សារ​តែ​សហគមន៍​របស់​យើង​កាន់​តែ​រីក​ចម្រើន វា​នឹង​ក្លាយ​ទៅ​ជា​ទី​ពេញ​និយម និង​ទទួល​បាន​គាំ​ទ្រ​ច្រើន ។ នេះ​ជា​ជំហាន​ខ្លះ​ៗ​ដែល​អ្នក​អាច​អនុវត្ត​តាម​បាន ៖ + + +និយាយ​អំពី​គូប៊ុនទូ​នៅ​សាលារៀន​របស់​អ្នក ឬ​និយាយ​ទៅ​កាន់​ក្រុមអ្នកប្រើ​លីនុច ឬ​និយាយ​នៅ​បណ្ណាល័យ ។ មាន​កំណត់​​​​​​ត្រា​ជា​ច្រើនដែល​ទទួល​បាន​ពី​ការនិយាយ​ជាចំហ​ដោយ​អ្នក​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ជា​ភាសា​មួយ​ចំនួន​ដែល​អាច​មាន​នៅ​លើវីគី ។ + + +ទទួល​យក​ស៊ីឌី​ពី​ ShipIt និង​ចែក​ចាយ​ពួក​វា​ដល់​អ្នក​ដែល​ចាប់​អារម្មណ៍​ ។ ចែក​ចាយ​​ពួក​វា​ទៅ​កាន់​បណ្ណាល័យ​ ហាង​អ៊ីនធឺណិត សាលារៀន ហាង​កុំព្យូទ័រ ឬ​កន្លែង​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​មាន​មនុស្ស​ប្រើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ សូម​ជួយ​បង្រៀន​ពួក​គេ​​ឲ្យ​ចេះ​ប្រើ និង​យល់​ដឹង​អំពី​គូប៊ុនទូ បើ​សិន​ពួក​គេ​មករក​ជំនួយ​ពី​អ្នក​​ ។ + + +ចូល​រួម ឬ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ក្រុម​សហគមន៍​មូលដ្ឋាន​ - ពិភាក្សា​អំពីលទ្ធភាព​ដែល​គូប៊ុនទូ​អាចផ្តល់​ឲ្យ​ ហើយ​បើ​សិន​អ្នក​ពេញ​ចិត្ត​គូប៊ុនទូ​ វា​មាន​ន័យ​ថា​ អ្នក​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​នៅ​ក្បែរ​អ្នក​​ក៏​ពេញ​ចិត្ត​វា​ដែរ​ ! ចំពោះ​សេចក្តី​លម្អិត សូម​មើល​ "ទៅកាន់​មូលដ្ឋាន!" ។ + + + + + +ក្រុម​មូលដ្ឋាន + +បើ​អ្នក​ចង់​ជួប​​អ្នក​ប្រើ​គូប៊ុនទូ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​នៅ​ក្នុង​តំបន់​របស់​អ្នក​ អ្នក​គួរ​រក​មើល​ក្រុម​ Local Ubuntu Community (ក្រុម LoCo ជា​អក្សរ​កាត់​) ដើម្បី​ចូល​រួមជា​មួយ​ ។ មាន​ក្រុម​ LoCo នៅ​ទូទាំង​ពិភព​លោក​ ហើយ​អ្នក​អាច​រក​បញ្ជី​របស់​ពួក​គេ​ទាំង​អស់​ នៅ​ទីនេះ ។ បើ​មិនមាន​ក្រុម​ LoCo នៅ​ជិត​អ្នក​ទេ អ្នក​អាច​ចាប់​ផ្តើមក្រុម​ថ្មី​មួយ​បាន​ ! គ្រាន់​តែ​ធ្វើ​តាម​ការ​ណែនាំ​នៅ​លើវីគី​​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ ដើម្បី​ទទួល​បាន​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ អ្នក​អាច​ចូល​រួម​ជា​មួយ​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​​ LoCo Team​ និង​ឆានែល​ IRC មូលដ្ឋាន​របស់​អ្នក​ (សេចក្តី​លម្អិត​អាច​មាន​នៅ​លើ​ទំព័រវីគី​​ស្តី​អំពី​​ LoCoTeam List ) ព្រម​ទាំង​អាច​អាន​ទំព័រ​វីគី​អំពី​ LoCoTeams បាន​ទៀត​ផង + + + +បក​ប្រែ​គូប៊ុនទូ + +បើ​ភាសា​ដើម​របស់​អ្នក​មិន​មែន​ជា​ភាសា​អង់គ្លេស ប៉ុន្តែ​អ្នក​ពូកែ​ខាង​ភាសា​អង់គ្លេស​ និង​អាច​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​ជា​ភាសា​អង់គ្លេស​បាន អ្នក​អាចចូល​រួម​​ជួយ​បក​ប្រែឯកសារ និង​​​កម្មវិធី​​គូប៊ុនទូ​ជា​ភាសា​អ្នក​បាន​ ។ ដើម្បី​​ជួយ​អ្នក​អាច ៖ + + +ប្រើ​ ប្រព័ន្ធ​បក​ប្រែ​ Rosetta ដែល​មាន​មូលដ្ឋាន​លើ​បណ្តាញ​នឹង​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​វាងាយ​ស្រួល​ក្នុង​ការ​បក​ប្រែ​កម្មវិធី​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​ជា​ភាសា​របស់​អ្នក​ ។ ទោះ​បី​ថា អ្នក​ទើប​តែ​បក​ប្រែ​បាន​ពីរបី​បន្ទាត់​ក៏ដោយ អ្នក​អាច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​ភាព​ប្រែប្រួល​យ៉ាង​ខ្លាំង​សម្រាប់​នរណា​ម្នាក់​នៅ​ក្នុងប្រទេស​របស់​អ្នក​ដែល​ទើប​តែបាន​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ស្វែង​យល់​អំពី​កុំព្យូទ័រ និង​កម្មវិធី​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ ។ + + +បក​ប្រែ​ទំព័រវីគីដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារវីគី ។ + + +សាក​ល្បង​ថា ពុម្ពអក្សរ​ជា​ភាសាមូលដ្ឋាន​ និង​ការ​បង្ហាញ​របស់​អ្នក​ដំណើរការ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ។ បើ​ពួក​វា​ដំណើរ​ការ​មិនបាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ទេ សូម​ចងក្រង​របាយការណ៍​កំហុស​អំពី​បញ្ហានេះ​ ។ + + +អ្នក​អាច​ទំនាក់​ទំនង និង​ចូល​រួម​ជា​មួយ​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​ LoCo Team និង​ឆានែល​ IRC មូល​ដ្ឋាន​​​ (ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត​អាច​មាន​នៅលើ​ទំព័រវីគី​ LoCoTeam List) ដើម្បី​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​​ជាមួយ​អ្នកប្រើផ្សេង​ទៀត​នៅ​ក្នុង​តំបន់​​​ ដូច្នេះ​អ្នក​អាច​សម្របសម្រួល​កិច្ច​​​បក​ប្រែ​របស់​អ្នក​បាន​ ។ សូម​ចូល​រួម​ជា​មួយ​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​-បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​អ្នក​បក​ប្រែ​ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​មាន​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជា​ប្រចាំ​ជា​មួយ​អ្នក​បក​ប្រែ​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + + +សរសេរ​ឯកសារ + +បើ​​អ្នក​មិន​អាច​ដោះ​ស្រាយ​បញ្ហា​នេះ​បាន មាន​ន័យ​ថា​អ្នក​ផ្សេង​ក៏​អាច​ជួប​ប្រទះ​នឹង​បញ្ហា​នេះ​ផង​ដែរ​ ។ បើ​​​អ្នក​នៅ​តែ​មិន​អាច​សរសេរ​កូដ​ដើម្បី​ដោះ​ស្រាយបញ្ហា​នេះបាន អ្នក​អាច​ជួយ​អ្នក​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដោយ​សរសេរ​ឯកសារអំពី​ដំណោះ​ស្រាយ​នេះ​​ ។ គ្រប់​ទំព័រ​ជំនួយ និង​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​អស់​​នៅ​ក្នុង​គូប៊ុនទូ​ត្រូវ​បាន​សរសេរ​ដោយ​សមាជិក​របស់​សហគមន៍​ស្ម័គ្រចិត្ត​ដែល​បាន​មក​ជួប​ជុំ​គ្នា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ក្រុម​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ​របស់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ហើយ​អ្នក​អាច​ជួយ​ពួក​គេ​តាមរយៈ​​មធ្យោបាយ​មួយ​ចំនួន ៖ + + +ពិនិត្យមើល​​​​ឯកសារ​ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់​ ដើម្បីមើល​ថា​ តើ​វា​មាន​និយាយ​អំពី​បញ្ហា​របស់​អ្នក​ឬ​អត់ ។ បើ​វា​និយាយ​ អ្នក​អាច​បន្ថែមទៅ​កាន់​វា ឬ​កែ​សម្រួល​វា ឬ​ក៏​យក​កំហុស​ចេញ​ (ដូច​ជា​កំហុស​ typos កំហុស​វេយ្យាករណ៍ និង​អក្ខរាវិរុទ្ធ ព្រម​ទាំង​​កំហុស​បច្ចេក​ទេសជា​ដើម​​) និង​អាច​ផ្ញើ​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ និង​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ណា​មួយ​ទៅកាន់​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួមរបស់​​ក្រុម​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ​បាន ។ + + +បើ​គ្មាន​ឯកសារ​ដែល​ពាក់​ព័ន្ធ​ទេ អ្នក​អាច​បន្ថែម​ទំព័រនៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារវីគី​ដែល​ជា​សហគមន៍​វីគី​ផ្សេង​ទៀត សម្រាប់​​កែ​សម្រួល និង​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ ។ ក្រៅ​ពី​បាន​ឆ្លើយ​សំណួរ​ពីរ​ដង​ ឬ​ច្រើន​ដង​រួច​ហើយ សូម​សរសេរ​ចម្លើយ​ និង​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​វា​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​គ្រប់​គ្នា​នៅ​ក្នុងទំព័រ​វីគី ។ + + +អាន​​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​វេទិការ​របស់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​ពិនិត្យ​រក​មើលសុក្រឹតភាពរបស់​វេទិការ រួច​ដាក់​ពួក​វា​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារ​វីគី ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ទាក់​ទង​ជាមួយ​ក្រុម​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ អ្នក​អាច​ចូល​រួម​ជា​មួយ​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​របស់​ក្រុម​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ​ ព្រម​ទាំង​អាច​ចូល​រួម​ជា​មួយឆានែល​​ #kubuntu-doc IRC នៅ​លើ​ irc.freenode.net ផង​ដែរ ។ + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/oc/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/oc/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/oc/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/oc/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,555 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contributing To The <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about how you can help Kubuntu and get involved in the community. + + + + + +Introduccion + + +The Kubuntu community consist of individuals and teams, working on different aspects of the +distribution, packaging software, testing, bug traiging, and helping to promote Kubuntu to +a wider audience. All of the software, artwork and documentation has been created, tested, +used and discussed openly by people around the world participating in the Open Source +community made possible by the Internet. So we invite you, to help shape Kubuntu, to better +meet your needs. + + + + + Spreading the word + + +The easiest way to give back to the Kubuntu community is by sharing Kubuntu with others: Recommend +Kubuntu to others, show them how to download and install Kubuntu and the possibilities and +qualities of Open Source Software. As our community grows, it will become more accepted and +supported. Here are some of the steps you can take: + + + + +Give a talk at your local school, Linux User Group or library on Kubuntu. There are lots of +notes from pervious talks given by others in several languages available on the wiki. + + + + +Get CDs from ShipIt and distribute them to +people who might be interested. Drop them off at libraries, Internet Cafes, schools, computer shops +or anywhere else where people use computers. Please help people to use and understand Kubuntu if they +approach you for help. + + + + +Join or start a Local Community Team - discuss the possibilities that Kubuntu brings up, and if you +like Kubuntu it is likely that others around you like it as well! See the "Going Local!" section for details. + + + + + + + Local Teams + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + + Translating Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + + +Translate popular wiki pages within the Documentation Wiki. + + + + + Test that your local language fonts and display works correctly. If they don't, file bug +reports on the issues. + + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + + Writing Documentation + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + + +Read through the documentation in the Ubuntu Forums and check them for accuracy, and put them in the Documentation Wiki. + + + + +To get in touch with the Documentation Team you can join Documentation team mailing list and also the #kubuntu-doc IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/pt_BR/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/pt_BR/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/pt_BR/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/pt_BR/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,489 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contribuindo com o projeto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento aborda como você pode contribuir, e envolver-se com a comunidade do Kubuntu + + + + +Introdução + +A comunidade do Kubuntu é composta de indivíduos e equipes, trabalhando em diferentes aspectos da distribuição, empacotando programas, verificando falhas, e ajudando a promover o Kubuntu para um público mais vasto. Todos os programas, artes e documentações foram criados, testados, utilizados e discutidos abertamente por pessoas ao redor de todo o mundo que participam da comunidade código livre possibilitada pela Internet. Por isso, convidamos você, para ajudar a moldar o Kubuntu, para melhor atender às suas necessidades. + + + +Espalhando a mensagem + +A maneira mais fácil de devolver isso à comunidade Kubuntu é compartilhando o Kubuntu com os outros: Recomende o Kubuntu para os outros, mostre-lhes como baixar e instalar o Kubuntu e as possibilidades e qualidades dos programas que possuem código aberto. Assim, a nossa comunidade cresce, torna-se mais aceita e apoiada. Aqui estão alguns dos passos que você pode seguir: + + +Comente em sua escola, grupo de usuários Linux, ou biblioteca sobre o Kubuntu. Existem várias tópicos de conversas abertas em várias linguagens, disponíveis no wiki. + + +Obtenha CDs através do ShipIt e distribua para as pessoas que possam estar interessadas. Deixe-os em bibliotecas, cyber cafés, escolas, lojas de informática ou em qualquer outro lugar onde as pessoas usem computadores. Por favor, ajude as pessoas a utilizar e compreender o Kubuntu caso elas se aproximem de você a procura de ajuda. + + +Junte-se a uma comunidade local: discuta as possibilidades que o Kubuntu pode trazer. Se você gosta do Kubuntu, provavelmente, as pessoas que estão ao seu redor, gostarão também! Veja a sessão "Tornando-se local" para maiores detalhes. + + + + + +Times locais + +Se você quiser conhecer outros usuários do Kubuntu em sua área, você deve procurar uma equipe da Comunidade Ubuntu Local (LoCoTeam for short) para participar. Há equipes LoCo espalhadas por todo o mundo, e você pode encontrar uma lista de todas elas aqui. Se não houver uma equipe LoCo perto de você, você pode começar um nova! Basta seguir as instruções na wiki. Para obter mais informação você pode assinar a lista de discussão do seu LoCoTeam local ou entrar no canal do IRC (detalhes podem ser encontrados na wiki do LoCoTeam) e leia também a wiki do LoCoTeams. + + + +Traduzindo o Kubuntu + +Se a sua língua materna não é o Inglês, mas por acaso você tem, realmente, um bom domínio do Inglês e sente-se confortável usando progemas em Inglês, você pode ajudar a traduzir o Kubuntu e sua documentação para a sua língua nativa. Para ajudar você pode: + + +Usando o Sistema de tradução Rosetta, baseado na web, torna-se fácil a tradução de aplicações do Ubuntu para o seu idioma. Mesmo que você traduza apenas algumas linhas, você pode fazer toda a diferença para alguém em seu próprio país que está apenas começando a aprender sobre computadores e Software Livre. + + +Traduzir páginas de wiki populares, na documentação em wiki. + + +Verifique se as fontes e a exibição de sua linguagem local estão corretas. Caso não estejam, faça um reporte sobre as falhas. + + +Você pode entrar em contato junto a lista de discussão do seu LoCoTeam e no canal IRC (detalhes podem ser encontrados na wiki do LoCoTeam) para entrar em contato com outros usuários da sua região para que possam coordenar seus esforços de tradução. Também se assinar a lista de discussão do grupo de tradutores para ficar em contato com outros tradutores do Ubuntu. + + + +Escrevendo documentação + +Se você for surpreendido por um problema, as chances são de que outros possam tê-lo tido ou estão tendo. Se você não está apto a escrever um código para corrigi-lo, você pode ajudar a todos apenas documentando a solução. Todas as documentações e páginas de ajuda no Kubuntu são escritas por membros voluntários da comunidade, gerenciadas pelo Time de Documentação do Kubuntu Team, e você pode ajudar de várias maneiras: + + +Verifique a documentação existente e veja se cobre o seu problema. Caso não o faça, você pode adicionar conteúdo à documentação, editá-la, ou remover conteúdo com erros (como erros de grafia, gramática, digitação, ou técnicos). Envie qualquer sugestão ou modificações à lista de e-mail do time de documentação. + + +Caso não exista nenhuma documentação pertinente, você pode adicionar uma página no wiki de documentação que, consiste em uma comunidade a parte, para edição e escrita de documentação wiki. Ao invés de responder a questões uma ou duas vezes, escreva, e publique para que todos vejam no wiki. + + +Leia a documentação nos forums do Ubuntu, verifique se são válidas, e então publique-as no wiki de documentação. + + +Para entrar em contato com o time de documentação, você pode se inscrever no grupo de discussão do time, ou ainda pelo canal de IRC #kubuntu-doc na rede irc.freenode.net. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/ru/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/ru/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/ru/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/ru/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,536 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Внести вклад в проект <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ о том, как вы можете помочь Kubuntu и участвовать в сообществе. + + + + +Введение + +Сообщество Kubuntu состоит из команд и отдельных лиц, занимающихся различными аспектами распространения, создания пакетов программного обеспечения, тестирование, устранение ошибок и оказание помощи в продвижении Kubuntu более широкой аудитории. Благодаря интернету люди по всему миру могут участвуют в Open Source сообществе, поэтому всё программное обеспечение, художественные работы и документация создаются, тестируются, и обсуждаются открыто. Чтобы лучше удовлетворить ваши потребности, мы приглашаем вас помочь способствовать формированию Kubuntu. + + + +Распространение + +Самый простой способ отплатить сообществу Kubuntu является обмен Kubuntu с другими: Рекомендовать Kubuntu другим, показать им, как загрузить и установить Kubuntu, а также возможности и качества открытого программного обеспечения. При росте нашего сообщества, оно станет лучше поддерживаться и будет более признанным. Вот несколько шагов, которые вы можете предпринять: + + + +Give a talk at your local school, Linux User Group or library on Kubuntu. There are lots of +notes from pervious talks given by others in several languages available on the wiki. + + + +Получите компакт-диски с ShipIt и распространяйте их среди людей, которые могут быть заинтересованы. Раздавайте их в библиотеках, интернет-кафе, школах, компьютерных магазинах или в другом месте, где люди используют компьютеры. Пожалуйста, помогайте людям в использование и понимание Kubuntu, если они подходят к вам за помощью. + + + +Join or start a Local Community Team - discuss the possibilities that Kubuntu brings up, and if you +like Kubuntu it is likely that others around you like it as well! See the "Going Local!" section for details. + + + + + + +Местные команды + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + +Перевод Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + + +Translate popular wiki pages within the Documentation Wiki. + + + + + Test that your local language fonts and display works correctly. If they don't, file bug +reports on the issues. + + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + + Writing Documentation + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + + +Read through the documentation in the Ubuntu Forums and check them for accuracy, and put them in the Documentation Wiki. + + + + +To get in touch with the Documentation Team you can join Documentation team mailing list and also the #kubuntu-doc IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sk/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sk/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sk/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sk/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,555 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contributing To The <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about how you can help Kubuntu and get involved in the community. + + + + + +Introduction + + +The Kubuntu community consist of individuals and teams, working on different aspects of the +distribution, packaging software, testing, bug traiging, and helping to promote Kubuntu to +a wider audience. All of the software, artwork and documentation has been created, tested, +used and discussed openly by people around the world participating in the Open Source +community made possible by the Internet. So we invite you, to help shape Kubuntu, to better +meet your needs. + + + + + Spreading the word + + +The easiest way to give back to the Kubuntu community is by sharing Kubuntu with others: Recommend +Kubuntu to others, show them how to download and install Kubuntu and the possibilities and +qualities of Open Source Software. As our community grows, it will become more accepted and +supported. Here are some of the steps you can take: + + + + +Give a talk at your local school, Linux User Group or library on Kubuntu. There are lots of +notes from pervious talks given by others in several languages available on the wiki. + + + + +Get CDs from ShipIt and distribute them to +people who might be interested. Drop them off at libraries, Internet Cafes, schools, computer shops +or anywhere else where people use computers. Please help people to use and understand Kubuntu if they +approach you for help. + + + + +Join or start a Local Community Team - discuss the possibilities that Kubuntu brings up, and if you +like Kubuntu it is likely that others around you like it as well! See the "Going Local!" section for details. + + + + + + + Local Teams + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + + Translating Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + + +Translate popular wiki pages within the Documentation Wiki. + + + + + Test that your local language fonts and display works correctly. If they don't, file bug +reports on the issues. + + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + + Writing Documentation + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + + +Read through the documentation in the Ubuntu Forums and check them for accuracy, and put them in the Documentation Wiki. + + + + +To get in touch with the Documentation Team you can join Documentation team mailing list and also the #kubuntu-doc IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sl/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sl/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sl/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sl/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,555 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contributing To The <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about how you can help Kubuntu and get involved in the community. + + + + + +Introduction + + +The Kubuntu community consist of individuals and teams, working on different aspects of the +distribution, packaging software, testing, bug traiging, and helping to promote Kubuntu to +a wider audience. All of the software, artwork and documentation has been created, tested, +used and discussed openly by people around the world participating in the Open Source +community made possible by the Internet. So we invite you, to help shape Kubuntu, to better +meet your needs. + + + + + Spreading the word + + +The easiest way to give back to the Kubuntu community is by sharing Kubuntu with others: Recommend +Kubuntu to others, show them how to download and install Kubuntu and the possibilities and +qualities of Open Source Software. As our community grows, it will become more accepted and +supported. Here are some of the steps you can take: + + + + +Give a talk at your local school, Linux User Group or library on Kubuntu. There are lots of +notes from pervious talks given by others in several languages available on the wiki. + + + + +Get CDs from ShipIt and distribute them to +people who might be interested. Drop them off at libraries, Internet Cafes, schools, computer shops +or anywhere else where people use computers. Please help people to use and understand Kubuntu if they +approach you for help. + + + + +Join or start a Local Community Team - discuss the possibilities that Kubuntu brings up, and if you +like Kubuntu it is likely that others around you like it as well! See the "Going Local!" section for details. + + + + + + + Local Teams + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + + Translating Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + + +Translate popular wiki pages within the Documentation Wiki. + + + + + Test that your local language fonts and display works correctly. If they don't, file bug +reports on the issues. + + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + + Writing Documentation + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + + +Read through the documentation in the Ubuntu Forums and check them for accuracy, and put them in the Documentation Wiki. + + + + +To get in touch with the Documentation Team you can join Documentation team mailing list and also the #kubuntu-doc IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sr/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sr/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sr/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sr/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,555 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Contributing To The <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Project +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about how you can help Kubuntu and get involved in the community. + + + + + +Introduction + + +The Kubuntu community consist of individuals and teams, working on different aspects of the +distribution, packaging software, testing, bug traiging, and helping to promote Kubuntu to +a wider audience. All of the software, artwork and documentation has been created, tested, +used and discussed openly by people around the world participating in the Open Source +community made possible by the Internet. So we invite you, to help shape Kubuntu, to better +meet your needs. + + + + + Spreading the word + + +The easiest way to give back to the Kubuntu community is by sharing Kubuntu with others: Recommend +Kubuntu to others, show them how to download and install Kubuntu and the possibilities and +qualities of Open Source Software. As our community grows, it will become more accepted and +supported. Here are some of the steps you can take: + + + + +Give a talk at your local school, Linux User Group or library on Kubuntu. There are lots of +notes from pervious talks given by others in several languages available on the wiki. + + + + +Get CDs from ShipIt and distribute them to +people who might be interested. Drop them off at libraries, Internet Cafes, schools, computer shops +or anywhere else where people use computers. Please help people to use and understand Kubuntu if they +approach you for help. + + + + +Join or start a Local Community Team - discuss the possibilities that Kubuntu brings up, and if you +like Kubuntu it is likely that others around you like it as well! See the "Going Local!" section for details. + + + + + + + Local Teams + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + + Translating Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + + +Translate popular wiki pages within the Documentation Wiki. + + + + + Test that your local language fonts and display works correctly. If they don't, file bug +reports on the issues. + + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + + Writing Documentation + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + + +Read through the documentation in the Ubuntu Forums and check them for accuracy, and put them in the Documentation Wiki. + + + + +To get in touch with the Documentation Team you can join Documentation team mailing list and also the #kubuntu-doc IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sv/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sv/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/sv/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/sv/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,555 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bidra till <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-projektet +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about how you can help Kubuntu and get involved in the community. + + + + + +Introduktion + + +The Kubuntu community consist of individuals and teams, working on different aspects of the +distribution, packaging software, testing, bug traiging, and helping to promote Kubuntu to +a wider audience. All of the software, artwork and documentation has been created, tested, +used and discussed openly by people around the world participating in the Open Source +community made possible by the Internet. So we invite you, to help shape Kubuntu, to better +meet your needs. + + + + + Spreading the word + + +The easiest way to give back to the Kubuntu community is by sharing Kubuntu with others: Recommend +Kubuntu to others, show them how to download and install Kubuntu and the possibilities and +qualities of Open Source Software. As our community grows, it will become more accepted and +supported. Here are some of the steps you can take: + + + + +Give a talk at your local school, Linux User Group or library on Kubuntu. There are lots of +notes from pervious talks given by others in several languages available on the wiki. + + + + +Get CDs from ShipIt and distribute them to +people who might be interested. Drop them off at libraries, Internet Cafes, schools, computer shops +or anywhere else where people use computers. Please help people to use and understand Kubuntu if they +approach you for help. + + + + +Join or start a Local Community Team - discuss the possibilities that Kubuntu brings up, and if you +like Kubuntu it is likely that others around you like it as well! See the "Going Local!" section for details. + + + + + + +Lokala grupper + + +If you want to meet other Kubuntu users in your area, you should look for a Local Ubuntu Community team +(LoCo team for short) to join. There are LoCo teams spread out all over the world, and you can find a +list of all of them here. If there isn't a +LoCo team near you, you can start a new one! Just follow the instructions on the wiki. To get more +information you can join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be found on +the LoCoTeam List wiki page) and also read the LoCoTeams wiki page + + + + +Översätta Kubuntu + + +If your home language is not English but you happen to have really good English skills and are +comfortable using software in English, you help to translate the Kubuntu applications and documentation +into your native language. To help out you can: + + + + +Using the web-based Rosetta translation system makes it easy to translate Ubuntu applications into your language. Even if you just translate a few lines you may +make all the difference to someone in your own country who is just starting to learn about +computers and Free Software. + + + + +Translate popular wiki pages within the Documentation Wiki. + + + + + Test that your local language fonts and display works correctly. If they don't, file bug +reports on the issues. + + + + +You can get in touch with join your local LoCo Team mailing list and IRC channel (details can be +found on the LoCoTeam List wiki page) to get in touch with other users in your region so you can +coordinate your translation efforts. Also join the Ubuntu-Translators mailing list to stay in touch +with other Ubuntu translators. + + + + +Skriva dokumentation + + +If you get stumped by a problem, chances are that others might have had it or are currently +experiencing it. If you are not currently able to write code to fix the problem, you can help everyone +else out by documenting the solution. All documentation and help pages in Kubuntu are written by +volunteer community members gathered in the Kubuntu Documentation Team, and you can help out in a number +of ways: + + + + +Check the existing documentation to see if it covers your problem. If it does, you can add to it, edit +it or remove errors (such as typos, grammar and spelling, and technical errors), send any suggestions +and changes to the Documentation Team mailing list. + + + + +If no relevant documentation exists, you can add a page in the Documentation Wiki which is a separate community wiki for editing and writing documentation. Rather than answer a question two or more times, write up the answer and make it available to everyone in the wiki. + + + + +Read through the documentation in the Ubuntu Forums and check them for accuracy, and put them in the Documentation Wiki. + + + + +To get in touch with the Documentation Team you can join Documentation team mailing list and also the #kubuntu-doc IRC channel on irc.freenode.net. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/uk/contribute.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/uk/contribute.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/contribute/uk/contribute.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/contribute/uk/contribute.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,489 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Участь у Проекті <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено відомості щодо того, як ви можете допомогти Kubuntu, та того, як долучитися до спільноти дистрибутива. + + + + +Вступ + +Спільнота Kubuntu складається з окремих осіб і команд, які працюють над різними частинами дистрибутива, пакуванням програмного забезпечення, тестуванням, виявленням вад і допомоги щодо розширення кола користувачів Kubuntu. Все програмне забезпечення, оформлення та документація до дистрибутива створюються, перевіряються, використовуються та відкрито обговорюються людьми з усього світу, що беруть участь у спільноті вільного програмного забезпечення, роботу якої забезпечує інтернет. Отже, ми запрошуємо вас допомогти у покращенні Kubuntu згідно до ваших потреб та уподобань. + + + +Інформаційна робота + +Найпростішим шляхом віддячити спільноті Kubuntu є розширення кола користувачів Kubuntu: рекомендуйте Kubuntu іншим користувачам, розповідайте про те, як звантажити та встановити Kubuntu, інформуйте про можливості та переваги вільного програмного забезпечення. Зі зростанням спільноти система ставатиме кращою та підтримуванішою. Ось декілька способів поширення інформації: + + +Організуйте присвячену Kubuntu зустріч у місцевій школі, приміщенні групи користувачів Linux (LUG) або бібліотеці. У вікі проекту можна знайти нотатки щодо проведення подібних зустрічей декількома мовами. + + +Замовте компакт-диски за допомогою ShipIt і поширюйте їх серед зацікавлених людей. Залишайте компакт-диски у бібліотеках, інтернет-кафе, школах, комп’ютерних магазинах або будь-де, де люди користуються комп’ютерами. Будь ласка, надайте допомогу людям у користуванні та навчанні роботі з Kubuntu, якщо вони звернуться до вас по допомогу. + + +Долучайтеся або створюйте місцеві команди спільноти. Обговорюйте можливості Kubuntu, оскільки Kubuntu подобається вам, вона сподобається і іншим користувачам! Докладніше про це у розділі щодо місцевих команд. + + + + + +Місцеві команди + +Якщо ви бажаєте тримати зв’язок з іншими користувачами Kubuntu у вашій місцевості, вам слід пошукати команду місцевої спільноти Ubuntu (або скорочено команду LoCo) і долучитися до неї. Команди LoCo створено у всьому світі, список всіх команд можна знайти тут. якщо такої команди поряд немає, ви можете створити нову! Просто виконайте настанови з вікі. Щоб дізнатися більше, ви можете підписатися на список листування місцевої команди LoCo або скористатися каналом IRC (докладніші відомості наведено на сторінці вікі зі списком команд LoCo). + + + +Переклад Kubuntu + +Якщо вашою рідною мовою не є англійська, але ви добре знаєте англійську та розумієтеся на користуванні програмним забезпеченням з англомовним інтерфейсом, ви можете допомогти у перекладі програм та документації до Kubuntu вашою рідною мовою. Щоб допомогти, ви можете: + + +Долучитися до команди перекладу KDE або скористатися мережевою системою перекладу Rosetta. Rosetta робить простим вибірковий неорганізований переклад, що може призвести до значних неузгодженостей у перекладі та очевидних помилок. Крім того, ваші переклади буде вилучено у разі, якщо відповідні переклади буде зроблено у основній гілці перекладів програми (upstream). + + +Перекласти популярні сторінки вікі з документацією. + + +Перевірити, чи працює інтерфейс та шрифти для запису вашої мови. Якщо ви виявите помилки, створіть повідомлення про ваду у системі стеження за вадами. + + +Ви можете підписатися на список листування вашої місцевої команди LoCo або відвідати канал IRC (подробиці можна знайти на сторінці LoCoTeam — української сторінки все ще не створено), щоб зв’язатися з іншими користувачами у вашій країні для координування ваших спільних зусиль з перекладу. Крім того, ви можете підписатися на список листування Ubuntu-Translators, щоб тримати зв’язок з рештою перекладачів Ubuntu. + + + +Створення документації + +Якщо ви зіткнулися з проблемою, ймовірно, з нею вже стикалися або зіткнуться інші користувачі. Якщо ви не в змозі змінити програму так, щоб виправити проблему, ви можете допомогти іншими документуванням вирішення проблеми. Всі сторінки з документацією та довідкою у Kubuntu написано спільнотою добровольців, зібраною у команду з документування Kubuntu (Kubuntu Documentation Team). Ви можете допомогти у декілька способів: + + +Перевірити існуючу документацію на відповідність поточній проблемі. Якщо ви знайдете відповідну документацію, ви можете доповнити її, змінити деякі моменти або усунути помилки (зокрема друкарські помилки, орфографічні та пунктуаційні помилки, а також технічні помилки), надіслати пропозиції або зміни до списку листування команди з документування. + + +Якщо вам не вдасться знайти відповідної документації, ви можете додати сторінку до вікі документації (Documentation Wiki), окремої вікі спільноти, призначеної для редагування і створення документації. Щоб не переписувати відповідь на питання кожного разу, створіть сторінку з відповіддю, доступ до якої зможе отримати будь-хто, хто користується вікі. + + +Ознайомтеся з документацією на форумах Ubuntu, перевірте точність викладених настанов і додайте їх до вікі. + + +Для підтримання зв’язку з командою з документування підпишіться на відповідний список листування або скористайтеся каналом IRC #kubuntu-doc на irc.freenode.net. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/de/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/de/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/de/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/de/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,736 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Die Kubuntu-Arbeitsumgebung +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument beschreibt die Einrichtung der Kubuntu-Arbeitsumgebung, des Layouts und des Designs. + + + + + +Einführung in die Personalisierung der Arbeitsumgebung + +Ein großer Vorteil von KDE ist die Möglichkeit, jede Kleinigkeit der Arbeitsumgebung anzupassen: Hintergrundbilder, Designs, Miniprogramme, Farbschemas, Startbildschirme und noch mehr. Der Vorstellungskraft sind keine Grenzen gesetzt. + +KDE-Look.org ist die Website für KDE-Anpassungen. Einige KDE-Anwendungen können sogar eine direkte Verbindung zu KDE-Look herstellen, um Einstellungen oder Bilder herunterzuladen. + +Weitere Informationen zur Anpassung der Arbeitsumgebung finden Sie in der Dokumentation der Systemeinstellungen-Module (siehe Inhaltsübersicht links). + + + + + +Tipps zur Arbeitsumgebung + +Dieser Abschnitt stellt einige Tipps zur Benutzung und Anpassung der Arbeitsumgebung bereit. + + +Programme automatisch beim Start von KDE ausführen + + + +Die einfachste Möglichkeit, Programme automatisch beim Start von KDE auszuführen, ist die Verwendung der Sitzungsverwaltung von KDE. KDE kann so eingestellt werden, dass es nach jeder Anmeldung genau richtig aussieht. + + + +Wählen Sie Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungenErweitertSitzungsverwaltung aus dem Abschnitt Erweiterte Benutzereinstellungen im Karteireiter Erweitert. Stellen Sie sicher, dass Manuell gespeicherte Sitzung wiederherstellen aktiviert ist. + + + + +Eine andere Möglichkeit, Anwendungen bei der Anmeldung automatisch zu starten, ist folgende: Kopieren Sie die desktop-Einträge der entsprechenden Anwendungen vom Ordner /usr/share/applications in das Verzeichnis ~/.kde/Autostart in ihrem persönlichen Ordner. (Hinweis: Ordner, die mit einem Punkt beginnen, werden in der grafischen Dateiverwaltung standardmäßig ausgeblendet. Wählen Sie AnsichtVersteckte Dateien anzeigen, um diese in Dolphin zu sehen.) + + + + + +Automatisch bei KDE anmelden, wenn der Computer startet + +Es ist möglich, sich automatisch anmelden zu lassen, wenn der Rechner hochfährt. Dies wird im Normalfall nicht empfohlen, da es unsicher ist und andere Benutzer somit möglicherweise Zugriff auf private Daten haben. + + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungen. Wählen Sie den Anmeldungsmanager im Karteireiter Erweitert. + + + +Geben Sie anschließend das richtige Passwort ein, sobald Sie dazu aufgefordert werden. + + + +Wählen Sie den Reiter Vereinfachung und dort das Ankreuzfeld Automatische Anmeldung erlauben aus. Wählen Sie anschließend den richtigen Benutzer aus dem Auswahlfeld aus. + + + + + +KDE neu starten ohne den Rechner herunterzufahren + + +KDE per Tastatur neu starten + +Stellen Sie sicher, dass das System KDE über die Tastatur neu starten kann. + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungen. + + +Wählen Sie das Bildschirm-Symbol. + + +Wählen Sie das mit „Strg+Alt+Rücktaste startet den xserver neu“ beschriftete Kontrollkästchen. + + +Drücken Sie den Anwenden-Knopf und beenden Sie die Systemeinstellungen. + + + + + +Speichern Sie alle Dateien und schließen Sie alle geöffneten Programme. + + + +Drücken Sie StrgAltRücktaste + + + + + +KDE per Kommandozeile neu starten + +Speichern Sie alle Dateien und schließen Sie alle geöffneten Programme. + + + +Öffnen Sie Konsole über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemTerminal (Konsole). Geben Sie folgendes in die Befehlszeile ein und drücken Sie anschließend die Eingabetaste: +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + +Falls Sie nach Ihrem Passwort gefragt werden, geben Sie dieses ein und bestätigen Sie mit der Eingabetaste. + + + + + +Eine Anwendung von Hand starten + +Manchmal kann es sinnvoll sein, ein Programm von Hand zu starten, beispielsweise wenn kein Menüeintrag vorhanden ist. Mit der Anwendung KRunner ist das sehr einfach. + + + +Öffnen Sie die Anwendung KRunner, indem Sie AltF2 drücken. + + + +Geben Sie den Namen der zu startenden Anwendung ein und drücken Sie die Eingabetaste. + + + + + +NumLock-Funktion beim Start von KDE automatisch aktivieren + + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungen. Wählen Sie anschließend den Eintrag Tastatur & Maus aus. + + + +Suchen Sie im Bereich Tastatur den Abschnitt Zahlenblock beim KDE-Start und wählen Sie den Auswahlknopf einschalten. Drücken Sie Anwenden, um die Einstellungen zu speichern. + + + +Bei der nächsten Anmeldung in KDE wird die Änderung wirksam. Um die Einstellung sofort zu testen, deaktivieren Sie NumLock und starten Sie KDE neu (siehe ). + + + +Help:/-Verknüpfungen in Firefox genau wie in Konqueror behandeln + +Firefox ist nicht von Anfang an installiert; damit diese Anweisungen funktionieren, muss Firefox also schon installiert worden sein. Weitere Informationen zur Installation finden Sie unter Anwendungen hinzufügen. + +Konqueror kann mit help:/-URLs von Anfang an umgehen. Auch Firefox kann diese genauso behandeln; die Einrichtung von Firefox muss allerdings manuell bearbeitet werden, damit dies einwandfrei funktioniert. Die folgenden Schritte helfen bei der Einrichtung. + + + +Starten Sie Firefox über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenInternetWebbrowser. + + + +Geben Sie about:config in die Adressleiste ein und drücken Sie die Eingabetaste. + + + +Klicken Sie mit der rechten Maustaste auf die Liste und wählen Sie NeuBoolean. Geben Sie network.protocol-handler.external.help als Eigenschaftsnamen und true als Wert ein. + + + +Klicken Sie nochmals mit der rechten Maustaste auf die Liste und wählen Sie NeuString. Geben Sie network.protocol-handler.external.help als Eigenschaftsnamen und khelpcenter als Wert ein. Drücken Sie den OK-Knopf wenn Sie fertig sind. + + + + + +Kickoff-Anwendungsstarter bearbeiten + +Kubuntu bringt den KDE-Menü.Editor mit, damit Menüs angepasst und zusätzliche Einträge für nicht automatisch dort erscheinende Anwendungen hinzugefügt werden können. Folgen Sie den folgenden Anweisungen zum Hinzufügen, Entfernen und Ändern von Menüeinträgen: + + + +Öffnen Sie den KDE-Menü-Editor, indem Sie AltF2 drücken, kmenuedit eingeben und die Eingabetaste drücken. + + + +Wählen Sie das Untermenü, in welchem der neue Eintrag erscheinen soll, aus der linken Leiste des KDE-Menü-Editors aus. + + + +Wählen Sie DateiNeues Element … oder drücken Sie den Knopf Neues Element. Wählen Sie einen Namen und geben Sie anschließend eine Beschreibung, einen Kommentar und den Befehl ein. Durch einen Klick auf das Symbol können Sie dieses ändern. Der Befehl entspricht üblicherweise dem Namen des Pakets und Name ist der Eintrag, der im Menü erscheint. Symbole werden normalerweise aus dem Ordner /usr/share/icons/icon_theme ausgewählt, können sich aber in jedem Ordner befinden. + + + +Um die Reihenfolge der Menüeinträge zu ändern, klicken und und ziehen Sie den Eintrag im KDE-Menü-Editor. + + + + +Zusätzliche Schriftarten installieren + +Dieser Abschnitt beschreibt die Installation zusätzlicher Schriftarten aus den Kubuntu-Paketquellen. + + + +Für Internationale Zeichensätze installieren Sie folgende Pakete (bitte sehen Sie unter Anwendungen hinzufügen nach, um Informationen zu erhalten, wie zusätzliche Anwendungen zu installieren sind): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +Für die Microsoft TrueType core fonts, die wichtigsten TrueType-Schriftarten von Microsoft, installieren Sie bitte das Paket ttf-mscorefonts-installer. + + + +Für die Ghostscript-Schriftarten installieren Sie bitte das Paket gsfonts-x11 (für Hilfe zur Installation weiterer Anwendungen schauen Sie bitte in der Dokumentation unter Anwendungen hinzufügen nach). + + + +Andere Schriftarten können einfach installiert werden, indem Sie Konqueror öffnen und fonts:/ in die Adressleiste eingeben. Indem Sie sie in den entsprechenden Ordner ziehen, kann sie Schriftart nun nur für den Benutzer oder systemweit installiert werden. + + + + + + +Das Design ändern + + + + +Kubuntu ermöglicht es Ihnen, Designs einfach auszuwechseln. Wählen Sie den Kickoff-Anwendungsstarter (K-Menü) + + + +Wählen Sie AnwendungenEinstellungen + + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen. + + + +Klicken Sie auf Erscheinungsbild und wählen Sie anschließend den Reiter Arbeitsbereich. + + + + +Nun können Sie aus einer Liste installierter Designs auswählen. + + + +Um ein neues Design zu installieren, drücken Sie den Knopf unten rechts + + + +Wählen Sie hier eine Quelle aus und suchen Sie nach dem gewünschten Design. + + + +Sobald es heruntergeladen und installiert wurde, erscheint es in der Liste installierter Designs und kann dort ausgewählt werden. + + + + + + + +Neue Miniprogramme zur Arbeitsfläche hinzufügen + +Miniprogramme werden direkt von der Arbeitsfläche aus hinzugefügt. + + + +Ein Klick auf das kleine, Cashewkern-förmige, gelbe Symbol (oben rechts) öffnet ein Menü. + + +Wählen Sie Miniprogramme hinzufügen … (gegebenenfalls vorher Miniprogramme entsperren), um eine Liste installierter Miniprogramme zu erhalten. + + +Hier kann man das gewünschte Miniprogramm auswählen. + + + + + +Um ein neues Miniprogramm zu installieren, steht der Knopf Neue Miniprogramme holen zur Verfügung. + + +Sie können nun neue Miniprogramme aus dem Internet suchen und holen oder bereits heruntergeladene Miniprogramme installieren. Folgen Sie einfach den Anweisungen auf dem Bildschirm. + + + + + + +Eine Kontrollleiste hinzufügen + + +Ein Klick auf das kleine, Cashewkern-förmige, gelbe Symbol (oben rechts) öffnet ein Menü. + + +Klicken Sie auf Kontrollleiste hinzufügen + + +Die neue Kontrollleiste besitzt ein gelbes Cashewkern-Symbol, mit dessen Hilfe man Einstellungen vornehmen kann. Klicken Sie dazu mit der linken Maustaste darauf. + + + +Sie können nun Höhe, Breite und andere Eigenschaften der Leiste einstellen sowie Miniprogramme darauf anordnen. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/es/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/es/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/es/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/es/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,773 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +El escritorio Kubuntu +&legalnotice; + +Este documento es para configurar el escritorio Kubuntu la disposición y los temas. + + + + + +Introducción a la personalización del escritorio + +Un gran hecho en KDE es la posibilidad de personalizar casi todos los aspectos del entorno de escritorio. Fondos de pantalla, temas, widgets, esquemas de colores, pantallas de inicio y mucho más, las opciones de personalización son infinitas. + +KDE-Look.org es el lugar número uno para encontrar configuraciones personalizadas para el escritorio KDE. Algunas de las aplicaciones dentro de KDE incluso permiten conectar directamente a KDE-Look para descargar una nueva configuración o imagen. + +Para más información sobre la personalización del escritorio, revise la Documentación de la configuración del sistema. + + + + + +Consejos para el escritorio + +Esta sección ofrece algunos consejos para usar y personalizar el escritorio. + + +Ejecutar programas automáticamente cuando KDE se inicia + + + +La forma más fácil de ejecutar programas automáticamente cuando se inicia KDE es utilizar Gestor de sesiones de KDE. KDE puede ser configurado exactamente como quieras en cada inicio. + + + +Escoja Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff Preferencias del sistemaAvanzadoGestor de sesiones de la pestaña Avanzada en la parte superior y después en la sección Preferencias para usuarios avanzados. Pulse en el botón Gestor de sesiones en la derecha. Asegúrese que la casilla Restaurar sesión guardada manualmente está seleccionada. + + + + +Otro método para iniciar programas de forma automática en el inicio es copiar la entrada de escritorio de la aplicación desde /usr/share/applications al directorio ~/.kde/Autostart. + + + + + +Iniciar sesión en KDE automáticamente al arrancar el equipo + +Es posible el acceso de un usuario de forma automática cuando arranca el equipo. Esto no es recomendable para la mayoría de los equipos, ya que no es seguro y puede permitir que otros usuarios tengan acceso a información privada. + + + +Vaya a Preferencias del Sistema a través del Lanzador de Aplicaciones KickoffEquipoPreferencias del sistema. En la pestaña Avanzado, seleccione Gestor de acceso. + + + +Pulse en el Modo administrador... e introduzca lo contraseña de usuario adecuada para obtener privilegios administrativos. + + + +Seleccione la pestaña Comodidad. Marque la casilla Habilitar inicio de sesión automático y seleccione el usuario para iniciar automáticamente desde el menú desplegable y especifique un intervalo de tiempo apropiado. + + + + + +Reiniciar KDE sin reiniciar la maquina + + +Reiniciar KDE vía teclado + +Asegure que el sistema tiene la capacidad de reiniciar KDE vía teclado. + + +Abra Configuración del sistema yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffEquipoConfiguración de sistema. + + +Seleccione el icono de Pantalla. + + +Seleccione la casilla etiquetada como «Ctrl+Alt+Retroceso reinicia el servidor X». + + +Pulse el botón Aplicar y cierre Configuración de sistema. + + + + + +Guarde y cierre todas las aplicaciones abiertas. + + + +Pulse CtrlAltRetroceso + + + + + +Reiniciar KDE vía consola + +Guarde y cierre todas las aplicaciones abiertas. + + + +Abra Konsole a través del Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaTerminal (Konsole). En la linea de órdenes escriba lo siguiente y presione la tecla Intro (si le pide una contraseña, escriba la contraseña del usuario apropiado seguido de la tecla Intro ): +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +Iniciar un programa manualmente + +A veces puede ser útil iniciar un programa manualmente, por ejemplo cuando el programa no tiene una entrada en el menú. Esto es fácil de hacer con la aplicación KRunner. + + + +Abrir la aplicación KRunner pulsando AltF2 + + + +Introduzca el nombre del programa a ejecutar y pulse la tecla Intro. + + + + + +Activar de manera automatica BloqNum cuando KDE inicie + + + +Abrir Preferencias del Sistema a través de Lanzador de Aplicaciones KickoffEquipoPreferencias del Sistema. En la ventana Preferencias del Sistema, seleccione la opción Teclado y Ratón. + + + +En la sección Teclado, localice la subsección Bloqueo numérico en el inicio de KDE, habilite la casilla Activar. Haz clic en Aplicar para salvar la configuración. + + + +Los cambios tendrán efecto en el siguiente inicio de KDE. Para probarlo inmediatamente, desactive el bloqueo numérico y reinicie KDE (ver ). + + + +Manejar vínculos help:/ en Firefox como Konqueror + +Firefox no está instalado, así que para que funcione esto, Firefox ya debe estar instalado. Consulte Añadir aplicaciones para más información sobre instalar aplicaciones. + +Konqueror puede manejar las URL con protocolo help:/ predeterminado. De la misma manera, Firefox también puede manejarlas. La configuración de Firefox debe ser editada manualmente para que lo haga correctamente. El siguiente procedimiento le ayudará con dicha configuración. + + + +Inicie Firefox eligiendo Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetNavegador Web. + + + +En la barra de direcciones, teclee about:config y pulse la tecla Intro. + + + +Pulse con el botón derecho en la lista y seleccione NuevoLógico. Escriba network.protocol-handler.external.help como el Nombre de preferencia y true como el Valor. Presione el botón Aceptar para terminar. + + + +Pulsecon el botón derecho en la lista y seleccione NuevoCadena. Escriba network.protocol-handler.app.help como el Nombre de preferencia y khelpcenter como el Valor. Presione el botón Aceptar para terminar. + + + + + +Editar el lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff + +Kubuntu viene con un Editor de menús KDE, de esta manera los menús pueden ser personalizados y añadir entradas para aplicaciones que no aparecen automáticamente después de instalarse. Para añadir, eliminar o modificar una entrada, use el siguiente procedimiento. + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + +En el panel izquierdo del Editor de menús de KDE, elija el submenú en el que desea colocar la nueva entrada. + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + +Para cambiar el orden de las entradas en el menú, pinche y arrastre la entrada en la ventana del Editor de menús de KDE. + + + + +Instalar tipografías adicionales + +Esta sección describe como instalar tipografías extra desde archivadores Kubuntu. + + + +Para tipografías internacionales, instale los siguientes paquetes (acuda a la documentación Añadir aplicaciones para obtener ayuda sobre la instalación de aplicaciones extra): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +Para la fuente Microsoft TrueType, instale el paquete ttf-mscorefonts-installer. + + + +Para obtener Ghostscript fonts, instala el paquete gsfonts-x11 (por favor, lee la documentación en Agregando Aplicaciones para obtener ayuda para instalar otras aplicaciones). + + + +Se pueden instalar tipografías individuales fácilmente abriendo Konqueror y escribiendo fonts:/ en la barra de navegación. La tipografía se puede instalar, ya sea para todo el sistema o para uso personal, arrastrando y soltando en las carpetas respectivas. + + + + + + +Cambiar temas + + + + +Kubuntu permite cambiar los temas de una manera sencilla. Vaya al Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff (Menú K) + + + +Pulse Sistema + + + +Abra Configuración de sistema. + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + +Desde aquí es posible elegir de la lista de temas instalados. + + + +Para instalar un tema nuevo, pulse en el botón abajo a la derecha. + + + +Desde aquí, seleccione la fuente y ejecute una búsqueda del tema deseado. + + + +Una vez que el tema está descargado e instalado, puede ser seleccionado de la lista de temas instalados. + + + + + + + +Añadir un plasmoide nuevo en el escritorio + +Añadir Plasmoides (también llamados Widgets) se hace desde el propio escritorio. + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + +Desde aquí seleccione el widget deseado. + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Añadir un panel nuevo + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + +Pulse en añadir panel + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + +Hay configuraciones para altura, anchura, añadir widgets y todas las otras propiedades del panel. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/et/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/et/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/et/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/et/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,744 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu töölaud +&legalnotice; + +See dokument on Kubuntu töölaua, paigutuse ja teemade seadistamiseks + + + + + +Sissejuhatus töölaua kohandamisse + +Üks tore asi KDE puhul on võimalus töölauakeskkonda igakülgselt kohandada. Taustapildid, teemad, vidinad, värviskeemid, käivitusekraanid ja veel. Kohandamisvõimalused on lõputud. + +KDE-Look.org on olulisim koht, kust KDE töölauale kohandatud seadistusi leida. +Mõned KDE rakendused lubavad isegi otseühendusi KDE-Look-iga selleks, et uut seadistusfaili või tõmmist alla laadida. + +Lisateavet töölaua kohandamise kohta vaata süsteemi seadistuste dokumentatsioonist. + + + + + +Töölaua nõuanded + +Selles osas on mõned nõuanded töölaua kasutamiseks ja kohandamiseks. + + +Programmide automaatne käivitamine KDE käivitumisel + + + +Lihtsaim viis programmide automaatseks käivitamiseks KDE käivitumisel on kasutada KDESeansihalduse funktsiooni. KDE sisselogimist saab seadistada endale sobival viisil. + + + +Vali Kickoffi rakenduste käivitaja - Süsteemiseadistused - MuuSeansihaldur. Seejärel avaneb aken Muud kasutaja seadistused. Klõpsa paremal nuppu Seansihaldur. Veendu, et märkeruut Taastatakse käsitsi salvestatud seanss on märgitud. + + + + +Teine võimalus programmide automaatseks käivitamiseks sisselogimisel on kopeerida rakenduse töölauakirje kataloogist /usr/share/applications kataloogi ~/.kde/Autostart. + + + + + +Logi KDE-sse automaatselt sisse, kui arvuti käivitub + +Võimalik on arvuti käivitumisel automaatselt kasutajaga sisse logida. Enamike arvutite puhul pole see soovitatav, kuna pole turvaline ja võimaldab teistel kasutajatel ligipääsu isiklikule teabele. + + + +Mine Süsteemi seadistused, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaArvutiSüsteemi seadistused. Seejärel valiMuu vahekaardilt Sisselogimise haldur. + + + +Administraatori õiguste saamiseks klõpsa nupul Administraatori režiim... ja sisesta õige kasutaja parool. + + + +Vali Mugavused vahekaart. Märgi Luba sisselogimine automaatselt ning vali hüpikmenüüst kasutaja, kes logitakse automaatselt sisse ning vali sobiv ajavahemik. + + + + + +KDE taaskäivitamine ilma arvutit taaskäivitamata + + +Taaskäivita KDE klaviatuuriga + +Veendu, et süsteem on võimeline KDE-s klaviatuuriga taaskävitama. + + +Ava Süsteemi seadistused, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaArvutiSüsteemi seadistused. + + +Vali Kuva ikoon. + + +Vali märkekast Ctrl+Alt+Backspace käivitab xserveri uuesti". + + +Vajuta nuppu Rakenda ja sulge Süsteemi seadistused. + + + + + +Salvesta ja sulge kõik avatud rakendused + + + +Vajuta CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + +Taaskäivita KDE käsurealt + +Salvesta ja sulge kõik avatud rakendused + + + +Ava Konsool, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTerminal (Konsool). Sisesta käsureale järgnev ning vajuta Enter klahvi (kui küsitakse parooli, sisesta õige kasutaja parool ning vajuta Enter klahvi): +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +Käivita programm käsitsi + +Mõnikord võib olla kasulik programm käsitsi käivitada. Näiteks siis, kui menüüs pole selle programmi kohta kirjet. Seda on lihtne teha rakendusega KRunner. + + + +Ava rakendus KRunner, vajutades AltF2 + + + +Sisesta käivitatava programmi nimi ja vajuta klahvi Enter. + + + + + +Lülita NumLock KDE käivitumisel automaatselt sisse + + + +Ava Süsteemi seadistused, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaArvutiSüsteemi seadistused. Süsteemi seadistuste aknast vali Klaviatuur & Hiir valik. + + + +Otsi üles Klaviatuuri osas alamjaotis nimega NumLock KDE käivitamisel ning märgi raadionupp Lülitatakse sisse. Seadistuste salvestamiseks klõpsa nupul Rakenda. + + + +Muudatus rakendub järgmine kord kui KDE-sse sisse logid. Selle koheselt katsetamiseks lülita NumLock välja ja taaskäivita KDE (vaata ). + + + +Help:/ linkide käsitlemine Firefoxis samamoodi nagu Konqueroris + +Firefox ei ole vaikimisi paigaldatud, seega selle töötamiseks peab olema Firefox paigaldatud. Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni, et saada abi rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + +Konqueror on vaikimisi võimeline käsitlema help:/ URLe. Firefox on võimeline seda samamoodi tegema. Selle korralikult toimimiseks peab Firefoxi seadistusi käsitsi redigeerima. Järgnev protseduur on seadistamisel abiks. + + + +Käivita Firefox rakendus, valides vasakult Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetVeebilehitseja. + + + +Trüki aadressiribale about:config ja vajuta klahvi Enter. + + + +Tee loendil paremklõps ja vali UusBoolean. Sisesta network.protocol-handler.external.help kasti Eelistatav nimi ja kasti Väärtus. Kui valmis, vajuta nuppu OK. + + + +Tee loendil uuesti paremklõps ja vali UusString. Sisesta network.protocol-handler.app.help kasti Eelistatav nimi ja khelpcenter kasti Väärtus. Kui valmis saad, siis vajuta OK. + + + + + +Kickoff rakenduse käivitaja redigeerimine + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + +Ava KDE menüüd redaktor klikkidesparemat hiireklahvi Kickoff rakenduse käivitaja ikoonil (KDE menüüs) ning valides Menüü redaktor. Kui Kicker on lukustatud, siis KDE menüü redaktorit on võimalik avada, vajutades AltF2 ning sisestades kmenuedit ja vajutades Enter klahvi. + + + +Vali KDE menüü redaktori vasakult paanist alammenüü, kus peaks olema uus kirje. + + + +Vali FailUus element või vajuta Uus element nuppu. Uue elemendi aknast vali Nimi. Seejärel lisa Kirjeldus, Kommentaar ning Käsk. Vali ikoon, klikkides Ikoonile. Käsul võib olla paketinimi, Nimi on see, mis kuvatakse menüüs ning Kommentaar ilmub kohtspikrina, mis on menüü kirje läheduses. Ikoonid on vaikimisi valitud /usr/share/icons/icon_theme kataloogist või neid saab valida igast teisest kataloogist. + + + +Menüükirjete järjekorra muutmiseks klõpsa kirjel ja lohista seda KDE menüüredaktori aknas. + + + + +Install Extra Fonts + +See sektsioon kirjeldab seda, kuidas paigaldada uusi kirjalaade Kubuntu arhiividest. + + + +Paigalda rahvusvaheliste kirjalaadide saamiseks järgnevad paketid (palun mine Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni, et saada abi lisarakenduste paigaldamise kohta): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +Microsoft TrueType core fonts-ide paigaldamiseks paigalda ttf-mscorefonts-installer pakett. + + + +Ghostscript kirjalaadide jaokspaigaldagsfonts-x11 pakett (palun mine Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni, et saada abi lisarakenduste paigaldamise kohta). + + + +Individuaalseid kirjalaade saab lihtsalt paigaldada, avades Konqueror-i ning sisestades asukoharibale fonts:/. Kirjalaadi on võimalik seejärel paigaldada kas süsteemis või personaalseks kasutamiseks lohistades need vastavasse kausta. + + + + + + +Teemade vahetamine + + + + +Kubuntu võimaldab teemasid väga lihtsalt vahetada. Vali Kickoffi rakenduse käivitaja (K Menüü) + + + +Klõpsa valikut Süsteem + + + +Ava Süsteemi seadistused. + + + +Kliki vasakult paanilt Välimus ning mine tööruumi vahekaardile ülaosas. + + + + +Siit loendist on võimalik valida paigaldatud teemasid. + + + +Uue teema paigaldamiseks klõpsa nupul all paremas nurgas. + + + +Siit vali allikas ja käivita soovitud teema otsing. + + + +Kui teema on alla laaditud ja paigaldatud, saab seda valida paigaldatud teemade loendist. + + + + + + + +Töölauale uute Plasmoidide lisamine + +Plasmoide (nimetatakse ka vidinateks) lisatakse otse töölaualt. + + + +Leia väike konksukujuline nupp ning kliki sellel, et avaneks menüü. + + +Vidinate loendi esiletoomiseks vajuta nuppu Lisa vidinaid... + + +Vali siit soovitud vidin. + + + + + +Uue vidina paigaldamiseks vajuta akna ülaosas vasakul nuppu Hangi uusi vidinaid. + + +Vali otsimine ja allalaadimine või failist paigaldamine ja järgi ekraanil olevaid juhiseid. + + + + + + +Uue paneeli lisamine + + +Leia väike konksukujuline nupp ning kliki sellel, et avaneks menüü. + + +Klõpsa nupul Lisa paneel + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + +Seal on seadistused kõrguse, laiuse, vidinate lisamise ja kõigi teiste paneeli omaduste jaoks. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/fr/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/fr/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/fr/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/fr/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,925 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +L'environnement de bureau de Kubuntu +&legalnotice; + +Ce document décrit la configuration du bureau de Kubuntu son agencement et ses thèmes. + + + + + +Introduction à la personnalisation de votre bureau + +Une des choses formidable avec KDE, c'est la possibilité de configurer à peu près tous les aspects de l'environnent de bureau. Fonds d'écran, thèmes, éléments graphiques, couleurs, écrans de démarrage, etc. : les possibilités de personnalisation sont presque infinies. + + +KDE-Look.org is the number one +location to find customized settings for the KDE desktop. Some of the +applications within KDE even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a +new configuration or image. + + +Pour de plus amples informations concernant la personnalisation du Bureau, veuillez vous référer à la documentation de la configuration du systèmeulink>. + + + + + +Astuces pour le bureau + +Cette section offre quelques conseils pour utiliser et personnaliser le bureau. + + +Lancer des programmes automatiquement au démarrage de KDE + + + + +The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the +Session Management feature of KDE. KDE can be set up to be +exactly right with every login. + + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + + +Another method to start programs automatically with login is to copy the desktop +entry of the application from /usr/share/applications to +the ~/.kde/Autostart directory. + + + + + + +Se connecter automatiquement sur KDE au démarrage de l'ordinateur + +Il est possible de connecter un utilisateur automatiquement quand l'ordinateur démarre. Ce n'est pas recommandé pour la plupart des ordinateurs, car cela n'est pas sûr et cela peut permettre à d'autres utilisateurs d'accéder à des informations privées. + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + + +Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable +Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop-down menu +and select an appropriate time delay. + + + + + + +Relancer KDE sans redémarrer l'ordinateur + + +Relancer KDE à partir du clavier + +Assurez-vous que le système a la capacité de redémarrer KDE via le clavier. + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Select the Display icon. + + + + +Select the checkbox that is labeled "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace restarts +the xserver". + + + + +Press the Apply button and close out of +System Settings. + + + + + + +Enregistrez et fermez toutes les applications en cours. + + + +Appuyez simultanément sur CtrlAltRetArr + + + + + +Redémarrez KDE via la ligne de commande + +Enregistrez et fermez toutes les applications en cours. + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). At the +command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if +asked for a password, type in the proper user password followed by the +Enter key): + +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + + +Lancer un programme manuellement + + +Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, such as when the program +does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the +KRunner application. + + + + + +Open KRunner application by pressing +AltF2 + + + + + +Enter the name of the program to run, and press the +Enter key. + + + + + + +Automatically turn on NumLock when KDE starts + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. In +the System Settings window, select the +Keyboard & Mouse option. + + + + + +Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled +NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn +On checkbox. Click on Apply to save the +settings. + + + + + +The change will take effect with the next log-in to KDE. To test it right away, +turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see ). + + + + +Gérer les liens help:/ dans Firefox comme dans Konqueror + + +Firefox is not installed by default, so in order for +this to work, Firefox must be already installed. +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for more information on installing applications. + + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + + +Start Firefox by choosing left Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +In the address bar, type about:config and press the +Enter key. + + + + + +Right click on the list and select +NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the +Preference Name and true as the +Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + +Right click again on the list and select +NewString. Type +network.protocol-handler.app.help as the +Preference Name and khelpcenter as +the Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + + +Edit Kickoff Application Launcher + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + + +In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the +submenu the new entry should appear in. + + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + + +To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the +KDE Menu Editor window. + + + + + +Install Extra Fonts + +Cette section explique comment installer des polices de caractères supplémentaires à partir des archives Kubuntu. + + + + +For international fonts, install the following +packages (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help on installing extra applications): + + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + + +For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the +ttf-mscorefonts-installer +package. + + + + + +For Ghostscript fonts, install the +gsfonts-x11 package (please refer to the Adding Applications +documentation for help on installing extra applications). + + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Changing themes + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + + +Click System + + + + + +Open System Settings. + + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + + +From here, it's possible to choose from the list of installed themes. + + + + + +To install a new theme, click on the button at the bottom right. + + + + + +From here, pick the source and run a search for the desired theme. + + + + + +Once the theme is downloaded and installed, it can be picked from the +list of installed themes. + + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Adding a New Panel + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Click on Add Panel + + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + + +There are settings for height, width, add widgets and all of the other +properties of the panel. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/gl/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/gl/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/gl/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/gl/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,787 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +O escritorio de Kubuntu +&legalnotice; + +Este documento é sobre a configuración do escritorio Kubuntu a disposición e os temas. + + + + + +Introdución á personalización do escritorio + +Algo importante en KDE é a posibilidade de personalizar case todos os aspectos do contorno de escritorio. Fondos de pantalla, temas, trebellos, esquemas de cores, pantallas de inicio e moito máis, as opcións de personalización son infinitas. + +KDE-Look.org é o primeiro lugar no que encontrar configuracións personalizadas para o escritorio KDE. Algúns dos aplicativos dentro de KDE permiten incluso conectar directamente a KDE-Look para descargar unha nova configuración ou imaxe. + +Para mais información sobre personalización do escritorio, por favor consulte a Documentación para configuracións de sistema. + + + + + +Suxestións para o escritorio + +Esta sección ofrece algúns consellos para usar e personalizar o escritorio. + + +Executar programas automaticamente cando se inicia KDE + + + +A forma máis doada de executar programas automáticamente cuando se inicia KDE é utilizar o Xestor de sesións de KDE. KDE pode ser configurado exactamente como queira en cada inicio. + + + +Escolla Lanzador de aplicativos Kickoff Preferencias do sistemaAvanzadoXestor de sesións da lapela Avanzada na parte superior e despois na sección Preferencias para usuarios avanzados. Prema no botón Xestor de sesións á deteita. Asegúrese de que a caixiña Restaurar sesión gardada manualmente está seleccionada. + + + + +Outro método para iniciar programas de forma automática no inicio é copiar a entrada de escritorio do aplicativo desde /usr/share/applications ao directorio ~/.kde/Autostart. + + + + + +Entrar automaticamente en KDE cando se inicia o computador + +É posíbel o acceso dun usuario de forma automática cuando arranca o computadpor. Isto non é recomendábel para a maioría dos computadores, xa que non é seguro e pode permitir que outros usuarios teñan acceso a información privada. + + + +Vaia a Preferencias do sistema a través do Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffEquipoPreferencias do sistema. Na lapela Avanzado, seleccione Xestor de acceso. + + + +Prema en Modo administrador... e introduza o contrasinal de usuario axeitado para obter privilexios administrativos. + + + +Seleccione a lapela Comodidade. Marque a caixiña Activar inicio de sesión automático e seleccione o usuario para iniciar automáticamente desde o menú despregábel e especifique un intervalo de tempo axeitado. + + + + + +Reiniciar KDE sen reiniciar o ordenador + + +Reinicie o KDE co teclado + +Asegurese de que o sistema ten a posibilidade de reiniciar KDE a tavés do teclado. + + +Abra Configuracións do sistema indo a Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffComputadorConfiguracións do sistema. + + +Seleccione a icona Configuracións de escritorio. + + +Seleccione a caixa de verificación que se chama "Ctrl+Alt+Retroceso reinicia o servidor xserver". + + +Prema o botón Aplicar e saia das Configuracións de sistema. + + + + + +Garde e peche todos os aplicativos abertos. + + + +Prema CtrlAltRetroceso + + + + + +Reinicie o KDE a través da liña de ordes + +Garde e peche todos os aplicativos abertos. + + + +Abra Konsole por medio do Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaTerminal (Konsole). Na liña de ordes escriba o seguinte e prema a tecla Intro (se lle pide un contrasinal, escriba o contrasinal do usuario apropiado seguido da tecla Intro): +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +Iniciar un programa manualmente + +As veces pode ser útil iniciar un programa manualmente, por exemplo cando o programa non ten unha entrada no menú. Isto é fácil de facer co aplicativo KRunner. + + + +Abra o aplicativo KRunner premendo AltF2 + + + +Introduza o nome do programa a executar e prema a tecla Intro. + + + + + +Activar automaticamente o bloqueo do teclado numérico cando se inicia KDE + + + +Abrir Preferencias do sistema por medio do Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffEquipoPreferencias do sistema. Na xanela Preferencias do sistema, seleccione a opción Teclado e rato. + + + +Na sección Teclado, localice a subsección Bloqueo numérico no inicio de KDE, active a caixiña Activar. Prema en Aplicar para gardar a configuración. + + + +Os cambios terán efecto no seguinte inicio de KDE. Para probalo inmediatamente, desactive o bloqueo numérico e reinicie KDE (vexa ). + + + +Empregar as ligazóns help:/ en Firefox como en Konqueror + +Firefox non está instalado, así que para que isto funcione, Firefox debe estar xa instalado. Consulte Engadir aplicativos para obter máis información sobre como instalar aplicativos. + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + +Inicie o Firefox indo a Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador Web. + + + +Na barra de enderezos, escriba about:config e prema a tecla Intro. + + + +Prema co botón dereito na lista e escolla NovoBooleano. Escriba network.protocol-handler.external.help como Nome preferente e verdadeiro como Valor. Prema no botón Aceptar cando remate. + + + +Clique co botón dereito na lista outra vez e escolla NovoCadea. Escriba network.protocol-handler.app.help como Nome preferente e khelpcenter como Valor. Calque no botón Aceptar cando remate. + + + + + +Editar o lanzador de aplicativos Kickoff + +Kubuntu inclúe un Editor de menús KDE, deste xeito os menús poden ser personalizados e engadir entradas para aplicativos que non aparecen automaticamente despois de instalarse. Para engadir, eliminar ou modificar unha entrada, use o seguinte procedimento. + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + +Escolla no panel da esquerda do Editor de menú de KDE o submenú no que debería aparecer a nova entrada. + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + +Para cambiar a orde de entradas do menú, prema e arrastre a entrada na xanela Editor de menú de KDE. + + + + +Instalar tipos de letra extra + +Esta sección describe como instalar tipos de letra extra desde arquivos Kubuntu. + + + +Para os tipos de letra internacionais, instale os paquetes seguintes (consulte a documentación acerca de como Engadir aplicativos para axuda sobre como instalar aplicativos extra): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +Para o tipo de letra Microsoft TrueType, instale o paquete ttf-mscorefonts-installer. + + + +Para os tipos de letra Ghostscript, instale o paquete gsfonts-x11 (consulte a documentación acerca de como Engadir aplicativos para axuda sobre como instalar aplicativos extra): + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Cambiar temas + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + +Prema Sistema + + + +Abra Configuración do sistema. + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + +Desde aquí é posíbel elixir da lista de temas instalados. + + + +Para instalar un novo tema, prema no botón embaixo á dereita. + + + +Desde aquí, seleccione a orixe e faga unha busca do tema desexado. + + + +Unha vez que o tema estea descargado e instalado, pode ser seleccionado da lista de temas instalados. + + + + + + + +Engadir un novo plasmoide no escritorio + +Engadir Plasmoides (tamén chamados «trebellos» ou «widgets» en inglés) faise desde o propio escritorio. + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + +Desde aquí seleccione o trebello desexado. + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Engadir un panel novo + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + +Prema en Engadir panel + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + +Hai configuracións para altura, largura, engadir trebellos e para as restantes propiedades do panel. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/it/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/it/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/it/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/it/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,735 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Il Desktop di Kubuntu +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento aiuta a configurare il desktop, l'aspetto e i temi di Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduzione alla personalizzazione del desktop + +Una grande caratteristica di KDE è la sua capacità di personalizzare praticamente qualsiasi aspetto dell'ambiente desktop. Sfondi, temi, oggetti, schemi di colore, schermate di avvio e altro ancora: le opzioni per la configurazione sono infinite. + +KDE-Look.org è il luogo principe in cui trovare le impostazioni di configurazione per il desktop KDE. Alcune applicazioni di KDE permettono anche la connessione diretta a KDE-Look, per scaricare nuove configurazioni e e immagini. + +Per maggiori informazioni riguardanti la personalizzazione del desktop, riferirsi alla documentazione Configurazione del desktop. + + + + + +Suggerimenti per il desktop + +Questa sezione offre suggerimenti per l'uso e la personalizzazione del desktop. + + +Far eseguire programmi automaticamente all'avvio di KDE + + + +Il modo più semplice per far avviare programmi automaticamente all'avvio di KDE, è usare la Gestione della sessione di KDE. KDE può essere impostato a proprio piacimento per qualsiasi accesso. + + + +Scegliete Lancia applicazioni KickoffImpostazioni di sistema, poi la scheda Avanzate in alto a destra. Nella sezione Impostazioni utente avanzate, fate clic sul pulsante Gestore di sessione sulla destra. Assicuratevi che sia attivata la casella Ripristina una sessione salvata manualmente. + + + + +Un altro metodoo per avviare automaticamente programmi all'accesso è copiare la voce desktop dell'applicazione dalla directory /usr/share/applications a quella ~/.kde/Autostart. + + + + + +Entrare automaticamente in KDE all'avvio del computer + +È possibile accedere automaticamente a un utente all'avvio del computer. L'opzione non è consigliata a tutti i computer, dato che non è sicura e può consentire ad altri utenti di accedere a informazioni riservate. + + + +Andate a Impostazioni di sistema da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. Nella scheda Avanzate, selezionate Gestore degli accessi. + + + +Inserite la corretta password di amministrazione per accedere ai privilegi di amministratore. + + + +Selezionate la scheda Comodità. Spuntate la casella Abilita accesso automatico e selezionate l'utente per l'accesso automatico dal menu a tendina e il tempo di ritardo desiderato. + + + + + +Riavviare KDE senza riavviare il computer + + +Riavviare KDE tramite tastiera + +Assicuratevi che il sistema abbia la capacità di riavviare KDE tramite tastiera. + + +Aprite Impostazioni di sistema da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. + + +Selezionate l'icona Schermo. + + +Selezionate la casella «Ctrl+Alt+Backspace riavvia xserver». + + +Premete il pulsante Applica e chiudete Impostazioni di sistema. + + + + + +Salvate e chiudete tutte le applicazioni aperte. + + + +Premete CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + +Riavviare KDE tramite la riga di comando + +Salvate e chiudete tutte le applicazioni aperte. + + + +Aprite Konsole da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaTerminale (Konsole). Al prompt digitate il seguente comando poi premete il tasto Invio (se viene richiesta una password, digitate la password utente appropriata seguita dal tasto Invio): +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +Avviare un programma manualmente + +A volte può essere utile avviare manualmente un programma, per esempio quando non è presente la sua voce nel menu: è semplice da fare con l'applicazione KRunner. + + + +Aprite l'applicazione KRunner premendo AltF2 + + + +Inserite il nome del programma da avviare, poi premete il tasto Invio. + + + + + +Attivare automaticamente BlocNum all'avvio di KDE + + + +Aprite Impostazioni di sistema da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. In questa finestra, selezionate l'opzione Tastiera e mouse. + + + +Nella sezione Tastiera, inidividuate la sottosezione chiamata BlocNum all'avvio di KDE, selezionate la casella Acceso. Fate clic su Applica per salvare le impostazioni. + + + +La modifica sarà applicata al prossimo accesso a KDE. Per verificarla subito, spegnete BlocNum e riavviate KDE (vedere ). + + + +Gestire con Firefox i collegamenti help:/ come in Konqueror + +Firefox, per impostazione predefinita, non è installato, affinché questa procedura funzioni è necessario averlo già installato nel sistema. Per ulteriori informazioni su come installare un'applicazione, fate riferimento alla documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggrionare le applicazioni. + +Konqueror, per impostazione predefinita, è in grado di gestire gli URL help:/. Firefox è in grado di gestirli allo stesso modo, ma la sua configurazione deve essere modificata a mano affinché funzioni correttamente. La seguente procedura aiuterà in questa configurazione. + + + +Avviate Firefox da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web. + + + +Nella barra degli indirizzi, digitate about:config, poi premete il tasto Enter. + + + +Fare clic destro sulla lista e selezionare NuovoBooleano. Inserire network.protocol-handler.external.help come Nome del parametro e true come Valore. Alla fine premete il tasto OK. + + + +Fate di nuovo clic col tasto destro del mouse sull'elenco e selezionate NuovoStringa. Inserite network.protocol-handler.app.help come Nome del parametro e khelpcenter come Valore. Alla fine premete il tasto OK. + + + + + +Modificare l'avviatore di applicazioni Kickoff + +In Kubuntu è presente l'Editor di menu KDE, che permette di personalizzare e aggiungere voci di applicazioni non aggiunte automaticamente dopo l'installazione. Per aggiungere, rimuovere o modificare una voce, attenetevi alla procedura seguente. + + + +Aprite l'Editor di menu KDE facendo clic col tasto destro del mouse sull'icona del Lancia applicazioni Kickoff (il menu KDE) e scegliete Modifica il menu. Se Kicker è bloccato, l'Editor di menu KDE può essere aperto premendo AltF2 e digitando kmenuedit, premendo il tasto Invio. + + + +Nel pannello sinistro dell'Editor di menu KDE, scegliete il sottomenu dove deve apparire la nuova voce. + + + +Scegliete FileNuova voce o premete il pulsante Nuova voce. Nella finestra Nuova voce, scegliete un Nome. Poi aggiungete la Descrizione, il Commento e il Comando. Selezionate l'icona facendo su Icona. Il Comando è in genere il nome del pacchetto, Nome è ciò che apparirà nel menu, e il Commento apparirà nei suggerimento che appare vicino alla voce di menu. Le Icone sono scelte dalla directory /usr/share/icons/icon_theme predefinita, ma potete sceglierle da qualsiasi altra directory. + + + +Per cambiare l'ordine delle voci di menu, prendete e trascinate la voce nella finestra dell'Editor di menu KDE. + + + + +Installare tipi di carattere aggiuntivi + +Questa sezione descrive come installare tipi di carattere aggiuntivi dagli archivi di Kubuntu. + + + +Per i caratteri internazionali, installate i seguenti pacchetti (consultate la documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per ulteriori informazioni su come installare applicazioni aggiuntive): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +Per i caratteri principali Microsoft TrueType, installate il pacchetto ttf-mscorefonts-installer. + + + +Per i caratteri Ghostscript, installate il pacchetto gsfonts-x11 (consultate la documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per ulteriori informazioni su come installare applicazioni aggiuntive). + + + +Singoli tipi di carattere possono essere facilmente installati aprendo Konqueror e digitando fonts:/ nella barra degli indirizzi. I caratteri possono così essere installati per tutti gli utenti o per l'uso personale, trascinandoli e rilasciandoli all'interno delle rispettive cartelle. + + + + + + +Modifica dei temi + + + + +Kubuntu consente la facile modifica dei temi. Andate a Lancia applicazioni Kickoff (Menu K) + + + +Fate clic su Sistema + + + +Aprite Impostazioni di sistema. + + + +In alto a sinistra, fate clic su Aspetto in alto, andate alla sezione Stile, poi alla scheda Spazio di lavoro. + + + + +Da qui è possibile scegliere da un elenco di temi installati. + + + +Per installare un nuovo tema, fate clic sul pulsante in basso a destra. + + + +Da qui potete prelevare le fonti e avviare le ricerche per il tema desiderato. + + + +Una volta scaricato e installato, il tema può essere prelevato dall'elenco dei temi installati. + + + + + + + +Aggiungere nuovi plasmoidi al desktop + +L'aggiunta di plasmoidi (chiamati anche oggetti) viene fatta all'interno dello stesso desktop. + + + +Cercate il piccolo pulsante a forma di nocciolina e fateci sopra clic per aprire il menu. + + +Selezionate il pulsante Aggiungi oggetti... per visualizzare una lista di oggetti. + + +Selezionate qui l'oggetto desiderato. + + + + + +Per installare un nuovo oggetto, selezionate il pulsante Prendi nuovi oggetti nella parte alta della finestra a sinistra. + + +Selezionate la ricerca e scaricate oppure installate da file, seguite le istruzioni a video da qui. + + + + + + +Aggiungere un nuovo pannello + + +Cercate il piccolo pulsante a forma di nocciolina e fateci sopra clic per aprire il menu. + + +Fate clic su Aggiungi pannello + + +Cercate il pulsante a forma di nocciolina del nuovo pannello e fate clic su di esso per cambiare le proprietà del pannello. + + + +Vi sono impostazioni per l'altezza, la larghezza, l'aggiunta di oggetti e per tutte le altre proprietà del pannello. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/ja/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/ja/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/ja/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/ja/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,951 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Kubuntu Desktop +&legalnotice; + + +This document is for configuring the Kubuntu desktop, layout and themes. + + + + + + +Introduction to Desktop Customization + + +One great thing about KDE is the ability to customize just about every aspect +of the desktop environment. Wallpapers, themes, widgets, color schemes, splash +screens and more, the options for customization are endless. + + + +KDE-Look.org is the number one +location to find customized settings for the KDE desktop. Some of the +applications within KDE even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a +new configuration or image. + + + +For further information concerning Desktop Customization, please review the +System Settings +Documentation. + + + + + + +Desktop Tips + + +This section offers some tips for using and customizing the desktop. + + + +Run programs automatically when KDE starts + + + + +The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the +Session Management feature of KDE. KDE can be set up to be +exactly right with every login. + + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + + +Another method to start programs automatically with login is to copy the desktop +entry of the application from /usr/share/applications to +the ~/.kde/Autostart directory. + + + + + + +Login automatically to KDE when the computer starts + + +It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots. This is +not recommended for most computers, as it is not secure and may allow other +users access to private information. + + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + + +Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable +Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop-down menu +and select an appropriate time delay. + + + + + + +Restart KDE without rebooting the computer + + +Restart KDE via keyboard + + +Ensure that the system has the ability to restart KDE via the keyboard. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Select the Display icon. + + + + +Select the checkbox that is labeled "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace restarts +the xserver". + + + + +Press the Apply button and close out of +System Settings. + + + + + + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + + +Press CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + + +Restart KDE via the command line + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). At the +command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if +asked for a password, type in the proper user password followed by the +Enter key): + +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + + +Start a Program Manually + + +Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, such as when the program +does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the +KRunner application. + + + + + +Open KRunner application by pressing +AltF2 + + + + + +Enter the name of the program to run, and press the +Enter key. + + + + + + +Automatically turn on NumLock when KDE starts + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. In +the System Settings window, select the +Keyboard & Mouse option. + + + + + +Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled +NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn +On checkbox. Click on Apply to save the +settings. + + + + + +The change will take effect with the next log-in to KDE. To test it right away, +turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see ). + + + + +Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror + + +Firefox is not installed by default, so in order for +this to work, Firefox must be already installed. +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for more information on installing applications. + + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + + +Start Firefox by choosing left Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +In the address bar, type about:config and press the +Enter key. + + + + + +Right click on the list and select +NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the +Preference Name and true as the +Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + +Right click again on the list and select +NewString. Type +network.protocol-handler.app.help as the +Preference Name and khelpcenter as +the Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + + +Edit Kickoff Application Launcher + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + + +In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the +submenu the new entry should appear in. + + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + + +To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the +KDE Menu Editor window. + + + + + +Install Extra Fonts + + +This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives. + + + + + +For international fonts, install the following +packages (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help on installing extra applications): + + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + + +For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the +ttf-mscorefonts-installer +package. + + + + + +For Ghostscript fonts, install the +gsfonts-x11 package (please refer to the Adding Applications +documentation for help on installing extra applications). + + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Changing themes + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + + +Click System + + + + + +Open System Settings. + + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + + +From here, it's possible to choose from the list of installed themes. + + + + + +To install a new theme, click on the button at the bottom right. + + + + + +From here, pick the source and run a search for the desired theme. + + + + + +Once the theme is downloaded and installed, it can be picked from the +list of installed themes. + + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Adding a New Panel + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Click on Add Panel + + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + + +There are settings for height, width, add widgets and all of the other +properties of the panel. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/km/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/km/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/km/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/km/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,735 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ផ្ទៃ​តុ​គូប៊ុនទូ +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​គឺ​សម្រាប់​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ស្បែក ប្លង់​ និង​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​របស់​ គូប៊ុ​នទូ ។ + + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​អំពី​ការប្តូរ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​តាម​បំណង + +រឿង​អស្ចារ្យ​ម្យ៉ាង​អំពី​ KDE គឺ​សមត្ថភាព​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ប្តូរ​តាម​បំណង​នូវ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​សឹង​តែ​គ្រប់​ផ្នែករបស់​បរិស្ថាន​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ ។ ផ្ទាំង​រូបភាព ស្បែក ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក ពណ៌ គ្រោង​ការណ៍ អេក្រង់​ស្វាគមន៍ និង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ហើយ​ជម្រើស​សម្រាប់​ប្តូរ​តាម​បំណង​មាន​មិន​ចេះ​អស់ទេ ។ + +KDE-Look.org ជា​ទីតាំង​លេខ​មួយ​ ដើម្បី​​ស្វែង​រក​ការកំណត់​ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​តាម​បំណង​​សម្រាប់ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ KDE ។ កម្មវិធី​ខ្លះ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ KDE អាច​នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​មាន​ការតភ្ជាប់​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​ទៅ​កាន់​ KDE-Look ទៀត​ផង ដើម្បី​ទាញ​យក​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ ឬ​រូបភាព​ថ្មី ។ + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការកំណត់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​តាម​បំណង​ សូម​មើល​ ឯកសារ​កំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​ជំនួយ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​​ផ្តល់នូវ​​ព័ត៌មាន​ជំនួយ​ខ្លះ​ៗ​សម្រាប់​ប្រើ និង​​ប្តូរ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​តាម​បំណង ។ + + +ដំណើរ​ការ​កម្មវិធី​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ នៅ​ពេល​ KDE ចាប់​ផ្តើម + + + +មធ្យោបាយ​ដែល​ងាយ​ស្រួល​បំផុត សម្រាប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​កម្មវិធី​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ នៅ​ពេល​ KDE ចាប់​ផ្តើម​គឺ​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​សម័យ​ របស់​ KDE ។ KDE អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀបចំ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ត្រូវ​នឹង​ពេល​ចូល​ម្តង​ ៗ + + + +ជ្រើស​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff ការកំណ​ត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​សម័យ​ ពី​ផ្ទាំង​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ នៅ​ខាង​លើ​ រួច​ជ្រើស​ផ្នែក​ ការកំណត់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ ។ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​សម័យ​ នៅ​ខាង​ស្តាំ ។ សូម​ប្រាកដ​ថា​បាន​គូស​ធីក​ ស្តារ​សម័យ​ដែល​បាន​រក្សា​ទុក​ដោយ​ដៃ​ ។ + + + + +វិធី​សាស្ត្រ​មួយ​ទៀត​ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​កម្មវិធី​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការ​ចូល​ គឺ​ត្រូវ​ចម្លង​ធាតុ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ /usr/share/applications ទៅ​កាន់​ថត​ ~/.kde/Autostart ។ + + + + + +ចូល​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ទៅកាន់​ KDE នៅ​ពេល​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម + +អាច​ចូល​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ នៅ​ពេល​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ។ លក្ខណៈ​បែប​នេះ​មិនត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​សម្រាប់​កុំព្យូទ័រភាគ​ច្រើន​ទេ ដោយ​សារ​តែ​វា​មិន​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​ ហើយ​វា​អាច​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ព័ត៌មាន​ឯកជន​ ។ + + + +ទៅ​កាន់​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកុំព្យូទ័រ​ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ ក្រោម​ផ្ទាំង​ កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ ជ្រើស​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ការ​ចូល​ ។ + + + +ចុច​លើ​ របៀប​អ្នក​គ្រប់​គ្រង​... រួច​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ទទួល​បាន​សិទ្ធិ​អ្នក​គ្រប់​គ្រង ។ + + + +ជ្រើស​ផ្ទាំង​ ងាយ​ស្រួល​ ។ ធីក​ អនុញ្ញាត​ការចូល​ស្វ័យ​ដោយ​ប្រវត្តិ​ បន្ទាប់​មក​ជ្រើស​ អ្នក​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​ចូល​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិពីម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ រួច​ជ្រើស​ ពន្យារ​ពេល​ឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ + + + + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KDE ឡើង​វិញ ដោយ​មិនចាប់​ផ្តើម​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ឡើង​វិញ + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KDE ឡើង​វិញ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ក្តារ​ចុច + +ប្រាកដ​ថា ប្រព័ន្ធ​មាន​សមត្ថភាព​ក្នុង​ការ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KDE ឡើង​វិញ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ក្តារ​ចុច ។ + + +បើក​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +ជ្រើស​រូប​តំណាង​ បង្ហាញ ។ + + +គូស​ធីក​ប្រអប់​ដែល​មាន​ស្លាក​ថា "បញ្ជា(Ctrl)+ជំនួស(Alt)+លុប​ថយ​ក្រោយ​(Backspace) ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ xserver ឡើង​វិញ" ។ + + +ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ អនុវត្ត​ រួច​ចេញ​ពី​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + + + + +រក្សា​ទុក រួច​បិទ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​បើក​ទាំង​អស់ ។ + + + +ចុច​ បញ្ជា(Ctrl)ជំនួស(Alt)លុប​ថយ​ក្រោយ​(Backspace) + + + + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KDE ឡើង​វិញ ដោយ​ប្រើ​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា + +រក្សា​ទុក រួច​បិទ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​បើក​ទាំង​អស់ ។ + + + +បើក​ កុងសូល​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ស្ថានីយ​ (កុងសូល​) ។ នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម រួច​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល​ (Enter) (បើ​មាន​ការ​ទារ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ បន្ទាប់​មក​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល(Enter) ) ៖ +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​កម្មវិធី​ដោយ​ដៃ + +ជួនកាល​ វា​អាច​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​បំផុត​នៅ​ពេល​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​កម្មវិធី​ដោយ​ដៃ ដូច​ជា​នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​កម្មវិធី​មិន​មាន​ធាតុ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ម៉ឺនុយ​ ។ វា​ងាយ​ធ្វើ​បំផុត​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ KRunner ។ + + + +បើក​កម្មវិធី​ KRunner ដោយ​ចុច​ ជំនួស(Alt)F2 + + + +វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ឈ្មោះ​កម្មវិធី​ ដើម្បី​ដំណើរការ​ រួច​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល​(Enter) ។ + + + + + +បើក​គ្រាប់​ចុច​លេខ​ (NumLock) នៅ​ពេល​ KDE ចាប់​ផ្តើម + + + +បើក​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ នៅ​ក្នុង​បង្អួច​ កំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​ ក្តារ​ចុច​ & កណ្តុរ ។ + + + +ក្រោម​ផ្នែក​ ក្តារ​ចុច​ កំណត់​ទីតាំង​ ផ្នែក​រង​ដែល​មាន​ចំណង​ជើង​ថា​ គ្រាប់​ចុច​លេខ(NumLock) នៅ​ពេល​ KDE ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ គូស​ធីក​ បើក​ ។ ចុច​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​ អនុវត្ត​ ដើម្បី​រក្សា​ទុក​ការកំណត់ ។ + + + +ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​នឹង​មាន​ប្រសិទ្ធភាព​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការ​ចូល​លើក​ក្រោយ​ទៅ​កាន់​ KDE ។ ដើម្បី​សាក​ល្បង​វា​ភ្លាម​ៗ បិទ​គ្រាប់​ចុច​លេខ​ (NumLock) រួច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KDE ឡើង​វិញ​(សូម​មើល​ ) ។ + + + +Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror + +Firefox មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​ទេ ដូច្នេះ​ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​វា​ដំណើរ​ការ​ ត្រូវ​តែ​ដំឡើង​ Firefox ជា​មុន​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ សូម​យោង​ទៅកាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី ។ + +Konqueror អាច​ handle help:/ URLតាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​ ។ Firefox ក៏​អាច​ដោះស្រាយ​ពួក​វា​តាម​មធ្យោបាយ​ដដែល​ផង​ដែរ​ ។ ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Firefox ត្រូវ​តែ​កែ​សម្រួល​ដោយ​ដៃ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​វា​ដំណើរការ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ បែប​បទ​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ជួយ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធនេះ ។ + + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Firefox ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ឆ្វេង​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ ។ + + + +ក្នុង​របារ​អាសយដ្ឋាន​ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ about:config រួច​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល​(Enter) ។ + + + +ចុច​​​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ​ លើ​បញ្ជី រួច​​ជ្រើស​ ថ្មី​ប៊ូលីន​ ។ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ network.protocol-handler.external.help ជា​ ឈ្មោះ​ចំណូល​ចិត្ត​ និង​ true ជា​ តម្លៃ​ ។ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម​ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់ ។ + + + +ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ​ ម្តង​ទៀត​លើ​បញ្ជី រួច​ជ្រើស​ ថ្មី​ខ្សែ​អក្សរ​ ។ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ network.protocol-handler.app.help ជា​ ឈ្មោះ​ចំណូល​ចិត្ត​ និង​ khelpcenter ជា​ តម្លៃ​ ។ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម​ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់ ។ + + + + + +កែ​សម្រួល​កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoff + +គូប៊ុនទូ​ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​នូវ​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ម៉ឺនុយ KDE ដើម្បី​​អាច​បន្ថែម​ធាតុ និង​ប្តូរ​ម៉ឺនុយ​តាម​បំណង​ សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​មិន​បង្ហាញ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ហើយ​ ។ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម យក​ចេញ ឬ​កែ​ប្រែ​ធាតុ ប្រើ​បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ។ + + + +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ម៉ឺនុយ​ KDE ដោយ​ចុច​ កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ​ លើ​រូប​តំណាង (ម៉ឺនុយ​ KDE) កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoff រួច​ជ្រើស​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ម៉ឺនុយ​ ។ បើ​ Kicker ជាប់​សោ អាច​បើក​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ម៉ឺនុយ​ KDE ដោយ​ចុច​ ជំនួស(Alt)F2 និង​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ kmenuedit បន្ទាប់​មក​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល​(Enter) ។ + + + +នៅ​ក្នុង​ស្លាប​ព្រិល​ខាង​ឆ្វេង​របស់​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ម៉ឺនុយ KDE ជ្រើស​ម៉ឺនុយ​រង​ ដែល​ធាតុ​ថ្មី​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + + +ជ្រើស​ ឯកសារ​ធាតុ​ថ្មី​ ឬ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ធាតុ​ថ្មី​ ។ ក្នុង​បង្អួច​ ធាតុ​ថ្មី​ ជ្រើស​ ឈ្មោះ​ ។ បន្ទាប់​មក​ បន្ថែម​ សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​ មតិយោបល់​ និង​ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ ជ្រើស​រូប​តំណាង ដោយ​ចុច​លើ​ រូប​តំណាង​ ។ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ ជាទូទៅ​គឺ​ជា​ឈ្មោះកញ្ចប់​ ឈ្មោះ​ គឺ​ជា​អ្វី​ ដែល​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​លើ​ម៉ឺនុយ​ ចំណែក​ មតិយោបល់ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​លើ​ព័ត៌មាន​ជំនួយ​ឧបករណ៍​ដែល​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​ជិត​ធាតុ​ម៉ឺនុយ​ ។ រូប​តំណាង​ ត្រូវ​បាន​ជ្រើស​ពីថត​ /usr/share/icons/icon_theme តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ឬ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ជ្រើស​ពី​ថត​ណា​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + + +ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​លំដាប់​របស់​ធាតុ​ម៉ឺនុយ​ ចុច​ ហើយ​អូសធាតុ​នៅ​ក្នុង​បង្អួច​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ម៉ឺនុយ​ KDE ។ + + + + +ដំឡើង​ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​បន្ថែម + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​នឹង​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពី​របៀប​ដំឡើង​ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​បន្ថែម​ពី​ប័ណ្ណសារ​ គូប៊ុ​នទូ ។ + + + +ចំពោះ​ ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​ជា​អន្ត​រ​ជាតិ​ ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ (ចំពោះជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​បន្ថែម​ សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់ឯកសារ​​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី) ៖ + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +សម្រាប់​ ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​សំខាន់​ប្រភេទ​ TrueType របស់​ម៉ៃ​ក្រូសូហ្វ​ ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ ttf-mscorefonts-installer ។ + + + +សម្រាប់​ ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​ Ghostscript ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ gsfonts-x11 (ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​បន្ថែម សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​) ។ + + + +អាច​ដំឡើង​ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​នីមួយ​ៗ​បាន​យ៉ាង​ងាយ​ដោយ​គ្រាន់​តែ​បើក​ Konqueror និង​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ fonts:/ ទៅ​ក្នុង​របារ​ទីតាំង ។ បន្ទាប់​មក​ អាច​ដំឡើង​ពុម្ព​អក្សរ​ ទូទាំង​ប្រព័ន្ធ ឬ​សម្រាប់​ប្រើ​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​ ដោយ​អូស និង​ទម្លាក់​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា ។ + + + + + + +ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ស្បែក + + + + +គូប៊ុនទូ​ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ស្បែក​តាម​ធម្មតា​ ។ ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoff (ម៉ឺនុយ​ K ) + + + +ចុច​ប្រព័ន្ធ + + + +បើក​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + + +ក្នុង​ស្លាប​ព្រិល​ផ្នែកខាង​ឆ្វេង ចុច​ រូប​រាង បន្ទាប់​មក ទៅ​កាន់​ផ្ទាំង តំបន់​ធ្វើការ នៅ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ ។ + + + + +នៅ​ត្រង់​នេះ អ្នក​អាច​ជ្រើស​ពី​បញ្ជី​ស្បែក​ដែល​បាន​ដំឡើង​រួច​ ។ + + + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ស្បែក​ថ្មី ចុច​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​​នៅ​ខាង​ស្តាំ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ​។ + + + +នៅ​​ត្រង់​នេះ ជ្រើស​ប្រភព រួច​ដំណើរការ​ស្វែង​រក​ស្បែកដែល​ត្រូវ​ការ ។ + + + +ពេល​ដែល​បាន​ទាញ​យក និង​ដំឡើង​ស្បែក​ហើយ អាច​ជ្រើស​វា​ពី​បញ្ជី​ស្បែក​ដែល​បាន​ដំឡើង​រួច​បាន​ ។ + + + + + + + +បន្ថែម​ Plasmoids ថ្មី​ទៅ​កាន់​ផ្ទៃ​​តុ + +ការ​បន្ថែម​ Plasmoids (ក៏​ត្រូវ​បានហៅ​ថា​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ផង​ដែរ​) ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ពីផ្ទៃ​តុ​​ផ្ទាល់​ ។ + + + +រក​ប៊ូតុង​តូច​ដែល​មាន​រាង​ដូច​ស្វាយ​ចន្ទី រួច​ចុច​លើ​វា​ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ម៉ឺនុយ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + +ជ្រើស​បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​... ប៊ូតុង​សម្រាប់​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​បញ្ជី​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + +នៅ​ត្រង់​នេះ ជ្រើស​ធាតុក្រាហ្វិក​ដែល​ត្រូវការ ។ + + + + + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ថ្មី ជ្រើស​ប៊ូតុង​ ទទួល​យក​ធាតុក្រាហ្វិក​ថ្មី​ ដែល​នៅ​​ខាង​ឆ្វេង​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ​នៃ​បង្អួច​ ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ ស្វែង​រក និង​ទាញ​យក ឬ​ដំឡើង​ពី​ឯកសារ រួច​អនុវត្ត​តាម​សេចក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​នៅ​លើ​អេក្រង់​ ។ + + + + + + +បន្ថែម​បន្ទះ​ថ្មី + + +រក​ប៊ូតុង​តូច​ដែល​មាន​រាង​ដូច​ស្វាយ​ចន្ទី រួច​ចុច​លើ​វា​ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ម៉ឺនុយ​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ + + +ចុច​លើ​ បន្ថែម​បន្ទះ + + +រក​បន្ទះ​ថ្មី​ដែល​មាន​រាង​ស្វាយ​ចន្ទី រួច​ចុច​ កណ្តុរ​ឆ្វេង​ លើ​វា ដើម្បី​ប្តូរ​លក្ខណ​សម្បត្តិ​រ​បស់​បន្ទះ​ ។ + + + +មាន​ការកំណត់​សម្រាប់​កម្ពស់ ទទឹង បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ និង​លក្ខណ​សម្បត្តិ​របស់​បន្ទះ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/oc/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/oc/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/oc/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/oc/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,903 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +L'environament de burèu de Kubuntu +&legalnotice; + + +This document is for configuring the Kubuntu desktop, layout and themes. + + + + + + +Introduccion a la personalizacion de vòstre burèu + + +One great thing about KDE is the ability to customize just about every aspect +of the desktop environment. Wallpapers, themes, widgets, color schemes, splash +screens and more, the options for customization are endless. + + + +KDE-Look.org is the number one +location to find customized settings for the KDE desktop. Some of the +applications within KDE even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a +new configuration or image. + + +Per mai d'entresenhas a prepaus de la personalizacion del Burèu, referissètz-vos a la documentacion de la configuracion del sistèmaulink>. + + + + + +Astúcias pel burèu + + +This section offers some tips for using and customizing the desktop. + + + +Aviar de programas automaticament a l'aviada de KDE + + + + +The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the +Session Management feature of KDE. KDE can be set up to be +exactly right with every login. + + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + + +Another method to start programs automatically with login is to copy the desktop +entry of the application from /usr/share/applications to +the ~/.kde/Autostart directory. + + + + + + +Se connectar automaticament sus KDE a l'amodament de l'ordenador + + +It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots. This is +not recommended for most computers, as it is not secure and may allow other +users access to private information. + + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + + +Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable +Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop-down menu +and select an appropriate time delay. + + + + + + +Reaviar KDE sens tornar amodar l'ordenador + + +Reaviar KDE a partir del clavièr + + +Ensure that the system has the ability to restart KDE via the keyboard. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + +Seleccionatz l'icòna Afichatge. + + +Marcatz la casa "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace reavia lo servidor X" + + +Clicatz sul boton Aplicar e tampatz la fenèstra Configuracion del sistèma. + + + + + +Enregistratz e barratz totas las aplicacions en cors. + + + +Quichatz simultanèament sus CtrlAltRetArr + + + + + +Reaviatz KDE via la linha de comanda + +Enregistratz e barratz totas las aplicacions en cors. + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). At the +command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if +asked for a password, type in the proper user password followed by the +Enter key): + +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + + +Aviar un programa manualament + + +Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, such as when the program +does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the +KRunner application. + + + + +Dobrissètz l'aplicacion KRunner en quichant sus AltF2 + + + + +Enter the name of the program to run, and press the +Enter key. + + + + + + +Activar automaticament lo varrolhatge del pavat numeric quand KDE s'avia + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. In +the System Settings window, select the +Keyboard & Mouse option. + + + + + +Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled +NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn +On checkbox. Click on Apply to save the +settings. + + + + + +The change will take effect with the next log-in to KDE. To test it right away, +turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see ). + + + + +Utilizar los ligams help:/ dins Firefox coma dins Konqueror + + +Firefox is not installed by default, so in order for +this to work, Firefox must be already installed. +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for more information on installing applications. + + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + + +Start Firefox by choosing left Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +In the address bar, type about:config and press the +Enter key. + + + + +Fasèt un clic drech dins la lista e seleccionatz NovèlaValor booleana. Picatz network.protocol-handler.external.help quand vos es demandat : Entratz lo nom de l'opcion e causissètz true quand vos es demandat : Entratz una valor novèla. Clicatz sul boton OK quand avètz acabat. + + + +Fasètz un clic novèl drech dins la lista e seleccionatz NovèlaCadena de caractèrs. Picatz network.protocol-handler.app.help quand vos es demandat : Entratz lo nom de l'opcion e picatz khelpcenter quand vos es demandat : Entratz una valor novèla. Clicatz sul boton OK quand avètz acabat. + + + + + +Edit Kickoff Application Launcher + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + +Dins la partida d'esquèrra de l'Editor del menut KDE, causissètz lo sosmenut dins lo qual l'entrada novèla deuriá aparéisser. + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + +Per cambiar l'òrdre de las entradas de menut, clicatz e fasètz lisar l'entrada dins la fenèstra de l'Editor de menut KDE. + + + + +Installar de poliças suplementàrias + + +This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives. + + + + +Per las poliças internacionalas, installatz los paquets seguents (referissètz-vos a la documentacion Apondre de las aplicacions per l'ajuda sus l'installacion d'aplicacions suplementàrias) : + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + + +For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the +ttf-mscorefonts-installer +package. + + + + +Per las poliças Ghostscript, installatz lo paquet gsfonts-x11 (referissètz-vos a la documentacion Apondre d'aplicacions per l'ajuda sus l'installacion d'aplicacions suplementàrias). + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Changing themes + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + + +Click System + + + + + +Open System Settings. + + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + + +From here, it's possible to choose from the list of installed themes. + + + + + +To install a new theme, click on the button at the bottom right. + + + + + +From here, pick the source and run a search for the desired theme. + + + + + +Once the theme is downloaded and installed, it can be picked from the +list of installed themes. + + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Apondre un panèl novèl + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Click on Add Panel + + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + + +There are settings for height, width, add widgets and all of the other +properties of the panel. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/pt_BR/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/pt_BR/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/pt_BR/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/pt_BR/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,735 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +O Desktop Kubuntu +&legalnotice; + +Este documento serve para configurar a área de trabalho, o leiaute e os temas do Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introdução à Personalização da Área de Trabalho + +Uma das grandes opções do KDE é a capacidade de personalizar quase todos os aspectos da área de trabalho. Papéis de parede, temas, widgets, esquemas de cores, tela de login e mais, as opções de personalização são infinitas. + +KDE-Look.org é a principal página para encontrar configurações personalizadas para a área de trabalho KDE. Algumas das aplicações do KDE permitem a conexão direta com o KDE-Look para download de uma nova configuração ou imagem. + +Para mais informações sobre personalização da área de trabalho, por favor consulte a Documentação para Configurações de sistema. + + + + + +Dicas para a Área de Trabalho + +Esta sessão fornece algumas dicas de como usar e personalizar a Área de Trabalho + + +Executar programas automaticamente quando o KDE inicia. + + + +O meio mais fácil de executar programas automaticamente na inicialização do KDE é usar o Gegenciador de Sessão do KDE. Kde pode ser configurado da forma mais adequada possivel a cada login. + + + +Escolha Lançador de Aplicações KickoffConfigurações do SistemaAvançadoGerenciador de Sessão a partir da aba "AvanConfigura. Pressione o Gerenciador de Sess Restaurar sess esteja selecionada. + + + + +Outro método para iniciar programas automaticamente junto a o login é fazer uma cópia do aplicativo de sua Área de Trabalho em /usr/share/applications para o diretório ~/.kde/Autostart. + + + + + +Logando automaticamente no KDE quando o computador inicia + +É possível entrar um usuário automaticamente quando o computador inicia. Isso não é recomendado para a maioria dos computadores, pois não é seguro e pode permitir que outros usuários acessem informações pessoais. + + + +Vá nas Configurações do sistema indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffComputadorConfigurações do sistema. Na aba Avançado, selecione o Gerenciador de sessão. + + + +Clique em Modo Administrador... e insira a senha do administrador para obter seus respectivos privilégios. + + + +Selecione a aba Conveniência . Verfique o Habilitatar Autologin e selecione o usuário para auto logar a partir do menu de contexto e selecione um tempo de lapso apropriado. + + + + + +Reiniciar o KDE sem reiniciar o computador + + +Reinicie o KDE pelo teclado + +Tenha certeza de que o sistema é capaz de reiniciar o KDE pelo teclado. + + +Abra Configurações do sistema indo para Lançador de aplicações KickoffComputadorConfigurações do sistema. + + +Clique no ícone Configurações de tela. + + +Marque a caixa de seleção com o nome "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace reinicia o xserver". + + +Clique no botão Aplicar e saia das Configurações de sistema. + + + + + +Salvar e fechar todas as aplicações abertas. + + + +Pressione CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + +Reinicie o KDE através da linha de comando + +Salvar e fechar todas as aplicações abertas. + + + +Inicie o Konsole indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaTerminal (Konsole). Na linha de comando digite o seguinte e pressione a tecla Enter (se for pedida uma senha, digite a senha do usuário seguida pela tecla Enter): +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +Iniciar um programa manualmente + +Algumas vezes pode ser útil iniciar um programa manualmente, como quando o programa não possui uma entrada no menu. Isso é fácil de fazer com a aplicação KRunner. + + + +Abra o aplicativo KRunner pressionando AltF2 + + + +Digite o nome do programa a ser executado, e pressione a tecla Enter. + + + + + +Ativa o NumLock automaticamente quando Iniciar o KDE + + + +Inicie Configurações do sistema indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffComputadorConfigurações do sistema. Na janela Configurações do sistema, selecione a opção Mouse & teclado + + + +Na seção Teclado, procure pela subseção intitulada NumLock na inicialização do KDE, habilite a caixa Ligar. Clique em Aplicar para salvar as configurações. + + + +As mudanças terão efeito na próxima inicialização do KDE. Para testar agora mesmo, desligue o NumLock e reinicie o KDE (veja ). + + + +Lidar com links help:/ no Firefox da mesma forma que o Konqueror + +O Firefox não é instalado por padrão, então para que isso funcione, o Firefox precisa já estar instalado. Por favor veja a documentação Adicionando aplicativos para mais informações sobre como instalar aplicativos. + +Konqueror, por padrão, pode trabalhar com URL do tipo help:/. Firefox também pode fazê-lo da mesma forma. As configurações do Firefox devem ser manualmente ajustadas para este propósito. O seguinte procedimento auxiliará você com esta configuração. + + + +Inicie o Firefox indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador Web. + + + +Na barra de endereço, digite about:config e pressione a tecla Enter. + + + +Clique com o botão Direito do mouse na lista e selecioneNova opçãoBoolean.... Digite network.protocol-handler.external.help como Nome da Opção e true como Valor. Pressione OK quando finalizar suas configurações. + + + +Clique com o botão Direito do mouse na lista e selecione Nova opçãoString.... Digite network.protocol-handler.app.help como o Nome da Opção e khelpcenter como Valor. Pressione o botão OK quando completar. + + + + + +Editar o lançador de aplicativos Kickoff + +Kubuntu vem com o Editor de Menus do KDE , de forma que os menus possam ser personalizados e as entradas adicionadas para aplicações que não aparecem automaticamente depois que elas são instaladas. Para adicionar, remover ou modificar uma entrada, use o procedimento a seguir. + + + +Abrir o Editor de Menus do KDE ao pressionar o botão direito sobre o ícon do Lançador de aplicações Kickoff e escolhendo Editor de menu. Se o Kicker estiver travado, o Editor de Menus do KDE pode ser aberto ao se pressionar altF2 e digitando-se kmenuedit seguido do pressionamento da tecla Enter. + + + +No painel a esquerda do Editor de Menu do KDE, escolha o submenu a nova entrada aparecerá dentro. + + + +Escolha ArquivoNovo Item ou clique no botão Novo Item. Na janela Novo Item, escolha um Nome. Adicione uma Descrição, Comentário, e umComando. Selecione o ícone clicando em Ícone. O Comando geralmente será o nome do pacote, Nome é o que será mostrado no menu, e o Comentário irá ser mostrado numa tooltip perto de um campo no menu. Os Ícones são escolhidos do diretório padrão /usr/share/icons/icon_theme, ou podem ser escolhidos de qualquer outro diretório. + + + +Para mudar a ordem das entradas do menu, clique e arrasta uma entrada na janela do Editor de Menu KDE. + + + + +Instalar fontes extras + +Esta seção descreve como instalar fontes extra dos arquivos do Kubuntu. + + + +Para Fontes Internacionais , Instale os seguintes pacotes (por favor visite a documentação Adicionando Aplicações para ajuda em como instalar aplicativos extras): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +Para fontes Microsoft TrueType, instale o pacote ttf-mscorefonts-installer. + + + +Para fontes Ghostscript, instale o pacote gsfonts-x11 (por favor veja a documentação Adicionando Aplicações para ajuda sobre a instalação de aplicações extras). + + + +Fontes individuais podem ser instaladas facilmente ao se abrir Konqueror e digitando-se fonts:/ na barra de localização. A fonte pode então ser instalada, quer em todo sistema, quer para uso pessoal, por arrastar-e-soltar nas pastas respectivas. + + + + + + +Alterando temas + + + + +O Kubuntu permite que os temas sejam alterados facilmente. Vá em Lançador de aplicativos Kickoff (K Menu) + + + +Clique em sistema + + + +Abra Configurações do sistema + + + +No painel da esquerda, clique Aparência, então vá para a aba Área de trabalho no topo. + + + + +Daqui, é possível escolher da lista de temas instalados. + + + +Para instalar um novo tema, clique no botão do canto inferior direito. + + + +Aqui, pegue a fonte e execute uma busca para o tema desejado. + + + +Assim que o tema for baixado e instalado, ele pode ser escolhido na lista de temas instalados. + + + + + + + +Adicionando novos plasmoides ao desktop + +Adicionar plasmoides (também chamados de Widgets) é feito do próprio desktop. + + + +Procure o pequeno botão em forma de castanha de caju e clique nele para aparecer um menu. + + +Selecione o botão Adicionar widgets... para obter uma lista de widgets. + + +Daqui, selecione o widget desejado. + + + + + +Para instalar um novo widget, clique no botão Obter novos Widgets no canto superior esquerdo da janela. + + +Selecione pesquisa e baixe ou instale a partir do arquivo, e siga as instruções na tela a partir de lá. + + + + + + +Adicionando um novo painel + + +Procure o pequeno botão em forma de castanha de caju e clique nele para aparecer um menu. + + +Clique em Adicionar painel + + +Achar o novo painel castanho e clicar com esquerda para alterar as propriedades do painel. + + + +Há preferências para a altura, largura, adicionar widgets e todas as outras propriedades do painel. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/ru/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/ru/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/ru/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/ru/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,937 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Desktop +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ предназначен для настройки системы Kubuntu + + + + + +Введение в Настройку Рабочего стола + +Одной замечательной особенностью KDE является возможность настроить почти каждый аспект среды рабочего стола. Обои, темы, виджеты, цветовые схемы, заставки и многое другое, параметры для настройки безграничны. + + +KDE-Look.org is the number one +location to find customized settings for the KDE desktop. Some of the +applications within KDE even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a +new configuration or image. + + + +For further information concerning Desktop Customization, please review the +System Settings +Documentation. + + + + + + +Desktop Tips + +Этот раздел предлагает некоторые советы по использованию и настройке рабочего стола. + + +Run programs automatically when KDE starts + + + + +The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the +Session Management feature of KDE. KDE can be set up to be +exactly right with every login. + + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + +Другой способ автоматически запускать программы заключается в копировании ярлыков из /usr/share/applications в каталог ~/.kde/Autostart + + + + + +Login automatically to KDE when the computer starts + + +It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots. This is +not recommended for most computers, as it is not secure and may allow other +users access to private information. + + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + + +Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable +Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop-down menu +and select an appropriate time delay. + + + + + + +Restart KDE without rebooting the computer + + +Restart KDE via keyboard + + +Ensure that the system has the ability to restart KDE via the keyboard. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Select the Display icon. + + + + +Select the checkbox that is labeled "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace restarts +the xserver". + + + + +Press the Apply button and close out of +System Settings. + + + + + + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + + +Press CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + + +Restart KDE via the command line + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). At the +command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if +asked for a password, type in the proper user password followed by the +Enter key): + +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + + +Start a Program Manually + + +Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, such as when the program +does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the +KRunner application. + + + + + +Open KRunner application by pressing +AltF2 + + + + + +Enter the name of the program to run, and press the +Enter key. + + + + + + +Automatically turn on NumLock when KDE starts + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. In +the System Settings window, select the +Keyboard & Mouse option. + + + + + +Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled +NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn +On checkbox. Click on Apply to save the +settings. + + + + + +The change will take effect with the next log-in to KDE. To test it right away, +turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see ). + + + + +Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror + + +Firefox is not installed by default, so in order for +this to work, Firefox must be already installed. +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for more information on installing applications. + + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + + +Start Firefox by choosing left Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +In the address bar, type about:config and press the +Enter key. + + + + + +Right click on the list and select +NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the +Preference Name and true as the +Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + +Right click again on the list and select +NewString. Type +network.protocol-handler.app.help as the +Preference Name and khelpcenter as +the Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + + +Edit Kickoff Application Launcher + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + + +In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the +submenu the new entry should appear in. + + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + + +To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the +KDE Menu Editor window. + + + + + +Install Extra Fonts + + +This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives. + + + + + +For international fonts, install the following +packages (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help on installing extra applications): + + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + + +For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the +ttf-mscorefonts-installer +package. + + + + + +For Ghostscript fonts, install the +gsfonts-x11 package (please refer to the Adding Applications +documentation for help on installing extra applications). + + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Changing themes + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + + +Click System + + + + + +Open System Settings. + + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + + +From here, it's possible to choose from the list of installed themes. + + + + + +To install a new theme, click on the button at the bottom right. + + + + + +From here, pick the source and run a search for the desired theme. + + + + + +Once the theme is downloaded and installed, it can be picked from the +list of installed themes. + + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Adding a New Panel + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + +Нажмите "Добавить панель" + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + + +There are settings for height, width, add widgets and all of the other +properties of the panel. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sk/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sk/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sk/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sk/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,951 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Kubuntu Desktop +&legalnotice; + + +This document is for configuring the Kubuntu desktop, layout and themes. + + + + + + +Introduction to Desktop Customization + + +One great thing about KDE is the ability to customize just about every aspect +of the desktop environment. Wallpapers, themes, widgets, color schemes, splash +screens and more, the options for customization are endless. + + + +KDE-Look.org is the number one +location to find customized settings for the KDE desktop. Some of the +applications within KDE even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a +new configuration or image. + + + +For further information concerning Desktop Customization, please review the +System Settings +Documentation. + + + + + + +Desktop Tips + + +This section offers some tips for using and customizing the desktop. + + + +Run programs automatically when KDE starts + + + + +The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the +Session Management feature of KDE. KDE can be set up to be +exactly right with every login. + + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + + +Another method to start programs automatically with login is to copy the desktop +entry of the application from /usr/share/applications to +the ~/.kde/Autostart directory. + + + + + + +Login automatically to KDE when the computer starts + + +It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots. This is +not recommended for most computers, as it is not secure and may allow other +users access to private information. + + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + + +Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable +Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop-down menu +and select an appropriate time delay. + + + + + + +Restart KDE without rebooting the computer + + +Restart KDE via keyboard + + +Ensure that the system has the ability to restart KDE via the keyboard. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Select the Display icon. + + + + +Select the checkbox that is labeled "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace restarts +the xserver". + + + + +Press the Apply button and close out of +System Settings. + + + + + + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + + +Press CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + + +Restart KDE via the command line + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). At the +command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if +asked for a password, type in the proper user password followed by the +Enter key): + +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + + +Start a Program Manually + + +Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, such as when the program +does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the +KRunner application. + + + + + +Open KRunner application by pressing +AltF2 + + + + + +Enter the name of the program to run, and press the +Enter key. + + + + + + +Automatically turn on NumLock when KDE starts + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. In +the System Settings window, select the +Keyboard & Mouse option. + + + + + +Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled +NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn +On checkbox. Click on Apply to save the +settings. + + + + + +The change will take effect with the next log-in to KDE. To test it right away, +turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see ). + + + + +Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror + + +Firefox is not installed by default, so in order for +this to work, Firefox must be already installed. +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for more information on installing applications. + + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + + +Start Firefox by choosing left Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +In the address bar, type about:config and press the +Enter key. + + + + + +Right click on the list and select +NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the +Preference Name and true as the +Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + +Right click again on the list and select +NewString. Type +network.protocol-handler.app.help as the +Preference Name and khelpcenter as +the Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + + +Edit Kickoff Application Launcher + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + + +In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the +submenu the new entry should appear in. + + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + + +To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the +KDE Menu Editor window. + + + + + +Install Extra Fonts + + +This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives. + + + + + +For international fonts, install the following +packages (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help on installing extra applications): + + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + + +For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the +ttf-mscorefonts-installer +package. + + + + + +For Ghostscript fonts, install the +gsfonts-x11 package (please refer to the Adding Applications +documentation for help on installing extra applications). + + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Changing themes + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + + +Click System + + + + + +Open System Settings. + + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + + +From here, it's possible to choose from the list of installed themes. + + + + + +To install a new theme, click on the button at the bottom right. + + + + + +From here, pick the source and run a search for the desired theme. + + + + + +Once the theme is downloaded and installed, it can be picked from the +list of installed themes. + + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Adding a New Panel + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Click on Add Panel + + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + + +There are settings for height, width, add widgets and all of the other +properties of the panel. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sl/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sl/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sl/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sl/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,951 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Kubuntu Desktop +&legalnotice; + + +This document is for configuring the Kubuntu desktop, layout and themes. + + + + + + +Introduction to Desktop Customization + + +One great thing about KDE is the ability to customize just about every aspect +of the desktop environment. Wallpapers, themes, widgets, color schemes, splash +screens and more, the options for customization are endless. + + + +KDE-Look.org is the number one +location to find customized settings for the KDE desktop. Some of the +applications within KDE even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a +new configuration or image. + + + +For further information concerning Desktop Customization, please review the +System Settings +Documentation. + + + + + + +Desktop Tips + + +This section offers some tips for using and customizing the desktop. + + + +Run programs automatically when KDE starts + + + + +The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the +Session Management feature of KDE. KDE can be set up to be +exactly right with every login. + + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + + +Another method to start programs automatically with login is to copy the desktop +entry of the application from /usr/share/applications to +the ~/.kde/Autostart directory. + + + + + + +Login automatically to KDE when the computer starts + + +It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots. This is +not recommended for most computers, as it is not secure and may allow other +users access to private information. + + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + + +Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable +Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop-down menu +and select an appropriate time delay. + + + + + + +Restart KDE without rebooting the computer + + +Restart KDE via keyboard + + +Ensure that the system has the ability to restart KDE via the keyboard. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Select the Display icon. + + + + +Select the checkbox that is labeled "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace restarts +the xserver". + + + + +Press the Apply button and close out of +System Settings. + + + + + + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + + +Press CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + + +Restart KDE via the command line + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). At the +command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if +asked for a password, type in the proper user password followed by the +Enter key): + +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + + +Start a Program Manually + + +Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, such as when the program +does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the +KRunner application. + + + + + +Open KRunner application by pressing +AltF2 + + + + + +Enter the name of the program to run, and press the +Enter key. + + + + + + +Automatically turn on NumLock when KDE starts + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. In +the System Settings window, select the +Keyboard & Mouse option. + + + + + +Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled +NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn +On checkbox. Click on Apply to save the +settings. + + + + + +The change will take effect with the next log-in to KDE. To test it right away, +turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see ). + + + + +Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror + + +Firefox is not installed by default, so in order for +this to work, Firefox must be already installed. +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for more information on installing applications. + + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + + +Start Firefox by choosing left Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +In the address bar, type about:config and press the +Enter key. + + + + + +Right click on the list and select +NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the +Preference Name and true as the +Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + +Right click again on the list and select +NewString. Type +network.protocol-handler.app.help as the +Preference Name and khelpcenter as +the Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + + +Edit Kickoff Application Launcher + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + + +In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the +submenu the new entry should appear in. + + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + + +To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the +KDE Menu Editor window. + + + + + +Install Extra Fonts + + +This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives. + + + + + +For international fonts, install the following +packages (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help on installing extra applications): + + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + + +For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the +ttf-mscorefonts-installer +package. + + + + + +For Ghostscript fonts, install the +gsfonts-x11 package (please refer to the Adding Applications +documentation for help on installing extra applications). + + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Changing themes + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + + +Click System + + + + + +Open System Settings. + + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + + +From here, it's possible to choose from the list of installed themes. + + + + + +To install a new theme, click on the button at the bottom right. + + + + + +From here, pick the source and run a search for the desired theme. + + + + + +Once the theme is downloaded and installed, it can be picked from the +list of installed themes. + + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Adding a New Panel + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Click on Add Panel + + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + + +There are settings for height, width, add widgets and all of the other +properties of the panel. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sr/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sr/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sr/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sr/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,951 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Kubuntu Desktop +&legalnotice; + + +This document is for configuring the Kubuntu desktop, layout and themes. + + + + + + +Introduction to Desktop Customization + + +One great thing about KDE is the ability to customize just about every aspect +of the desktop environment. Wallpapers, themes, widgets, color schemes, splash +screens and more, the options for customization are endless. + + + +KDE-Look.org is the number one +location to find customized settings for the KDE desktop. Some of the +applications within KDE even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a +new configuration or image. + + + +For further information concerning Desktop Customization, please review the +System Settings +Documentation. + + + + + + +Desktop Tips + + +This section offers some tips for using and customizing the desktop. + + + +Run programs automatically when KDE starts + + + + +The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the +Session Management feature of KDE. KDE can be set up to be +exactly right with every login. + + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + + +Another method to start programs automatically with login is to copy the desktop +entry of the application from /usr/share/applications to +the ~/.kde/Autostart directory. + + + + + + +Login automatically to KDE when the computer starts + + +It is possible to login a user automatically when the computer boots. This is +not recommended for most computers, as it is not secure and may allow other +users access to private information. + + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + + +Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable +Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop-down menu +and select an appropriate time delay. + + + + + + +Restart KDE without rebooting the computer + + +Restart KDE via keyboard + + +Ensure that the system has the ability to restart KDE via the keyboard. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Select the Display icon. + + + + +Select the checkbox that is labeled "Ctrl+Alt+Backspace restarts +the xserver". + + + + +Press the Apply button and close out of +System Settings. + + + + + + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + + +Press CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + + +Restart KDE via the command line + + +Save and close all open applications. + + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). At the +command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if +asked for a password, type in the proper user password followed by the +Enter key): + +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + + +Start a Program Manually + + +Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, such as when the program +does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the +KRunner application. + + + + + +Open KRunner application by pressing +AltF2 + + + + + +Enter the name of the program to run, and press the +Enter key. + + + + + + +Automatically turn on NumLock when KDE starts + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. In +the System Settings window, select the +Keyboard & Mouse option. + + + + + +Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled +NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn +On checkbox. Click on Apply to save the +settings. + + + + + +The change will take effect with the next log-in to KDE. To test it right away, +turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see ). + + + + +Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror + + +Firefox is not installed by default, so in order for +this to work, Firefox must be already installed. +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for more information on installing applications. + + + +Konqueror is able to handle help:/ +URLs by default. Firefox is also +able to handle these the same way. The Firefox +configuration must manually edited for this to work properly. The following +procedure will assist with this configuration. + + + + + +Start Firefox by choosing left Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +In the address bar, type about:config and press the +Enter key. + + + + + +Right click on the list and select +NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the +Preference Name and true as the +Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + +Right click again on the list and select +NewString. Type +network.protocol-handler.app.help as the +Preference Name and khelpcenter as +the Value. Press the OK button when +complete. + + + + + + +Edit Kickoff Application Launcher + + +Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so menus +can be customized and entries added for applications that don't automatically +appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, use the +following procedure. + + + + + +Open KDE Menu Editor by +right clicking on Kickoff Application +Launcher icon (the KDE Menu) and choosing Menu +Editor. If the Kicker is locked, +KDE Menu Editor can be opened by pressing +AltF2 and typing +kmenuedit followed by pressing the Enter +key. + + + + + +In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the +submenu the new entry should appear in. + + + + +Choose FileNew +Item or press the New Item +button. In the New Item window, choose a +Name. Then add the Description, +Comment, and Command. Select the icon +by clicking on Icon. The Command will +usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on +the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that +appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from +/usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be +chosen from any directory. + + + + + +To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the +KDE Menu Editor window. + + + + + +Install Extra Fonts + + +This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives. + + + + + +For international fonts, install the following +packages (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for help on installing extra applications): + + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + + +For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the +ttf-mscorefonts-installer +package. + + + + + +For Ghostscript fonts, install the +gsfonts-x11 package (please refer to the Adding Applications +documentation for help on installing extra applications). + + + + + +Individual fonts can be installed easily by opening +Konqueror and typing fonts:/ +into the location bar. The font can then be installed, either system-wide or for + personal use, by dragging and dropping into the respective folders. + + + + + + + +Changing themes + + + + + +Kubuntu allows themes to be changed simply. Go to the +Kickoff Application Launcher (K Menu) + + + + + +Click System + + + + + +Open System Settings. + + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + + +From here, it's possible to choose from the list of installed themes. + + + + + +To install a new theme, click on the button at the bottom right. + + + + + +From here, pick the source and run a search for the desired theme. + + + + + +Once the theme is downloaded and installed, it can be picked from the +list of installed themes. + + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Adding a New Panel + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Click on Add Panel + + + + +Find the new panel cashew and Left click on it to +alter the properties of the panel. + + + + + +There are settings for height, width, add widgets and all of the other +properties of the panel. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sv/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sv/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/sv/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/sv/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,770 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntus skrivbord +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument är för att konfigurera skrivbordet, layout och teman i Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduktion till anpassade skrivbord + +En bra sak med KDE är möjligheten att anpassa nästan alla aspekter av skrivbordsmiljön. Bakgrundsbilder, teman, skrivbordsprogram, färgscheman, startbild och mer, alternativen för anpassningar är oändliga. + +KDE-Look.org är nummer ett av platser för att hitta anpassade inställningar för KDE-skrivbordet. Några av programmen i KDE medger även direkt anslutning till KDE-Look för att hämta en ny konfiguration eller bild. + +Ta en titt på dokumentationen för Systeminställningar för ytterligare information om anpassning av skrivbordet. + + + + + +Skrivbordstips + +Detta avsnitt ger några tips för att använda och anpassa skrivbordet. + + +Kör ett program automatiskt när KDE startas + + + +Det enklaste sättet att automatiskt köra program när KDE startar är att använda sessionshanterar funktionen i KDE. KDE kan ställas in för att bli exakt rätt vid varje inloggning. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem +SettingsAdvancedSession +Manager +from the Advanced tab on the top and then the Advanced User +Settings section. Click the Session Manager +button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved +session checkbox is enabled. + + + + + +En annan metod för att starta program automatiskt vid inloggningen, är att kopiera programmets skrivbordskonfigurationsfil från /usr/share/applications till katalogen ~/.kde/Autostart. + + + + + +Logga in i KDE automatiskt när datorn startar + +Det är möjligt att automatiskt logga in en användare när datorn startar. Detta rekommenderas inte för de flesta datorer, eftersom det inte är säkert och kan ge andra användare tillgång till privat information. + + + + +Go to System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. +Under the Advanced tab, select the Login +Manager. + + + + + +Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter the proper +user password to gain administrator privileges. + + + + +Välj fliken Bekvämlighet. Markera Aktivera automatisk inloggning och välj användare från rullgardinsmenyn och välj en lämplig fördöjningstid. + + + + + +Starta om KDE utan att starta om datorn + + +Starta om KDE via tangentbordet + +Säkerställ att systemet har möjlighet till att starta om KDE genom att använda tangentbordet. + + +Öppna Systeminställningar genom att gå till Kickoff programstartDatorSysteminställningar. + + +Välj ikonen Skärm. + + +Markera kryssrutan "Ctrl+Alt+Backsteg startar om xservern". + + +Tryck på knappen Verkställ och stäng Systeminställningar. + + + + + +Spara och stäng alla öppna program. + + + +Tryck på CtrlAltBacksteg + + + + + +Starta om KDE via kommandoraden + +Spara och stäng alla öppna program. + + + +Öppna Konsole genom att gå till Kickoff programstartarenProgramSystemTerminal (Konsole). Vid kommandoprompten skriv följande och tryck på Enter tangenten (om du tillfrågas efter ett lösenord, skriv in rätt användarlösenord följt av Enter tangenten): +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +Starta ett program manuellt + +Ibland kan det vara lämpligt att starta ett program manuellt, Till exempel när ett program saknas i menyn. Detta är enkelt att göra med programmet KRunner. + + + +Öppna programmet KRunner genom att trycka på AltF2 + + + +Skriv in namnet på programmet som skall köras och tryck på Enter tangenten. + + + + + +Sätt automatiskt på NumLock när KDE startar + + + +Öppna Systeminställningar genom att gå till Kickoff progeamstartarenDatorSysteminställningar. I fönstret Systeminställningar, välj alternativet för Inmatningsenheter. + + + +Under sektionen för Tangentbord, leta upp texten NumLock vid start av KDE, aktivera kryssrutan Slå på. Klicka på Verkställ för att spara inställningarna. + + + +Ändringen kommer att få effekt vid nästa inloggning till KDE. För att prova det direkt, stäng av NumLock och starta om KDE (see ). + + + +Hantera help:/ länkar i Firefox på samma sätt som i Konqueror + +Firefox är inte installerat som standard, så för att detta skall fungera måste Firefox vara installerat. Se dokumentationen Lägg till program för mer information om att installera program. + +Konqueror kan som standard hantera help:/ URL. Firefox kan också hantera dessa på samma sätt. Firefox måste konfigureras manuellt för att detta skall fungera. följande procedur kommer att hjälpa till med den här konfigureringen . + + + +Starta Firefox genom att välja Kickoff programstartProgramInternetWebbläsare. + + + +I adressfältet, skriv about:config och tryck på Enter-tangenten. + + + +Högerklicka på listan och välj NyBoolesk. Skriv network.protocol-handler.external.help i fältet för Inställningsnamn och true som Värde. Tryck sedan på knappen OK. + + + +Högerklicka på listan igen och välj NySträng. Skriv network.protocol-handler.app.help i fältet för Inställningsnamn och khelpcenter som Värde. Tryck sedan på knappen OK. + + + + + +Redigera Kickoff programstart + +Kubuntu levereras med KDE:s menyeditor, så att menyn kan anpassas och för att lägga till program som inte automatiskt lagts till i menyn under installationen. För att lägga till, ta bort eller redigera en post, använd följande procedur. + + + +Öppna KDE:s menyeditor genom att högerklicka på ikonen för Kickoff programstartare (KDE Menyn) och välj Menyeditor. Om programstartaren är låst, kan KDE:s menyeditor öppnas genom att trycka på AltF2 och skriva kmenuedit följt av Enter tangenten. + + + +I vänstra panelen i KDE:s menyeditor, välj undermenyn där den nya posten skall förekomma. + + + +Välj ArkivNy post eller klicka på knappen för Ny post. I fönstret Ny post, välj ett Namn. Lägg därefter till en beskrivning, kommentar och kommando. Välj ikon genom att klicka på ikonen. Kommandot är normalt paketnamnet. Namnet är vad som kommer synas i menyn och kommentaren kommer visas som programinformation och kommer att visas brevid menyposten. Ikoner välj normalt från katalogen /usr/share/icons/icon_theme, eller väljas från någon annan katalog. + + + +För att ändra ordningen på menyposterna, markera posten och förflytta den i fönstret i KDE:s menyeditor. + + + + +Installera extra typsnitt + +Detta avsnitt beskriver installationen av extra typsnitt från Kubuntu-arkiven. + + + +För att stödja internationella typsnitt behöver du installera följande paket (läs hur man installerar paket under Lägg till program): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +För Microsoft TrueType typsnitt, installera paketet ttf-mscorefonts-installer. + + + +För att kunna använda Ghostscript-typsnitt behöver du installera paketet gsfonts-x11 (läs hur man installerar paket under Lägg till program): + + + +Individuella typsnitt kan enkelt installeras genom att öppna Konqueror och skriva fonts:/ i adressfältet. Typsnittet kan därefter installeras, antingen för hela systemet eller för personlig användning genom att dra och släppa i avsedd mapp. + + + + + + +Ändra tema + + + + +Kubuntu gör det är enkelt att ändra tema. Gå till Kickoff programstartaren (K meny) + + + +Klicka på system + + + +Öppna Systeminställningar. + + + + +In the left-hand pane, click Appearance, then to go the Workspace Tab at the +top. + + + + + +Härifrån går det att välja från listan över installerade teman. + + + +För att installera ett nytt tema, klicka på knappen i nedre högra hörnet. + + + +Markera en källa och utför en sökning efter det önskade temat. + + + +När temat har hämtats och installerats, kan det väljas från listan över installerade teman. + + + + + + + +Adding New Plasmoids to the Desktop + + +Adding Plasmoids (also called Widgets) is done from the desktop itself. + + + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + + +Select the Add Widets... button to bring up a list of widgets. + + + + +From here select the desired widget. + + + + + + + +To install a new widget, select the Get New Widgets button on the upper left of +the window. + + + + +Select search and download or install from file, and follow the +on screen instructions from there. + + + + + + + +Lägg till en ny panel + + + +Find the small cashew-shaped button and click on it to bring up a menu. + + + +Klicka på lägg till panel + + +Leta upp den nya panelens verktygslåda och vänsterklicka på den för att ändra egenskaperna för panelen. + + + +Där finns inställningar för höjd, bredd, lägga till grafiska komponenter och alla andra egenskaperna för panelen. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/uk/desktop.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/uk/desktop.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/desktop/uk/desktop.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/desktop/uk/desktop.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,735 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Стільниця Kubuntu +&legalnotice; + +Цей документ присвячено налаштуванню стільниці Kubuntu, зміні її компонування та зміні тем. + + + + + +Вступ до налаштування стільниці + +В KDE можна використовувати чудову можливість налаштовувати кожен елемент робочого середовища. Шпалери, теми, віджети, кольорові схеми, заставки та інші елементи, можливості для налаштування необмежені. + +Першим з місць, звідки слід починати пошуки параметрів налаштування вашої стільниці KDE, є KDE-Look.org. У деяких з програм KDE навіть передбачено з’єднання безпосередньо з KDE-Look для звантаження нових налаштувань або зображень. + +Подальші відомості щодо налаштування стільниці можна знайти у документації з «Системних параметрів». + + + + + +Підказки щодо стільниці + +У цьому розділі ви знайдете деякі з підказок щодо користування та налаштування вашої стільниці. + + +Автоматичний запуск програм разом з KDE + + + +Найпростішим способом автоматичного запуску програм під час запуску KDE є використання можливості Керування сеансами у KDE. Ви можете налаштувати KDE так, щоб середовище одразу після вашого входу до системи завжди запускало саме ті програми, які ви бажаєте. + + + +Скористайтеся пунктом Інструменту запуску програм KickoffСистемні параметриДодатковоМенеджер сеансів. Позначте пункт Відновлювати збережений вручну сеанс. + + + + +Ще одним способом є копіювання запису .desktop програми, яку ви бажаєте запускати автоматично, з теки /usr/share/applications до теки ~/.kde/Autostart. + + + + + +Автоматичний вхід до KDE після запуску комп’ютера + +У системі передбачено можливість автоматичного входу користувача до запису під час завантаження системи. Ми не рекомендуємо вам користуватися таким входом на всіх комп’ютерах, оскільки він робить систему менш безпечною і може надати іншим користувачам доступ до вашої приватної інформації. + + + +Відкрийте вікно Системних параметрів за допомогою пункту Інструменту запуску програм KickoffКомп’ютерСистемні параметри. На вкладці Додатково натисніть пункт Менеджер реєстрації. + + + +Натисніть кнопку Режим адміністратора... і введіть пароль вашого користувача, щоб отримати права доступу адміністратора. + + + +Перейдіть на вкладку Зручність. Позначте пункт Дозволити автоматичну реєстрацію та оберіть користувача, який автоматично реєструватиметься у системі зі спадного списку, а також визначте відповідну часову затримку. + + + + + +Перезапуск KDE без перезавантаження системи + + +Перезапуск KDE за допомогою клавіатури + +Переконайтеся, що у вашій системі увімкнено можливість перезапуску KDE за допомогою клавіатури. + + +Відкрийте Системні параметри за допомогою пункту Інструменту запуску програм KickoffКомп’ютерСистемні параметри. + + +Натисніть піктограму Дисплей. + + +Позначте пункт з міткою «Ctrl+Alt+Backspace перезапускає xserver». + + +Натисніть кнопку Застосувати і закрийте вікно Системних параметрів. + + + + + +Збережіть дані і закрийте вікна всіх програм. + + + +Натисніть комбінацію клавіш CtrlAltBackspace + + + + + +Перезапуск KDE за допомогою командного рядка + +Збережіть дані і закрийте вікна всіх програм. + + + +Відкрийте вікно Konsole за допомогою пункту Інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаТермінал (Konsole). У командному рядку введіть наведену нижче команду і натисніть клавішу Enter (якщо система запитає у вас пароль, введіть пароль вашого користувача і натисніть клавішу Enter): +sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart + + + + + + +Запуск програми вручну + +Іноді корисно знати, як запустити програму вручну, наприклад, якщо у програми немає пункту меню. Виконати це завдання дуже просто, якщо скористатися програмою KRunner. + + + +Відкрийте вікно програми KRunner натисканням комбінації клавіш AltF2 + + + +Введіть назву програми, яку ви бажаєте запустити і натисніть клавішу Enter. + + + + + +Наказати середовищу вмикати режим NumLock під час запуску KDE + + + +Відкрийте вікно програми Системні параметри за допомогою пункту Інструменту запуску програм KickoffКомп’ютерСистемні параметри. У вікні Системних параметрів натисніть піктограму з підписом Клавіатура і мишка. + + + +У розділі Клавіатура знайдіть підрозділ з заголовком NumLock під час запуску KDE, позначте пункт Увімкнути. Натисніть кнопку Застосувати, щоб застосувати внесені вами зміни. + + + +Зміни набудуть чинності під час вашого наступного входу до KDE. Якщо вам потрібна негайна перевірка, вимкніть NumLock і перезапустіть KDE (див. ). + + + +Обробка посилань help:/ у Firefox у режимі Konqueror + +Переглядач Firefox типово не встановлено, отже вам слід попередньо встановити Firefox. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення програм, будь ласка, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм документації з операційної системи. + +Konqueror типово здатен обробляти адреси, що починаються з help:/. Firefox також може обробляти подібні адреси. Щоб переглядач працював належним чином, вам слід вручну змінити налаштування Firefox. Наведені нижче інструкції вам у цьому допоможуть. + + + +Запустіть Firefox за допомогою пункту Інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетПереглядач інтернету. + + + +У рядку адреси введіть about:config і натисніть клавішу Enter. + + + +Наведіть вказівник миші на список, клацніть правою кнопкою миші і оберіть пункт СтворитиЛогічне. Введіть у віконці network.protocol-handler.external.help як Ім’я налаштування і true як його Значення. Натисніть кнопку OK. + + + +Знову наведіть вказівник миші на список, клацніть правою кнопкою миші і оберіть пункт СтворитиРядок. Введіть у віконці network.protocol-handler.app.help як Ім’я налаштування і khelpcenter як його Значення. Натисніть кнопку OK. + + + + + +Редагування меню засобу запуску програм Kickoff + +Kubuntu постачається з Редактором меню KDE, отже ви зможете налаштовувати меню і додавати пункти програм, які не з’явилися у ньому автоматично після встановлення. Щоб додати, вилучити або змінити пункт меню, виконайте послідовність наведених нижче кроків. + + + +Відкрийте вікно Редактора меню KDE. Для цього наведіть вказівник миші на кнопку засобу запуску програм Kickoff (меню KDE), клацніть правою кнопкою миші і виберіть у меню пункт Редактор меню. Якщо Kicker заблоковано, вікно Редактора меню KDE можна відкрити натисканням комбінації клавіш AltF2 з наступним введенням у вікно, яке буде відкрито, команди kmenuedit і натисканням клавіші Enter. + + + +На лівій панелі Редактора меню KDE позначте пункт підменю, у яке ви бажаєте додати новий пункт. + + + +Оберіть пункт меню ФайлНовий елемент або натисніть кнопку Новий елемент. У вікні Новий елемент оберіть Назву. Після цього додайте Опис, Коментар і Команду. Оберіть піктограму (для цього слід натиснути кнопку піктограми). Командою, зазвичай, буде назва пакунка, Назва — це той пункт, який буде показано у меню, а Коментар буде показано на панелі підказки до пункту меню. Типово, буде показано піктограми з каталогу /usr/share/icons/icon_theme, але ви можете обрати будь-яку з ваших власних піктограм, що зберігаються у окремих файлах. + + + +Щоб змінити розташування пункту меню, натисніть і перетягніть на потрібне місце цей пункт у вікні Редакторі меню KDE. + + + + +Встановлення додаткових шрифтів + +У цьому розділі ви знайдете відомості щодо встановлення додаткових шрифтів з архівів Kubuntu. + + + +Щоб мати змогу користуватися шрифтами з підтримкою символів різних мов, встановіть пакунки з наведеного нижче списку (щоб дізнатися про те, як встановлювати додаткові пакунки, будь ласка, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм документації з операційної системи): + + + +xfonts-intl-arabic +xfonts-intl-asian +xfonts-intl-chinese +xfonts-intl-chinese-big +xfonts-intl-european +xfonts-intl-japanese +xfonts-intl-japanese-big +xfonts-intl-phonetic + + + + + +Щоб отримати доступ до основних шрифтів TrueType Microsoft, встановіть пакунок ttf-mscorefonts-installer. + + + +Для того, щоб мати змогу користуватися шрифтами Ghostscript, встановіть пакунок gsfonts-x11 (щоб дізнатися про те, як встановлювати додаткові пакунки, будь ласка, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм документації з операційної системи): + + + +Окремі шрифти можна встановити у такий спосіб: відкрийте вікно Konqueror і введіть у поле адреси fonts:/. Після цього ви зможете встановити або загальносистемний шрифт або шрифт для особистого користування простим перетягуванням позначки файла шрифту до відповідної теки. + + + + + + +Зміна тем + + + + +У Kubuntu передбачено доволі просту зміну тем (вигляду стільниці). Відкрийте засіб для запуску програм Kickoff (K-меню) + + + +Натисніть пункт «Система» + + + +Відкрийте Системні параметри. + + + +На правій панелі натисніть пункт «Вигляд», а потім натисніть пункт вкладки «Стиль». + + + + +За допомогою відкритої вкладки можна вибрати одну зі встановлених у системі тем. + + + +Щоб встановити нову тему, натисніть кнопку, розташовану внизу праворуч. + + + +Виберіть джерело тем і виконайте пошук бажаної теми. + + + +Після завантаження і встановлення теми відповідний пункт з’явиться у списку встановлених тем. + + + + + + + +Додавання нових віджетів на стільницю + +Додавання віджетів (які також називають плазмоїдами) на стільницю можна виконати за допомогою самої стільниці. + + + +Знайдіть на стільниці схожу на жовту крапельку кнопку і натисніть її, щоб відкрити меню. + + +Натисніть у меню пункт «Додати віджети…», щоб відкрити список віджетів. + + +У списку виберіть бажаний віджет. + + + + + +Щоб встановити новий віджет, натисніть кнопку «Встановити нові віджети», розташовану у верхній лівій частині вікна. + + +Виберіть пункт пошуку і звантаження або встановіть віджет з файла, а потім виконайте настанови, які буде показано на екрані. + + + + + + +Додавання нової панелі + + +Знайдіть на стільниці схожу на жовту крапельку кнопку і натисніть її, щоб відкрити меню. + + +Виберіть у меню пункт «Додати панель» + + +Наведіть вказівник миші на кнопку з жовтою крапелькою на новій панелі і клацніть лівою кнопкою миші, щоб змінити параметри панелі. + + + +Передбачено зміну висоти, ширини, додавання віджетів та зміну інших параметрів панелі. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/de/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/de/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/de/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/de/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,689 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Entwicklungswerkzeuge +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument stellt eine kurze Einführung in die unterschiedlichen Typen der in Kubuntu möglichen Formen des Entwickelns . Es deckt Themen wie Programmiersprachen, Paketieren und Werkzeuge zum Entwickeln ab. + + + + +Einleitung +In der Linuxwelt, bedeutet der Ausdruck „Entwickler“ verschiedene Dinge. In diesem Dokumentationsartikel, bezieht der Ausdruck „Entwickler“ Themen wie Programmentwicklung einschließlich Programmiersprachen und graphische Benutzterschnittstellen Hilfspakete, eine kurzen Überblick über die Programme zur Webentwicklung und ein kurzer Überblick zum Paketieren von Programmen für Kubuntu. + + + + +Programmentwicklung + + +C++ +Das Kompilieren von C++ Programmen benötigt zusätzliche Pakete, die nicht vorinstalliert sind. + + + +Installieren Sie das build-essential Paket + + + +Es gibt viele Werkzeuge für C++ Entwickler. Leute, die daran interessiert sind graphische Oberflächen zu entwickeln, werden herausfinden, dass Graphik Toolkits oder Plattformen das Entwickeln vereinfachen. Zwei der beliebtesten Entwicklungsplattformen für Ubuntu und Kubuntu sind GTK/GNOME und Qt/KDE, jede hat ihre eigene Sammlung von Werkzeugen und Dokumentationen. +Das folgende ist eine Liste mit Werkzeugen, die in Kubuntu verfügbar sind und die genutzt werden können um C++ Programme zu entwickeln: +Werkzeuge +KDevelop + +Eine einfach zu nutztende Integrierte Entwicklungsumgebung (integrated development environment IDE) für KDE. Es unterstützt eine Vielzahl an Programmiersprachen und enthält eine Projektverwaltung, einen erweiterten Editor, einen Klassenbrowser und einen integrierten Debugger. + + + +Installieren Sie das kdevelop Paket + + + + + +Qt Creator + +Eine neue, leichtgewichtige, Plattformübergreifende integrierte Entwicklungsumgebung (integrated development environment IDE), die entwickelt wurde um das Entwickeln mit dem Qt Programmier Framework schnell und einfach zu machen. + + + +Installieren Sie das qtcreator Paket + + + + + +Eclipse + +Eine offene und erweiterbare Plattform für alles, aber nichts spezielles. Es stellt eine Grundgerüst zum Konstruieren und nutzten von integrierten Programmentwicklungswerkzeugen. Die Eclipseplattform erlaubt Werkzeugentwicklern, Werkzeuge, die sich so in einander integrieren, dass es schwer ist zu sagen wo das eine aufhört und das andere anfängt. unabhängig zu entwickeln. + + + +Installieren Sie das eclipse Paket + + + + + +Texteditoren + +Texteditoren sind in der Linuxwelt sehr mächtig, einschließlich Emacs, Vim, Kate und weiteren. Die meist erfahren + Entwickler nutzten Texteditoren anstatt Integrierten Entwicklungsumgebungen, weil sie glauben, dass es nicht in ihren Weg gerät. + + + +Das folgende ist eine Liste von Tutorials zu C++ Entwicklung (suchen Sie im Internet nach weiteren): +Anleitungen + + - YoLinux.com C++ Software Entwicklungsanleitungen + + + - HowtoForge Anfänger Anleitung für C++ + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Ressourcen Netzwerk + + + - ShowMeDo, lernen Sie mit der OpenSource Gemeinschaft (eine unglaubliche Sammlung von Anleitungen über alles!) + + + + +Python +Alles was Sie brauchen um mit Python Programme zu entwickeln ist in Kubuntu verfügbar. +Die folgenden Werkzeuge, die in Kubuntu verfügbar sind, sind nützlich zur Entwicklung von Pythonprogrammen: +Werkzeuge +Eric + +Eine vollfunktionale Python IDE in PyQt geschrieben mit Hilfe des QScintilla Editor Widgets. + + + +Installieren Sie das eric Paket + + + + + +Idle + +Eine Integrierte Entwicklungsumgebung für Python. IDLE wurde mit Tkinter geschrieben, so dass es stark plattformunabhängig ist. + + + +Installieren Sie das inaktiv Paket + + + + + +Texteditoren + +Texteditoren sind in der Linuxwelt sehr mächtig, einschließlich Emacs, Vim, Kate und weiteren. Die meist erfahren + Entwickler nutzten Texteditoren anstatt Integrierten Entwicklungsumgebungen, weil sie glauben, dass es nicht in ihren Weg gerät. + + + +Das folgende ist eine kleine Liste von Tutorials zur Pythonentwicklung (suchen Sie nach mehr im Internet): +Anleitungen + + - Eintauchen in Python (installiert das diveintopythonPaket) + + + - Python Learning Foundation's Python Anleitungen + + + - ShowMeDo, lernen Sie mit der OpenSource Gemeinschaft (eine unglaubliche Sammlung von Anleitungen über alles!) + + + + + +Werkzeugkästen für grafische Benutzeroberflächen +Eine graphische Benutzerschnittstellen Toolkit ist eine Sammlung von Widgets, die genutzt werden um Programme, die ein GUI haben. Bekannte Toolkits in der Linuxwelt sind: + + +Qt - ausgesprochencute (englisch für hübsch), ist ein Plattformübergreifendes Entwicklungsframework das hauptsächlich zur Entwicklung von GUI Programmen genutzt wird. Es wird von Nokia entwickelt und ist eine der Säulen der KDE Entwicklung. + + +GTK - das GIMP Toolkit ist ein hoch nutzbares, funktionenreiches Toolkit zur Erstellung von Graphischer Benutzerschnittstellen, die plattformübergreifend kompitabel sind. Es ist eine der Säulen der GNOME Entwicklung. + + +Beide Toolkits besitzen Bindings für Programmiersprachen wie C/C++, Python, Ruby, C# und anderen. + +Qt +Laut der Qt Webseite ist Qt alles was man benötigt um Webintegrierende Arbeitsumgebungen, Mobile und Eingebettete Programme zu schreiben. Qt hat das Motto Schreibe wenig. Ereiche viel. Laufe überall. Eine der bemerkenswertesten Aspekte von Qt ist, dass es als Basis von KDE Programmen genutzt wird. +Qt is eine große C++ Klassenbibliothek, es gibt auch Bindings für Java und Python. Neben den Bibliotheken, hat Qt auch eine ganze Sammlung von Werkzeugen zur Qt Entwicklung, eine bemerkenswerte API Dokumentation, sowie viele Tutorials. +Werkzeuge +Qt Creator + +Oben an erwähnt. + + + +Installieren Sie das qtcreator Paket + + + + + +Qt Designer + +Ein Programm, das Klassen, die die Erstellung eigener Widgetmodule für den Qt Desinger erlaubt, anbietet und Klassen, die den Zugriff auf Qt Desinger Komponenten erlauben. + + + +Installieren Sie das libqt4-designer Paket + + + + + +Qt Assistant + +Ein Programm, das Onlinehilfe für alles in Qt anbietet. + + + +Installieren Sie das libqt4-assistant Paket + + + + + +Qt Entwicklerwerkzeuge + +Werkzeuge, die genutzt werden um beim Qt4 Entwickeln zu helfen, etwa der QtAssistant, Linguist, D-Bus Viewer und das PIxel Tool Programm. + + + +Installieren Sie das qt4-dev-tools Paket + + + + + + + + + + + + +Web-Entwicklung +Webentwicklung umfasst so viele Auszeichnungssprachen und Skriptsprachen, dass es nicht möglich wäre einen kurzen Überblick zu geben. Viele Leute, die Webentwicklung betreiben, konzentrieren sich auf Auszeichnungssprachen wie HTML, XML und anderen, ebenso auch auf Skriptsprachen wie JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python und weiteren. +Das folgende ist ein kleiner Ausschnitt an Werkzeugen, die für das Kubuntu System verfügbar sind: +Werkzeuge +Quanta Plus + +Eine Webentwicklungsumgebung, die mit HTML und assoziativen Sprachen arbeitet. Es erstrebt neutral und transparent zu allen Auszeichnungssprachen zu sein, während es beliebte Webbasierende Scriptsprachen, CSS und andere W3L Empfehlungen unterstützt. + + + +Installieren Sie das quanta Paket + + + + + +KompoZer + +Ein komplettes Webautorensystem das Web Dateiverwaltung und einen einfach zu benutzende WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) Webseitengestaltung. + + + +Installieren Sie das kompozer Paket + + + + + +Texteditoren + +Texteditoren sind in der Linuxwelt sehr mächtig, einschließlich Emacs, Vim, Kate und weiteren. Die meist erfahren + Entwickler nutzten Texteditoren anstatt Integrierten Entwicklungsumgebungen, weil sie glauben, dass es nicht in ihren Weg gerät. + + + + + + + +Kubuntu Paketierung +In alten Linuxzeiten, bedeutete das Installieren von Programmen, dass der Nutzer Befehlen wie configure, make und make install brauchte um Programme in Quelltextpakete zu installieren. Debian (von dem Kubuntu stark abhängt) machte es einfach für Nutzer Programme zu installieren, ohne sich mit Abhängigkeiten, Befehlszeilenkonfiguration, speziellen Befehlsabfolgen, langem Warten oder anderen Ärgernissen plagen zu müssen. +Seitdem ist das Paketieren von Programmen ein weites Thema, das komplexer sein kann als es eigentlich ist. Folgende Links helfen zu einem guten Startpunkt im Paketieren für Kubuntu: + +Die Debianhandbucher sind ein guter Platz um anzufangen, bevor man zur Ubuntu (und Kubuntu) Paketieranleitung wechselt. + + + + - Das Debian Richtlinien Handbuch (Englisch) + + + - Die Debian Entwickler Reference (Englisch) + + + - Das Debian Neue Maintainer Handbuch + + + - Das Ubuntu Paketierungshandbuch (Englisch) + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/es/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/es/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/es/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/es/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,766 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Herramientas de desarrollo +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona una breve introducción a los distintos tipos de desarrollo disponible eb Kubuntu. Cubre temas como lenguajes, empaquetado y herramientas. + + + + +Introducción +En el mundo de Linux, el término «desarrollo» significa cosas distintas. En este artículo de documentación, el término «desarrollo» cubre temas tales como desarrollo de aplicaciones, incluyendo lenguajes y herramientas de interfaz gráfica de usuario, un breve resumen de aplicaciones disponibles para desarrollo web y un breve resumen de empaquetamiento de aplicaciones para Kubuntu. + + + + +Desarrollo de aplicaciones + + +C++ +Para compilar programas C++ se requiere paquetes extra que no están instalados por defecto. + + + +Instalar el paquete build-essential + + + +Hay muchas herramientas disponibles para desarrolladores de C++. Las personas interesadas en el desarrollo de aplicaciones gráficas encontrarán que los conjuntos de herramientas gráficas o plataformas hacen que el desarrollo sea más conveniente. Las dos plataformas de desarrollo más populares para Ubuntu y Kubuntu son GTK GNOME y Qt/KDE , cada una de ellas tiene su propio conjunto de herramientas y documentación. +Lo siguiente es una lista de herramientas disponibles en Kubuntu que se pueden usar para desarrollar aplicaciones C++: +Herramientas +KDevelop + +Un entorno de desarrollo integrado (IDE) fácil de usar para KDE. Soporta una amplia gama de lenguajes de programación y provee entre otros: gestión de proyectos, un editor avanzado, un navegador de clases y un depurador integrado. + + + +instale el paquete kdevelop + + + + + +Qt Creator + +Un nuevo entorno de desarrollo integrado (IDE) ligero y multiplataforma para hacer desarrollo con el entrono de trabajo de aplicación Qt rápido y sencillo. + + + +instale el paquete qtcreator + + + + + +Eclipse + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +instale el paquete eclipse + + + + + +Editores de texto + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + +Lo siguiente es una lista de tutoriales relativos a desarrollo en C++ (busque en Internet más tutoriales): +Tutoriales + + - Tutoriales de desarrollo de software C ++YoLinux.com C++ + + + - HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource Network + + + - ShowMeDo, aprenda con la comunidad del código abierto (un sorprendente conjunto de tutoriales sobre prácticamente todo) + + + + +Python +Casi todo lo necesario para comenzar a desarrollar una aplicación de Python está disponible en Kubuntu. +Las siguientes herramientas disponibles en Kubuntu son útiles para desarrollar aplicaciones Python: +Herramientas +Eric + +Un IDE para Python con funciones completas escrito en PyQt utilizando el editor de widgets QScintilla. + + + +instale el paquete eric + + + + + +Inactivo + +Un IDE para Python. IDLE está escrito usando Tkinter, así que es altamente independiente de la plataforma. + + + +instale el paquete inactivo + + + + + +Editores de texto + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + +A continuación una pequeña lista de tutoriales acerca de desarrollo en Python (busque en Internet tutoriales adicionales): +Tutoriales + + - Bucear en Python (instale el paquete diveintopython) + + + - Tutoriales de Python de la Fundación Python Learning + + + - ShowMeDo, aprenda con la comunidad del código abierto (un sorprendente conjunto de tutoriales sobre prácticamente todo) + + + + + +Herramientas de interfaz gráfica de usuario + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Herramientas +Qt Creator + +Mencionado arriba. + + + +instale el paquete qtcreator + + + + + +Qt Designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +instale el paquete libqt4-designer + + + + + +Qt Assistant + +Una aplicación que proporciona ayuda en línea para Qt. + + + +instale el paquete libqt4-assistant + + + + + +Herramientas de desarrolladore Qt + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +instale el paquete qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +Desarrollo web + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + +Lo siguiente es un pequeño conjunto de herramientas que están disponibles para el sistema Kubuntu: +Herramientas +Quanta Plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +instale el paquete quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +instale el paquete kompozer + + + + + +Editores de texto + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Empaquetamiento en Kubuntu + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + +Dado que el empaquetamiento de aplicaciones es un tema amplio, que puede parecer más complejo de lo que realmente es, los siguientes enlaces proporcionan un punto de arranque para aprender sobre empaquetamiento en Kubuntu: + +Los manuales de Debian son un buen sitio para iniciarse antes de ir a la guía de empaquetamiento de Ubuntu (y Kubuntu). + + + + - El manual de las políticas de Debian + + + - La referencia de los desarrolladores de Debian + + + - La nueva guía de colaboradores de Debian + + + - La guía de empaquetado de Ubuntu + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/et/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/et/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/et/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/et/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,822 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Arendustööriistad +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief introduction to the various types of development +available in Kubuntu. It covers topics such as languages, packaging and tools. + + + + + +Sissejuhatus +Linuxi maailmas tähendab termin "arendamine" mitut erinevat asja. Selles dokumentatsiooni artiklis tähendab termin "arendamine" rakenduste arendamist, mis sisaldab keele ja graafilise kasutajaliidese tööriistakomplekte, lühikest ülevaadet veebi arendamiseks saadaval olevatest rakendustest ning Kubuntu rakenduspakettidest. + + + + +Rakenduse arendus + + +C++ +C++ programmide kompileerimine nõuab lisapakette, mida pole vaikimisi paigaldatud. + + + +Paigalda pakett build-essential + + + +C++ arendajatele on saadaval mitmeid tööriistu. Inimesed, kes on huvitatud graafiliste rakenduste arendamisest, leiavad graafilised tööriistad või platvormid, mis teevad arendamise rohkem käepärasemaks. Kaks kõige populaarsemat platvormi Ubuntus ja Kubuntus on GTK/GNOME ja Qt/KDE, millel mõlemal on enda tööriistad ja dokumentatsioon. +Järgnev on nimekiri tööriistadest Kubuntus, mida saab C++ rakenduste arenduseks kasutada: +Tööriistad +KDevelop + +Lihtsalt kasutatav integreeritud arendamiskeskkond (IDE) KDE jaoks. See toetab väga paljusid programmeerimiskeeli ning võimalusi projektijuhtimiseks. Samuti sisaldab see laiendatud redaktorit, klasside lehtisemist ning integreeritud silurit. + + + +paigalda pakett kdevelop + + + + + +Qt Creator + +Uus lihtne mitmele platvormile integreeritud arenduskeskkond (IDE) on disainitud Qt rakenduse raamistiku arendamiseks kiirelt ja lihtsalt. + + + +paigalda pakett qtcreator + + + + + +Eclipse + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +paigalda pakett eclipse + + + + + +Tekstiredaktorid + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a list of tutorials regarding C++ development (search the +Internet for more tutorials): + +Õpetused + + - YoLinux.com C++ Tarkvaraarenduse õpetused + + + + - +HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource +Network + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +Python + +Just about everything needed to get started developing a Python application is +available in Kubuntu. + + +The following available tools in Kubuntu are helpful for developing Python +applications: + +Tööriistad +Eric + + +A full-featured Python IDE written in PyQt using the QScintilla editor widget. + + + + +paigalda pakett eric + + + + + +Jõude + + +An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is written using Tkinter, +so it is highly platform-independent. + + + + +paigalda pakett jõude + + + + + +Tekstiredaktorid + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a small list of tutorials regarding Python development (search +the Internet for more tutorials): + +Õpetused + + + - Dive Into Python +(install the diveintopython package) + + + + + - Python Learning +Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + + +Graafilise kasutajaliidese tööriistakomplektid + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Tööriistad +Qt Creator + +Ülalmainitud + + + +paigalda pakett qtcreator + + + + + +Qt Designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +paigalda pakett libqt4-designer + + + + + +Qt Assistant + + +An application which provides online help for everything Qt. + + + + +paigalda pakett libqt4-assistant + + + + + +Qt arendustööriistad + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +paigalda pakett qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +Veebiarendus + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + + +The following is a small set of tools that are available for the Kubuntu +system: + +Tööriistad +Quanta Plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +paigalda pakett quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +paigalda pakett kompozer + + + + + +Tekstiredaktorid + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Kubuntu pakkimine + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + + +Since packaging applications is a broad topic that can seem more complex than +it actually is, the following links provide a starting point for +Kubuntu packaging: + + + +The Debian manuals are a good place to start before moving on to the Ubuntu (and +Kubuntu) Packaging Guide. + + + + + - Debiani poliitikajuhend + + + + - The Debian +Developer's Reference + + + + + - The Debian New +Maintainer's Guide + + + + - Ubuntu pakkimisjuhend + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/fr/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/fr/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/fr/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/fr/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,833 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Outils de développement +&legalnotice; + +Ce document offre une brève introduction au différents types de développement disponible dans Kubuntu. Il comprend des sections telles que les langages de programmation, les paquets et les outils. + + + + +Introduction + +In the Linux world, the term "development" means several different things. In +this documentation article, the term "development" covers topics such as +application development including languages and graphical user interface +toolkits, a brief overview of the applications available for web development, +and a brief overview of packaging applications for Kubuntu. + + + + + +Développement d'applications + + +C++ +La compilation de programmes en C++ nécessite des paquets qui ne sont pas installés par défaut. + + + +Installer le paquet build-essential + + + + +There are many tools available for C++ developers. People interested in +developing graphical applications will find that graphical toolkits or platforms +make development more convenient. The two most popular development platforms for +Ubuntu and Kubuntu are GTK/GNOME and +Qt/KDE, each of which has its own set of tools and documentation. + +Ce qui suit est la liste des outils disponibles dans Kubuntu qui peuvent être utilisés pour développer des applications en C++ : +Outils +KDevelop + + +An easy-to-use integrated development environment (IDE) +for KDE. It supports a wide range of programming languages and features project +management, an advanced editor, a class browser and an integrated debugger. + + + + +installer le paquet kdevelop + + + + + +Qt Creator + + +A new, lightweight, cross-platform integrated development environment +(IDE) designed to make development with the Qt application +framework fast and easy. + + + + +installer le paquet qtcreator + + + + + +Eclipse + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +installer le paquet eclipse + + + + + +Editeurs de texte + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + +Ce qui suit est une liste de guides sur le développement en C++ (chercher sur internet si vous souhaitez obtenir des guides complémentaires): +Guides + + + - +YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + + + - +HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + + - cplusplus.com, Le Réseau de ressources C++ + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +Python + +Just about everything needed to get started developing a Python application is +available in Kubuntu. + + +The following available tools in Kubuntu are helpful for developing Python +applications: + +Outils +Eric + + +A full-featured Python IDE written in PyQt using the QScintilla editor widget. + + + + +installer le paquet eric + + + + + +Idle + + +An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is written using Tkinter, +so it is highly platform-independent. + + + + +installer le paquet idle + + + + + +Editeurs de texte + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a small list of tutorials regarding Python development (search +the Internet for more tutorials): + +Guides + + + - Dive Into Python +(install the diveintopython package) + + + + + - Python Learning +Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + + +Graphical User Interface Toolkits + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Outils +Qt Creator + + +Mentioned above. + + + + +installer le paquet qtcreator + + + + + +Qt Designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +installer le paquet libqt4-designer + + + + + +Qt Assistant + +Une application fournissant une aide en ligne pour tout Qt + + + +installer le paquet libqt4-assistant + + + + + +Qt Developer Tools + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +installer le paquet qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +Développement Web + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + + +The following is a small set of tools that are available for the Kubuntu +system: + +Outils +Quanta Plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +installer le paquet quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +installer le paquet kompozer + + + + + +Editeurs de texte + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Kubuntu Packaging + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + + +Since packaging applications is a broad topic that can seem more complex than +it actually is, the following links provide a starting point for +Kubuntu packaging: + + + +The Debian manuals are a good place to start before moving on to the Ubuntu (and +Kubuntu) Packaging Guide. + + + + + + - The Debian +Policy Manual + + + + - La référence des developpeurs Debian + + + - Le guide des nouveaux mainteneurs Debian + + + - Le Guide de Création de Paquets d'Ubuntu + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/it/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/it/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/it/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/it/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,686 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Strumenti di sviluppo +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento fornisce una breve introduzione ai vari tipi di sviluppo disponibili in Kubuntu. Gli argomenti trattati sono i linguaggi, l'impacchettamento e gli strumenti. + + + + +Introduzione +Nel mondo Linux, il termine «sviluppo» significa svariate cose. In questo capitolo della documentazione, il termine «sviluppo» tratterà vari argomenti, tra cui lo sviluppo di applicazioni, incluso i linguaggi e strumenti per l'utente a interfaccia grafica, una breve panoramica delle applicazioni disponibili per lo sviluppo web e per l'impacchettamento delle applicazioni per Kubuntu. + + + + +Sviluppo di applicazioni + + +C++ +La compilazione di programmi C++ richiede pacchetti aggiuntivi non sono installati in modo predefinito. + + + +Installate il pacchetto build-essential + + + +Esistono molti strumenti disponibili per gli sviluppatori C++. Le persone interessate allo sviluppo di applicazioni grafiche si accorgeranno che gli strumenti e le piattaforme grafiche rendono lo sviluppo più vantaggioso. Le due piattaforme di sviluppo più popolari per Ubuntu e Kubuntu sono GTK/GNOME e Qt/KDE, ciascuna delle quali possiede il suo proprio set di strumenti e documentazione. +Ecco di seguito un elenco degli strumenti disponibili in Kubuntu utilizzabili per lo sviluppo di applicazioni in C++: +Strumenti +KDevelop + +Ambiente di sviluppo integrato (IDE) per KDE facile da usare. Supporta linguaggi di programmazione, funzionalità di gestione del progetto, un editor avanzato, un browser per le classi e un debugger integrato. + + + +installate il pacchetto kdevelop + + + + + +Qt Creator + +Ambiente di sviluppo integrato (IDE) multipiattaforma, nuovo e leggero, progettato per rendere veloce e semplice lo sviluppo dell'infrastruttura per le applicazioni in Qt. + + + +installate il pacchetto qtcreator + + + + + +Eclipse + +Piattaforma estensibile e aperta per tutto, nulla escluso. Fornisce una base per la costruzione e l'avvio di strumenti integrati di sviluppo software. La piattaforma Eclipse permette ai progettisti di sviluppare indipendentemente strumenti che si integrano con altri così strettamente che è difficile stabilire dove uno finisce e l'altro inizia. + + + +installate il pacchetto eclipse + + + + + +Editor di testo + +Gli editor di testo nel mondo Linux sono tanti, tra cui: Emacs, Vim, Kate e altri ancora. Gli sviluppatori di software più esperti utilizzano un editor di testo al posto di ambiente di sviluppo integrato, poiché credono che questo non li aiuti nel loro percorso di programmazione. + + + +Si presenta di seguito un elenco di esercitazioni relativo allo sviluppo in C++ (fate una ricerca su Internet per trovarne altre): +Esercitazioni + + - YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + - HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource Network + + + - ShowMeDo, impara con la comunità open source (uno strabiliante set di esercitazioni praticamente per tutto!) + + + + +Python +Tutto quello che ti serve per iniziare a sviluppare un'applicazione Python è disponibile in Kubuntu. +In Kubuntu sono disponibili i seguenti strumenti utili per lo sviluppo di applicazioni Python: +Strumenti +Eric + +Un ambiente di sviluppo integrato Python completo scritto in PyQt tramite l'editor QScintilla. + + + +installate il pacchetto eric + + + + + +Idle + +Ambiente di sviluppo integrato per Python. IDLE è scritto con Tkinter, risultando così altamente multi-piattaforma. + + + +installate il pacchetto idle + + + + + +Editor di testo + +Gli editor di testo nel mondo Linux sono tanti, tra cui: Emacs, Vim, Kate e altri ancora. Gli sviluppatori di software più esperti utilizzano un editor di testo al posto di ambiente di sviluppo integrato, poiché credono che questo non li aiuti nel loro percorso di programmazione. + + + +Il seguente breve elenco riguarda esercitazioni sullo sviluppo Python (cercare su Internet altre esercitazioni): +Esercitazioni + + - Dive Into Python (installate il diveintopython packetto) + + + - Esercitazioni Python della Python Learning Foundation + + + - ShowMeDo, impara con la comunità open source (uno strabiliante set di esercitazioni praticamente per tutto!) + + + + + +Toolkit a interfaccia grafica +Un toolkit a interfaccia grafica (GUI) è un insieme di oggetti utilizzati per la creazione di applicazioni che usa un'interfaccia utente grafica. Il mondo Linux include toolkit di rilievo: + + +Qt - pronunciato cute, è un'infrastruttura di sviluppo per applicazioni multi-piattaforma, utilizzata principalmente per lo sviluppo di applicazioni a interfaccia grafica (GUI). Viene prodotta dalla Nokia ed è una delle basi dello sviluppo di KDE. + + +GTK - il GIMP Toolkit è uno strumento molto completo e maneggevole usato per creare interfacce grafiche che puntano alla compatibilità tra le piattaforme. È una delle basi dello sviluppo di GNOME. + + +Entrambi i toolkit includono associazioni a linguaggi come C/C++, Python, Ruby, C# e altri ancora. + +Qt +In base al sito web di Qt, Qt è tutto quello che serve per la creazione di desktop integrati con le applicazioni web, mobili e integrate. Il suo motto è Code less. Create more. Deploy everywhere. (Meno codice. Più creazione. Presenti ovunque). Uno degli aspetti rilevanti di Qt è il fatto che viene usato come base per lo sviluppo delle applicazioni KDE. +Qt è in larga parte una libreria di classi C++, sebbene vi siano anche associazioni per Java e Python. Librerie a parte, Qt possiede anche un set completo di strumenti per lo sviluppo di Qt, un sorprendente set di documentazione API e molte esercitazioni ed esempi. +Strumenti +Qt Creator + +Menzionato sopra. + + + +installate il pacchetto qtcreator + + + + + +Qt Designer + +Applicazione che fornisce le classi che consentono la creazione di estensioni personalizzate per Qt Designer, e classi che abilitano l'accesso ai componenti di Qt Designer. + + + +installate il pacchetto libqt4-designer + + + + + +Qt Assistant + +Applicazione che fornisce la guida in linea per qualsiasi Qt. + + + +installate il pacchetto libqt4-assistant + + + + + +Qt Developer Tools + +Strumenti utilizzati per il supporto nello sviluppo Qt 4, incluse le applicazioni Qt Assistant, Linguist, D-Bus Viewer e Pixel Tool. + + + +installate il pacchetto qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +Sviluppo web +Lo sviluppo web include molti linguaggi di markup e di scripting di cui non sarebbe possibile dare una, seppur breve, panoramica. La maggior parte delle persone che lavorano sullo sviluppo web si concentrano sui linguaggi di markup tipo HTML, XML e altri, così come su linguaggi di scripting tipo JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python e altri ancora. +Di seguito presentiamo un piccolo set di strumenti disponibili per il sistema Kubuntu: +Strumenti +Quanta Plus + +Un ambiente di sviluppo web per lavorare con l'HTML e i linguaggi ad esso associati. Si sforza di essere neutrale e trasparente a tutti i linguaggi di markup, e supporta i linguaggi di scripting più popolari basati sul web, CSS e gli altri consigli W3C emergenti. + + + +installate il pacchetto quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + +Sistema di creazione web completo che combina un gestore di file web e un editor di pagine web WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get, 'Ciò che vedi è ciò che ottieni') facile da usare. + + + +installate il pacchetto kompozer + + + + + +Editor di testo + +Gli editor di testo nel mondo Linux sono tanti, tra cui: Emacs, Vim, Kate e altri ancora. Gli sviluppatori di software più esperti utilizzano un editor di testo al posto di ambiente di sviluppo integrato, poiché credono che questo non li aiuti nel loro percorso di programmazione. + + + + + + + +Creazione di pacchetti Kubuntu +Nelle vecchie versioni di Linux, l'installazione delle applicazioni significava, per gli utenti, dover maneggiare con comandi tipo configure, make, e make install utilizzando i pacchetti software sorgente. Debian (su cui Kubuntu poggia in modo significativo) ha reso facile agli utenti l'installazione di applicazioni, senza dover trafficare con dipendenze, configurazioni da riga di comando, speciali sequenze di comandi, lunghe attese e altre seccature. +Poiché le applicazioni per la creazione di pacchetti è un argomento che può sembrare più complesso di quello che in realtà è, i seguenti collegamenti forniscono un punto di partenza per la creazione di pacchetti di Kubuntu: + +I manuali Debian sono un buon punto di partenza prima di passare alla Guida alla creazione di pacchetti di Ubuntu (e Kubuntu). + + + + - The Debian Policy Manual + + + - The Debian Developer's Reference + + + - The Debian New Maintainer's Guide + + + - The Ubuntu Packaging Guide + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/km/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/km/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/km/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/km/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,686 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +កម្មវិធី​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍ +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​សង្ខេប​អំពី​ប្រភេទ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​នៃ​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ដែល​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ វា​គ្រប​​ដណ្តប់​នូវ​ប្រធាន​បទ​នានា​ ដូច​ជា​ភាសា ការខ្ចប់ និង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ +នៅ​ក្នុង​ពិភព​លីនុច ពាក្យ​ថា​ "អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​" មាន​ន័យ​ថា​ជា​រឿង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា​បី​បួន​យ៉ាង ។ នៅ​ក្នុង​អត្ថបទរបស់​​ឯកសារពាក្យ​ថា​ "អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​" គ្រប់​ដណ្តប់​នូវ​ប្រធាន​បទ​ទាំង​ឡាយ​ដូច​ជា​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ ដែល​រួម​មាន​ភាសា និងប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​ ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក្រាហ្វិក ទិដ្ឋភាព​​ទូទៅ​ខ្លីៗ​នៃ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​អាច​មាន​សម្រាប់​ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍​បណ្តាញ និង​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​នៃកម្មវិធី​ខ្ចប់​សម្រាប់​គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + + +ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី + + +C++ +ការចងក្រង​កម្មវិធី C++ ទាម​ទារ​នូវ​កញ្ចប់​បន្ថែម​ ដែល​មិន​ទាន់​បាន​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ បង្កើត​-ពិសេស + + + +មាន​ឧបករណ៍​ជាច្រើន​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​​ C++ ។ អ្នក​​ដែល​ចាប់​អារម្មណ៍​នឹង​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​​យល់​ថា​ប្រអប់ឧបករណ៍​​ក្រាហ្វិក ឬ​វេទិកា​ធ្វើឲ្យ​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​កាន់​តែ​ងាយ​ស្រួល ។ វេទិកា​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​ពីរ​សម្រាប់​ អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ និង​គូប៊ុនទូ គឺ​ GTK/GNOME និង​ Qt/KDE វេទិកា​នីមួយ​ៗ​មាន​សំណុំ​ឧបករណ៍ និង​ឯកសារ​ផ្ទាល់​របស់វា ។ +ខាង​ក្រោម​គឺ​ជា​បញ្ជី​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ដែល​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ សម្រាប់​អភិវឌ្ឍ​កម្មវិធី C++ ៖ +កម្មវិធី +KDevelop + +បរិស្ថាន​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ដែល​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​មាន​ភាព​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ប្រើ​ (IDE) សម្រាប់​ KDE ។ វា​គាំ​ទ្រ​​ភាសា​សរសេរ​កម្មវិធីជា​ច្រើន និង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​លក្ខណពិសេសនៃ​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​គម្រោង​ ដូច​ជា​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​ថ្នាក់ និង​កម្មវិធី​បំបាត់​កំហុស​ដែល​បាន​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ kdevelop + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​បង្កើត Qt + +បរិស្ថាន​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ដែល​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​ឆ្លង​វេទិកា​ដ៏​តូច​ថ្មី​មួយ(IDE) ត្រូវ​បាន​រចនា​ឡើង​ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍ជា​មួយ​គ្រោង​កម្មវិធី​ Qt ឲ្យ​មាន​រហ័ស និង​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ប្រើ ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ qtcreator + + + + + +ពង​ក្រពើ + +វេទិកា​ចំហ និង​អាច​ពង្រីក​បាន​សម្រាប់​អ្វី​ៗ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ប៉ុន្តែ​មិន​ទាន់​បាន​ពង្រីក​នៅ​ឡើយ ។ វា​ផ្តល់​នូវ​មូលដ្ឋាន​សម្រាប់​ការ​បង្កើត និង​ដំណើរ​ការ​ការ​​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​បាន​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា ។ វេទិកា​ពង​ក្រពើអនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យកម្មវិធី​​បង្កើត​​​អភិវឌ្ឍនូវ​​កម្មវិធី​​ដោយ​ឯករាជ្យ ដែល​នឹង​រួម​បញ្ចូល​ជាមួយ​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ ដែល​នឹង​ពិបាក​ប្រាប់​ថា​ខាង​ណា​ជា​ផ្នែក​បញ្ចប់ និង​ខាង​ណា​ជា​ផ្នែក​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​របស់​កម្មវិធីណាស់​ ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ ពង​ក្រពើ + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ + +កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ពិភព​លីនុច​គឺសម្បូរ​បែប​ណាស់​ ដូច​ជា ៖ Emacs, Vim, Kate និង​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត ។ អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ជាន់ខ្ពស់​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ​ជំនួស​ឲ្យ​បរិស្ថាន​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ដែល​​​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​ ដោយ​សារ​ពួក​គេ​គិត​ថា​វា​នឹង​មិន​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​ភាព​រំខានដល់​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​របស់​ពួក​គេ ។ + + + +ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​ជា​បញ្ជី​នៃ​ការ​បង្រៀន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ C++ (ស្វែង​រក​ការ​បង្រៀន​បន្ថែម​ទៀត​តាម​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​) ៖ +ការបង្រៀន + + - YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + - HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource Network + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + +Python +ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​អ្វី​គ្រប់​យ៉ាង​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ការ​ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើមការ​​​អភិវឌ្ឍ​ន៍​កម្មវិធី​ Python ​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ +កម្មវិធី​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោមដែល​​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ជា​ជំនួយ​ដ៏​មាន​សារៈ​ប្រយោជន៍​សម្រាប់​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី Python ៖ +កម្មវិធី +Eric + +Python IDE ដែល​មាន​លក្ខណពិសេស​ពេញ​លេញ​ត្រូវ​បាន​សរសេរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ PyQt ដោយ​ប្រើ​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​ QScintilla ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ eric + + + + + +ទំនេរ + +បរិស្ថាន​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ដែល​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​សម្រាប់​ Python ។ IDLE ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​សរសេរ​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ Tkinter ដូច្នេះ​វា​ជា​វេទិកា​ឯករាជ្យ​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ ទំនេរ + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ + +កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ពិភព​លីនុច​គឺសម្បូរ​បែប​ណាស់​ ដូច​ជា ៖ Emacs, Vim, Kate និង​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត ។ អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ជាន់ខ្ពស់​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ​ជំនួស​ឲ្យ​បរិស្ថាន​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ដែល​​​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​ ដោយ​សារ​ពួក​គេ​គិត​ថា​វា​នឹង​មិន​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​ភាព​រំខានដល់​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​របស់​ពួក​គេ ។ + + + +ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​ជា​បញ្ជីនៃ​ការ​បង្រៀន​ដ៏​តូច​មួយ​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ Python (ស្វែង​រក​ការ​បង្រៀន​បន្ថែម​តាម​រយៈ​អ៊ីនធឺណិត) ៖ +ការបង្រៀន + + - ចូល​ទៅកាន់ Python (ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ diveintopython ) + + + - Python Learning Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក្រាហ្វិក +ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក្រាហ្វិក​គឺ​ជា​សំណុំ​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ដែល​ប្រើ​នៅក្នុង​ការ​បង្កើត​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ប្រើ​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ ។ ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​ដែល​អាច​ចំណាំ​បាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ពិភព​របស់​លីនុច​រួម​មាន ៖ + + +Qt - បញ្ចេញ​សម្លេង​ថា​ cute គឺ​ជា​គ្រោង​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ឆ្លង​វេទិកា​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ជា​ចម្បង​សម្រាប់​ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ GUI ។ វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្កើត​ឡើង​ដោយ​ក្រុម​ហ៊ុន​ Nokia និង​មូលដ្ឋាន​នៃ​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ KDE ។ + + +GTK - ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​ GIMP ជា​ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​សម្បូរ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ សម្រាប់​ការ​បង្កើតចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ ដែលបង្កើន​ភាព​ឆប​គ្នា​​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ឆ្លង​វេទិកា ។ វា​ជា​មូលដ្ឋាន​មួយ​នៃ​ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ GNOME ។ + + +ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​ទាំង​នេះ​រួម​បញ្ចូល​ដោយ​ភ្ជាប់​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ភាសា​ដូច​ជា​ C/C++, Python, Ruby, C# និង​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត ។ + +Qt +យោង​តាម​ តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ Qt Qt គឺ​ជា​អ្វី​គ្រប់​យ៉ាង​ដែល​គេ​ត្រូវ​ការ​ ដើម្បីបង្កើត​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ដែល​បើក​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​បាន​ ទូរស័ព្ទដៃ និង​កម្មវិធី​បង្កប់​ និង​មានបាវចនា​​ មាន​កូដ​តិច​តួច ។ បង្កើត​បាន​ច្រើន ។ មាន​គ្រប់​ទី​កន្លែង ។ ទិដ្ឋភាព​គួរ​ឲ្យ​កត់​​សម្គាល់​មួយ​ទៀត​របស់​ Qt គឺ​ថា​វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ប្រើ​ជា​មូលដ្ឋាន​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ KDE ។ +Qt ភាគ​ច្រើន​ជា​បណ្ណា​ល័យ​ថ្នាក់​ C++ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា​ ក៏មាន​ការ​ចង​ភ្ជាប់​សម្ព័ន្ធ​សម្រាប់​ Java និង​ Python ដែរ ។ ក្រៅ​ពី​បណ្ណាល័យ​នេះ Qt ក៏​មាន​សំណុំ​កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​មូល​សម្រាប់​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ Qt ផង​ដែរ ដែល​ជា​សំណុំ​ឯកសារ​ API ដ៏​អស្ចារ ព្រម​ទាំង​មាន​ការ​បង្រៀន​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត ។ +កម្មវិធី +កម្មវិធី​បង្កើត Qt + +ដូច​បាន​រៀប​រាប់​នៅ​ខាង​លើ​ ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ qtcreator + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​រចនា Qt + +កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ថ្នាក់​ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​សម្រាប់​ការ​បង្កើត​កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​រចនា​ Qt និង​ថ្នាក់​ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទៅ​កាន់​សមាសភាគ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​រចនា​ Qt ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ libqt4-designer + + + + + +អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​ Qt + +កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ផ្តល់​ជំនួយ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​សម្រាប់​ Qt ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ libqt4-assistant + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​របស់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍ Qt + +កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ប្រើ​ជា​ជំនួយ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ Qt 4 រួម​មាន​អ្នក​ជំនួយ​ការ​ Qt Linguist កម្មវិធី​មើល​ D-Bus និង​កម្មវិធី​ភីកសែល ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍​បណ្តាញ +ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍​បណ្តាញ​រួម​មាន​ភាសា markup និង​ភាសា​ស្គ្រីប​ដែល​នឹង​មិន​អាច​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​សង្ខេប​បាន​ទេ ។ មនុស្ស​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ដែល​ធ្វើ​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​បណ្តាញ​ផ្តោត​ទៅ​លើ​ភាសា​ markup ដូច​ជា HTML XML និង​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត​ ព្រម​ទាំង​​ភាសា​ស្គ្រីប​ដូច​ជា​ JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python និង​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត ។ +ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​ជា​សំណុំ​កម្មវិធី​តូច​មួយ​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​សម្រាប់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ៖ +កម្មវិធី +Quanta Plus + +បរិស្ថាន​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​បណ្តាញ​សម្រាប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​ជា​មួយ​ HTML និង​ភាសា​ដែល​ជាប់​ទាក់​ទង ។ វា​ព្យាយាម​ឲ្យ​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ដែល​ប្រើ​បាន​ទូទៅ​សម្រាប់​ភាសា​ markup ទាំង​អស់ ខណៈ​ដែល​មាន​ការគាំទ្រ​ភាសា​ស្គ្រីប​ដែល​ផ្អែក​លើ​មូលដ្ឋាន​បណ្តាញ​ដ៍​ពេញ​និយម CSS និង​ការ​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​ឲ្យ​ប្រើ​ W3C ដែល​បាន​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​អនុញ្ញាត​បណ្តាញ​ទាំង​មូល​ដែល​ផ្សំ​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ​បណ្តាញ និង​ការកែ​សម្រួល​ទំព័រ​បណ្តាញ​ WYSIWYG ដែល​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ប្រើ (អ្វី​ដែល​អ្នក​ឃើញ​ គឺ​ជា​អ្វី​ដែល​អ្នក​នឹង​ទទួល​បាន​) ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ kompozer + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ + +កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ពិភព​លីនុច​គឺសម្បូរ​បែប​ណាស់​ ដូច​ជា ៖ Emacs, Vim, Kate និង​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត ។ អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​កម្មវិធី​ជាន់ខ្ពស់​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​និពន្ធ​អត្ថបទ​ជំនួស​ឲ្យ​បរិស្ថាន​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ដែល​​​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​ ដោយ​សារ​ពួក​គេ​គិត​ថា​វា​នឹង​មិន​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​ភាព​រំខានដល់​ការ​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​របស់​ពួក​គេ ។ + + + + + + + +ការវេច​ខ្ចប់​ Kubuntu +នៅ​ក្នុង​លីនុចពី​មុន​​ នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី អ្នក​ប្រើ​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដូច​ជា​ configure, make និង​ make install ដោយ​ប្រើ​កញ្ចប់​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព ។ Debian (ដែល​គូប៊ុន​ទូ​ពឹង​ផ្អែក​ទាំង​ស្រុង​) បាន​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​វា​កាន់​តែ​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ប្រើ​ សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក្នុង​ការ​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ ដោយ​មិន​ចាំបាច់​ខ្វល់​អំពី​ភាព​អាស្រ័យ ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា លំដាប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ពិសេស រយៈ​ពេល​រង់​ចាំ និង​កំហុស​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ +ដោយ​សារ​តែ​កម្មវិធី​វេច​ខ្ចប់​ជា​ប្រធាន​បទ​ដែល​ទូលំទូលាយ​នោះ​ វា​ហាក់​ដូច​ជា​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ស្មុគ្រស្មាញ​ជាងភាព​ជាក់​ស្តែង​ តំណ​​ខាង​ក្រោមផ្តល់​នូវ​ចំណុច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​សម្រាប់​ការវេច​ខ្ចប់​គូប៊ុនទូ ៖ + +សៀវភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ Debian ជា​ទីកន្លែង​ដ៏​ប្រសើរ​សម្រាប់​ចាប់​ផ្តើម មុន​នឹង​ផ្លាស់​ទី​បន្ត​ទៅកាន់មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​វេចខ្ចប់​​​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ (និងគូប៊ុន​ទូ) ។ + + + + - សៀវ​ភៅដៃ​អំពី​គោលការណ៍​របស់​ Debian + + + - សេចក្តី​យោង​របស់​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​ Debian + + + - មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​របស់​អ្នក​តំហែទាំ​ថ្មី​របស់​ Debian + + + - មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​វេច​ខ្ចប់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/oc/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/oc/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/oc/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/oc/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,863 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Espleches de desvolopament +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief introduction to the various types of development +available in Kubuntu. It covers topics such as languages, packaging and tools. + + + + + +Introduccion + +In the Linux world, the term "development" means several different things. In +this documentation article, the term "development" covers topics such as +application development including languages and graphical user interface +toolkits, a brief overview of the applications available for web development, +and a brief overview of packaging applications for Kubuntu. + + + + + +Application Development + + +C++ + +Compiling C++ programs requires extra packages that are not installed by +default. + + + + +Install the build-essential package + + + + +There are many tools available for C++ developers. People interested in +developing graphical applications will find that graphical toolkits or platforms +make development more convenient. The two most popular development platforms for +Ubuntu and Kubuntu are GTK/GNOME and +Qt/KDE, each of which has its own set of tools and documentation. + + +The following is a list of the tools available in Kubuntu that can be +used to develop C++ applications: + +Espleches +KDevelop + + +An easy-to-use integrated development environment (IDE) +for KDE. It supports a wide range of programming languages and features project +management, an advanced editor, a class browser and an integrated debugger. + + + + +install the +kdevelop package + + + + + +Qt Creator + + +A new, lightweight, cross-platform integrated development environment +(IDE) designed to make development with the Qt application +framework fast and easy. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Eclipsi + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +install the eclipse +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a list of tutorials regarding C++ development (search the +Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - +YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + + + - +HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource +Network + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +Python + +Just about everything needed to get started developing a Python application is +available in Kubuntu. + + +The following available tools in Kubuntu are helpful for developing Python +applications: + +Espleches +Eric + + +A full-featured Python IDE written in PyQt using the QScintilla editor widget. + + + + +install the eric +package + + + + + +Inactiu + + +An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is written using Tkinter, +so it is highly platform-independent. + + + + +install the inactiu +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a small list of tutorials regarding Python development (search +the Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - Dive Into Python +(install the diveintopython package) + + + + + - Python Learning +Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + + +Graphical User Interface Toolkits + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Espleches +Qt Creator + + +Mentioned above. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Qt Designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +install the libqt4-designer package + + + + + +Assistent Qt + + +An application which provides online help for everything Qt. + + + + +install the libqt4-assistant package + + + + + +Qt Developer Tools + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +install the qt4-dev-tools package + + + + + + + + + + + + +Desvolopament web + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + + +The following is a small set of tools that are available for the Kubuntu +system: + +Espleches +Quanta Plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +install the quanta package + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +install the kompozer package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Kubuntu Packaging + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + + +Since packaging applications is a broad topic that can seem more complex than +it actually is, the following links provide a starting point for +Kubuntu packaging: + + + +The Debian manuals are a good place to start before moving on to the Ubuntu (and +Kubuntu) Packaging Guide. + + + + + + - The Debian +Policy Manual + + + + + - The Debian +Developer's Reference + + + + + - The Debian New +Maintainer's Guide + + + + + - The Ubuntu Packaging +Guide + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/pt_BR/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/pt_BR/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/pt_BR/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/pt_BR/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,686 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Ferramentas de desenvolvimento +&legalnotice; + +Este documento fornece uma breve introdução aos diversos tipos de desenvolvimento disponível no Kubuntu. Abrange temas como línguas, embalagem e ferramentas. + + + + +Introdução +No mundo Linux, o termo "desenvolvimento" significa várias coisas diferentes. Neste artigo da documentação o termo "desenvolvimento" abrange temas como o desenvolvimento de aplicações, incluindo idiomas e ferramentas de interface gráfica do usuário, um breve panorama das aplicações disponíveis para o desenvolvimento web, e um breve resumo de aplicações em embalagens para o Kubuntu. + + + + +Desenvolvimento de Aplicativos + + +C++ +Compilando programas em C + + requer pacotes extras que não são instalados por padrão. + + + +Instalar o pacote build-essential + + + +Existem muitas ferramentas disponíveis para programadores C++. As pessoas interessadas em desenvolver aplicações gráficas vão encontrar kits de ferramentas gráficas ou plataformas que tornarão o desenvolvimento mais conveniente. As duas mais populares plataformas de desenvolvimento para Ubuntu e Kubuntu são GTK/GNOME e Qt/KDE, cada qual tem seu próprio conjunto de ferramentas e documentação. +A seguir está uma lista das ferramentas disponíveis no Kubuntu que podem ser usados para desenvolver aplicações C++: +Ferramentas +KDevelop + +Uma maneira fácil de usar ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado (IDE) para o KDE. Ele suporta uma ampla gama de linguagens de programação e recursos de gerenciamento de projeto, um editor avançado, um navegador de classes e um debugger integrado. + + + +Instalar o pacote kdevelop + + + + + +Criador Qt + +Um novo e leve, ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado multi-plataforma (IDE) projetado para tornar o desenvolvimento com o framework Qt rápido e fácil. + + + +Instalar o pacote qtcreator + + + + + +Eclipse + +Uma plataforma aberta e extensível para tudo, mas sem exclusividades. Ele provê uma fundação para construir e executar ferramentas de desenvolvimento de software integradas. A Plataforma Eclipse permite a criadores de ferramentas desenvolvê-las independentemente e integrar com outras ferramentas de forma tão suave que é difícil dizer onde uma ferramenta termina e outra começa. + + + +Instalar o pacote eclipse + + + + + +Editores de texto + +Editores de texto no mundo Linux são abundantes, incluindo: Emacs, Vim, Kate, entre outros. A maioria dos desenvolvedores de software mais experientes usam um editor de texto em vez de um ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado, pois acreditam que estes não fazem as coisas do jeito deles. + + + +A seguir está uma lista de tutoriais sobre desenvolvimento em C++ (pesquise na Internet para mais tutoriais): +Tutoriais + + - YoLinux.com, Tutoriais de Desenvolvimento de Softwares em C++ + + + - HowtoForge, Guia do Iniciante em C++ + + + - cplusplus.com, O C++ Resource Network + + + - ShowMeDo, aprenda com a comunidade open source (um grande número de tutoriais para quase tudo!) + + + + +Python +Somente o necessário para começar a desenvolver um aplicativo em Python está disponível em Kubuntu. +As seguintes ferramentes disponíveis no Kubuntu são úteis para desenvolver aplicações Python. +Ferramentas +Eric + +Uma completa IDE para Python escrita em PyQt que usa o editor de widget QScintilla. + + + +Instalar o pacote eric + + + + + +Ocioso + +Um Ambiente de Desenvolvimento Integrado para Python. IDLE está escrito usando o Tkinter, por isso é altamente independente de plataforma. + + + +Instalar o pacote ocioso + + + + + +Editores de texto + +Editores de texto no mundo Linux são abundantes, incluindo: Emacs, Vim, Kate, entre outros. A maioria dos desenvolvedores de software mais experientes usam um editor de texto em vez de um ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado, pois acreditam que estes não fazem as coisas do jeito deles. + + + +A seguir está uma pequena lista de tutoriais sobre o desenvolvimento Python (procure na Internet para mais tutoriais): +Tutoriais + + - Aprofunde-se em Python (instale o pacote diveintopython) + + + - Tutoriais de Python da Python Learning Foundation + + + - ShowMeDo, aprenda com a comunidade open source (um grande número de tutoriais para quase tudo!) + + + + + +Caixa de ferramentas de interface Gráfica do Usuário +Uma caixa de ferramentas de interface gráfica de usuário é um conjunto de widgets usados na criação de aplicações que usam uma interface gráfica de usuário. Toolkits famosos no mundo Linux incluem: + + +Qt - pronunciado quíute, é um framework de desenvolvimento de aplicativos multiplataforma usado principalmente para o desenvolvimento de aplicações com GUI. É produzido pela Nokia e é uma das fundações de desenvolvimento do KDE. + + +GTK - A caixa de ferramentas GIMP é uma caixa de ferramentas rica e muito utilizada para criar interfaces gráficas de usuário que se orgulha de sua compatibilidade multiplataforma. É uma das fundações do desenvolvimento do GNOME. + + +Ambas caixas de ferramentas incluem meios de ligação com linguagens como C/C++, Python, Ruby, C#, entre outros. + +Qt +De acordo com o site do Qt, Qt é tudo o que é preciso para criar aplicativos web, desktop, móvel e embarcados, e tem o lema, Codifique menos. Crie mais. Implante em todos os lugares. Um dos notáveis aspectos do Qt é que é usado como base das aplicações KDE. +Qt é uma biblioteca de classes C++, embora existam conexões para Java e Python. Além de bibliotecas, Qt também tem um conjunto completo de ferramentas para desenvolvimento em Qt, um incrível conjunto de documentação de API, bem como muitos tutoriais. +Ferramentas +Criador Qt + +Mencionado acima. + + + +Instalar o pacote qtcreator + + + + + +Designer Qt + +Uma aplicação que provê classes que permitem a criação de plug-ins widgets personalizados para o Qt Designer, e classes que permitem acesso aos componentes do Qt Designer. + + + +Instalar o pacote libqt4-designer + + + + + +Assistente do Qt + +Um aplicação que fornece ajuda online para qualquer coisa sobre o Qt. + + + +Instalar o pacote libqt4-assistant + + + + + +Ferramentas de Desenvolvimento para o Qt + +Ferramentas utilizadas para ajudar no desenvolvimento em Qt 4, incluindo o Assistente Qt, Linguist, Visualizador D-Bus e aplicações Pixel Tool. + + + +Instalar o pacote qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +Desenvolvimento na Internet +Desenvolvimento Web engloba tantas linguagens de marcação e de script que é impossível dar uma breve descrição. A maioria das pessoas que fazem este tipo de desenvolvimento concentram em linguagens de marcação como HTML, XML, entre outros, bem como linguagens de script como JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, entre outros. +A seguir há um pequeno conjunto de ferramentas que estão disponíveis no sistemaKubuntu. +Ferramentas +Quanta Plus + +Um ambiente de desenvolvimento web para trabalhar com HTML e linguagens associadas. Ele se esforça para ser neutro e transparente a todas as linguagens de marcação, além de suportar linguagens de scripts populares na web, CSS e outras recomendações vindas da W3C. + + + +Instalar o pacote quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + +Um completo sistema de autoria web que combina gerenciamento de arquivos web e uma facilidade de uso WYSIWYG (o que você vê é o que você obtém) na edição de páginas. + + + +Instalar o pacote kompozer + + + + + +Editores de texto + +Editores de texto no mundo Linux são abundantes, incluindo: Emacs, Vim, Kate, entre outros. A maioria dos desenvolvedores de software mais experientes usam um editor de texto em vez de um ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado, pois acreditam que estes não fazem as coisas do jeito deles. + + + + + + + +Empacotamento Kubuntu +Nos antigos tempos do Linux, instalar aplicações significava que usuários tinham que utilizar comandos como configure, make e make install usando fontes de software. Debian (do qual Kubuntu depende muito) tornou fácil para usuários instalar aplicações sem ter que complicar com dependências, linhas de comando de configuração, sequências especiais de comandos, longas esperas e outros incômodos. +Uma vez que o empacotamento de aplicações é um tópico amplo que pode parecer mais complexo do que atualmente é, os links a seguir dão um ponto de início para o empacotamento do Kubuntu: + +Os manuais do Debian são um bom lugar para começar antes de ir para o Guia de Empacotamento do Ubuntu (e Kubuntu). + + + + - Manual de Políticas Debian + + + - Referência do Desenvolvedor Debian + + + - Guia do Novo Mantenedor Debian + + + - Guia de Empacotamento Ubuntu + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/ru/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/ru/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/ru/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/ru/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,863 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Средства разработки +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief introduction to the various types of development +available in Kubuntu. It covers topics such as languages, packaging and tools. + + + + + +Introduction + +In the Linux world, the term "development" means several different things. In +this documentation article, the term "development" covers topics such as +application development including languages and graphical user interface +toolkits, a brief overview of the applications available for web development, +and a brief overview of packaging applications for Kubuntu. + + + + + +Application Development + + +C++ + +Compiling C++ programs requires extra packages that are not installed by +default. + + + + +Install the build-essential package + + + + +There are many tools available for C++ developers. People interested in +developing graphical applications will find that graphical toolkits or platforms +make development more convenient. The two most popular development platforms for +Ubuntu and Kubuntu are GTK/GNOME and +Qt/KDE, each of which has its own set of tools and documentation. + + +The following is a list of the tools available in Kubuntu that can be +used to develop C++ applications: + +Tools +KDevelop + + +An easy-to-use integrated development environment (IDE) +for KDE. It supports a wide range of programming languages and features project +management, an advanced editor, a class browser and an integrated debugger. + + + + +install the +kdevelop package + + + + + +Qt Creator + + +A new, lightweight, cross-platform integrated development environment +(IDE) designed to make development with the Qt application +framework fast and easy. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Eclipse + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +install the eclipse +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a list of tutorials regarding C++ development (search the +Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - +YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + + + - +HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource +Network + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +Python + +Just about everything needed to get started developing a Python application is +available in Kubuntu. + + +The following available tools in Kubuntu are helpful for developing Python +applications: + +Tools +Eric + + +A full-featured Python IDE written in PyQt using the QScintilla editor widget. + + + + +install the eric +package + + + + + +Idle + + +An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is written using Tkinter, +so it is highly platform-independent. + + + + +install the idle +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a small list of tutorials regarding Python development (search +the Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - Dive Into Python +(install the diveintopython package) + + + + + - Python Learning +Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + + +Graphical User Interface Toolkits + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Tools +Qt Creator + + +Mentioned above. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Qt Designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +install the libqt4-designer package + + + + + +Qt Assistant + + +An application which provides online help for everything Qt. + + + + +install the libqt4-assistant package + + + + + +Qt Developer Tools + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +install the qt4-dev-tools package + + + + + + + + + + + + +Web Development + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + + +The following is a small set of tools that are available for the Kubuntu +system: + +Tools +Quanta Plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +install the quanta package + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +install the kompozer package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Kubuntu Packaging + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + + +Since packaging applications is a broad topic that can seem more complex than +it actually is, the following links provide a starting point for +Kubuntu packaging: + + + +The Debian manuals are a good place to start before moving on to the Ubuntu (and +Kubuntu) Packaging Guide. + + + + + + - The Debian +Policy Manual + + + + + - The Debian +Developer's Reference + + + + + - The Debian New +Maintainer's Guide + + + + + - The Ubuntu Packaging +Guide + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/sk/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/sk/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/sk/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/sk/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,863 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Development Tools +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief introduction to the various types of development +available in Kubuntu. It covers topics such as languages, packaging and tools. + + + + + +Introduction + +In the Linux world, the term "development" means several different things. In +this documentation article, the term "development" covers topics such as +application development including languages and graphical user interface +toolkits, a brief overview of the applications available for web development, +and a brief overview of packaging applications for Kubuntu. + + + + + +Application Development + + +C++ + +Compiling C++ programs requires extra packages that are not installed by +default. + + + + +Install the build-essential package + + + + +There are many tools available for C++ developers. People interested in +developing graphical applications will find that graphical toolkits or platforms +make development more convenient. The two most popular development platforms for +Ubuntu and Kubuntu are GTK/GNOME and +Qt/KDE, each of which has its own set of tools and documentation. + + +The following is a list of the tools available in Kubuntu that can be +used to develop C++ applications: + +Tools +KDevelop + + +An easy-to-use integrated development environment (IDE) +for KDE. It supports a wide range of programming languages and features project +management, an advanced editor, a class browser and an integrated debugger. + + + + +install the +kdevelop package + + + + + +Qt Creator + + +A new, lightweight, cross-platform integrated development environment +(IDE) designed to make development with the Qt application +framework fast and easy. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Eclipse + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +install the eclipse +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a list of tutorials regarding C++ development (search the +Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - +YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + + + - +HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource +Network + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +Python + +Just about everything needed to get started developing a Python application is +available in Kubuntu. + + +The following available tools in Kubuntu are helpful for developing Python +applications: + +Tools +Eric + + +A full-featured Python IDE written in PyQt using the QScintilla editor widget. + + + + +install the eric +package + + + + + +Idle + + +An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is written using Tkinter, +so it is highly platform-independent. + + + + +install the idle +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a small list of tutorials regarding Python development (search +the Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - Dive Into Python +(install the diveintopython package) + + + + + - Python Learning +Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + + +Graphical User Interface Toolkits + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Tools +Qt Creator + + +Mentioned above. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Qt Designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +install the libqt4-designer package + + + + + +Qt Assistant + + +An application which provides online help for everything Qt. + + + + +install the libqt4-assistant package + + + + + +Qt Developer Tools + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +install the qt4-dev-tools package + + + + + + + + + + + + +Web Development + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + + +The following is a small set of tools that are available for the Kubuntu +system: + +Tools +Quanta Plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +install the quanta package + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +install the kompozer package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Kubuntu Packaging + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + + +Since packaging applications is a broad topic that can seem more complex than +it actually is, the following links provide a starting point for +Kubuntu packaging: + + + +The Debian manuals are a good place to start before moving on to the Ubuntu (and +Kubuntu) Packaging Guide. + + + + + + - The Debian +Policy Manual + + + + + - The Debian +Developer's Reference + + + + + - The Debian New +Maintainer's Guide + + + + + - The Ubuntu Packaging +Guide + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/sr/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/sr/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/sr/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/sr/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,863 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Development Tools +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides a brief introduction to the various types of development +available in Kubuntu. It covers topics such as languages, packaging and tools. + + + + + +Introduction + +In the Linux world, the term "development" means several different things. In +this documentation article, the term "development" covers topics such as +application development including languages and graphical user interface +toolkits, a brief overview of the applications available for web development, +and a brief overview of packaging applications for Kubuntu. + + + + + +Application Development + + +C++ + +Compiling C++ programs requires extra packages that are not installed by +default. + + + + +Install the build-essential package + + + + +There are many tools available for C++ developers. People interested in +developing graphical applications will find that graphical toolkits or platforms +make development more convenient. The two most popular development platforms for +Ubuntu and Kubuntu are GTK/GNOME and +Qt/KDE, each of which has its own set of tools and documentation. + + +The following is a list of the tools available in Kubuntu that can be +used to develop C++ applications: + +Tools +KDevelop + + +An easy-to-use integrated development environment (IDE) +for KDE. It supports a wide range of programming languages and features project +management, an advanced editor, a class browser and an integrated debugger. + + + + +install the +kdevelop package + + + + + +Qt Creator + + +A new, lightweight, cross-platform integrated development environment +(IDE) designed to make development with the Qt application +framework fast and easy. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Eclipse + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +install the eclipse +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a list of tutorials regarding C++ development (search the +Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - +YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + + + - +HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource +Network + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +Python + +Just about everything needed to get started developing a Python application is +available in Kubuntu. + + +The following available tools in Kubuntu are helpful for developing Python +applications: + +Tools +Eric + + +A full-featured Python IDE written in PyQt using the QScintilla editor widget. + + + + +install the eric +package + + + + + +Idle + + +An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is written using Tkinter, +so it is highly platform-independent. + + + + +install the idle +package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a small list of tutorials regarding Python development (search +the Internet for more tutorials): + +Tutorials + + + - Dive Into Python +(install the diveintopython package) + + + + + - Python Learning +Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + + +Graphical User Interface Toolkits + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Tools +Qt Creator + + +Mentioned above. + + + + +install the qtcreator package + + + + + +Qt Designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +install the libqt4-designer package + + + + + +Qt Assistant + + +An application which provides online help for everything Qt. + + + + +install the libqt4-assistant package + + + + + +Qt Developer Tools + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +install the qt4-dev-tools package + + + + + + + + + + + + +Web Development + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + + +The following is a small set of tools that are available for the Kubuntu +system: + +Tools +Quanta Plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +install the quanta package + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +install the kompozer package + + + + + +Text editors + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Kubuntu Packaging + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + + +Since packaging applications is a broad topic that can seem more complex than +it actually is, the following links provide a starting point for +Kubuntu packaging: + + + +The Debian manuals are a good place to start before moving on to the Ubuntu (and +Kubuntu) Packaging Guide. + + + + + + - The Debian +Policy Manual + + + + + - The Debian +Developer's Reference + + + + + - The Debian New +Maintainer's Guide + + + + + - The Ubuntu Packaging +Guide + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/sv/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/sv/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/sv/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/sv/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,831 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Utvecklingsverktyg +&legalnotice; + +Det här dokumentet tillhandahåller en kort introduktion till de olika typer av utveckling som finns tillgänglig i Kubuntu. Det behandlar områden såsom språk, paketering och verktyg. + + + + +Introduktion +I Linuxvärlden så betyder uttrycket "utveckling" ett antal olika saker. I den här artikeln så täcker uttrycket ämnen såsom applikationsutveckling inklusive språk och verktyg för grafiska användargränssnitt, en överblick över de applikationer som finns tillgängliga för webbutveckling, och en överblick över de applikationer för paketering som finns tillgängliga i Kubuntu. + + + + +Programutveckling + + +C++ +Kompilering av C++-program kräver extra paket som inte ingår i standardinstallationen. + + + +Installera paketet build-essential + + + + +There are many tools available for C++ developers. People interested in +developing graphical applications will find that graphical toolkits or platforms +make development more convenient. The two most popular development platforms for +Ubuntu and Kubuntu are GTK/GNOME and +Qt/KDE, each of which has its own set of tools and documentation. + +Följande lista innehåller de verktyg som finns tillgängliga i Kubuntu som kan användas för att utveckla C++-applikationer: +Verktyg +KDevelop + + +An easy-to-use integrated development environment (IDE) +for KDE. It supports a wide range of programming languages and features project +management, an advanced editor, a class browser and an integrated debugger. + + + + +installera paketet kdevelop + + + + + +Qt Creator + + +A new, lightweight, cross-platform integrated development environment +(IDE) designed to make development with the Qt application +framework fast and easy. + + + + +installera paketet qtcreator + + + + + +Eclipse + + +An open and extensible platform for anything, yet nothing exclusively. It +provides a foundation for constructing and running integrated +software-development tools. The Eclipse Platform allows tool builders to develop +tools independently that integrate with other tools so seamlessly that +it is hard to tell where one tool ends and another starts. + + + + +installera paketet eclipse + + + + + +Textredigerare + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a list of tutorials regarding C++ development (search the +Internet for more tutorials): + +Handledningar + + + - +YoLinux.com C++ Software Development tutorials + + + + + - +HowtoForge Beginner's Guide to C++ + + + + + - cplusplus.com, The C++ Resource +Network + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + +Python +I stort sett allt som behövs för att komma igång med utvecklingen av en Python applikation finns tillgängligt i Kubuntu. +Följande verktyg, som finns tillgängliga i Kubuntu är användbara vid utveckling av en Python applikation: +Verktyg +Eric + + +A full-featured Python IDE written in PyQt using the QScintilla editor widget. + + + + +installera paketet eric + + + + + +Idle + + +An Integrated Development Environment for Python. IDLE is written using Tkinter, +so it is highly platform-independent. + + + + +installera paketet idle + + + + + +Textredigerare + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + +The following is a small list of tutorials regarding Python development (search +the Internet for more tutorials): + +Handledningar + + - Dive Into Python (installera diveintopython paketet) + + + + - Python Learning +Foundation's Python Tutorials + + + + + - ShowMeDo, learn with the open source +community (an amazing set of tutorials for just about everything!) + + + + + + +Graphical User Interface Toolkits + +A graphical user interface toolkit is a set of widgets used in the creation of +applications which use a graphical user interface. Notable toolkits in the Linux +world include: + + + + +Qt - pronounced cute, is a +cross-platform application development framework used mainly for the +development of GUI applications. It is produced by Nokia and +is one of the foundations of KDE development. + + + + +GTK - the GIMP Toolkit is +a highly usable, feature-rich toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces +which boasts cross-platform compatibility. It is one of the foundations of +GNOME development. + + + + +Both of these toolkits include bindings to languages such as C/C++, Python, +Ruby, C#, and more. + + +Qt + +According to the Qt web site, Qt is +everything needed to create web-enabled desktop, mobile and embedded +applications, and has the motto, Code less. Create more. Deploy +everywhere. One of the notable aspects of Qt is that it is used as +the foundation of KDE applications. + + +Qt is largely a C++ class library, although there are bindings for Java and +Python as well. Besides the libraries, Qt also has a complete set of tools for +Qt development, an amazing set of API documentation, as well +as many tutorials. + +Verktyg +Qt Creator + +Som nämnts ovan. + + + +installera paketet qtcreator + + + + + +Qt designer + + +An application that provides classes that allow for the creation of custom +widget plugins for Qt Designer, and classes that enable access to Qt Designer's +components. + + + + +installera paketet libqt4-designer + + + + + +Qt Assistant + +En applikation som tillhandahåller online-hjälp för allt rörande Qt. + + + +installera paketet libqt4-assistant + + + + + +Utvecklingsverktyg för Qt + + +Tools used to assist in Qt 4 development, including the Qt Assistant, +Linguist, D-Bus Viewer and Pixel Tool applications. + + + + +installera paketet qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +Webbutveckling + +Web development encompasses so many markup languages and scripting languages +that it would not be possible to give a brief overview. Most people who do web +development concentrate on markup languages such as HTML, +XML, and others, as well as scripting languages such as +JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python, and others. + + +The following is a small set of tools that are available for the Kubuntu +system: + +Verktyg +Quanta plus + + +A web development environment for working with HTML and associated languages. +It strives to be neutral and transparent to all markup languages, while +supporting popular web-based scripting languages, CSS and other emerging W3C +recommendations. + + + + +installera paketet quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + + +A complete Web Authoring System that combines web file management and +easy-to-use WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) web page editing. + + + + +installera paketet kompozer + + + + + +Textredigerare + + +Text editors in the Linux world are abundant, including: +Emacs, Vim, +Kate, and more. Most experienced software developers +use a text editor instead of an integrated development environment, because they +believe that it doesn't get in their way. + + + + + + + + +Kubuntu Packaging + +In Linux days of old, installing applications meant that users had to issue +commands such as configure, make, and make install using +source software packages. Debian (upon which Kubuntu depends heavily) has +made it easy for users to install applications without having to mess around +with dependencies, command line configuring, special command sequences, +lengthy waits and other nuisances. + + +Since packaging applications is a broad topic that can seem more complex than +it actually is, the following links provide a starting point for +Kubuntu packaging: + + + +The Debian manuals are a good place to start before moving on to the Ubuntu (and +Kubuntu) Packaging Guide. + + + + + + - The Debian +Policy Manual + + + + + - The Debian +Developer's Reference + + + + + - The Debian New +Maintainer's Guide + + + + + - The Ubuntu Packaging +Guide + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/uk/development.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/uk/development.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/development/uk/development.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/development/uk/development.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,686 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Інструменти для розробки +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено короткий вступ щодо різноманітних типів розробки, якими можна скористатися у Kubuntu. Тут наведено дані щодо мов програмування, пакування та програм для виконання цих завдань. + + + + +Вступ +У контексті Linux термін «розробка» може означати декілька різних понять. У цій статті документації термін «розробка» стосується розробки програм, зокрема використання мов програмування, бібліотек розробки графічного інтерфейсу користувача, короткого огляду програм, призначених для веб-розробки, короткого огляду пакування програм для Kubuntu. + + + + +Розробка програмного забезпечення + + +C++ +Збирання програм C++ потребує встановлення додаткових пакунків, яких немає у типовому комплекті системи. + + + +Встановіть пакунок build-essential + + + +Розробники мовою C++ можуть вибирати один з декількох графічних наборів інструментів або платформ, які зроблять розробку зручнішою. Двома найпопулярнішими платформами розробки для Ubuntu і Kubuntu є GTK/GNOME та Qt/KDE. Кожна з цих платформ має власний набір інструментів та документації. +Нижче наведено список програм Kubuntu, якими можна скористатися для розробки програм мовою C++: +Інструменти +KDevelop + +Просте у користуванні інтегроване середовище розробки (IDE) для KDE. У ньому передбачено широкий діапазон мов програмування та можливостей з керування проектами, редактор з розширеними можливостями, переглядач класів та вбудований інструмент зневаджування. + + + +встановіть пакунок kdevelop + + + + + +Qt Creator + +Нове невибагливе до ресурсів комплексне середовище розробки (IDE), що може працювати у багатьох середовищах, розроблене для пришвидшення та спрощення розробки програм на основі бібліотек Qt. + + + +встановіть пакунок qtcreator + + + + + +Eclipse + +Відкрита та широка платформа для виконання будь-яких завдань, але ні для чого окремо. У ній передбачено основу для побудови та запуску комплексних інструментів для розробки програмного забезпечення. Платформа Eclipse надає змогу розробникам інструментів розробляти інструменти незалежно: всі інструменти буде інтегровано таким чином, що ви не зможете визначити, де завершується один інструмент і починається інший. + + + +встановіть пакунок eclipse + + + + + +Текстові редактори + +У Linux безліч текстових редакторів, зокрема: Emacs, Vim, Kate тощо. Найдосвідченіші розробники програмного забезпечення користуються текстовим редактором замість комплексного середовища розробки, оскільки такі розробники завжди бажають повністю контролювати процес розробки. + + + +Нижче наведено список підручників, що стосуються розробки мовою C++ (у Інтернеті ви можете знайти інші підручники): +Інструкції + + - підручники з розробки програмного забезпечення мовою C++ сайта YoLinux.com + + + — підручник для початківців у C++ HowtoForge + + + — cplusplus.com, мережева збірка ресурсів C++ + + + — ShowMeDo, навчайтеся за допомогою спільноти з розробки вільного програмного забезпечення (чудовий набір підручників, якими можна скористатися для виконання майже будь-яких завдань!) + + + + +Python +Майже все, що потрібно для того, щоб розпочати розробку програм мовою Python, можна знайти у Kubuntu. +Ось ці програми зі сховища Kubuntu будуть корисними для розробки програм мовою Python: +Інструменти +Eric + +Повноцінне комплексне середовище розробки мовою Python, написане діалектом PyQt за допомогою віджета редактора QScintilla. + + + +встановіть пакунок eric + + + + + +Idle + +Комплексне середовище розробки мовою Python. IDLE написано за допомогою Tkinter, отже середовище немає прив’язки до програмної або апаратної платформи. + + + +встановіть пакунок idle + + + + + +Текстові редактори + +У Linux безліч текстових редакторів, зокрема: Emacs, Vim, Kate тощо. Найдосвідченіші розробники програмного забезпечення користуються текстовим редактором замість комплексного середовища розробки, оскільки такі розробники завжди бажають повністю контролювати процес розробки. + + + +Нижче наведено короткий список підручників, що стосуються розробки мовою Python (у Інтернеті ви можете знайти інші підручники): +Інструкції + + - Dive Into Python (встановіть пакунок diveintopython) + + + — підручники з Python фонду навчання Python + + + — ShowMeDo, навчайтеся за допомогою спільноти з розробки вільного програмного забезпечення (чудовий набір підручників, якими можна скористатися для виконання майже будь-яких завдань!) + + + + + +Набори інструментів для побудови графічних інтерфейсів +Набір інструментів для побудови графічних інтерфейсів користувача — це набір віджетів, які використовують для створення програм, які використовують графічний інтерфейс користувача. Серед основних наборів інструментів Linux: + + +Qt — вимовляється як «к’ют», є оболонкою для розробки програмного забезпечення для багатьох платформ. Цей інструмент використовується в основному для розробки графічних інструментів програмного забезпечення. Його розроблено Nokia, Qt є однією з основ розробки KDE. + + +GTK — скорочення від «GIMP Toolkit», розповсюджений, багатий на можливості набір інструментів для створення графічних інтерфейсів користувача, у якому передбачено певні інструменти для розробки для багатьох платформ. Цей набір інструментів є однією з основ розробки GNOME. + + +У обох з цих наборах інструментів передбачено можливості прив’язки до мов програмування C/C++, Python, Ruby, C# тощо. + +Qt +Як проголошено на веб-сайті Qt, у Qt є все, що потрібно для роботи з інтернетом на стільниці, створення програмного забезпечення для мобільних та вбудованих систем. Гаслом набору інструментів є: Code less. Create more. Deploy everywhere. («Менше зусиль на програмування. Більший результат. Працює всюди.») Одним з основних застосувань Qt є те, що бібліотеки набору інструментів є основою програм KDE. +Qt є здебільшого бібліотека класів C++, хоча у бібліотеці передбачено прив’язку до мов програмування Java і Python. Окрім бібліотек, у Qt передбачено повний набір інструментів для розробки на основі Qt, чудовий набір документації з API, а також багато підручників. +Інструменти +Qt Creator + +Згадано раніше. + + + +встановіть пакунок qtcreator + + + + + +Qt Designer + +Програма у якій передбачено класи для уможливлення створення нетипових додатків віджетів до Qt Designer та класи, які уможливлюють доступ до компонентів Qt Designer. + + + +встановіть пакунок libqt4-designer + + + + + +Qt-асистент + +Програма, яка надає інтернет-довідку до всіх частин Qt. + + + +встановіть пакунок libqt4-assistant + + + + + +Інструменти розробника на Qt + +Програми, які використовують для розробки на основі бібліотеки Qt 4, зокрема Qt Assistant, Linguist, D-Bus Viewer та Pixel Tool. + + + +встановіть пакунок qt4-dev-tools + + + + + + + + + + + + +Веб-розробка +Веб-розробка ведеться стількома мовами розмітки та скриптовими мовами, що подати короткий огляд веб-розробки майже неможливо. Більшість веб-розробників програмують мовами розмітки, зокрема HTML, XML та іншими, а також скриптовими мовами, зокрема JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Python та іншими мовами. +Нижче наведено лише невеликий набір інструментів, якими можна скористатися у системі Kubuntu: +Інструменти +Quanta Plus + +Інтегроване середовище для веб-розробки мовою HTML та спорідненими мовами, розробники якого намагалися зробити програму нейтральною і прозорою для всіх мов розмітки, такою, що підтримувала б всі популярні мови написання мережевих скриптів, CSS, та інші поточні W3C рекомендації. + + + +встановіть пакунок quanta + + + + + +KompoZer + +Повна система створення веб-компонентів, у якій поєднується керування файлами веб-сторінок та простий у користуванні візуальний інтерфейс редагування веб-сторінок WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get або «бачите те, що отримаєте»). + + + +встановіть пакунок kompozer + + + + + +Текстові редактори + +У Linux безліч текстових редакторів, зокрема: Emacs, Vim, Kate тощо. Найдосвідченіші розробники програмного забезпечення користуються текстовим редактором замість комплексного середовища розробки, оскільки такі розробники завжди бажають повністю контролювати процес розробки. + + + + + + + +Пакування для Kubuntu +Колись давно встановлення програм у Linux означало, що користувачі мали віддати команди, подібні до configure, make і make install, та роботу з пакунками кодів програмного забезпечення. Debian (який є основою Kubuntu) завдання користувачів було полегшено: користувачам вже не потрібно було самим розв’язувати залежності, налаштовувати встановлення за допомогою командного рядка, знати спеціальні послідовності команд, очікувати на завершення збирання пакунків та володіти іншими нюансами системи. +Оскільки тема пакування програм є досить широкою, вона може здатися набагато складнішою, ніж є насправді. Ознайомлення з матеріалами за наведеними нижче посиланнями може бути початковим пунктом, звідки можна розпочати вивчення пакування у Kubuntu: + +Підручники з Debian є чудовим джерелом інформації, з яким слід ознайомитися, перш ніж починати ознайомлення з підручником з пакування для Ubuntu (або Kubuntu). + + + + — підручник з правил Debian + + + — довідник розробника Debian + + + — настанови для нового супровідника Debian + + + — настанови з пакування для Ubuntu + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/de/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/de/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/de/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/de/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Spielen mit <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument enthält einen Überblick über die Spiele, die für Kubuntu verfügbar sind. Es enthält außerdem Hinweise darauf, wie einige Windows-Spiele unter Kubuntu zum Laufen gebracht werden können. + + + + +Einleitung + +Wenn man Kubuntu mit einer DVD-ROM installiert hat, sind alle KDE-Spiele installiert. Auf der Kubuntu-CD-ROM sind diese jedoch aus Platzgründen nicht enthalten. Es ist allerdings einfach, die Spiele nachträglich zu installieren. Bitte lesen Sie dazu den Bereich Softwareverwaltung durch. + + +KDE-Spiele +Die KDE-Spiele sind eine Sammlung von verschiedenen Spielen, die speziell für die KDE-Arbeitsumgebung entworfen wurden. Es existieren folgende Spielekategorien: Arcade, Brettspiele, Kartenspiele, Logikspiele, Spiele für Kinder und Strategie Taktik. + +KDE-Spiele – Arcade +Um mehr Informationen über diese Spiele zu erhalten, besuchen Sie bitte die entsprechende Wikiseite auf Kubuntu-de.org oder die englischsprachige KDE-Spiele-Seite. + +KBounce + +Ein Einzelspieler-Arcade-Spiel mit Puzzleelementen. Es wird auf einem Feld, das von einer Mauer umgeben ist, gespielt. Bälle bewegen sich auf dem Feld und prallen von den Wänden ab. Nach erfolgreichem Abschluss einer Ebene beginnt man mit einem leeren Feld und einem zusätzlichen Ball. Das Ziel des Spieles ist es neue Wände zu bauen, um die Größe des aktiven Feldes zu verringern. + + +KBreakout + +Ziel dieses Spiels ist es, so viele Ziegelsteine wie möglich zu zertrümmern, ohne den Ball dabei zu verlieren. + + +KDiamond + +Ein Einzelspieler-Puzzlespiel, dessen Ziel es ist, Reihen mit drei oder mehr gleichen Juwelen zu erhalten. + + +KGoldrunner + +Ein Labyrinthspiel mit einem Puzzleanteil. In hunderten von Ebenen müssen in einer heißen Verfolgungsjagd mit Gegnern Goldstücke gesammelt werden. + + +KLines + +Ein einfaches, süchtig machendes Einzelspieler-Spiel, inspiriert von einem bekannten Arcade-Spiel namens Color Lines. Vernichten Sie fünf Kugeln in einer Reihe, von denen immer neue, verschiedenfarbige erscheinen. + + +Kolf + +Ein Minigolf-Spiel mit einer 2D-Draufsicht. Die Kurse sind veränderbar. Bis zu 10 Personen können gleichzeitig spielen. + + +Kollision + +Ein einfaches Ausweich-Ballspiel. + + +KSame + +Ein einfaches, aber faszinierenden Farbabstimmungsspiel, das in Anlehnung an das berühmte SameGame entwickelt wurde. Das Ziel ist es das Spielfeld, das mit verschiedenfarbigen Bällen gefüllt ist, zu leeren. + + +KSpaceduel + +Zwei Spieler steuern Raumschiffe, die die Sonne umkreisen. Während dem Spiel sollen die Spieler das gegnerische Raumfahrzeug zerstören. + + + + + +KDE-Spiele – Brettspiele +Um mehr Informationen über diese Spiele zu erhalten, besuchen Sie bitte die entsprechende Wikiseite auf Kubuntu-de.org oder die englischsprachige KDE-Spiele-Seite. + +Bovo + +Ein Gomoku-artiges Spiel (Fünf in einer Reihe) für zwei Spieler. Die Gegner platzieren abwechselnd ihr Piktogramm auf dem Spielfeld. Es besteht auch eine Ähnlichkeit zu „Tic-Tac-Toe“. + + +KBattleship + +Schiffe werden auf dem Spielfeld, das das Meer darstellt, platziert. Anschließend versuchen die Spieler durch Raten herauszufinden, wo die Schiffe des Gegners sind. Der Spieler, der zuerst alle Schiffe des Gegners zerstört hat, gewinnt. + + +KMahjongg + +Die Spielsteine werden gemischt und zu verschiedenen Formen gestapelt. Der Spieler muss zusammengehörige Steinpaare entfernen, bis keine mehr auf dem Spielfeld vorhanden sind. + + +KReversi + +Ein einfaches Einzelspieler-Strategiespiel, das gegen den Rechner gespielt wird. Wenn der Spielstein eines Spielers übernommen wird, wird der Stein gedreht (reversed in Englisch), damit er die Farbe des anderen Spielers annimmt. Der Gewinner ist der Spieler mit den meisten Spielsteinen, wenn keine Züge mehr möglich sind. + + +KShisen + +Ein Solitärspiel, das mit einem gewöhnlichen Satz Mahjonggsteinen in einer Ebene gespielt wird. Spielen Sie gegen die Zeit oder ändern Sie die Einstellungen, um das Spiel schwieriger zu gestalten. + + +Vier gewinnt + +Ein Brettspiel für zwei Spieler basierend auf dem Spiel »Vier gewinnt«. Die Spieler versuchen eine Reihe mit vier Steinen zu erhalten und nutzen dazu unterschiedliche Taktiken. + + + + + +KDE-Spiele – Kartenspiele +Um mehr Informationen über diese Spiele zu erhalten, besuchen Sie bitte die entsprechende Wikiseite auf Kubuntu-de.org oder die englischsprachige KDE-Spiele-Seite. + +KPat + +Ein Solitärspiel, bei dem Karten sortiert werden müssen, auch als KPatience bekannt. Um zu gewinnen muss der Spieler die Karten in eine bestimmte Lage bringen. Man kann viele unterschiedliche Spielvarianten auswählen. + + +LsKat + +Offiziersskat ist ein Kartenspiel für zwei Spieler, bei dem der zweite Spieler entweder ein echter Gegner oder der Rechner ist. + + + + + +KDE-Spiele – Würfelspiele +Um mehr Informationen über diese Spiele zu erhalten, besuchen Sie bitte die entsprechende Wikiseite auf Kubuntu-de.org oder die englischsprachige KDE-Spiele-Seite. + +Kiriki + +Ein süchtigmachendes Würfelspiel, ähnlich wie Yahtzee (Kniffel), das mit bis zu sechs Spielern gespielt werden kann. Die Teilnehmer sammeln Punkte durch das Würfeln mit 5 Würfeln. Dies geschieht pro Zug bis zu drei Mal. + + + + + +KDE-Spiele – Logikspiele +Um mehr Informationen über diese Spiele zu erhalten, besuchen Sie bitte die entsprechende Wikiseite auf Kubuntu-de.org oder die englischsprachige KDE-Spiele-Seite. + +KAtomic + +Spannendes Lehrspiel über die molekulare Geometrie. Es lehrt die vereinfachte 2D-Ansicht von verschiedenen chemischen Elementen. + + +KBlackbox + +Ein Versteckspiel, bei dem der Rechner mehrere Bälle in einem einem Kästchengitter versteckt. + + +KMines + +Das klassische Minesweeper-Spiel, bei dem es das Ziel ist, alle Quadrate aufzudecken, ohne dabei von einer Mine in die Luft gejagt zu werden. Wenn eine Mine explodiert, ist das Spiel zu Ende. + + +KNetwalk + +Ein Einzelspieler-Logikspiel, bei dem der Spieler in möglichst wenig Zügen ein Netzwerk aufbaut, das alle Arbeitsplätze mit dem Server verbindet. + + +KSquares + +Ein Spiel, das in Anlehnung an das bekannte Papier-und-Stift-Spiel Käsekästchen programmiert wurde. + + +KSudoku + +Ein logikbasiertes Puzzle, bei dem der Spieler ein Raster so mit Zahlen füllen muss, dass jede Spalte, jede Zeile und jeder Block alle Zahlen ohne Dopplungen enthält. + + + + + +KDE-Spiele – Strategie Taktik +Um mehr Informationen über diese Spiele zu erhalten, besuchen Sie bitte die entsprechende Wikiseite auf Kubuntu-de.org oder die englischsprachige KDE-Spiele-Seite. + +Konquest + +Eine Nachbildung von GNU-Lactic, bei dem Spieler andere Planeten erobern, indem sie Schiffe dorthin senden. Das Ziel des Spiels ist es, ein interstellares Imperium zu erschaffen und die Planeten aller anderen Spieler zu erobern. + + +Ksirk + +Eine auf den Rechner übertragene Version des sehr bekannten Strategiebrettspiels Risiko. Es ist ein Mehrspieler- und Netzwerk-fähiges Spiel mit einer künstlichen Intelligenz. Das Ziel des Spieles ist es die Welt zu erobern, indem man eine Armee aufstellt und Nachbarländer angreift. + + +KJumpingcube + +Ein einfaches Taktikspiel, das gegen den Rechner oder gegen eine andere Person gespielt wird. Die Spieler ziehen durch Mausklick auf ein freies oder auf ein eigenes Quadrat, mit dem Ziel alle Quadrate zu übernehmen. Ein Mausklick kann eine Kaskade von Gebietsveränderungen auslösen. + + + + + +KDE-Spiele – Spiele für Kinder +Um mehr Informationen über diese Spiele zu erhalten, besuchen Sie bitte die entsprechende Wikiseite auf Kubuntu-de.org oder die englischsprachige KDE-Spiele-Seite. + +Kartoffelknülch + +Ein einfaches erwachsenen- und kindergerechtes Konstruktionsspiel. Das Spiel basiert auf dem einst bekannten Spielzeug um lustige Gesichter zu basteln. + + + + + + + +GNOME-Spiele +Auch wenn Sie Kubuntu verwenden, welches die KDE-Arbeitsumgebung beinhaltet, können Sie trotzdem für die GNOME-Arbeitsumgebung entworfene Spiele installieren und spielen. Um mehr über die GNOME-Spiele zu erfahren, besuchen sie bitte . + + + +Spiele für Linux +Einige bekannte Spieletitel gibt es auch für das Linux-Betriebssystem. Für weitere Informationen über Spiele für Linux besuchen Sie bitte folgende Websites: + + + +Top 25 Linux Games for 2008 + + + + +Linux Games + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 of the best free Linux games + + + +Um zu sehen, welche Spiele in den Kubuntu-Paketquellen verfügbar sind, öffnen Sie KPackageKit, die Paketverwaltung von Kubuntu, über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemSoftwareverwaltung (KPackageKit) und wählen Sie anschließend Spiele aus dem Auswahlmenü Textsuche aus. + + + +Windows-Spiele +Windows-basierte Spiele laufen normalerweise nicht unter Kubuntu. Es gibt allerdings Anwendungen, die es ermöglichen, einige dieser Spiele zu spielen. Cedega (siehe unten) ist unter Spielern sehr beliebt, auch wenn der Dienst nicht kostenlos ist. PlayOnLinux (siehe unten) ist eine andere bekannte und kostenlose Anwendung. Wine (siehe) ist umfangreicher und komplexer. Für das Spielen sind Cedega und PlayOnLinux empfehlenswerter als Wine. +Windows-Spiele unter Linux spielen +Wine + +Eine Anwendung, die es speziell für Windows entwickelter Software ermöglicht, unter Linux zu laufen. +Besuchen Sie die Website , um weitere Informationen darüber zu erhalten. + + +PlayOnLinux + +Eine Anwendung zur Installation zahlreicher für Windows entwickelter Spiele und Anwendungen. +Besuchen Sie die Website , um weitere Informationen darüber zu erhalten. + + +Cedega + +Eine Anwendung, die zahlreiche für Windows entwickelte Spiele unter Linux lauffähig macht. +Besuchen Sie die Website , um weitere Informationen darüber zu erhalten. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/es/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/es/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/es/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/es/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Jugar en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona un resumen de los juegos disponibles con Kubuntu y sugerencias sobre como correr algunos juegos de Windows con Kubuntu. + + + + +Introducción + +Al instalar Kubuntu a través de un DVDROM, todos los juegos de KDE se instalarán. Sin embargo, al instalar Kubuntu desde un CDROM, los juegos no se instalarán, debido a la falta de espacio en el CDROM. Es simple instalar juegos después de una instalación mediante CDROM. Vea el tema Gestión de software. + + +Juegos KDE +Juegos de KDE es una colección de varios juegos diseñados específicamente para el entorno de trabajo de KDE. Las categorías de juegos KDE son: arcade, cartas, dados, estrategia, juguetes, lógica y tablero. + +Juegos KDE - Arcade +Para ver más información sobre estos juegos, vaya a . + +KBounce + +Un juego para un jugador estilo arcade con elementos de puzzle. Se juega en un campo rodeado por un muro. Las pelotas se mueven en el campo, rebotando contra las paredes. Al completar con éxito un nivel, comienza un campo vacío con pelotas adicionales. El objetivo del juego es construir nuevas paredes para reducir el tamaño del campo activo. + + +KBreakout + +El objeto del juego es destruir tantos ladrillos como pueda sin perder la bola. + + +KDiamond + +Un puzzle para un jugador cuyo objeto es construir líneas de tres o más joyas similares. + + +KGoldrunner + +Un juego de laberintos con un toque de puzzle. Tiene cientos de niveles en los que hay que recoger piezas de oro, con los enemigos pisándonos los talones. + + +KLines + +Un juego para un jugador adictivo y simple inspirado por el juego de recreativa bien conocido Color Lines. Elimina cinco por fila, pero siguen apareciendo marcadores de color. + + +Kolf + +Un juego de golf en miniatura con una vista en 2D cenital. Las pistas son dinámicas. Pueden competir hasta 10 personas al mismo tiempo. + + +Kollision + +Un juego sencillo de esquivar la pelota. + + +KSame + +Un sencillo pero desafiante juego de emparejar colores diseñado al estilo del otrora famoso SameGame. El objetivo del juego es limpiar el tablero de juego, relleno con canicas multicolores. + + +KSpaceduel + +Dos jugadores controlan naves espaciales que orbitan alrededor del sol. A medida que progresa el juego, los jugadores han de eliminar las naves del oponente. + + + + + +Juegos KDE- Tablero +Para más información sobre estos juegos, visite . + +Bovo + +Un juego del estilo de Gomoku para dos jugadores. Los oponentes se alternan en colocar sus respectivos pictogramas en el tablero de juego. Es similar también a Conecta Cinco o Naughts and Crosses. + + +KBattleship + +Los barcos se colocan en un tablero que representa el mar. Los jugadores tratan de alcanzar los barcos de su oponente adivinando dónde están ubicados. El primer jugador que destruya todos los barcos del enemigo, gana. + + +KMahjongg + +Las fichas se revuelven, y se apilan para asemejar distintas formas. El jugador retira pares de fichas iguales hasta que todas hayan sido retiradas del tablero. + + +KReversi + +Un juego sencillo de estrategia para un jugador, que se enfrenta al ordenador. Cuando una ficha es capturada, se le da la vuelta (reversa) para revelar el color del otro jugador. El ganador es el jugador que tiene más fichas cuando ya no se puedan hacer más movimientos. + + +KShisen + +Un solitario que se juega, en modo individual, usando las reglas estándar del Mahjonng. Juega contrarreloj o cambia los ajustes para aumentar la dificultad del juego. + + +KFourInLine + +Un juego de tablero para dos jugadores basado en el juego Conecta-Cuatro. Los jugadores intentan construir una fila de cuatro piezas usando distintas estrategias. + + + + + +Juegos KDE- Cartas +Para ver más información sobre estos juegos, vaya a . + +KPat + +Un solitario de ordenar las cartas también conocido como KPatience. Para ganar, un jugador ha de ordenar las cartas en un determinado orden. Elija de entre varios juegos diferentes. + + +LsKat + +Lieutnant Skat es un adictivo juego para dos jugadores, en el que el segundo jugador puede ser tanto un oponente vivo como una inteligencia artificial. + + + + + +Juegos de KDE - Dados +Para ver más información sobre estos juegos, vaya a . + +Kiriki + +Un juego de dados adictivo, similar a Yahtzee, que se puede jugar hasta con seis jugadores. Los participantes acumulan puntos al tirar cinco dados hasta tres veces en un solo turno. + + + + + +Juegos KDE - Lógica +Para ver más información sobre estos juegos, vaya a . + +KAtomic + +Juego educativo acerca de la geometría molecular. Emplea vistas simples en 2D de distintos elementos químicos. + + +KBlackbox + +Un juego de búsqueda jugado en una rejilla de cajas donde el ordenador ha escondido varias pelotas. + + +KMines + +El clásico juego de Buscaminas, cuyo objetivo es destapar todas las casillas sin hacer explotar ninguna mina. Cuando una mina explota se acaba el juego. + + +KNetwalk + +Un juego de lógica para un usuario en el que el jugador construye una red, conectando todos los terminales al servidor en el menor número de turnos posible. + + +KSquares + +Un juedo diseñado al estilo del conocidísimo juego de papel y lápiz Puntos y Cajas. + + +KSudoku + +Un puzzle de lógica en el que el jugador tiene que rellenar una parrilla de tal modo que cada columna, fila y bloque contenga todos los números sin duplicados. + + + + + +Juegos KDE - Estrategia +Para ver más información sobre estos juegos, vaya a . + +Konquest + +Un clon de GNU-Lactic donde los jugadores conquistan otros planetas enviando naves. El objetivo es construir un imperio interestelar y conquistar todos los planetas del resto de los jugadores. + + +Ksirk + +Una versión computerizada de un juego de estrategia en tablero muy conocido. Es un juego multijugador, jugable en red con inteligencia artificial. El objetivo del juego es conquistar el mundo, construyendo un ejército y atacando a las naciones vecinas. + + +KJumpingcube + +Un juego de táctica sencillo que se juega contra el ordenador o contra otra persona. Los jugadores mueven haciendo clic en una casilla vacía, o en una de sus propias casillas con el objetivo de tomar todas las casillas. Esto puede crear una expansión territorial en cascada. + + + + + +Juegos de KDE - Juguetes +Para ver más información sobre estos juegos, vaya a . + +KTuberling + +Un juego de construcción apto tanto para niños como para adultos. El juego se basa en el juguete que fuera popular para construir caras divertidas. + + + + + + + +Juegos de GNOME +Aunque esté usando Kubuntu, que incluye el Espacio de Trabajo de KDE, puede instalar y jugar a juegos diseñados para el Entorno de Escritorio GNOME. Para leer más acerca de los juegos de GNOME, visite . + + + +Juegos para Linux +Hay bastantes juegos populares para los sistemas Linux. Para más información acerca de los juegos disponibles para Linux, por favor, lea las siguientes páginas web: + + + +Mejores 25 juegos para Linux 2008 + + + + +Juegos Linux + + + + +Pingüino feliz + + + + +42 de los mejores juegos libre Linux + + + +Para ver los juegos disponibles en repositorios Kubuntu abra KPackageKit,aplicación de gestión de paquetes de Kubuntu yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaGestión de software (KPackageKit) y seleccione Juegos guilabel> del menú desplegable Buscar texto. + + + +Juegos de Windows +Los juegos basados en Windows no operan de manera nativa en Kubuntu. Sin embargo, hay aplicaciones disponibles que permiten jugar algunos juegos basados en Windows. Cedega (listado más abajo) es popular entre los jugadores, aunque no es un servicio gratuito. PlayOnLinux (listado más abajo) es otra aplicación popular que sí es gratis. Wine (listado más abajo) es una aplicación más avanzada. Para jugar, tanto Cedega como PlayOnLinux son más recomendables que Wine. +Jugar juegos de Windows en Linux +Wine + +Una aplicación que permite a algunos programas hechos para Windows correr en Linux. +Vaya a para más información. + + +PlayOnLinux + +Una aplicación para instalar numerosos juegos y aplicaciones diseñados para correr en Windows. +Vaya a para más información. + + +Cedega + +Una aplicación que permite a numerosos juegos de Windows correr en Linux. +vaya a para más información. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/fr/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/fr/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/fr/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/fr/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,829 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gaming In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document offre une vue d'ensemble des jeux disponibles avec Kubuntu et des suggestions sur la façon d'exécuter quelques jeux Windows sur Kubuntu. + + + + +Introduction + + +When installing Kubuntu via a DVDROM, all of the KDE Games are installed. +However, when installing Kubuntu from a CDROM, no KDE Games are installed, due +to the lack of available space on the CDROM. It is simple to install games after +a CDROM install. Please review the Software Management topic. + + + +Jeux de KDE + +KDE Games is a collection of various games designed especially for the KDE +Workspace. The KDE Game categories are: arcade, board, card, dice, logic, +strategy, and toy. + + +KDE Games - Arcade + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KBounce + + +A single-player arcade game with puzzle elements. It is played on a field +surrounded by a wall. Balls move on the field, bouncing off of the walls. +Successfully completing a level starts an empty field with additional balls. The +object of the game is to build new walls to decrease the size of the active +field. + + + +KBreakout + +Le but du jeu est de détruire le plus de briques possible sans perdre la balle. + + +KDiamond + + +A single-player puzzle game where the object of the game is to build lines of +three or more similar jewels. + + + +KGoldrunner + + +A maze game with a puzzle flavor. It has hundreds of levels where pieces of gold +must be collected, with enemies in hot pursuit. + + + +KLines + + +A simple, addicting single-player game inspired by the well-known arcade game +called Color Lines. Eliminate five in a row, but colored markers keep +appearing. + + + +Kolf + + +A miniature golf game with a 2D, top-down view. Courses are dynamic. Up to 10 +people can compete at the same time. + + + +Kollision + + +A simple ball dodging game. + + + +KSame + + +A simple, yet challenging color matching game modeled after the once famous +SameGame. The goal is to clear the game board filled with multicolored marbles. + + + +KSpaceduel + + +Two players control satellite spaceships orbiting the sun. As the game +progresses, players have to eliminate opponent's spacecraft. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Board + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Bovo + + +A Gomoku-like game for two players. Opponents alternate placing +their respective pictograms on the game board. Also similar to Connect Five or +Naughts and Crosses. + + + +KBattleship + + +Ships are placed on a board which represents the sea. Players try to hit their +opponent's ships by guessing where they are placed. The first player to destroy +all ships wins the game. + + + +KMahjongg + + +Tiles are scrambled, and stacked to resemble various shapes. The player removes +matching pairs of tile's until all the tiles have been removed from the game +board. + + + +KReversi + + +A simple single-player strategy game played against the computer. When a +player's piece is captured, the piece is turned over (reversed) to reveal the +color of the capturing player. The winner is the player with the most pieces +when there are no more possible moves. + + + +KShisen + + +A solitaire game played using the standard set of Mahjonng tiles in a single +layer. Play against the clock or change the settings to increase the challenge +of the game. + + + +KFourInLine + + +A board game for two players based on the Connect-Four game. Players try to +build a row of four pieces using different strategies. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Card + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KPat + + +A card sorting solitaire game also known as +KPatience. To win, a player has to arrange the cards +in a certain order. Choose from several different games. + + + +LsKat + + +Lieutnant Skat is an engaging card game for two players, where the second +player is either a live opponent, or built-in artificial intelligence. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Dice + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Kiriki + + +An addictive dice game, similar to Yahtzee, that can be played by as many as six +players. Participants collect points by rolling five dice for up to three times +in a single turn. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Logic + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KAtomic + + +Educational game built around molecular geometry. It employs simplistic 2D +views of different chemical elements. + + + +KBlackbox + + +A game of hide-and-seek played on a grid of boxes where the computer has hidden +several balls. + + + +KMines + + +The classic Minesweeper game where the object is to uncover all the squares +without blowing up any mines. When a mine explodes, the game is over. + + + +KNetwalk + + +A single-player logic game where the player constructs a network, connecting +all the terminals to the server in the fewest turns possible. + + + +KSquares + + +A game modeled after the well-known pen-and-paper game called Dots and Boxes. + + + +KSudoku + + +A logic-based puzzle where the player has to fill a grid so that each column, +row and block contains all the numbers with no duplicates. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Strategy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Konquest + + +A clone of GNU-Lactic where players conquer other planets by sending ships to +them. The goal is to build an interstellar empire and conquer all other player's +planets. + + + +Ksirk + + +A computerized version of a well-known strategy board game. It is a +multi-player, network-playable game with artificial intelligence. The goal of +the game is to conquer the world by building an army and attacking neighboring +countries. + + + +KJumpingcube + + +A simple tactical game played against the computer or another person. Players +move by clicking on a vacant square or one of their own squares with the +objective of taking over all the squares. Clicking can create cascading +territorial expansion. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Toy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KTuberling + + +A simple constructor game suitable for children and adults. The game is based +on the once popular toy for making funny faces. + + + + + + + + +Jeux GNOME + +Even though you are using Kubuntu, which features the KDE Workspace, you can +still install and play games designed for the GNOME Desktop Environment. To read +more about GNOME Games, please go to . + + + + +Games For Linux + +There are quite a few popular game titles for the Linux system. For more +information on the games available for Linux, please read the following +websites: + + + + +Top 25 Linux +Games for 2008 + + + + +Linux Games + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 +of the best free Linux games + + + + +To see the games available in the Kubuntu repositories, open +KPackageKit, Kubuntu's package management +application by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) and then selecting +Games from the Text Search drop-down +menu. + + + + +Windows Games + +Windows-based games do not operate natively in Kubuntu. However there are +applications available that allow playing some Windows-based games. Cedega +(listed below) is popular among gamers, though it isn't a free service. +PlayOnLinux (listed below) is another popular application which is free of +charge. Wine (listed below) is a more advanced application. For gaming, both +Cedega and PlayOnLinux are recommended over Wine. + +Play Windows Games on Linux +Wine + + +An application that allows some software made for Windows to run within Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +PlayOnLinux + + +An application to install numerous games and applications designed to run on +Windows. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +Cedega + + +An application that allows numerous Windows games to be run on Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/gl/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/gl/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/gl/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/gl/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,835 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gaming In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the games available with Kubuntu, and +suggestions on how to run some Windows games with Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduction + + +When installing Kubuntu via a DVDROM, all of the KDE Games are installed. +However, when installing Kubuntu from a CDROM, no KDE Games are installed, due +to the lack of available space on the CDROM. It is simple to install games after +a CDROM install. Please review the Software Management topic. + + + +Xogos de KDE + +KDE Games is a collection of various games designed especially for the KDE +Workspace. The KDE Game categories are: arcade, board, card, dice, logic, +strategy, and toy. + + +KDE Games - Arcade + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KBounce + + +A single-player arcade game with puzzle elements. It is played on a field +surrounded by a wall. Balls move on the field, bouncing off of the walls. +Successfully completing a level starts an empty field with additional balls. The +object of the game is to build new walls to decrease the size of the active +field. + + + +KBreakout + + +The object of the game is to destroy as many bricks as possible without losing +the ball. + + + +KDiamond + + +A single-player puzzle game where the object of the game is to build lines of +three or more similar jewels. + + + +KGoldrunner + + +A maze game with a puzzle flavor. It has hundreds of levels where pieces of gold +must be collected, with enemies in hot pursuit. + + + +KLines + + +A simple, addicting single-player game inspired by the well-known arcade game +called Color Lines. Eliminate five in a row, but colored markers keep +appearing. + + + +Kolf + + +A miniature golf game with a 2D, top-down view. Courses are dynamic. Up to 10 +people can compete at the same time. + + + +Kollision + + +A simple ball dodging game. + + + +KSame + + +A simple, yet challenging color matching game modeled after the once famous +SameGame. The goal is to clear the game board filled with multicolored marbles. + + + +KSpaceduel + + +Two players control satellite spaceships orbiting the sun. As the game +progresses, players have to eliminate opponent's spacecraft. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Board + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Bovo + + +A Gomoku-like game for two players. Opponents alternate placing +their respective pictograms on the game board. Also similar to Connect Five or +Naughts and Crosses. + + + +KBattleship + + +Ships are placed on a board which represents the sea. Players try to hit their +opponent's ships by guessing where they are placed. The first player to destroy +all ships wins the game. + + + +KMahjongg + + +Tiles are scrambled, and stacked to resemble various shapes. The player removes +matching pairs of tile's until all the tiles have been removed from the game +board. + + + +KReversi + + +A simple single-player strategy game played against the computer. When a +player's piece is captured, the piece is turned over (reversed) to reveal the +color of the capturing player. The winner is the player with the most pieces +when there are no more possible moves. + + + +KShisen + + +A solitaire game played using the standard set of Mahjonng tiles in a single +layer. Play against the clock or change the settings to increase the challenge +of the game. + + + +KFourInLine + + +A board game for two players based on the Connect-Four game. Players try to +build a row of four pieces using different strategies. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Card + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KPat + + +A card sorting solitaire game also known as +KPatience. To win, a player has to arrange the cards +in a certain order. Choose from several different games. + + + +LsKat + + +Lieutnant Skat is an engaging card game for two players, where the second +player is either a live opponent, or built-in artificial intelligence. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Dice + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Kiriki + + +An addictive dice game, similar to Yahtzee, that can be played by as many as six +players. Participants collect points by rolling five dice for up to three times +in a single turn. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Logic + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KAtomic + + +Educational game built around molecular geometry. It employs simplistic 2D +views of different chemical elements. + + + +KBlackbox + + +A game of hide-and-seek played on a grid of boxes where the computer has hidden +several balls. + + + +KMines + + +The classic Minesweeper game where the object is to uncover all the squares +without blowing up any mines. When a mine explodes, the game is over. + + + +KNetwalk + + +A single-player logic game where the player constructs a network, connecting +all the terminals to the server in the fewest turns possible. + + + +KSquares + + +A game modeled after the well-known pen-and-paper game called Dots and Boxes. + + + +KSudoku + + +A logic-based puzzle where the player has to fill a grid so that each column, +row and block contains all the numbers with no duplicates. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Strategy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Konquest + + +A clone of GNU-Lactic where players conquer other planets by sending ships to +them. The goal is to build an interstellar empire and conquer all other player's +planets. + + + +Ksirk + + +A computerized version of a well-known strategy board game. It is a +multi-player, network-playable game with artificial intelligence. The goal of +the game is to conquer the world by building an army and attacking neighboring +countries. + + + +KJumpingcube + + +A simple tactical game played against the computer or another person. Players +move by clicking on a vacant square or one of their own squares with the +objective of taking over all the squares. Clicking can create cascading +territorial expansion. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Toy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KTuberling + + +A simple constructor game suitable for children and adults. The game is based +on the once popular toy for making funny faces. + + + + + + + + +Xogos de GNOME + +Even though you are using Kubuntu, which features the KDE Workspace, you can +still install and play games designed for the GNOME Desktop Environment. To read +more about GNOME Games, please go to . + + + + +Games For Linux + +There are quite a few popular game titles for the Linux system. For more +information on the games available for Linux, please read the following +websites: + + + + +Top 25 Linux +Games for 2008 + + + + +Linux Games + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 +of the best free Linux games + + + + +To see the games available in the Kubuntu repositories, open +KPackageKit, Kubuntu's package management +application by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) and then selecting +Games from the Text Search drop-down +menu. + + + + +Windows Games + +Windows-based games do not operate natively in Kubuntu. However there are +applications available that allow playing some Windows-based games. Cedega +(listed below) is popular among gamers, though it isn't a free service. +PlayOnLinux (listed below) is another popular application which is free of +charge. Wine (listed below) is a more advanced application. For gaming, both +Cedega and PlayOnLinux are recommended over Wine. + +Play Windows Games on Linux +Wine + + +An application that allows some software made for Windows to run within Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +PlayOnLinux + + +An application to install numerous games and applications designed to run on +Windows. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +Cedega + + +An application that allows numerous Windows games to be run on Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/it/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/it/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/it/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/it/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Giocare in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento fornisce una panoramica sui giochi disponibili in Kubuntu, e suggerimenti su come avviare giochi Windows al suo interno. + +https://launchpad.net/people/ubuntu-l10n-it Luca Padrin <luca@mandarinlogiq.org>, 2006. Dario Cavedon <dcavedon@gmail.com>, 2006.Ubuntu Italian Translators + + +Introduzione + +Quando installate Kubuntu da DVD, vengono installati tutti i giochi KDE. Al contrario, quando installate Kubuntu da CD, i giochi KDE non sono installati, a causa della sua mancanza di spazio. È facile installare i giochi dopo un'installazione da CD. Consultate l'argomento Gestione software. + + +Giochi KDE +Giochi KDE è una raccolta di vari giochi progettati proprio per lo spazio di lavoro KDE. Le categorie dei Giochi KDE sono: arcade, da tavolo, carte, dadi, logica, strategia e giochini. + +Giochi KDE - Arcade +Per maggiori informazioni su questi giochi, visitate . + +KBounce + +Un gioco arcade a giocatore singolo con caratteristiche del rompicapo. Si gioca su un campo circondato da un muro. Delle palline si muovono sul campo, rimbalzando contro i muri. Completare con successo un livello fa iniziare un campo vuoto con palline aggiuntive. L'obiettivo del gioco è costruire nuovi muri per ridurre la dimensione del campo attivo. + + +KBreakout + +L'obiettivo del gioco è distruggere quanti più blocchi possibili senza perdere la pallina. + + +KDiamond + +Un gioco rompicapo a giocatore singolo in cui l'obiettivo del gioco è formare linee di tre o più pietre preziose uguali. + + +KGoldrunner + +Un gioco sia labirinto, sia rompicapo. È formato da centinaia di livelli in cui si devono raccogliere pepite d'oro, inseguiti da nemici. + + +KLines + +Un gioco a singolo giocatore per fanatici, semplice, ispirato dal conosciuto gioco arcade Color Lines. Eliminate cinque pezzi di uguale colore in una riga, mentre i pezzi colorati continuano ad apparire. + + +Kolf + +Un gioco di minigolf con vista dall'alto in 2D e percorsi dinamici. Possono gareggiare fino a dieci persone contemporaneamente. + + +Kollision + +Un semplice gioco in cui si devono schivare delle palle. + + +KSame + +Un semplice e, tuttavia, intrigante gioco di abbinamento dei colori costruito sul modello di, un tempo famoso, SameGame. L'obiettivo è liberare il tavoliere di gioco riempito con biglie di vari colori. + + +KSpaceduel + +Due giocatori controllano navicelle spaziali satelliti in orbita attorno al sole. Mentre il gioco avanza, i giocatori devono distruggere la navetta spaziale dell'avversario. + + + + + +Giochi KDE - Da tavolo +Per avere maggiori informazioni su questi giochi, visitate + +Bovo + +Un gioco per due giocatori simile a Gomoku. Gli avversari si alternano mettendo i rispettivi simboli sul tavolo da gioco. Simile anche a Forza 5 o Tris. + + +KBattleship + +Le navi vengono posizionate su una tavola che rappresenta il mare. I giocatori provano a colpire le navi del loro avversario cercando di indovinare dove sono posizionate. Il primo giocatore che distrugge tutte le navi avversarie vince la partita. + + +KMahjongg + +Le tessere sono mescolate e impilate una sull'altra secondo forme definite. Il giocatore elimina le coppie di tessere fino a che tutte le tessere sono eliminate dal tavolo da gioco. + + +KReversi + +Un semplice gioco di strategia per singolo giocatore, giocato contro il computer. Quando la pedina di un giocatore viene catturata, essa viene girata al contrario per mostrare il colore del giocatore che l'ha catturato. Il vincitore è il giocatore con più pezzi quando non è più possibile alcuna mossa. + + +KShisen + +Un solitario giocato usando il set di tessere standard del Mahjonng su un solo strato. Giocate contro il tempo o modificate le impostazioni per aumentare la difficoltà del gioco. + + +KFourInLine + +Un gioco da tavolo per due giocatori basato su Forza 4. I giocatori provano a formare una riga di quattro pezzi usando diverse strategie. + + + + + +Giochi KDE - Carte +Per avere maggiori più informazioni su questi giochi, visitate . + +KPat + +Un gioco di ordinamento delle carte conosciuto anche come KPatience. Per vincere, un giocatore deve sistemare le carte in un determinato ordine. Scegliete fra diverse combinazioni di gioco. + + +LsKat + +Lieutnant Skat è un accattivante gioco di carte per due giocatori, dove il secondo giocatore è o un avversario umano, oppure un'intelligenza artificiale incorporata. + + + + + +Giochi KDE - Dadi +Per avere maggiori informazioni su questi giochi, visitate . + +Kiriki + +Un coinvolgente gioco di dadi, simile a Yahtzee, che può essere giocato fino a sei giocatori. I partecipanti raccolgono punti lanciando cinque dadi fino a tre volte in un singolo turno. + + + + + +Giochi KDE - Logica +Per avere maggiori informazioni su questi giochi, visitate . + +KAtomic + +Gioco didattico costruito sulla geometria molecolare. Impiega semplici visualizzazioni 2D di diversi elementi chimici. + + +KBlackbox + +Un gioco di cerca e trova, giocato su un reticolo di celle in cui il computer ha nascosto diverse palline. + + +KMines + +Il classico gioco del campo minato, in cui l'oggetto è scoprire tutti i quadrati senza far saltare in aria le mine. Quando esplode una mina, il gioco è terminato. + + +KNetwalk + +Un gioco di logica per singolo giocatore in cui si deve costruire una rete, connettendo tutti i terminali al server nel minor tempo possibile. + + +KSquares + +Un gioco costruito sulla falsa riga del conosciuto gioco di carta e penna chiamato Puntini e quadretti. + + +KSudoku + +Un rompicapo basato sulla logica in cui il giocatore deve riempire una griglia in modo che ciascuna colonna, riga e blocco contenga tutti i numeri senza ripetizioni. + + + + + +Giochi KDE - Strategia +Per avere maggiori informazioni su questi giochi, visitate . + +Konquest + +Un clone di GNU-Lactic in cui i giocatori conquistano altri pianeti inviandovi delle navicelle. L'obbiettivo è costruire un impero interstellare e conquistare i pianeti di tutti gli altri giocatori. + + +Ksirk + +Una versione per computer del conosciuto gioco di strategia da tavolo (Risk o Risiko). È multi-giocatore e si può giocare in rete con un'intelligenza artificiale. L'obbiettivo del gioco è conquistare il mondo costruendo un esercito e attaccando gli Stati confinanti. + + +KJumpingcube + +Un semplice gioco di tattica da giocare contro il computer o un'altra persona. I giocatori si spostano in una casella vuota o in una di loro proprietà, con l'obbiettivo di occupare tutte le caselle. Può essere creata un'espansione territoriale a catena tramite il clic del mouse. + + + + + +Giochi KDE - Giochini +Per avere maggiori informazioni su questi giochi, visitate . + +KTuberling + +Un semplice gioco di costruzioni adatto sia ai bambini, sia agli adulti. Si basa sul popolare gioco di costruzione di facce buffe. + + + + + + + +Giochi GNOME +Anche se state usando Kubuntu, che mette in risalto lo spazio di lavoro KDE, potete ancora installare e giocare con i giochi progettati per l'ambiente desktop GNOME. Per saperne di più sui giochi GNOME, visitate . + + + +Giochi per Linux +Vi sono alcuni giochi davvero popolari per il sistema Linux. Per maggiori informazioni sui giochi disponibili per Linux, visitate i seguenti siti web: + + + +I primi 25 giochi per Linux del 2008 + + + + +Giochi Linux + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 tra i migliori giochi gratuiti per Linux + + + +Per avere disponibili i giochi nei depositi Kubuntu, aprite KPackageKit, il gestore dei pacchetti di Kubuntu, da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione software (KPackageKit), poi selezionate Giochi dal menu a discesa per la Ricerca testo. + + + +Giochi Windows +I giochi basati su Windows non funzionano nativamente su Kubuntu, Comunque sono disponibili delle applicazioni che consentono di utilizzare alcuni giochi per Windows. Cedega (nella lista sottostante) è popolare fra i giocatori, però non è un servizio gratuito. PlayOnLinux (nella lista sottostante) è un'altra applicazione popolare ed è gratuito. Wine (nella lista sottostante) è un'applicazione più avanzata. Per giocare, sia Cedega sia PlayOnLinux sono preferibili rispetto a Wine. +Eseguire giochi Windows su Linux +Wine + +Applicazione che consente di eseguire alcuni software creati per Windows anche su Linux. +Visitate per ulteriori informazioni. + + +PlayOnLinux + +Applicazione per installare numerosi giochi e applicazioni progettate per Windows. +Visitate per ulteriori informazioni. + + +Cedega + +Applicazione che consente a numerosi giochi Windows di essere eseguiti su Linux. +Visitate per ulteriori informazioni. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/km/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/km/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/km/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/km/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ល្បែង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ​របស់​ល្បែង​ដែល​អាច​លេងជា​មួយ​​ គូប៊ុនទូ និង​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​អំពី​របៀប​ដំណើរ​ការល្បែង​មួយ​ចំនួន​លើ​វីនដូ​ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ូនទូ ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ + +នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ គូប៊ុនទូ តាម​រយៈ​ឌីវីឌីរូម ល្បែង​ទាំង​អស់​របស់​ KDE នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ផង​ដែរ ។ ទោះ​បីយ៉ាង​ណា នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ពី​ស៊ីឌីរូម​ គ្មាន​ល្បែង KDE ណា​មួយ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដំឡើង​ទេ ដោយ​សារ​តែ​ទំហំ​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាននៅ​លើ​ស៊ីឌីរូមមាន​​មិន​គ្រប់ ។ ដំឡើង​ល្បែង​តាម​ធម្មតា​ បន្ទាប់​ពី​ការដំឡើង​ស៊ីឌីរូម ។ សូម​មើល​ប្រធាន​បទ​ ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +ល្បែងកំសាន្ត KDE +ល្បែង​ KDE គឺ​ជា​សម្រាំង​នៃ​ល្បែង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ដែល​ត្រូវបាន​រចនា​ឡើង​ជា​ពិសេស​សម្រាប់​តំបន់​ធ្វើ​ការ​របស់​ KDE ។ ប្រភេទ​ល្បែង​ KDE រួម​មាន ៖ ល្បែង​ទូ ល្បែង​ក្តារ​ ល្បែង​បៀ ល្បែង​ឡុក​ឡាក់ ល្បែងតក្ក ល្បែង​យុទ្ធសាស្ត្រ និង​ល្បែង​កូនក្មេង ។ + +KDE Games - Arcade +ដើម្បី​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែមអំពី​ល្បែង​ទាំង​នេះ សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ + +KBounce + +ល្បែង​ទូ​ជា​ល្បែង​ដែល​​លែង​តែ​ម្នាក់​ឯង​ដោយ​មាន​ធាតុ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ដោះស្រាយ​ ។ ល្បែង​នេះ​ត្រូវ​លេង​នៅ​លើ​វាល​ដែល​ព័ទ្ធ​ដោយ​ជញ្ជាំង ។ បាល់​ផ្លាស់​ទី​លើ​វាល ដោយ​លោត​ចេញ​ពី​ជញ្ជាំង ។ ការបញ្ចប់​កម្រិត​ដោយ​ជោគ​ជ័យ​នឹង​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​នូវ​វាល​ថ្មី​ដែល​មាន​បាល់​បន្ថែម​ទៀត​ ។ ទិស​ដៅ​របស់​ល្បែង​នេះ​គឺ​ចង់​ឲ្យ​បង្កើត​នូវ​ជញ្ជាំង​ថ្មី​ ដើម្បី​កាត់​បន្ថយ​ទំហំ​របស់​វាល​សកម្ម ។ + + +KBreakout + +ទិស​ដៅ​របស់​ល្បែង​គឺ​ចង់​ឲ្យ​បំផ្លាញ​ឥដ្ឋ​ឲ្យ​បាន​ច្រើន​តាម​ដែល​អាច​ធ្វើ​បាន ដោយ​មិន​ឲ្យ​ជ្រុះ​បាល់ ។ + + +KDiamond + +ជា​ល្បែង​ដោះស្រាយ​ដែល​លេង​តែ​ម្នាក់​ឯង​ ដែល​ទិស​ដៅ​របស់​ល្បែង​គឺ​ចង់​ឲ្យ​បង្កើតជួរ​ពេជ្រ​ដែល​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​បី ឬ​ច្រើន ។ + + +KGoldrunner + +ល្បែង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ទី​ខ្វាត់​ខ្វែងដែល​​មាន​បញ្ហា​ត្រូវ​ដោះ​ស្រាយ ។ វា​មាន​រាប់​រយ​កម្រិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​​ប្រមូល​មាស ដោយ​មាន​សត្រូវ​ដេញ​តាម​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +KLines + +ជា​ល្បែង​ធម្មតា ដែល​លេង​តែ​ម្នាក់​ឯង​ដែល​មាន​ប្រភព​មក​ពី​​ល្បែង​ទូ​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​ដែល​ហៅ​ថា Color Lines ។ ដក​​ប្រាំ​ក្នុង​មួយ​ជួរ​ដេក​ ប៉ុន្តែ​រូប​តំណាង​ដែល​មាន​ពណ៌​នៅ​តែ​បង្ហាញ​ដដែល ។ + + +Kolf + +ល្បែង​ golf ខ្នាត​តូច​ដែល​មាន​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ពី​លើ​ចុះ​ក្រោម​បែប​​ទ្វេរមាត្រ ។ ក្នុង​មួយ​វគ្គ​ៗ អាច​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​មាន​មនុស្ស​លេង​រហូត​ដល់​ទៅ​ ១០ នាក់​ធ្វើ​ការប្រកួត​​នៅ​ក្នុង​ពេល​តែ​មួយ​បាន ។ + + +Kollision + +ល្បែង​គេច​បាល់​ធម្មតា ។ + + +KSame + +ជា​ល្បែង​ផ្គូផ្គង​ពណ៌​ធម្មតា​ ប៉ុន្តែ​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ប្រកួត​ប្រជែង ដែល​បាន​យក​គំរូ​តាម​ SameGame ដ៏​ល្បី ។ គោល​បំណង​របស់​ល្បែង​គឺ​ចង់​ឲ្យ​ជម្រះ​ក្តារ​ល្បែង​ដែល​ពេញ​ទៅ​ដោយ​ថ្មម៉ាប​ចម្រុះ​ពណ៌ ។ + + +KSpaceduel + +អ្នក​លេង​ពីរ​នាក់​គ្រប់​គ្រងយាន​អវកាស​ដែល​បើក​ជុំវិញ​ព្រះ​អាទិត្យ ។ នៅ​ពេល​ល្បែង​​​ដំណើរ​ការ អ្នក​លេង​ត្រូវ​តែ​កំចាត់​យាន​អវកាស​របស់​សត្រូវ​ ។ + + + + + +ល្បែង​ KDE - ល្បែង​ក្តារ +ដើម្បី​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ល្បែង​ទាំង​នេះ​ សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ + +Bovo + +ល្បែង​ដូច​ Gomoku សម្រាប់​លេង​ពីរ​នាក់ ។ គូរ​ប្រកួត​ប្តូរ​​វេន​គ្នា​ដាក់និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា​របស់​ពួក​គេ​រៀង​ៗ​ខ្លួន​នៅ​លើ​ក្តារ​ល្បែង ។ ល្បែង​នេះ​ក៏​ស្រដៀង​នឹង​ Connect Five ឬ​ Naughts និង​ Crosses ដែរ ។ + + +KBattleship + +នាវាចម្បាំង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដាក់​នៅ​លើ​ក្តារ ដែល​តំណាង​ឲ្យ​សមុទ្រ ។ អ្នក​លេង​ព្យាយាម​បាញ់​វានា​របស់​គូរសត្រូវ​ដោយ​ទាញ​នៅ​កន្លែង​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ដាក់​នាវា ។ អ្នក​លេង​ដែល​បាន​បំផ្លាញ​នាវា​ទាំង​អស់​មុន​គេ​ជា​អ្នក​ឈ្នះ ។ + + +KMahjongg + +ក្រឡា​ក្បឿង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដាក់​ច្របល់ និង​ជង់​លើ​គ្នា​ស្រដៀង​ទៅ​នឹង​រូប​​រាង​ផ្សេង​ៗ ។ អ្នក​លេង​នឹង​យក​ក្រឡា​ក្បឿង​ដែល​ជា​គូរ​គ្នា​ចេញ​ រហូត​ដល់​ក្រឡា​ក្បឿង​ទាំង​អស់​ត្រូវ​បាន​យក​ចេញ​ពី​ក្តារ​ល្បែង​ ។ + + +KReversi + +ជា​ល្បែង​យុទ្ធសាស្ត្រ​ធម្មតា​ដែល​លេង​តែ​ម្នាក់​ឯង​ទប់​ទល់​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ នៅ​ពេល​គ្រាប់​របស់​អ្នក​លេង​ត្រូវ​ចាប់​បាន គ្រាប់​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ផ្ងារឡើង​ (ត្រឡប់​) ដើម្បី​បង្ហាញ​ពណ៌​របស់​អ្នក​លេង​ដែល​ចាប់​បាន ។ អ្នក​ឈ្នះ​គឺ​ជា​អ្នក​លេង​ដែល​មាន​គ្រាប់​ច្រើន​បំផុត​ នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​គ្មាន​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ទី​បន្ត​ទៅ​ទៀត ។ + + +KShisen + +ជា​ល្បែង​បៀដែល​លេង​ដោយ​ប្រើ​សំណុំ​ក្រឡា​ក្បឿង​ Mahjonng ស្តង់​ដារ ដោយ​លេង​តែ​ម្នាក់​ឯង ។ លេង​ទប់​ទល់​នឹង​នាឡិកា ឬ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ការកំណត់​ ដើម្បី​បន្ថយ​ការ​ប្រកួត​ ។ + + +KFourInLine + +ជា​ល្បែង​ក្តារ​សម្រាប់​លេង​ពីរ​នាក់​ដែល​មាន​មូលដ្ឋាន​លើ​ល្បែង​ Connect-Four ។ អ្នក​លេង​ព្យាយាម​បង្កើត​ឲ្យ​មាន​គ្រាប់​បួន​ក្នុង​មួយ​ជួរ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​យុទ្ធ​សាស្ត្រ​ខុស​គ្នាៗ ។ + + + + + +ល្បែង KDE - ល្បែង​បៀ +ដើម្បី​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ល្បែង​ទាំង​នេះ សូម​ទៅកាន់​ ។ + +KPat + +ជា​ល្បែង​តម្រៀប​បៀ​ដែល​គេ​ស្គាល់​ថា​ជា KPatience ។ ដើម្បី​ឈ្នះ អ្នក​លេង​ត្រូវ​តែ​រៀប​បៀ​ឲ្យ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​លំដាប់​ជាក់​លាក់ ។ ជ្រើស​ល្បែង​បី​បួន​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា ។ + + +LsKat + +Lieutnant Skat ជា​ល្បែង​បៀ​ប្រកួត​គ្នា​រវាង​មនុស្ស​ពីរ​នាក់ ដែល​អ្ន​ក​លេង​ទី​ពីរ​អាច​ជា​អ្នក​លេង​ផ្ទាល់ ឬ​អាច​កំណត់​ដោយ​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + + + + + +ល្បែង​ KDE - ល្បែង​ឡុក​ឡាក់ +ដើម្បី​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ល្បែង​ទាំង​នេះ សូម​ទៅកាន់ ។ + +Kiriki + +ជា​ល្បែង​ឡុក​ឡាក់​ដែល​គួរ​ឲ្យ​ជក់​ចិត្ត ស្រដៀង​នឹង​ល្បែង​ Yahtzee ដែល​អាច​លេង​ដោយ​មនុស្ស​ត្រឹម​ប្រាំ​មួយ​នាក់​ ។ អ្នក​ចូល​រួម​លេងនឹង​​ប្រមូល​ពិន្ទុ​ដោយ​ក្រឡុក​គ្រាប់​​ឡុក​ឡាក់​ទាំង​ប្រាំ​រហូត​ដល់​បី​ដង​ក្នុង​មួយ​វេន ។ + + + + + +ល្បែង​ KDE - ល្បែង​តក្ក +ដើម្បី​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ល្បែង​ទាំង​នេះ​ សូម​ទៅ​កាន់ ។ + +KAtomic + +ជា​ល្បែង​អប់រំ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្កើត​ជុំវិញ​ធរណីមាត្រ​ម៉ូលេគុល ។ វា​ប្រើ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទ្វេរ​មាត្រ​ធម្មតា​នៃ​ធាតុ​គីមី​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា ។ + + +KBlackbox + +ជា​ល្បែងលាក់បាល់​ដែល​លេងនៅ​លើ​ក្រឡាចត្រង្គ​របស់​ប្រអប់​ ដែល​ជា​កន្លែង​កុំព្យូទ័របាន​លាក់​បាល់​ចំនួន​បី​បួន​បាល់ ។ + + +KMines + +ល្បែង Minesweeper បុរាណ​ជា​ល្បែង​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​វត្ថុ​នៅ​លើ​ប្រអប់​ការេទាំង​អស់​ដោយ​មិន​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ផ្ទុះ​គ្រាប់​មីន​ណា​មួយ ។ នៅ​ពេល​មីន​ផ្ទុះ ល្បែង​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ចប់ ។ + + +KNetwalk + +ជា​ល្បែង​តក្ក​ដែល​លេង​តែ​ម្នាក់​ឯង​ ដែល​តម្រូវ​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​លេង​សង់​បណ្តាញ ដោយ​តភ្ជាប់​ស្ថានីយ​ទាំង​អស់​ទៅ​កាន់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​តាម​តែ​អាច​ធ្វើ​បាន​ក្នុង​រយៈ​ពេល​ដ៏ខ្លី ។ + + +KSquares + +ជា​ល្បែង​ដែល​យក​គំរូ​តាម​ល្បែង​ pen-and-paper ដ៏​ល្បី​ដែល​​ហៅ​ថា Dots និង​ Boxes ។ + + +KSudoku + +ជា​ល្បែង​ដោះ​ស្រាយ​ដែល​មាន​មូល​ដ្ឋាន​លើ​តក្ក​ដែល​អ្នក​លេង​ត្រូវ​តែ​បំពេញ​ក្រឡា​ចត្រង្គ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ជួរ​ឈរ​ ជួរ​ដេក និង​ប្លុក​នីមួយ​មាន​លេខ​ទាំង​អស់​ដោយ​មិន​ស្ទួន​គ្នា ។ + + + + + +ល្បែង​ KDE - ល្បែង​យុទ្ធ​សាស្ត្រ +ដើម្បី​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពីល្បែង​ទាំង​នេះ​ សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ + +Konquest + +ក្លូន​របស់​ GNU-Lactic ជា​កន្លែង​ដែល​អ្នក​លេង​ច្បាំង​ដណ្តើម​យក​ភព​ដទៃ​ទៀត ដោយ​បញ្ជូន​វានា​ចម្បាំង​ទៅកាន់​ភព​ទាំង​នោះ ។ គោល​បំណង​របស់​ល្បែង​គឺ​ចង់​ឲ្យ​បង្កើត​ចក្រភព​រវាង​ដួង​តារា​ និង​ច្បាំង​ដណ្តើម​យក​ភព​ទាំង​អស់​របស់​អ្នក​លេង​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + +Ksirk + +ជាកំណែ​​ល្បែង​យុទ្ធសាស្ត្រ​ដ៏​ល្បី​ដែល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដោយ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ ។ វា​ជា​ល្បែង​ដែល​អាច​លេង​តាម​បណ្តាញ និង​លេង​បាន​ច្រើន​នាក់​ដោយ​កំណត់​ដោយ​ប្រព័ន្ធកុំព្យូទ័រ ។ គោល​បំណង​របស់​ល្បែង​គឺ​ចង់​ឲ្យ​ច្បាំង​ដណ្តើម​យក​ពិភព​លោក​ដោយ​បង្កើត​នូវ​កង​ទ័ព និង​វាយ​ប្រហារ​ប្រទេស​ជិត​ខាង ។ + + +KJumpingcube + +ជា​ល្បែង​យុទ្ធសាស្ត្រ​ធម្មតា​ដែល​លេង​ទល់​នឹង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ ឬ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​អ្នក​លេង​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ អ្នក​លេង​ផ្លាស់​ទី​ដោយ​ចុច​លើ​ផ្ទៃ​ការេ​ទំនេរ​ ឬ​ផ្ទៃ​ការេ​របស់​ពួក​គេ​ផ្ទាល់ ដោយ​មាន​ទិស​ដៅ​ដណ្តើម​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ផ្ទៃ​ការេ​ទាំង​អស់ ។ ការចុច​អាច​បង្កើត​ការ​ពង្រីក​ដែន​ដី ។ + + + + + +ល្បែង KDE - ល្បែង​កូន​ក្មេង +ដើម្បី​មើល​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ល្បែង​ទាំង​នេះ​ សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ + +KTuberling + +ជា​​ល្បែងធម្មតា​ដែល​សាក​សម​សម្រាប់​ក្មេង និងយុវ័យ ។ ល្បែង​នេះ​យក​លំនាំ​តាម​​ល្បែងកូន​ក្មេង​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​សម្រាប់​បង្កើត​មុខ​បែប​កំប្លែង​ផ្សេង​ៗ ។ + + + + + + + +ល្បែង GNOME +ទោះ​បី​ជា​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ដែល​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​លក្ខណៈ​ពិសេស​របស់​តំបន់​ធ្វើការ​ KDE ក៏​ដោយ ក៏​​អ្នក​នៅ​តែ​អាច​ដំឡើង និង​លេង​ល្បែងដែល​បាន​រចនា​ឡើង​សម្រាប់​បរិស្ថាន​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ GNOME ដដែល ។ ដើម្បី​អាន​បន្ថែម​អំពីល្បែង​ GNOME ​សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ + + + +ល្បែង​សម្រាប់​លីនុច +មាន​ចំណង​ជើងល្បែងដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​​តិចតួច​​ណាស់​សម្រាប់ប្រព័ន្ធ​លីនុច ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ល្បែង​ដែល​អាច​មាន​សម្រាប់​លីនុច សូម​អាន​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + + +ល្បែង​លីនុច​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​ទាំង​ ២៥ សម្រាប់​ ២០០៨ + + + + +ល្បែង​លីនុច + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +ល្បែង​លីនុច​ទាំង​ ៤២ ដែល​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ + + + +ដើម្បី​ចង់​ដឹង​ថា​ល្បែង​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឃ្លាំង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ឬ​អត់ សូម​បើក​ KPackageKitកម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្ម​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) បន្ទាប់​មក​ជ្រើស​ ល្បែង​ ពី​ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ​ ស្វែង​រក​អត្ថបទ​ ។ + + + +ល្បែង​វីនដូ +ល្បែង​ដែល​មាន​មូលដ្ឋាន​លើ​វីនដូ​មិន​អាច​ប្រតិបត្តិតាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ បាន​ទេ ។ ទោះ​បីយ៉ាង​ណា​ អាច​មាន​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​លេង​ល្បែង​​ដែល​មាន​មូលដ្ឋាន​លើ​វីនដូបាន ។​ Cedega (ដូច​ដែលបាន​​រាយ​ខាង​ក្រោម) ជា​ល្បែង​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​​សម្រាប់​អ្នកដែល​​លេង​ល្បែង ទោះ​បី​ថា​វា​មិន​មែន​ជា​សេវា​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​ក៏​ដោយ ។ PlayOnLinux (ដូច​ដែលបាន​រាយ​ខាង​ក្រោម) ជា​កម្មវិធី​ដ៏​ពេញនិយម​មួយ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ ។ Wine (ដូច​ដែល​បាន​រាយ​ខាង​ក្រោម​) ជា​កម្មវិធី​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ ។ ចំពោះ​ការ​លេង​ល្បែង​ ទាំង​ Cedega និង​ PlayOnLinux ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​ឲ្យ​លេង​តាម​រយៈ Wine ។ +លេង​ល្បែង​វីនដូ​នៅ​លើ​លីនុច +Wine + +កម្មវិធី​ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​បង្កើត​កម្មវិធី​មួយ​ចំនួន​សម្រាប់​វីនដូ ដើម្បី​ដំណើរ​ការ​នៅ​ក្នុង​លីនុច ។ +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ ។ + + +PlayOnLinux + +ជា​កម្មវិធី​សម្រាប់​ដំឡើង​ល្បែង​ជា​ច្រើន និង​ជាកម្មវិធី​ដែល​បាន​រចនា​ឡើង​សម្រាប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​លើ​វីនដូ ។ +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ + + +Cedega + +ជា​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ល្បែង​វីនដូ​ជា​ច្រើន​​អាច​ដំណើរ​ការ​លើ​លីនុច​បាន ។ +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​ទៅកាន់​ ។ + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/pt_BR/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/pt_BR/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/pt_BR/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/pt_BR/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Jogando no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento oferece uma visão geral sobre os jogos disponíveis no Kubuntu, e sugestoções sobre como rodar alguns jogos do Windows com Kubuntu. + + + + +Introdução + +Quando instalando o Kubuntu por um DVD, todos os jogos são instalados. Porém, quando instalando Kubuntu por um CD, nenhum jogo será instalado, devido a falta de espaço no CD. É simples instalar jogos depois de uma instalação via CD. Por favor, veja o Gerenciamento de Software topic. + + +Jogos KDE +Jogos do KDE é um coleção de vários jogos desenhados especialmente para a Área de Trabalho do KDE. As categorias dos Jogos KDE são: arcade, tabuleiro, cartas, dados, lógica, táticas e estratégias. + +Jogos do KDE - Arcade +Para ver mais informação sobre esses jogos, por favor visite . + +KBounce + +Um arcade para um jogador com elementos de quebra-cabeça. É jogado em um campo entre paredes. Bolas se movem pelo campo, rebatendo nas paredes. Ao completar um nível, o jogo recomeça com mais bolas. O objetivo do jogo é construir novas paredes para diminuir o tamanho do campo ativo. + + +KBreakout + +O objetivo do jogo é destruir o maior número de tijolos possível sem perder a bola. + + +KDiamond + +Quebra-cabeça para um jogador onde o objetivo do jogo é construir linhas de três ou mais jóias iguais. + + +KGoldrunner + +Um jogo de labirinto com sabor de quebra-cabeça. Tem centenas de níveis onde peças de ouro precisam ser coletadas, com inimigos que te perseguem. + + +KLines + +Um simples e viciante jogo para um jogador inspirado pelo conhecido arcade chamado "Color Lines". Elimine cinco em uma linha, mas marcadores coloridos continuam aparecendo. + + +Kolf + +Um jogo de golf miniatura uma visão de cima para baixo em 2D. Os campos são dinâmicos. Até 10 pessoas podem competir ao mesmo tempo. + + +Kollision + +Um jogo simples de esquivar das bolas. + + +KSame + +Um simpla, mas desafiador jogo de cores coincidentes modelado depois do famoso "SameGame". O objetivo é limpar o tabuleiro cheio de peças coloridas. + + +KSpaceduel + +Dois jogadores controlam satélites que orbitam o sol. Enquanto o jogo progride, os jogadores devem eliminar o satélite do oponente. + + + + + +Jogos do KDE - Tabuleiro +Para obter mais informação sobre esses jogos, por favor visite . + +Bovo + +Um jogo tipo Gomoku para dois jogadores. Oponentes alternam colocando os seus respectivos pictogramas no tabuleiro. Semelhante aos jogos Connect Five e Naughts and Crosses. + + +KBattleship + +Barcos são colocados no tabuleiro que representa o mar. Jogadores tentam acertar os navios do oponente tentando adivinhar onde eles estão colocados. O primeiro jogador a destruir o todos os barcos ganha o jogo. + + +KMahjongg + +Pedras são embaralhadas e empilhadas em vários formatos. O jogador remove pares de pedras semelhantes até que todas as pedras sejam removidas do tabuleiro. + + +KReversi + +Um jogo de estratégia simples e de um jogador jogado contra o computador. Quando uma peça do jogador é capturada, a peça é virada para ficar com a cor do jogador que a capturou. O ganhador é o jogador com mais peças quando não houver mais jogadas possíveis. + + +KShisen + +Um jogo solitário que usa as peças padrão do Mahjonng, mas eu uma única camada. Jogue contra o relógio ou mude as configurações para aumentar a dificuldade do jogo. + + +KFourInLine + +Um jogo de tabuleiro para dois jogadores baseado no jogo Connect-Four. Jogadores tentam construir uma linha de quatro peças usando diferentes estratégias + + + + + +Jogos KDE - Cartas +Para ver mais informação sobre esses jogos, por favor acesse . + +KPat + +Um jogo de cartas do tipo paciência também conhecido como KPatience. Para vencer, o jogador tem que arrumar as cartas em uma determinada ordem. Escolha dentre diversos jogos diferentes. + + +LsKat + +Tenente Skat é um jogo de cartas cativante para dois jogadores, no qual o segundo jogador pode ser um oponente humano, ou o próprio computador. + + + + + +Jogos KDE - Dados +Para ver mais informações sobre estes jogos, por favor va para . + +Kiriki + +Um jogo de dados viciante, similar ao Yahtzee, que pode ser jogado com até seis jogadores. Os participantes ganham pontos rolando até três vezes cinco dados por rodada. + + + + + +Jogos KDE - Lógica +Para ver mais informações sobre estes jogos, por favor va para . + +KAtomic + +Jogo educacional construído a partir da geometria molecular. Ele se utiliza de visualizações 2D simplistas de diferentes elementos químicos. + + +KBlackbox + +Um jogo de esconde-esconde jogado numa rede de caixas onde o computador escondeu várias bolas. + + +KMines + +O clássico jogo do Campo Minado, onde o objetivo é revelar todos os quadrados sem estourar nenhuma mina. Quando uma mina explode, o jogo acaba. + + +KNetwalk + +Um jogo de lógica para um único jogador, onde o objetivo é construir uma rede, conectando todos os terminais ao servidor na menor quantidade de turnos possível. + + +KSquares + +Um jogo modelado a partir do popular jogo de papel-e-caneta chamado de Jogo dos Pontinhos. + + +KSudoku + +Um quebra-cabeças lógico no qual o jogador tem que preencher uma grade, de forma que cada coluna, linha e bloco contenham todos os números sem duplicatas. + + + + + +Jogos KDE - Táticas +Para ver mais informações sobre estes jogos, por favor visite . + +Konquest + +Um clone do GNU-Lactic no qual os jogadores conquistam outros planetas enviando naves espaciais até eles. O objetivo é construir um império inter-estelar e conquistar todos os planetas dos outros jogadores. + + +Ksirk + +Uma versão computadorizada de um jogo bem-conhecido de estratégia de tabuleiro. É um jogo para múltiplos jogadores, que pode ser jogador em rede, com inteligência artificial. O objetivo do jogo é conquistar o mundo construindo um exército para atacar países vizinhos. + + +KJumpingcube + +Um jogo tático simples que é jogado contra o computador ou outra pessoa. Os jogadores se movem ao clicar num quadrado vazio ou em um de seus próprios quadrados, tendo o objetivo de tomar todos os quadrados. Um clique pode causar uma expansão territorial em cascata. + + + + + +Jogos KDE - Estratégias +Para ver mais informações sobre estes jogos, por favor visite . + +KTuberling + +Um jogo simples de montagem adequado para crianças e adultos. O jogo é baseado em um antigo brinquedo popular onde se montam caretas engraçadas. + + + + + + + +Jogos do GNOME +Ainda que você esteja usando Kubuntu, no qual a Área de Trabalho do KDE vem integrada, você ainda pode instalar e jogar jogos desenhados para o Ambiente de Trabalho GNOME. Para ler mais sobre os Jogos GNOME, por favor visite . + + + +Jogos para Linux +Há uma quantidade razoável de jogos populares para o sistema Linux. Para maiores informações acerca dos jogos disponíveis para Linux, por favor visite as seguintes páginas da web: + + + +25 melhores jogos de linux em 2008 + + + + +Jogos Linux + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 dos melhores jogos para Linux gratuitos + + + +Para ver os jogos disponíveis no repositórios Kubuntu, abra KPackageKit, gerenciador de pacotes Kubuntu acessando Kickoff Application LauncherAplicativosSistemaGerenciamento de Software (KPackageKit) e então selecionando Jogos pelo menu Busca de Texto. + + + +Jogos do Windows +Jogos baseados no Windows não operam nativamente no Kubuntu. Porém, existem aplicativos disponíveis que permitem jogar alguns jogos baseados no Windows. Cedega (listado abaixo) é popular entre os jogadores, embora não seja gratuíto. PlayOnLinux (listado abaixo) é outro popular aplicativo que é gratuito. Wine (listed below) é um aplicativo mais avançado. Para jogar, ambos Cedega e PlayOnLinux são mais recomendados que o Wine. +Jogar Jogos Windows no Linux +Wine + +Um aplicativo que permite alguns programas feitos para Windows rodarem no Linux. +Acesse para mais informação. + + +PlayOnLinux + +Um aplicativo para instalar inúmeros jogos e aplicativo desenhados para rodar no Windows. +Acesse para mais informação. + + +Cedega + +Um aplicativo que permite inúmeros jogos Windows rodarem no Linux. +Acesse para mais informação. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/ru/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/ru/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/ru/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/ru/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,777 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Игры в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ содержит обзор игр, доступных в Kubuntu, и указания, как запускать некоторые игры Windows. + + + + +Введение + +При установке Kubuntu с DVD диска, все игры KDE будут установлены. Однако, при установке Kubuntu с CD диска, игры KDE не будут установлены, в связи с отсутствием свободного места на CD диске. Можно легко самому установить игры. Пожалуйста, ознакомьтесь с темой Управление программами. + + +Игры KDE +Игры KDE представляет собой сборник различных игр, разработанный специально для рабочего окружения KDE. Категории игр KDE: аркады, настольные, карточные, кости, логические, стратегии и игры для детей. + +Игры KDE - Аркады +Для просмотра дополнительной информации об этих играх, перейдите на страницу . + +KBounce + +Однопользовательская аркада с элементами головоломок. Игра происходит на поле, окруженное стенами. Мячи двигаются по полю, отскакивая от стен. Успешно завершив уровень игра начинается с нового поля с дополнительными шариками. Цель игры заключается в создании новых стен, тем самым уменьшая размер активного поля. + + +KBreakout + +Цель игры заключается в уничтожение максимального количества кирпичей без потери мяча. + + +KDiamond + +Однопользовательская игра с элементами головоломки, в которой цель заключается, чтобы выстроить линии из 3 и более похожих камней. + + +KGoldrunner + + +A maze game with a puzzle flavor. It has hundreds of levels where pieces of gold +must be collected, with enemies in hot pursuit. + + + +KLines + + +A simple, addicting single-player game inspired by the well-known arcade game +called Color Lines. Eliminate five in a row, but colored markers keep +appearing. + + + +Kolf + + +A miniature golf game with a 2D, top-down view. Courses are dynamic. Up to 10 +people can compete at the same time. + + + +Kollision + + +A simple ball dodging game. + + + +KSame + + +A simple, yet challenging color matching game modeled after the once famous +SameGame. The goal is to clear the game board filled with multicolored marbles. + + + +KSpaceduel + + +Two players control satellite spaceships orbiting the sun. As the game +progresses, players have to eliminate opponent's spacecraft. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Board + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Bovo + + +A Gomoku-like game for two players. Opponents alternate placing +their respective pictograms on the game board. Also similar to Connect Five or +Naughts and Crosses. + + + +KBattleship + + +Ships are placed on a board which represents the sea. Players try to hit their +opponent's ships by guessing where they are placed. The first player to destroy +all ships wins the game. + + + +KMahjongg + + +Tiles are scrambled, and stacked to resemble various shapes. The player removes +matching pairs of tile's until all the tiles have been removed from the game +board. + + + +KReversi + + +A simple single-player strategy game played against the computer. When a +player's piece is captured, the piece is turned over (reversed) to reveal the +color of the capturing player. The winner is the player with the most pieces +when there are no more possible moves. + + + +KShisen + + +A solitaire game played using the standard set of Mahjonng tiles in a single +layer. Play against the clock or change the settings to increase the challenge +of the game. + + + +KFourInLine + + +A board game for two players based on the Connect-Four game. Players try to +build a row of four pieces using different strategies. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Card + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KPat + + +A card sorting solitaire game also known as +KPatience. To win, a player has to arrange the cards +in a certain order. Choose from several different games. + + + +LsKat + + +Lieutnant Skat is an engaging card game for two players, where the second +player is either a live opponent, or built-in artificial intelligence. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Dice + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Kiriki + + +An addictive dice game, similar to Yahtzee, that can be played by as many as six +players. Participants collect points by rolling five dice for up to three times +in a single turn. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Logic + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KAtomic + + +Educational game built around molecular geometry. It employs simplistic 2D +views of different chemical elements. + + + +KBlackbox + + +A game of hide-and-seek played on a grid of boxes where the computer has hidden +several balls. + + + +KMines + + +The classic Minesweeper game where the object is to uncover all the squares +without blowing up any mines. When a mine explodes, the game is over. + + + +KNetwalk + + +A single-player logic game where the player constructs a network, connecting +all the terminals to the server in the fewest turns possible. + + + +KSquares + + +A game modeled after the well-known pen-and-paper game called Dots and Boxes. + + + +KSudoku + + +A logic-based puzzle where the player has to fill a grid so that each column, +row and block contains all the numbers with no duplicates. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Strategy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Konquest + + +A clone of GNU-Lactic where players conquer other planets by sending ships to +them. The goal is to build an interstellar empire and conquer all other player's +planets. + + + +Ksirk + + +A computerized version of a well-known strategy board game. It is a +multi-player, network-playable game with artificial intelligence. The goal of +the game is to conquer the world by building an army and attacking neighboring +countries. + + + +KJumpingcube + + +A simple tactical game played against the computer or another person. Players +move by clicking on a vacant square or one of their own squares with the +objective of taking over all the squares. Clicking can create cascading +territorial expansion. + + + + + + +Игры KDE - Для детей +Для просмотра дополнительной информации об этих играх, перейдите на страницу . + +KTuberling + +Простая игра-конструктор для детей и взрослых. Игра основана на некогда популярной игрушке для составления смешных рожиц. + + + + + + + +Игры GNOME +Даже если вы используете Kubuntu, которая включает рабочее окружение KDE, вы можете установить и играть в игры, разработанные для GNOME. Чтобы узнать больше о играх GNOME, перейдите, пожалуйста на страницу . + + + +Игры для Linux +Существует довольно много популярных игр, для системы Linux. Более подробную информацию о доступных играх для Linux, вы можете найти на следующих сайтах: + + + +Топ 25 игр для Linux за 2008 год + + + + +Linux игры + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 лучшие свободные игры для Linux + + + +Для просмотра игр, доступных в хранилище программ Kubuntu, откройте менеджер управления программ KPackageKit, перейдя Меню запуска программ KickoffПриложенияСистемаУправление программами (KPackageKit) и затем выберите Игры в Поиске по группам. + + + +Игры Windows + +Windows-based games do not operate natively in Kubuntu. However there are +applications available that allow playing some Windows-based games. Cedega +(listed below) is popular among gamers, though it isn't a free service. +PlayOnLinux (listed below) is another popular application which is free of +charge. Wine (listed below) is a more advanced application. For gaming, both +Cedega and PlayOnLinux are recommended over Wine. + +Play Windows Games on Linux +Wine + + +An application that allows some software made for Windows to run within Linux. + +Для получения дополнительной информации перейдите по ссылке . + + +PlayOnLinux + +Приложение для установки многочисленных игр и приложений, предназначенных для запуска на Windows. +Для получения дополнительной информации перейдите по ссылке . + + +Cedega + +Приложение, которое позволяет запускать многочисленные игры для Windows. +Для получения дополнительной информации перейдите по ссылке . + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/sk/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/sk/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/sk/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/sk/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,835 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gaming In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the games available with Kubuntu, and +suggestions on how to run some Windows games with Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduction + + +When installing Kubuntu via a DVDROM, all of the KDE Games are installed. +However, when installing Kubuntu from a CDROM, no KDE Games are installed, due +to the lack of available space on the CDROM. It is simple to install games after +a CDROM install. Please review the Software Management topic. + + + +KDE hry + +KDE Games is a collection of various games designed especially for the KDE +Workspace. The KDE Game categories are: arcade, board, card, dice, logic, +strategy, and toy. + + +KDE Games - Arcade + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KBounce + + +A single-player arcade game with puzzle elements. It is played on a field +surrounded by a wall. Balls move on the field, bouncing off of the walls. +Successfully completing a level starts an empty field with additional balls. The +object of the game is to build new walls to decrease the size of the active +field. + + + +KBreakout + + +The object of the game is to destroy as many bricks as possible without losing +the ball. + + + +KDiamond + + +A single-player puzzle game where the object of the game is to build lines of +three or more similar jewels. + + + +KGoldrunner + + +A maze game with a puzzle flavor. It has hundreds of levels where pieces of gold +must be collected, with enemies in hot pursuit. + + + +KLines + + +A simple, addicting single-player game inspired by the well-known arcade game +called Color Lines. Eliminate five in a row, but colored markers keep +appearing. + + + +Kolf + + +A miniature golf game with a 2D, top-down view. Courses are dynamic. Up to 10 +people can compete at the same time. + + + +Kollision + + +A simple ball dodging game. + + + +KSame + + +A simple, yet challenging color matching game modeled after the once famous +SameGame. The goal is to clear the game board filled with multicolored marbles. + + + +KSpaceduel + + +Two players control satellite spaceships orbiting the sun. As the game +progresses, players have to eliminate opponent's spacecraft. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Board + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Bovo + + +A Gomoku-like game for two players. Opponents alternate placing +their respective pictograms on the game board. Also similar to Connect Five or +Naughts and Crosses. + + + +KBattleship + + +Ships are placed on a board which represents the sea. Players try to hit their +opponent's ships by guessing where they are placed. The first player to destroy +all ships wins the game. + + + +KMahjongg + + +Tiles are scrambled, and stacked to resemble various shapes. The player removes +matching pairs of tile's until all the tiles have been removed from the game +board. + + + +KReversi + + +A simple single-player strategy game played against the computer. When a +player's piece is captured, the piece is turned over (reversed) to reveal the +color of the capturing player. The winner is the player with the most pieces +when there are no more possible moves. + + + +KShisen + + +A solitaire game played using the standard set of Mahjonng tiles in a single +layer. Play against the clock or change the settings to increase the challenge +of the game. + + + +KFourInLine + + +A board game for two players based on the Connect-Four game. Players try to +build a row of four pieces using different strategies. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Card + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KPat + + +A card sorting solitaire game also known as +KPatience. To win, a player has to arrange the cards +in a certain order. Choose from several different games. + + + +LsKat + + +Lieutnant Skat is an engaging card game for two players, where the second +player is either a live opponent, or built-in artificial intelligence. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Dice + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Kiriki + + +An addictive dice game, similar to Yahtzee, that can be played by as many as six +players. Participants collect points by rolling five dice for up to three times +in a single turn. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Logic + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KAtomic + + +Educational game built around molecular geometry. It employs simplistic 2D +views of different chemical elements. + + + +KBlackbox + + +A game of hide-and-seek played on a grid of boxes where the computer has hidden +several balls. + + + +KMines + + +The classic Minesweeper game where the object is to uncover all the squares +without blowing up any mines. When a mine explodes, the game is over. + + + +KNetwalk + + +A single-player logic game where the player constructs a network, connecting +all the terminals to the server in the fewest turns possible. + + + +KSquares + + +A game modeled after the well-known pen-and-paper game called Dots and Boxes. + + + +KSudoku + + +A logic-based puzzle where the player has to fill a grid so that each column, +row and block contains all the numbers with no duplicates. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Strategy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Konquest + + +A clone of GNU-Lactic where players conquer other planets by sending ships to +them. The goal is to build an interstellar empire and conquer all other player's +planets. + + + +Ksirk + + +A computerized version of a well-known strategy board game. It is a +multi-player, network-playable game with artificial intelligence. The goal of +the game is to conquer the world by building an army and attacking neighboring +countries. + + + +KJumpingcube + + +A simple tactical game played against the computer or another person. Players +move by clicking on a vacant square or one of their own squares with the +objective of taking over all the squares. Clicking can create cascading +territorial expansion. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Toy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KTuberling + + +A simple constructor game suitable for children and adults. The game is based +on the once popular toy for making funny faces. + + + + + + + + +GNOME hry + +Even though you are using Kubuntu, which features the KDE Workspace, you can +still install and play games designed for the GNOME Desktop Environment. To read +more about GNOME Games, please go to . + + + + +Games For Linux + +There are quite a few popular game titles for the Linux system. For more +information on the games available for Linux, please read the following +websites: + + + + +Top 25 Linux +Games for 2008 + + + + +Linux Games + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 +of the best free Linux games + + + + +To see the games available in the Kubuntu repositories, open +KPackageKit, Kubuntu's package management +application by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) and then selecting +Games from the Text Search drop-down +menu. + + + + +Windows Games + +Windows-based games do not operate natively in Kubuntu. However there are +applications available that allow playing some Windows-based games. Cedega +(listed below) is popular among gamers, though it isn't a free service. +PlayOnLinux (listed below) is another popular application which is free of +charge. Wine (listed below) is a more advanced application. For gaming, both +Cedega and PlayOnLinux are recommended over Wine. + +Play Windows Games on Linux +Wine + + +An application that allows some software made for Windows to run within Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +PlayOnLinux + + +An application to install numerous games and applications designed to run on +Windows. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +Cedega + + +An application that allows numerous Windows games to be run on Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/sv/games.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/sv/games.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/games/sv/games.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/games/sv/games.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,835 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Spela i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides an overview of the games available with Kubuntu, and +suggestions on how to run some Windows games with Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduktion + + +When installing Kubuntu via a DVDROM, all of the KDE Games are installed. +However, when installing Kubuntu from a CDROM, no KDE Games are installed, due +to the lack of available space on the CDROM. It is simple to install games after +a CDROM install. Please review the Software Management topic. + + + +KDE-spel + +KDE Games is a collection of various games designed especially for the KDE +Workspace. The KDE Game categories are: arcade, board, card, dice, logic, +strategy, and toy. + + +KDE Games - Arcade + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Kbounce + + +A single-player arcade game with puzzle elements. It is played on a field +surrounded by a wall. Balls move on the field, bouncing off of the walls. +Successfully completing a level starts an empty field with additional balls. The +object of the game is to build new walls to decrease the size of the active +field. + + + +KBreakout + + +The object of the game is to destroy as many bricks as possible without losing +the ball. + + + +Kdiamant + + +A single-player puzzle game where the object of the game is to build lines of +three or more similar jewels. + + + +Kgoldrunner + + +A maze game with a puzzle flavor. It has hundreds of levels where pieces of gold +must be collected, with enemies in hot pursuit. + + + +KLines + + +A simple, addicting single-player game inspired by the well-known arcade game +called Color Lines. Eliminate five in a row, but colored markers keep +appearing. + + + +Kolf + + +A miniature golf game with a 2D, top-down view. Courses are dynamic. Up to 10 +people can compete at the same time. + + + +Kollision + + +A simple ball dodging game. + + + +KSame + + +A simple, yet challenging color matching game modeled after the once famous +SameGame. The goal is to clear the game board filled with multicolored marbles. + + + +KSpaceduel + + +Two players control satellite spaceships orbiting the sun. As the game +progresses, players have to eliminate opponent's spacecraft. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Board + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Bovo + + +A Gomoku-like game for two players. Opponents alternate placing +their respective pictograms on the game board. Also similar to Connect Five or +Naughts and Crosses. + + + +Sänka fartyg + + +Ships are placed on a board which represents the sea. Players try to hit their +opponent's ships by guessing where they are placed. The first player to destroy +all ships wins the game. + + + +Kmahjongg + + +Tiles are scrambled, and stacked to resemble various shapes. The player removes +matching pairs of tile's until all the tiles have been removed from the game +board. + + + +Kreversi + + +A simple single-player strategy game played against the computer. When a +player's piece is captured, the piece is turned over (reversed) to reveal the +color of the capturing player. The winner is the player with the most pieces +when there are no more possible moves. + + + +Kshisen + + +A solitaire game played using the standard set of Mahjonng tiles in a single +layer. Play against the clock or change the settings to increase the challenge +of the game. + + + +KFourInLine + + +A board game for two players based on the Connect-Four game. Players try to +build a row of four pieces using different strategies. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Card + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KPat + + +A card sorting solitaire game also known as +KPatience. To win, a player has to arrange the cards +in a certain order. Choose from several different games. + + + +LsKat + + +Lieutnant Skat is an engaging card game for two players, where the second +player is either a live opponent, or built-in artificial intelligence. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Dice + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Kiriki + + +An addictive dice game, similar to Yahtzee, that can be played by as many as six +players. Participants collect points by rolling five dice for up to three times +in a single turn. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Logic + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KAtomic + + +Educational game built around molecular geometry. It employs simplistic 2D +views of different chemical elements. + + + +KBlackbox + + +A game of hide-and-seek played on a grid of boxes where the computer has hidden +several balls. + + + +KMines + + +The classic Minesweeper game where the object is to uncover all the squares +without blowing up any mines. When a mine explodes, the game is over. + + + +KNetwalk + + +A single-player logic game where the player constructs a network, connecting +all the terminals to the server in the fewest turns possible. + + + +KSquares + + +A game modeled after the well-known pen-and-paper game called Dots and Boxes. + + + +KSudoku + + +A logic-based puzzle where the player has to fill a grid so that each column, +row and block contains all the numbers with no duplicates. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Strategy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +Konquest + + +A clone of GNU-Lactic where players conquer other planets by sending ships to +them. The goal is to build an interstellar empire and conquer all other player's +planets. + + + +Ksirk + + +A computerized version of a well-known strategy board game. It is a +multi-player, network-playable game with artificial intelligence. The goal of +the game is to conquer the world by building an army and attacking neighboring +countries. + + + +KJumpingcube + + +A simple tactical game played against the computer or another person. Players +move by clicking on a vacant square or one of their own squares with the +objective of taking over all the squares. Clicking can create cascading +territorial expansion. + + + + + + +KDE Games - Toy + +To view more information about these games, please go to . + + +KTuberling + + +A simple constructor game suitable for children and adults. The game is based +on the once popular toy for making funny faces. + + + + + + + + +GNOME Games + +Even though you are using Kubuntu, which features the KDE Workspace, you can +still install and play games designed for the GNOME Desktop Environment. To read +more about GNOME Games, please go to . + + + + +Games For Linux + +There are quite a few popular game titles for the Linux system. For more +information on the games available for Linux, please read the following +websites: + + + + +Top 25 Linux +Games for 2008 + + + + +Linux Games + + + + +Happy Penguin + + + + +42 +of the best free Linux games + + + + +To see the games available in the Kubuntu repositories, open +KPackageKit, Kubuntu's package management +application by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) and then selecting +Games from the Text Search drop-down +menu. + + + + +Windows Games + +Windows-based games do not operate natively in Kubuntu. However there are +applications available that allow playing some Windows-based games. Cedega +(listed below) is popular among gamers, though it isn't a free service. +PlayOnLinux (listed below) is another popular application which is free of +charge. Wine (listed below) is a more advanced application. For gaming, both +Cedega and PlayOnLinux are recommended over Wine. + +Play Windows Games on Linux +Wine + + +An application that allows some software made for Windows to run within Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +PlayOnLinux + + +An application to install numerous games and applications designed to run on +Windows. + + +Go to for more information. + + + +Cedega + + +An application that allows numerous Windows games to be run on Linux. + + +Go to for more information. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/de/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/de/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/de/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/de/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,645 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Erstellung und Bearbeitung von Graphiken mit <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument behandelt das Erstellen und Bearbeiten von Graphiken mit Kubuntu. + + + + +Einleitung + +Es gibt viele freie und quelloffene Graphik- und Bildbearbeitungsprogramme für Kubuntu, wie beispielsweise GIMP, Blender, InkScape und andere. Diese Anwendungen sind zwar nicht von Anfang an vorhanden, können aber über die Paketverwaltung KpackageKit einfach nachinstalliert werden. Dies ist eine Einführung in die häufigsten Aufgaben der Graphikbearbeitung, wie dem Bearbeiten von Bildern, dem Erstellen von neuen Bildern, dem Speichern Ihrer Arbeit und Ähnlichem. + + + + +GIMP („GNU Image Manipulation Program“, zu deutsch GNU-Bildbearbeitungsprogramm) +GIMP ist ein freies Rastergraphik-Bearbeitungsprogramm, dass unter der GPL steht. Es wird hauptsächlich zur Retusche und Bildbearbeitung verwendet. GIMP setzt auf das GTK+-Rahmenwerk und ist daher auf einer Vielzahl von Plattformen verfügbar. Photobearbeitung, Photomontage und Bilderzeugung sind mögliche Einsatzgebiete. + +GIMP kann durch Benutzung von Erweiterungen (Plugins) und Skripten, die komplexe Schritte durchführen, erweitert werden. Es kann auch benutzt werden, um Bilder in verschiedene Formate zu konvertieren. + +Einige der Funktionen und Möglichkeiten, die GIMP bietet, sind: + + +Bearbeiten von Graphiken mit GIMP +Zum Bearbeiten von Bildern können Sie GIMP nutzen, ein mächtiges und funktionsreiches Programm ähnlich wie Adobes Photoshop. So bearbeiten Sie Graphiken in GIMP: + + + +Installieren Sie GIMP mit der Paketverwaltung. + + + +Starten Sie Gimp über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenGrafikGimp. + + + +Wählen Sie DateiÖffnen, navigieren Sie in den Ordner, in dem das Bild gespeichert ist, und öffnen Sie es. + + + +Öffnen eines Bildes mit GIMP + + + + + + + + + + + +In Gimp gibt es mehrere Bildbearbeitungswerkzeuge, beispielsweise den ‚Pinsel‘ oder den ‚Radierer‘. + + + +Sobald die Bearbeitung abgeschlossen ist, wählen Sie DateiSpeichern, um Ihre Datei zu speichern, oder benutzen Sie Speichern unter, um das Überschreiben des Originalbildes zu vermeiden. + + + + + +Erstellen von Graphiken +Das Erstellen von Graphiken kann in Gimp einfach erledigt werden. Es gibt viele Filter und Werkzeuge, die benutzt werden können um erstaunliche Graphiken zu erstellen. So erstellen Sie Graphiken mit Gimp: + + +Um Bilder/Graphiken zu erstellen, fangen Sie mit einem leeren Bild in Gimp an. Um dies zu erreichen, wählen Sie DateiNeu und wählen Sie die Größe des neuen Bildes. Drücken Sie OK. + + + +Erstellen eines neuen Bildes mit Gimp + + + + + + + + + + +Mit einem leeren Bild kann jedes der zahlreichen Werkzeuge, die für Gimp verfügbar sind, genutzt werden um ein Meisterwerk zu kreieren! Verwenden Sie beispielsweise das Textwerkzeug, markiert mit „A“ in dem Werkzeugfenster, um Text zum Bild hinzuzufügen. Der Text kann dann bearbeitet werden, indem Sie Filter benutzen oder mehr Farbe hinzufügen. +Einfügen von einigem Text in das Bild + + + + + + + + + +Wenn das Bild erstellt wurde, sollte es gespeichert werden. Um eine Datei mit Gimp zu speichern, wählen Sie DateiSpeichern und wählen Sie anschließend den Speicherort. Nun muss ein Dateityp für das Bild gewählt werden (png, jpg etc.); deshalb müssen Sie die Dateiendung angegeben, um das Bild zu speichern. Eine der Wahlmöglichkeiten, .xfc, ist die Voreinstellung für Gimp. Es ist der bevorzugte Dateityp, der auch Informationen zur Bearbeitungsvergangenheit eines Bildes verwaltet, was nützlich ist, wenn die Datei weiter mit Gimp bearbeitet werden soll. + + + +Speichern von Bildern + + + + + + + + + + + + +Referenzen +Einen komplettes Handbuch zur Bearbeitung und Erstellung von Bildern und Graphiken mit Gimp finden Sie auf der offiziellen Website unter Tutorials und in der offiziellen Dokumentation. Weitere Information zum Erlernen von Gimp: +Offizielle Gimp-Anleitungen +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp-Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Buch) + + + + + +Inkscape +Inkscape ist ein Vektorgraphikbearbeitungsprogramm. Es benutzt Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG, auf Deutsch „skalierbare Vektorgraphiken“), einen offenen XML-basierten W3C-Standard, als internes Format. Inkscape baut auf GTK+ auf und ist deshalb auf vielen Plattformen lauffähig. Um Inkscape zu starten, installieren Sie es mit der Paketverwaltung und wählen Sie Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeGrafikInkscape +Einige der Funktionen von Inkscape sind: +Erstellen von Ellipsen, Rechtecken, Kreisen, Pfaden, Texten mit Hilfe der vielen verschiedenen verfügbaren Werkzeuge. +Manipulieren, Entwerfen, Drehen und Bearbeiten von Objekten. +Befehlszeilenschnittstelle, hauptsächlich für Umwandlungsfunktionen. +XML-Dokumentbaum-Editor zum Manipulieren von SVG-Dokumenten. + + + +Erstellen von Vektorgraphiken mit Inkscape + +Öffnen Sie Inkscape über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeGrafikInkscape +Legen Sie die Größe des Bildes fest, indem Sie die Breite und Höhe des Dokuments unter DateiDokumenteneinstellungen ändern. +Dokumenteinstellungen + + + + + + + +Zeichenen Sie Kreise, Rechtecke, Polygone etc. indem Sie das passende Werkzeug aus der Werkzeugbox wählen und dann die Maus klicken und das Bild ziehen. +Zeichnen von Formen + + + +Text kann dem Bild hinzugefügt werden, indem man das „Text“-Werkzeug (mit dem „T“ in dem Werkzeugkasten) auswählt oder T auf der Tastatur drückt und in das Bild klickt, wo der Text platziert werden soll. +Hinzufügen von Text + + + +Wenn die Bearbeitung abgeschlossen ist, speichern Sie das Bild, indem SIe DateiSpeichern auswählen. Gehen Sie in den Ordner, indem die Datei gespeichert werden soll, geben Sie den Dateinamen ein und drücken Sie Speichern. Dateien können als reines SVG oder Inkscape-SVG abgespeichert werden. Inkscape-SVG-Dateien enthalten zusätzliche Informationen, die nicht von anderen SVG-Bearbeitungsprogrammen genutzt werden. + + + + +Referenzen +Das „Hilfe“-Menü in Inkscape enthält einige Anleitungen. Zusätzliche Informationen zur Benutzung von Inkscape finden Sie hier: +Inkscape-Grundlagenanleitung +Der Inkscape-Tutorial-Weblog +InkscapeTutorials.net +Inkscape-Tastatur- und Mausreferenz + + + + + +Eine Einführung in Blender +Blender ist ein 3D Graphikprogramm, das unter der GPL veröffentlicht wird.Blender stellt ein breites Spektrum an Modellen, Texturen, Lichter, Animationen und Videos Nachbearbeitungsfunktionen in einem Paket. Blender kann durch das Paketverwaltungsprogramm KPackageKit; Kickoff AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemSoftwareverwaltung (KPackageKit) + + +Blender Grundlagen +Blender ist ein mächtiges Programm, das fortgeschrittene und komplexe Aufgaben erledigen kann, etwa Videobearbeitung, 3D Modelierung und Animation. Dieses Handbuch ist einen Einführung in die Blenderoberfläche und deckt die grundlegenden Funktionen wie das Exportieren und Importieren von Bilder ab. + + +Öffnen SIe Blender, indem SIe Kickoff AnwendungsstarterProgrammeGrafikBlender auswählen +Das Blender Startbild erscheint, gefolgt von einem Fenster ähnlich dem hierunter: +Blender Fenster + + + + + +Die Mitte des Bildschirms ist die Hauptansicht zum Erstellen und Ansehen von 3D Modellen. Der untere Teil des Bildschirms ist die „Kontrollleiste“, das die Steuerelemente zum verändern von Modelen enthält. + +In der Voreinstellung ist ein Würfel in der mitte der Hauptansicht. Mit dem Mauszeiger in der Hauptansicht, kann die Ansicht gedreht werden, indem Sie die Mittlere Maustaste drücken und die Maus umherziehen. Wenn die Maus gezogen wird kann das Objekt aus verschiedenen Winkeln betrachtet werden. Drei Pfeile stehen für die drei Achsen: X, Y und Z. +Drehen der Ansicht + + + + + +Ansichten können geändert werden, indem man die Tasten im Ziffernblock. Das Drücken der Taste „1“ im Ziffernblock ändert die Ansicht. Beim Drücken der Taste „7“ kehrt man zur voreingestellten Ansicht zurück. + +Objekte werden durch Rechtsklick ausgewählt. Alle Objekte können ausgewählt oder abgewählt werden, indem Sie die Taste A auf der Tastatur betätigen. + +Löschen Sie den Voreingestellten Würfel in der Hauptansicht durch das Drücken der X Taste und dem anschließenden betätigen von Enter. + +Zunächst fügen Sie ein neues Netz/Objekt in die Szene, indem Sie Leertaste drücken und wählen Sie AddMeshUVSphere. Stellen Sie die Vorgaben im Dialog ein und drücken Sie OK. +Hinzufügen eines neuen Netzes + + + + + +Um das neues Objekt zu bewegen, müssen Sie es zuerst auswählen (indem Sie auf es mit der rechten Maustaste klicken), und drücken Sie „G“ auf der Tastatur. Nun ziehen Sie die Maus in eine Richtung um das Objekt in diese Richtung zu bewegen. Um das Objekt in eine spezielle zu bewegen, drücken Sie G gefolgt von der Achse der Richtung. Um zum Beispiel ein Objekt in Z-Richtung zu bewegen, drücken Sie G und dann Z. + +Um das Objekt zu drehen, drücken Sie R und drehen es, indem Sie die Maus benutzen. Das Objekt kann um eine Achse gedreht werden, indem Sie X, Y oder Z nach dem Drücken von R betätigen. + +Wenn alle Objekte hinzugefügt wurden, kann die Szene gerendert werden, indem SIe auf RenderRender Current Frame oder indem Sie F12 drücken. + +Speichern Sie das fertige Bild, indem Sie FileSave wählen oder CtrlW drücken. Geben Sie den Dateinamen ein, wählen Sie einen Speicherort und drücken Sie den OK Knopf. + + + + + +Referenzen +Blenderhilfsquellen: +Blender Tutorial Archiv +Blender Videotutorials +Blender Untergrundvideotutorials +Blenderbücher + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/es/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/es/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/es/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/es/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Crear y editar gráficos en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +este documento es sobre cómo crear y editar gráficos en Kubuntu. + + + + +Introducción + +Hay muchas aplicaciones gratuitas y de código abierto disponibles para la edición de gráficos e imagenes para Kubuntu, tales comoGIMP, Blender, InkScape y más. Estas aplicaciones no son parte de una instalación regular de Kubuntu. Sin embargo, pueden ser instaladas fácilmente desde el administrador de paquetes KpackgeKit. Este tema es una introducción a las tareas comunes en las aplicaciones de edición de gráficos, como la edición de imágenes, creación de nuevas imágenes, guardar su trabajo, y demás. + + + + +GIMP (Programa de manipulación de imágenes GNU) +GIMP (del inglés GNU Image Manipulation Program) es un editor gratuito de gráficos rasterizados con licencia GPL. Se utiliza principalmente como herramienta de edición y retoque de imágenes. GIMP se ha creado utilizando el entorno GTK+ y, por lo tanto, se puede ejecutar en numerosas plataformas. Se utiliza para tareas de edición de gráficos tales como la edición de fotografías y la creación y la combinación de imágenes. + +GIMP puede mejorarse con el uso de complementos y guiones que realicen las operaciones complejas. También puede usarse para convertir diferentes formatos de imagen. + +Algunas de las características y capacidades ofrecidas por GIMP son: +Un paquete completo de herramientas de pintura que incluyen pinceles, un lápiz, un aerógrafo, clonación, reparación, sobreexposición y subexposición, etc. +Soporte completo de canal alfa para trabajar con transparencias +Capas y canales +Capacidades de programación avanzada +Varios niveles de deshacer/rehacer (sólo limitados por el espacio en disco) +Herramientas de transformación que incluyen la rotación, el cambio de escala, la proyección y la inversión +permite un amplio rango de formato de archivos , incluyendo GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP y muchos otros +Herramientas de selección, que incluyen rectángulo, elipse, libre, difusa, bezier y tijeras inteligentes +Complementos para añadir formatos de archivo nuevos y filtros de efectos. + + + +Editar gráficos en GIMP +Para editar imágenes puede utilizar GIMP, un potente y completa aplicación similar a Adobe Photoshop. A continuación, puede ver cómo editar gráficos en GIMP: + + + +Instalar GIMP desde el gestor de paquetes + + + +Para ejecutar Gimp, elija Lanzador de aplicacionesAplicacionesGráficosGimp. + + + +En Gimp, elija ArchivoAbrir y busque la carpeta donde se encuentra la imagen y ábrala. + + + +Abrir una imagen en GIMP + + + + + + + + + + + +Gimp ofrece varias herramientas para editar la imagen, como las herramientas «Pincel» y «Borrador». + + + +Una vez que haya terminado de editar la imagen, elija ArchivoGuardar para guardar el archivo o utilice Guardar como si no desea sobrescribir la imagen original. + + + + + +Crear gráficos +Si desea crear gráficos, puede hacerlo cómodamente con Gimp. Tiene a su disposición numerosos filtros y herramientas que le ayudarán a crear gráficos impactantes. A continuación, puede ver cómo crear gráficos: + + +Para crear imágenes o gráficos, comience con una imagen vacía en Gimp. Para ello, elija ArchivoNuevo y especifique las dimensiones de la nueva imagen. Pulse Aceptar. + + + +Crear una imagen nueva en GIMP + + + + + + + + + + +Con una imagen en blanco, cualquiera de las numerosas herramientas disponibles en Gimp pueden ayudarle a crear una obra maestra. Por ejemplo, utilice la herramienta de texto, marcada con una «A» en la ventana de la caja de herramientas, para agregar un texto a la imagen. A continuación, podrá manipular el texto utilizando filtros y coloreándolo. +Añadir algún texto a la imagen + + + + + + + + + +Una vez creada una imagen, es posible guardarla. Para guardar un archivo en Gimp, elija ArchivoGuardar y elija la ubicación donde desea guardarlo. Gimp necesita que se elija el tipo de archivo en el que se desea guardar la imagen (png, jpg etc.). Por tanto, es necesario especificar la extensión de archivo de la imagen que se desea guardar. Una de las posibles opciones, .xcf, es la extensión predeterminada de Gimp. Es el tipo de archivo preferido y le permitirá conservar el historial de edición de la imagen, que puede resultar de ayuda si se tiene previsto seguir editando el archivo en Gimp. + + + +Guardar la imagen + + + + + + + + + + + + +Referencias +Si desea consultar una guía completa acerca de la edición y la creación de imágenes y gráficos en Gimp, consulte los tutoriales y la documentación oficial que encontrará en el sitio web de Gimp. Hay más recursos para aprender a manejar GIMP, entre los que se incluyen: +Tutoriales oficiales de GIMP +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (libro) + + + + + +Inkscape +Inkscape es una aplicación que permite editar gráficos vectoriales. Utiliza el estándar SVG (del ingleś Scalable Vector Graphics), un estándar de la organización W3C basado en XML, como su formato nativo. Inkscape se ha creado utilizando GTK+ y, port tanto, puede ejecutarse en varias plataformas. Para ejecutar Inkscape, instálelo con el gestor de paquetes y elija Lanzador de aplicacionesAplicacionesGráficosInkscape +Algunas características de Inkscape son: +Cree elipses, rectángulos, círculos, rutas, texto usando los diferentes tipos de herramientas disponibles. +Manipular, estilo, rotar y editar objetos. +Interfaz de línea de comandos, principalmente para funciones de conversión de formatos. +Editor de árboles XML para manipular documentos SVG. + + + +Crear imágenes vectoriales con Inksape + +Abra Inkscape seleccionando el Lanzador de aplicacionesAplicacionesGráficosInkscape +Defina el tamaño de la imagen cambiando la «anchura|» y la «altura» del documento en ArchivoPropiedades del documento +Propiedades del documento + + + + + + + +Dibuje círculos, rectángulos, polígonos, etc. seleccionando la herramienta adecuada en la caja de herramientas y, a continuación, haga clic con el ratón y arrástrelo sobre la imagen. +Dibujar formas + + + +Puede agregar texto a la imagen seleccionando la herramienta «Texto» (marcado con un símbolo «T» en la caja de herramientas) o presionando T en el teclado y haciendo clic una vez en la imagen en la que desea colocar el texto. +Añadir texto + + + +Una vez que haya terminado de editar la imagen, guárdela seleccionando ArchivoGuardar. Busque la carpeta en la que desea guardar el archivo, escriba su nombre y presione Guardar. Los archivos se pueden guardar como SVG normal o como SVG de Inkscape. Las imágenes en formato SVG de Inkscape incluyen información adicional que no utilizan otros editores de imágenes SVG. + + + + +Referencias +El menú «Ayuda» en Inkscape incluye tutoriales. Hay información adicional sobre el uso de Inkscape en: +Tutorial básico de Inkscape +Blog de tutoriales de Inkscape +InkscapeTutorials.net +Referencia de teclas y ratón de Inkscape + + + + + +Una introducción a Blender +Blender es una aplicación de gráficos tridimensionales, liberada con la licencia pública general GNU. Blender ofrece una amplia gama de funciones de modelado, texturado, iluminación, animación y posprocesamiento de vídeo en un paquete. Blender se puede instalar utilizando el gestor de paquetes KPackageKit; Lanzador de aplicacionesAplicacionesSistemaAdministración de software (KPackageKit) + + +Básicos de Blender +Blender es una potente aplicación que se puede utilizar para realizar tareas avanzadas y compeljas, como la edición de vídeo y el modelado y la animación en 3D. Esta guía es una introducción a la interfaz de Blender y además trata funciones básicas como la exportación y la importación de imágenes. + + +Abra Blender seleccionando Lanzador de aplicacionesAplicacionesGráficosBlender +Aparecerá la pantalla de presentación de Blender, seguida de una ventana similar a la que se muestra a continuación: +Ventana Blender + + + + + +El centro de la pantalla es la vista principal que se utiliza para crear y ver modelos tridimensionales. La parte inferior de la pantalla la ocupa el «Panel», cuyos controles permiten modificar los modelos de malla. + +De manera predeterminada aparece un cuadrado en el centro de la vista principal. Con el cursor en la ventana principal, se puede rotar la vista pulsando el botón central del ratón y arrastrándolo. A medida que se arrastra el ratón, es posible ver el objeto desde diferentes ángulos. Hay tres flechas que representan los tres ejes: X, Y y Z. +Rotar la vista + + + + + +También puede cambiar de vista utilizando las teclas del teclado numérico. Al presionar la tecla «1» del teclado numérico se cambiará de vista. Si presiona la tecla «7» se volverá a la vista predeterminada. + +Para seleccionar un objeto, basta con presionar el botón derecho del ratón. Si desea seleccionar o anular la selección de todos los objetos de una vez, presione la tecla A del teclado. + +Elimine el cubo predeterminado de la ventana principal presionando la tecla X del teclado y, a continuación, presione Intro. + +A continuación, agregue un nuevo objeto/malla a la escena presionando la barra espaciadora y seleccionando AgregarMallaUVSphere. Elija la configuración predeterminada del cuadro de diálogo y presione Aceptar. +Adición de una nueva malla + + + + + +Para mover el nuevo objeto, primero selecciónelo (haciendo clic en él con el botón derecho del ratón) y pulse la tecla «G». Ahora arrastre el ratón en cualquier dirección para mover el objeto en dicha dirección. Para mover el objeto en una dirección concreta, pulse la tecla G seguida por el eje de dicha dirección. Por ejemplo, para mover un objeto en el eje Z, pulse G y, a continuación, Z. + +Para girar el objeto, pulse R y rote utilizando el ratón. El objeto se puede rotar en torno a un determinado eje pulsando X, Y o Z después de presionar R. + +Una vez que se hayan agregado todos los objetos, se puede renderizar la escena seleccionando RenderizarRenderizar fotograma actual o presionando F12. + +Guarde la imagen terminada seleccionando ArchivoGuardar o presionando CtrlW. Escriba el nombre del archivo, elija la ubicación donde desea guardarlo y presione el botón Aceptar. + + + + + +Referencias +Recursos de Blender: +Archivador de tutoriales Blender +Tutoriales en vídeo de Blender +Tutoriales en vídeo de Blender Underground +Libros de Blender + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/et/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/et/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/et/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/et/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Graafika loomine ja redigeerimine <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>s +&legalnotice; + +See dokument kirjeldab graafika loomist ja redigeerimist Kubuntus. + + + + +Sissejuhatus + +Kubuntule on saadaval palju tasuta ja avatud lähtekoodiga graafika ja piltide redigeeirmise rakendusi nagu GIMP, Blender, InkScape ja teised. Need rakendused ei sisaldu Kubuntu vaikimisi paigalduses. Siiski saab neid hõlpsasti paigaldada paketihalduriga KpackageKit. See teema tutvustab üldisi toiminguid graafikarakendustes, nagu piltide redigeerimine, uute piltide loomine, oma töö salvestamine jne. + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) on tasuta rastergraafika redaktor GPL alusel. Põhiliselt kasutatakse seda piltide retušeerimise ja redigeerimise tööriistana. GIMP on ehitatud GTK+ raamistikule ja seega töötab erinevatel platvormidel. Seda kasutatakse graafika redigeerimise tegevusteks nagu fotomontaaž, pildikompositsioon ja piltide loomine. + +GIMPi saab täiendada pistikprogrammide ja skriptidega, mis sooritavad keerulisi operatsioone. Seda saab kasutada erinevate pildivormingute teisendamiseks. + +Mõned GIMPi pakutavad omadused ja võimalused hõlmavad: +Täielik pilditööriistade komplekt, mis sisaldab pintsleid, pliiatsit, pihustit, kloonimis- ja parandamistööriista, hele-/tumendustööriist ja rohkemgi. +Täielik alfakanali tugi läbipaistvusega töötamiseks +Kihid ja kanalid +Arenenud skriptimisvõimalused +Piiramatu tagasi võtmine/kordamine (piiratud ainult kettaruumiga) +Muundamise tööriistad - pööramise tööriist, mõõtuviimise tööriist, kallutamise tööriist, peegeldamise tööriist +Paljude failivormingute tugi - GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP ja paljud teised +Valikutööriiistad, kaasa arvatud ristkülik, ellips, vabakäe valikutööriist, fuzzy, bezier ja kääridega valimise tööriist nutika ääresobitajaga +Pistikprogrammid uute failivormingute ja uute efektifiltrite lisamiseks. + + + +Graafika redigeerimine Gimpis +Piltide redigeerimiseks saad kasutada GIMPi, võimekat ja võimalusterohket rakendust, mis sarnaneb Adobe Photoshopile. Nii saad GIMPis graafikatöötlust teha: + + + +Paigalda Gimp paketihaldurist + + + +Gimpi käivitamiseks liigu Kickoffi rakenduste käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaGimp. + + + +Gimpi menüüst Fail vali Ava, liigu kataloogi, kuhu pilt on salvestatud ja ava see. + + + +Pildi avamine Gimpis + + + + + + + + + + + +Pilditöötluseks on Gimpis saadaval erinevad tööriistad nagu 'Pintsli' ja 'Kustukummi' tööriistad. + + + +Kui redigeerimine on valmis, salvesta fail menüü Fail käsuga Salvesta või kasuta valikut Salvesta kui, et vältida originaalpildi ülekirjutamist. + + + + + +Graafika loomine +Graafika loomine on Gimpiga hõlpsasti saavutatav. Saadaval on palju filtreid ja tööriistu, mida saab kasutada vapustava graafika loomiseks. Graafikat saab luua nii: + + +Piltide/graafika loomiseks alusta Gimpis tühja lehega. Selleks võta FailUus/guisubmenu> ja sisesta uue pildi m. Vajuta OK. + + + +Uue pildi loomine Gimpis + + + + + + + + + + +Tühjal lehel saab Gimpi arvukaid tööriistu kasutada meistriteose loomiseks! Kasuta näiteks tekstitööriista, mis on tööriistakasti aknas märgitud "A"-ga, et lisada pildile teksti. Teksti saab muuta filtrite kasutamise ja värvide lisamisega. +Teksti lisamine pildile + + + + + + + + + +Kui pilt on loodud, saab selle salvestada. Gimpis faili salvestamiseks liigu FailSalvesta ja vali salvestuse asukoht. Gimp nõuab, et salvestatava pildi jaoks oleks valitud failitüüp (png, jpg jne.). Nii et pildi salvestamiseks peab faililaiend olema määratud. Üks valikutest, .xcf, on Gimpi vaikiisi faililaiend. See on eelistatud failitüüp, mis säilitab pildi redigeerimise ajaloo, mis on kasulik kui faili kavatsetakse Gimpis edasi redigeerida. + + + +Pildi salvestamine + + + + + + + + + + + + +Viited +Täielikku juhendit Gimpis piltide ja graafika loomise ning redigeerimise kohta vaata lehelt õppematerjalid ja vaata ka ametlikku dokumentatsiooni Gimpi veebisaidilt. Rohkem GIMPi õppimise vahendeid: +Gimpi ametlikud õppematerjalid +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimpi guru +Grokking The GIMP (raamat) + + + + + +Inkscape +Inkscape on vektorgraafika redigeerimise rakendus. See kasutab omaformaadina Scalable Vector Graphics-it (SVG), avatud XML-põhist W3C standardit. Inkscape on ehitatud GTK+ peale ja seega saab töötada mitmetel erinevatel platvormidel. Inkscape'i käivitamiseks paigalda see paketihaldurist ja liigu Kickoffi rakenduste käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaInkscape +Mõned Inkscape'i omadused on: +Paljude erinevate tööriistadega saab luua ellipseid, ristkülikuid, radu, teksti. +Objekte saab mõjutada, kujundada, pöörata ja redigeerida. +Käsurealiides, põhiliselt vormingute teisendamise funktsioonideks. +XML puu redaktor SVG dokumentide muutmiseks + + + +Vektorkujutiste loomine Inkscape'iga + +Ava Inkscape: Kickoffi rakenduste käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaInkscape +Määra pildi suurus, muutes dokumendi 'laiust' ja kõrgust 'height' menüüst FailDokumendi omadused +Dokumendi omadused + + + + + + + +Ringide, ristkülikute, polügonide jne joonistamiseks vali tööriistakastist sobiv tööriist, seejärel vajuta hiire nupp alla ja vea kursorit pildil. +Kujundite joonistamine + + + +Teksti saab pildile lisada 'Teksti' tööriistaga (tööriistakastis märgitud 'T'-ga) või vajutades klaviatuuril T ja tehes klõpsu seal, kuhu tahad teksti panna. +Teksti lisamine + + + +Kui redigeerimine on valmis, salvesta pilt: FailSalvesta. Liigu kausta, kuhu tahad salvestada, sisesta failinimi ja vajuta nuppu Salvesta. Failid saab salvestada tavalise SVG-na (Plain SVG) või Inkscape SVG-na. Inkscape SVG piltides on lisateavet, mida teised SVG piltide redaktorid ei kasuta. + + + + +Viited +Inkscape'i menüü "Abi" sisaldab õpetusi. Lisateave Inkscapei kasutamisest on saadaval: +Inkscape'i algõpetus +Inkscape'i õpetuste veebilogi +InkscapeTutorials.net +Inkscape'i klahvid ja hiireviited + + + + + +Sissejuhatus Blenderisse +Blender 3D graafika rakendus, mis on väljastatud GNU üldise avaliku litsentsi alusel. Blender pakub laia valikut modelleerimise, tekstuurimise, valgustuse, animatsiooni ja video järeltöötluse võimalusi ühes paketis. Blenderi saab paigaldada paketihaldurist KPackageKit; Kickoffi rakenduste käivitaja RakendusedSüsteemTarkvarahaldus (KPackageKit) + + +Blenderi põhitõed +Blender on võimekas rakendus, mida saab kasutada arenenud ja keeruliste toimingute sooritamiseks, näiteks video monteerimiseks, 3D modelleerimiseks ja animeerimiseks. See juhend on sissejuhatus Blenderi kasutajaliidesesse ning katab ka põhilised funktsioonid nagu pildi eksportimine ja importimine. + + +Ava Blender: Kickoffi rakenduste käivitajaApplicationsGraafikaBlender +Ilmub Blenderi käivitusekraan, millele järgneb sarnane aken: +Blenderi aken + + + + + +Ekraani keskel on põhivaade 3D mudelite loomiseks ja vaatamiseks. Ekraani alumine osa on 'Paneel', millel on juhtelemendid võrkmudelite muutmiseks. + +Vaikimisi on põhivaate keskel ruut. Kui kursor on peaaknas, saab vaadet pöörata keskmise hiirenupu klõpsamise ja hiire liigutamisega. Hiire liigutamise ajal saab objekti vaadata erinevate nurkade alt. Kolm noolt esindavad kolme telge: X, Y ja Z. +Vaate pööramine + + + + + +Vaateid saab muuta ka numbriklaviatuuri klahvide abil. Klahv "1" muudab vaadet, klahv "7" taastab vaikimisi vaate. + +Objektide valimiseks on 'paremklõps'. Kõik objektid saab valida vajutades klahvi A. + +Kustuta vaikimisi kuup peaaknas, vajutades klahvi X ja seejärel Enter. + +Järgmisena lisa uus võre/objekt, selleks vajuta tühikut ja vali LisaVõreUVSphere Vali dialoogis vaikeseaded ja vajuta OK. +Uue võre lisamine + + + + + +Objekti liigutamiseks esmalt vali see (paremklõpsuga), ja vajuta klahvi 'G'. Objekti liigutamiseks liiguta hiirt soovitud suuas. Objekti kindlasse suunda liigutamiseks vajuta klahvi G ning seejärel soovitud teljele vastavat klahvi. Näiteks: Objekti Z-teljel liigutamiseks vajuta klahvi G ja seejärel Z. + +Objekti pööramiseks vajuta R ja pööra hiirt kasutades. Objekti saab määratud telje ümber pöörata vajutades pärast klahvi R vajutamist X, Y või Z. + +Kui kõik objektid on lisatud, saab stseeni renderdada valikuga RenderdaRenderda praegune kaader või vajutades F12. + +Salvesta valmis kujutis: FailSalvesta või vajuta CtrlW. Sisesta failinimi, vali asukoht ja vajuta nuppu OK. + + + + + +Viited +Blenderi vahendid: +Blenderi õpetuste arhiiv +Blenderi videoõpetused +Blender Underground videoõpetused +Blenderi raamatud + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/fr/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/fr/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/fr/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/fr/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,842 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Creating and Editing Graphics in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about creating and editing graphics in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduction + + +There are many free and open source graphics and image editing applications +available for Kubuntu such as GIMP, +Blender, InkScape and +more. These applications are not part of a default Kubuntu installation. +However, they can be installed easily with the package manager +KpackageKit. This topic is an introduction to common +tasks in graphics editing applications, such as editing images, creating new +images, saving your work, and so forth. + + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + +GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) is a free raster graphics editor +licensed under GPL. It is primarily used as an image retouching and editing +tool. GIMP is built upon the GTK+ framework and thus can run on a variety of +platforms. It is used for graphics editing tasks such as photo editing, +image composition and image creation. + + + +GIMP can be enhanced by the use of plugins and scripts that perform complex +operations. It can also be used to convert different image formats. + + + +Some of the features and capabilities offered by GIMP include: + + +A full suite of painting tools including brushes, a pencil, an +airbrush, cloning, healing, dodge and burn, and more +Full Alpha channel support for working with transparency +Layers and channels +Advanced scripting capabilities +Multiple undo/redo (limited only by disk +space) +Transformation tools including rotate, scale, shear and +flip +Support for a wide range of file formats, including GIF, JPEG, PNG, +XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP and many others +Selection tools, including rectangle, ellipse, free, fuzzy, +bezier and intelligent scissors +Plug-ins to add new file formats and new effect +filters. + + + + +Editing Graphics In Gimp +For editing images you can use GIMP, a +powerful and feature-packed application similar to Adobe's Photoshop. +Here's how to edit graphics in GIMP: + + + + + +Install Gimp from the package manager. + + + + + +To run Gimp, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + + +In Gimp, go to + +File +Open + and navigate to the folder where the image is stored and open it. + + + + +Opening an image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + + +There are several tools available in Gimp for editing +the image, such as the 'Brush' and the 'Eraser' tools. + + + + + +When the editing is complete, go to + +File +Save + to save your file, or use Save As to +avoid overwriting the original image. + + + + + + +Creating Gaphics +Creating graphics can be accomplished in Gimp +easily. There are many filters and tools available that can be used to create +stunning graphics. +Here's how to create graphics: + + + +To create images/graphics, start with an empty image in +Gimp. To do this, go to + +File +New + and enter the dimensions of the new image. +Press OK. + + + + +Creating a new image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +With an empty image, any of the numerous tools available in +Gimp can be used to create a masterpiece! +For example, use the text tool, marked with a 'A' in the toolbox +window, to add some text to the image. The text can then be manipulated by using +filters and adding more color to it. + +Adding some text to the image + + + + + + + + + + + +When the image has been created, it can be saved. To save a file in Gimp, +go to + +File +Save + and choose a location where the file will be saved. +Gimp requires that that a file type be selected for +the image being saved (png, jpg etc.). So the file extension must be specified +for the image being saved. One of the choices, .xcf, is the default +extension for Gimp. It is the preferred file type +that maintains the edit history of the image, which is helpful if the file is +expected to be edited further in Gimp. + + + + +Saving the image + + + + + + + + + + + + +References + +For a complete guide to editing and creating images and graphics in +Gimp, please see the tutorials and the official documentation from the Gimp website. +More resources for learning GIMP include: + +Official Gimp Tutorials +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Book) + + + + + + +Inkscape + +Inkscape is a vector graphics editor application. It +uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), an open XML-based W3C standard, as its +native format. Inkscape is built on GTK+ and therefore can run on a variety of +different platforms.To run Inkscape, install it with the package manager +and go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + + +Some features of Inkscape are: + +Create ellipses, rectangles, circles, paths, text using the +different types of tools available. +Manipulate, style, rotate and edit objects. +Command-line interface, primarily for format conversion +functions. +XML tree editor for manipulating SVG +documents. + + + + +Creating Vector Images With Inkscape + +Open Inkscape by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + +Set the image size by changing the 'width' and 'height' of the +document in FileDocument +Properties + +Document Properties + + + + + + + + + +Draw circles, rectangles, polygons etc. by selecting the appropriate tool from +the toolbox and then click the mouse and drag in the image. + +Drawing Shapes + + + + + +Text can be added to the image by selecting the 'Text' tool (marked with an 'T' +symbol in the toolbox) or by pressing T on the keyboard and +clicking once in the image where the text will be placed. + +Adding Text + + + + + +When the editing is complete, save the image by going to +FileSave. +Navigate to the folder where the file should be saved, enter a filename, and hit +Save. Files can be saved as Plain SVG or as Inkscape +SVG. There is additional information in Inkscape SVG images that is not used by +other SVG image editors. + + + + + +References +The "Help" menu in Inkscape includes tutorials. Additional information +about using Inkscape is available: + +Inkscape Basic Tutorial +The Inkscape Tutorials Weblog +InkscapeTutorials.net +Inkscape Keys and Mouse Reference + + + + + + +An Introduction To Blender + +Blender is a 3D graphics application, released under +the GNU General Public License. Blender provides a broad spectrum of modeling, +texturing, lighting, animation and video post-processing functionality in one +package. Blender can be installed from the package manager +KPackageKit; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) + + + +Blender Basics + +Blender is a powerful application that can be used to +perform advanced and complex tasks, such as video editing, 3D modeling and +animation. This guide is an introduction to the Blender interface, and also +covers basic functions like Exporting and Importing an image. + + + +Open blender by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender +The Blender's splash screen will appear, +followed by a window similar to the one below: + +Blender Window + + + + + + +The center of the screen is the main view for creating and viewing +3D models. The bottom portion of the screen is the 'Panel', which has controls +to modify mesh models. + + +By default there is a square in the center of the main view. With +the cursor in the main window, the view can be rotated by pressing the middle +mouse button and dragging the mouse. As the mouse is dragged, the object can be +viewed from different angles. Three arrows represent the three axes: X, Y +and Z. + +Rotating View + + + + + + + +Views can also be changed by pressing the keys in the number keypad. +Pressing the "1" key in the number keypad changes the view. Pressing the "7" +key returns to the default view. + + + +Objects are selected by clickin the 'Right Mouse Button', All objects can be +selected or deselected by pressing the A key on the keyboard. + + + +Delete the default cube in the main window by pressing the X +key on the keyboard and then pressing Enter. + + + +Next, add a new mesh/object in the scene by pressing Spacebar and +selecting +AddMeshUVSphere +Choose the default settings in the dialog and press +OK. + +Adding a new mesh + + + + + + + +To move the new object, first select it (by clicking on it with the Right Mouse +Button), and press 'G' on the keyboard. Now drag the mouse in any direction to +move the object in that direction. To move the object in a specific direction, +press G followed by the axis of that direction. For example: +To move an object in the Z axis, press G and then +Z. + + + +To rotate the object, press R and rotate using the mouse. The +object can be rotated around a specific axis by pressing X, +Y or Z after pressing R. + + + +When all objects have been added, the scene can be rendered by going to +RenderRender +Current Frame or by pressing F12. + + + +Save the finished image by selecting +FileSave. +or press CtrlW. Enter the +filename, choose a path and press the OK button. + + + + + + +References +Blender resources: + +Blender Tutorials Archive +Blender Video Tutorials +Blender Underground Video Tutorials +Blender Books + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/it/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/it/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/it/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/it/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Creare e modificare immagini in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento tratta della creazione e della modifica delle immagini in Kubuntu. + + + + +Introduzione + +Sono disponibili molte applicazioni gratuite e open source per Kubuntu per la modifica e di immagini e grafica, come GIMP, Blender, InkScape e altro. Queste applicazioni non fanno parte dell'installazione predefinita di Kubuntu. Possono, tuttavia, essere installate facilmente col gestore di pacchetti KpackageKit. Questo capitolo è un'introduzione alle comuni operazioni delle applicazioni di modifica grafica, come la modifica di immagini, la loro creazione, il salvataggio dei lavori e via discorrendo. + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) +GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) è un editor gratuito di grafica raster, rilasciato sotto licenza GPL. Viene utilizzato principalmente come strumento di modifica e ritocco delle immagini. GIMP è costruito con l'infrastruttura GTK+ e può essere dunque utilizzato in molte piattaforme. Viene utilizzato per operazioni di modifica grafica, come la modifica di foto, la composizione e la creazione di immagini. + +GIMP può essere potenziato tramite estensioni e script che eseguono operazioni complesse. Può essere anche usato per convertire le immagini in formati differenti. + +Alcune delle caratteristiche e capacità offerte da GIMP includono: +Include un set completo di strumenti per la pittura, come pennelli, una matita, uno spruzzatore, il cerotto, l'effetto scherma, brucia e altro ancora. +Il canale Alfa pieno supporta i lavori di trasparenza +Livelli e canali +Capacità avanzate di scripting +Livelli multipli di annulla/ripristina (limitati solo dallo spazio su disco +Strumenti per la trasformazioni, inclusi rotazione, scalatura, inclinamento ed effetto specchio +Supporto di una vasta gamma di formati di file, inclusi GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP e molti altri +Strumenti di selezione, inclusi rettangolo, ellisse, libero, approssimato, bezier e forbici intelligenti +Estensioni per aggiungere nuovi formati di file e nuovi filtri per gli effetti. + + + +Modificare inmmagini in Gimp +Per modificare le immagini, potete usare GIMP, una potente e completa applicazione simile ad Adobe Photoshop. Ecco come modificare le immagini in GIMP: + + + +Installate Gimp tramite il gestore di pacchetti. + + + +Per avviare Gimp, andate in Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaGimp. + + + +In Gimp, andate in FileApri, spostatevi nella cartella dove si trova l'immagine e aprite l'immagine. + + + +Apertura di un'immagine in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +In Gimp esistono diversi strumenti per la modifica di un'immagine, come gli strumenti 'Pennello' e 'Gomma'. + + + +Quando avete terminato la modifica, andate in FileSalva per salvare il vostro file, o utilizzate Salva come per evitare di sovrascrivere l'immagine originale. + + + + + +Creazione di immagini +La creazione di immagini in Gimp è di facile esecuzione. Sono disponibili molti filtri e strumenti per la creazione di immagini sbalorditive. Ecco come creare immagini: + + +Per creare immagini od oggetti grafici, partite da una pagina vuota in Gimp. fate questo andando in FileNuovo e inserite le dimensioni della nuova immagine. Premete OK. + + + +Creazione di una nuova immagine in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + +Con un'immagine vuota può essere usato uno qualsiasi dei numerosi strumenti disponibili in Gimp per creare un capolavoro! Per esempio, usate lo strumento testo, contrassegnato da una 'A' nella casella degli strumenti, per aggiungere del testo a un'immagine. Il testo può essere poi lavorato con filtri e l'aggiunta di vari colori. +Aggiungere del testo a un'immagine + + + + + + + + + +Dopo aver creato l'immagine, potete salvarla. Per salvare un file in Gimp, andate in FileSalva e scegliete il percorso in cui salvare il file. Per salvare l'immagine Gimp richiede che venga selezionato il tipo di file (png, jpg, ecc.). Dunque deve essere specificata l'estensione del file. Una a scelta, .xcf, è quella predefinita per Gimp. È il tipo di file preferito che conserva la cronologia di modifica dell'immagine, utile se si pensa di dover modificare il file in Gimp, in un momento successivo. + + + +Salvataggio dell'immagine + + + + + + + + + + + + +Riferimenti +Per una guida completa alla modifica e la creazione di immagini e grafica in Gimp, consultate le esercitazioni e la documentazione ufficiale nel sito web di Gimp. Risorse ulteriori per imparare a usare GIMP includono: +Esercitazioni ufficiali di Gimp +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Libro) + + + + + +Inkscape +Inkscape è un'applicazione per la modifica della grafica vettoriale. Usa Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG, 'grafica vettoriale scalabile'), uno standard aperto W3C basato su XML, come formato nativo proprio. Inkscape è costruito con GTK+ e dunque può essere eseguito su molte piattaforme.Per avviare Inkscape, installatelo col gestore di pacchetti e andate in Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaInkscape +Tra le varie caratteristiche di Inkscape ricordiamo: +Con l'uso dei vari strumenti a disposizione, si possono creare ellissi, rettangoli, cerchi, percorsi e testo. +Manipolazione, applicazione di stili, rotazione e modifica di oggetti. +Interfaccia a riga di comando, principalmente per funzioni di conversione formato. +Editor della struttura XML per la manipolazione di documenti SVG. + + + +Creare immagini vettoriali con Inkscape + +Aprite Inkscape da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaInkscape +Impostate la dimensione dell'immagine modificando 'larghezza' e 'altezza' del documento in FileProprietà documento +Proprietà documento + + + + + + + +Disegnate cerchi, rettangoli, poligoni e altro ancora, selezionando lo strumento appropriato dalla casella degli strumenti, poi facendo clic col mouse e trascinandolo all'interno dell'immagine. +Disegnare forme + + + +Il testo può essere aggiunto all'immagine selezionando lo strumento 'Testo' (contrassegnato col simbolo di una 'T' nella casella degli strumenti) oppure premendo T nella tastiera e facendo clic nell'immagine nel punto in cui il testo verrà posizionato. +Aggiunta di testo + + + +Dopo aver completato la modifica, salvate l'immagine da FileSalva. Scegliete la cartella in cui il file deve essere salvato, digitate un nome e premete Salva. i file possono essere salvati come SVG semplice o come SVG Inkscape. Nelle immagini SVG Inkscape vi sono informazioni aggiuntive che non vengono usate da altri editor di immagini SVG. + + + + +Riferimenti +Il menu «Aiuto» menu in Inkscape include esercitazioni. Sono disponibili informazioni aggiuntive sull'uso di Inkscape: +Esercitazione di base di Inkscape +Blog delle esercitazioni di Inkscape +InkscapeTutorials.net +Scorciatoie tasti e mouse di Inkscape + + + + + +Introduzione a Blender +Blender è un'applicazione per grafica in 3D, rilasciata sotto GNU General Public License. Blender fornisce in un unico pacchetto un'ampia gamma di funzionalità per la modellazione, texturing, illuminazione, animazion e post-processazione video. Blender può essere installato dal gestore di pacchetti KPackageKit; Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione software (KPackageKit) + + +Fondamenti di Blender +Blender è una potente applicazione per eseguire operazioni complesse e avanzate, quali l'editing video, la modellazione e l'animazione in 3D. Questa guida è un'introduzione all'interfaccia di Blender e tratta anche le funzioni di base come l'esportazione e l'importazione di un'immagine. + + +Aprite Blender da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaBlender +Apparirà la schermata di avvio di Blender, seguita da una finestra simile a quella sotto: +La finestra di Blender + + + + + +Il centro dello schermo è la vista principale per la creazione e la visualizzazione dei modelli 3D. La porzione inferiore dello schermo è il «Pannello», in cui sono contenuti i controlli per la modifica dei modelli a griglia. + +Per impostazione predefinita, è presente un quadrato al centro della vista principale. Col cursore nella finestra principale, la vista può essere ruotata premendo il pulsante centrale del mouse e trascinandolo. Tramite il trascinamento, l'oggetto può essere osservato da differenti angolazioni. Tre frecce rappresentano i tre assi: X, Y e Z. +Rotazione della visualizzazione + + + + + +Le visualizzazioni possono essere modificate premendo i tasti del tastierino numerico. La pressione del tasto «1» modifica la visualizzazione. La pressione del tasto «7» ritorna alla quella predefinita. + +Gli oggetti sono selezionati tramite il «pulsante destro del mouse». Tutti gli oggetti possono essere selezionati o deselezionati premendo il tasto A sulla tastiera. + +Eliminate il cubo predefinito nella finestra principale premendo il tasto X nella tastiera, poi premendo Invio. + +Aggiungete, dopo, una nuova griglia, od oggetto, premendo la barra spaziatrice e selezionando AddMeshUVSphere Scegliete le impostazioni predefinite nella finestra e premete OK. +Aggiungere una nuova griglia + + + + + +Per spostare il nuovo oggetto, prima selezionatelo (tramite clic col tasto destro del mouse), poi premete 'G' sulla tastiera. ora trascinate il mouse nella direzione voluta per spostare l'oggetto. Per spostare l'oggetto in una direzione specifica, premete G seguito dall'asse per quella direzione. Per esempio: per spostare un oggetto nell'asse Z, premete G, poi Z. + +Per ruotare l'oggetto, premete R e ruotatele utilizzando il mouse. L'oggetto può essere ruotato intorno a uno specifico asse premendo X, Y o Z dopo aver premuto R. + +Quando tutti gli oggetti sono stati aggiunti, la scena può essere renderizzata da RenderRender Current Frame o premendo F12. + +Salvate l'immagine completata selezionando FileSave o premendo CtrlW. Inserite il nome del file, scegliete un percorso e premete il pulsante OK. + + + + + +Riferimenti +Risorse su Blender: +Archivio delle esercitazioni per Blender +Esercitazioni video per Blender +Esercitazioni underground video per Blender +Libri su Blender + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/km/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/km/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/km/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/km/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការ​បង្កើត និង​​កែសម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការបង្កើត និង​កែសម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​នៅ​ក្នុង​គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ + +មាន​កម្មវិធី​កែសម្រួល​រូបភាព​ និង​ក្រាហ្វិក​បែប​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ និង​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​ជាច្រើន​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​សម្រាប់​គូប៊ុនទូ ដូច​ជា​ GIMP Blender InkScape និង​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត ។ កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​នេះ​មិន​មែន​ជា​ផ្នែក​នៃ​ការដំឡើង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ លំនាំ​ដើម​ទេ ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា អាច​ដំឡើង​ពួក​វា​បាន​យ៉ាង​ងាយ​ស្រួល ដោយ​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់ KpackageKit ។ ប្រធាន​បទ​នេះ​ជា​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​សម្រាប់​ភារកិច្ចទូទៅ​នៅ​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​ ដូច​ជា​ការ​កែសម្រួល​រូបភាព បង្កើត​រូបភាព​ថ្មី រក្សា​ទុក​ការងារ​របស់​អ្នកជាដើម​ ។ + + + + +GIMP (កម្មវិធី​រៀប​ចំ​រូបភាព GNU) +GIMP (កម្មវិធី​រៀប​ចំ​រូប​ភាព​ GNU) គឺជា​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​ដែល​រហ័ស​ និង​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​ដោយ​មាន​អាជ្ញាបណ្ណ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្រោម GPL ។ វា​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ជា​ចម្បង​ជា​កម្មវិធី​កែសម្រួល​រូបភាព ។ GIMP ត្រូវ​បាន​ស្ថាបនា​ឡើង​ដោយ​ផ្អែក​លើ​ GTK+ framework ហេតុ​ដូច្នេះ​អាច​ដំណើរការ​នៅ​លើ​វេទិកា​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា​បាន ។ វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ សម្រាប់​ភារកិច្ច​កែ​សម្រួល​ ដូច​ជា​កែ​សម្រួល​រូប​ថត រៀប​ចំ​រូប​ភាព និង​បង្កើត​រូប​ភាព​ជា​ដើម​ ។ + +អាច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ GIMP កាន់​តែ​ប្រសើរ​ឡើង​ ដោយ​ការប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ និង​ស្គ្រីប​ដែល​អនុវត្ត​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ការ​ស្មុគ្រ​ស្មាញ​ ។ វា​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​បម្លែង​ទ្រង់ទ្រាយ​រូបភាព​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា ។ + +លក្ខណ​ពិសេស និង​សមត្ថភាព​មួយ​ចំនួន​ដែល​ផ្តល់​ដោយ​ GIMP រួម​មាន​ ៖ +ឈុត​ទាំង​មូល​របស់​ឧបករណ៍​គូរ​រួម​មាន​ជក់ ខ្មៅ​ដៃ ការ​ក្លូន ការ​កែ​សម្រួល ការ​ផ្លាស់​ទី និង​ដុត ។ល។ +ឆានែល​អាល់ហ្វា​ទាំង​មូល​គាំ​ទ្រ​ការ​ធ្វើ​ការងារ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ភាព​ថ្លា +ស្រទាប់ និង​ឆានែល +សមត្ថភាព​ស្គ្រីប​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ +មិន​ធ្វើ​វិញ​/ធ្វើ​វិញ​ជាច្រើន​ដង (កំណត់​ត្រឹម​តែ​ទំហំ​ថាស​) +ឧបករណ៍​បម្លែង​រួម​មាន​ការបង្វិល ការ​ធ្វើ​មាត្រដ្ឋាន ការ​កាត់ និង​ការត្រឡប់ +គាំទ្រ​ជួរ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ឯកសារ​ជា​ច្រើន​ ដូច​ជា​ GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP និង​ជាច្រើន​ទៀត +ឧបករណ៍​ជ្រើស​រួម​មាន ត្រីកោណ ពងក្រពើ ការគូសដោយ​សេរី ស្រពិច​ស្រពិល bezier និង​កន្ត្រៃ​ដ៍​អស្ចារ្យ +កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​សម្រាប់​បន្ថែម​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ឯកសារ​ថ្មី​ និង​តម្រង​បែប​ផែន​ថ្មី ។ + + + +ការ​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp +ចំពោះ​ការ​កែ​សម្រួល​ អ្នក​អាច​ប្រើ​ GIMP ជា​កម្មវិធី​​កញ្ចប់​លក្ខណៈ​ពិសេស​ដ៏​មាន​អានុភាពដែល​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​ Adobe's Photoshop ។ នេះ​គឺ​ជា​របៀប​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​នៅ​ក្នុង​ GIMP ៖ + + + +ដំឡើង​ Gimp ពី​​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់ ។ + + + +ដើម្បី​ដំណើរ​ការ​ Gimp ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​Gimp ។ + + + +ក្នុង​ Gimp ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឯកសារ​បើក​ និង​រុក​រក​ទៅកាន់​ថត​ដែល​រក្សា​ទុក​រូបភាព រួច​បើក​វា ។ + + + +ការបើក​រូបភាព​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +មាន​ឧបករណ៍​បី​បួន​ប្រភេទ​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp សម្រាប់​ការកែ​សម្រួល​រូបភាព ដូច​ជា​ឧបករណ៍​ 'ជក់​' និង​ 'ជ័រ​លុប​' ។ + + + +នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ការកែ​សម្រួល​ ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឯកសាររក្សា​ទុក​ ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​របស់​អ្នក ឬ​ប្រើ​ រក្សា​ទុក​ជា​ ដើម្បី​ជៀស​វាង​ការសរសេរ​ជាន់​លើ​រូបភាព​ដើម ។ + + + + + +ការ​បង្កើត​ក្រាហ្វិក +អាច​អនុវត្ត​ការបង្កើត​ក្រាហ្វិក​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp បាន​យ៉ាង​ងាយ ។ មាន​តម្រង និង​ឧបករណ៍​ជា​ច្រើន​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន ដែល​នឹង​​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ក្រាហ្វិកដែល​គួរ​ឲ្យ​ចាប់​អារម្មណ៍ ។ នេះ​ជា​របៀប​បង្កើត​ក្រាហ្វិក ៖ + + +ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​រូបភាព​/ក្រាហ្វិក​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ជា​មួយ​រូប​ភាព​ទទេ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp ។ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ដូច្នេះ​បាន សូម​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ថ្មី រួច​បញ្ចូល​ វិមាត្រ​ របស់​រូបភាព​ថ្មី ។ ចុច​ យល់​ព្រម ។ + + + +ការ​បង្កើត​រូបភាព​ថ្មី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp + + + + + + + + + + +ជា​មួយ​រូបភាព​ទទេ ឧបករណ៍​ជាច្រើន​ទៀត​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​បង្កើតរូបភាព​ល្អ​ឯក! ឧទាហរណ៍ ប្រើ​ឧបករណ៍​អត្ថបទ​ ដែល​សម្គាល់​ដោយ​អក្សរ​ 'A' នៅ​ក្នុង​បង្អួច​ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​អត្ថបទ​មួយ​ចំនួន​ទៅ​​រូបភាព ។ អត្ថបទ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀប​ចំដោយ​ការ​ប្រើ​តម្រង​ និង​បន្ថែម​ពណ៌​ថែម​ទៀត​ទៅ​កាន់​វា ។ +ការបន្ថែម​អត្ថបទ​មួយ​ចំនួន​ទៅ​រូបភាព + + + + + + + + + +នៅ​ពេល​បង្កើត​រូបភាព​ហើយ អាច​រក្សា​ទុក​វាបាន ។ ដើម្បី​រក្សា​ទុក​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង Gimp ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឯកសារ​រក្សា​ទុក​ និង​ជ្រើស​ទីតាំង​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​រក្សា​ទុក​ឯកសារ ។ Gimp ទាម​ទារ​ថា​ត្រូវ​តែ​ជ្រើស​ប្រភេទ​ឯកសារ​សម្រាប់​រូបភាព​ដែល​កំពុង​ត្រូវ​បាន​រក្សា​ទុក​ (png, jpg ជា​ដើម​) ។ ដូច្នេះ​ត្រូវ​តែ​បញ្ជាក់​កន្ទុយ​ឯកសារ​សម្រាប់​រូប​ភាព​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​រក្សា​ទុក​ផង​ដែរ ។ ជម្រើស​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​ជម្រើស​ទាំង​ឡាយ​គឺ​ .xcf ជា​កន្ទុយ​ឯកសារ​លំនាំដើម​សម្រាប់​ Gimp ។ វា​ជា​ប្រភេទ​ឯកសារដែល​ពេញ​និយម​ជាង​គេ​ ដែល​រក្សា​ទុក​នូវ​ប្រវត្តិ​កែ​សម្រួល​រូបភាព ដែល​នឹង​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​បំផុត​ បើ​សិន​ឯកសារ​ដែល​រំពឹង​នោះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​កែសម្រួល​បន្ថែម​ទៀត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp ។ + + + +ការ​រក្សា​ទុក​រូបភាព + + + + + + + + + + + + +សេចក្តី​យោង +ចំពោះ​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ទាំង​មូល​សម្រាប់​ការកែ​សម្រួល និង​បង្កើត​រូបភាព​ និង​ក្រាហ្វិក​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Gimp សូម​មើល​ ការ​បង្រៀន​ និង​ ឯកសារ​ ផ្លូវ​ការ​ពី​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ Gimp ។ ធន​ធាន​បន្ថែម​សម្រាប់​ស្វែង​យល់​អំពី​ GIMP រួម​មាន​ ៖ +កម្មវិធី​បង្រៀន​ Gimp ជា​ផ្លូវ​ការ +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +ការ​យល់​ដឹង​អំពី​ GIMP (សៀវ​ភៅ) + + + + + +Inkscape +Inkscape ជា​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិច​បែប​វ៉ិចទ័រ​ ។ វា​នឹង​ប្រើ​ Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) និង​ស្តង់ដារ​ W3C ដែល​មាន​មូលដ្ឋាន​លើ​ XML ចំហ ជា​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដើម​របស់​វា ។ Inkscape ត្រូវ​បាន​ស្ថាបនា​ឡើង​ដោយ​ផ្អែក​លើ​ GTK+ ហេតុ​ដូច្នេះ​ អាច​ដំណើរ​ការ​នៅ​លើ​វេទិកា​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា​បាន ។ ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ Inkscape ដំឡើង​វា​ដោយ​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់ និង​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​Inkscape +លក្ខណៈ​ពិសេស​មួយ​ចំនួន​របស់​ Inkscape គឺ ៖ +បង្កើត​ពង​ក្រពើ ត្រីកោណ រង្វង់ ផ្លូវ អត្ថបទ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ប្រភេទ​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្សេង​ពី​គ្នា ។ +រៀបចំ ធ្វើ​រចនាប័ទ្ម បង្វិល និង​កែ​សម្រួល​វត្ថុ ។ +ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ប្រើ​ជា​ចម្បង​សម្រាប់​មុខងារ​បម្លែង​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ ។ +កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​មែក​ធាង​ XML សម្រាប់​រៀប​ចំឯកសារ​ SVG ។ + + + +ការ​បង្កើត​រូបភាព​វ៉ិចទ័រ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ Inkscape + +បើក​ Inkscape ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​Inkscape +កំណត់​ទំហំ​រូបភាព​ដោយ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ 'ទទឹង​' និង​ 'កម្ពស់​' របស់​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ឯកសារ​លក្ខណ​សម្បត្តិ​ឯកសារ​ +លក្ខណ​សម្បត្តិ​ឯកសារ + + + + + + + +គូរ​រង្វង់ ត្រីកោណ ពហុកោណ និង​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ឧបករណ៍​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ពី​ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍ រូច​ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ និង​អូស​ទៅ​ក្នុង​រូបភាព ។ +ការគូរ​ជា​រាង + + + +អត្ថបទ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្ថែម​ទៅ​កាន់​រូបភាព​ ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ឧបករណ៍​ 'អត្ថបទ​' (ដែល​សម្គាល់​ដោយ​សញ្ញា​ 'T' នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍) ឬ​ដោយ​ចុច​ T នៅ​លើ​ក្តារ​ចុច រួច​ចុច​ម្តង​ទៀត​នៅលើ​រូបភាព​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដាក់​អត្ថបទ ។ +ការ​បន្ថែម​អត្ថបទ + + + +នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ការកែ​សម្រួល​ រក្សា​ទុក​រូបភាព​ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឯកសារ​រក្សា​ទុក​ ។ រុក​រក​ទៅ​កាន់​ថត​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​រក្សា​ទុក​ឯកសារ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ រួច​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ រក្សា​ទុក​ ។ ឯកសារ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​រក្សា​ទុក​ជា​ Plain SVG ឬ​ជា Inkscape SVG ។ មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​នៅ​ក្នុង​រូបភាព​ Inkscape SVG ដែល​នឹង​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ដោយ​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​រូបភាព​ SVG ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​យោង +ម៉ឺនុយ​ "ជំនួយ​" នៅ​ក្នុង​ Inkscape រួម​មាន​ការ​បង្រៀន ។ ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការ​ប្រើ​ Inkscape អាច​មាន​នៅ​ទី​នេះ ៖ +ការ​បង្រៀនមូលដ្ឋាន​អំពី​ Inkscape +កំណត់​ហេតុ​បណ្តាញ​បង្រៀន​ Inkscape +InkscapeTutorials.net +សេចក្តី​យោង​កណ្តុរ និង​គ្រាប់​ចុច Inkscape + + + + + +សេច​ក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​អំពី​ Blender +Blender គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​ 3D ដែល​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​ក្រោម​ GNU General Public License ។ Blender ផ្តល់​នូវ​វិសាល​គម​ដ៏​ធំ​ទូលាយ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ធ្វើ​ម៉ូដែល ការ​បង្កើត​ជា​វាយនភាព ការដាក់​ពន្លឺ ចលនា និង​ដំណើរ​ការ​ប្រកាស​តាម​វីដេអូ​នៅ​ក្នុង​កញ្ចប់​មួយ ។ Blender ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ពី​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ KPackageKit កម្មវិធី​បើក​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) + + +មូលដ្ឋាន​អំពី Blender +Blender ជា​កម្មវិធី​ដ៏​មាន​អានុភាព​ដែល​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​អនុវត្ត​ភារកិច្ច​ស្មុគ្រ​ស្មាញ និង​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ ដូច​ជា​ការកែ​សម្រួល​វីដេអូ ការ​ធ្វើម៉ូដែល​ 3D និង​ចលនា ។ មគ្គុទ្ទេសន៍​នេះ​ជា​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​សម្រាប់​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​របស់​ Blender ហើយ​ក៏​រួម​បញ្ចូល​នូវ​មុខងារ​ចម្បង​ ដូច​ជា​ការនាំ​ចេញ និង​នាំ​ចូល​រូបភាព​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +បើក​ blender ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​Blender +អេក្រង់​ស្វាគមន៍​របស់​ Blender នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ តាម​ដោយ​បង្អួច​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​បង្អួច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ៖ +Blender Window + + + + + +ចំណុច​កណ្តាល​របស់​អេក្រង់​គឺ​ជា​ទិដ្ឋ​ភាព​មេ​សម្រាប់​បង្កើត​ និង​​មើល​ម៉ូដែល​ 3D ។ ផ្នែក​ខាង​ក្រោម​នៃ​អេក្រង់​គឺ​ជា​ 'បន្ទះ​' ដែល​មាន​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ សម្រាប់​កែ​ប្រែ​គំរូ​សំណាញ់ ។ + +តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​មាន​ប្រអប់​បួន​ជ្រុង​នៅ​ចំ​កណ្តាល​ទិដ្ឋភាព​មេ​ ។ ជាមួយ​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​នៅ​ក្នុង​បង្អួច​មេ​ អាច​បង្វិល​ទិដ្ឋភាព​បាន ដោយ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​កណ្តុរ​កណ្តាល​ និង​អូស​កណ្តុរ ។ នៅ​ពេល​អូស​កណ្តុរ អាច​មើល​វត្ថុ​ពី​ជ្រុង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​បាន ។ ព្រួញ​បី​តំណាង​ឲ្យ​អ័ក្ស​បី ៖ X, Y និង​ Z ។ +ការ​បង្វិល​ទិដ្ឋភាព + + + + + +អាច​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​បាន​ផង​ដែរ ដោយ​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​នៅ​ក្នុង​បន្ទះ​លេខ ។ ការ​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ "1" នៅ​ក្នុង​បន្ទះ​លេខ​នឹង​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ទិដ្ឋភាព ។ ការចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ "7" នឹង​ត្រឡប់​ទៅកាន់​ទិដ្ឋភាព​លំនាំ​ដើម ។ + +វត្ថុ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ជ្រើស​ដោយ​ចុច​ 'ប៊ូតុង​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ' វត្ថុ​ទាំង​អស់​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ជ្រើស ឬ​ដោះជ្រើស​ ដោយ​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ A នៅ​លើ​ក្តារ​ចុច ។ + +លុប​ប្រអប់​គូប​លំនាំ​ដើម​នៅ​ក្នុង​បង្អួច​មេ ដោយ​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ X នៅ​លើ​ក្តារ​ចុច បន្ទាប់​មកចុច​ បញ្ចូល (Enter) ។ + +បន្ទាប់ បន្ថែម​សំណាញ់​/វត្ថុថ្មី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ទិដ្ឋភាព​ដោយ​ចុច​ ចន្លោះ​មិន​ឃើញ រួច​ជ្រើស​ បន្ថែម​សំណាញ់​UVSphere ជ្រើស​ការកំណត់​លំនាំ​ដើម​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ រួច​ចុច​ យល់​ព្រម​. +បន្ថែម​សំណាញ់​ថ្មី + + + + + +ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី​វត្ថុ​ថ្មី ដំបូង​ជ្រើស​វា​សិន​ (ដោយ​ចុច​លើ​វា​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ប៊ូតុង​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ) និង​ចុច​ 'G' លើក្តារចុច​ ។ ឥឡូវ​អូស​កណ្តុរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ទិស​ណា​មួយ​ ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី​វត្ថុ​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ទិស​នោះ ។ ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី​វត្ថុ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ទិស​ដែល​បាន​បញ្ជាក់​ ចុច​ G តាម​ដោយ​អ័ក្ស​របស់​ទិស​នោះ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ៖ ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី​វត្ថុ​នៅ​ក្នុង​អ័ក្ស​ Z ចុច​ G បន្ទាប់​មក​ចុច​ Z ។ + +ដើម្បី​បង្វិលវត្ថុ ចុច​ R រួច​បង្វិល​ដោយ​ប្រើ​កណ្តុរ ។ អាច​បង្វិល​វត្ថុ​នៅ​ជុំ​វិញ​អ័ក្ស​ដែល​បាន​បញ្ជាក់​បាន ដោយ​ចុច​ X, Y ឬ​ Z បន្ទាប់​ពី​ចុច​ R ។ + +នៅ​ពេល​បន្ថែម​វត្ថុ​ទាំង​អស់​រួច​ហើយ អាច​បង្ហាញ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​បាន ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ បង្ហាញ​បង្ហាញ​ស៊ុម​បច្ចុប្បន្ន ឬ​ដោយ​ចុច​ F12 ។ + +រក្សា​ទុក​រូបភាព​ដែល​បាន​បញ្ចប់​ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ ឯកសារ​រក្សា​ទុក​ ។ ឬ​ចុច​ បញ្ជា(Ctrl)W ។ បញ្ចូល​ឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ ជ្រើស​ផ្លូវ រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម ។ + + + + + +សេចក្តី​យោង +ធន​ធាន​របស់​ Blender ៖ +ប័ណ្ណសារ​កម្មវិធី​បង្រៀន​ Blender +ការ​បង្រៀន​វីដេអូអំពី Blender +ការ​បង្រៀន​វីដេអូ​ក្នុង​ Blender +សៀវភៅ​របស់ Blender + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/oc/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/oc/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/oc/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/oc/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,842 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Creating and Editing Graphics in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about creating and editing graphics in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduccion + + +There are many free and open source graphics and image editing applications +available for Kubuntu such as GIMP, +Blender, InkScape and +more. These applications are not part of a default Kubuntu installation. +However, they can be installed easily with the package manager +KpackageKit. This topic is an introduction to common +tasks in graphics editing applications, such as editing images, creating new +images, saving your work, and so forth. + + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + +GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) is a free raster graphics editor +licensed under GPL. It is primarily used as an image retouching and editing +tool. GIMP is built upon the GTK+ framework and thus can run on a variety of +platforms. It is used for graphics editing tasks such as photo editing, +image composition and image creation. + + + +GIMP can be enhanced by the use of plugins and scripts that perform complex +operations. It can also be used to convert different image formats. + + + +Some of the features and capabilities offered by GIMP include: + + +A full suite of painting tools including brushes, a pencil, an +airbrush, cloning, healing, dodge and burn, and more +Full Alpha channel support for working with transparency +Layers and channels +Advanced scripting capabilities +Multiple undo/redo (limited only by disk +space) +Transformation tools including rotate, scale, shear and +flip +Support for a wide range of file formats, including GIF, JPEG, PNG, +XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP and many others +Selection tools, including rectangle, ellipse, free, fuzzy, +bezier and intelligent scissors +Plug-ins to add new file formats and new effect +filters. + + + + +Editing Graphics In Gimp +For editing images you can use GIMP, a +powerful and feature-packed application similar to Adobe's Photoshop. +Here's how to edit graphics in GIMP: + + + + + +Install Gimp from the package manager. + + + + + +To run Gimp, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + + +In Gimp, go to + +File +Open + and navigate to the folder where the image is stored and open it. + + + + +Opening an image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + + +There are several tools available in Gimp for editing +the image, such as the 'Brush' and the 'Eraser' tools. + + + + + +When the editing is complete, go to + +File +Save + to save your file, or use Save As to +avoid overwriting the original image. + + + + + + +Creating Gaphics +Creating graphics can be accomplished in Gimp +easily. There are many filters and tools available that can be used to create +stunning graphics. +Here's how to create graphics: + + + +To create images/graphics, start with an empty image in +Gimp. To do this, go to + +File +New + and enter the dimensions of the new image. +Press OK. + + + + +Creating a new image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +With an empty image, any of the numerous tools available in +Gimp can be used to create a masterpiece! +For example, use the text tool, marked with a 'A' in the toolbox +window, to add some text to the image. The text can then be manipulated by using +filters and adding more color to it. + +Adding some text to the image + + + + + + + + + + + +When the image has been created, it can be saved. To save a file in Gimp, +go to + +File +Save + and choose a location where the file will be saved. +Gimp requires that that a file type be selected for +the image being saved (png, jpg etc.). So the file extension must be specified +for the image being saved. One of the choices, .xcf, is the default +extension for Gimp. It is the preferred file type +that maintains the edit history of the image, which is helpful if the file is +expected to be edited further in Gimp. + + + + +Saving the image + + + + + + + + + + + + +Referéncias + +For a complete guide to editing and creating images and graphics in +Gimp, please see the tutorials and the official documentation from the Gimp website. +More resources for learning GIMP include: + +Official Gimp Tutorials +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Book) + + + + + + +Inkscape + +Inkscape is a vector graphics editor application. It +uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), an open XML-based W3C standard, as its +native format. Inkscape is built on GTK+ and therefore can run on a variety of +different platforms.To run Inkscape, install it with the package manager +and go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + + +Some features of Inkscape are: + +Create ellipses, rectangles, circles, paths, text using the +different types of tools available. +Manipulate, style, rotate and edit objects. +Command-line interface, primarily for format conversion +functions. +XML tree editor for manipulating SVG +documents. + + + + +Creating Vector Images With Inkscape + +Open Inkscape by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + +Set the image size by changing the 'width' and 'height' of the +document in FileDocument +Properties + +Proprietats del document + + + + + + + + + +Draw circles, rectangles, polygons etc. by selecting the appropriate tool from +the toolbox and then click the mouse and drag in the image. + +Drawing Shapes + + + + + +Text can be added to the image by selecting the 'Text' tool (marked with an 'T' +symbol in the toolbox) or by pressing T on the keyboard and +clicking once in the image where the text will be placed. + +Adding Text + + + + + +When the editing is complete, save the image by going to +FileSave. +Navigate to the folder where the file should be saved, enter a filename, and hit +Save. Files can be saved as Plain SVG or as Inkscape +SVG. There is additional information in Inkscape SVG images that is not used by +other SVG image editors. + + + + + +Referéncias +The "Help" menu in Inkscape includes tutorials. Additional information +about using Inkscape is available: + +Inkscape Basic Tutorial +The Inkscape Tutorials Weblog +InkscapeTutorials.net +Inkscape Keys and Mouse Reference + + + + + + +An Introduction To Blender + +Blender is a 3D graphics application, released under +the GNU General Public License. Blender provides a broad spectrum of modeling, +texturing, lighting, animation and video post-processing functionality in one +package. Blender can be installed from the package manager +KPackageKit; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) + + + +Blender Basics + +Blender is a powerful application that can be used to +perform advanced and complex tasks, such as video editing, 3D modeling and +animation. This guide is an introduction to the Blender interface, and also +covers basic functions like Exporting and Importing an image. + + + +Open blender by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender +The Blender's splash screen will appear, +followed by a window similar to the one below: + +Blender Window + + + + + + +The center of the screen is the main view for creating and viewing +3D models. The bottom portion of the screen is the 'Panel', which has controls +to modify mesh models. + + +By default there is a square in the center of the main view. With +the cursor in the main window, the view can be rotated by pressing the middle +mouse button and dragging the mouse. As the mouse is dragged, the object can be +viewed from different angles. Three arrows represent the three axes: X, Y +and Z. + +Rotating View + + + + + + + +Views can also be changed by pressing the keys in the number keypad. +Pressing the "1" key in the number keypad changes the view. Pressing the "7" +key returns to the default view. + + + +Objects are selected by clickin the 'Right Mouse Button', All objects can be +selected or deselected by pressing the A key on the keyboard. + + + +Delete the default cube in the main window by pressing the X +key on the keyboard and then pressing Enter. + + + +Next, add a new mesh/object in the scene by pressing Spacebar and +selecting +AddMeshUVSphere +Choose the default settings in the dialog and press +OK. + +Adding a new mesh + + + + + + + +To move the new object, first select it (by clicking on it with the Right Mouse +Button), and press 'G' on the keyboard. Now drag the mouse in any direction to +move the object in that direction. To move the object in a specific direction, +press G followed by the axis of that direction. For example: +To move an object in the Z axis, press G and then +Z. + + + +To rotate the object, press R and rotate using the mouse. The +object can be rotated around a specific axis by pressing X, +Y or Z after pressing R. + + + +When all objects have been added, the scene can be rendered by going to +RenderRender +Current Frame or by pressing F12. + + + +Save the finished image by selecting +FileSave. +or press CtrlW. Enter the +filename, choose a path and press the OK button. + + + + + + +Referéncias +Blender resources: + +Blender Tutorials Archive +Blender Video Tutorials +Blender Underground Video Tutorials +Blender Books + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/pt_BR/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/pt_BR/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/pt_BR/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/pt_BR/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Criação e edição de imagens em <phrase> Kubuntu> phrase></phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento é sobre a criação e edição gráfica no Kubuntu. + + + + +Introdução + +Há muitos gráficos livre e de código aberto e aplicações de edição de imagem disponível para o Kubuntu, como GIMP,> Blender, InkScape e muito mais. Esses aplicativos nKubuntu instalaKpackageKit. Este t + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) +GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) é um editor grátis de gráficos rasterizados licenciado sob a GPL. Ele é utilizado primeriamente como uma ferramenta de retoque e edição de imagens. O GIMP é construído a partir da estrutura GTK+, e portanto pode ser executado em diversas plataformas. Ele é utilizado para tarefas de edição gráfica tais como: edição de fotos, composição de imagens e criação de imagens. + +O GIMP pode ser melhorado pelo use de plug-ins and roteiros que executam operações complexas. Eles também podem ser usados para a conversão entre diferentes formatos de imagens. + +Alguns dos recursos e capacidades oferecidos pelo GIMP incluem: +Uma sute completa de ferramentas de pintura,incluindo pincéis, um lápis, um aerógrafo, clonagem, restauração dodge e burn, e mais. +Suporte completo a canal Alfa, para trabalhar com transparência. +Camadas e Canais +Capacidade avançada de execução de scripts +Multiplos níveis de desfazer/refazer (limitado apenas pelo espaço em disco) +Ferramentas de transformação, incluindo rotação, escala, distorção e inversão +Suporte para uma vasta gama de formatos de arquivo, incluindo GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP e muitos outros. +Ferramentas de seleção, incluindo retângulo, elipse, livre, seleção indefinida, curvas Bézier e tesouras inteligentes +Plug-ins para adicionar novos formatos de arquivos e novos filtros de efeito. + + + +Editando gráficos no Gimp +Para editar imagens você pode usar o GIMP, um aplicativo poderoso e cheio de recursos similar ao Adobe Photoshop. Aqui explica como editar imagens com o GIMP: + + + +Instale o Gimp do gerenciador de pacotes. + + + +Para iniciar o Gimp, vá em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosGimp. + + + +No Gimp, vá em ArquivoAbrir e navegue até a pasta onde a imagem está guardada e a abra. + + + +Abrindo uma imagem no Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +Há várias ferramentas disponíveis no Gimp para editar a imagem, como o 'Pincel' e a 'Borracha'. + + + +Quando a edição estiver completa, vá em ArquivoSalvar para salvar o seu arquivo, ou use Salvar como para evitar sobrescrever a imagem original. + + + + + +Criando gráficos +Criar imagens com o Gimp pode ser feito facilmente. Há muitos filtros e ferramentas disponíveis que podem ser usadas para criar imagens surpreendentes. Aqui explica como criar imagens: + + +Para criar imagens/gráficos, inicie com uma imagem vazia no Gimp. Para fazer isso, vá em ArquivoNovo e digite as dimensões da nova imagem. Pressione OK. + + + +Criando uma nova imagem no Gimp + + + + + + + + + + +Com uma imagem vazia, qualquer uma das numerosas ferramentas disponíveis no Gimp podem ser usadas para criar uma obra de arte! Por exemplo, use a ferramenta de texto, marcada com um 'A' na janela da caixa de ferramentas, para adicionar algum texto à imagem. O texto pode então ser manipulado usando filtros e adicionando mais cor a ele. +Adicionando texto à imagem + + + + + + + + + +Quando a imagem for criada, ela pode ser salva. Para salvar um arquivo no Gimp, vá em ArquivoSalvar e escolha onde o arquivo deve ser salvo. O Gimp requer que um tipo de arquivo seja selecionado para que a imagem seja salva (png, jpg etc.). Então a extensão do arquivo deve ser informada para que a imagem seja salva. Uma dessas escolhas, .xcf, é a extensão padrão do Gimp. Ela é a melhor extensão que mantém o histórico de edição da imagem, o que pode ser útil se a imagem tiver de ser editada novamente no Gimp. + + + +Salvando a imagem + + + + + + + + + + + + +Referências +Para um guia completo sobre editar e criar imagens e gráficos no Gimp, por favor veja os tutorials e a documentação oficial no site do Gimp. Mais recursos para aprender sobre o GIMP são: +Tutoriais oficiais do Gimp +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Livro) + + + + + +Inkscape +Inkscape é um aplicativo de edição de gráficos vetoriais. Ele utiliza Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), um padrão W3C aberto, baseado em XML, como seu formato nativo. Inkscape é construído a partir do GTK+, e portanto pode ser executado em diveras plataformas diferentes.Para executar o Inkscape, instale-o com o gerenciador de pacotes e vá até Lançador de Aplicativos Kickoff AplicativosGráficosInkscape +Alguns recursos do Inkscapesão: +Crie elipses, retângulos, círculos, caminhos e textos usando os diferentes tipos de ferramentas disponíveis. +Manipule, modifique estilos, gire e edite objetos. +Interface da linha de comando, usada principalmente para funções de conversão de formatos. +Editor de árvore XML para manipulação de documentos SVG. + + + +Criando imagens vetoriais com o Inkscape + +Abrao o Inkscape indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosInkscape +Configure o tamanho da imagem mudando a 'largura' e 'altura' do documento em ArquivoPropriedades do documento +Propriedades do documento + + + + + + + +Desenhe círculos, retângulos, polígonos etc. selecionando a ferramenta certa na caixa de ferramentas e então clique nela e arraste até a imagem. +Desenhando formas + + + +Texto pode ser adicionado à imagem selecionando a ferramenta 'Texto' (marcada com o símbolo 'T' na caixa de ferramentas) ou pressionando T no teclado e clicando uma vez na imagem onde o texto será colocado. +Adicionando texto + + + +Quando a edição estiver completa, salve a imagem indo em ArquivoSalvar. Navegue até a pasta onde o arquivo deve ser salvo, digite um nome para o arquivo, e clique em Salvar. Arquivos podem ser salvos como Plain SVG ou Inkscape SVG. Há informações adicionais sobre as imagens Inkscape SVG que não são usadas por outros editores de imagens SVG. + + + + +Referências +O menu "Ajuda" no Inkscape inclui tutoriais. Informações adicionar sobre como usar o Inkscape estão disponíveis: +Tutorial básico do Inkscape +O blog de tutoriais do Inkscape +InkscapeTutorials.net +Referência de teclas e mouse do Inkscape + + + + + +Uma introdução ao Blender +Blender é um aplicativo de gráficos 3D, lançado sob a licença GNU General Public License. Blender oferece um amplo espectro de modelagem, texturização, iluminação, animação e funcionalidades de pós-processamento de vídeo em um único pacote. Blender pode ser instalado do gerenciador de pacotes KPackageKit; Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaGerenciamento de software (KPackageKit) + + +O básico do Blender +Blender é um aplicativo poderoso que pode ser usado para desempenhar tarefas avançadas e complexas, como edição de vídeo, modelagem 3D e animações. Este guia é uma introdução à interface do Blender, e também cobre funções básicos como exportar e importar uma imagem. + + +Inicie o Blender indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosBlender +A tela de inicialização do Blender irá aparecer, seguida de uma janela similar à que está abaixo: +Janela do Blender + + + + + +O centro da tela é a área principal para a criação e visualização de modelos 3D. A parte inferior da tela é o 'Painel', que possui controles para modificar modelos de malhas. + +Por padrão há um quadrado no centro da tela principal. Com o cursor na janela principal, a visão pode ser rotacionada pressionando o botão médio do mouse e arrastando o mouse. Quando o mouse é arrastado, o objeto por ser visto de ângulos diferentes. Três flechas representam os três eixos: X, Y e Z. +Rotacionando visão + + + + + +A visão também pode ser mudada pressionando as teclas do teclado numérico. Pressionando a tecla "1" do teclado numérico muda a visão. Pressionar a tecla "7" retorna a visão padrão. + +Objetos são selecionando clicando com o 'Botão direito do mouse'. Todos os objetos podem ser selecionados ou desselecionados pressionado a tecla A no teclado. + +Delete o cubo padrão na janela principal pressionando a tecla X no teclado e então pressionando Enter. + +A seguir, adicione um(a) novo(a) malha/objeto à cena pressionando Barra de espaço e selecionando AdicionarMalhaEsfera UV Escolha a configuração padrão na caixa de diálogo e pressione OK. +Adicionar uma nova malha + + + + + +Para mover um novo objeto, primeiro selecione-o (clicando nele com o botão direito do mouse), e pressionando 'G' no teclado. Agora arraste o mouse em qualquer direção para mover o objeto para aquela direção. Para mover o objeto em uma direção específica, pressione G seguido do eixo daquela direção. Por exemplo: Para mover um objeto no eixo Z, pressione G e então Z; + +Para rotacionar o objeto, pressione R e então rotacione usando o mouse. O objeto pode ser rotacionado ao redor de um eixo específico pressionando X, Y ou Z depois de ter pressionado R + +Quando todos os objetos foram adicionados, a cena pode ser renderizada indo em RenderizadorRenderizar o quadro atual ou pressionando F12 + +Salve a imagem final selecionando ArquivoSalvar. ou pressionando CtrlW. Digite o nome do arquivo, escolha o diretório e pressione o botão OK. + + + + + +Referências +Recursos do Blender: +Arquivo de tutoriais do Blender +Tutoriais do Blender em vídeo +Tutoriais em vídeo do Blender Underground +Livros sobre o Blender + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/sk/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/sk/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/sk/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/sk/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,842 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Creating and Editing Graphics in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about creating and editing graphics in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduction + + +There are many free and open source graphics and image editing applications +available for Kubuntu such as GIMP, +Blender, InkScape and +more. These applications are not part of a default Kubuntu installation. +However, they can be installed easily with the package manager +KpackageKit. This topic is an introduction to common +tasks in graphics editing applications, such as editing images, creating new +images, saving your work, and so forth. + + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + +GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) is a free raster graphics editor +licensed under GPL. It is primarily used as an image retouching and editing +tool. GIMP is built upon the GTK+ framework and thus can run on a variety of +platforms. It is used for graphics editing tasks such as photo editing, +image composition and image creation. + + + +GIMP can be enhanced by the use of plugins and scripts that perform complex +operations. It can also be used to convert different image formats. + + + +Some of the features and capabilities offered by GIMP include: + + +A full suite of painting tools including brushes, a pencil, an +airbrush, cloning, healing, dodge and burn, and more +Full Alpha channel support for working with transparency +Layers and channels +Advanced scripting capabilities +Multiple undo/redo (limited only by disk +space) +Transformation tools including rotate, scale, shear and +flip +Support for a wide range of file formats, including GIF, JPEG, PNG, +XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP and many others +Selection tools, including rectangle, ellipse, free, fuzzy, +bezier and intelligent scissors +Plug-ins to add new file formats and new effect +filters. + + + + +Editing Graphics In Gimp +For editing images you can use GIMP, a +powerful and feature-packed application similar to Adobe's Photoshop. +Here's how to edit graphics in GIMP: + + + + + +Install Gimp from the package manager. + + + + + +To run Gimp, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + + +In Gimp, go to + +File +Open + and navigate to the folder where the image is stored and open it. + + + + +Opening an image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + + +There are several tools available in Gimp for editing +the image, such as the 'Brush' and the 'Eraser' tools. + + + + + +When the editing is complete, go to + +File +Save + to save your file, or use Save As to +avoid overwriting the original image. + + + + + + +Creating Gaphics +Creating graphics can be accomplished in Gimp +easily. There are many filters and tools available that can be used to create +stunning graphics. +Here's how to create graphics: + + + +To create images/graphics, start with an empty image in +Gimp. To do this, go to + +File +New + and enter the dimensions of the new image. +Press OK. + + + + +Creating a new image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +With an empty image, any of the numerous tools available in +Gimp can be used to create a masterpiece! +For example, use the text tool, marked with a 'A' in the toolbox +window, to add some text to the image. The text can then be manipulated by using +filters and adding more color to it. + +Adding some text to the image + + + + + + + + + + + +When the image has been created, it can be saved. To save a file in Gimp, +go to + +File +Save + and choose a location where the file will be saved. +Gimp requires that that a file type be selected for +the image being saved (png, jpg etc.). So the file extension must be specified +for the image being saved. One of the choices, .xcf, is the default +extension for Gimp. It is the preferred file type +that maintains the edit history of the image, which is helpful if the file is +expected to be edited further in Gimp. + + + + +Saving the image + + + + + + + + + + + + +References + +For a complete guide to editing and creating images and graphics in +Gimp, please see the tutorials and the official documentation from the Gimp website. +More resources for learning GIMP include: + +Official Gimp Tutorials +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Book) + + + + + + +Inkscape + +Inkscape is a vector graphics editor application. It +uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), an open XML-based W3C standard, as its +native format. Inkscape is built on GTK+ and therefore can run on a variety of +different platforms.To run Inkscape, install it with the package manager +and go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + + +Some features of Inkscape are: + +Create ellipses, rectangles, circles, paths, text using the +different types of tools available. +Manipulate, style, rotate and edit objects. +Command-line interface, primarily for format conversion +functions. +XML tree editor for manipulating SVG +documents. + + + + +Creating Vector Images With Inkscape + +Open Inkscape by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + +Set the image size by changing the 'width' and 'height' of the +document in FileDocument +Properties + +Document Properties + + + + + + + + + +Draw circles, rectangles, polygons etc. by selecting the appropriate tool from +the toolbox and then click the mouse and drag in the image. + +Drawing Shapes + + + + + +Text can be added to the image by selecting the 'Text' tool (marked with an 'T' +symbol in the toolbox) or by pressing T on the keyboard and +clicking once in the image where the text will be placed. + +Adding Text + + + + + +When the editing is complete, save the image by going to +FileSave. +Navigate to the folder where the file should be saved, enter a filename, and hit +Save. Files can be saved as Plain SVG or as Inkscape +SVG. There is additional information in Inkscape SVG images that is not used by +other SVG image editors. + + + + + +References +The "Help" menu in Inkscape includes tutorials. Additional information +about using Inkscape is available: + +Inkscape Basic Tutorial +The Inkscape Tutorials Weblog +InkscapeTutorials.net +Inkscape Keys and Mouse Reference + + + + + + +An Introduction To Blender + +Blender is a 3D graphics application, released under +the GNU General Public License. Blender provides a broad spectrum of modeling, +texturing, lighting, animation and video post-processing functionality in one +package. Blender can be installed from the package manager +KPackageKit; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) + + + +Blender Basics + +Blender is a powerful application that can be used to +perform advanced and complex tasks, such as video editing, 3D modeling and +animation. This guide is an introduction to the Blender interface, and also +covers basic functions like Exporting and Importing an image. + + + +Open blender by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender +The Blender's splash screen will appear, +followed by a window similar to the one below: + +Blender Window + + + + + + +The center of the screen is the main view for creating and viewing +3D models. The bottom portion of the screen is the 'Panel', which has controls +to modify mesh models. + + +By default there is a square in the center of the main view. With +the cursor in the main window, the view can be rotated by pressing the middle +mouse button and dragging the mouse. As the mouse is dragged, the object can be +viewed from different angles. Three arrows represent the three axes: X, Y +and Z. + +Rotating View + + + + + + + +Views can also be changed by pressing the keys in the number keypad. +Pressing the "1" key in the number keypad changes the view. Pressing the "7" +key returns to the default view. + + + +Objects are selected by clickin the 'Right Mouse Button', All objects can be +selected or deselected by pressing the A key on the keyboard. + + + +Delete the default cube in the main window by pressing the X +key on the keyboard and then pressing Enter. + + + +Next, add a new mesh/object in the scene by pressing Spacebar and +selecting +AddMeshUVSphere +Choose the default settings in the dialog and press +OK. + +Adding a new mesh + + + + + + + +To move the new object, first select it (by clicking on it with the Right Mouse +Button), and press 'G' on the keyboard. Now drag the mouse in any direction to +move the object in that direction. To move the object in a specific direction, +press G followed by the axis of that direction. For example: +To move an object in the Z axis, press G and then +Z. + + + +To rotate the object, press R and rotate using the mouse. The +object can be rotated around a specific axis by pressing X, +Y or Z after pressing R. + + + +When all objects have been added, the scene can be rendered by going to +RenderRender +Current Frame or by pressing F12. + + + +Save the finished image by selecting +FileSave. +or press CtrlW. Enter the +filename, choose a path and press the OK button. + + + + + + +References +Blender resources: + +Blender Tutorials Archive +Blender Video Tutorials +Blender Underground Video Tutorials +Blender Books + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/sr/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/sr/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/sr/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/sr/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,842 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Creating and Editing Graphics in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about creating and editing graphics in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduction + + +There are many free and open source graphics and image editing applications +available for Kubuntu such as GIMP, +Blender, InkScape and +more. These applications are not part of a default Kubuntu installation. +However, they can be installed easily with the package manager +KpackageKit. This topic is an introduction to common +tasks in graphics editing applications, such as editing images, creating new +images, saving your work, and so forth. + + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + +GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) is a free raster graphics editor +licensed under GPL. It is primarily used as an image retouching and editing +tool. GIMP is built upon the GTK+ framework and thus can run on a variety of +platforms. It is used for graphics editing tasks such as photo editing, +image composition and image creation. + + + +GIMP can be enhanced by the use of plugins and scripts that perform complex +operations. It can also be used to convert different image formats. + + + +Some of the features and capabilities offered by GIMP include: + + +A full suite of painting tools including brushes, a pencil, an +airbrush, cloning, healing, dodge and burn, and more +Full Alpha channel support for working with transparency +Layers and channels +Advanced scripting capabilities +Multiple undo/redo (limited only by disk +space) +Transformation tools including rotate, scale, shear and +flip +Support for a wide range of file formats, including GIF, JPEG, PNG, +XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP and many others +Selection tools, including rectangle, ellipse, free, fuzzy, +bezier and intelligent scissors +Plug-ins to add new file formats and new effect +filters. + + + + +Editing Graphics In Gimp +For editing images you can use GIMP, a +powerful and feature-packed application similar to Adobe's Photoshop. +Here's how to edit graphics in GIMP: + + + + + +Install Gimp from the package manager. + + + + + +To run Gimp, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + + +In Gimp, go to + +File +Open + and navigate to the folder where the image is stored and open it. + + + + +Opening an image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + + +There are several tools available in Gimp for editing +the image, such as the 'Brush' and the 'Eraser' tools. + + + + + +When the editing is complete, go to + +File +Save + to save your file, or use Save As to +avoid overwriting the original image. + + + + + + +Creating Gaphics +Creating graphics can be accomplished in Gimp +easily. There are many filters and tools available that can be used to create +stunning graphics. +Here's how to create graphics: + + + +To create images/graphics, start with an empty image in +Gimp. To do this, go to + +File +New + and enter the dimensions of the new image. +Press OK. + + + + +Creating a new image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +With an empty image, any of the numerous tools available in +Gimp can be used to create a masterpiece! +For example, use the text tool, marked with a 'A' in the toolbox +window, to add some text to the image. The text can then be manipulated by using +filters and adding more color to it. + +Adding some text to the image + + + + + + + + + + + +When the image has been created, it can be saved. To save a file in Gimp, +go to + +File +Save + and choose a location where the file will be saved. +Gimp requires that that a file type be selected for +the image being saved (png, jpg etc.). So the file extension must be specified +for the image being saved. One of the choices, .xcf, is the default +extension for Gimp. It is the preferred file type +that maintains the edit history of the image, which is helpful if the file is +expected to be edited further in Gimp. + + + + +Saving the image + + + + + + + + + + + + +References + +For a complete guide to editing and creating images and graphics in +Gimp, please see the tutorials and the official documentation from the Gimp website. +More resources for learning GIMP include: + +Official Gimp Tutorials +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Book) + + + + + + +Inkscape + +Inkscape is a vector graphics editor application. It +uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), an open XML-based W3C standard, as its +native format. Inkscape is built on GTK+ and therefore can run on a variety of +different platforms.To run Inkscape, install it with the package manager +and go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + + +Some features of Inkscape are: + +Create ellipses, rectangles, circles, paths, text using the +different types of tools available. +Manipulate, style, rotate and edit objects. +Command-line interface, primarily for format conversion +functions. +XML tree editor for manipulating SVG +documents. + + + + +Creating Vector Images With Inkscape + +Open Inkscape by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + +Set the image size by changing the 'width' and 'height' of the +document in FileDocument +Properties + +Document Properties + + + + + + + + + +Draw circles, rectangles, polygons etc. by selecting the appropriate tool from +the toolbox and then click the mouse and drag in the image. + +Drawing Shapes + + + + + +Text can be added to the image by selecting the 'Text' tool (marked with an 'T' +symbol in the toolbox) or by pressing T on the keyboard and +clicking once in the image where the text will be placed. + +Adding Text + + + + + +When the editing is complete, save the image by going to +FileSave. +Navigate to the folder where the file should be saved, enter a filename, and hit +Save. Files can be saved as Plain SVG or as Inkscape +SVG. There is additional information in Inkscape SVG images that is not used by +other SVG image editors. + + + + + +References +The "Help" menu in Inkscape includes tutorials. Additional information +about using Inkscape is available: + +Inkscape Basic Tutorial +The Inkscape Tutorials Weblog +InkscapeTutorials.net +Inkscape Keys and Mouse Reference + + + + + + +An Introduction To Blender + +Blender is a 3D graphics application, released under +the GNU General Public License. Blender provides a broad spectrum of modeling, +texturing, lighting, animation and video post-processing functionality in one +package. Blender can be installed from the package manager +KPackageKit; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) + + + +Blender Basics + +Blender is a powerful application that can be used to +perform advanced and complex tasks, such as video editing, 3D modeling and +animation. This guide is an introduction to the Blender interface, and also +covers basic functions like Exporting and Importing an image. + + + +Open blender by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender +The Blender's splash screen will appear, +followed by a window similar to the one below: + +Blender Window + + + + + + +The center of the screen is the main view for creating and viewing +3D models. The bottom portion of the screen is the 'Panel', which has controls +to modify mesh models. + + +By default there is a square in the center of the main view. With +the cursor in the main window, the view can be rotated by pressing the middle +mouse button and dragging the mouse. As the mouse is dragged, the object can be +viewed from different angles. Three arrows represent the three axes: X, Y +and Z. + +Rotating View + + + + + + + +Views can also be changed by pressing the keys in the number keypad. +Pressing the "1" key in the number keypad changes the view. Pressing the "7" +key returns to the default view. + + + +Objects are selected by clickin the 'Right Mouse Button', All objects can be +selected or deselected by pressing the A key on the keyboard. + + + +Delete the default cube in the main window by pressing the X +key on the keyboard and then pressing Enter. + + + +Next, add a new mesh/object in the scene by pressing Spacebar and +selecting +AddMeshUVSphere +Choose the default settings in the dialog and press +OK. + +Adding a new mesh + + + + + + + +To move the new object, first select it (by clicking on it with the Right Mouse +Button), and press 'G' on the keyboard. Now drag the mouse in any direction to +move the object in that direction. To move the object in a specific direction, +press G followed by the axis of that direction. For example: +To move an object in the Z axis, press G and then +Z. + + + +To rotate the object, press R and rotate using the mouse. The +object can be rotated around a specific axis by pressing X, +Y or Z after pressing R. + + + +When all objects have been added, the scene can be rendered by going to +RenderRender +Current Frame or by pressing F12. + + + +Save the finished image by selecting +FileSave. +or press CtrlW. Enter the +filename, choose a path and press the OK button. + + + + + + +References +Blender resources: + +Blender Tutorials Archive +Blender Video Tutorials +Blender Underground Video Tutorials +Blender Books + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/sv/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/sv/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/sv/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/sv/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,842 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Skapa och redigera grafik i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about creating and editing graphics in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduktion + + +There are many free and open source graphics and image editing applications +available for Kubuntu such as GIMP, +Blender, InkScape and +more. These applications are not part of a default Kubuntu installation. +However, they can be installed easily with the package manager +KpackageKit. This topic is an introduction to common +tasks in graphics editing applications, such as editing images, creating new +images, saving your work, and so forth. + + + + + +GIMP (GNU:s bildmanipuleringsprogram) + +GIMP (The GNU Image Manipulation Program) is a free raster graphics editor +licensed under GPL. It is primarily used as an image retouching and editing +tool. GIMP is built upon the GTK+ framework and thus can run on a variety of +platforms. It is used for graphics editing tasks such as photo editing, +image composition and image creation. + + + +GIMP can be enhanced by the use of plugins and scripts that perform complex +operations. It can also be used to convert different image formats. + + + +Some of the features and capabilities offered by GIMP include: + + +A full suite of painting tools including brushes, a pencil, an +airbrush, cloning, healing, dodge and burn, and more +Full Alpha channel support for working with transparency +Lager och kanaler +Advanced scripting capabilities +Multiple undo/redo (limited only by disk +space) +Transformation tools including rotate, scale, shear and +flip +Support for a wide range of file formats, including GIF, JPEG, PNG, +XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP and many others +Selection tools, including rectangle, ellipse, free, fuzzy, +bezier and intelligent scissors +Plug-ins to add new file formats and new effect +filters. + + + + +Editing Graphics In Gimp +For editing images you can use GIMP, a +powerful and feature-packed application similar to Adobe's Photoshop. +Here's how to edit graphics in GIMP: + + + + + +Install Gimp from the package manager. + + + + + +To run Gimp, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + + +In Gimp, go to + +File +Open + and navigate to the folder where the image is stored and open it. + + + + +Opening an image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + + +There are several tools available in Gimp for editing +the image, such as the 'Brush' and the 'Eraser' tools. + + + + + +When the editing is complete, go to + +File +Save + to save your file, or use Save As to +avoid overwriting the original image. + + + + + + +Creating Gaphics +Creating graphics can be accomplished in Gimp +easily. There are many filters and tools available that can be used to create +stunning graphics. +Here's how to create graphics: + + + +To create images/graphics, start with an empty image in +Gimp. To do this, go to + +File +New + and enter the dimensions of the new image. +Press OK. + + + + +Creating a new image in Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +With an empty image, any of the numerous tools available in +Gimp can be used to create a masterpiece! +For example, use the text tool, marked with a 'A' in the toolbox +window, to add some text to the image. The text can then be manipulated by using +filters and adding more color to it. + +Adding some text to the image + + + + + + + + + + + +When the image has been created, it can be saved. To save a file in Gimp, +go to + +File +Save + and choose a location where the file will be saved. +Gimp requires that that a file type be selected for +the image being saved (png, jpg etc.). So the file extension must be specified +for the image being saved. One of the choices, .xcf, is the default +extension for Gimp. It is the preferred file type +that maintains the edit history of the image, which is helpful if the file is +expected to be edited further in Gimp. + + + + +Saving the image + + + + + + + + + + + + +References + +For a complete guide to editing and creating images and graphics in +Gimp, please see the tutorials and the official documentation from the Gimp website. +More resources for learning GIMP include: + +Official Gimp Tutorials +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (Book) + + + + + + +Inkscape + +Inkscape is a vector graphics editor application. It +uses Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), an open XML-based W3C standard, as its +native format. Inkscape is built on GTK+ and therefore can run on a variety of +different platforms.To run Inkscape, install it with the package manager +and go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + + +Some features of Inkscape are: + +Create ellipses, rectangles, circles, paths, text using the +different types of tools available. +Manipulate, style, rotate and edit objects. +Command-line interface, primarily for format conversion +functions. +XML tree editor for manipulating SVG +documents. + + + + +Creating Vector Images With Inkscape + +Open Inkscape by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape + +Set the image size by changing the 'width' and 'height' of the +document in FileDocument +Properties + +Document Properties + + + + + + + + + +Draw circles, rectangles, polygons etc. by selecting the appropriate tool from +the toolbox and then click the mouse and drag in the image. + +Drawing Shapes + + + + + +Text can be added to the image by selecting the 'Text' tool (marked with an 'T' +symbol in the toolbox) or by pressing T on the keyboard and +clicking once in the image where the text will be placed. + +Adding Text + + + + + +When the editing is complete, save the image by going to +FileSave. +Navigate to the folder where the file should be saved, enter a filename, and hit +Save. Files can be saved as Plain SVG or as Inkscape +SVG. There is additional information in Inkscape SVG images that is not used by +other SVG image editors. + + + + + +References +The "Help" menu in Inkscape includes tutorials. Additional information +about using Inkscape is available: + +Inkscape Basic Tutorial +The Inkscape Tutorials Weblog +InkscapeTutorials.net +Inkscape Keys and Mouse Reference + + + + + + +An Introduction To Blender + +Blender is a 3D graphics application, released under +the GNU General Public License. Blender provides a broad spectrum of modeling, +texturing, lighting, animation and video post-processing functionality in one +package. Blender can be installed from the package manager +KPackageKit; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit) + + + +Blender Basics + +Blender is a powerful application that can be used to +perform advanced and complex tasks, such as video editing, 3D modeling and +animation. This guide is an introduction to the Blender interface, and also +covers basic functions like Exporting and Importing an image. + + + +Open blender by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender +The Blender's splash screen will appear, +followed by a window similar to the one below: + +Blender Window + + + + + + +The center of the screen is the main view for creating and viewing +3D models. The bottom portion of the screen is the 'Panel', which has controls +to modify mesh models. + + +By default there is a square in the center of the main view. With +the cursor in the main window, the view can be rotated by pressing the middle +mouse button and dragging the mouse. As the mouse is dragged, the object can be +viewed from different angles. Three arrows represent the three axes: X, Y +and Z. + +Rotating View + + + + + + + +Views can also be changed by pressing the keys in the number keypad. +Pressing the "1" key in the number keypad changes the view. Pressing the "7" +key returns to the default view. + + + +Objects are selected by clickin the 'Right Mouse Button', All objects can be +selected or deselected by pressing the A key on the keyboard. + + + +Delete the default cube in the main window by pressing the X +key on the keyboard and then pressing Enter. + + + +Next, add a new mesh/object in the scene by pressing Spacebar and +selecting +AddMeshUVSphere +Choose the default settings in the dialog and press +OK. + +Adding a new mesh + + + + + + + +To move the new object, first select it (by clicking on it with the Right Mouse +Button), and press 'G' on the keyboard. Now drag the mouse in any direction to +move the object in that direction. To move the object in a specific direction, +press G followed by the axis of that direction. For example: +To move an object in the Z axis, press G and then +Z. + + + +To rotate the object, press R and rotate using the mouse. The +object can be rotated around a specific axis by pressing X, +Y or Z after pressing R. + + + +When all objects have been added, the scene can be rendered by going to +RenderRender +Current Frame or by pressing F12. + + + +Save the finished image by selecting +FileSave. +or press CtrlW. Enter the +filename, choose a path and press the OK button. + + + + + + +References +Blender resources: + +Blender Tutorials Archive +Blender Video Tutorials +Blender Underground Video Tutorials +Blender Books + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/uk/graphics.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/uk/graphics.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/graphics/uk/graphics.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/graphics/uk/graphics.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Створення і редагування графіки у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Цей документ присвячено створенню та редагуванню графічних даних у Kubuntu. + + + + +Вступ + +У Kubuntu ви зможете скористатися багатьма вільними програмами для редагування зображень та знімків з відкритим кодом, зокрема GIMP, Blender, Inkscape тощо. Ці програми не є частиною типового комплекту Kubuntu. Але їх дуже просто встановити за допомогою програми для керування пакунками KpackageKit. Цей розділ є вступом до вивчення способів виконання типових завдань у програмах для редагування зображень, зокрема способів редагування зображень, створення зображень, збереження вашої роботи тощо. + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program або «Програма GNU для керування зображеннями») є вільною програмою для редагування растрових зображень, яка розповсюджується за умов GPL. Основним призначенням є ретушування зображень та їх редагування. GIMP побудовано на основі бібліотек GTK+, отже програмою можна скористатися на багатьох апаратних та програмних платформах. Програма використовується для виконання завдань з редагування зображень, зокрема фотографій, компонування зображень та створення малюнків. + +Спектр можливостей GIMP можна розширити за допомогою додатків та скриптів, призначених для виконання складних дій. Програмою можна також скористатися для перетворення форматів зображень. + +Серед можливостей, які пропонує вам GIMP: +Повний набір інструментів для малювання, зокрема пензлів, перо, аерограф, інструменти клонування, пензель-коректор, інструменти коригування насиченості та яскравості тощо +Повноцінна підтримка каналу прозорості для роботи з зображеннями з прозорістю +Шари і канали +Додаткові можливості з роботи зі скриптами +Багаторівневе скасування/повторення дій (обмежено лише об’ємом вільного місця на диску) +Інструменти перетворення зокрема обертання, масштабування, перекошування та віддзеркалення +Підтримка широкого діапазону форматів файлів, зокрема GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF, PCX, BMP та багатьох інших +Інструменти вибору, зокрема інструменти прямокутного, еліптичного, довільного, нечіткого вибору, вибору на основі кривих Безьє та інструмент інтелектуального вибору +Додатки, які забезпечують роботу з новими форматами файлів та новими ефектами фільтрування. + + + +Редагування зображень у Gimp +Для редагування зображень ви можете скористатися GIMP, потужною і багатою на можливості програмою, подібною до Adobe Photoshop. Ось яка слід редагувати зображення у GIMP: + + + +Встановлення Gimp за допомогою програми для керування пакунками. + + + +Щоб запустити Gimp, скористайтеся пунктом інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаGimp. + + + +У Gimp скористайтеся пунктом меню ФайлВідкрити, перейдіть до теки, де зберігається зображення, і відкрийте зображення. + + + +Відкриття зображення у Gimp + + + + + + + + + + + +Для редагування зображень у Gimp передбачено декілька інструментів, зокрема «Пензель» та «Гумка». + + + +Після завершення редагування скористайтеся пунктом меню ФайлЗберегти, щоб зберегти ваш файл, або пунктом Зберегти як, щоб записати дані до файла з новою назвою. + + + + + +Створення графіки +Створити нове зображення за допомогою Gimp дуже просто. Для створення чудових малюнків у програмі передбачено безліч фільтрів та інструментів. Ось настанови зі створення малюнка: + + +Щоб створити малюнок, відкрийте у Gimp порожнє зображення. Щоб зробити це, скористайтеся пунктом меню ФайлСтворити і вкажіть розмірності нового зображення. Натисніть кнопку Гаразд. + + + +Створення нового зображення у Gimp + + + + + + + + + + +Після створення порожнього зображення ви можете скористатися будь-яким з передбачених у Gimp інструментів для створення вашого шедевра! Наприклад, ви можете скористатися інструментом додавання тексту, позначеним літерою «A» на панелі інструментів, щоб додати на зображення напис. Параметри тексту можна змінити за допомогою фільтрів та додавання кольору. +Додавання фрагмента тексту до зображення + + + + + + + + + +Після створення зображення його можна зберегти. Щоб зберегти файл у Gimp, скористайтеся пунктом меню ФайлЗберегти і вкажіть адресу, за якою слід зберегти файл. У Gimp вам слід вибрати тип зображення, яке слід зберегти (png, jpg, тощо). Отже вам слід вказати суфікс назви файла зображення, яке слід зберегти. Одним з варіантів є .xcf є типовим суфіксом файлів програми Gimp. У даних цього типу файлів зберігається журнал редагування зображення, що буде корисним, якщо ви плануєте продовжити редагування зображення у Gimp. + + + +Збереження зображення + + + + + + + + + + + + +Посилання +З повним циклом настанов щодо редагування та створення зображень у Gimp можна ознайомитися за допомогою підручників та офіційної документації з сайта Gimp. Додаткові ресурси з вивчення GIMP: +Офіційні підручники з Gimp +Gimp-Tutorials.net +Gimp Guru +Grokking The GIMP (книга) + + + + + +Inkscape +Inkscape є програмою для редагування векторних зображень. Основним форматом зберігання даних програми є Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). Цей заснований на XML формат описано у стандарті W3C. Inkscape побудовано на основі бібліотек GTK+, отже програмою можна скористатися на різних апаратних та програмних платформах. Щоб запустити Inkscape, встановіть програму за допомогою програми для керування пакунками, а потім скористайтеся пунктом меню інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаInkscape +Серед можливостей Inkscape: +Створення еліпсів, прямокутників, кіл, контурів, тексту за допомогою різних типів інструментів. +Керування, стилі, обертання та редагування об’єктів. +Інтерфейс командного рядка, призначений в основному для виконання перетворення даних інші формати. +Редактор ієрархії XML для керування документами SVG. + + + +Створення векторних зображень за допомогою Inkscape + +Відкрийте вікно Inkscape за допомогою пункту інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаInkscape +Вкажіть розміри зображення (для цього слід змінити значення параметрів «ширина» та «висота» документа у вікні, яке можна відкрити за допомогою пункту меню ФайлВластивості документа) +Властивості документа + + + + + + + +Щоб намалювати коло, прямокутник, багатокутник або іншу фігуру, скористайтеся відповідним інструментом з панелі інструментів: наведіть вказівник на цей пункт, клацніть лівою кнопкою, а потім намалюйте фігуру утримуванням натиснутою лівої клавіші миші з одночасним перетягуванням вказівника зображенням. +Малювання форм + + + +Текст можна додавати до зображення за допомогою інструменту «Текст» (його позначено літерою «Т» на панелі інструментів) або натисканням клавіші T з наступним клацанням на зображенні у тому місці, де має бути додано текст. +Додавання тексту + + + +Після завершення редагування, збережіть зображення за допомогою пункту меню ФайлЗберегти. Перейдіть до теки, де слід зберегти файл, введіть назву файла і натисніть кнопку Зберегти. Файли можна зберігати у форматі звичайного SVG і SVG Inkscape. У файлах формату SVG Inkscape зберігаються дані, які не використовуються іншими редакторами зображень SVG. + + + + +Посилання +За допомогою меню «Довідка» у Inkscape можна ознайомитися з підручниками. Додаткові матеріали з користування Inkscape: +Підручник з основ Inkscape +Веб-журнал підручників з Inkscape +InkscapeTutorials.net +Довідник з використання клавіатури та миші у Inkscape + + + + + +Вступ до Blender +Blender — програма для створення просторової графіки, випущена за умов дотримання GNU General Public License. У пакунку Blender передбачено широкий спектр можливостей з моделювання, текстурування, роботи з освітленням, анімації та обробки відео. Blender можна встановити за допомогою програми для керування пакунками KPackageKit: пункт меню інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаКерування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit) + + +Основи Blender +Blender — потужна програма, якою можна скористатися для виконання важливих і складних завдань, зокрема редагування відео, просторового моделювання та анімації. Ці настанови є вступом до роботи з інтерфейсом Blender, а також опису основних функцій, зокрема експортування та імпортування зображень. + + +Відкрийте вікно Blender за допомогою пункту інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаBlender +З’явиться вікно вітання Blender, після чого буде показано вікно, подібне до наведеного нижче: +Вікно Blender + + + + + +Центральну область екрана призначено для створення та перегляду просторових моделей. У нижній частині вікна розташовано «Панель» для керування зміною сіток моделей. + +Типово, у центрі основної панелі перегляду буде показано квадрат. За допомогою курсора головного вікна перегляд можна обертати: натисніть середню кнопку миші (коліщатко) і перетягніть вказівник миші. За допомогою перетягування вказівника миші з натиснутою лівою клавішею миші можна переглядати модель під різними кутами. Три стрілки відповідають трьом осям координат: X, Y і Z. +Обертання перегляду + + + + + +Крім того, ви можете змінювати перегляди натисканням клавіш бічної цифрової панелі клавіатури. Натискання клавіші бічної панелі «1» змінить перегляд. Натискання клавіші «7» поверне типовий перегляд. + +Позначити об’єкти можна натисканням правої кнопки миші. Позначити всі об’єкти або зняти позначення з усіх об’єктів можна натисканням клавіші A. + +Вилучити типовий куб у головному вікні можна натисканням клавіші X з наступним натисканням клавіші Enter. + +Далі, додайте нову сітку/об’єкт на сцену натисканням клавіші Пробіл з наступним вибором пункту ДодаванняСіткаСфера UV Виберіть типові параметри об’єкта у діалоговому вікні і натисніть кнопку Гаразд. +Додавання нової сітки + + + + + +Щоб пересунути новий об’єкт, спочатку позначте його (клацанням правою кнопкою миші), а потім натисніть клавішу G. Після цього перетягніть вказівник миші у будь-якому напрямку, щоб пересунути об’єкт у будь-якому напрямку. Щоб пересунути об’єкт у певному напрямку, натисніть клавішу G, а потім клавішу відповідного напрямку. Приклад: щоб пересунути об’єкт у напрямку вісі Z, натисніть клавішу G, а потім клавішу Z. + +Щоб обернути об’єкт, натисніть клавішу R і обертайте об’єкт за допомогою вказівника миші. Об’єкт можна обертати навколо певної вісі натисканням клавіш X, Y або Z після натискання клавіші R. + +Після додавання всіх об’єктів можна обробити сцену за допомогою пункту меню ОбробкаОбробити поточний кадр або натисканням клавіші F12. + +Збережіть завершене зображення за допомогою пункту меню ФайлЗберегти або натискання комбінації клавіш CtrlW. Вкажіть назву файла, виберіть каталог і натисніть кнопку Гаразд. + + + + + +Посилання +Ресурси щодо Blender: +Архів підручників з Blender +Відеопідручники з Blender +Відеопідручники з тонкощів Blender +Книги з Blender + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/de/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/de/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/de/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/de/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,865 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hardware +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument behandelt die Grundlagen der Arbeit mit Hardware unter Linux. + + + + +Einleitung + +Ein Computer besteht aus vielen miteinander verbundenen Geräten, welche als Computer-Hardware bezeichnet werden. Kubuntu konfiguriert diese Hardware in der Regel automatisch, manchmal ist es jedoch notwendig die Hardware-Einstellungen manuell anzupassen. Dieser Abschnitt stellt Informationen zu Werkzeugen für die Hardwarekonfiguration zur Verfügung. + + + + +Proprietäre Hardware +Einige an den Computer angeschlossene Geräte benötigen möglicherweise proprietäre Treiber, um ordnungsgemäß zu funktionieren. Diese Geräte werden meist für Videos oder kabellose Verbindungen verwendet. + +Ein proprietärer Treiber ist ein Programm, das das Zusammenspiel von Software mit dem Hardware-Gerät steuert und selbst keine quelloffene, freie Software ist. Zumeist handelt es sich um Software, die vom Hersteller des Gerätes kontrolliert und geheim gehalten wird. + +Die meisten Geräte (Hardware), die an Rechnern angeschlossen werden, sollten richtig mit Kubuntu funktionieren. Diese Geräte werden wahrscheinlich mit freien Treibern betrieben. Freie Treiber haben den Vorteil, dass sie von Entwicklern angepasst werden können, sodass Probleme unter Linux gelöst werden können. +Einige Geräte besitzen keine freien Geräte-Treiber. Der Grund dafür ist in der Regel, dass deren Hardware-Hersteller zu wenige Details über die Funktionsweise des Produktes für Linux zur Verfügung gestellt hat. Wenn ein solcher Hersteller nicht eigene Linux-Treiber zur Verfügung stellt, kann es sein, dass das Gerät nur eingeschränkt funktioniert oder sogar gar nicht arbeiten will. +Sollte ein proprietärer Treiber für ein spezielles Gerät zur Verfügung stehen, kann das Gerät durch Installation dieses Treibers zum Laufen gebracht werden oder eine erweiterte Funktionalität bieten. Bei Grafikkarten kann dies beispielsweise die Nutzung erweiterter Grafikeffekte sein. +Auf vielen Rechnern werden keine proprietären Treiber benötigt – entweder, weil alle Geräte von den zur Verfügung stehenden freien Treibern unterstützt werden, oder weil proprietäre Treiber noch nicht zur Verfügung stehen. + +Proprietäre Treiber werden in der Regel vom Hersteller gewartet und können nicht erweitert oder verändert werden, wenn Probleme auftauchen. + + +Propietäre Treiber einsetzen +Kubuntu wird mit einer von Ubuntu-Entwicklern erstellten Anwendung ausgeliefert, die sich um proprietäre Treiber kümmert. Das Ubuntu-Programm trägt den Namen Jockey und die Kubuntu-Version heißt jockey-kde. Man findet dieses Programm unter Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemHardware Drivers. +Um einen proprietären Treiber für ein Gerät zu benutzen: + +Öffnen Sie Jockey über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemHardware Drivers. + + +Wählen Sie den zu installierenden Treiber aus der Liste aus und überprüfen Sie die Beschreibung. + + +Klicken Sie auf Aktivieren, um den Treiber zu verwenden. Hierfür kann ein Passwort erforderlich sein. + + +Der proprietäre Treiber muss möglicherweise heruntergeladen und installiert werden. + + +Es kann notwendig sein, den Rechner neuzustarten, um die Treiberaktivierung zu beenden; der Treiberinstallationsprozess wird diese Voraussetzung nicht immer anzeigen. + + +Einen proprietären Treiber wieder deaktivieren: + +Öffnen Sie Jockey über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemHardware Drivers. + + +Wählen Sie den zu entfernenden Treiber aus der Liste aus und überprüfen Sie die Beschreibung. + + +Klicken Sie auf Entfernen um den Treiber zu deaktivieren und wieder einen freien Treiber (falls verfügbar) zu verwenden. Ein Kennwort kann erforderlich sein. + + +Es kann notwendig sein, den Rechner neu zu starten, um die Treiberdeaktivierung zu beenden. + + + + + + + +Festplatten, Dateisysteme und Partitionen +Dieser Abschnitt bietet Unterstützung bei der Nutzung und Einrichtung von Speichermedien wie beispielsweise externer Festplatten. + +Partition +Partitionen + + +Partitionierung + + +formatieren +Formatierung + + +einbinden + + +aushängen +umount + + +Dateisystem +Dateisystem + + +Überprüfen wie viel Festplattenspeicherplatz verfügbar ist +Im Folgenden sind ein paar Wege aufgeführt, wie man den zur Verfügung stehenden Speicherplatz auf einem Kubuntu -System feststellen kann. + + + +Mit der Befehlszeile prüfen + + + + +Mit dem Dateimanager prüfen + + + + +Mit der Partitionsverwaltung prüfen + + + + +Überprüfung des vorhandenen Speicherplatzes mittels Befehlszeile + + +Öffnen Sie Konsole über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + +Geben Sie in der Eingabeaufforderung df -h ein. + + +Die Ausgabe sollte in etwa so aussehen: + +Dateisystem Größe Benut Verf Ben% Eingehängt auf +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + +Der Befehl df informiert über den zur Verfügung stehenden Speicherplatz. Der Zusatz -h („human readable‟) erleichtert die Lesbarkeit der Ausgabe des Befehls df. + + +Den verfügbaren Speicherplatz mit dem Dateimanager feststellen +Dateimanager +Die folgende Anleitung kann sowohl mit Dolphin, als teilweise auch mit Konqueror nachvollzogen werden. Dolphin wird hier als Beispiel genutzt, da es der voreingestellte Dateimanager unter Kubuntu ist. + + + +Öffnen Sie Dolphin über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemDateimanager (Dolphin). + + +Wählen Sie mit der Maus roten Eintrag Basisordner links aus oder geben Sie „/‟ in die Adresszeile ein. + + +Um herauszufinden, wie viel Speicherplatz von der System-Partition (root) belegt wird, klicken Sie mit der rechten Maustaste auf einen freien Platz im Hauptfenster und wählen Sie Eigenschaften aus. +Versehentliches Markieren vermeiden +Geben Sie darauf acht, dass beim Klicken keine Einträge versehentlich markiert werden, da sonst lediglich Informationen über den markierten Eintrag angezeigt werden. + +Verfügbarer Speicherplatz für den Systemordner + + + + + + + + + + +Überprüfung der Belegung mit der Partitionsverwaltung +Die Kubuntu-Partitionsverwaltung ist nicht vorinstalliert. Bitte installieren Sie zunächst das Paket partitionmanager, um fortfahren zu können. + + +Öffnen Sie die Partitionsverwaltung über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). Für systemverändernde Programme ist ein Passwort notwendig. + + +Wählen Sie auf der linken Seite mit der Maus eines der aufgeführten Geräte aus. + + +Der übrige Speicherplatz kann bestimmt werden, indem Sie die Spalte Belegt mit der Spalte Größe vergleichen. Über einen Rechtsklick auf die entsprechende Partion und die Auswahl von Eigenschaften ist dies ebenso möglich. +Verfügbarer Festplattenspeicher in der Partitionsverwaltung + + + + + + + + + + + +Wie kann Festplattenplatz freigemacht werden? +Ein paar Möglichkeiten mehr freien Speicherplatz zu erhalten: + + +Leeren Sie den Mülleimer. Starten Sie Dolphin über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemDateimanager (Dolphin). Klicken Sie links das Mülleimer-Symbol an und wählen Sie nach einem Rechtsklick auf ein Stück freien Platz im Fenster Mülleimer leeren aus. + + +Installieren Sie zunächst den Rechner-Hausmeister. Nach der Installation ist dieser unter unter: Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemComputer Janitor zu finden. Suchen Sie diejenigen Software-Pakete aus der Liste aus, die gelöscht werden können, und bestätigen Sie dies mit einem Klick auf Gewählte Aufgaben ausführen. +Freien Platz schaffen mit dem Rechner-Hausmeister + + + + + + + + +Entfernen Sie Software-Pakete, die nicht mehr benötigt werden. Zur Hilfe beim Entfernen von Programmen siehe auch Softwareverwaltung für weitere Informationen. + + +Löschen Sie Dateien, die nicht mehr gebraucht werden. + +Vorsicht bei Dateien, die möglicherweise weiterhin benötigt werden! + + + +Komprimieren und Archivieren von alten, selten gebrauchten Dokumenten: + + +Wählen Sie Dateien oder Ordner aus, die komprimiert werden sollen, klicken Sie mit der rechten Maustaste auf eine davon uns wählen Sie KomprimierenAls ZIP/TAR-Archiv. + + + + +Einen Datenträger partitionieren +Die Aufgabe einer Partitionsverwaltung ist es, Speichermedien für ihre Aufgabe vorzubereiten und sie dabei in Partitionen einzuteilen. Um fortzufahren, sollte zunächst das Paket partitionmanager installiert werden, da es nicht vorinstalliert ist. Sobald die Installation abgeschlossen ist, öffnen Sie die Partitionsverwaltung über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + +Vorsicht ist in diesem Fall mehr als angebracht: Die falsche Partition zu bearbeiten oder zu löschen bedeutet möglicherweise den Verlust sämtlicher Daten! Sicherheitskopien sind mehr als angebracht! + +Mehr Informationen über die Partitionsverwaltung, um Partitionen in ihrer Größe zu ändern, zu kopieren oder ein neues Betriebssystem zu installieren, schlagen Sie bitte unter nach. + + +Eine Partition formatieren +Zum Formatieren einer Partition kann die Partitionsverwaltung verwendet werden. Für weitere Informationen steht zur Verfügung. + + +Was bedeutet „Formatieren“? +Eine Festplatte, ein Gerät oder eine Partition zu formatieren bedeutet, sie darauf vorzubereiten, Daten aufnehmen und speichern zu können. +Wenn eine Festplatte oder eine Partition formatiert wird, wird die Platte mit einem speziellen Datenformat eingerichtet. Dies wird dann Dateisystem genannt. +Eine frisch gekaufte Festplatte ist in der Regel noch nicht formatiert – und kann dann noch nicht sofort genutzt werden. Nachdem das Gerät formatiert wurde, schwindet der Speicherplatz ein klein wenig. Ein Teil des Speicherplatzes wird genutzt, um das Gerät benutzbar zu machen; das Dateisystem beansprucht diesen Teil für sich. Übrigens nutzen Festplattenhersteller nicht dieselben Standards, um die tatsächliche Größe des Speicherplatzes anzugeben. + + +Was ist ein Dateisystem? +Ein Dateisystem ist eine festgelegte Art und Weise, in der Dateien auf einem Speichermedium wie einer Festplatte gespeichert und organisiert werden, und ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil eines Betriebssystems. Ohne Dateisystem wäre das Abrufen und Speichern von Dateien schwierig. +Es gibt verschiedene Dateisystem-Typen. Die vielleicht bekanntesten sind: + + +ext2, ext3, and ext4: Man findet sie in der Regel auf GNU/Linux-Betriebssystemen. Kubuntu nutzt seit einiger Zeit ext4 als sein Standarddateisystem. + + +FAT16 und FAT32 sind Dateisysteme von Microsoft Windows aus älteren Tagen. Wenn Sie Daten zwischen zwei Rechnern mit unterschiedlichen Betriebssystemen teilen möchten, ist FAT32 eine gute Wahl, da eine so formatierte Partition von allen gängigen Betriebssystemen gelesen werden kann. + + +Bei NTFS handelt es sich um ein Dateisystem, das von moderneren Versionen von Microsoft Windows genutzt wird. + + +HFS+ ist der Name des Standard-Dateisystems von Mac OS X. + + + + +Was ist eine Partition? +Eine Partition ist eine Art Unterteilung des Speicherplatzes eines Laufwerks, wie z.B. einer Festplatte, in verschiedene Teile, die dann als eigenständige Laufwerke behandelt werden können (logische Laufwerke). +Jedes logische Laufwerk wird vom Betriebssystem als ein einzelnes Laufwerk gesehen und wird daher als eine eigenständige Festplatte betrachtet. +Verschiedene Gründe um eine Festplatte zu formatieren: + + +Um freien Speicherplatz zu erhalten + + +Um ein anderes Betriebssystem zu installieren + + +Um die Daten auf der Festplatte besser zu organisieren + + + + +Speichermedien ein- und aushängen +Sobal ein externes Speichermedium an den Computer angeschlossen wird, muss es vom Betriebssystem eingehängt (gemounted) werden. +Tatsächlich werden Dateien beim Kopieren auf ein Speichermedium in der Regel nicht sofort dort gespeichert, sondern erst nach einer gewissen Zeit. Sollte ein Speichermedium entfernt werden, ohne dass der Speichervorgang beendet wurde, werden Daten verloren gehen. Die verhindert man, indem man ein Speichermedium ausdrücklich aushängt (unmounted). +Ein Speichermedium einbinden + +Verbinden Sie zunächst das Speichermedium mit dem Rechner. + + +Im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste erscheint nun eine Benachrichtigung über kürzlich angeschlossene Medien. Klickt man hier auf das schwarze Symbol neben dem neu aufgeführten Gerät, wird es eingehängt. Sie können nun auswählen, ob Sie den Dateimanager öffnen möchten oder eine in der Liste aufgeführte Anwendung die Daten auf dem Speichermedium verarbeiten lassen möchten. + + +Ein Gerät aushängen + +Im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste befindet sich ein Symbol, das einem Computermonitor ähnelt und zur Geräteüberwachung gehört. Ein Klick hierauf öffnet ein Menü des Programms. + + +Wenn Sie mit der Maus über dem Symbol eines Gerätes verweilen, wird auf der rechten Seite ein Auswurf-Knopf angezeigt. Ein Klick darauf hängt das externe Gerät aus. + + + + + + + +Laptops +Dieser Abschnitt enthält Informationen für Nutzer von tragbaren Rechnern mit Kubuntu. + +Einstellungen für die Energieverwaltung +Eine Änderung in den Energieeinstellungen kann die Lebensdauer der Laptop-Batterie verlängern und Energieverschwendung verringern. + + +Ein Klick auf das Symbol der Akkuüberwachung, das einer aufrechten Batterie ähnelt, öffnet ein Menü. + + +An dieser Stelle können die Einstellungen angepasst werden. – Die vorgenommenen Änderungen werden sofort angewandt. + + +Die Nutzung eines Bildschirmschoners ist oft energieintensiver als den Bildschirm einfach schwarz zu lassen. Das Deaktivieren des Bildschirmschoners kann die Leistungsdauer einer Batterie leicht verlängern. In Kubuntu ist der Bildschirmschoner übrigens standardmäßig ein leerer Bildschirm. + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungen. + + +Klicken Sie auf das Symbol Arbeitsfläche. + + +Klicken Sie auf das Bildschirmschoner-Symbol. + + +Wählen Sie einen Bildschirmschoner aus und drücken Sie auf Anwenden. + + + + +Touchpads +Laptops werden zumeist mit Touchpads als Maus-Gerät ausgeliefert. Es gibt verschiedene Wege das Verhalten von Touchpads zu beeinflussen. Die grundlegenden Einstellungen können wie folgt festgelegt werden: + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungen. + + +Klicken Sie in den Systemeinstellungen auf das Symbol Tastatur Maus. + + +Wählen Sie das Touchpad-Symbol aus. + + +Passen Sie die Einstellungen nach Ihren Wünschen an. Änderungen sollten sofort wirksam werden. + + + + +Laptop-Testberichte suchen +Eine Reihe von Laptops werden im Vorhinein von den Ubuntu-Nutzern getestet, um sicherzugehen, dass sie korrekt unter Kubuntu funktionieren. Die Ergebnisse dieser Tests sind allgemein zugänglich und können eventuell Details zu spezifischen Probleme enthalten. + + +Ein Besuch der Community-Support-Seiten (englisch) verschafft Ihnen einen Überblick über die verfügbaren Tests. + + +An diesen Tests kann man übrigens selbst teilnehmen – und die Wissensbasis so erweitern: Ubuntu Laptop Testing (englisch). + + + +Ruhezustand (auch: Bereitschaft bzw. Stand-By) und Tiefschlafmodus (auch: Ruhezustand) +Um Energie zu sparen, wenn ein Rechner nicht verwendet wird, können eine Reihe von Energiesparmodi aktiviert werden. + + +Den Rechner in den Ruhezustand zu versetzen, wird symbolisch damit verglichen, ihm eine Schlafpause zu gönnen: Das Gerät bleibt angeschaltet – und alle offenen Fenster und Arbeiten bleiben offen, aber der Energieverbrauch wird reduziert. Der Rechner wacht bereits nach einem Mausklick oder Tastendruck wieder auf und ist zur Weiterarbeit bereit. + + +Den Computer in den Tiefschlaf zu versetzen, bedeutet ihn komplett auszuschalten, dabei jedoch offene Arbeiten in dem Zustand zu lassen, in dem sie sich gerade befinden (und dabei z.B. Fenster und Dokumente nicht zu schließen). Im Tiefschlafmodus wird keine Energie mehr verbraucht. Das Aufwachen dauert länger als beim Ruhezustand; dabei werden alle vorher geöffneten Anwendungen wiederhergestellt. + + +Ausschalten bedeutet, dass der Rechner komplett abgeschaltet wird, ohne dass der momentane Zustand gespeichert wird. Wenn der Rechner ausgeschaltet ist, wird keine Energie verbraucht. + + +Einen Rechner aufzuwecken bedeutet, ihn aus einem Energiesparmodus wieder in den normalen Bearbeitungsmodus zurückzuholen. In der Regel reicht ein Klick mit der Maus, um den Rechner aus dem Ruhezustand aufzuwecken, während die Reaktivierung nach einem Tiefschlafzustand es erforderlich macht, ihn mit dem An-/Aus-Schalter wieder zu starten. + + +Manuell lässt sich ein Rechner in einen Energiesparmodus versetzen, indem man im Kickoff-Anwendungsstarter im unteren Hauptteil Verlassen auswählt. + +In der Praxis ist die Fähigkeit einiger Computer mit den Energiesparmodi umzugehen unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt. Die beste Methode, um dies am konkreten Modell herauszufinden, stellt ein Test dar. Achten Sie beim Ausprobieren darauf, dass offene Arbeiten vorher abgespeichert werden. – Sollten Fehlfunktionen auftreten, können diese manchmal nach einer der regulären Softwareaktualisierungen des Linuxkerns („Kernels“) verschwinden. + + +Die Energiesparmodi funktionieren auf meinem Rechner nicht richtig +Einige Computer sind nicht in der Lage, diese Modi unter Kubuntu korrekt zu nutzen. Dies kann zu folgenden Symptomen führen: + + +Der PC geht nicht aus, nachdem der Knopf für den Tiefschlafmodus gedrückt wurde. + + +Nachdem der Computer aus dem Tiefschlafmodus wieder gestartet wurde, werden vorher geöffnete Programme nicht wiederhergestellt. + + +Der Computer wacht nicht auf, nachdem er in den Ruhezustand versetzt wurde. + + +Einige Programme oder einige Hardwarekomponenten arbeiten nicht mehr richtig, nachdem der Rechner aus dem Tiefschlaf oder dem Ruhezustand aufgewacht ist. + + +Wenn solche Probleme auftauchen kann die Erstellung eines Fehlerberichtes auf der Launchpad-Webseite darüber die Entwicklung vorantreiben. Es kann dann sein, dass die Probleme in kommenden Kubuntu-Versionen nicht mehr auftauchen. Die Behebung des Fehlers können Sie auf Launchpad mitverfolgen. +Wenn die Hardware nach dem Aufwachen nicht mehr korrekt funktioniert, sollte ein Neustart die Probleme beenden. Wenn ein einzelnes Programm nicht korrekt funktioniert, kann man auch probieren dieses Programm neu zu starten. + +Stellen Sie vor dem Testen von Problemen mit den Energiesparmodi sicher, dass alle Dokumente gesichert wurden. + + + +Es tauchen seltsame Muster auf dem Bildschirm auf, wenn der Rechner in den Tiefschlafmodus gelangt. +Solche Muster können auftauchen. Dies sollte Sie nicht weiter beunruhigen, da es sich einfach um die Art einiger Grafikkarten handelt mit dem Vorgang umzugehen. +Sollte der Rechner diese Muster jedoch über einen sehr ausgedehnten Zeitraum anzeigen ohne sich dabei auszuschalten, kann ein Problem beim Tiefschlafmodus vorliegen. Weitere Informationen findet man hier: Der Energiesparmodus funktioniert nicht richtig auf meinem Rechner. + + + + + +Maus und Tastatur +In diesem Abschnitt werden Informationen dazu bereit gestellt, wie Mäuse, Tastaturen und andere Eingabegeräte eingerichtet werden können, um sie komfortabel nutzbar zu machen. + +Mäuse und andere Zeigegeräte +Für Mäuse lassen sich eine Reihe von Einstellungen vornehmen. Beispielsweise wie schnell sich der Mauszeiger bewegt und wie der Computer mit Klicks umgeht. + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungen. + + +Klicken Sie auf das Symbol Tastatur Maus. + + +Wählen Sie das Untermenü Maus aus. + + + + +Tastaturen +Es sind einige Einstellungen für die Tastatur verfügbar, beispielsweise die Sprache oder Tastenkombinationen. + + +Öffnen Sie die Systemeinstellungen über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterSystemeinstellungen. + + +Klicken Sie auf das Symbol Tastatur Maus. + + +Wählen Sie das Untermenü Tastatur aus. + + + + +Touchpads und Grafiktabletts +Auch Touchpads und Grafiktabletts können verwendet werden, um den Mauszeiger zu bewegen. + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
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+ +Hardware +&legalnotice; + +Este documento cubre las bases del trabajo con hardware en un sistema Linux. + + + + +Introducción + +Un computador consiste en un número de dispositivos conectados comúnmente conocido como Dispositivos. +Kubuntu normalmente configura el hardware automáticamente, pero en algunas ocasiones puede que sea necesaria la configuración manual de los dispositivos. Esta sección proporciona información de las herramientas para configurar los dispositivos. + + + + +Dispositivos propietarios +Algunos dispositivos conectados al equipo pueden necesitar controladores propietarios para poder trabajar adecuadamente. La mayoría de las veces, estos dispositivos se utilizan para el vídeo y las redes inalámbricas. + +Un controlador propietario es un programa administrador de dispositivos que no es libre y de código abierto. Normalmente, el programa está protegido y revisado por la compañía que vende el dispositivo. + +La mayoría de los dispositivos (hardware) adjuntos en el equipo funcionan correctamente en Kubuntu. El dispositivo probablemente obtendrá controladores libres. Estos controladores pueden ser libremente modificados por desarrolladores, y algunos problemas o incompatibilidades con Linux pueden ser reparados. +Algunos dispositivos no tienen controladores libres, normalmente por que el fabricante del dispositivo no ha liberado detalles sobre el mismo lo que haría posible crear controladores para sistemas Linux. Si un fabricante no ha creado los controladores de Linux, el hardware puede tener una funcionalidad limitada o no funcionar en absoluto. +Si un adecuado controlador propietario está disponible para un dispositivo determinado, puede ser instalado con el fin de permitir que el dispositivo funcione correctamente o para añadir nuevas características. Por ejemplo, la instalación de controladores propietarios de algunas tarjetas gráficas permite el uso de avanzados efectos visuales. +Algunos equipos no pueden tener todos los controladores de dispositivos que hagan uso de controladores privativos, ya sea porque todos los dispositivos son totalmente compatibles con los controladores libres o porque los controladores privativos no están aún disponibles. + +Los controladores propietarios son desarrolladas por el fabricante del hardware, por lo que no pueden ser modificados por los desarrolladores si hay un problema. + + +Gestionar controladores propietarios +Kubuntu se suministra con una aplicación desarrollada por los desarrolladores de Ubuntu, que mantiene controladores propietarios. Está aplicación es conocida como Jockey y en Kubuntu se llama jockey-kde. Se puede abrir yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaComtrolador de dispositivos. +Para utilizar un controlador propietario para el dispositivo: + +Abra Jockey yendo al Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaControladores de hardware. + + +Busque el controlador a activar y verifique la descripción + + +PulseActivar para activar el controlador. Puede necesitar una contraseña. + + +El controlador propietario podría necesitar ser descargado e instalado. + + +Puede ser necesario reiniciar el equipo para activar el controlador; el proceso de instalación del controlador puede no siempre indicar este requerimiento. + + +Desactivar un controlador propietario para un dispositivo: + +Abra Jockey yendo al Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaControladores de hardware. + + +Busque el controlador a desactivar y verifique la descripción. + + +MarcarEliminar para desactivar el controlador y continuar usando un controlador libre, si está disponible. Puede necesitar dar una contraseña. + + +Puede ser necesario reiniciar el equipo para finalizar la desactivación del controlador. + + + + + + + +Discos y particiones +Esta sección proporciona instrucciones sobre cómo manejar los discos y unidades, tales como discos duros extraíbles. + +partición +particiones + + +particionar + + +formato +formatear + + +montar + + +desmontar +desmontar + + +sistema de archivos +sistema de archivos + + +Comprobar cuanto espacio de disco está disponible +Hay varias maneras de ver cuánto espacio en disco está disponible en un sistema Kubuntu. + + + +Comprobar a través del terminal + + + + +Comprobar a través del gestor de archivos + + + + +Comprobar a través del gestor de particiones + + + + +Comprobar el espacio de disco disponible a través de la línea de órdenes + + +Abra Konsole yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaTerminal (Konsole). + + +En la terminal, teclee df -h + + +Debe mostrarse una salida similar a lo siguiente: + +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + +La orden df informa del uso del disco por el sistema de archivos. El parámetro -h hace que df muestre una salida legible para humanos. + + +Comprobar el espacio de disco disponible a través del gestor de archivos +Gestores de archivo +El siguiente procedimiento se puede completar con Dolphin o Konqueror. Dolphin se mostrará en este ejemplo, dado que es el gestor de archivos predeterminado en Kubuntu. + + + +Abra Dolphin yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff AplicacionesSistemaAdministrador de archivos (Dolphin). + + +Pulse en el botón Raíz a la izquierda. + + + +To find out how much space is available in the root partition, +right click in any of the white space in the main +window. Select Properties from the list that is +displayed. + +Evitar el resaltado de un icono + +When right clicking in the white space, avoid accidentally highlighting any of +the folder icons, because this will display information pertaining only to that +folder. + + +Available disk space for the root device + + + + + + + + + + +Comprobar el uso a través del gestor de particiones + +By default in Kubuntu, the application Partition +Manager is not installed. Please install the Partition +Manager package prior to doing the following procedure. + + + + +Open Partition Manager by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). A +password may be required. + + + + +Click on the device in the +Device section in the left-hand side of the main window. + + + + +Remaining space can be determined by subtracting the amount in the +Used column from the amount in the +Size column. The information can also be displayed by +right clicking on the partition in the list and +selecting Properties. + +Espacio de disco disponible con el Gestor de particiones + + + + + + + + + + + +¿Cómo puedo liberar espacio? +Hay distintas maneras de conseguir más espacio disponible en el disco: + + + +Empty the trash. Open Dolphin by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). Click the +Trash on the left, right +click in the white space and select Empty +Trash. + + + + +Install Computer Janitor for GTK +first. Once installed, open Computer Janitor by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemComputer Janitor. Select the Packages to be +removed. When completed, click the Do +selected tasks button. + +Liberar espacio del disco con el Encargado de limpieza + + + + + + + + + +Remove software packages that are no longer being used. See Managing Software for information +on removing packages. + + + +Borrar archivos que ya no necesita. + +Tenga cuidado no borrar archivos que pueda necesitar. + + + +Comprimir y archivar documentos antiguos o raramente usados + + + +Select the files and folders to be compressed, right +click one of them and select +CompressAs ZIP/TAR +Archive or any of the other choices. + + + + + +Particionar un dispositivo + +Partition Manager can be used to partition storage +devices. Install the Partition +Manager package first, as it is not installed by default +in Kubuntu. Once installed, open Partition Manager +by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + + +Tenga cuidado cuando altere las particiones de disco, dado que es posible perder datos al borrar o cambiar la partición incorrecta. + + +For more information on using Partition Manager to +resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review . + + + +Formatear una partición + +Partition Manager can be used to format disk +partitions. Please review . + + + +¿Qué es formatear? +Formatear un disco duro, dispositivo o partición significa preparar ese dispositivo particular para compartir información. + +When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is +applied to that device; this format is the filesystem. + + +A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for +storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less +than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device +usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use +different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further +discrepancies. + + + +Qué es un sistema de archivos + +A filesystem is a particular way of storing and organizing files on a storage +device such as a hard disk, and is an important part of an operating system. +Without a filesystem, accessing and storing files would be difficult. + +Hay diferentes tipos de sistemas de archivos. Los más comunes son: + + + +ext2, ext3, and ext4: these are usually found on GNU/Linux operating systems. +Kubuntu uses ext4 as its default filesystem. + + + + +FAT16 and FAT32 are Microsoft Windows +filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the +FAT32 format is a good choice. + + + +NTFS es el tipo de sistema de archivos usado por las más modernas versiones de Microsoft Windows. + + +HFS+ es el tipo de sistema de archivos de Mac OS X. + + + + +¿Qué es una partición? +Una partición es una forma de dividir la capacidad de almacenamiento de un dispositivo (como, por ejemplo, un disco duro), en varias partes que luego pueden ser tratadas como dispositivos de almacenamiento separados (dispositivos lógicos). +El sistema operativo ve a cada dispositivo lógico como un dispositivo distinto, y por tanto lo trata como a un disco independiente. +Se debe particionar el disco duro por distintas razones: + + +Para recuperar espacio libre + + +Para instalar sistemas operativos diferentes + + +Para organizar mejor los datos en un disco duro + + + + +Montar y demontar dispositivos + +When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be +mounted by the operating system so the files on the +device can be accessed. + + +When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the +device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can +all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the +device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some +or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be +unmounted before being disconnected. + +Montar un dispositivo + +Enchufar un dispositivo de almacenamiento removible. + + + +A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner +of the screen. By clicking the device in the popup +menu, the device will be mounted. As soon as it is mounted, +either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains +a list of options for the device. + + + +Desmontar un dispositivo + + +In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that +represents the Device Notifier. Click on the icon, +and a popup menu will appear. + + + + +Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon +on the right side. Click on the icon to +unmount the removable device. + + + + + + + + +Portátiles +Esta sección contiene información para los que usan Kubuntu en un equipo portátil. + +Opciones de ahorro de energía + +Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery +life and reduce energy waste. + + + + +Press the power management icon which looks like a +battery in the system tray. + + + +Cambie las opciones que considere apropiadas. Los cambios se aplicarán al instante. + + + +Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go +blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery +life. In Kubuntu, the screensaver is set to blank as default. + + + +Abra Configuración del sistema yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffEquipoConfiguración de sistema. + + +Pulse el icono Escritorio. + + +Pulse el icono Salvapantallas. + + +Seleccione el salvapantallas y pulse Aplicar. + + + + +Touchpads + +Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse +pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most +basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way: + + + +Abra Configuración del sistema yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffEquipoConfiguración de sistema. + + +Pulse el botón Tablero y ratón. + + +Pulse el icono Touchpad. + + +Realice cualquier cambio que desee en la configuración del touchpad. Los cambios deben entrar en vigor inmediatamente + + + + +Buscar informes de pruebas de portátiles + +Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features +work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may +offer insights into any laptop problems. + + + + +Review the Laptop Testing community support pages +for a full listing of available laptop tests. + + + + +You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + + +Suspender e hibernar + +In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of +power-saving modes when it is not being used. + + + + +Suspending a computer is like putting the +computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be +left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key +or clicking the mouse. + + + + +Hibernating means turning the computer off +completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all +open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work +will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the +computer is hibernating. + + + +Apagar es desconectar el equipo completamente, sin guardar su estado actual. Mientras el equipo permanece apagado, no se consume energía. + + + +Resuming is bringing the computer out of a +power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed +from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse. +Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer. + + + + +Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options +in the System section of the Leave +menu in Kickoff. + + + +Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain +power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a +power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as +expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating. + + + +El equipo no se suspende o hiberna correctamente + +Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with Kubuntu, and +may show some of the following symptoms: + + + +El equipo no se apaga una vez que se ha pulsado la hibernación. + + + +When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs +are not restored. + + + +El equipo no se levantará después de haber sido suspendido. + + +Ciertos programas o dispositivos de hardware dejan de trabajar correctamente al volver de una hibernación o despertando luego de haber sido suspendido. + + + +If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to Launchpad. The problems +may be fixed in a subsequent version of Kubuntu. + + +If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart +the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work +properly, try closing the program and then starting it again. + + +Asegúrese de guardar todos los documentos abiertos antes de comprobar los problemas de la suspensión y la hibernación. + + + +There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is +hibernated + +The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to +hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the +graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the +hibernation process. + + +If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without +turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to The computer does not suspend or hibernate +correctly for more information. + + + + + + +Ratones y teclados + +This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and +other input devices to make them more comfortable to use. + + +Ratones y otros dispositivos de señalización + +Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and +how clicks are interpreted by the computer. + + + +Abra Configuración del sistema yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffEquipoConfiguración de sistema. + + +Pulse el icono Teclado y ratón. + + +Pulse el botón Ratón. + + + + +Teclados +Hay varias opciones de teclado, como el idioma del teclado y atajos de teclado. + + +Abra Configuración del sistema yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffEquipoConfiguración de sistema. + + +Pulse el icono Teclado y ratón. + + +Pulse el icono Teclado. + + + + +Touchpads y tabletas gráficas + +A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer. + + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/fr/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/fr/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/fr/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/fr/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1223 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Matériel +&legalnotice; + +Ce document couvre les bases pour utiliser des matériels sur un système Linux. + + + + +Introduction + + +A computer consists of a number of connected devices that are collectively +known as computer hardware. Kubuntu normally configures +hardware automatically, but there may be occasions when it is necessary to +make manual changes to hardware settings. This section provides information on +tools for configuring hardware. + + + + + +Proprietary Devices + +Some devices attached to the computer may need proprietary drivers in order to +work properly. Most often, these devices are used for video and wireless +networking. + + +A proprietary driver is a hardware management software application +that is not free and open-source. Typically, the software is concealed and +controlled by the company selling the hardware. + + +Most of the devices (hardware) attached to computers should function properly +in Kubuntu. The devices are likely to have free +drivers. These drivers can be freely modified by developers, and any problems or +incompatibilities with Linux can be fixed. + + +Some hardware does not have free drivers, usually because the hardware +manufacturer has not released details of their hardware which would make it +possible to create such a driver for a Linux system. If such a manufacturer has +not created Linux drivers, the hardware may have limited functionality or +may not work at all. + + +If an appropriate proprietary driver is available for a +certain device, it can be installed in order to allow that device to function +properly or to add new features. For example, installing proprietary drivers +for certain graphics cards allows for the use of advanced visual effects. + + +Some computers may not have any devices that can use proprietary drivers, either +because all of the devices are fully supported by free drivers or because +proprietary drivers are not yet available. + + +Ce sont habituellement les fabricants de matériel qui assurent la maintenance des pilotes propriétaires ; les développeurs de Kubuntu ne peuvent donc pas les corriger en cas de problème. + + +Gestion des pilotes propriétaires + +Kubuntu ships with an application developed by Ubuntu developers that +maintains proprietary drivers. This application is known as +Jockey and in Kubuntu is named +jockey-kde>. It can be opened by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + +Pour utiliser un pilote propriétaire pour un périphérique : + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be enabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Activate to enable the +driver. A password may be required. + + + +Il sera peut être nécessaire de télécharger et d'installer le pilote propriétaire. + + + +It may be necessary to restart the computer to finish enabling the driver; the +driver installation process will not always indicate this requirement. + + + +Disabling a proprietary driver for a device: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be disabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Remove to disable the +driver and continue using a free driver, if available. A password may be +required. + + + +Il peut être nécessaire de redémarrer l'ordinateur pour terminer la désactivation du pilote. + + + + + + + +Disques et partitions + +This section provides instructions on how to handle disks and drives such as +removable hard disks. + + +partition +partitions + + +partitioning + + +format +formatting + + +mount + + +unmount +umount + + +système de fichiers +système de fichiers + + +Vérification de l'espace disque disponible + +There are several ways to see how much disk space is available on a Kubuntu +system. + + + + +Check via the command line + + + + +Check via the file manager + + + + +Check via Partition +Manager + + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the command line + + +Ouvrez Konsole en allant dans le lanceur d'applications KickoffApplicationsSystèmeTerminal (Konsole). + + + +At the prompt, type df -h + + + + +Output similar to the following should be displayed: + + +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + + +The command df reports file system disk space usage. The +-h tells df to make the output human +readable. + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the file manager +Gestionnaires de fichiers + +The following procedure can be completed with either +Dolphin or Konqueror. +Dolphin will be shown in this example because it +is the default file manager in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Open Dolphin by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). + + + + +Click on the Root shortcut +button on the left. + + + + +To find out how much space is available in the root partition, +right click in any of the white space in the main +window. Select Properties from the list that is +displayed. + +Avoid highlighting an icon + +When right clicking in the white space, avoid accidentally highlighting any of +the folder icons, because this will display information pertaining only to that +folder. + + +Available disk space for the root device + + + + + + + + + + +Checking usage via Partition Manager + +By default in Kubuntu, the application Partition +Manager is not installed. Please install the Partition +Manager package prior to doing the following procedure. + + + + +Open Partition Manager by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). A +password may be required. + + + + +Click on the device in the +Device section in the left-hand side of the main window. + + + + +Remaining space can be determined by subtracting the amount in the +Used column from the amount in the +Size column. The information can also be displayed by +right clicking on the partition in the list and +selecting Properties. + +Available disk space with Partition Manager + + + + + + + + + + + +How can some disk space be freed up? + +There are several ways of making more disk space available: + + + + +Empty the trash. Open Dolphin by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). Click the +Trash on the left, right +click in the white space and select Empty +Trash. + + + + +Install Computer Janitor for GTK +first. Once installed, open Computer Janitor by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemComputer Janitor. Select the Packages to be +removed. When completed, click the Do +selected tasks button. + +Freeing disk space with Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + + +Remove software packages that are no longer being used. See Managing Software for information +on removing packages. + + + + +Delete files that are no longer needed. + + + +Be careful not to delete files that are still needed! + + + + + +Compress and archive old, rarely-used documents: + + + + +Select the files and folders to be compressed, right +click one of them and select +CompressAs ZIP/TAR +Archive or any of the other choices. + + + + + +Partitioning a device + +Partition Manager can be used to partition storage +devices. Install the Partition +Manager package first, as it is not installed by default +in Kubuntu. Once installed, open Partition Manager +by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + + + +Be careful when altering disk partitions, as it is possible to lose data by +deleting or changing the wrong partition. + + + +For more information on using Partition Manager to +resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review . + + + +Formatting a partition + +Partition Manager can be used to format disk +partitions. Please review . + + + +What is formatting? + +To format a hard disk, device or partition means to prepare that particular +device to store data. + + +When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is +applied to that device; this format is the filesystem. + + +A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for +storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less +than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device +usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use +different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further +discrepancies. + + + +What is a filesystem + +A filesystem is a particular way of storing and organizing files on a storage +device such as a hard disk, and is an important part of an operating system. +Without a filesystem, accessing and storing files would be difficult. + + +There are different types of filesystem. The most common are: + + + + +ext2, ext3, and ext4: these are usually found on GNU/Linux operating systems. +Kubuntu uses ext4 as its default filesystem. + + + + +FAT16 and FAT32 are Microsoft Windows +filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the +FAT32 format is a good choice. + + + + +NTFS is the filesystem type used by more modern +versions of Microsoft Windows. + + + + +HFS+ is the Mac OS X default filesystem type. + + + + + +What is a partition? + +A partition is a means of dividing the storage capacity of a device, such as a +hard disk, into several parts which can then be treated as separate storage +devices (logical devices). + + +Each logical device is seen by the operating system as a distinct device, and +thus is treated as an independent disk. + + +Partitioning a hard disk can be done for several reasons: + + + + +To retrieve free space + + + + +To install different operating systems + + + + +To organize data better on the hard disk + + + + + +Mounting and unmounting devices + +When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be +mounted by the operating system so the files on the +device can be accessed. + + +When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the +device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can +all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the +device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some +or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be +unmounted before being disconnected. + +Mounting a device + + +Plug in the removable storage device. + + + + +A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner +of the screen. By clicking the device in the popup +menu, the device will be mounted. As soon as it is mounted, +either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains +a list of options for the device. + + + +Unmounting a device + + +In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that +represents the Device Notifier. Click on the icon, +and a popup menu will appear. + + + + +Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon +on the right side. Click on the icon to +unmount the removable device. + + + + + + + + +Laptops + +This section contains information for people using Kubuntu on a laptop +computer. + + +Power management settings + +Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery +life and reduce energy waste. + + + + +Press the power management icon which looks like a +battery in the system tray. + + + + +Change the settings as appropriate. Changes are applied instantly. + + + + +Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go +blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery +life. In Kubuntu, the screensaver is set to blank as default. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Desktop icon. + + + + +Press the Screen Saver icon. + + + + +Select screen saver and then press Apply. + + + + + +Touchpads + +Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse +pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most +basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way: + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +button. + + + + +Press the Touchpad icon. + + + + +Make any desired touchpad setting changess. Changes should take effect +immediately. + + + + + +Finding laptop testing reports + +Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features +work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may +offer insights into any laptop problems. + + + + +Review the Laptop Testing community support pages +for a full listing of available laptop tests. + + + + +You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + + +Suspending and Hibernating + +In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of +power-saving modes when it is not being used. + + + + +Suspending a computer is like putting the +computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be +left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key +or clicking the mouse. + + + + +Hibernating means turning the computer off +completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all +open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work +will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the +computer is hibernating. + + + + +Shutting down is turning the computer off +completely, without saving the current state of the computer. No power is used +when the computer is shut down. + + + + +Resuming is bringing the computer out of a +power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed +from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse. +Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer. + + + + +Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options +in the System section of the Leave +menu in Kickoff. + + + +Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain +power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a +power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as +expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating. + + + +The computer does not suspend or hibernate correctly + +Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with Kubuntu, and +may show some of the following symptoms: + + + + +The computer does not turn off after hibernate has been clicked. + + + + +When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs +are not restored. + + + + +The computer will not wake up after it has been suspended. + + + + +Certain programs or hardware devices stop working correctly after resuming from +hibernation or waking-up from being suspended. + + + + +If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to Launchpad. The problems +may be fixed in a subsequent version of Kubuntu. + + +If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart +the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work +properly, try closing the program and then starting it again. + + + +Make sure to save all open documents before testing for suspend and hibernate +problems. + + + + +There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is +hibernated + +The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to +hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the +graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the +hibernation process. + + +If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without +turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to The computer does not suspend or hibernate +correctly for more information. + + + + + + +Mice and Keyboards + +This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and +other input devices to make them more comfortable to use. + + +Mice and other pointing devices + +Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and +how clicks are interpreted by the computer. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Mouse icon. + + + + + +Keyboards + +There are several keyboard options, such as the keyboard language and keyboard +shortcuts. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Keyboard icon. + + + + + +Touchpads and graphics tablets + +A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer. + + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/gl/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/gl/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/gl/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/gl/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1234 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hardware +&legalnotice; + + +This document covers the basics of working with hardware in a Linux +system. + + + + + +Introduction + + +A computer consists of a number of connected devices that are collectively +known as computer hardware. Kubuntu normally configures +hardware automatically, but there may be occasions when it is necessary to +make manual changes to hardware settings. This section provides information on +tools for configuring hardware. + + + + + +Proprietary Devices + +Some devices attached to the computer may need proprietary drivers in order to +work properly. Most often, these devices are used for video and wireless +networking. + + +A proprietary driver is a hardware management software application +that is not free and open-source. Typically, the software is concealed and +controlled by the company selling the hardware. + + +Most of the devices (hardware) attached to computers should function properly +in Kubuntu. The devices are likely to have free +drivers. These drivers can be freely modified by developers, and any problems or +incompatibilities with Linux can be fixed. + + +Some hardware does not have free drivers, usually because the hardware +manufacturer has not released details of their hardware which would make it +possible to create such a driver for a Linux system. If such a manufacturer has +not created Linux drivers, the hardware may have limited functionality or +may not work at all. + + +If an appropriate proprietary driver is available for a +certain device, it can be installed in order to allow that device to function +properly or to add new features. For example, installing proprietary drivers +for certain graphics cards allows for the use of advanced visual effects. + + +Some computers may not have any devices that can use proprietary drivers, either +because all of the devices are fully supported by free drivers or because +proprietary drivers are not yet available. + + + +Proprietary drivers are usually maintained by the hardware manufacturer, and so +cannot be modified by developers if there is a problem. + + + +Managing proprietary drivers + +Kubuntu ships with an application developed by Ubuntu developers that +maintains proprietary drivers. This application is known as +Jockey and in Kubuntu is named +jockey-kde>. It can be opened by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + +To use a proprietary driver for a device: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be enabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Activate to enable the +driver. A password may be required. + + + + +The proprietary driver may have to be downloaded and installed. + + + + +It may be necessary to restart the computer to finish enabling the driver; the +driver installation process will not always indicate this requirement. + + + +Disabling a proprietary driver for a device: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be disabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Remove to disable the +driver and continue using a free driver, if available. A password may be +required. + + + + +It may be necessary to restart the computer to finish disabling +the driver. + + + + + + + + +Disks and Partitions + +This section provides instructions on how to handle disks and drives such as +removable hard disks. + + +partition +partitions + + +partitioning + + +format +formatting + + +mount + + +unmount +umount + + +filesystem +file system + + +Checking how much disk space is available + +There are several ways to see how much disk space is available on a Kubuntu +system. + + + + +Check via the command line + + + + +Check via the file manager + + + + +Check via Partition +Manager + + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the command line + + +Abra Konsole indo a Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaTerminal (Konsole). + + + +At the prompt, type df -h + + + + +Output similar to the following should be displayed: + + +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + + +The command df reports file system disk space usage. The +-h tells df to make the output human +readable. + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the file manager +File managers + +The following procedure can be completed with either +Dolphin or Konqueror. +Dolphin will be shown in this example because it +is the default file manager in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Open Dolphin by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). + + + + +Click on the Root shortcut +button on the left. + + + + +To find out how much space is available in the root partition, +right click in any of the white space in the main +window. Select Properties from the list that is +displayed. + +Avoid highlighting an icon + +When right clicking in the white space, avoid accidentally highlighting any of +the folder icons, because this will display information pertaining only to that +folder. + + +Available disk space for the root device + + + + + + + + + + +Checking usage via Partition Manager + +By default in Kubuntu, the application Partition +Manager is not installed. Please install the Partition +Manager package prior to doing the following procedure. + + + + +Open Partition Manager by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). A +password may be required. + + + + +Click on the device in the +Device section in the left-hand side of the main window. + + + + +Remaining space can be determined by subtracting the amount in the +Used column from the amount in the +Size column. The information can also be displayed by +right clicking on the partition in the list and +selecting Properties. + +Available disk space with Partition Manager + + + + + + + + + + + +How can some disk space be freed up? + +There are several ways of making more disk space available: + + + + +Empty the trash. Open Dolphin by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). Click the +Trash on the left, right +click in the white space and select Empty +Trash. + + + + +Install Computer Janitor for GTK +first. Once installed, open Computer Janitor by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemComputer Janitor. Select the Packages to be +removed. When completed, click the Do +selected tasks button. + +Freeing disk space with Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + + +Remove software packages that are no longer being used. See Managing Software for information +on removing packages. + + + + +Delete files that are no longer needed. + + + +Be careful not to delete files that are still needed! + + + + + +Compress and archive old, rarely-used documents: + + + + +Select the files and folders to be compressed, right +click one of them and select +CompressAs ZIP/TAR +Archive or any of the other choices. + + + + + +Partitioning a device + +Partition Manager can be used to partition storage +devices. Install the Partition +Manager package first, as it is not installed by default +in Kubuntu. Once installed, open Partition Manager +by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + + + +Be careful when altering disk partitions, as it is possible to lose data by +deleting or changing the wrong partition. + + + +For more information on using Partition Manager to +resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review . + + + +Formatting a partition + +Partition Manager can be used to format disk +partitions. Please review . + + + +What is formatting? + +To format a hard disk, device or partition means to prepare that particular +device to store data. + + +When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is +applied to that device; this format is the filesystem. + + +A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for +storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less +than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device +usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use +different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further +discrepancies. + + + +What is a filesystem + +A filesystem is a particular way of storing and organizing files on a storage +device such as a hard disk, and is an important part of an operating system. +Without a filesystem, accessing and storing files would be difficult. + + +There are different types of filesystem. The most common are: + + + + +ext2, ext3, and ext4: these are usually found on GNU/Linux operating systems. +Kubuntu uses ext4 as its default filesystem. + + + + +FAT16 and FAT32 are Microsoft Windows +filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the +FAT32 format is a good choice. + + + + +NTFS is the filesystem type used by more modern +versions of Microsoft Windows. + + + + +HFS+ is the Mac OS X default filesystem type. + + + + + +What is a partition? + +A partition is a means of dividing the storage capacity of a device, such as a +hard disk, into several parts which can then be treated as separate storage +devices (logical devices). + + +Each logical device is seen by the operating system as a distinct device, and +thus is treated as an independent disk. + + +Partitioning a hard disk can be done for several reasons: + + + + +To retrieve free space + + + + +To install different operating systems + + + + +To organize data better on the hard disk + + + + + +Mounting and unmounting devices + +When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be +mounted by the operating system so the files on the +device can be accessed. + + +When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the +device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can +all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the +device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some +or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be +unmounted before being disconnected. + +Mounting a device + + +Plug in the removable storage device. + + + + +A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner +of the screen. By clicking the device in the popup +menu, the device will be mounted. As soon as it is mounted, +either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains +a list of options for the device. + + + +Unmounting a device + + +In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that +represents the Device Notifier. Click on the icon, +and a popup menu will appear. + + + + +Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon +on the right side. Click on the icon to +unmount the removable device. + + + + + + + + +Laptops + +This section contains information for people using Kubuntu on a laptop +computer. + + +Power management settings + +Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery +life and reduce energy waste. + + + + +Press the power management icon which looks like a +battery in the system tray. + + + + +Change the settings as appropriate. Changes are applied instantly. + + + + +Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go +blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery +life. In Kubuntu, the screensaver is set to blank as default. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Desktop icon. + + + + +Press the Screen Saver icon. + + + + +Select screen saver and then press Apply. + + + + + +Touchpads + +Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse +pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most +basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way: + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +button. + + + + +Press the Touchpad icon. + + + + +Make any desired touchpad setting changess. Changes should take effect +immediately. + + + + + +Finding laptop testing reports + +Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features +work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may +offer insights into any laptop problems. + + + + +Review the Laptop Testing community support pages +for a full listing of available laptop tests. + + + + +You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + + +Suspending and Hibernating + +In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of +power-saving modes when it is not being used. + + + + +Suspending a computer is like putting the +computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be +left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key +or clicking the mouse. + + + + +Hibernating means turning the computer off +completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all +open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work +will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the +computer is hibernating. + + + + +Shutting down is turning the computer off +completely, without saving the current state of the computer. No power is used +when the computer is shut down. + + + + +Resuming is bringing the computer out of a +power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed +from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse. +Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer. + + + + +Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options +in the System section of the Leave +menu in Kickoff. + + + +Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain +power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a +power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as +expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating. + + + +The computer does not suspend or hibernate correctly + +Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with Kubuntu, and +may show some of the following symptoms: + + + + +The computer does not turn off after hibernate has been clicked. + + + + +When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs +are not restored. + + + + +The computer will not wake up after it has been suspended. + + + + +Certain programs or hardware devices stop working correctly after resuming from +hibernation or waking-up from being suspended. + + + + +If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to Launchpad. The problems +may be fixed in a subsequent version of Kubuntu. + + +If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart +the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work +properly, try closing the program and then starting it again. + + + +Make sure to save all open documents before testing for suspend and hibernate +problems. + + + + +There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is +hibernated + +The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to +hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the +graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the +hibernation process. + + +If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without +turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to The computer does not suspend or hibernate +correctly for more information. + + + + + + +Mice and Keyboards + +This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and +other input devices to make them more comfortable to use. + + +Mice and other pointing devices + +Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and +how clicks are interpreted by the computer. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Mouse icon. + + + + + +Keyboards + +There are several keyboard options, such as the keyboard language and keyboard +shortcuts. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Keyboard icon. + + + + + +Touchpads and graphics tablets + +A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer. + + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/it/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/it/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/it/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/it/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,865 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hardware +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento tratta i fondamenti per lavorare con l'hardware in un sistema Linux. + +https://launchpad.net/people/ubuntu-l10n-it Luca Padrin <luca@mandarinlogiq.org>, 2006. Dario Cavedon <dcavedon@gmail.com>, 2006.Ubuntu Italian Translators + + +Introduzione + +Un computer consiste di una serie di dispositivi connessi tra loro conosciuti nel loro insieme come hardware del computer. Kubuntu in genere configura automaticamente l'hardware, ma in alcune occasioni potrebbe essere necessario modificarne manualmente le impostazioni. Questa sezione fornisce una guida agli strumenti per la configurazione dell'hardware. + + + + +Dispositivi proprietari +Alcuni dispositivi collegati al computer possono richiedere driver proprietari per il loro corretto funzionamento. La maggior parte delle volte, essi sono dispositivi video oppure di rete senza fili. + +Un driver proprietario è un'applicazione software di gestione dell'hardware non libera e open source. Tipicamente, il software è nascosto e controllato dall'azienda che vende l'hardware. + +La maggior parte dei dispositivi (hardware) collegati ai computer dovrebbero funzionare correttamente in Kubuntu. I dispositivi possiedono probabilmente driver aperti. Questi driver possono essere liberamente modificati dagli sviluppatori per risolvere qualsiasi problema o incompatibilità con Linux. +Alcuni dispositivi hardware non possiedono driver aperti, in genere perché il produttore non ha reso note le specifiche del suo hardware, le quali rendono possibile la creazione dei driver per i sistemi Linux. Se il produttore non ha progettato driver Linux, l'hardware potrebbe avere funzionalità limitate o non funzionare per nulla. +Se per un dispositivo è disponibile il corretto driver proprietario, esso può essere installato per consentire il corretto funzionamento del dispositivo, o per aggiungervi delle nuove caratteristiche. Per esempio, l'installazione di driver proprietari per certe schede grafiche permette l'uso avanzato degli effetti visivi. +Alcuni computer potrebbero non possedere dispositivi che usano driver proprietari, sia perché tutti i dispositivi sono completamente supportati, sia perché i driver proprietari non sono ancora disponibili. + +I driver proprietari sono in genere gestiti dal produttore hardware, dunque non possono essere modificati dagli sviluppatori se si verifica un problema. + + +Gestire i driver proprietari +Kubuntu possiede un'applicazione creata dagli sviluppatori di Ubuntu che gestisce i driver proprietari. Questa applicazione si chiama Jockey e in Kubuntu è chiamata jockey-kde. Può essere avviata da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaHardware Drivers. +Per utilizzare un driver proprietario per un dispositivo: + +Aprite Jockey da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaHardware Drivers. + + +Individuate il driver da abilitare e verificate la descrizione. + + +PremeteAttiva per abilitare il driver. Può essere richiesta una password. + + +Potrebbe essere necessario scaricare e installare il driver proprietario. + + +Potrebbe essere necessario riavviare il computer per completare l'abilitazione del driver; il processo di installazione del driver non sempre indica questo requisito. + + +Disabilitare un driver proprietario per un dispositivo: + +Aprite Jockey da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaHardware Drivers. + + +Individuate il driver da disabilitare e verificate la descrizione. + + +PremeteRimuovi per disabilitare il driver e continuare a usare quello libero, se disponibile. Può essere richiesta una password. + + +Potrebbe essere necessario riavviare il computer per completare la disabilitazione del driver. + + + + + + + +Dischi e partizioni +Questa sezione fornisce istruzioni su come gestire dischi e dispositivi tipo i dischi fissi rimovibili. + +partizione +partizioni + + +partizionamento + + +formattare +formattazione + + +mount + + +unmount +umount + + +filesystem +file system + + +Verificare lo spazio disponibile su disco +Esistono diversi modi per verificare lo spazio disponibile su disco in un sistema Kubuntu. + + + +Verifica tramite riga di comando + + + + +Verifica tramite il gestore di file + + + + +Verifica tramite il gestore delle partizioni + + + + +Verificare lo spazio disponibile su disco tramite la riga di comando + + +Aprire Konsole da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaTerminale (Konsole). + + +Al prompt, digitate df -h + + +Dovrebbe essere visualizzato restituito un risultato simile al seguente: + +File system Dim. Usati Disp. Uso% Montato su +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + +Il comando df indica l'uso dello spazio su disco del file system. -h istruisce df a restituire il risultato in un formato comprensibile. + + +Verificare lo spazio disponibile su disco tramite il gestore di file +Gestori di file +La seguente procedura può essere completata sia con Dolphin, sia con Konqueror. In questo esempio verrà mostrato Dolphin, dato che è il gestore di file predefinito in Kubuntu. + + + +Aprite Dolphin da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestore dei file (Dolphin). + + +Fate clic sul pulsante di collegamento Radice sulla sinistra. + + +Per verificare quanto spazio è disponibile nella partizione radice (root), fate clic col tasto destro del mouse in un punto vuoto qualsiasi della finestra principale. Selezionate Proprietà dall'elenco visualizzato. +Evitate l'evidenziazione di un'icona +Quando fate clic sullo spazio vuoto, evitate di evidenziare accidentalmente l'icona di una qualsiasi cartella, poiché questo mostrerebbe solo le informazioni appartenenti a quella cartella. + +Disco su spazio disponibile per il dispositivo radice (root) + + + + + + + + + + +Verificare tramite il gestore delle partizioni +Per impostazione predefinita, in Kubuntu l'applicazione Gestore delle partizioni non è installata. Installate il pacchetto Partition Manager prima di eseguire la seguente procedura. + + +Aprite Gestore delle partizioni da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaEditor delle partizioni (KDE Partition Manager). Può essere richiesta una password. + + +Fate clic sul dispositivo nella sezione Dispositivo nella parte sinistra della finestra principale. + + +Lo spazio rimanente può essere determinato sottraendo la quantità nella colonna Usato dalla quantità nella colonna Dimensione. L'informazione può essere visualizzata anche facendo clic col tasto destro del mouse sulla partizione nell'elenco e selezionando Proprietà. +Spazio su disco disponibile col Gestore partizioni + + + + + + + + + + + +Come posso liberare un po' di spazio? +Esistono diversi modi per liberare spazio sul disco: + + +Vuotate il cestino. Aprite Dolphin da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestore dei file (Dolphin). Fate clic sul Cestino alla sinistra, fate clic col tasto destro del mouse nello spazio vuoto e selezionate Svuota cestino. + + +Per primo Installate Computer Janitor for GTK. Dopo averlo installato, aprite Computer Janitor da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaComputer Janitor. Selezionate i pacchetti da rimuovere. Dopo completato, fate clic sul pulsante Esegui le operazioni selezionate . +Liberare spazio su disco con Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + +Rimuovere i pacchetti software che non sono più utilizzati. Per informazioni sulla rimozione di pacchetti, consultate Gestione del software. + + +Eliminate i file non più necessari. + +Fate attenzione a non eliminare file ancora necessari! + + + +Comprimete e archiviate i documenti vecchi usati raramente: + + +Selezionate i file e le cartelle da comprimere, fate clic col tasto destro mouse su ciascuno di essi e scegliete ComprimiCome archivio ZIP/TAR, oppure una delle altre possibilità. + + + + +Partizionare un dispositivo +Partition Manager può essere utiizzato per suddividere i dispositivi di archiviazione. Installate prima il pacchetto Partition Manager package , non essendo installato per impostazione predefinita in Kubuntu. Una volta installato, aprite Partition Manager da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + +Attenzione quando si modificano le partizioni dei dischi, poiché si possono verificare perdite di dati o modificare le partizioni sbagliate. + +Per ulteriori informazioni sull'uso di Partition Manager per ridimensionare, copiare o installare un nuovo sistema operativo, consultate . + + +Formattare una partizione +Partition Manager può essere utilizzato per formattare le partizioni del disco. Consultate . + + +Cosa significa formattare? +Formattare un disco fisso, un dispositivo o una partizione significa preparare quel particolare dispositivo alla memorizzazione dei dati. +Quando un disco fisso, o una partizione, viene formattato, a quel dispositivo viene applicato uno speciale formato per l'archiviazione dati; questo formato è il file system. +Un disco nuovo appena acquistato in genere non è formattato e non può essere utilizzato per la memorizzazione dei dati. Dopo che il dispositivo viene formattato, il suo spazio libero è meno dello spazio originale. Una parte di spazio del disco viene utilizzata per rendere utilizzabile il dispositivo; questo spazio è occupato dal file system. Inoltre, i produttori di dischi usano diversi standard per esprimere la capacità del disco, e questo causa ulteriori discrepanze. + + +Che cos'è un file system +Un file system è un particolare meccanismo con cui i file vengono archiviati e organizzati su un dispositivo di archiviazione come un disco fisso ed è una parte importante di un sistema operativo. Senza un file system, accedere e salvare file sarebbe impossibile. +Esistono diversi tipi di file system. I più comuni sono: + + +ext2, ext3, ed ext4: sono presenti in genere nei sistemi operativi GNU/Linux. Kubuntu usa ext4 come file system predefinito. + + +FAT16 e FAT32 sono file system di Microsoft Windows e si trovano nei computer più vecchi. Per condividere dati tra due computer, il formato FAT32 è una buona scelta. + + +NTFS è il tipo di file system usato dalle versioni più moderne di Microsoft Windows. + + +HFS+ è il tiop di file system predefinito in Mac OS X. + + + + +Che cos'è una partizione? +Una partizione è un metodo per dividere un dispositivo fisico, come un disco fisso, in diverse parti che possono essere considerate come dispositivi di archiviazione separati (dispositivi logici). +Ogni dispositivo logico è visto dal sistema operativo come un dispositivo distinto e viene trattato come un disco indipendente. +La partizione di un disco fisso può essere effettuata per diverse ragioni: + + +per recuperare spazio libero + + +per installare diversi sistemi operativi + + +per organizzare meglio i dati sul disco + + + + +Montare e smontare i dispositivi +Quando un dispositivo di archiviazione viene collegato a un computer, deve essere mounted dal sistema operativo affinché si possa accedere ai file presenti nel dispositivo. +Quando vengono copiati in un dispositivo di archiviazione, i file non sempre vi vengono scritti immediatamente. Essi, invece, sono spesso memorizzati in una coda affinché il trasferimento al dispositivo avvenga per tutti contemporanemente (per questioni di efficienza). Se il dispositivo è scollegato prima che tutti i file sono trasferiti, alcuni di essi, o tutti, potrebbero andare persi. Per evitare questo, un dispositivo di archiviazione, prima di essere scollegato, deve essere smontato. +Montare un dispositivo + +Collegate un dispositivo di archiviazione rimovibile + + +Apparirà un menu di notifica e un'icona circolare azzurra nell'angolo in basso a destra dello schermo. Se si fa clic sul dispositivo nel menu a comparsa, esso verrà montato. Non appena il dispositivo viene montato, apparirà o il gestore dei file o una finestra contenente un elenco di opzioni per esso. + + +Smontare un dispositivo + +Nel vassoio di sistema è presente un'icona che assomiglia a un monitor per computer e che rappresenta il Notificatore dei dispositivi. Fate clic sull'icona e apparirà un menu. + + +Passando sopra sulla descrizione del dispositivo col cursore, sul lato destro verrà visualizzata l'icona di espulsione. Fate clic sull'icona per smontare il dispositivo rimovibile. + + + + + + + +Computer portatili +Questa sezione tratta l'uso di Kubuntu su un computer portatile. + +Impostazioni per il risparmio energetico +La modifica delle impostazioni per il risparmio energetico di un computer portatile può estendere la vita della batteria e ridurre il consumo di energia. + + +Premete l'icona di gestione del risparmio energetico che assomiglia a una batteria, presente nel vassoio di sistema. + + +Modificate le impostazioni come desiderato. Le modifiche sono applicate immediatamente. + + +Visualizzare un salvaschermo può utilizzare più energia rispetto al semplice spegnimento dello schermo. Disattivare il salvaschermo può migliorare la vita della batteria del portatile. Per impostazione predefinita, in Kubuntu il salvaschermo è disattivato. + + +Aprite Impostazioni di sistema da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. + + +Premete l'icona Desktop. + + +Premete l'icona Salvaschermo. + + +Selezionate salvaschermo, poi premete Applica. + + + + +Touchpad +La maggior parte dei computer portatili è fornita di touchpad, usato per controllare il puntatore del mouse. Esistono tanti modi di modificare il comportamento del touchpad. Le principali impostazioni di base possono essere configurate nel seguente modo: + + +Aprite Impostazioni di sistema da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. + + +Premete il pulsante Tastiera e mouse. + + +Premete l'icona Touchpad. + + +Modificate le impostazioni del touchpad come desiderato. Le modifiche avranno effetto immediato. + + + + +Trovare resoconti di test dei portatili +Alcuni computer portatili vengono testati dalla comunità Ubuntu per assicurare che le loro caratteristiche funzionino correttamente. I risultati di questi test sono disponibili e rappresentano un approfondimento su tutti i problemi dei portatili. + + +Per un elenco completo dei test dei portatili disponibili, consultate le pagine di supporto della comunità per il test dei portatili. + + +Potete partecipare direttamente ai test sui portatili visitando la pagina Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + +Sospensione e ibernazione +Quando non in uso, un computer può essere impostato in diverse modalità di risparmio energetico. + + +Sospendere un computer significa quasi metterlo a dormire. Il computer sarà ancora acceso e il lavoro in esecuzione aperto, ma utilizzerà meno energia. Per risvegliarlo, premete un tasto o il mouse. + + +Ibernare il computer significa spegnerlo completamente salvando il suo stato corrente (per esempio, mantenendo tutti i documenti aperti). Quando il computer viene richiamato dall'ibernazione, tutto il lavoro aperto in precedenza verrà ripristinato. Durante l'ibernazione non viene usata corrente. + + +Arrestare il computer significa spegnerlo completamente, senza salvarne lo stato corrente. Quando il computer è spento non viene consumata corrente. + + +Risvegliare significa riportare il computer alla normale operatività dopo un periodo di risparmio energetico. Il computer può essere richiamato dalla sospensione premendo un tasto della tastiera o del mouse. Richiamate il computer dall'ibernazione premendo il suo pulsante di accensione. + + +Impostate manualmente il computer in una delle modalità di risparmio energetico, selezionando una delle opzioni nella sezione Sistema del menu Esci di Kickoff. + +Alcuni computer potrebbero riscontrare problemi nell'entrare ed uscire da certe modalità di risparmio energetico. Il modo migliore di verificare se un computer può gestire una modalità di risparmio energetico è provarla. Passate a quella modalità e vedete se funziona. Prima di sospendere o ibernare, però, salvate i documenti importanti. + + +Il computer non sospende o non si iberna correttamente +Certi computer non sono in grado di sospendersi o ibernarsi correttamente in Kubuntu, e questo viene dimostrato dai seguenti sintomi: + + +Il computer non si spegne dopo che viene premuto il pulsante di ibernazione. + + +Quando il computer viene richiamato dopo l'ibernazione, i programmi precedentemente aperti non vengono ripristinati. + + +Il computer non si «sveglia» dopo la sospensione. + + +Alcuni programmi o dispositivi hardware non funzionano più correttamente quando riattivati dopo un'azione di ibernazione o sospensione. + + +Se si verifica uno di questi problemi, dovrebbe essere inviata una segnalazione di errore a Launchpad. I problemi potrebbero essere risolti in una versione successiva di Kubuntu. +Se l'hardware non funziona correttamente dopo una sospensione o un'ibernazione, riavviate il computer per riportarlo alla normalità. Se un programma non funziona correttamente, provate a chiuderlo e a riavviarlo. + +Assicuratevi di salvare tutti i documenti aperti prima di eseguire un test sui problemi di sospensione e ibernazione. + + + +C'è uno strano disegno sullo schermo quando il computer viene ibernato +Lo schermo può mostrare un disegno bianco e nero dopo un'azione di ibernazione. Non c'è, in genere, nulla di cui preoccuparsi, è il modo in cui certe schede grafiche rispondono agli stadi iniziali del processo di ibernazione. +Se il computer mostra il disegno per un tempo prolungato senza spegnersi, allora esiste un problema con l'ibernazione. Fate riferimento a Il computer non si sospende o si iberna correttamente, per ulteriori informazioni. + + + + + +Mouse e tastiere +Questa sezione fornisce istruzioni sull'uso e la configurazione di mouse, tastiere e altri dispositivi di immissione, per facilitarne il loro utilizzo. + +Mouse e altri dispositivi di puntamento +Possono essere modificate numerose opzioni per il mouse, ad esempio la velocità del puntatore o l'interpretazione dei clic da parte del computer. + + +Aprite Impostazioni di sistema da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. + + +Premete l'icona Tastiera e mouse. + + +Premete l'icona Mouse. + + + + +Tastiere +Esistono varie opzioni per la tastiera, come la lingua e le scorciatoie da utilizzare. + + +Aprite Impostazioni di sistema da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. + + +Premete l'icona Tastiera e mouse. + + +Premete l'icona Tastiera. + + + + +Touchpad e tavolette grafiche +Il touchpad o la tavoletta grafica possono essere usati per spostare il puntatore del mouse. + + + +Touchpad + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/km/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/km/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/km/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/km/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,865 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ផ្នែក​រឹង +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពី​មូលដ្ឋាន​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ផ្នែក​រឹង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​លីនុច ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ + +កុំព្យូទ័រ​មាន​ឧបករណ៍​តភ្ជាប់​គ្នា​មួយ​ចំនួន ដែល​គេ​ស្គាល់​ជា​ទូទៅ​ថាជា​ ផ្នែក​រឹង​ របស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ ជា​ធម្មតា​ គូប៊ុនទូ នឹង​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ផ្នែក​រឹង​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ ប៉ុន្តែ​ពេល​ខ្លះ ក៏​ចាំ​បាច់​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ធ្វើ​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ដោយ​ដៃ​ទៅ​កាន់​ការកំណត់​ផ្នែក​រឹង​ដែរ ។ ផ្នែក​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ សម្រាប់​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ផ្នែក​រឹង ។ + + + + +ឧបករណ៍​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ +ឧបករណ៍​ខ្លះ​ដែល​បាន​តភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​កាន់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​អាច​នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្ម​សិទ្ធិ​ ដើម្បី​ដំណើរការ​ឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ ភាគ​ច្រើន ឧបករណ៍​ទាំង​នេះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​វីដេអូ និង​ការតជា​បណ្តាញ​ឥត​ខ្សែ ។ + +កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ​គឺជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ផ្នែក​រឹង​ ដែលគិត​ថ្លៃ និង​មិន​មែន​ជា​ប្រភព​កម្មវិធី​កូដ​ចំហ ។ ជា​ធម្មតា កម្មវិធី​នេះ​​មិន​បង្ហាញ​ជា​សាធារណៈទេ ហើយ​វា​​ត្រូវ​បាន​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដោយ​ក្រុមហ៊ុន​ដែល​លក់​ផ្នែក​រឹង ។ + +ឧបករណ៍​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ (ផ្នែក​​រឹង​) ដែល​ភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​នឹង​ដំណើរការ​បាន​យ៉ាង​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ ឧបករណ៍​ទាំង​នេះ​ទំនង​ជា​មាន​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​ ។ អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​​អាច​កែ​ប្រែ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ទាំង​នេះ​ដោយ​សេរី និង​អាច​ដោះ​ស្រាយ​​​បញ្ហា​ និង​ភាព​មិន​ឆប​គ្នា​ណា​មួយ​​​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​លីនុច​បាន​ទៀត​ផង ។ +ផ្នែក​រឹង​ខ្លះ​មិន​មាន​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​ ជា​ទូទៅ​ដោយ​សារ​តែ​ ក្រុម​ហ៊ុន​ផលិត​ផ្នែក​រឹង​​មិន​បាន​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​លម្អិត​អំពី​ផ្នែក​រឹង​របស់​ពួក​គេ​ ដែល​នឹង​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​វា​អាច​បង្កើត​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដូចនេះ​ សម្រាប់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​លីនុច​បាន ។ បើ​ក្រុម​ហ៊ុននោះ​មិន​បាន​បង្កើត​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​លីនុច​ទេ ផ្នែក​រឹង​អាច​នឹង​មាន​មុខ​ងារ​ដែល​មាន​កម្រិត ឬ​អាច​នឹង​មិន​ដំណើរ​ការតែ​ម្តង ។ +បើ​សិន​អាច​មាន​ កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ​ ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ សម្រាប់​ឧបករណ៍​មួយ​ចំនួន​ វានឹង​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ឧបករណ៍​នោះ​ដំណើរ​ការ​យ៉ាង​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ឬ​ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ថ្មី ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ​សម្រាប់​កាត​ក្រាហ្វិក​មួយ​ចំនួន​នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ប្រើ​បែបផែនមើល​ឃើញ​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ ។ +កុំព្យូទ័រ​ខ្លះប្រហែល​ជា​មិន​មាន​ឧបករណ៍​ណា​មួយ​ ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិបាន​​ ទាំង​នេះ​ ក៏​ដោយ​សារតែ​ ឧបករណ៍​ទាំង​អស់​ត្រូវ​បាន​គាំ​ទ្រ​ទាំង​ស្រុង​ដោយ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ ឬ​ដោយ​សារ​ មិន​ទាន់​មាន​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មានកម្មសិទ្ធិ ។ + +កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ​ជា​ធម្មតា​​ត្រូវ​បាន​ថែ​ទាំ​ដោយ​ក្រុមហ៊ុនផលិត​ផ្នែក​រឹង ហេតុ​ដូច្នេះ​​ អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​មិន​អាច​ធ្វើ​ការ​កែប្រែ​បានទេ បើ​សិន​ជា​មាន​បញ្ហា​ ។ + + +ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ +គូប៊ុនទូ ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ ដែល​បាន​អភិវឌ្ឍ​ដោយ​អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូដែល​ថែទាំ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ ។ គេ​ស្គាល់​កម្មវិធីនេះ​​ថា​ជា Jockey ហើយ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ថា jockey-kde>. អា​ច​បើក​វា​បាន ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ផ្នែក​រឹង ។ +ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ​សម្រាប់​ឧបករណ៍ ៖ + +បើក​ Jockey ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ផ្នែក​រឹង​ ។ + + +រក​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បើក​ និង​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា ។ + + +ចុច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​សកម្ម​ ដើម្បី​បើក​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា ។ អាច​នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ + + +កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ទាញ​យក និង​ដំឡើង ។ + + +ចាំ​បាច់​ត្រូវ​តែ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ឡើង​វិញ​ ដើម្បី​បញ្ចប់​ការបើក​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា ដំណើរការ​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​នឹង​មិន​បង្ហាញ​ការទាម​ទារ​នេះ​ជា​និច្ច​ទេ ។ + + +បិទ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ​សម្រាប់​ឧបករណ៍ ៖ + +បើក​ Jockey ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ផ្នែក​រឹង​ ។ + + +រក​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​ត្រូវបិទ និង​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា ។ + + +ចុច​យក​ចេញ ដើម្បី​បិទ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា និង​បន្ត​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​ដោយ​សេរី បើ​សិន​មាន ។ អាច​នឹងទាម​ទារ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ + + +ចាំ​បាច់​ត្រូវ​ចាប់​ផ្តើមកុំព្យូទ័រ​ឡើង​វិញ ដើម្បី​បញ្ចប់​ការ​បិទកម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា ។ + + + + + + + +ថាស និង​ ភាគថាស +ផ្នែក​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការ​ណែនាំ​អំពី​របៀប​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ថាស និង​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ ដូច​ជា​ថាស​រឹង​ដែល​អាច​ចល័ត​បាន ។ + +ភាគ​ថាស +ភាគ​ថាស + + +ការចែក​ភាគ​ថាស + + +ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ +ការ​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ + + +ម៉ោន + + +អាន់​ម៉ោន +អាន់​ម៉ោន + + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ + + +ពិនិត្យ​មើល​​ទំហំ​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន +មាន​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​បី​បួន​យ៉ាង ដើម្បី​មើល​ទំហំ​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + +ពិនិត្យ​តាម​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា + + + + +ពិនិត្យ​តាម​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ + + + + +ពិនិត្យ​តាម​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស + + + + +ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ទំហំ​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​​តាម​រយៈ​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា + + +បើក​ កុង​សូល ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​ស្ថានីយ (កុងសូល) ។ + + +នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ df -h + + +លទ្ធផល​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ ៖ + +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ df រាយ​ការណ៍​អំពី​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ទំហំ​ថាស​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ ។ -h ប្រាប់​ df ឲ្យ​បង្កើត​លទ្ធផល​ដែល​មនុស្ស​អាច​អាន​បាន ។ + + +ពិនិត្យ​មើល​​ទំហំ​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​​តាម​រយៈ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ +កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ +បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បញ្ចប់​ជា​មួយ​ Dolphin ឬ​ Konqueror ។ Dolphin នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឧទាហរណ៍​នេះ ពីព្រោះ​វា​ជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ​លំនាំ​ដើម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + +បើក​ Dolphin ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ​ (Dolphin) ។ + + +ចុច​ លើ​ប៊ូតុង​ផ្លូវ​កាត់​ Root នៅ​ខាង​ឆ្វេង ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​​​ទំហំ​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ភាគ​ថាស​ root ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទៃ​ទំនេរ​ណា​មួយ​ក្នុង​បង្អួច​មេ ។ ជ្រើស​ លក្ខណ​សម្បត្តិ ពី​បញ្ជី​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ ។ +កុំ​បន្លិច​រូបតំណាង +នៅ​ពេល​ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំនៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទៃ​ទំនេរ ដាច់​ខាត​កុំ​បន្លិចរូប​តំណាង​ថត​ណា​មួយ ពីព្រោះ​វា​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​​នឹង​ថត​នោះ​តែ​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ + +ទំហំ​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន សម្រាប់​ឧបករណ៍​ root + + + + + + + + + + +ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​តាម​រយៈ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស +តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ កម្មវិធី​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស​ មិន​ទាន់​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ទេ ។ សូម​ ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស ជា​មុន​សិន មុន​នឹង​ធ្វើ​តាម​បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ។ + + +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កម្មវិធី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ភាគ​ថាស (កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស KDE ) ។ អាច​ទាម​ទារ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ + + +ចុច​ លើ​ឧបករណ៍​នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ ឧបករណ៍ នៅ​ខាង​ឆ្វេង​ដៃ​នៃ​បង្អួម​មេ ។ + + +ទំហំ​ដែល​នៅ​សល់​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​ ដោយ​ដក​ចំនួន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ជួរ​ឈរ​ ដែល​បាន​ប្រើ​ ពី​ចំនួន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ជួរ​ឈរ​ ទំហំ ។ ព័ត៌មាន​ក៏​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្ហាញ​ដោយ​ ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ លើ​ ភាគ​ថាស នៅ​ក្នុង​បញ្ជី រួចជ្រើស​ លក្ខណៈ​សម្បត្តិ ។ +ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ទំហំថាស​​ប្រើ​បាន ដោយ​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រងភាគ​ថាស + + + + + + + + + + + +តើ​ធ្វើ​យ៉ាង​ណា​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​មាន​ទំហំ​ថាស​ទំនេរ ? +មាន​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​បី​បួន​យ៉ាង​ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ទំហំ​ថាស​ទំនេរ​កាន់​តែ​ច្រើន​ ៖ + + +សម្អាត​ធុង​សំរាម ។ បើក​ Dolphin ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធកម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ (Dolphin)។ ចុច​ ធុង​សំរាម​ នៅ​ខាង​ឆ្វេង ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ នៅ​លើ​ផ្ទៃ​ទំនេរ រួច​ជ្រើស​ សម្អាត​ធុង​សំរាម ។ + + +ដំបូង ដំឡើង​ Computer Janitor សម្រាប់​ GTK ។ ពេល​ដំឡើង​ហើយ​ បើក​ Computer Janitor ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​Computer Janitor ។ ជ្រើស​ កញ្ចប់​ ដែល​ត្រូវ​យក​ចេញ ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ធ្វើ​ភារកិច្ច​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស​ ។ +ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ទំហំ​ថាស​ទំនេរ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + +យក​កញ្ចប់​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​លែង​ប្រើ​ចេញ ។ ចំពោះ​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការយក​កញ្ចប់​ចេញ សូម​មើល​ ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +លុប​ឯកសារ​ដែល​លែង​ត្រូវ​ការ ។ + +ប្រយ័ត្ន​ កុំលុប​ឯកសារ​ដែល​នៅ​ត្រូវ​ការ ! + + + +បង្ហាប់ និង​ទុក​ឯកសារ​ចាស់​ៗ​ដែល​កម្រ​ប្រើ​ក្នុង​ប័ណ្ណសារ ៖ + + +ជ្រើស​ឯកសារ​ និង​ថត​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាប់ ចុច​កណ្តុរស្តាំ​ លើ​ឯកសារ​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​ឡាយ រួច​ជ្រើស​ បង្ហាប់​ជា​ប័ណ្ណសារ ZIP/TAR ឬ​ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + + + +ការចែក​ភាគ​ថាស​ឧបករណ៍ +កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស​ អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​ចែក​ភាគថាស​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក ។ ដំបូង​ ដំឡើង + +ប្រុង​ប្រយ័ត្ន​ នៅ​ពេល​កែ​ប្រែ​ភាគ​ថាស ដោយ​សារ​វា​អាច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​បាត់​បង់​ទិន្នន័យ​ ដោយ​ការលុប ឬ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ភាគ​ថាស​មិន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការប្រើ​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស​ ដើម្បី​ទាញ​យក​ ចម្លង ឬ​ដំឡើង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ថ្មី​ សូម​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ ។ + + +ការធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ភាគថាស +កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ភាគ​ថាស​ អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ភាគ​ថាស ។ សូម​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ ។ + + +តើ​ការ​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​គឺ​ជា​អ្វី ? +ចំពោះ​ការ​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ថាស​រឹង​ ឧបករណ៍ ឬ​ភាគ​ថាសមាន​ន័យ​ថា​ជា​ការ​រៀប​ចំ​ឧបករណ៍​ពិសេស​ណា​មួយ ដើម្បី​រក្សា​ទុក​ទិន្នន័យ ។ +នៅ​ពេល​ថាស​រឹង ឬ​ភាគ​ថាស​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ផ្ទុក​ទិន្នន័យ​ជាក់​លាក់​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​អនុវត្ត​ទៅ​ឧបករណ៍​នោះ ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​នេះ​គឺ​ជា​ ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ ។ +ជាធម្មតា​ថាស​ដែល​ទើប​តែ​បាន​ទិញ​ថ្មី​ៗ​មិន​ទាន់​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ និង​មិន​ទាន់​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​រក្សា​ទុក​ទិន្នន័យ​ទេ ។ បន្ទាប់​ពី​ឧបករណ៍​នោះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយហើយ​ ទំហំ​ទំនេរ​នៅ​លើ​វានឹង​​មានទំហំ​តិច​ជាង​ទំហំ​ដើម ។ ទំហំ​ថាស​ខ្លះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ឧបករណ៍​អាច​ប្រើបាន​ ទំហំនេះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដោយ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ ។ ជាង​នេះ​ទៀត ក្រុមហ៊ុន​ផលិត​ថាស​ប្រើ​ស្តង់ដារ​ខុសៗ​គ្នា​ ដើម្បី​បង្ហាញសមត្ថភាព​ថាស ដែល​អាច​នឹង​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​កម្រិត​មិន​ស្មើ​ខ្លះ​ៗ ។ + + +តើ​ប្រព័ន្ធឯកសារ​គឺ​ជាអ្វី +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​គឺ​ជា​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ពិសេសក្នុង​ការ​តម្រៀប និង​រៀប​ចំ​ឯកសារនៅ​ក្នុង​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ ដូច​ជា​ថាស​រឹងជា​ដើម និង​ជា​ផ្នែក​មួយ​ដ៏​សំខាន់​របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការផង​ដែរ ។ បើ​គ្មាន​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ទេ ការចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ និង​រក្សា​ទុក​ឯកសារនឹង​មាន​ភាព​ពិបាក ។ +មាន​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​បី​ប្រភេទ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា ។ ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ទូទៅ​ជាង​គេគឺ ៖ + + +ext2, ext3 និង​ ext4 ៖ ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​នេះ​ជា​ទូទៅ​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​រក​ឃើញ​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ GNU/លីនុច ។ គូប៊ុនទូ ប្រើ​ ext4 ជា​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​លំនាំ​ដើម​របស់​វា ។ + + +FAT16 និង​ FAT32 គឺ​ជា​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​របស់​ម៉ៃក្រូសូហ្វ​វីនដូដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​រក​ឃើញ​នៅ​លើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ចាស់​ៗ ។ ដើម្បី​ចែក​រំលែក​ទិន្នន័យ​រវាង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ទាំង​ពីរ ការប្រើទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​​FAT32 គឺ​ជា​ជម្រើស​ដែល​ល្អ​បំផុត ។ + + +NTFS គឺ​ជា​ប្រភេទ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ដែល​ប្រើ​ដោយ​កំណែ​ម៉ៃក្រូសូហ្វ​វីនដូ​ដែល​ថ្មី​បំផុត ។ + + +HFS+ គឺ​ជា​ប្រភេទ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​លំនាំ​ដើម​របស់ Mac OS X ។ + + + + +តើ​ភាគ​ថាស​គឺ​ជាអ្វី ? +ភាគ​ថាស​គឺ​ជា​មធ្យោបាយ​បែង​ចែកសមត្ថភាព​ផ្ទុក​របស់​ឧបករណ៍ ដូច​ជា​ថាស​រឹង ជា​ដើម​ ទៅ​ជាបី​បួន​ផ្នែក​ ដែល​បន្ទាប់​មក​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចាត់​ទុក​ថា​ជា​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ផ្សេង​ពី​គ្នា​ (ឧបករណ៍​ឡូជីខល) ។ +ឧបករណ៍​ឡូជីខល​នីមួយ​ៗ​ត្រូវ​បាន​មើល​ឃើញ​ដោយ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ថាជា​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ខុស​គ្នា ហេតុ​ដូច្នេះ​​វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចាត់​ទុក​ថា​ជា​ថាស​មិន​អាស្រ័យ ។ +ការចែក​ភាគ​ថាស​រឹង​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ ដោយ​មូល​ហេតុ​បីបួន​យ៉ាង ៖ + + +ដើម្បី​ទៅយក​ទំហំ​ទំនេរ + + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ការ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា + + +ដើម្បី​រៀប​ចំ​ទិន្នន័យ​ឲ្យ​កាន់​តែ​ប្រសើរ​នៅ​លើ​ថាស​រឹង + + + + +ម៉ោន និង​អាន់​ម៉ោន​ឧបករណ៍ +នៅ​ពេល​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ចល័ត​ត្រូវ​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​កុំព្យូទ័រហើយ​ ត្រូវ​តែ​ ម៉ោន​ វា​តាម​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ ដើម្បី​អាច​នឹង​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ឯកសារ​នៅ​លើ​ឧបករណ៍​បាន ។ +នៅ​ពេល​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក ពួក​វា​​នឹង​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​សរសេរ​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុងឧបករណ៍ផ្ទុក​​ភ្លាមៗ​ជានិច្ច​កាល​ទេ ។ ផ្ទុយ​ទៅ​វិញ ជាញឹក​ញាប់​ពួក​វា​ត្រូវ​បាន​រក្សា​ទុក​ជា​ជួរ​ ដើម្បី​​​អាច​នឹង​ផ្ទេរ​ពួក​វា​ទាំង​អស់​​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ឧបករណ៍​ក្នុង​ពេល​តែ​មួយ​ (ដើម្បី​ប្រសិទ្ធិភាព) ។ បើ​សិន​ឧបករណ៍​ត្រូវ​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ពីមុន​រួច​ហើយ ឯកសារ​ទាំង​អស់​នឹង​ត្រូវបាន​ផ្ទេរ ពេល​នោះ​អាច​សារ​មួយ​ចំនួន ឬ​ទាំង​អស់​​​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាត់​បង់ ។ ដើម្បី​ជៀស​វាង​បញ្ហា​​នេះ ត្រូវ​តែ​ អាន់​ម៉ោន​ ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ជា​មុន​សិន មុន​នឹង​ត​ភ្ជាប់ ។ +ម៉ោន​ឧបករណ៍ + +ដោត​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ចល័ត ។ + + +ម៉ឺនុយ​ជូន​ដំណឹង និង​រូប​តំណាង​រង្វង់​ពណ៌​ខៀវ​នឹងបង្ហាញ​ឡើង​នៅ​​ជ្រុង​ខាង​ស្តាំ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​ក្រោមនៃ​អេក្រង់​ ។ ដោយ​ ការចុច​ ឧបករណ៍​នៅ​ក្នុង​ម៉ឺនុយ​លេច​ឡើង ឧបករណ៍​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន ម៉ោន ។ ក្រោយ​ពី​ត្រូវ​បាន​ម៉ោន​ហើយ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ឬ​ប្រអប់​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ថា​មាន​បញ្ជី​ជម្រើស​សម្រាប់​ឧបករណ៍ ។ + + +អាន់​ម៉ោន​ឧបករណ៍ + +ក្នុង​ថាស​ប្រព័ន្ធ មាន​រូប​តំណាង​ម្យ៉ាង​ដែល​មានរូប​រាង​ដូចម៉ូនីទ័រ​កុំព្យូទ័រដែល​តំណាង​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធី​ជូន​ដំណឹង​ឧបករណ៍ ។ ចុច​ លើ​រូប​តំណាង​ ម៉ឺនុយ​លេច​ឡើង​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ចេញ​មក ។ + + +ការ​សំកាំង​ពីលើ​សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពី​ឧបករណ៍​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​រូប​តំណាងច្រាន​ចេញ​នៅ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​ស្តាំ ។ ចុច​ លើ​រូប​តំណាង ដើម្បី​​ អាន់​ម៉ោន​ ឧបករណ៍​ចល័ត​ ។ + + + + + + + +កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ +ផ្នែក​នេះ​មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​សម្រាប់​ឲ្យ​មនុស្ស​ប្រើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ នៅ​លើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ ។ + +ការកំណត់​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ថាម​ពល +ការ​​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ការកំណត់​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ថាម​ពលរបស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃអាច​ជួយ​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​អាយុ​កាល​របស់​ថ្ម​​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ប្រើ​បាន​យូរ និង​កាត់​បន្ថយ​ការ​ខ្ជះខ្ជាយ​ថាម​ពល​ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាងគ្រប់​គ្រង​ថាម​ពល​ ដែល​មាន​រូប​រាង​ដូច​ថ្ម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថាស​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + + +ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ការកំណត់​ឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​អនុវត្ត​ភ្លាមៗ ។ + + +ការ​បង្ហាញ​ធាតុ​រក្សា​អេក្រង់​អាច​ប្រើ​ថាម​ពល​ច្រើន​ជាង​ការ​ទុក​ឲ្យ​អេក្រង់​ស្ថិត​ក្នុង​សភាព​ធម្មតា ។ ការបិទ​ធាតុ​រក្សា​អេក្រង់​អាច​នឹង​ជួយ​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​អាយុកាល​របស់​ថ្ម​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ​ប្រសើរ​ជាង​មុន​ ។ នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ធាតុ​រក្សា​អេក្រង់​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​ឲ្យ​ទទេ​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ។ + + +បើក​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​ ផ្ទៃ​តុ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​ ធាតុ​រក្សា​អេក្រង់​ ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ធាតុ​រក្សា​អេក្រង់​ រួច​ចុច​ អនុវត្ត ។ + + + + +បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ (Touchpads) +កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ​ភាគ​ច្រើន​មាន​ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​នូវ​បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ (touchpad) ដែល​ប្រើសម្រាប់​គ្រប់​គ្រងព្រួញ​កណ្តុរ ។ មាន​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ជា​ច្រើន​​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​លក្ខណៈឥរិយាបថ​របស់​បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ (touchpad) ។ ការ​កំណត់​បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ​ (touchpad) មូលដ្ឋាន​ភាគ​ច្រើន​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​តាម​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ៖ + + +បើក​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ក្តារ​ចុច និង​កណ្តុរ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​ បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ (Touchpad) ។ + + +ធ្វើ​ការផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ការកំណត់​បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ (touchpad) ណា​មួយ​តាម​បំណង ។ ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​នឹង​មាន​ប្រសិទ្ធិភាព​ភ្លាម​ៗ ។ + + + + +រក​របាយ​ការណ៍អំពី​ការ​​សាក​ល្បង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ +កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ​ខ្លះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​សាក​ល្បង​ដោយ​សហគមន៍អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ប្រាកដ​ថា​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ លទ្ធផល​នៃ​ការ​សាក​ល្បង​នេះ​អាច​មាន​សម្រាប់អាន និង​អាច​ផ្តល់​ជា​គំនិត​យល់​ដឹង​អំពី​បញ្ហា​របស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ​ណា​មួយទៀត​ផង​ ។ + + +ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ ទំព័រ​គាំទ្រ​សហគមន៍​ ការសាក​ល្បង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ដៃ សម្រាប់​បញ្ជី​ពេញ​លេញ​នៃ​ការសាក​ល្បង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរដៃ​ដែល​អាច​មាន ។ + + +អ្នក​អាច​ចូល​រួម​ក្នុង​ការ​សាក​ល្បង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ​ដោយ​ខ្លួន​អ្នក​ផ្ទាល់​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទស្សនា​តាម​រយៈ ការ​សាក​ល្បង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​យួរ​ដៃ​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + +ផ្អាក និង សម្ងំ +ដើម្បី​សន្សំ​​ថាម​ពល​ កុំព្យូទ័រ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដាក់​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​របៀបសន្សំ​ថាម​ពល​មួយ​ចំនួន នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​មិន​ប្រើ ។ + + +ផ្អាក​ កុំព្យូទ័រ គឺ​ដូច​ជា​ដាក់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ឲ្យ​ដេក ។ កុំព្យូទ័រ​នៅ​តែ​បើក និង​ការងារ​ទាំងអស់​នៅ​តែ​ដំណើរ​ការ​ធម្មតា ប៉ុន្តែ​វា​នឹង​ប្រើ​ថាម​ពល​តិច​ជាង​មុន ។ ដាស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ឲ្យ​ភ្ញាក់​ ដោយ​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច ឬ​ចុច​កណ្តុរ ។ + + +សម្ងំ​ មាន​ន័យ​ថាបិទ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​តែ​ម្តង​ នៅ​ខណៈ​ពេលកំពុង​រក្សា​ទុក​ស្ថានភាព​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​របស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ (ដូច​ជា​រក្សា​ទុក​ឯកសារ​ដែល​បាន​បើក​ទាំង​អស់) ។ នៅ​ពេល​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ត្រូវ​បាន​បើក​ឡើង​វិញ បន្ទាប់​ពីសម្ងំ ការងារ​ទាំង​អស់​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ស្តារ​ឡើង​វិញដូច​មុនពេល​សម្ងំ ។ ថាម​ពល​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ទេ នៅ​ពេល​កុំព្យូទ័រ​សម្ងំ ។ + + +បិទ​ គឺ​ជា​ការបិទ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ទាំង​ស្រុង​តែ​ម្តង ដោយ​មិន​រក្សា​ទុក​ស្ថានភាព​បច្ចុប្បន្នរបស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ទេ ។ ថាម​ពល​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើទេ នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​បិទ​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ + + +បន្ត​ គឺ​ជា​ការនាំ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ចេញ​ពី​របៀប​សន្សំ​ថាម​ពល​ និង​​ត្រឡប់​ទៅ​កាន់ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ធម្មតា​វិញ ។ កុំព្យូទ័រ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្ត​ពី​ការ​ផ្អាក​ ដោយ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ក្តារ​ចុច ឬ​ដោយ​ចុច​កណ្តុរ ។ បន្ត​ពីការ​សម្ងំ ដោយ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ថាម​ពលនៅ​លើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ + + +ដាក់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ដោយ​ដៃ​ទៅ​ជា​របៀប​សន្សំ​ថាម​ពល​ ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​ជម្រើស​ទាំង​អស់នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ ប្រព័ន្ធ​ របស់​ម៉ឺនុយ​ ចាក​ចេញ​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ Kickoff ។ + +កុំព្យូទ័រ​ខ្លះ​អាច​មាន​បញ្ហា​ក្នុង​ការ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់ និង​បន្ត​ពី​របៀប​សន្សំ​ថាម​ពល​មួយ​ចំនួន ។ វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ដែល​ល្អ​បំផុត ​ក្នុង​ការ​​ត្រួត​ពិនិត្យ​ថា​តើកុំព្យូទ័រ​អាច​ដោះ​ស្រាយ​របៀប​សន្សំថាម​ពល​បាន​ឬ​អត់​នោះ​គឺ​ត្រូវ​តែ​សាក​ល្បង ។ ប្តូរទៅ​ជា​របៀប​នោះ និង​មើល​ថា​តើ​ឥរិយាបថ​របស់​វា​ដូច​ការ​រំពឹង​ឬអត់ ។ ត្រូវ​តែ​រក្សា​ទុក​ឯកសារ​សំខាន់​ៗ​ជានិច្ច មុន​នឹង​ផ្អាក ឬ​សម្ងំ ។ + + +កុំព្យូទ័រ​មិន​​ផ្អាក ឬ​សម្ងំ​តាម​វិធី​​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ +កុំព្យូទ័រ​ខ្លះ​មិន​អាច​ផ្អាក ឬ​សម្ងំ​បាន​យ៉ាង​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​អាច​បង្ហាញ​នូវលក្ខណៈ​មិន​ប្រក្រតី​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + +កុំព្យូទ័រ​មិន​បិទ​ទេ បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ចុច​ សម្ងំ ។ + + +ពេល​​ កុំព្យូទ័រ​​ត្រូវ​បើក​ឡើង​វិញ បន្ទាប់​ពី​​​សម្ងំ កម្មវិធី​ដែលបាន​បើក​ពីមុន​នឹង​មិន​ទាន់​ត្រូវ​បាន​ស្តារ​ទេ ។ + + +កុំព្យូទ័រ​នឹង​មិន​ភ្ញាក់​ទេ បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ផ្អាក​វា ។ + + +កម្មវិធី ឬ​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្នែក​រឹង​មួយ​ចំនួន​នឹង​មិន​​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដោយ​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវទៀត​ទេ បន្ទាប់​ពី​​ដំណើរ​ការ​បន្ត​ពីសម្ងំ ឬ​ភ្ញាក់​ពី​ការ​ផ្អាក ។ + + +បើ​សិន​មាន​បញ្ហា​ណា​មួយ​កើត​ឡើង គួរ​តែ​រាយ​ការ​ណ៍កំហុស​ទៅកាន់​ បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ(Launchpad) ។ អាចដោះស្រាយ​បញ្ហា​នេះ​បាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​កំណែ​ក្រោយ​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ +បើ​សិន​ផ្នែក​រឹង​ដំណើរ​ការ​មិន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ផ្អាក ឬ​សម្ងំ​ទេ ចាប់​ផ្តើមកុំព្យូទ័រ​​ឡើង​វិញ ពេល​នោះ​វា​នឹង​ត្រឡប់​ទៅ​រក​សភាព​ធម្មតា​វិញ ។ បើ​កម្មវិធី​មិន​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដោយ​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ សាក​ល្បង​បិទ​កម្មវិធី រួច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​វា​ឡើង​វិញ​ម្តង​ទៀត ។ + +សូម​ប្រាកដ​ថា​បាន​រក្សា​ទុក​ឯកសារ​ដែល​បាន​បើក​ទាំង​អស់​ មុន​នឹង​សាក​ល្បងរក​បញ្ហា​ផ្អាក និង​សម្ងំ ។ + + + +មាន​លំនាំ​ចម្លែក​ម្យ៉ាង​នៅ​លើ​អេក្រង់​ ពេល​ដែល​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ត្រូវ​បាន​សម្ងំ +អេក្រង់​អាច​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​លំនាំ​សខ្មៅ​ បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ចុច​វា​ឲ្យ​សម្ងំ ។ ជា​ទូទៅ​វា​គ្មាន​អ្វី​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បារម្មណ៍​អំពី​បញ្ហា​នេះ​ទេ វា​គ្រាន់​តែ​ជា​របៀប​ដែល​កាត​ក្រាហ្វិក​របស់កុំព្យូទ័រ​មួយចំនួន​ឆ្លើយ​តប​ទៅ​នឹង​ដំណាក់​កាល​ដំបូង​នៃ​ដំណើរការ​សម្ងំ ។ +បើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​បង្ហាញ​លំនាំ​សម្រាប់​រយៈ​ពេល​អូស​បន្លាយ​ ដោយ​មិន​បិទ​ដោយ​ខ្លួន​វា​ផ្ទាល់​ទេ ពេល​នោះ​អាច​នឹង​មានបញ្ហា​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការ​សម្ងំ​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​យោង​ទៅកាន់​ កុំព្យូទ័រ​មិន​ផ្អាក ឬ​សម្ងំ​តាម​វិធី​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ + + + + + +កណ្តុរ និង​ក្តារ​ចុច +ផ្នែក​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សេចក្តីណែនាំ​អំពី​ការប្រើ​ និង​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​កណ្តុរ ក្តារ​ចុច និង​ឧបករណ៍​បញ្ចូល​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​កាន់​តែ​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ប្រើ​ ។ + +កណ្តុរ​ និង ឧបករណ៍​ចង្អុល +អាច​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ជម្រើស​កណ្តុរ​ជាច្រើន​ទៀត​បាន ដូច​ជា​កម្រិត​ផ្លាស់​ទី​របស់​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច និង​របៀប​ចុច ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្ហាញ​ដោយ​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ + + +បើក​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​ ក្តារ​ចុច និង​កណ្តុរ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​ កណ្តុរ​ ។ + + + + +ក្តារ​ចុច +មាន​ជម្រើស​ក្តារ​ចុច​មួយ​ចំនួន​ ដូច​ជា​ភាសា​របស់​ក្តារចុច និង​ផ្លូវ​កាត់​ក្តារ​ចុច ។ + + +បើក​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​ ក្តារ​ចុច និង​កណ្តុរ ។ + + +ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​ ក្តារ​ចុច ។ + + + + +បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ (Touchpads) និង​ tablets ក្រាហ្វិក +បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ ឬ​ tablet ក្រាហ្វិក​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទីព្រួញ​កណ្តុរ​ ។ + + + +បន្ទះ​ប៉ះ (Touchpads) + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/pt_BR/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/pt_BR/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/pt_BR/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/pt_BR/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,865 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hardware +&legalnotice; + +Este documento aborda temas básicos sobre hardware em um sistema Linux. + + + + +Introdução + +Um computador é composto por vários dispositivos conectados, que recebem o nome de hardware. O Kubuntu configura automaticamente os hardwares conectados, embora haja alguma ocasiões onde a configuração manual se faz necessária. Esta sessão provê informações sobre ferramentas para configuração de hardware. + + + + +Dispositivos proprietários +Alguns dispositivos conectados ao computador poderão requerer drivers proprietários para funcionar corretamente. De uma forma geral, estes dispositivos são de vídeo, e rede sem fio. + +Um driver proprietário é um programa para gerenciamento de hardware que não é de código aberto e nem livre. Tipicamente, tais programas são controlados e resguardados pela companhia vendedora do hardware. + +A maioria dos dispositivos (hardware) conectados a computadores funcionarão de forma correta no Kubuntu. Provavelmente existirão drivers livres para grande maioria dos dispositivos. Estes drivers podem ser modificados livremente por desenvolvedores, e qualquer problema de compatibilidade com o Linux poderá ser resolvido. +Alguns hardwares não possuem drivers livres, normalmente porque o fabricante não liberou detalhes do hardware que poderiam tornar possível desenvolver tal driver para um sistema Linux. Se o fabricante não desenvolveu drivers para Linux, o hardware poderá ter funcionalidade limitada, ou poderá nem funcionar. +Se um driver proprietário apropriado está disponível para um certo dispositivo, ele pode ser instalado para permitir que o dispositivo funcione adequadamente ou para adicionar novos recursos. Por exemplo, instalar drivers proprietários para certos tipos de placas de vídeo permite o uso de efeitos visuais avançados. +Alguns computadores podem não possuir nenhum dispositivo que requeira drivers proprietários, seja porque os drivers não estão disponíveis, ou por que os dispositivos são completamente suportados por drivers livres. + +Drivers proprietários são mantidos geralmente pelo fabricante do dispositivo e, portanto não podem ser modificado pelos desenvolvedores caso haja algum problema; + + +Administrando drivers proprietários +O Kubuntu vem com um aplicativo desenvolvido pelos desenvolvedores do Ubuntu que mantém drivers proprietários. Este aplicativo é conhecido como Jockey e no Kubuntu é chamado de jockey-kde>. Ele pode ser iniciando indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaDrivers de hardware. +Para utilizar um driver proprietário para um dispositivo: + +Inicie o Jockey indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaDrivers de hardware. + + +Encontre o driver a ser habilitado, e verifique sua descrição. + + +Pressione + + +O driver proprietário poderá ter que ser baixado e instalado. + + +Talvez seja necessário reiniciar o computador para finalizar o processo de habilitação do driver. Nem sempre o processo de instalação indicará a necessidade de reiniciar. + + +Disabilitar o driver proprietário de um dispositivo: + +Inicie o Jockey indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaDrivers de hardware. + + +Encontre o driver que será desabilitado e verifique sua descrição. + + +Pressione + + +Talvez seja necessário reiniciar o computador para finalizar o processo de remoção do driver. + + + + + + + +Discos e partições +Esta sessão aborda instruções sobre o manejamento de discos e drives como discos removíveis. + +partição +partições + + +particionando + + +formatar +formatando + + +montar + + +desmontar +desmontar + + +sistema de arquivos +sistema de arquivos + + +Verificando espaço disponível em disco +Existem várias formas de se verificar o espaço disponível em disco de um sistema Kubuntu. + + + +Verificar via linha de comando + + + + +Verificar via gerenciador de arquivos + + + + +Verificar via gerenciador de particionamento + + + + +Verificar espaço disponível em disco via linha de comando + + +Abra o Konsole indo para o Lançados de aplicações KickoffAplicaçõesSistemaTerminal (Konsole). + + +Na linha de comandos, digite df -h + + +Uma resposta similar a seguinte deverá ser exibida: + +Sist. Arq. Tam. Usad Disp Uso% Montado em +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + +O comando df exibe a utilização de disco do sistema de arquivos. O parâmetro -h faz com que o df exiba a saída de forma facilmente legível por humanos. + + +Verificar a quantidade de espaço disponível em disco via gerenciador de arquivos +Gerenciadores de arquivos +O seguinte processo pode tanto ser realizado pelo Dolphin, quanto pelo Konqueror. O Dolphin será utilizado neste exemplo por ser o gerenciador de arquivos padrão do Kubuntu. + + + +Abra o Dolphin em Kickoff Application LauncherAplicativosSistemaGerenciador de arquivos (Dolphin). + + +Clique no atalho Root localizado do lado esquerdo. + + +Para descobrir quanto espaço livre disponível na partição raiz, clique direito em qualquer área de espaço em branco da janela principal. Selecione Propriedades na lista exibida. +Evite selecionar um ícone +Ao clicar na área em branco, evite selecionar por acidente qualquer dos ícones de pasta, isto fará com que as informações pertencentes somente aquela pasta sejam exibidas. + +Espaço de disco disponível para o dispositivo raiz + + + + + + + + + + +Verificar via gerenciador de particionamento +Por padrão no Kubuntu, o aplicativo Gerenciador de Partição não vem instalada. Por favor instale o pacote Gerenciador de Partição antes de fazer o seguinte procedimento. + + +Abra o Gerenciador de Partição indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaEditor de Partição (Gerenciador de Partição do KDE). Pode ser pedir uma senha. + + +Clique no dispositivo na seção Dispositivo no lado esquerdo da janela principal. + + +O espaço restante pode ser determinado subtraindo a quantia na coluna Usado da quantia na coluna Tamanho. Esta informação pode ser mostrada também clicando com o botão direito sob a partição na lista e selecionando Propriedades. +Espaço em disco disponível via gerenciador de particionamento + + + + + + + + + + + +Como liberar espaço em disco? +Existem várias forma de se liberar espaço em disco: + + +Esvaziar Lixeira. Abra o Dolphin indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaGerenciador de Arquivo (Dolphin). Clique na Lixeira no lado esquerdo, clique com o botão direito num espaço em branco e selecione Esvaziar Lixeira. + + +Instale zelador do computador para GTK primeiro. Uma vez instalado, abra ozelador do computador indo para Lançador de aplicaçõesAplicativosSistemaZelador do computador. Selecione os Pacotes a serem removidos. Uma vez completo, clique no botão Fazer tarefas selecionadas. +Liberando espaço em disco com o Mantenedor do Sistema + + + + + + + + +Remova pacotes de software que não estão mais sendo usados. Veja Gerenciando software para mais informações sobre remover pacotes. + + +Delete arquivos que não são mais úteis. + +Tenha cuidado para não deleter arquivos que ainda são úteis! + + + +Comprima arquivos antigos, ou pouco utilizados. + + +Selecione os arquivos a serem compactados, clique com o botão direito em um deles e selecione CompactarComo arquivo ZIP/TAR ou qualquer uma das outras escolhas. + + + + +Particionando um dispositivo +O Gerenciador de partições pode ser utilizado para particionar dispositivos de armazenamento. Instale o pacote Gerenciador de partições primeiro, pois não é instalado por padrão no Kubuntu. Uma vez instalado, abra o Gerenciador de partições indo para Lançador de aplicações KickoffAplicativosSistemaEditor de partições (Gerenciador de partições do KDE). + +Tenha cuidado ao alterar partições de disco pois, é possível que se perca dados ao deletar ou alterar uma partição equivocada. + +Para maiores informações para usar o Gerenciador de Partição para redimensionar, copiar, ou instalar um novo sistema operacional, acesse . + + +Formatando uma partição +O Gerenciador de partições/application> pode ser usado para formatar partições de disco. Por favor, reveja . + + +O que é formatação? +Formatar um disco, dispositivo, ou partição, significa preparar tal dispositivo para o armazenamento de dados. +Quando um disco rígido ou partição é formatado, um formato de armazenamento de dados específico é aplicado aquele dispositivo. A este formato, dá-se o nome de sistema de arquivos. +Um disco recém comprado geralmente não é formatado, e ainda não pode ser usado para guardar dados. Depois do dispositivo ter sido formatado, o espaço livre nele é menor do que o espaço original. Uma parte do espaço em disco é usado para fazer o dispositivo ser usável; esse espaço é ocupado pelo sistema de arquivos. Além disso, os fabricantes dos discos usam padrões diferentes para expressar a capacidade do disco, que resulta em discrepâncias posteriores. + + +O que é um sistema de arquivos +Um sistema de arquivos é um modo particular de armazenar e organizar arquivos em um dispositivo de armazenamento como um disco rígido, e é uma parte importante do sistema operacional. Sem um sistema de arquivos, acessar e gravar arquivos seria muito difícil. +Existem vários tipos de sistema de arquivos. Os mais comuns são: + + +Os sistemas ext2, ext3, and ext4 são comumente encontrados em sistemas operacionais GNU/Linux. O Kubuntu utiliza como padrão o sistema ext4. + + +FAT16 e FAT32 são sistemas de arquivos do Microsoft Windows encontrados em computadores mais antigos. Para compartilhar dados entre os dois computadores, o formato FAT32 é uma boa escolha. + + +O NTFS é um sistema de arquivos utilizado em várias versoões modernas do Microsoft Windows. + + +O HFS+ é o sistema de arquivos padrão do Mac OS X. + + + + +O que é a partição? +Uma partição é um meio de dividir a capacidade de armazenamento de um dispositivo, como um disco rígido, em várias partes que podem então ser tratadas como dispositivos de armazenagem separados(dispositivos lógicos). +Cada dispositivo local é visto pelo sistema operacional como um dispositivo distinto, e assim é tratado como um disco independente. +O particionamento de um disco rígido pode ser realizado por vários motivos: + + +Para recuperar espaço livre + + +Instalar sistemas operacionais diferentes + + +Para melhor organização dos dados no disco rígido + + + + +Montar e desmontar dispositivos +Quando um dispositivo de armazenamento removível é conectado ao computador, ele deve ser montado pelo sistema operacional para que os arquivos daquele dispositivos sejam acessados. +Quando arquivos são copiados para um dispositivo de armazenamento, eles não são sempre escritos imediatamente no dispositivo. Ao invés disso, eles são frequentemente guardados em uma fila para serem transferidos ao dispositivo ao mesmo tempo (para mais eficiência). Se o dispositivo é desconectado antes de todos os arquivos serem transferidos, alguns ou todos os arquivos podem ser perdidos. Para prevenir isso, um dispositivo de armazenamento precisa ser desmontado antes de ser desconectado. +Montando um dispositivo + +Conecte o dispositivo de armazenamento removível. + + +Um menu de notificação e um ícone circular azul aparecerá no canto inferior direito da tela. Ao clicar no dispositivo no menu de contexto, o dispositivo será montado. Assim que for montado, aparecerá ou um gerenciador de arquivo oum uma caixa de diálogo será apresentado contendo uma lista de opções relativas ao dispositivo. + + +Desmontando um dispositivo + +Na bandeja do sistema, há um ícone que se parece com o monitor de um computador que representa o Notificador de dispositivos. Clique no ícone, e um menu popup irá aparecer. + + +Pairar o cursor do mouse sobre a descrição do dispositivo mostrará um ícone de ejeção no lado direito. Clique no ícone para desmontar o dispositivo removível. + + + + + + + +Laptops +Esta sessão contém informação aos usuários do Kubuntu em laptops. + +Configurações de gerenciamento de energia +Modificar as configurações de gerenciamento de energia de um laptop pode aumentar o tempo de vida da bateria, e reduzir o desperdício de energia. + + +Clique no ícone do gerenciador de energia, que se assemelha a uma bateria, localizado na área de notificações. + + +Altere as configurações da maneira desejada. As mudanças serão aplicadas instantâneamente. + + +Mostrar uma proteção de tela pode usar mais energia do que simplesmente deixar a tela vazia. Desligar a proteção de tela pode melhorar levemente a vida útil da bateria do laptop. No Kubuntu, a proteção de tela é configurada por padrão para ser uma tela vazia. + + +Abra as Configurações do sistema indo em Lançador de aplicações KickoffComputadorConfigurações do sistema. + + +Clique no ícone Área de trabalho. + + +Clique no ícone Proteção de tela. + + +Selecione a proteção de tela, e então clique em Aplicar. + + + + +Touchpads +A maioria dos computadores portáteis vêm com um touchpad, o qual é utilizada para controlar a seta do mouse. Há muitas maneiras de mudar como o touchpad se comporta. A maioria das configurações básicas do touchpad podem ser configuradas da seguinte maneira: + + +Abra as Configurações do sistema indo em Lançador de aplicações KickoffComputadorConfigurações do sistema. + + +Clique no botão Teclado e mouse. + + +Clique no ícone Touchpad. + + +Execute as configurações desejadas. As configurações serão aplicadas imediatamente. + + + + +Encontrando relatórios de teste de laptops +Alguns laptops são testados pela comunidade do Ubuntu para certificar de que vários recursos funcionam corretamente. Os resultados desses testes estão disponíveis para leitura, e podem oferecer ajuda sobre qualquer problema do laptop. + + +Reveja as páginas da comunidade de suportea teste de laptops para uma lista completa de teste de laptops. + + +Você mesmo pode participar nos testes de laptop visitando Testes de Laptop do Ubuntu. + + + +Suspendendo e hibernando +A fim de economizar energia, um computador deve ser posto em um número de modos de economia de energia quando não estiver sendo utilizado. + + +Suspender um computador é como colocá-lo para dormir. O computador ainda será ligado e todo trabalho será deixado em aberto, porém utilizará muito menos energia. Desperte o computador pressionando uma tecla ou clicando com o mouse. + + +Hibernação significa desligar o computador completamente enquanto salva o estado corrente do computador (tais como manter todos os documentos abertos). Quando o computador é religado depois de uma hibernação todo trabalho será restaurado exatamente como estava antes da hibernação. Nenhuma energia é usada quando o computador está hibernando. + + +Desligar é desligar completamente o computador, sem salvar o estado atual do computador. Não é utilizada energia enquanto o computador está desligado. + + +Resumir é trazer o computador de um estado de economia de energia para um estado normal de operação. O computador pode ser resumido após ser suspenso ao pressionar uma tecla do teclado ou do mouse. Resumir após ser colocado em hibernação requer o pressionamento do botão de ligar. + + +Manualmente insere o computador em um modo de economia de energia selecionando uma das opções na seção Sistema do menu Partirno Kickoff. + +Alguns computadores podem ter problemas ao entrar e sair de alguns modos de economia de energia. A melhor maneira de checar se um computador lida com modo de economia de energia é tentando. Alterne para o modo desejado e observe se se comporta como esperado. Sempre salve documentos importantes antes de suspender ou hibernar. + + +O computador não suspende ou hiberna corretamente +Alguns computadores não suspendem ou hibernam corretamente com o Kubuntu, e podem apresentar alguns dos seguintes sintomas: + + +O computador não desliga após a opção hibernar ser escolhida. + + +Quando o computador retorna do modo hibernar, os programas que estavam previamente abertos não são restaurados. + + +O computador não acorda após ser suspenso. + + +Certos programas ou dispositivos de hardware param de funcionar corretamente depois de terminada a hibernação ou voltam a funcionar enquanto o computador está em modo de suspensão. + + +Se qualquer um desses problemas ocorrer, o bug deve relatado para o Launchpad. Os problemas podem ser corrigidos em uma versão subsequência do Kubuntu. +Caso o hardware não funcione corretamente após suspender, ou hibernar, reinicie o computador, ele deverá voltar ao normal. Se um programa não funcionar corretamente, tente fechá-lo e reabrí-lo. + +Assegure-se de ter salvado todos os documentos antes de testar problemas nos modos suspender e hibernar. + + + +Um padrão estranho é exibido na tela quando o computador está hibernando +A tela poderá exibir um padrão em preto e branco imediatamente após ser colocado em hibernação. Isso ocorre normalmente, não com o que se preocupar, é a resposta natural de algumas placas de vídeo aos estados iniciais do processo de hibernação. +Se o computador exibe o padrão por um período prolongado de tempo sem se desligar então pode haver um problema com hibernação. Consulte O computador não suspende ou hiberna corretamente para obter mais informação. + + + + + +Mouse e teclados +Esta seção oferece instruções sobre como usar e configurar mouses, teclados, e outros dispositivos de entrada para torná-los mais confortáveis de usar. + +Mouses e outros dispositivos apontadores +Muitas opções do mouse podem ser mudadas, como quão rápido o ponteiro se move e como os cliques são interpretados pelo computador. + + +Abra as Configurações do sistema indo em Lançador de aplicações KickoffComputadorConfigurações do sistema. + + +Pressione o ícone Mouse e teclado + + +Pressione o ícone Mouse. + + + + +Teclados +Existem muitas opções de teclado, tais como idioma do teclado e atalhos de teclado. + + +Abra as Configurações do sistema indo em Lançador de aplicações KickoffComputadorConfigurações do sistema. + + +Pressione o ícone Mouse e teclado + + +Pressione o ícone Teclado. + + + + +Touchpads e mesas digitalizadoras +Um touchpad ou uma mesa gráfica pode ser usada para mover a seta do mouse. + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/ru/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/ru/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/ru/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/ru/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1129 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Оборудование +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ описывает основы работы с оборудованием в системе Linux. + + + + +Введение + +Компьютер состоит из числа устройств, которые все вместе известны как оборудование. Kubuntu обычно настраивает оборудование автоматически, но могут быть случаи, когда необходимо вручную внести изменения в настройки оборудования. Этот раздел содержит информацию об инструментах для настройки оборудования. + + + + +Проприетарные устройства +Некоторым устройствам могут потребоваться проприетарные драйвера для того, чтобы они могли работать должным образом. Чаще всего, эти устройства используются для видео и беспроводных сетей. + +A proprietary driver is a hardware management software application +that is not free and open-source. Typically, the software is concealed and +controlled by the company selling the hardware. + + +Most of the devices (hardware) attached to computers should function properly +in Kubuntu. The devices are likely to have free +drivers. These drivers can be freely modified by developers, and any problems or +incompatibilities with Linux can be fixed. + + +Some hardware does not have free drivers, usually because the hardware +manufacturer has not released details of their hardware which would make it +possible to create such a driver for a Linux system. If such a manufacturer has +not created Linux drivers, the hardware may have limited functionality or +may not work at all. + + +If an appropriate proprietary driver is available for a +certain device, it can be installed in order to allow that device to function +properly or to add new features. For example, installing proprietary drivers +for certain graphics cards allows for the use of advanced visual effects. + + +Some computers may not have any devices that can use proprietary drivers, either +because all of the devices are fully supported by free drivers or because +proprietary drivers are not yet available. + + + +Proprietary drivers are usually maintained by the hardware manufacturer, and so +cannot be modified by developers if there is a problem. + + + +Управление проприетарными драйверами + +Kubuntu ships with an application developed by Ubuntu developers that +maintains proprietary drivers. This application is known as +Jockey and in Kubuntu is named +jockey-kde>. It can be opened by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + +Чтобы использовать проприетарный драйвер для устройства: + +Откройте Jockey перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияСистемаHardware Deivers. + + + +Find the driver to be enabled and verify the description. + + + +НажмитеАктивировать для включения драйвера. Потребуется ввести пароль. + + +Проприетарный драйвер будет загружен и установлен. + + +Возможно потребуется перезагрузка компьютера для завершения установки драйвера; установщик драйвера не всегда может предложить это сделать. + + +Отключение проприетарный драйвер: + +Откройте Jockey перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияСистемаHardware Deivers. + + + +Find the driver to be disabled and verify the description. + + + +НажмитеУдалить, чтобы отключить драйвер и продолжить использовать свободный драйвер, если это возможно. Потребуется пароль. + + +Может потребоватся перезагрузка компьютера для завершения отключения драйвера. + + + + + + + +Диски и разделы + +This section provides instructions on how to handle disks and drives such as +removable hard disks. + + +раздел +разделы + + +разбиение диска на разделы + + +форматирование +форматирование + + +подключение + + +отключение +отключение + + +файловая система +файловая система + + +Проверить сколько доступно свободного места на диске. +Существует несколько способов, чтобы проверить, сколько дискового пространства доступно в Kubuntu. + + + +Проверить через командную строку + + + + +Проверить через диспетчер файлов + + + + +Проверить через Partition Manager + + + + +Проверить, сколько свободного места на диске с помощью командной строки + + +Откройте Терминал, перейдя Меню запуска приложений Kickoff ПриложенияСистемаТерминал (Konsole). + + +В командной строке введите df -h + + +Должен быть показан вывод , как приведенный ниже: + +Файловая система Разм. Исп. Исп Исп% смонтировано на +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + + +The command df reports file system disk space usage. The +-h tells df to make the output human +readable. + + + +Проверить, сколько свободного места на диске с помощью диспетчера файлов +Диспетчеры файлов +Следующее действие может быть выполнено, либо в Dolphin, либо в Konqueror. В этом примере будет показан Dolphin, т.к в Kubuntu он диспетчер файлов по умолчанию. + + + +Откройте Dolphin, перейдя Меню запуска приложений Kickoff ПриложенияСистемаДиспетчер файлов (Dolphin). + + +Нажмите на точку входа Корневая папка. + + +Чтобы узнать, сколько свободного места осталось в корневом разделе, для это щелкните правой кнопкой мыши в любой свободной области главного окна. Выберите Свойства из списка, который отобразится. +Избегайте выделение значка +Когда делаете щелчок правой кнопкой мыши в пустом пространстве, избегайте случайного выделения значка любой папки, потому что отобразится информация, относящаяся только к этой папке. + +Доступное свободное место для корневого устройства + + + + + + + + + + +Проверить, используя Partition Manager +По умолчанию в Kubuntu, приложение Partition Manager не установлено. Пожалуйста, установите Partition Manager, перейдя по следующей ссылки. + + +Откройте Partition Manager, перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияСистемаPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). Может потребоваться пароль. + + +Нажмите на устройство в левой части главного окна программы в разделе Устройства . + + +Оставшееся пространство можно определить путем вычитания из столбца Размер столбец Использовано. Также можно получить информацию щёлкнув правой клавишей мыши на раздел и в списке выбрать Свойства. +Свободное пространство на диске с Partition Manager + + + + + + + + + + + +Как увеличить свободное место на диске? +Есть несколько способов сделать больше свободного места на диске: + + +Очистите корзину. Откройте Dolphin, перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияСистемаДиспетчер файлов (Dolphin). Нажмите слева Корзина, щёлкните правой кнопкой мыши в свободной области и выберите Очистить корзину. + + +Установите Computer Janitor. После установки, откройте Computer Janitor, перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияСистемаComputer Janitor. Выберите Пакеты, которые будут удалены. По завершению, нажмите кнопку Do selected tasks. +Освобождение дискового пространства, с помощью Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + +Удаление пакетов программ, которые больше не используются. См. Управление программами для информации об удалении пакетов. + + +Удалить файлы которые больше не нужны. + +Будьте осторожны, не удалите нужные файлы! + + + +Сжатия и архивирования старых, редко используемых документов: + + + +Select the files and folders to be compressed, right +click one of them and select +CompressAs ZIP/TAR +Archive or any of the other choices. + + + + + +Разбиение диска на разделы + +Partition Manager can be used to partition storage +devices. Install the Partition +Manager package first, as it is not installed by default +in Kubuntu. Once installed, open Partition Manager +by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + + + +Be careful when altering disk partitions, as it is possible to lose data by +deleting or changing the wrong partition. + + + +For more information on using Partition Manager to +resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review . + + + +Форматирование раздела + +Partition Manager can be used to format disk +partitions. Please review . + + + +What is formatting? + +To format a hard disk, device or partition means to prepare that particular +device to store data. + + +When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is +applied to that device; this format is the filesystem. + + +A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for +storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less +than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device +usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use +different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further +discrepancies. + + + +What is a filesystem + +A filesystem is a particular way of storing and organizing files on a storage +device such as a hard disk, and is an important part of an operating system. +Without a filesystem, accessing and storing files would be difficult. + + +There are different types of filesystem. The most common are: + + + +Обычно используются на операционной системе GNU/Linux файловые системы: ext2, ext3, и ext4. Kubuntu использует файловую систему ext4 по умолчанию. + + + +FAT16 and FAT32 are Microsoft Windows +filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the +FAT32 format is a good choice. + + + + +NTFS is the filesystem type used by more modern +versions of Microsoft Windows. + + + +Файловая система HFS+ используется на Mac OS X по умолчанию. + + + + +What is a partition? + +A partition is a means of dividing the storage capacity of a device, such as a +hard disk, into several parts which can then be treated as separate storage +devices (logical devices). + + +Each logical device is seen by the operating system as a distinct device, and +thus is treated as an independent disk. + + +Partitioning a hard disk can be done for several reasons: + + + + +To retrieve free space + + + +Установка других операционных систем. + + + +To organize data better on the hard disk + + + + + +Подключение и отключение устройств + +When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be +mounted by the operating system so the files on the +device can be accessed. + + +When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the +device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can +all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the +device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some +or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be +unmounted before being disconnected. + +Подключение устройства + + +Plug in the removable storage device. + + + + +A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner +of the screen. By clicking the device in the popup +menu, the device will be mounted. As soon as it is mounted, +either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains +a list of options for the device. + + + +Unmounting a device + + +In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that +represents the Device Notifier. Click on the icon, +and a popup menu will appear. + + + + +Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon +on the right side. Click on the icon to +unmount the removable device. + + + + + + + + +Laptops + +This section contains information for people using Kubuntu on a laptop +computer. + + +Power management settings + +Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery +life and reduce energy waste. + + + + +Press the power management icon which looks like a +battery in the system tray. + + + + +Change the settings as appropriate. Changes are applied instantly. + + + + +Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go +blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery +life. In Kubuntu, the screensaver is set to blank as default. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Desktop icon. + + + + +Press the Screen Saver icon. + + + + +Select screen saver and then press Apply. + + + + + +Touchpads + +Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse +pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most +basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way: + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +button. + + + + +Press the Touchpad icon. + + + + +Make any desired touchpad setting changess. Changes should take effect +immediately. + + + + + +Finding laptop testing reports + +Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features +work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may +offer insights into any laptop problems. + + + + +Review the Laptop Testing community support pages +for a full listing of available laptop tests. + + + + +You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + + +Suspending and Hibernating + +In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of +power-saving modes when it is not being used. + + + + +Suspending a computer is like putting the +computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be +left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key +or clicking the mouse. + + + + +Hibernating means turning the computer off +completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all +open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work +will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the +computer is hibernating. + + + + +Shutting down is turning the computer off +completely, without saving the current state of the computer. No power is used +when the computer is shut down. + + + + +Resuming is bringing the computer out of a +power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed +from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse. +Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer. + + + + +Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options +in the System section of the Leave +menu in Kickoff. + + + +Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain +power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a +power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as +expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating. + + + +The computer does not suspend or hibernate correctly + +Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with Kubuntu, and +may show some of the following symptoms: + + + + +The computer does not turn off after hibernate has been clicked. + + + + +When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs +are not restored. + + + + +The computer will not wake up after it has been suspended. + + + + +Certain programs or hardware devices stop working correctly after resuming from +hibernation or waking-up from being suspended. + + + + +If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to Launchpad. The problems +may be fixed in a subsequent version of Kubuntu. + + +If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart +the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work +properly, try closing the program and then starting it again. + + + +Make sure to save all open documents before testing for suspend and hibernate +problems. + + + + +There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is +hibernated + +The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to +hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the +graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the +hibernation process. + + +If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without +turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to The computer does not suspend or hibernate +correctly for more information. + + + + + + +Mice and Keyboards + +This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and +other input devices to make them more comfortable to use. + + +Mice and other pointing devices + +Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and +how clicks are interpreted by the computer. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Mouse icon. + + + + + +Keyboards + +There are several keyboard options, such as the keyboard language and keyboard +shortcuts. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Keyboard icon. + + + + + +Touchpads and graphics tablets + +A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer. + + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
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+ +Hardvér +&legalnotice; + + +This document covers the basics of working with hardware in a Linux +system. + + + + + +Introduction + + +A computer consists of a number of connected devices that are collectively +known as computer hardware. Kubuntu normally configures +hardware automatically, but there may be occasions when it is necessary to +make manual changes to hardware settings. This section provides information on +tools for configuring hardware. + + + + + +Proprietary Devices + +Some devices attached to the computer may need proprietary drivers in order to +work properly. Most often, these devices are used for video and wireless +networking. + + +A proprietary driver is a hardware management software application +that is not free and open-source. Typically, the software is concealed and +controlled by the company selling the hardware. + + +Most of the devices (hardware) attached to computers should function properly +in Kubuntu. The devices are likely to have free +drivers. These drivers can be freely modified by developers, and any problems or +incompatibilities with Linux can be fixed. + + +Some hardware does not have free drivers, usually because the hardware +manufacturer has not released details of their hardware which would make it +possible to create such a driver for a Linux system. If such a manufacturer has +not created Linux drivers, the hardware may have limited functionality or +may not work at all. + + +If an appropriate proprietary driver is available for a +certain device, it can be installed in order to allow that device to function +properly or to add new features. For example, installing proprietary drivers +for certain graphics cards allows for the use of advanced visual effects. + + +Some computers may not have any devices that can use proprietary drivers, either +because all of the devices are fully supported by free drivers or because +proprietary drivers are not yet available. + + + +Proprietary drivers are usually maintained by the hardware manufacturer, and so +cannot be modified by developers if there is a problem. + + + +Managing proprietary drivers + +Kubuntu ships with an application developed by Ubuntu developers that +maintains proprietary drivers. This application is known as +Jockey and in Kubuntu is named +jockey-kde>. It can be opened by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + +To use a proprietary driver for a device: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be enabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Activate to enable the +driver. A password may be required. + + + + +The proprietary driver may have to be downloaded and installed. + + + + +It may be necessary to restart the computer to finish enabling the driver; the +driver installation process will not always indicate this requirement. + + + +Disabling a proprietary driver for a device: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be disabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Remove to disable the +driver and continue using a free driver, if available. A password may be +required. + + + + +It may be necessary to restart the computer to finish disabling +the driver. + + + + + + + + +Disks and Partitions + +This section provides instructions on how to handle disks and drives such as +removable hard disks. + + +partition +partitions + + +partitioning + + +format +formatting + + +mount + + +unmount +umount + + +filesystem +file system + + +Checking how much disk space is available + +There are several ways to see how much disk space is available on a Kubuntu +system. + + + + +Check via the command line + + + + +Check via the file manager + + + + +Check via Partition +Manager + + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the command line + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + + +At the prompt, type df -h + + + + +Output similar to the following should be displayed: + + +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + + +The command df reports file system disk space usage. The +-h tells df to make the output human +readable. + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the file manager +File managers + +The following procedure can be completed with either +Dolphin or Konqueror. +Dolphin will be shown in this example because it +is the default file manager in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Open Dolphin by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). + + + + +Click on the Root shortcut +button on the left. + + + + +To find out how much space is available in the root partition, +right click in any of the white space in the main +window. Select Properties from the list that is +displayed. + +Avoid highlighting an icon + +When right clicking in the white space, avoid accidentally highlighting any of +the folder icons, because this will display information pertaining only to that +folder. + + +Available disk space for the root device + + + + + + + + + + +Checking usage via Partition Manager + +By default in Kubuntu, the application Partition +Manager is not installed. Please install the Partition +Manager package prior to doing the following procedure. + + + + +Open Partition Manager by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). A +password may be required. + + + + +Click on the device in the +Device section in the left-hand side of the main window. + + + + +Remaining space can be determined by subtracting the amount in the +Used column from the amount in the +Size column. The information can also be displayed by +right clicking on the partition in the list and +selecting Properties. + +Available disk space with Partition Manager + + + + + + + + + + + +How can some disk space be freed up? + +There are several ways of making more disk space available: + + + + +Empty the trash. Open Dolphin by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). Click the +Trash on the left, right +click in the white space and select Empty +Trash. + + + + +Install Computer Janitor for GTK +first. Once installed, open Computer Janitor by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemComputer Janitor. Select the Packages to be +removed. When completed, click the Do +selected tasks button. + +Freeing disk space with Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + + +Remove software packages that are no longer being used. See Managing Software for information +on removing packages. + + + + +Delete files that are no longer needed. + + + +Be careful not to delete files that are still needed! + + + + + +Compress and archive old, rarely-used documents: + + + + +Select the files and folders to be compressed, right +click one of them and select +CompressAs ZIP/TAR +Archive or any of the other choices. + + + + + +Partitioning a device + +Partition Manager can be used to partition storage +devices. Install the Partition +Manager package first, as it is not installed by default +in Kubuntu. Once installed, open Partition Manager +by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + + + +Be careful when altering disk partitions, as it is possible to lose data by +deleting or changing the wrong partition. + + + +For more information on using Partition Manager to +resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review . + + + +Formatting a partition + +Partition Manager can be used to format disk +partitions. Please review . + + + +What is formatting? + +To format a hard disk, device or partition means to prepare that particular +device to store data. + + +When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is +applied to that device; this format is the filesystem. + + +A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for +storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less +than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device +usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use +different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further +discrepancies. + + + +What is a filesystem + +A filesystem is a particular way of storing and organizing files on a storage +device such as a hard disk, and is an important part of an operating system. +Without a filesystem, accessing and storing files would be difficult. + + +There are different types of filesystem. The most common are: + + + + +ext2, ext3, and ext4: these are usually found on GNU/Linux operating systems. +Kubuntu uses ext4 as its default filesystem. + + + + +FAT16 and FAT32 are Microsoft Windows +filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the +FAT32 format is a good choice. + + + + +NTFS is the filesystem type used by more modern +versions of Microsoft Windows. + + + + +HFS+ is the Mac OS X default filesystem type. + + + + + +What is a partition? + +A partition is a means of dividing the storage capacity of a device, such as a +hard disk, into several parts which can then be treated as separate storage +devices (logical devices). + + +Each logical device is seen by the operating system as a distinct device, and +thus is treated as an independent disk. + + +Partitioning a hard disk can be done for several reasons: + + + + +To retrieve free space + + + + +To install different operating systems + + + + +To organize data better on the hard disk + + + + + +Mounting and unmounting devices + +When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be +mounted by the operating system so the files on the +device can be accessed. + + +When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the +device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can +all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the +device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some +or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be +unmounted before being disconnected. + +Mounting a device + + +Plug in the removable storage device. + + + + +A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner +of the screen. By clicking the device in the popup +menu, the device will be mounted. As soon as it is mounted, +either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains +a list of options for the device. + + + +Unmounting a device + + +In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that +represents the Device Notifier. Click on the icon, +and a popup menu will appear. + + + + +Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon +on the right side. Click on the icon to +unmount the removable device. + + + + + + + + +Laptops + +This section contains information for people using Kubuntu on a laptop +computer. + + +Power management settings + +Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery +life and reduce energy waste. + + + + +Press the power management icon which looks like a +battery in the system tray. + + + + +Change the settings as appropriate. Changes are applied instantly. + + + + +Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go +blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery +life. In Kubuntu, the screensaver is set to blank as default. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Desktop icon. + + + + +Press the Screen Saver icon. + + + + +Select screen saver and then press Apply. + + + + + +Touchpads + +Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse +pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most +basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way: + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +button. + + + + +Press the Touchpad icon. + + + + +Make any desired touchpad setting changess. Changes should take effect +immediately. + + + + + +Finding laptop testing reports + +Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features +work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may +offer insights into any laptop problems. + + + + +Review the Laptop Testing community support pages +for a full listing of available laptop tests. + + + + +You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + + +Suspending and Hibernating + +In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of +power-saving modes when it is not being used. + + + + +Suspending a computer is like putting the +computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be +left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key +or clicking the mouse. + + + + +Hibernating means turning the computer off +completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all +open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work +will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the +computer is hibernating. + + + + +Shutting down is turning the computer off +completely, without saving the current state of the computer. No power is used +when the computer is shut down. + + + + +Resuming is bringing the computer out of a +power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed +from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse. +Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer. + + + + +Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options +in the System section of the Leave +menu in Kickoff. + + + +Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain +power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a +power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as +expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating. + + + +The computer does not suspend or hibernate correctly + +Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with Kubuntu, and +may show some of the following symptoms: + + + + +The computer does not turn off after hibernate has been clicked. + + + + +When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs +are not restored. + + + + +The computer will not wake up after it has been suspended. + + + + +Certain programs or hardware devices stop working correctly after resuming from +hibernation or waking-up from being suspended. + + + + +If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to Launchpad. The problems +may be fixed in a subsequent version of Kubuntu. + + +If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart +the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work +properly, try closing the program and then starting it again. + + + +Make sure to save all open documents before testing for suspend and hibernate +problems. + + + + +There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is +hibernated + +The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to +hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the +graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the +hibernation process. + + +If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without +turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to The computer does not suspend or hibernate +correctly for more information. + + + + + + +Mice and Keyboards + +This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and +other input devices to make them more comfortable to use. + + +Mice and other pointing devices + +Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and +how clicks are interpreted by the computer. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Mouse icon. + + + + + +Keyboards + +There are several keyboard options, such as the keyboard language and keyboard +shortcuts. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Keyboard icon. + + + + + +Touchpads and graphics tablets + +A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer. + + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
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+ +Strojna oprema +&legalnotice; + + +This document covers the basics of working with hardware in a Linux +system. + + + + + +Introduction + + +A computer consists of a number of connected devices that are collectively +known as computer hardware. Kubuntu normally configures +hardware automatically, but there may be occasions when it is necessary to +make manual changes to hardware settings. This section provides information on +tools for configuring hardware. + + + + + +Proprietary Devices + +Some devices attached to the computer may need proprietary drivers in order to +work properly. Most often, these devices are used for video and wireless +networking. + + +A proprietary driver is a hardware management software application +that is not free and open-source. Typically, the software is concealed and +controlled by the company selling the hardware. + + +Most of the devices (hardware) attached to computers should function properly +in Kubuntu. The devices are likely to have free +drivers. These drivers can be freely modified by developers, and any problems or +incompatibilities with Linux can be fixed. + + +Some hardware does not have free drivers, usually because the hardware +manufacturer has not released details of their hardware which would make it +possible to create such a driver for a Linux system. If such a manufacturer has +not created Linux drivers, the hardware may have limited functionality or +may not work at all. + + +If an appropriate proprietary driver is available for a +certain device, it can be installed in order to allow that device to function +properly or to add new features. For example, installing proprietary drivers +for certain graphics cards allows for the use of advanced visual effects. + + +Some computers may not have any devices that can use proprietary drivers, either +because all of the devices are fully supported by free drivers or because +proprietary drivers are not yet available. + + + +Proprietary drivers are usually maintained by the hardware manufacturer, and so +cannot be modified by developers if there is a problem. + + + +Managing proprietary drivers + +Kubuntu ships with an application developed by Ubuntu developers that +maintains proprietary drivers. This application is known as +Jockey and in Kubuntu is named +jockey-kde>. It can be opened by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + +To use a proprietary driver for a device: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be enabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Activate to enable the +driver. A password may be required. + + + + +The proprietary driver may have to be downloaded and installed. + + + + +It may be necessary to restart the computer to finish enabling the driver; the +driver installation process will not always indicate this requirement. + + + +Disabling a proprietary driver for a device: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + + +Find the driver to be disabled and verify the description. + + + + +Press Remove to disable the +driver and continue using a free driver, if available. A password may be +required. + + + + +It may be necessary to restart the computer to finish disabling +the driver. + + + + + + + + +Disks and Partitions + +This section provides instructions on how to handle disks and drives such as +removable hard disks. + + +partition +partitions + + +partitioning + + +format +formatting + + +mount + + +unmount +umount + + +filesystem +file system + + +Checking how much disk space is available + +There are several ways to see how much disk space is available on a Kubuntu +system. + + + + +Check via the command line + + + + +Check via the file manager + + + + +Check via Partition +Manager + + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the command line + + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + + +At the prompt, type df -h + + + + +Output similar to the following should be displayed: + + +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + + +The command df reports file system disk space usage. The +-h tells df to make the output human +readable. + + + +Check how much disk space is available via the file manager +File managers + +The following procedure can be completed with either +Dolphin or Konqueror. +Dolphin will be shown in this example because it +is the default file manager in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Open Dolphin by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). + + + + +Click on the Root shortcut +button on the left. + + + + +To find out how much space is available in the root partition, +right click in any of the white space in the main +window. Select Properties from the list that is +displayed. + +Avoid highlighting an icon + +When right clicking in the white space, avoid accidentally highlighting any of +the folder icons, because this will display information pertaining only to that +folder. + + +Available disk space for the root device + + + + + + + + + + +Checking usage via Partition Manager + +By default in Kubuntu, the application Partition +Manager is not installed. Please install the Partition +Manager package prior to doing the following procedure. + + + + +Open Partition Manager by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). A +password may be required. + + + + +Click on the device in the +Device section in the left-hand side of the main window. + + + + +Remaining space can be determined by subtracting the amount in the +Used column from the amount in the +Size column. The information can also be displayed by +right clicking on the partition in the list and +selecting Properties. + +Available disk space with Partition Manager + + + + + + + + + + + +How can some disk space be freed up? + +There are several ways of making more disk space available: + + + + +Empty the trash. Open Dolphin by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). Click the +Trash on the left, right +click in the white space and select Empty +Trash. + + + + +Install Computer Janitor for GTK +first. Once installed, open Computer Janitor by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemComputer Janitor. Select the Packages to be +removed. When completed, click the Do +selected tasks button. + +Freeing disk space with Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + + +Remove software packages that are no longer being used. See Managing Software for information +on removing packages. + + + + +Delete files that are no longer needed. + + + +Be careful not to delete files that are still needed! + + + + + +Compress and archive old, rarely-used documents: + + + + +Select the files and folders to be compressed, right +click one of them and select +CompressAs ZIP/TAR +Archive or any of the other choices. + + + + + +Partitioning a device + +Partition Manager can be used to partition storage +devices. Install the Partition +Manager package first, as it is not installed by default +in Kubuntu. Once installed, open Partition Manager +by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + + + +Be careful when altering disk partitions, as it is possible to lose data by +deleting or changing the wrong partition. + + + +For more information on using Partition Manager to +resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review . + + + +Formatting a partition + +Partition Manager can be used to format disk +partitions. Please review . + + + +What is formatting? + +To format a hard disk, device or partition means to prepare that particular +device to store data. + + +When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is +applied to that device; this format is the filesystem. + + +A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for +storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less +than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device +usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use +different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further +discrepancies. + + + +What is a filesystem + +A filesystem is a particular way of storing and organizing files on a storage +device such as a hard disk, and is an important part of an operating system. +Without a filesystem, accessing and storing files would be difficult. + + +There are different types of filesystem. The most common are: + + + + +ext2, ext3, and ext4: these are usually found on GNU/Linux operating systems. +Kubuntu uses ext4 as its default filesystem. + + + + +FAT16 and FAT32 are Microsoft Windows +filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the +FAT32 format is a good choice. + + + + +NTFS is the filesystem type used by more modern +versions of Microsoft Windows. + + + + +HFS+ is the Mac OS X default filesystem type. + + + + + +What is a partition? + +A partition is a means of dividing the storage capacity of a device, such as a +hard disk, into several parts which can then be treated as separate storage +devices (logical devices). + + +Each logical device is seen by the operating system as a distinct device, and +thus is treated as an independent disk. + + +Partitioning a hard disk can be done for several reasons: + + + + +To retrieve free space + + + + +To install different operating systems + + + + +To organize data better on the hard disk + + + + + +Mounting and unmounting devices + +When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be +mounted by the operating system so the files on the +device can be accessed. + + +When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the +device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can +all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the +device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some +or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be +unmounted before being disconnected. + +Mounting a device + + +Plug in the removable storage device. + + + + +A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner +of the screen. By clicking the device in the popup +menu, the device will be mounted. As soon as it is mounted, +either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains +a list of options for the device. + + + +Unmounting a device + + +In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that +represents the Device Notifier. Click on the icon, +and a popup menu will appear. + + + + +Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon +on the right side. Click on the icon to +unmount the removable device. + + + + + + + + +Laptops + +This section contains information for people using Kubuntu on a laptop +computer. + + +Power management settings + +Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery +life and reduce energy waste. + + + + +Press the power management icon which looks like a +battery in the system tray. + + + + +Change the settings as appropriate. Changes are applied instantly. + + + + +Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go +blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery +life. In Kubuntu, the screensaver is set to blank as default. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Desktop icon. + + + + +Press the Screen Saver icon. + + + + +Select screen saver and then press Apply. + + + + + +Touchpads + +Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse +pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most +basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way: + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +button. + + + + +Press the Touchpad icon. + + + + +Make any desired touchpad setting changess. Changes should take effect +immediately. + + + + + +Finding laptop testing reports + +Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features +work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may +offer insights into any laptop problems. + + + + +Review the Laptop Testing community support pages +for a full listing of available laptop tests. + + + + +You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + + +Suspending and Hibernating + +In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of +power-saving modes when it is not being used. + + + + +Suspending a computer is like putting the +computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be +left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key +or clicking the mouse. + + + + +Hibernating means turning the computer off +completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all +open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work +will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the +computer is hibernating. + + + + +Shutting down is turning the computer off +completely, without saving the current state of the computer. No power is used +when the computer is shut down. + + + + +Resuming is bringing the computer out of a +power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed +from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse. +Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer. + + + + +Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options +in the System section of the Leave +menu in Kickoff. + + + +Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain +power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a +power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as +expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating. + + + +The computer does not suspend or hibernate correctly + +Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with Kubuntu, and +may show some of the following symptoms: + + + + +The computer does not turn off after hibernate has been clicked. + + + + +When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs +are not restored. + + + + +The computer will not wake up after it has been suspended. + + + + +Certain programs or hardware devices stop working correctly after resuming from +hibernation or waking-up from being suspended. + + + + +If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to Launchpad. The problems +may be fixed in a subsequent version of Kubuntu. + + +If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart +the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work +properly, try closing the program and then starting it again. + + + +Make sure to save all open documents before testing for suspend and hibernate +problems. + + + + +There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is +hibernated + +The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to +hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the +graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the +hibernation process. + + +If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without +turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to The computer does not suspend or hibernate +correctly for more information. + + + + + + +Mice and Keyboards + +This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and +other input devices to make them more comfortable to use. + + +Mice and other pointing devices + +Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and +how clicks are interpreted by the computer. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Mouse icon. + + + + + +Keyboards + +There are several keyboard options, such as the keyboard language and keyboard +shortcuts. + + + + +Open System Settings by going to Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Keyboard icon. + + + + + +Touchpads and graphics tablets + +A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer. + + + + +Touchpads + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/sv/hardware.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/sv/hardware.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/hardware/sv/hardware.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/hardware/sv/hardware.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1151 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hårdvara +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument beskriver grunderna i hur man arbetar med hårdvara i ett Linux-system. + + + + +Introduktion + + +A computer consists of a number of connected devices that are collectively +known as computer hardware. Kubuntu normally configures +hardware automatically, but there may be occasions when it is necessary to +make manual changes to hardware settings. This section provides information on +tools for configuring hardware. + + + + + +Proprietära enheter +Vissa enheter anslutna till datorn kan behöva proprietära drivrutiner för att fungera korrekt. Oftast används dessa enheter för video och trådlösa nätverk. + +En proprietär drivrutin är ett program för hårdvaruhantering som inte är fri och öppen källkod. Normalt är programvaran hemlig och kontrolleras av företaget som säljer hårdvara. + +De flesta enheter (hårdvara) som är anslutna till datorer skall fungera korrekt i Kubuntu. Dessa enheter har sannolikt fria drivrutiner. Dessa drivrutiner kan fritt ändras utav utvecklar och eventuella problem eller inkommabiltet med Linux kan rättas till. +En del hårdvara har inga fria drivrutiner, vanligen därför att maskinvarutillverkaren inte har släppt detaljer om sin hårdvara vilket skulle göra det möjligt att skapa en drivrutin för ett Linux-system. Om en sådan tillverkare inte har skapat några Linux-drivrutiner, kan hårdvaran ha begränsad funktionalitet eller kanske inte fungera alls. + +If an appropriate proprietary driver is available for a +certain device, it can be installed in order to allow that device to function +properly or to add new features. For example, installing proprietary drivers +for certain graphics cards allows for the use of advanced visual effects. + + +Some computers may not have any devices that can use proprietary drivers, either +because all of the devices are fully supported by free drivers or because +proprietary drivers are not yet available. + + + +Proprietary drivers are usually maintained by the hardware manufacturer, and so +cannot be modified by developers if there is a problem. + + + +Hantera proprietära drivrutiner + +Kubuntu ships with an application developed by Ubuntu developers that +maintains proprietary drivers. This application is known as +Jockey and in Kubuntu is named +jockey-kde>. It can be opened by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + +För att använda proprietära drivrutiner till en enhet: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + +Hitta den drivrutin som ska aktiveras och verifiera beskrivningen. + + +TryckAktivera för att aktivera drivrutinen. Ett lösenord kan behövas. + + +Den proprietära drivrutinen kan behöva hämtas och installeras. + + +Det kan vara nödvändigt att starta om datorn för att slutföra aktiveringen av drivrutinen; installationsprocessen av drivrutinen kanske inte indikerar att en omstart behövs. + + +Inaktivera en proprietär drivrutin för en enhet: + + +Open Jockey by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. + + + +Hitta den drivrutin som ska inaktiveras och verifiera beskrivningen. + + +TryckTa bort för att inaktivera drivrutinen och fortsätta använda en fri drivrutin, om det finns någon. Ett lösenord kan behövas. + + +Det kan vara nödvändigt att starta om datorn för att slutföra inaktiveringen av drivrutinen. + + + + + + + +Diskar och partitioner + +This section provides instructions on how to handle disks and drives such as +removable hard disks. + + +partition +partitioner + + +partitionering + + +formatera +formatering + + +montera + + +avmontera +umount + + +filsystem +filsystem + + +Kontrollera hur mycket diskutrymme som är tillgängligt +Det finns flera sätt för att se hur mycket diskutrymme som finns tillgängligt i ett Kubuntu-system. + + + +Kontrollera via kommandoraden + + + + +Kontrollera via filhanteraren + + + + +Kontrollera via partitionshanterare + + + + +Kontrollera hur mycket diskutrymme som är tillgängligt via kommandoraden + + +Öppna Terminal genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + +Vid prompten, skriv df -h + + +Resultatet som visas bör likna följande: + +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +/dev/sda5 37G 7.6G 28G 22% / +/dev/sda1 122M 50M 67M 43% /boot +/dev/sda6 70G 34G 33G 52% /home + +Kommandot df rapporterar filsystemets användning av diskutrymmet. -h talar om för df att göra rapporteringen läsbar. + + +Check how much disk space is available via the file manager +Filhanterare + +The following procedure can be completed with either +Dolphin or Konqueror. +Dolphin will be shown in this example because it +is the default file manager in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Open Dolphin by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). + + + + +Click on the Root shortcut +button on the left. + + + + +To find out how much space is available in the root partition, +right click in any of the white space in the main +window. Select Properties from the list that is +displayed. + +Avoid highlighting an icon + +When right clicking in the white space, avoid accidentally highlighting any of +the folder icons, because this will display information pertaining only to that +folder. + + +Available disk space for the root device + + + + + + + + + + +Checking usage via Partition Manager + +By default in Kubuntu, the application Partition +Manager is not installed. Please install the Partition +Manager package prior to doing the following procedure. + + + + +Open Partition Manager by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). A +password may be required. + + + + +Click on the device in the +Device section in the left-hand side of the main window. + + + + +Remaining space can be determined by subtracting the amount in the +Used column from the amount in the +Size column. The information can also be displayed by +right clicking on the partition in the list and +selecting Properties. + +Available disk space with Partition Manager + + + + + + + + + + + +How can some disk space be freed up? + +There are several ways of making more disk space available: + + + + +Empty the trash. Open Dolphin by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemFile Manager (Dolphin). Click the +Trash on the left, right +click in the white space and select Empty +Trash. + + + + +Install Computer Janitor for GTK +first. Once installed, open Computer Janitor by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemComputer Janitor. Select the Packages to be +removed. When completed, click the Do +selected tasks button. + +Freeing disk space with Computer Janitor + + + + + + + + + +Remove software packages that are no longer being used. See Managing Software for information +on removing packages. + + + + +Delete files that are no longer needed. + + + +Be careful not to delete files that are still needed! + + + + + +Compress and archive old, rarely-used documents: + + + + +Select the files and folders to be compressed, right +click one of them and select +CompressAs ZIP/TAR +Archive or any of the other choices. + + + + + +Partitionera en enhet + +Partition Manager can be used to partition storage +devices. Install the Partition +Manager package first, as it is not installed by default +in Kubuntu. Once installed, open Partition Manager +by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemPartition Editor (KDE Partition Manager). + + + +Be careful when altering disk partitions, as it is possible to lose data by +deleting or changing the wrong partition. + + + +For more information on using Partition Manager to +resize, copy, or install a new operating system, please review . + + + +Formattera en partition + +Partition Manager can be used to format disk +partitions. Please review . + + + +Vad är formatering? + +To format a hard disk, device or partition means to prepare that particular +device to store data. + + +When a hard disk or partition is formatted, a specific data-storage format is +applied to that device; this format is the filesystem. + + +A newly purchased disk is usually not formatted, and cannot yet be used for +storing data. After the device has been formatted, the free space on it is less +than the original size. Some of the disk space is used to make the device +usable; this space is occupied by the filesystem. Also, disk manufacturers use +different standards to express disk capacity, which results in further +discrepancies. + + + +Vad är ett filsystem +Ett filsystem är ett särskilt sätt att lagra och organisera filer på en lagringsenhet, såsom en hårddisk och det är en viktig del av ett operativsystem. Utan ett filsystem skulle det vara svårt att komma åt och lagra filer. + +There are different types of filesystem. The most common are: + + + + +ext2, ext3, and ext4: these are usually found on GNU/Linux operating systems. +Kubuntu uses ext4 as its default filesystem. + + + + +FAT16 and FAT32 are Microsoft Windows +filesystems found on older computers. To share data between two computers, the +FAT32 format is a good choice. + + + + +NTFS is the filesystem type used by more modern +versions of Microsoft Windows. + + + + +HFS+ is the Mac OS X default filesystem type. + + + + + +Vad är en partition? +En partition är ett sätt att dela upp lagringskapaciteten på en enhet, såsom en hårddisk, i flera delar som sedan kan ses som separata lagringsenheter (logiska enheter). +Varje logisk enhet ses av operativsystemet som en särskild enhet, och behandlas därför som en oberoende disk. + +Partitioning a hard disk can be done for several reasons: + + + +Återfå ledigt utrymme + + +Installera olika operativsystem + + + +To organize data better on the hard disk + + + + + +Montera och avmontera enheter + +When a removable storage device is connected to a computer, it must be +mounted by the operating system so the files on the +device can be accessed. + + +When files are copied to a storage device, they are not always written to the +device immediately. Instead, they are often stored in a queue so that they can +all be transferred to the device at the same time (for efficiency). If the +device is disconnected before all of the files have been transferred, some +or all of the files may be lost. To prevent this, a storage device must be +unmounted before being disconnected. + +Montera en enhet + + +Plug in the removable storage device. + + + + +A notification menu and blue circle icon will appear in the bottom right corner +of the screen. By clicking the device in the popup +menu, the device will be mounted. As soon as it is mounted, +either the file manager will appear or a dialog will be presented that contains +a list of options for the device. + + + +Avmontera en enhet + + +In the system tray, there is an icon that looks like a computer monitor that +represents the Device Notifier. Click on the icon, +and a popup menu will appear. + + + + +Hovering above the device description with the cursor will display an eject icon +on the right side. Click on the icon to +unmount the removable device. + + + + + + + + +Bärbara datorer + +This section contains information for people using Kubuntu on a laptop +computer. + + +Inställning för strömhantering + +Changing the power management settings of a laptop may help extend its battery +life and reduce energy waste. + + + + +Press the power management icon which looks like a +battery in the system tray. + + + +Ändra inställningarna på lämpligt sätt. Ändringarna verkställs omedelbart. + + + +Displaying a screensaver may use more power than simply letting the screen go +blank. Turning off the screensaver could slightly improve the laptop battery +life. In Kubuntu, the screensaver is set to blank as default. + + + +Öppna Systeminställningar genom att gå till Kickoff programstartDatorSysteminställningar. + + + +Press the Desktop icon. + + + + +Press the Screen Saver icon. + + + + +Select screen saver and then press Apply. + + + + + +Pekplattor + +Most laptop computers come with a touchpad, which is used to control the mouse +pointer. There are many ways of changing the way the touchpad behaves. Most +basic touchpad settings can be configured in the following way: + + + +Öppna Systeminställningar genom att gå till Kickoff programstartDatorSysteminställningar. + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +button. + + + + +Press the Touchpad icon. + + + + +Make any desired touchpad setting changess. Changes should take effect +immediately. + + + + + +Hitta testrapporter för bärbara datorer + +Some laptops are tested by the Ubuntu community to ensure that various features +work correctly. The results of these tests are available for reading, and may +offer insights into any laptop problems. + + + + +Review the Laptop Testing community support pages +for a full listing of available laptop tests. + + + + +You can participate in laptop testing yourself by visiting Ubuntu Laptop Testing. + + + + +Viloläge och vänteläge + +In order to save power, a computer can be put into one of a number of +power-saving modes when it is not being used. + + + + +Suspending a computer is like putting the +computer to sleep. The computer will still be turned on and all work will be +left open, but it will use much less power. Wake the computer by pressing a key +or clicking the mouse. + + + + +Hibernating means turning the computer off +completely while saving the current state of the computer (such as keeping all +open documents). When the computer is turned back on after hibernation, all work +will be restored as it was before hibernation. No power is used when the +computer is hibernating. + + + +Stänga av är att stänga av datorn helt, utan att spara det aktuella tillståndet för datorn. Ingen ström används när datorn är avstängd. + + + +Resuming is bringing the computer out of a +power-saving mode and back into normal operation. The computer can be resumed +from being suspended by pressing a keyboard button or by clicking the mouse. +Resume from being hibernated by pressing the power button on the computer. + + + + +Manually put the computer into power-saving mode by selecting one of the options +in the System section of the Leave +menu in Kickoff. + + + +Some computers may have problems going into and resuming from certain +power-saving modes. The best way of checking if a computer can handle a +power-saving mode is to try it. Switch to that mode and see if it behaves as +expected. Always save important documents before suspending or hibernating. + + + +The computer does not suspend or hibernate correctly + +Some computers are unable to suspend or hibernate correctly with Kubuntu, and +may show some of the following symptoms: + + + + +The computer does not turn off after hibernate has been clicked. + + + + +When the computer is turned back on after hibernating, previously open programs +are not restored. + + + + +The computer will not wake up after it has been suspended. + + + +Vissa program eller maskinvaruenheter slutar att fungera korrekt efter att de har återställts från viloläget eller vaknat upp ifrån vänteläget. + + + +If any of these problems occur, a bug should be reported to Launchpad. The problems +may be fixed in a subsequent version of Kubuntu. + + +If the hardware does not work properly after suspending or hibernating, restart +the computer and it should return to normal. If a program does not work +properly, try closing the program and then starting it again. + + + +Make sure to save all open documents before testing for suspend and hibernate +problems. + + + + +There's a strange pattern on the screen when the computer is +hibernated + +The screen may show a black and white pattern just after it is clicked to +hibernate. This is usually nothing to worry about and is just how the +graphics cards of some computers respond to the initial stages of the +hibernation process. + + +If the computer displays the pattern for a prolonged period of time without +turning itself off then there may be a problem with hibernation. Refer to The computer does not suspend or hibernate +correctly for more information. + + + + + + +Möss och tangentbord + +This section provides instructions on using and configuring mice, keyboards and +other input devices to make them more comfortable to use. + + +Möss och andra pekdon + +Numerous mouse options can be changed, such as how fast the pointer moves and +how clicks are interpreted by the computer. + + + +Öppna Systeminställningar genom att gå till Kickoff programstartDatorSysteminställningar. + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Mouse icon. + + + + + +Tangentbord + +There are several keyboard options, such as the keyboard language and keyboard +shortcuts. + + + +Öppna Systeminställningar genom att gå till Kickoff programstartDatorSysteminställningar. + + + +Press the Keyboard and Mouse +icon. + + + + +Press the Keyboard icon. + + + + + +Pekplattor och ritbräden + +A touchpad or graphics tablet can be used to move a mouse pointer. + + + + +Pekplattor + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/de/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/de/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/de/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/de/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,699 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Software-Verwaltung in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument beschreibt den Umgang mit und Aktualisierung von Software unter Kubuntu. + + + + + +Einleitung + +Es gibt mehrere Wege Software unter Kubuntu zu verwalten. Ein bequemer Weg für das Zufügen und Entfernen von Programmen ist eine Paketverwaltung zu benutzen. Die folgenden Paketmanager sind in diesem Dokument beschrieben: + +Grafische Anwendungen + +KPackageKit + +Ein Programm mit einer grafischen Benutzeroberfläche (GUI) zum Installieren und Entfernen von Programmen. KPackageKit kann gestartet werden über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemSoftwareverwaltung (KPackageKit). + + + + +Kommandozeilen-Programme + +APT + +(Advanced Package Tool) ist ein komplettes System zur Softwareverwaltung. + + + + +Aptitude + +Eine textbasierte Meta-Schnittstelle für apt. + + + +Es ist möglich die Anzahl der Programme zu erhöhen, die mit Paketverwaltungen installiert werden können. Die Standard-Installation beinhaltet nicht alle Programme, die mit Kubuntu genutzt werden können. Die Funktionalität des Systems kann erweitert werden, indem mehr oder neuere Software installiert wird. Dieses Dokument beschreibt, wie Paketquellen hinzugefügt werden können. +Die in Kubuntu enthaltene Software wird fortschreitend verbessert. Mit einer Internetverbindung und der Kubuntu-Softwareaktualisierung können die neuesten Funktions- und Sicherheitsverbesserungen angewandt werden. Dieses Dokument beschreibt wie eine Aktualisierung durchgeführt wird. + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Die Paketverwaltung (KPackageKit) ist eine grafische Anwendung zur Programminstallation auf dem Kubuntu-System. Eine Paketverwaltung ermöglicht es außerdem Software und Softwarequellen zu verwalten. Software-Installation oder -Entfernung ist immer mit einem Passwort gesichert, um Fehler und möglicherweise gefährliche Situationen zu vermeiden, die das System destabilisieren könnten. + +Installieren Sie neue Software mit den folgenden Schritten: + + +KpackageKit starten über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemPaketverwaltung (KPackageKit). + + + +Im Suchfeld am oberen Rand des Fensters nach Programmen suchen. - ANMERKUNG: Da die Programmbeschreibungen in der Regel englisch sind, hilft es englische Wörter zu benutzen. + + + +Die Anwendung wird nun im großen Fenster unterhalb der Suche aufgelistet. Ein Klick auf den nach unten zeigenden Pfeil am Rand neben der Softwarebeschreibung merkt die Software vor. Der Pfeil ändert dabei die Farbe. Ein Klick auf Anwenden startet nun den Installations-Prozess. + + + +Es kann sein, dass KpackageKit weitere benötigte Pakete anzeigt. Eine Bestätigung wird dazu führen, dass die notwendigen Pakete heruntergeladen werden. Das Programm ist dann nach Abschluss des Installationsprozesses fertig zur Benutzung. Sehr selten ist es nötig, das System nach einer Software-Aktualisierung neu zu starten. + + +KPackageKit stellt eine einfache Methode zur Verfügung, um Software zu entfernen, die nicht mehr benötigt wird. Um eine Anwendung zu entfernen: + + +KpackageKit starten über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemPaketverwaltung (KPackageKit). + + + +Suchen Sie nach einer Anwendung im Suchfeld und führen Sie dann einen Klick auf das X in der Spalte „Aktion“ aus. + + + +Klicken Sie auf Anwenden und KPackageKit wird die Anwendung entfernen. + + + + + + +APT + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) ist ein mächtiges Software-Verwaltungswerkzeug. Es stellt die Basis des grafischen Programms Softwareverwaltung dar. APT stellt Abhängigkeiten fest und führt automatisch weitere Arbeiten durch, die benötigt werden bei der Installation eines Pakets. + +APT benötigt Systemverwaltungsrechte. Die Eingabe des Befehls mit einem vorangestellten „sudo“ bewirkt, dass das Passwort abgefragt wird. Die meisten der folgenden Befehle werden ohne „sudo“ nicht funktionieren. + +Gängige Befehle, die mit APT verwendet werden, sind: + + +Pakete installieren: sudo apt-get install Paketname + + +Pakete entfernen: sudo apt-get remove Paketname + + +Paket-Abhängigkeiten entfernen, die nicht länger benötigt werden: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Nach Paketen suchen: apt-cache search Suchbegriff + + +Die aktuellen Listen der verfügbaren Pakete abfragen: sudo apt-get update + + +Die neuesten verfügbaren Aktualisierungen für die derzeit installierten Anwendungen installieren: sudo apt-get upgrade + + +Weitere Befehle und Optionen auflisten: apt-get help + + + +Weitere Informationen über die Benutzung von APT finden sich im sehr guten (englischen) Debian APT User Manual. + + + + + + +Aptitude + +Aptitude ist ein Programm für die Befehlszeile, das ebenso auf APT aufbaut. Aptitude ermöglicht es Ihnen interaktiv Pakete zum Entfernen, Aktualisieren oder Installieren auszuwählen. Aptitude ist eine umfangreiche Paketverwaltung und bietet Ihnen daher mehr Möglichkeiten und Kontrolle als der „reine“ APT-Befehl. + +Bitte bei Benutzung die deutschsprachigen Warnungen hierzu im Kubuntu-de.org-Wiki beachten, um das System funktionstüchtig zu halten: http://wiki.kubuntu-de.org/Konfiguration/Programme_installieren/Paketmanagement/apt#Aptitude_und_apt-get ! + + + + +Manuelle Installation + +Obwohl die bevorzugte Methode Programme zu installieren die Nutzung der Paketverwaltung ist, wie in beschrieben, können durchaus auch individuelle Software-Pakete heruntergeladen und installiert werden. Verschiedene Paket-Dateien sind für Linux-Systeme erhältlich. Unterschiedliche Linux-Distributionen nutzen hierbei spezifische Lösungen. Einige kann man nach ihren Dateiendungen unterscheiden. + +Um eine einzelne Anwendung zu installieren wird empfohlen ein Ubuntu-Paket dieses Programms auszuwählen und es mit Hilfe der Softwareverwaltung zu installieren. Dies stellt sicher, dass das Programm kompatibel ist mit anderen Programmen auf dem System. Falls einmal kein Paket über die Software-Verwaltung verfügbar ist, kann es sein, dass es trotzdem manuell installiert werden kann. Die genaue Installationsart hängt vom Paket-Typ ab. + + +Installieren/Entfernen von .deb-Paketen + +Pakete für Kubuntu nutzen die Dateiendung .deb, weil Kubuntu eine sehr enge Verbindung zur Debian-GNU/Linux-Distribution hat. Einzelne .deb-Dateien können heruntergeladen und installiert werden. Hierfür sind Systemverwaltungsrechte notwendig. +Um eine .deb-Datei zu installieren, einfach mit dem linken Mausknopf auf die .deb-Datei klicken, um den Installations-Prozess in Gang zu setzen. Nun folgt die Aufforderung zur Eingabe des Passwortes für den Administrator. + + + +Konvertieren von .rpm- in .deb-Dateien + +Dateien für die „Red Hat“-Paketverwaltung nutzen die Dateiendung .rpm. Es wird nicht empfohlen diese Dateien auf einem Kubuntu-System zu installieren. In beinahe allen Fällen wird eine Ubuntu-Version erhältlich sein. Falls es dennoch notwendig sein sollte, kann ein .rpm-Paket mit dem Werkzeug alien in ein .deb-Paket umgewandelt werden. + +Alien installieren + +Öffnen Sie die Softwareverwaltung über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemSoftwareverwaltung (KPackageKit). + + +Geben Sie alien in das Suchfeld Suchen am oberen Rand des Fensters ein. + + +Suchen Sie das Paket mit dem Namen alien und wählen Sie es aus. Klicken Sie auf den Pfeil-Knopf. Der Pfeil wird die Farbe ändern. + + + +Klicken Sie auf Anwenden und anschließend auf Jetzt installieren. Es kann sein, dass zusätzliche Pakete (Abhängigkeiten) installiert werden müssen. Bestätigen Sie dies. + + + +Wenn nach dem Passwort gefragt wird, geben Sie das entsprechende Passwort ein und drücken Sie OK. + + + +Sobald die Installation beendet ist, kann die Softwareverwaltung geschlossen werden. + + + +Alien benutzen + +Öffnen Sie die Konsole über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + +Geben Sie in der Befehlszeile sudo alien package_file.rpm ein und drücken Sie die Eingabe-Taste. + + +Für weitere Informationen über alien, geben Sie man alien ein. Die Informationen des man-Befehls verlässt man mit der Taste q. + + + + + +Installieren aus dem Quellcode + +Die Endungen .tar.gz oder .tar.bz2 sind weit verbreitete Dateiendungen für Programm-Quellcode-Pakete unter Linux. Wenn in den Paketquellen kein Kubuntu-Paket zur Verfügung steht, können Sie das Programm eventuell kompilieren und das Paket aus den Quellen installieren. Weitere Tipps zum Kompilieren werden hier angeboten: + * ubuntuusers.de: Kompilieren (deutsch) - allgemeine Hinweise + * kubuntu-de.org: Kompilieren (deutsch) spezifische Hinweise für die Kompilation von KDE-Programmen. + * Compiling Software im Ubuntu-Wiki (englisch) + + + + + +Verwalten von Paketquellen + + +Was sind Paketquellen? + +Für das Kubuntu-System sind tausende Programme frei erhältlich. Diese Programme werden in Software-Archiven (Paketquellen, auf Englisch: repositories) gespeichert und zur Installation über das Internet zur Verfügung gestellt. Dies vereinfacht die Installation neuer Programme unter Kubuntu. Sie erhöhen ebenso die Sicherheit, da alle enthaltenen Programme speziell für Kubuntu erstellt und gründlich überprüft werden, bevor sie installiert werden. Kubuntu-Paketquellen werden in vier Gruppen eingeteilt: + + +Hauptquelle („main“) +Eingeschränkte Software („restricted“) +Universum („universe“) +Multiversum („multiverse“) + +Zwei Faktoren werden verwendet, um die Kategorie zu bestimmen: + + +Den Grad an Unterstützung, den Software-Entwickler für ein Paket bereitstellen + + +Der Grad der Übereinstimmung, den ein Programm mit der Phliosophie freier Software (englisch) hat. + + +Weitere Informationen über die Paketquellen sind auf Kubuntu-de.org (deutsch) und der Ubuntu-Website (englisch) verfügbar. +Die Standard-Kubuntu-LiveCD enthält Programme aus den Bereichen Main und Restricted. Wird eine Paketverwaltung mit aktuellen Informationen über das Internet versorgt, können mehr Programme hierüber installiert werden. Die bereits enthaltene Paketverwaltung macht es möglich solche Software zu entdecken, zu installieren und aktuell zu halten – ohne dass die LiveCD weiterhin benötigt wird. + + + +Paketquellen hinzufügen oder entfernen + +Um zusätzliche Paketquellen zu aktivieren: + + +Starten Sie die Softwareverwaltung über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenSystemSoftwareverwaltung (KPackageKit). + + +Wählen Sie EinstellungenSoftwarequellen bearbeiten. + + +Um fortzufahren, benötigen Sie das Passwort eines Systemverwalters. + + + +Wählen Sie nun den Karteireiter Andere Software aus. Bereits vorhandene Paketquellen können mit den dazugehörigen Kästchen an- und abgewählt werden. Der Hinzufügen ...-Knopf ermöglicht die Eingabe weiterer Paketquellen. + + + +Geben Sie nun die Adresse der Paketquelle ein. Achten Sie auf das richtige Format, das ungefähr folgendermaßen aussieht: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu karmic main + + + +Nachdem die Adresse der Paketquelle eingegeben wurde, erscheint ein Fenster, das Sie auffordert die Paketquellen zu aktualisieren. Dies ermöglicht KPackageKit, die neu verfügbare Software anzuzeigen. + + + +Um eine Paketquelle zu entfernen, wählen Sie diese im Reiter Software von Kubuntu oder Andere Software aus und drücken Sie den Knopf Entfernen. + + + + + + + +Aktualisieren + +Die Kubuntu-Entwickler veröffentlichen Sicherheits- und Verbesserungsaktualisierungen für das Kubuntu-System. + +Sobald Aktualisierungen verfügbar sind, zeigt Kubuntu eine Nachricht im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste an. Um das System zu aktualisieren, drücken Sie den Knopf Prüfen und aktualisieren. Nachdem sich KPackageKit geöffnet hat, wählen Sie Alle Aktualisierungen auswählen und anschließend Anwenden. Kubuntu wird die Aktualisierungen daraufhin herunterladen und installieren. + +Sobald die Softwareverwaltung die Aktualisierung beendet hat, klicken Sie auf OK, um das Fenster zu schließen. + +Nach manchen Aktualisierungen muss der Rechner neu gestartet werden. Sofern dass der Fall ist, zeigt Kubuntu eine Benachrichtigung und ein Symbol im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste an. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/es/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/es/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/es/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/es/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,823 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestión de software en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento describe como gestionar y actualizar software en Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introducción + +Hay muchas formas de administrar aplicaciones en Kubuntu. Una forma conveniente para agregar o quitar aplicaciones es con un administrador de paquetes. Los siguientes administradores de paquetes están descritos en este documento: + +Clientes gráficos + +KPackageKit + +Un programa avanzado con interfaz gráfica de usuario (GUI) para instalar y eliminar aplicaciones. KPackageKit se puede iniciar dirigiéndose a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaAdministración de Software (KPackageKit). + + + + +Utilidades de línea de órdenes + +APT + +(Herramienta avanzada de paquetes) es un sistema completo para administración de paquetes de software + + + + +Aptitude + +Basado en texto, una interfaz de alto nivel para apt. + + + +Es posible incrementar el número de programas que pueden ser instalados con el administrador de paquetes. La instalación predeterminada no incluye todos los programas que se pueden usar con Kubuntu. La funcionalidad del sistema se puede mejorar incluyendo más aplicaciones y software más nuevos. Este documento describe como añadir repositorios de software. +El software que comprende Kubuntu esta siendo mejorado continuamente. Las últimas mejoras y las correcciones de seguridad pueden aplicarse al sistema fácilmente con una conexión a Internet y la actualización del software deKubuntu + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Gestión de Software (KPackageKit) es una herramienta gráfica para instalar nuevo software en el sistema Kubuntu. Gestión de Software también proporciona herramientas para la administración de software y repositorios. La instalación y desinstalación de software está protegida con contraseña con el objetivo de prevenir errores y potenciales acciones peligrosas que afecten la operación del sistema + +Instales software nuevo con los siguientes pasos: + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Busque la aplicación con la caja de búsqueda y los filtros arriba de la ventana. + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + +KPackageKit proporciona un método sencillo de eliminar software que ya no se necesita. Para eliminar una aplicación: + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Busque la aplicación en el cuadro de búsqueda y a continuación, pulse en la X en «Acción» al lado de la columna del título de software. + + + +Pulse Aplicar y KPackageKit eliminará la aplicación. + + + + + + +APT + + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) is a +powerful package management system, which is the basis for the graphical +Software Management application. +APT automatically handles dependencies and performs +other package operations that are required for package installation. + + +Correr APT requiere privilegios de administrador. Introducir las órdenes con «sudo» genera una petición de contraseña. Varios de las siguientes órdenes no se ejecutará sin sudo + +Las órdenes comunes de uso con APT son: + + +Instalar paquetes: sudo apt-get install nombre_del_paquete + + +Eliminar paquetes: sudo apt-get remove nombre_del_paquete + + +Eliminar los paquete dependientes que ya no son necesarios: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Buscar paquetes: apt-cache search palabra_clave + + +Recuperar la lista actual de los paquetes disponibles: sudo apt-get update + + +Instalar las últimas actualizaciones disponibles para las aplicaciones actualmente instaladas: sudo apt-get upgrade + + +Mostrar más órdenes y opciones: apt-get help + + + +Para más información sobre el uso de APT, lea el comprensible Manual de Usuario de Debian APT. + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Instalación manual + +Aunque el método preferido de instalación de programas es con el gestor de paquetes descrito en , Los archivos de paquetes de software individual se pueden descargar e instalar. Varios tipos paquetes de archivos están disponibles para sistemas Linux. Generalmente, este tipo de archivos están asociados a los gestores de paquetes de las diferentes distribuciones Linux. + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Instalar/Desinstalar paquetes .deb + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + +Para instalar un archivo .deb, simplemente haga clic izquierdo sobre el archivo .deb para iniciar el proceso de instalación. Se le preguntará la contraseña asociada con la necesidad del privilegio administrativo. + + + +Convertir paquetes .rpm a paquetes .deb + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Instalar Alien + +Abra Gestión de software yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaGestión de software (KPackageKit). + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + +Si se le pregunta, introduzca la contraseña correcta y pulse Aceptar/guibutton>. + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Usar alien + +Abra Konsole yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaTerminal (Konsole). + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Instalar desde el código fuente + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Gestionar los repositorios + + +¿Qué son los repositorios? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + +Dos factores son usados para determinar las categorias + + +El nivel de soporte que el equipo de desarrollo de software proporciona para un programa + + +El nivel de conformidad que tiene un programa con la Filosofía del Software Libre + + +Hay más información acerca de los repositorios en el sitio web de Ubuntu. + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Añadir o quitar repositorios + +Para activar repositorios adicionales: + + +Inicie Gestión de software elijiendo Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesSistemaGestión de software (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + +Para proceder es necesaria una contraseña administrativa. + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + + +To remove a repository, select it in Software Sources, and +press the Remove button. When the process is +complete, press the Close button. + + + + + + + + +Actualizar + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + + +When updates become available, Kubuntu will display a message in the System +Tray. To update the system, click the Review and Update +button, which will open KPackageKit. Click Select All +Updates and then Apply. Kubuntu will +download and install the updates. + + + +When Software Management has finished updating, +close the window by clicking the Okay button. + + +After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the +computer. If so, Kubuntu will display a pop-up and an icon in the System +Tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/et/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/et/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/et/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/et/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,803 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Tarkvara haldamine <phrase>Kubuntus</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +See dokument kirjeldab Kubuntu haldamise ja uuendamise rakendusi. + + + + + +Sissejuhatus + +Kubuntus on mitut erinevat viisi rakendusi hallata. Mugav viis rakendusi lisada ja eemaldada on kasutades paketihaldurit. Paketihaldur on kirjeldatud järgnevas dokumendis: + +Graafilised kliendid + +KPackageKit + +Muu programm rakenduste paigaldamiseks ja eemaldamiseks on graafilise kasutajaliidesega (GUI). KPackageKiti saab käivitada, minnes Kickoff rakendused käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTarkvarahaldur (KPackageKit). + + + + +Käsurea abivahendid + +APT + +(Laiendatud paketi tööriist) on täielik süsteem tarkvarapaketi haldamiseks. + + + + +Kalduvus + +Tekstipõhine, kõrgtasemeline liides apt. + + + + +It is possible to increase the number of programs that can be installed with +package managers. The default installation does not include all the programs +that can be used with Kubuntu. System functionality can be enhanced by +including more applications and newer software. This document describes how to +add software repositories. + + +The software that comprises Kubuntu is being improved continuously. With an +Internet connection and Kubuntu software updating, the latest improvements and +security fixes can be applied to a system easily. This document explains how to +perform update. + + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Tarkvarahaldur (KPackageKit) on graafiline tööriist uute tarkvarade paigaldamiseks Kubuntu süsteemis. Tarkvarahaldur varustab sind tööriistade ja tarkvarahoidlatega. Tarkvara paigaldamine ja eemaldamine on parooliga kaitstud ning aitab ennetada vigu ning potentsiaalselt ohtlikke toiminguid, mis võivad sinu süsteemi operatsioone mõjutada. + +Uue tarkvara paigaldamiseks järgi järgnevaid samme: + + +Käivita KpackageKit, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTarkvarahaldur (KPackageKit). + + + +Otsi rakendusi kasutades otsingukasti ning filtreid akna ülaosas. + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + +KPackageKit pakub lihtsat meetodit rakenduse eemaldamiseks. Rakenduse eemaldamiseks tee järgmist: + + +Käivita KpackageKit, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTarkvarahaldur (KPackageKit). + + + +Otsi rakendust otsingukastist ning kliki seejärel X "Tegevuse" veergu tarkvara pealkirja kõrvale. + + + +Kliki Rakenda ning KPackageKit eemaldab seejärel rakenduse. + + + + + + +APT + + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) is a +powerful package management system, which is the basis for the graphical +Software Management application. +APT automatically handles dependencies and performs +other package operations that are required for package installation. + + + +Running APT requires administrative privileges. +Entering commands with "sudo" generates a password prompt. Several of the +commands below will not run without sudo. + + +APT üldised käsud on: + + +Paigalda pakett: sudo apt-get install paketi nimi + + +Eemalda pakett: sudo apt-get remove paketi nimi + + +Eemalda pakettide sõltuvused, mida enam ei vajata: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Otsi pakette: apt-cache search märksõna + + +Loendi saamiseks saadavalolevate pakettide kohta: sudo apt-get update + + + +Install the latest available updates for the applications currently installed: +sudo apt-get upgrade + + + +Vaata rohkem käske: apt-get help + + + +Lisainformatsiooni APT kasutamise kohta leiad Debian APT kasutusjuhendist. + + + + + + +Kalduvus + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Käsitsi paigaldamine + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Paigalda/eemalda .deb pakette + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Muuda .rpm failid .deb failideks + +Red Hat paketihalduri failidel on .rpm järelliide. Neid ei ole soovitatav Kubuntu süsteemi paigaldada. Peaaegu kõikidel juhtudel on Kubuntu algne .deb paketi versioon saadaval. Kui vajalik, siis.rpm faili on võimalik teisendada .deb paketiks, kasutades programmi alien. + +Alieni paigaldamine + +Ava tarkvara haldamine, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTarkvara haldamine (KPackageKit). + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + +Leia paketi alien asukoht ning vali see. Vajuta alumise noole nuppu. See nool muudab värvi. + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + +Kui sinult küsitakse parooli, siis sisesta see ja vajuta OK. + + + +Kui paigaldamine on lõpetanud, sulge Tarkvarahaldur. + + + +Alieni kasutamine + +Ava Konsool, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTerminal (Konsool). + + +Sisesta käsureale sudo alien package_file.rpm ning vajuta Enter klahvi. + + +Rohkema informatsiooni alieni kohta saamiseks sisesta käsureale man +alien. Kui protsess on valmis, vajuta q, et lahkuda. + + + + + +Paigalda lähtekoodist + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Hoidlate haldamine + + +Mis on hoidlad? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Peamine +Piiratud +Universum +Multiversum + +Kategooriate määramiseks on kasutusel kaks faktorit: + + +Toe tase, mida tarkvara arendamise meeskonnad programmile pakuvad. + + +Programmi vastavuse tase on saadaval vaba tarkvara filosoofia lehel + + +Rohkem informatsiooni hoidlate kohta on saadaval Ubuntu veebilehel. +Kubuntu LiveCD standard sisaldab mõnda tarkvara Peamises ja Piiratud kategooriates. Kui süsteemil on informatsiooni nende hoidlate Interneti asukohtadest, siis on paigaldamiseks saadaval palju rohkem programme. Kasutades tarkvarapaketi haldamistööriistu, mis on vaikimisi paigaldatud, on võimalik avastada, paigaldada ning uuendada igat tarkvara osa läbi Interneti ilma LiveCDd kasutamata. + + + +Hoidlate lisamine või eemaldamine + +Lisahoidlate lubamine: + + +Käivita tarkvara haldamine, valides Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemTarkvara haldamine (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + +Selleks, et jätkata, on vajalik administraatori parooli sisestamine. + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + +Hoidla eemaldamiseks vali Tarkvara allikad ning vajuta Eemaldamise nuppu. Kui protsess on lõpuni jõudnud, vajuta Sulgemise nuppu. + + + + + + + +Uuendamine + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + +Kui uuendused on saadaval, siis Kubuntu kuvab teate süsteemisalves. Süsteemi uuendamiseks kliki Ülevaate ja uuenduse nuppu, mis avab KPackageKiti. Kliki Vali kõik uuendused ja seejärel Rakenda. Kubuntu laeb uuendused alla ja paigaldab need. + +Kui Tarkvara haldamine on uuendamise lõpetanud, sulge aken klikkides Okay nuppu. + +Peale uuenduste paigaldamist on vajalik arvuti taaskäivitamine. Selleks kuvabKubuntu teate hüpikaknas ja ikooni süsteemisalves. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/fr/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/fr/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/fr/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/fr/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,920 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestion des applications avec <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document décrit la gestion et la mise à jour des applications avec Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduction + + +There are several ways to manage applications in Kubuntu. A convenient way to +add or remove applications is with a package manager. The +following package managers are described in this document: + + +Clients en mode graphique + +KPackageKit + + +An advanced program with a graphical user interface (GUI) for +installing and removing applications. KPackageKit can +be started by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Utilitaires en ligne de commande + +APT + + +(Advanced Package Tool) is a complete system for software package management. + + + + + +Aptitude + + +A text-based, high-level interface to apt. + + + + + +It is possible to increase the number of programs that can be installed with +package managers. The default installation does not include all the programs +that can be used with Kubuntu. System functionality can be enhanced by +including more applications and newer software. This document describes how to +add software repositories. + + +The software that comprises Kubuntu is being improved continuously. With an +Internet connection and Kubuntu software updating, the latest improvements and +security fixes can be applied to a system easily. This document explains how to +perform update. + + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Software Management (KPackageKit) is a +graphical tool for installing new software on a Kubuntu system. Software +Management also provides tools for managing software and software repositories. +Installing and removing software is password-protected to help prevent errors +and potentially dangerous actions that would affect system operation. + + + +Install new software with the following steps: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application with the search box and filters at the top of the +window. + + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + + +KPackageKit provides an easy method to remove the software that is no longer +needed. To remove an application: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application in the search box, and then click on the X in the +"Action" column next to the software title. + + + + + +Click Apply and KPackageKit will remove the application. + + + + + + + +APT + + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) is a +powerful package management system, which is the basis for the graphical +Software Management application. +APT automatically handles dependencies and performs +other package operations that are required for package installation. + + + +Running APT requires administrative privileges. +Entering commands with "sudo" generates a password prompt. Several of the +commands below will not run without sudo. + + + +Common commands used with APT are: + + + + +Install packages: +sudo apt-get install packagename + + + + +Remove packages: +sudo apt-get remove packagename + + + + +Remove package dependencies that are no longer needed: +sudo apt-get autoremove + + + + +Search for packages: +apt-cache search keyword + + + + +Retrieve the current lists of available packages: +sudo apt-get update + + + + +Install the latest available updates for the applications currently installed: +sudo apt-get upgrade + + + + +List further commands and options: +apt-get help + + + + + +For further information about the use of APT, read +the comprehensive Debian APT User Manual. + + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Manual Installation + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Install/Uninstall .deb files + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Convert .rpm files to .deb files + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Installing Alien + + +Open Software Management by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + + +If prompted, enter the proper password and press OK. + + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Using alien + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Install from Source + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Managing Repositories + + +What are Repositories? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + + +Two factors are used to determine categories: + + + + +The level of support that software development teams provide for a program + + + + +The level of compliance the program has to the Free Software Philosophy + + + + +More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu website. + + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Adding or Removing Repositories + +To enable extra repositories: + + +Start Software Management by choosing Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + + +An administrative password is required in order to proceed. + + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + + +To remove a repository, select it in Software Sources, and +press the Remove button. When the process is +complete, press the Close button. + + + + + + + + +Updating + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + + +When updates become available, Kubuntu will display a message in the System +Tray. To update the system, click the Review and Update +button, which will open KPackageKit. Click Select All +Updates and then Apply. Kubuntu will +download and install the updates. + + + +When Software Management has finished updating, +close the window by clicking the Okay button. + + +After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the +computer. If so, Kubuntu will display a pop-up and an icon in the System +Tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/it/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/it/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/it/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/it/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,695 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestione del software <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento tratta della gestione e l'aggiornamento del software in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduzione + +Esistono diversi modi per gestire le applicazioni in Kubuntu. Un sistema vantaggioso per aggiungere o rimuovere le applicazioni è l'uso di un gestore di pacchetti. In questo documento sono descritti i seguenti gestori di pacchetti: + +Programmi grafici + +KPackageKit + +Programma avanzato a interfaccia grafica (GUI) per l'installazione e la rimozione di applicazioni. KPackageKit può essere avviato da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione Software (KPackageKit). + + + + +Utilità da riga di comando + +APT + +(Advanced Package Tool) è un sistema completo per la gestione dei pacchetti software. + + + + +Aptitude + +Un'interfaccia di tipo testuale, di alto livello, per apt. + + + +È possibile incrementare il numero di programmi installabili con i gestori dei pacchetti. L'installazione predefinita non include tutti i programmi utilizzabili in Kubuntu. La funzionalità del sistema può essere aumentata includendo più applicazioni e nuovo software. Questo documento descrive come aggiungere depositi software. +Il software incluso in Kubuntu è in continua approvazione. Tramite una connessione Internet e gli aggiornamenti software di Kubuntu, i miglioramenti e le correzioni errori più recenti possono essere applicati facilmente al sistema. Questo documento spiega come eseguire gli aggiornamenti. + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Gestione software (KPackageKit) è uno strumento grafico per installare nuovo software in un sistema Kubuntu. Gestione software fornisce anche strumenti per la gestione dei programmi e dei depositi. L'installazione e la rimozione del software è protetta da password per prevenire errori e azioni potenzialmente pericolose che possono colpire l'operatività del sistema. + +Installate il nuovo software con i seguenti passaggi: + + +Avviate KpackageKit da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione software (KPackageKit). + + + +Cercate l'applicazione tramite la casella di ricerca e i filtri nella parte superiore della finestra. + + + +L'applicazione presenta un grande spazio bianco sotto l'area di ricerca. Fate clic sul simbolo a forma di freccia affianco al software da installare. La freccia si colorerà. Fate clic su Applica per avviare il processo di installazione. + + + +KpackageKit potrebbe fornire informazioni sulle dipendenze richieste. Confermate le informazioni e inizierà la procedura di scaricamento dei pacchetti richiesti. Quando il processo di installazione è completato, il software sarà pronto da usare. In rari casi di installazione o aggiornamento di software potrà essere necessario un riavvio del sistema. + + +KPackageKit fornisce un metodo semplice per rimuovere il software non più necessario. Per rimuovere un'applicazione: + + +Avviate KpackageKit da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione software (KPackageKit). + + + +Cercate l'applicazione nella casella di ricerca, poi fate clic sulla X nella colonna «Azione» accanto al titolo del pacchetto. + + + +Fate clic su Applica, KPackageKit rimuoverà l'applicazione. + + + + + + +APT + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) è un potente sistema di gestione dei pacchetti, ed è la base per l'applicazione grafica Gestione software. APT gestisce in modo automatico le dipendenze ed esegue altre operazioni richieste per l'installazione dei pacchetti. + +L'avvio di APT richiede privilegi di amministrazione. La digitazione di comandi con «sudo» genera la richiesta della password. Alcuni dei comandi indicati qui sotto non funzioneranno senza sudo. + +I comuni comandi usati con l'applicazione APT sono: + + +Installare pacchetti: sudo apt-get install nomepacchetto + + +Rimuovere pacchetti: sudo apt-get remove nomepacchetto + + +Rimuovere dipendenze di pacchetti non più necessarie: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Cercare pacchetti: apt-cache search parolachiave + + +Recuperare gli elenchi correnti dei pacchetti disponibili: sudo apt-get update + + +Installare gli ultimi aggiornamenti disponibili per le applicazioni attualmente installate: sudo apt-get upgrade + + +Elencare comandi e opzioni aggiuntive: apt-get help + + + +Per maggiori informazioni riguardo APT, consultare l'APT HOWTO. + + + + + + +Aptitude + +Aptitude è un frontend a riga di comando per APT. Aptitude permette la selezione interattiva dei pacchetti per la loro rimozione, aggiornamento e installazione. Aptitude è un sistema avanzato di gestione dei pacchetti, con più controllo e capacità di APT, in quanto strumento a riga di comando. + + + + +Installazione manuale + +Sebbene il metodo preferito di installazione dei programmi sia il gestore di pacchetti descritto in , possono essere scaricati e installati individuali singoli pacchetti di software. Sono disponibili per Linux vari tipi di file di pacchetti. In generale, questi tipi di file sono associati ai gestori di pacchetti delle specifiche distribuzioni Linux. + +Per installare un'applicazione specifica è preferibile selezionare un pacchetto Kubuntu dell'applicazione e installarlo col gestore dei pacchetti. Ciò assicura la compatibilità del programma con l'altro software presente nel sistema. Se non ne esiste una versione disponibile tramite il gestore, è possibile installare il pacchetto manualmente. La procedura di installazione dipende dal tipo di file del pacchetto. + + +Installare/rimuovere file .deb + +I file di pacchetto associati con Kubuntu hanno il suffisso .deb, dato che Kubuntu è in stretta relazione con la distribuzione GNU/Linux Debian. Singoli file .deb possono essere scaricati e installati, e richiedono sempre privilegi amministrativi. +Per installare un file .deb, basta farvi sopra clic col tasto sinistro pere avviare il processo di installazione. Apparirà una richiesta di password associata ai necessari privilegi amministrativi. + + + +Convertire file .rpm in file .deb + +I file del gestore dei pacchetti Red Hat hanno il suffisso .rpm. Non è consigliato installare questi pacchetti in un sistema Kubuntu poiché, nella maggior parte dei casi, esiste una versione .deb nativa del pacchetto per Kubuntu. Tuttavia, se fosse necessario, un file .rpm può essere convertito in un pacchetto .deb tramite un programma chiamato alien. + +Installare Alien + +Aprire Gestione software da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione software (KPackageKit). + + +Digitare alien nella casella di ricerca nella parte superiore della finestra. + + +Individuate il pacchetto chiamato alien e selezionatelo. Premete la freccia rivolta in basso. La freccia cambierà colore. + + + +Premete il pulsante Applica, poi quello Installa ora della schermata seguente. Potrebbe essere richiesta l'installazione di pacchetti aggiuntivi come dipendenze. In tale caso, fate clic su OK. + + + +Se richiesta, digitate la password appropriata e premete OK. + + + +Una volta completata l'installazione, chiudete Gestione software. + + + +Usare Alien + +Aprire Konsole da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaTerminale (Konsole). + + +Al prompt, digitate sudo alien package_file.rpm, poi premete il tasto Invio. + + +Per ulteriori informazioni su alien, digitate man +alien nella riga di comando. Una volta terminato, premete q per uscire. + + + + + +Installare da sorgente + +I file con suffisso .tar.gz o .tar.bz2 sono pacchetti di file conosciuti come tarball o pacchetti sorgente, ampiamente utilizzati in Linux. Se nei depositi non esiste un pacchetto nativo disponibile per Kubuntu, potrebbe essere possibile compilare e installare il pacchetto da sorgente. Per suggerimenti sulla compilazione di software, controllate la pagina Installare software da sorgenti nel wiki di Ubuntu. + + + + + +Gestire i depositi + + +Cosa sono i depositi? + +Migliaia di programmi sono disponibili gratuitamente per l'installazione in Kubuntu. Questi programmi sono conservati in archivi software (depositi) e vengono resi disponibili per l'installazione da Internet. Installare nuovi programmi in Kubuntu è dunque semplice. Ed è anche sicuro, dato che ciascun programma è costruito specificamente per Kubuntu e completamente verificato, prima dell'installazione. I depositi Kubuntu sono suddivisi in quattro gruppi: + + +Principale +Ristretto +Universe +Multiverse + +Vengono utilizzati due fattori per determinare le categorie: + + +Il livello di assistenza che i gruppi di sviluppo software forniscono al programma + + +Il livello di conformità del programma alla filosofia del Software libero + + +Ulteriori informazioni sui Depositi sono disponibili nel Sito web di Ubuntu. +Il LiveCD standard di Kubuntu contiene software proveniente dalle categorie Main e Restricted. Una volta che il sistema riceve informazioni sulla posizione in Internet di questi depositi, altri programmi sono resi disponibili per l'installazione. Con l'uso degli strumenti normalmente installati di gestione dei pacchetti, è possibile scoprire, installare e aggiornare qualsiasi parte di software direttamente da Internet, senza aver bisogno del LiveCD. + + + +Aggiungere e rimuovere depositi + +Per abilitare depositi aggiuntivi: + + +Avviare Gestione software da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione software (KPackageKit). + + +Selezionate ImpostazioniModifica le fonti software nella finestra del gestore dei pacchetti di Gestione software. + + +Per procedere viene richiesta una password. + + + +Selezionate, poi, la scheda Altro software. I depositi esistenti possono essere abilitati o disabilitati spuntando le relative caselle nella sezione in alto. Per aggiungere un nuovo deposito, fate clic sul pulsante Aggiungi. + + + +Digitate l'indirizzo del deposito. È richiesto il formato corretto, che assomiglierà a questo: deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + +Dopo aver aggiunto un deposito, apparirà una finestra che aggiornerà l'elenco dei pacchetti. Ciò permetterà a KPackageKit di individuare nuovo software disponibile. + + + +Per rimuovere un deposito, selezionatelo in Fonti software, poi premete il pulsante Rimuovi. Quando il processo è completato, premete il pulsante Chiudi. + + + + + + + +Aggiornamento + +Gli sviluppatori di Kubuntu rilasciano aggiornamenti migliorativi e di sicurezza per le applicazioni e i pacchetti all'interno del sistema di Kubuntu. + +Quando si rendono disponibili aggiornamenti, Kubuntu visualizzerà un messaggio nel vassoio di sistema. Per aggiornare il sistema, premete il pulsante Ricontrolla e aggiorna per aprire KPackageKit, fate clic su Seleziona tutti gli aggiornamenti, poi su Applica. Kubuntu scaricherà e installerà gli aggiornamenti. + +Dopo che Gestione software ha terminato l'aggiornamento, chiudete la finestra premendo il pulsante OK. + +Dopo l'installazione di certi aggiornamenti potrebbe essere necessario riavviare il computer. In questo caso Kubuntu visualizzerà un messaggio e un'icona nel vassoio di sistema. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/ja/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/ja/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/ja/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/ja/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,922 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Software Management In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document describes managing and updating software in Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Introduction + + +There are several ways to manage applications in Kubuntu. A convenient way to +add or remove applications is with a package manager. The +following package managers are described in this document: + + +Graphical Clients + +KPackageKit + + +An advanced program with a graphical user interface (GUI) for +installing and removing applications. KPackageKit can +be started by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Command Line Utilities + +APT + + +(Advanced Package Tool) is a complete system for software package management. + + + + + +Aptitude + + +A text-based, high-level interface to apt. + + + + + +It is possible to increase the number of programs that can be installed with +package managers. The default installation does not include all the programs +that can be used with Kubuntu. System functionality can be enhanced by +including more applications and newer software. This document describes how to +add software repositories. + + +The software that comprises Kubuntu is being improved continuously. With an +Internet connection and Kubuntu software updating, the latest improvements and +security fixes can be applied to a system easily. This document explains how to +perform update. + + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Software Management (KPackageKit) is a +graphical tool for installing new software on a Kubuntu system. Software +Management also provides tools for managing software and software repositories. +Installing and removing software is password-protected to help prevent errors +and potentially dangerous actions that would affect system operation. + + + +Install new software with the following steps: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application with the search box and filters at the top of the +window. + + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + + +KPackageKit provides an easy method to remove the software that is no longer +needed. To remove an application: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application in the search box, and then click on the X in the +"Action" column next to the software title. + + + + + +Click Apply and KPackageKit will remove the application. + + + + + + + +APT + + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) is a +powerful package management system, which is the basis for the graphical +Software Management application. +APT automatically handles dependencies and performs +other package operations that are required for package installation. + + + +Running APT requires administrative privileges. +Entering commands with "sudo" generates a password prompt. Several of the +commands below will not run without sudo. + + + +Common commands used with APT are: + + + + +Install packages: +sudo apt-get install packagename + + + + +Remove packages: +sudo apt-get remove packagename + + + + +Remove package dependencies that are no longer needed: +sudo apt-get autoremove + + + + +Search for packages: +apt-cache search keyword + + + + +Retrieve the current lists of available packages: +sudo apt-get update + + + + +Install the latest available updates for the applications currently installed: +sudo apt-get upgrade + + + + +List further commands and options: +apt-get help + + + + + +For further information about the use of APT, read +the comprehensive Debian APT User Manual. + + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Manual Installation + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Install/Uninstall .deb files + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Convert .rpm files to .deb files + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Installing Alien + + +Open Software Management by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + + +If prompted, enter the proper password and press OK. + + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Using alien + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Install from Source + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Managing Repositories + + +What are Repositories? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + + +Two factors are used to determine categories: + + + + +The level of support that software development teams provide for a program + + + + +The level of compliance the program has to the Free Software Philosophy + + + + +More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu website. + + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Adding or Removing Repositories + +To enable extra repositories: + + +Start Software Management by choosing Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + + +An administrative password is required in order to proceed. + + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + + +To remove a repository, select it in Software Sources, and +press the Remove button. When the process is +complete, press the Close button. + + + + + + + + +Updating + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + + +When updates become available, Kubuntu will display a message in the System +Tray. To update the system, click the Review and Update +button, which will open KPackageKit. Click Select All +Updates and then Apply. Kubuntu will +download and install the updates. + + + +When Software Management has finished updating, +close the window by clicking the Okay button. + + +After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the +computer. If so, Kubuntu will display a pop-up and an icon in the System +Tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/km/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/km/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/km/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/km/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,695 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពី​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង និង​ការ​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​កម្មវិធី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ + +មាន​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​បីបួន​យ៉ាង​ សម្រាប់​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ដែល​ស្រួល​ជាង​គេ គឺ​ត្រូវ​បន្ថែម ឬ​យក​ចេញ​នូវ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​នៅ​ជា​មួយ​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់ ។ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ពិពណ៌នា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារ​នេះ ៖ + +កម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក + +KPackageKit + +កម្មវិធី​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ដែល​មាន​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បែប​ក្រាហ្វិក​ (GUI) សម្រាប់​ដំឡើង និង​យក​កម្មវិធី​ចេញ ។ អាច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​KPackageKit ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) ។ + + + + +ឧបករណ៍​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា + +APT + +(កម្មវិធី​​កញ្ចប់​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​) គឺ​ជាប្រព័ន្ធ​ទាំង​មូល​ សម្រាប់​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​កម្មវិធី ។ + + + + +Aptitude + +ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ដែល​មាន​មួលដ្ឋាន​លើ​អត្ថបទ​សម្រាប់​ apt ។ + + + +អាច​បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​មួយ​ចំនួន​ដែល​នឹង​​​ត្រូវ​ដំឡើងជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់ ។ ការដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​មិន​រួម​បញ្ចូល​កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​អស់​ ដែល​នឹង​​​ត្រូវ​​​ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ​​​ គូប៊ុន​ទូ ។ អាច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មុខងារ​របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ប្រសើរ​ឡើង ដោយ​ការរួម​បញ្ចូល​កម្មវិធី​ថ្មី​ៗ​ជា​ច្រើន ។ ឯកសារ​នេះ​នឹង​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពីរបៀប​បន្ថែម​ឃ្លាំង​កម្មវិធី ។ +កម្មវិធី​ដែល​មាន​ គូប៊ុនទូ កំពុង​តែ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ប្រសើរ​ឡើង​ជា​ប្រចាំ ។ ជា​មួយ​ការតភ្ជាប់​អ៊ីនធឺណិត និងការ​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​កម្មវិធី​គូប៊ុនទូ ការជួស​ជុល​សុវត្ថិភាព និង​ការធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​កាន់​តែ​ប្រសើរ​ឡើង​ក្នុង​ពេល​ថ្មី​ៗ​នេះ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​អនុវត្ត​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​យ៉ាង​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ ។ ឯកសារ​នេះ​ពន្យល់​អំពី​របៀប​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព ។ + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី​ (KPackageKit) ជា​ឧបករណ៍​ក្រាហ្វិក​ សម្រាប់​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ថ្មី​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​គូប៊ុនទូ ។ ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី​ក៏​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ឧបករណ៍​សម្រាប់​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី និង​ឃ្លាំង​កម្មវិធី ។ ការដំឡើង​ និង​ការយក​កម្មវិធី​ចេញ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ការពារ​ដោយ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ដើម្បី​ជួយ​រារាំង​នូវ​សកម្មភាព​ដែល​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​កំហុស ឬ​ខូច​ខាត​ ដែល​អាច​នឹង​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ប៉ះពាល់​ដល់​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​របស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + +ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ថ្មី​ ដោយ​អនុវត្ត​តាម​ជំហាន​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KpackageKit ជា​មួយ​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) ។ + + + +ស្វែង​រក​កម្មវិធី​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ប្រអប់​ស្វែង​រក​ និង​តម្រង​នៅ​ខាង​លើ​បង្អួច ។ + + + +កម្មវិធី​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទៃ​ទំនេរខាង​ក្រោម​តំបន់​ស្វែង​រក ។ ចុច​លើ​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា​ ព្រួញ​ចុះ​ក្រោម​ នៅ​ក្បែរ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ដំឡើង ។ ព្រួញ​នឹង​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរពណ៌ ។ ចុច​ អនុវត្ត ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដំឡើង ។ + + + +KpackageKit អាច​នឹង​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ភាព​អាស្រ័យ​ដែល​ទាម​ទារ​ ។ ការទទួល​ស្គាល់ព័ត៌មាន​នេះ និង​កញ្ចប់​ដែល​ទាម​ទារនឹង​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ការទាញ​យក ។ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដំឡើង​ហើយ អាច​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​បាន ។ កម្រ​មាន​ការ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឡើង​វិញ​ណាស់ បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ដំឡើង ឬ​ធ្វើបច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​កម្មវិធី​រួច ។ + + +KPackageKit ផ្តល់​នូវ​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ ដើម្បី​យក​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​​លែង​​ត្រូវ​ការ​ចេញ ។ ដើម្បី​យក​កម្មវិធី​ចេញ ៖ + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ KpackageKit ជា​មួយ​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) ។ + + + +ស្វែង​រក​កម្មវិធី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ស្វែង​រក រួច​ចុច​លើ​ X នៅ​ក្នុង​ជួរ​ឈរ​ "សកម្មភាព​" ក្បែរ​ចំណង​ជើង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + + +ចុច​ អនុវត្ត​ ហើយ​ KPackageKit នឹង​យក​កម្មវិធី​ចេញ ។ + + + + + + +APT + +APT (កម្មវិធី​ខ្ចប់​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​) ជា​ប្រព័ន្ធ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ដ៏​មាន​អានុភាព ដែល​ជា​មូលដ្ឋាន​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី បែប​ក្រាហ្វិក​ ។ APT នឹង​ដោះ​ស្រាយ​ភាព​អាស្រ័យ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ ព្រម​ទាំង​​បំពេញ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​កញ្ចប់​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ទាម​ទារ​សម្រាប់​ការដំឡើងកញ្ចប់ ។ + +ការដំណើរ​ការ​ APT នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​សិទ្ធិ​គ្រប់​គ្រង ។ ការ​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ "sudo" នឹង​បង្កើត​នូវ​ការស្នើសុំ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​មួយ​ចំនួន​ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​នឹង​មិន​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដោយ​គ្មាន​ sudo ទេ ។ + +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ទូទៅ​ដែល​ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ​ APT គឺ ៖ + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ ៖ sudo apt-get install packagename + + +យក​កញ្ចប់​ចេញ ៖ sudo apt-get remove packagename + + +យក​ភាព​អាស្រ័យ​របស់​កញ្ចប់​ដែល​លែងត្រូវ​ការចេញ ៖ sudo apt-get autoremove + + +ស្វែង​រក​កញ្ចប់ ៖ apt-cache search keyword + + +ទៅ​យក​បញ្ជី​របស់​កញ្ចប់​ដែល​អាច​មាន​បច្ចុប្បន្ន ៖ sudo apt-get update + + +ដំឡើង​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​ដែល​អាច​មាន​ថ្មីៗសម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ទើប​តែ​បាន​ដំឡើង ៖ sudo apt-get upgrade + + +រាយ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា និង​ជម្រើស​បន្ថែម ៖ apt-get help + + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ APT សូម​អាន​ សៀវភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ Debian APT ។ + + + + + + +Aptitude + +Aptitude គឺ​ជា​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ផ្នែក​ខាង​មុខ​សម្រាប់​ APT ។ Aptitude អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ជ្រើស​កញ្ចប់​អន្ត​រសកម្ម​ ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព ឬ​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់ ។ Aptitude គឺ​ជា​ប្រព័ន្ធ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ ដែល​មាន​សមត្ថភាព និង​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ច្រើន​ជាង​ APT ដែល​ជា​កម្មវិធី​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ + + + + +ការដំឡើង​ដោយ​ដៃ + +ទោះ​បី​ជា​យ៉ាង​ណា​ ក៏មាន​វិធី​សាស្ត្រ​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ដែរ គឺ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ដូច​ដែល​បាន​រៀប​រាប់​នៅ​ក្នុង​ អាច​ទាញ​យក​ និង​ដំឡើង​ឯកសារ​​​កញ្ចប់​កម្មវិធី​នីមួយ​ៗ​បាន ។ អាច​មាន​ឯកសារ​កញ្ចប់​បី​បួន​ប្រភេទ​ សម្រាប់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​លីនុច ។ ជា​ទូទៅ ឯកសារ​ទាំងនេះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ សម្រាប់​ការចែក​ចាយ​លីនុច​ជាក់​លាក់ ។ + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ពិសេស​ណា​មួយ​ អាច​ជ្រើស​រើស​កញ្ចប់​កម្មវិធី គូប៊ុនទូ និង​ដំឡើង​វា​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ ។ វានឹង​​ធានា​បាន​ថា កម្មវិធី​ឆប​គ្នា​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ បើ​គ្មាន​កំណែ​កញ្ចប់​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​តាម​រយៈ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ទេ អាច​ដំឡើង​វា​ដោយ​ដៃ​បាន ។ បែប​បទ​ដំឡើង​អាស្រ័យ​ទៅ​លើ​ប្រភេទ​ឯកសារ​កញ្ចប់ ។ + + +ដំឡើង​/លុប​ឯកសារ .deb + +ឯកសារ​កញ្ចប់​ដែល​ភ្ជាប់​​ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ មាន​បច្ច័យ​ .deb ដោយ​សារ​តែ គូប៊ុនទូ​មាន​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជិត​ស្និទ្ធិ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការ​ចែក​ចាយ​ Debian GNU/លីនុច ។ អាច​ទាញ​យក​ និង​ដំឡើង​ឯកសារ​ .deb នីមួយ​ៗ​បាន ។ ទាម​ទារ​សិទ្ធិ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ដូច្នេះ​បាន ។ +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ឯកសារ​ .deb ចុច​ កណ្តុរ​ឆ្វេង​ តាម​ធម្មតា​លើ​ឯកសារ​ .deb ​ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដំឡើង ។ ប្រអប់​នឹងបង្ហាញ​ឡើង​ ដើម្បី​ស្នើ​សុំ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​សិទ្ធិ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែល​ចាំ​បាច់ ។ + + + +បម្លែង​ឯកសារ​ .rpm ទៅ​ជា​ឯកសារ​ .deb + +ឯកសារ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ Red Hat មាន​បច្ច័យ​ .rpm ។ វា​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ណែ​នាំ​ឲ្យ​ដំឡើង​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​នេះ​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ទេ ។ ក្នុង​ករណី​ភាគ​ច្រើន អាច​មាន​កំណែ​ .debគូប៊ុនទូ ដើម ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា បើ​សិន​ចាំបាច់ អាច​បម្លែង​ឯកសារ .rpm ទៅ​ជា​កញ្ចប់​ .deb ដោយ​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ហៅ​ថា alien ។ + +ការដំឡើង​ Alien + +បើក​ ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) ។ + + +វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ alien នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ ស្វែង​រក​ ក្បែរ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ​របស់​បង្អួច ។ + + +រក​ទីតាំង​កញ្ចប់​ដែល​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ថា alien រួច​ជ្រើស​វា ។ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ព្រួញ​ចុះ​ក្រោម​ ។ ព្រួញ​នឹង​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ពណ៌ ។ + + + +ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ អនុវត្ត​ និង​ប៊ូតុង​ ដំឡើង​ឥឡូវ នៅ​លើ​អេក្រង់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ។ អាច​នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​បន្ថែម​ជា​ភាព​អាស្រ័យ ។ បើ​ដូច្នេះ​មែន ចុច​ យល់​ព្រម ។ + + + +បើ​សិន​ទាម​ទារ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ រួច​ចុច​ យល់​ព្រម​ ។ + + + +នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ការដំឡើង​ហើយ បិទ​ ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + + +ការ​ប្រើ​ alien + +បើក​ កុងសូល​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ស្ថានីយ (កុងសូល​) ។ + + +នៅ​ក្នុង​​ប្រអប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា វាយ​ sudo alien package_file.rpm រួច​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល ។ + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ alien វាយ​ man +alien នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់ ចុច​ q ដើម្បី​ចាក​ចេញ ។ + + + + + +ដំឡើង​ពី​ប្រភព + +ឯកសារ​ដែល​មាន​បច្ច័យ​ .tar.gz ឬ​ .tar.bz2 គឺ​ជា​ឯកសារ​កញ្ចប់​ ដែល​ស្គាល់​ថា​ជា​កញ្ចប់​ tarballs ឬ​ ប្រភព​ ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ជាទូទៅ​នៅ​ក្នុង​លីនុច ។ បើ​សិន​ជា​មិន​មាន​កញ្ចប់​ គូប៊ុនទូដើម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឃ្លាំង​ណា​មួយ​ទេ អាច​ចង​ក្រង និង​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ពី​ប្រភព​បាន​ ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​កម្មវិធី សូម​មើល​ទំព័រ ចងក្រង​កម្មវិធី តាម​រយៈអ៊ូប៊ុនទូវីគី ។ + + + + + +ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឃ្លាំង + + +តើ​ឃ្លាំង​គឺ​ជា​អ្វី ? + +មាន​កម្មវិធី​រាប់​ពាន់​ដែល​អាច​ដំឡើង​បាន​ដោយ​សេរីនៅ​លើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​នេះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​រក្សាទុក​នៅ​ក្នុងប័ណ្ណសារ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ (ឃ្លាំង​) ហើយ​នឹង​អាច​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​ការ​ដំឡើងតាម​រយៈ​អ៊ីនធឺណិត ។ វា​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យកាន់​តែ​​ងាយ​ស្រួល​សម្រាប់​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ថ្មី​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ វា​ថែម​ទាំងមាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​ទៀត​ផង ដោយ​សារ​តែ​កម្មវិធី​នីមួយ​ៗ​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្កើត​ឡើង​ជា​ពិសេស​សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុនទូ និង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ត្រួតពិនិត្យ​យ៉ាង​ហ្មតចត់ មុន​នឹង​ធ្វើ​ការ​ដំឡើង ។ ឃ្លាំង គូប៊ុនទូ ត្រូវ​បាន​បែង​ចែក​ទៅ​ជា​បួន​ក្រុម ៖ + + +មេ +ដាក់​កម្រិត +សកល +ពហុ​សកល + +មាន​កត្តា​ពីរ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​កំណត់​ប្រភេទ ៖ + + +កម្រិត​គាំ​ទ្រ​ដែល​ក្រុម​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍កម្មវិធី​ផ្តល់​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី + + +កម្រិត​អនុលោម​ទៅ​តាម​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​មានសម្រាប់​ ទស្សនៈ​កម្មវិធី​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​​ឃ្លាំង​អាចមាន​នៅ​លើ​ តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​របស់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ។ +ស៊ីឌី​បន្ត​ផ្ទាល់​ស្តង់ដារ​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ មាន​កម្មវិធី​មួយ​ចំនួន​រាប់​ចាប់​ពី​ប្រភេទ​ មេ​ និង​ ដាក់​កម្រិត​ ។ នៅ​ពេល​ប្រព័ន្ធ​មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ទីតាំង​ដែល​មាន​មូលដ្ឋាន​លើ​អ៊ីនធឺណិត សម្រាប់​ឃ្លាំង​ទាំង​នេះ​ អាច​មាន​កម្មវិធី​ជា​ច្រើន​ទៀត​សម្រាប់​ការ​ដំឡើង ។ ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​កម្មវិធី​ដែលបាន​​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំដើម អាច​នឹងធ្វើ​ការ​រុក​​រក ដំឡើង​ និង​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​កម្មវិធី​ណា​មួយ​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​តាម​រយៈ​អ៊ីនធឺណិត ដោយ​មិន​ចាំ​បាច់​មាន​ស៊ីឌី​បន្ត​ផ្ទាល់​ក៏បាន​ដែរ ។ + + + +ការ​បន្ថែម ឬការយក​ឃ្លាំង​ចេញ + +ដើម្បី​បើក​ឃ្លាំង​បន្ថែម ៖ + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ ការកំណត់​កែ​សម្រួល​ប្រភព​កម្មវិធី នៅ​ក្នុង​បង្អួច​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រងកញ្ចប់​ ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +ទាម​ទារ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​គ្រប់​គ្រង ដើម្បី​បន្ត ។ + + + +បន្ទាប់មក​​ ចុច​លើ​ផ្ទាំង​ កម្មវិធី​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ អាច​បើក ឬ​បិទ​ឃ្លាំង​ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់​ ដោយ​គូស​ធីក​ប្រអប់​ឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​នៅក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ​ ។ ដើម្បីបន្ថែម​ឃ្លាំង​ថ្មី ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ថែម​ ។ + + + +វាយ​បញ្ចូល​អាសយដ្ឋាន​ឃ្លាំង ។ ទាម​ទារ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ និង​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ស្រដៀង​នឹង​មួយ​នេះ​ ៖ deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​បន្ថែម​ឃ្លាំង​ហើយ ប្រអប់​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​បញ្ជី​កញ្ចប់ ។ វា​នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ KPackageKit រក​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​អាច​មាន​ថ្មី​ៗ ។ + + + +ដើម្បី​យក​ឃ្លាំង​ចេញ ជ្រើស​វា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ប្រភព​កម្មវិធី រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យក​ចេញ ។ នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ដំណើរការ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បិទ​ ។ + + + + + + + +ការ​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព + +អ្នក​អភិវឌ្ឍន៍គូប៊ុនទូ នឹង​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​នូវ​​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាពរបស់​​សុវត្ថិភាព និង​លក្ខណពិសេស​ សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​ និង​កញ្ចប់​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + +នៅ​ពេល​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ភាព​អាច​ប្រើបាន គូប៊ុនទូ​ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​សារនៅ​ក្នុង​ថាស​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ពិនិត្យ​មើល និង​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព ដែល​នឹង​បើក​ KPackageKit ។ ចុច​ ជ្រើស​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​ទាំង​អស់​ រួច​ចុច​ អនុវត្ត ។ គូប៊ុនទូ នឹង​ទាញ​យក និង​ដំឡើង​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព ។ + +នៅ​ពេល​ ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី​ បាន​បញ្ចប់​ការ​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព បិទ​បង្អួច ដោយ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង យល់​ព្រម ។ + +ក្រោយ​ពី​បាន​ដំឡើង​បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​មួយ​ចំនួន​រួច​ហើយ ចាំបាច់ត្រូវ​តែ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ឡើងវិញ ។ បើ​ដូច្នេះ​ គូប៊ុនទូ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ប្រអប់​លេច​ឡើង និង​រូប​តំណាង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថាស​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/oc/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/oc/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/oc/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/oc/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,902 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Software Management In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document describes managing and updating software in Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Introduccion + + +There are several ways to manage applications in Kubuntu. A convenient way to +add or remove applications is with a package manager. The +following package managers are described in this document: + + +Clients en mòde grafic + +KPackageKit + + +An advanced program with a graphical user interface (GUI) for +installing and removing applications. KPackageKit can +be started by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Utilitaris en linha de comanda + +APT + + +(Advanced Package Tool) is a complete system for software package management. + + + + + +Aptitude + +Una interfàcia de naut nivèl perapt, en mòde tèxte. + + + + +It is possible to increase the number of programs that can be installed with +package managers. The default installation does not include all the programs +that can be used with Kubuntu. System functionality can be enhanced by +including more applications and newer software. This document describes how to +add software repositories. + + +The software that comprises Kubuntu is being improved continuously. With an +Internet connection and Kubuntu software updating, the latest improvements and +security fixes can be applied to a system easily. This document explains how to +perform update. + + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Software Management (KPackageKit) is a +graphical tool for installing new software on a Kubuntu system. Software +Management also provides tools for managing software and software repositories. +Installing and removing software is password-protected to help prevent errors +and potentially dangerous actions that would affect system operation. + + + +Install new software with the following steps: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application with the search box and filters at the top of the +window. + + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + + +KPackageKit provides an easy method to remove the software that is no longer +needed. To remove an application: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application in the search box, and then click on the X in the +"Action" column next to the software title. + + + + + +Click Apply and KPackageKit will remove the application. + + + + + + + +APT + + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) is a +powerful package management system, which is the basis for the graphical +Software Management application. +APT automatically handles dependencies and performs +other package operations that are required for package installation. + + + +Running APT requires administrative privileges. +Entering commands with "sudo" generates a password prompt. Several of the +commands below will not run without sudo. + + + +Common commands used with APT are: + + + +Installar de paquets : sudo apt-get install nom_del_paquet + + +Suprimir de paquets : sudo apt-get remove nom_del_paquet + + + +Remove package dependencies that are no longer needed: +sudo apt-get autoremove + + + +Cercar de paquets : apt-cache search mot clau + + + +Retrieve the current lists of available packages: +sudo apt-get update + + + + +Install the latest available updates for the applications currently installed: +sudo apt-get upgrade + + + +Far la lista de las comandas e de las opcions suplementàrias : apt-get help + + + + +For further information about the use of APT, read +the comprehensive Debian APT User Manual. + + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Installacion manuala + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Installar/desinstallar de fichièrs .deb + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Convertir de fichièrs .rpm en fichièrs .deb + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Installing Alien + +Dobrissètz lo gestionari de logicials en anant dins l'Aviador d'aplicacionAplicacionsSistèmaGestion dels logicials (KPackageKit). + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + + +If prompted, enter the proper password and press OK. + + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Utilizacion d'Alien + +Dobrissètz Konsole en anant dins l'aviador d'aplicacions KickoffAplicacionsSistèmaTerminal (Konsole). + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Installar a partir del còde font + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Gerir los depauses + + +De qué son los depauses ? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Principal +Restrench +Univèrse +Multivèrse + + +Two factors are used to determine categories: + + + + +The level of support that software development teams provide for a program + + + +Lo nivèl de conformitat d'aqueste programa a la filosofia dels logicials liures + + + +More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu website. + + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Apondre o suprimir de depauses + +Per activar de depauses suplementaris : + + +Dobrissètz lo gestionari de logicials Kpackagekit en anant dins l'Aviador d'aplicacionsAplicacionsSistèmaGestion dels logicials (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + + +An administrative password is required in order to proceed. + + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + + +To remove a repository, select it in Software Sources, and +press the Remove button. When the process is +complete, press the Close button. + + + + + + + + +Mesa a jorn + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + + +When updates become available, Kubuntu will display a message in the System +Tray. To update the system, click the Review and Update +button, which will open KPackageKit. Click Select All +Updates and then Apply. Kubuntu will +download and install the updates. + + + +When Software Management has finished updating, +close the window by clicking the Okay button. + + +After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the +computer. If so, Kubuntu will display a pop-up and an icon in the System +Tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/pt_BR/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/pt_BR/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/pt_BR/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/pt_BR/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,695 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gerenciamento de programas no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento descreve como gerenciar e atualizar programas no Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introdução + +Há varias maneiras de gerenciar aplicativos no Kubuntu. Um modo conveniente de adicionar ou remover aplicativos é com um gerenciador de pacotes. Os seguintes gerenciadores de pacotes são descritos neste documento: + +Clientes Gráficos + +KPackageKit + +Um programa avançado com uma interface gráfica de usuário (GUI) para instalar e remover aplicativos. KPackageKit pode ser iniciado indo no Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaGerenciamento de software (KPackageKit). + + + + +Utilitários de Linha de Comando + +APT + +(Advanced Package Tool) é um sistema completo para gerenciamento de pacotes de software. + + + + +Aptitude + +Uma interface em alto-nível, baseada em texto, para o apt. + + + +É possível aumentar o número de programas que podem ser instalados com os gerenciadores de pacotes. A instalação padrão não inclui todos os programas que podem ser usados no Kubuntu. A funcionalidade do sistema pode ser melhorada incluindo mais aplicativos e programas mais recentes. Este documento descreve como adicionar repositórios de programas. +O software que compreende o Kubuntu está sendo melhorado continuamente. Com uma conexão à internet e as atualizações de programas do Kubuntu, as últimas melhorias e correções de segurança podem ser aplicadas a um sistema facilmente. Este documento explica como fazer atualizações. + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Gerenciamento de software (KPackageKit) é uma ferramenta gráfica para instalar novos programas em um sistema Kubuntu. Gerenciamento de software também oferece ferramentas para gerenciar programas e repositórios de programas. Instalar e remover programas é protegido por senha para ajudar a prevenir erros e ações potencialmente perigosas que podem afetar as ações do sistema. + +Instalar novos programas com os seguintes passos: + + +Inicie KPackageKit indo no Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaGerenciamento de software (KPackageKit). + + + +Procure pela aplicação com a caixa de pesquisa e filtros no topo da janela. + + + +O programa irá aparecer no grande espaço em branco abaixo da área de pesquisa. Clique no símbolo da flecha para baixo perto do programa a ser instalado. A flecha irá mudar de cor. Clique em Aplicar para começar o processo de instalação. + + + +KPackageKit pode dar informações sobre dependências necessárias. Confirme estas informações, e os pacotes necessários irão começar a ser baixados. Quando a instalação estiver completa, o programa estará pronto para ser usado. Raramente é necessário reinstalar o sistema após a instalação ou atualização de um programa. + + +KPackageKit providencia um método fácil de remover programas que não são mais necessários. Para remover um programa: + + +Inicie KPackageKit indo no Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaGerenciamento de software (KPackageKit). + + + +Procure pelo programa na caixa de pesquisa, e então clique no X na coluna "Ação" perto do título do programa. + + + +Clique Apply e o PackageKit irá remover o aplicativo. + + + + + + +APT + +APT (ferramenta avançada de pacotes) é um poderoso sistema de gerenciamento de pacotes, que é a base para o aplicativo gráfico Gerenciamento de Programas.APT pega automaticamente as dependências e executa outras operações necessárias para a instalação dos pacotes. + +Usar APT requer privilégios administrativos. Começar comandos com "sudo" gera uma solicitação de senha. Vários dos comandos abaixo não irão ser executados sem sudo. + +Comandos comuns usados com APT são: + + +Instalar pacotes: sudo apt-get install nome-do-pacote + + +Remover pacotes: sudo apt-get remove nome-do-pacote + + +Remover dependências de pacotes que não são mais necessárias: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Procurar por pacotes: apt-cache search palavra-chave + + +Obter as listas atuais de pacotes disponíveis: sudo apt-get update + + +Instalar as últimas atualizações disponíveis para os programas atualmente instalados: sudo apt-get upgrade + + +Listar comandos e opções adicionais: apt-get help + + + +Para mais informação sobre a utilização do APT, leia o Manual do Usuário do Debian APT. + + + + + + +Aptitude + +Aptitude é um front-end na linha de comando para o APT. Aptitude permite seleção interativa de pacotes para remover, atualizar ou instalar pacotes. Aptitude é um sistema avançado de gerenciamento de pacotes, com mais controle e capacidade do que o APT como uma ferramenta da linha de comando. + + + + +Instalação Manual + +Apesar do método preferível de instalar programas seja com o gerenciador de pacotes descrito em , arquivos individuais de pacotes do programa podem ser baixados e instalados. Vários tipos de arquivos de pacotes estão disponíveis para sistemas Linux. Geralmente, esses tipos de arquivos estão associados com o gerenciador de pacotes da distribuição Linux específica. + +Para instalar um programa em particular, é preferível selecionar um pacote para o Kubuntu do programa, e o instalar com um gerenciador de pacotes. Isto garante que o programa é compatível com os outros programas no sistema. Se não há um pacote disponível através do gerenciador de pacotes, pode ser possível instalar manualmente. O procedimento da instalação depende do tipo do arquivo de pacote. + + +Instalar/Desinstalar arquivos deb + +Os arquivos de pacotes associados com o Kubuntu possuem a extensão .deb por causa da relação próxima do Kubuntu com a distribuição Debian GNU/Linux. Arquivos .deb individuais podem ser baixados e instalados. Privilégios administrativos são necessários para fazer isto. +Para instalar um arquivo .deb, simplesmente clique com o botão esquerdo no arquivo .deb para iniciar o processo de instalação. Uma solicitação da senha associada com o privilégio administrativo necessário irá aparecer. + + + +Converter arquivo .rpm em arquivos .deb + +Arquivos do gerenciador de pacotes do Red Hat possuem o sufixo .rpm. Não é recomendável que eles sejam instalados em um sistema Kubuntu. Em quase todos os casos, uma versão .deb nativa do Kubuntu está disponível. Entretanto, se necessário, um arquivo .rpm pode ser convertido para um pacote .deb usando um programa chamado alien. + +Instalando Alien + +Abra o Gerenciamento de Software indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaGerenciamento de Software (KPackageKit). + + +Digite alien na caixa de Pesquisa perto do topo da janela. + + +Procure pelo pacote de nome alien e o selecione. Pressione o botão da flecha para baixo. A flecha irá mudar de cor. + + + +Pressione o botão Aplicar, e o botão Instalar agora na tela seguinte. Pode haver pacotes adicionais necessários para serem instalados como dependências. Se for o caso, clique OK. + + + +Se solicitada, digite a senha apropriada e pressione OK. + + + +Quando a instalação estiver completa, feche o Gerenciamento de software. + + + +Usando o alien + +Abra o Konsole indo para o Lançados de aplicações KickoffAplicaçõesSistemaTerminal (Konsole). + + +Na linha de comando, digite sudo alien package_file.rpm e pressione a tecla Enter. + + +Para mais informações sobre o alien, digite man +alien na linha de comando. Quando finalizar, pressione a tecla q para sair. + + + + + +Instalar do código fonte + +Arquivos com o sufixo .tar.gz ou .tar.bz2 são arquivos de pacote conhecidos como tarballs ou fonte, pacotes que são muito usados no Linux. Se não há nenhum pacote nativo do Kubuntu disponível nos repositórios, pode ser possível compilar e instalar o pacote da fonte. Para dicas sobre compilar programas, veja a página Compilando programas na wiki do Ubuntu. + + + + + +Gerenciando Repositórios + + +O que são Repositórios? + +Milhares de programas estão disponíveis gratuitamente para instalação no Kubuntu. Esses programas são guardados em arquivos de programas (repositórios) e são disponibilizados para instalação via internet. Isso torna fácil instalar novos programas no Kubuntu. Isso também é seguro, porque cada programa é construído especificamente para o Kubuntu e é verificado profundamente antes de ser instalado. Os repositórios do Kubuntu são categorizados em quatro grupos: + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + +Dois fatores são usados para determinar categorias: + + +O nível de suporte que os times de desenvolvimento de programas oferecem para um programa + + +O nível de concordância que um programa tem com a Filosofia de Software Livre. + + +Mais informações sobre os repositórios estão disponíveis no site do Ubuntu. +O LiveCD padrão do Kubuntu contém softwares dos repositórios Main e Restricted. Uma vez que o sistema tem informações sobre a localização desses repositórios, mais programas ficam disponíveis para instalação. Utilizando o software de gerenciamento de pacotes instalados por padrão, é possível descobrir, instalar e atualizar qualquer parte de software diretamente pela internet sem a necessidade de um LiveCD. + + + +Adionando e Removendo Repositórios + +Habilitando repositórios extras: + + +Inicie o Gerenciamento de Software escolhendo o Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaGerenciamento de Software (KPackageKit). + + +Selecione ConfiguraçõesEditar fontes do software na janela do gerenciador de pacotes Gerenciamento de software. + + +Uma senha administrativa é necessária para proceder. + + + +Próximo, clique na aba Outro software. Repositórios existentes podem ser habilitados ou desabilitados marcando as caixas apropriadas na seção acima. Para adicionar um repositório, clique no botão Adicionar + + + +Digite o endereço do repositório. O formato correto é necessário, e é similar a esse: deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + +Depois de adicionar o repositório, uma solicitação para atualizar a lista de pacotes irá aparecer. Isso irá permitir que o KPackageKit encontre programas mais novos disponíveis. + + + +Para remover um repositório, selecione-o em Canais de software, e pressione o botão Remover. Quando o processo estiver completo, pressione o botão Fechar. + + + + + + + +Atualizando + +Os desenvolvedores do Kubuntu lançam atualizações de recursos e segurança para os programas e pacotes do sistema Kubuntu. + +Quando atualizações estiverem disponíveis, o Kubuntu irá mostrar uma mensagem na bandeja do sistema. Para atualizar o sistema, clique no botão Revisar e atualizar, que irá iniciar o KPackageKit. Clique em Selecionar todas as atualizações e Aplicar. O Kubuntu irá baixar e instalar as atualizações. + +Quando o Gerenciamento de software terminar de atualizar, fecha a janela clicando no botão Ok. + +Depois de instalar algumas atualizações, pode ser necessário reinicializar o computador. Se for o caso, o Kubuntu irá mostrar uma notificação e um ícone na bandeja do sistema. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/ru/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/ru/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/ru/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/ru/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,823 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Управление приложениями в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Данный документ содержит описание по управлению приложениями и их обновлению в Kubuntu. + + + + + +Введение + +Существует несколько способов управления приложениями в Kubuntu. Наиболее обычным способом добавления и удаления приложений является использование менеджера пакетов. В данном документе описаны следующие менеджеры пакетов: + +Графические клиенты + +KPackageKit + + +An advanced program with a graphical user interface (GUI) for +installing and removing applications. KPackageKit can +be started by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Утилиты командной строки + +APT + + +(Advanced Package Tool) is a complete system for software package management. + + + + + +Aptitude + +Текстовый высокоуровневый интерфейс к apt. + + + +Число программ, которые могут быть установлены с помощью менеджера пакетов, можно увеличить. Установка по умолчанию не включает все программы, которые могут быть использованы в Kubuntu. Функциональность системы может быть улучшена путем добавления большего числа приложений и более новых версий программ. Данный документ содержит описание того, как можно добавить новые источники программ. +Программное обеспечение Kubuntu постоянно совершенствуется. При наличии интернет соединения и обновлении Kubuntu становится возможна установка самых последних улучшений и исправлений системы безопасности. В данном документе содержится описание как проводить обновление системы. + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Software Management (KPackageKit) is a +graphical tool for installing new software on a Kubuntu system. Software +Management also provides tools for managing software and software repositories. +Installing and removing software is password-protected to help prevent errors +and potentially dangerous actions that would affect system operation. + + +Для установки нового программного обеспечения необходимо проделать следующие шаги: + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Поиск приложений с использованием поля ввода поиска и фильтров, расположенных в верхней части экрана. + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + +С помощью KPackageKit можно легко удалить приложение, которое больше не требуется. Для этого необходимо произвести следующие шаги: + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Найдите приложение с помощью поля поиска, после чего нажмите на кнопку Х в колонке "Действия" рядом с названием программы. + + + +Нажмите Применить и KPackageKit удалит приложение. + + + + + + +APT + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) - это мощная система управления приложениями, которая лежит в основе графического приложения Менеджер Программ. APT автоматически разрешает зависимости и производит все действия, необходимые для удаления выбранной программы. + +Для запуска APT необходимы права администратора. При запуске команд с помощью "sudo" выдается запрос пароля. Некоторые из команд, приведенных ниже, не могут быть запущены без использования "sudo". + +Наиболее типичные команды, используемые с APT: + + +Установка пакета: sudo apt-get install имя_пакета + + +Удаление пакета: sudo apt-get remove имя_пакета + + +Удаление зависимостей пакета, которые больше не требуются: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Поиск пакета: apt-cache search шаблон_поиска + + +Обновление списка доступных пакетов: sudo apt-get update + + +Установка последних обновлений для уже установленных приложений: sudo apt-get upgrade + + +Вывести подробный список доступных команд и параметров: apt-get help + + + +Дополнительную информацию об использовании APT читайте в Debian APT User Manual. + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Ручная установка + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Установка/Удаление .deb пакетов. + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Convert .rpm files to .deb files + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Installing Alien + + +Open Software Management by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + + +If prompted, enter the proper password and press OK. + + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Using alien + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Install from Source + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Managing Repositories + + +What are Repositories? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + + +Two factors are used to determine categories: + + + + +The level of support that software development teams provide for a program + + + + +The level of compliance the program has to the Free Software Philosophy + + + + +More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu website. + + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Adding or Removing Repositories + +To enable extra repositories: + + +Start Software Management by choosing Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + +Для продолжения требуется пароль админстратора. + + + +Затем выберите закладку Другие программы. Существующие репозитарии могут быть включены или выключены установкой соответствующих флажков. Для добавления новых репозитариев нажмите кнопку Добавить. + + + +Введите адрес репозитария. Необходимо вводить в правильном формате, который должен быть подобного вида: deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntukarmic main + + + +После добавления репозитария появится запрос на обновление списка пакетов. Это позволит KPackageKit найти самые последние версии программных продуктов. + + + +Для удаления репозитария нужно выбрать необходимые пункты в списке Источники программ и нажать кнопку Удалить. После завершения операции можно нажать кнопку Close для выхода. + + + + + + + +Updating + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + +При наличии обновлений Kubuntu отобразит соответствующее сообщение в системном трее. Для обновления системы нажмите кнопку Просмотреть и обновить, которая откроет менеджер пакетов KPackageKit. Нажмите Выбрать все обновления и кнопку Применить. После этого Kubuntu загрузит и установит все выбранные обновления. + +После завершения обновления Менеджером Пакетов закройте окно нажатием кнопки Ok. + +После установки некоторых обновлений может понадобиться перезагрузка компьюетра. В данном случае Kubuntu отобразит высплывающее сообщение и иконку в системном трее. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/sk/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/sk/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/sk/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/sk/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,922 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Software Management In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document describes managing and updating software in Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Introduction + + +There are several ways to manage applications in Kubuntu. A convenient way to +add or remove applications is with a package manager. The +following package managers are described in this document: + + +Graphical Clients + +KPackageKit + + +An advanced program with a graphical user interface (GUI) for +installing and removing applications. KPackageKit can +be started by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Command Line Utilities + +APT + + +(Advanced Package Tool) is a complete system for software package management. + + + + + +Aptitude + + +A text-based, high-level interface to apt. + + + + + +It is possible to increase the number of programs that can be installed with +package managers. The default installation does not include all the programs +that can be used with Kubuntu. System functionality can be enhanced by +including more applications and newer software. This document describes how to +add software repositories. + + +The software that comprises Kubuntu is being improved continuously. With an +Internet connection and Kubuntu software updating, the latest improvements and +security fixes can be applied to a system easily. This document explains how to +perform update. + + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Software Management (KPackageKit) is a +graphical tool for installing new software on a Kubuntu system. Software +Management also provides tools for managing software and software repositories. +Installing and removing software is password-protected to help prevent errors +and potentially dangerous actions that would affect system operation. + + + +Install new software with the following steps: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application with the search box and filters at the top of the +window. + + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + + +KPackageKit provides an easy method to remove the software that is no longer +needed. To remove an application: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application in the search box, and then click on the X in the +"Action" column next to the software title. + + + + + +Click Apply and KPackageKit will remove the application. + + + + + + + +APT + + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) is a +powerful package management system, which is the basis for the graphical +Software Management application. +APT automatically handles dependencies and performs +other package operations that are required for package installation. + + + +Running APT requires administrative privileges. +Entering commands with "sudo" generates a password prompt. Several of the +commands below will not run without sudo. + + + +Common commands used with APT are: + + + + +Install packages: +sudo apt-get install packagename + + + + +Remove packages: +sudo apt-get remove packagename + + + + +Remove package dependencies that are no longer needed: +sudo apt-get autoremove + + + + +Search for packages: +apt-cache search keyword + + + + +Retrieve the current lists of available packages: +sudo apt-get update + + + + +Install the latest available updates for the applications currently installed: +sudo apt-get upgrade + + + + +List further commands and options: +apt-get help + + + + + +For further information about the use of APT, read +the comprehensive Debian APT User Manual. + + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Manual Installation + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Install/Uninstall .deb files + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Convert .rpm files to .deb files + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Installing Alien + + +Open Software Management by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + + +If prompted, enter the proper password and press OK. + + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Using alien + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Install from Source + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Managing Repositories + + +What are Repositories? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + + +Two factors are used to determine categories: + + + + +The level of support that software development teams provide for a program + + + + +The level of compliance the program has to the Free Software Philosophy + + + + +More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu website. + + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Adding or Removing Repositories + +To enable extra repositories: + + +Start Software Management by choosing Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + + +An administrative password is required in order to proceed. + + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + + +To remove a repository, select it in Software Sources, and +press the Remove button. When the process is +complete, press the Close button. + + + + + + + + +Updating + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + + +When updates become available, Kubuntu will display a message in the System +Tray. To update the system, click the Review and Update +button, which will open KPackageKit. Click Select All +Updates and then Apply. Kubuntu will +download and install the updates. + + + +When Software Management has finished updating, +close the window by clicking the Okay button. + + +After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the +computer. If so, Kubuntu will display a pop-up and an icon in the System +Tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/sr/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/sr/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/sr/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/sr/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,922 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Software Management In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document describes managing and updating software in Kubuntu. + + + + + + +Introduction + + +There are several ways to manage applications in Kubuntu. A convenient way to +add or remove applications is with a package manager. The +following package managers are described in this document: + + +Graphical Clients + +KPackageKit + + +An advanced program with a graphical user interface (GUI) for +installing and removing applications. KPackageKit can +be started by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Command Line Utilities + +APT + + +(Advanced Package Tool) is a complete system for software package management. + + + + + +Aptitude + + +A text-based, high-level interface to apt. + + + + + +It is possible to increase the number of programs that can be installed with +package managers. The default installation does not include all the programs +that can be used with Kubuntu. System functionality can be enhanced by +including more applications and newer software. This document describes how to +add software repositories. + + +The software that comprises Kubuntu is being improved continuously. With an +Internet connection and Kubuntu software updating, the latest improvements and +security fixes can be applied to a system easily. This document explains how to +perform update. + + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Software Management (KPackageKit) is a +graphical tool for installing new software on a Kubuntu system. Software +Management also provides tools for managing software and software repositories. +Installing and removing software is password-protected to help prevent errors +and potentially dangerous actions that would affect system operation. + + + +Install new software with the following steps: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application with the search box and filters at the top of the +window. + + + + + +The application will show up in the large white space below the search area. +Click on the down arrow symbol next to the software to be installed. The arrow +will change color. Click Apply to start the +installation process. + + + + + +KpackageKit might provide information about required dependencies. Acknowledge +this information, and the required packages will begin downloading. When the +installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is +rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or update. + + + + +KPackageKit provides an easy method to remove the software that is no longer +needed. To remove an application: + + + + +Start KpackageKit with Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + + +Search for the application in the search box, and then click on the X in the +"Action" column next to the software title. + + + + + +Click Apply and KPackageKit will remove the application. + + + + + + + +APT + + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) is a +powerful package management system, which is the basis for the graphical +Software Management application. +APT automatically handles dependencies and performs +other package operations that are required for package installation. + + + +Running APT requires administrative privileges. +Entering commands with "sudo" generates a password prompt. Several of the +commands below will not run without sudo. + + + +Common commands used with APT are: + + + + +Install packages: +sudo apt-get install packagename + + + + +Remove packages: +sudo apt-get remove packagename + + + + +Remove package dependencies that are no longer needed: +sudo apt-get autoremove + + + + +Search for packages: +apt-cache search keyword + + + + +Retrieve the current lists of available packages: +sudo apt-get update + + + + +Install the latest available updates for the applications currently installed: +sudo apt-get upgrade + + + + +List further commands and options: +apt-get help + + + + + +For further information about the use of APT, read +the comprehensive Debian APT User Manual. + + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Manual Installation + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Install/Uninstall .deb files + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Convert .rpm files to .deb files + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Installing Alien + + +Open Software Management by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + + +If prompted, enter the proper password and press OK. + + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Using alien + + +Open Konsole by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Install from Source + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Managing Repositories + + +What are Repositories? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + + +Two factors are used to determine categories: + + + + +The level of support that software development teams provide for a program + + + + +The level of compliance the program has to the Free Software Philosophy + + + + +More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu website. + + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Adding or Removing Repositories + +To enable extra repositories: + + +Start Software Management by choosing Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + + +An administrative password is required in order to proceed. + + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + + +To remove a repository, select it in Software Sources, and +press the Remove button. When the process is +complete, press the Close button. + + + + + + + + +Updating + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + + +When updates become available, Kubuntu will display a message in the System +Tray. To update the system, click the Review and Update +button, which will open KPackageKit. Click Select All +Updates and then Apply. Kubuntu will +download and install the updates. + + + +When Software Management has finished updating, +close the window by clicking the Okay button. + + +After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the +computer. If so, Kubuntu will display a pop-up and an icon in the System +Tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/sv/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/sv/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/sv/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/sv/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,823 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Programhantering i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument beskriver hantering och uppdatering av program i Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduktion + +Det finns flera sätt att hantera program i Kubuntu. Ett bekvämt sätt att lägga till eller ta bort program är med en pakethanterare. Följande pakethanterare beskrivs i detta dokument: + +Grafiska klienter + +Kpackagekit + +Ett avancerat program med ett grafiskt användargränssnitt (GUI) för installation eller borttagning av program. KPackageKit startas genom att gå till Kickoff programstartareProgramSystemProgramvaruhantering (KPackageKit). + + + + +Kommandoradsverktyg + +APT + +(Advanced Package Tool) är ett komplett system för pakethantering. + + + + +Aptitude + +Ett textbaserat, högnivå gränssnitt till apt. + + + +Det är möjligt att öka antalet program som kan installeras med en pakethanterare. Standardinstallationen innehåller inte alla program som kan användas med Kubuntu. Systemets funktionalitet kan förbättras förbättras genom att inkludera fler och nyare program. Detta dokument beskriver hur man lägger till programförråd. +Programmen som Kubuntu innehåller förbättras kontinuerligt. Med en internetanslutning och Kubuntu programuppdatering, kan de senaste förbättringarna och säkerhetsfixarna enkelt appliceras på systemet. Detta dokument förklarar hur man utför en uppdatering. + + + + +Kpackagekit + + +Kpackagekit + + + + + + + + +Programvaruhantering (KPackageKit) är ett grafiskt verktyg för att installera nya program på ett Kubuntu-system. Programvaruhantering tillhandahåller dessutom verktyg för hantering av program och programförråd. Installera och ta bort program är lösenordsskyddat för att hjälpa till med att förhindra fel och potentiellt farliga åtgärder som kan skada systemfunktioner. + +Installera nya program med följande steg: + + +Starta KpackageKit med Kickoff programstartareProgramSystemProgramvaruhantering (KPackageKit). + + + +Sök efter programmet med sökrutan och filter överst i fönstret. + + + +Programmet kommer att visas i det stora vita fältet nedanför sökområdet. Klicka på symbolen nerpil bredvid Program att installera. Pilen kommer att ändra färg. Klicka på Verkställ för att starta processen. + + + +KpackageKit kan tillhandahålla information om nödvändiga beroenden. Bekräfta dessa uppgifter och nödvändiga paket kommer hämtas ner. När installationsprocessen är klar, är programmet färdigt att användas. Det är sällan nödvändigt att starta om systemet efter installationen eller uppdateringen. + + +KPackageKit tillhandahåller ett enkelt sätt att ta bort program som inte längre behövs. För att ta bort ett program: + + +Starta KpackageKit med Kickoff programstartareProgramSystemProgramvaruhantering (KPackageKit). + + + +Sök efter programmet i sökfältet och klicka sedan på X i "åtgärd"-kolumnen brevid programmets namn. + + + +Klicka på Verksäll och KPackageKit kommer att ta bort programmet. + + + + + + +APT + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) är ett kraftfullt pakethanteringssystem, som är basen för det grafiska programmet programvaruhantering. APT hanterar automatiskt beroenden och utför andra paketåtgärder som krävs för en paketinstallation. + +För att köra APT krävs administrativa rättigheter. Att ange kommandon med "sudo" skapar en lösenordsprompt. Flera av kommandona nedan kommer inte att fungera utan sudo. + +Vanliga kommandon som används med APT är: + + +Installera paket: sudo apt-get install paketnamn + + +Ta bort paket: sudo apt-get remove paketnamn + + +Ta bort paketberoenden som inte längre behövs: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Söka efter paket: apt-cache search nyckelord + + +Hämta den aktuella listan över tillgängliga paket: sudo apt-get update + + +Installera de senast tillgängliga uppdateringarna för installerade program: sudo apt-get upgrade + + +Lista fler kommandon och flaggor: apt-get help + + + +För mer information om hur du använder APT, läs den utförliga Debian APT HOWTO. + + + + + + +Aptitude + + +Aptitude is a command line front-end to +APT. Aptitude allows +for interactive package selection to remove, update or install packages. +Aptitude is an advanced package management system, +with more control and capability than APT as a +command line tool. + + + + + +Manuell installation + + +Although the preferred method of installing programs is with the package +manager described in , individual software +package files can be downloaded and installed. Several kinds of package files +are available for Linux systems. Generally, these file types are associated with +the package managers of specific Linux distributions. + + + +To install a particular application, it is preferable to select a Kubuntu +package of the application, and install it with a package manager. This ensures +that the program is compatible with other software on the system. If there +is no version of the package available through a package manager, it may be +possible to install it manually. The installation procedure depends on the type +of package file. + + + +Installera/avinstallera .deb-filer + + +The package files associated with Kubuntu have the .deb +suffix because of Kubuntu's close relationship with the Debian +GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be +downloaded and installed. Administrative privileges are required to do this. + + +To install a .deb file, simply Left click on the +.deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a +password associated with the necessary administrative privilege. + + + + +Konvertera .rpm-filer till .deb-filer + + +Red Hat Package Manager files have the .rpm +suffix. It is not recommended that these be installed on a Kubuntu system. In +almost all cases, a native Kubuntu .deb version of +the package is available. However, if necessary, an .rpm +file can be converted to a .deb package using a program +called alien. + + +Installera Alien + +Öppna Programvaruhantering genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramSystemProgramvaruhantering (KPackageKit). + + + +Enter alien in the Search box +near the top of the window. + + + + +Locate the package named alien and +select it. Press the down arrow button. The arrow will +change color. + + + + + +Press the Apply button, and +the Install Now button on the following screen. There +may be additional packages required to be installed as dependencies. If so, +click OK. + + + + + +If prompted, enter the proper password and press OK. + + + + + +Once the installation has completed, close Software +Management. + + + + +Using alien + +Öppna Terminal genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramSystemTerminal (Konsole). + + + +At the command prompt, type sudo alien package_file.rpm +and press the Enter key. + + + + +For more information on alien, type man +alien at the command prompt. When complete, press +q to exit. + + + + + + +Installera från källkod + + +Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 +suffix are package files known as tarballs or +source packages which are widely used in Linux. If there is +no native Kubuntu package available in any of the repositories, it may be +possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling +software, look at the Compiling +Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki. + + + + + + +Hantera programförråd + + +Vad är ett programförråd? + + +Thousands of programs are freely available to install on Kubuntu. These +programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and +are made available for installation over the Internet. This makes it easy +to install new programs in Kubuntu. It is also secure, because each +program is built specifically for Kubuntu and is checked thoroughly before it +is installed. Kubuntu repositories are categorized into four groups: + + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + + +Two factors are used to determine categories: + + + + +The level of support that software development teams provide for a program + + + +Nivån på programmets tillmötesgående till Filosofin om fria programvaror + + + +More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu website. + + +The standard Kubuntu LiveCD contains some software from the +Main and Restricted categories. Once +a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these +repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the +software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to +discover, install and update any piece of software directly over the Internet, +without the need for the LiveCD. + + + + +Lägg till eller ta bort förråd + +Att aktivera extra förråd: + + +Starta Programvaruhantering genom att välja Kickoff programstartProgramSystemProgramvaruhantering (KPackageKit). + + + +Select + +Settings +Edit Software Sources + + in the Software Management package manager window. + + + + +An administrative password is required in order to proceed. + + + + + +Next, click on the Other Software tab. Existing +repositories can be enabled or disabled by checking the appropriate boxes +in the upper section. To add a new repository, click the +Add button. + + + + + +Enter the repository address. The proper format is required, and looks similar +to this: +deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu +karmic main + + + + + +After adding the repository, a prompt will appear to update the package list. +This will allow KPackageKit to find the newly available software. + + + + + +To remove a repository, select it in Software Sources, and +press the Remove button. When the process is +complete, press the Close button. + + + + + + + + +Uppdatering + + +Kubuntu developers release feature and security updates for applications and +packages within the Kubuntu system. + + + +When updates become available, Kubuntu will display a message in the System +Tray. To update the system, click the Review and Update +button, which will open KPackageKit. Click Select All +Updates and then Apply. Kubuntu will +download and install the updates. + + + +When Software Management has finished updating, +close the window by clicking the Okay button. + + +After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the +computer. If so, Kubuntu will display a pop-up and an icon in the System +Tray. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/uk/manage-software.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/uk/manage-software.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/manage-software/uk/manage-software.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/manage-software/uk/manage-software.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,693 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Керування програмним забезпеченням у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі описано керування та оновлення програмного забезпечення у Kubuntu. + + + + + +Вступ + +Існує декілька способів керування програмним забезпеченням у Kubuntu. Зручним способом додавання або вилучення програм є програма для керування пакунками. У цьому документі описано такі програми для керування пакунками: + +Програми з графічним інтерфейсом + +KPackageKit + +Програма з додатковими можливостями та графічним інтерфейсом користувача, призначена для встановлення та вилучення програм. KPackageKit можна запустити за допомогою пункту меню інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаКерування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit). + + + + +Програми, що керуються командним рядком + +APT + +(Advanced Package Tool) — повноцінна система для керування пакунками з програмним забезпеченням. + + + + +Aptitude + +Текстовий, високорівневий інтерфейс до apt. + + + +Кількість програм, які встановлено у системі, можна збільшити за допомогою програм для керування пакунками. У типовому комплекті немає всіх програм, якими можна скористатися у Kubuntu. Можливості системи можна розширити встановленням додаткових програм або новішого програмного забезпечення. У цьому документі описано способи додавання сховищ програмного забезпечення. +Програмне забезпечення, з якого складається Kubuntu, неухильно покращується. За допомогою інтернет-з’єднання та оновлення програмного забезпечення Kubuntu можна легко встановлювати найновіші покращення та виправлення помилок безпеки у системі. У цьому документі описано способи виконання оновлень. + + + + +KPackageKit + + +KPackageKit + + + + + + + + +Керування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit) — програма з графічним інтерфейсом, призначена для встановлення нового програмного забезпечення у систему Kubuntu. Крім того, у Керуванні програмним забезпеченням передбачено можливості для керування програмним забезпеченням та сховищами програмного забезпечення. Встановлення та вилучення програмного забезпечення захищено паролем з метою запобігання помилкам та потенційно небезпечним діям, які можуть зашкодити працездатності системи. + +Для встановлення нового програмного забезпечення виконайте такі дії: + + +Запустіть KpackageKit за допомогою пункту меню інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаКерування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit). + + + +Знайдіть пункт програми за допомогою поля для пошуку та фільтрування, розташованого у верхній частині вікна програми. + + + +У вікні програми буде показано велику порожню область під панеллю пошуку. Натисніть кнопку зі стрілкою вниз, розташовану поряд з пунктами програмного забезпечення, яке слід встановити. У відповідь стрілка змінить колір. Натисніть кнопку Застосувати, щоб розпочати процедуру встановлення. + + + +KpackageKit може надавати відомості щодо потрібних для роботи пакунка залежностей. Ознайомтеся з цими відомостями і розпочніть звантаження пакунків. Після завершення процедури встановлення, ви зможете скористатися програмним забезпеченням. Навряд чи вам потрібно буде перезавантажити систему після встановлення або оновлення програмного забезпечення. + + +У KPackageKit передбачено дуже простий спосіб вилучення програмного забезпечення, яке вже не потрібне користувачеві. Щоб вилучити таке програмне забезпечення, виконайте такі кроки: + + +Запустіть KpackageKit за допомогою пункту меню інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаКерування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit). + + + +Знайдіть пункт програми за допомогою поля пошуку, а потім натисніть кнопку з позначкою «X» у стовпчику «Дія», поряд з пунктом назви програмного забезпечення. + + + +Натисніть кнопку Застосувати і KPackageKit вилучить програмне забезпечення. + + + + + + +APT + +APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) — потужна система керування пакунками, яка є основою для графічного інтерфейсу Керування програмним забезпеченням. APT автоматично обробляє залежності і виконує інші дії над пакунками потрібні для встановлення пакунків. + +Для запуску APT потрібні права доступу адміністратора. Введення команд з "sudo" призведе до запиту щодо пароля. Декілька з наведених нижче команд не можна запустити без sudo. + +Ось перелік типових команд, якими можна скористатися за допомогою APT: + + +Встановити пакунки: sudo apt-get install назва пакунка + + +Вилучити пакунки: sudo apt-get remove назва пакунка + + +Вилучити залежності пакунків, які непотрібні для роботи поточних пакунків: sudo apt-get autoremove + + +Знайти пакунки: apt-cache search ключ пошуку + + +Отримати поточні списки доступних пакунків: sudo apt-get update + + +Встановити найсвіжіші оновлення програм, які встановлено у системі: sudo apt-get upgrade + + +Показати список команд та можливих параметрів команд: apt-get help + + + +Докладнішу інформацію щодо використання APT, можна знайти у повному Підручнику користувача APT Debian. + + + + + + +Aptitude + +Aptitude — інтерфейс командного рядка до APT. Aptitude забезпечує інтерактивну систему вибору пакунків для вилучення, оновлення або встановлення. Aptitude є системою керування пакунками з додатковими можливостями з додатковими можливостями з керування, порівняно з інструментом командного рядка APT. + + + + +Встановлення вручну + +Хоча основним способом встановлення програм є програма для керування пакунками, описана у розділі , ви можете звантажувати і встановлювати окремі файли пакунків. У системах Linux існує декілька форматів файлів пакунків. Зазвичай, ці типи файлів пов’язано з певними програмами для керування пакунками окремих дистрибутивів Linux. + +Щоб встановити якусь з програм, вам слід вибрати пакунок програми для Kubuntu і встановити його за допомогою програми для керування пакунками. Таким чином буде забезпечено сумісність програми з рештою програмного забезпечення системи. Якщо у списку програми для керування пакунками не виявиться потрібного вам пакунка, пакунок можна встановити вручну. Процедура встановлення залежить від типу файла пакунка. + + +Встановлення/Вилучення файлів .deb + +Фали пакунків, пов’язані з Kubuntu, мають суфікси назв .deb, оскільки Kubuntu є дистрибутивом, тісно пов’язаним з Debian GNU/Linux. Окремі файли .deb можна звантажувати з сайтів Інтернету і встановлювати. Для встановлення вам можуть знадобитися адміністративні права доступу. +Щоб встановити файл .deb, просто клацніть лівою кнопкою миші на позначці файла .deb, щоб розпочати процедуру встановлення. Система запитає у вас пароль, пов’язаний з наданням необхідних адміністративних прав доступу. + + + +Перетворення файлів формату .rpm на файли формату .deb + +Файли програми для керування пакунками Red Hat мають суфікси назв .rpm. Ми не рекомендуємо встановлювати ці пакунки у систему Kubuntu. Майже завжди можна знайти рідну версію .deb для Kubuntu. Але за потреби файл .rpm можна перетворити на пакунок .deb за допомогою програми з назвою alien. + +Встановлення Alien + +Запустіть KpackageKit за допомогою пункту меню інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаКерування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit). + + +Введіть alien у поле Пошук, розташоване у верхній частині вікна. + + +Знайдіть у списку пакунок з назвою alien і позначте пункт пакунка. Натисніть кнопку зі стрілочкою вниз. Після натискання кнопка має змінити колір. + + + +Натисніть кнопку Застосувати, а потім кнопку Встановити зараз у наступному вікні. Для встановлення пакунка може знадобитися встановлення залежностей. Якщо це так, натисніть кнопку Гаразд. + + + +Якщо буде показано запит, введіть належний пароль і натисніть кнопку Гаразд. + + + +Після завершення встановлення закрийте вікно програми Керування програмним забезпеченням. + + + +Використання alien + +Відкрийте Консоль в меню Kickoff Application LauncherПрограмиСистемаТермінал (Консоль). + + +У рядку запиту команди введіть sudo alien файл_пакунка.rpm і натисніть клавішу Enter. + + +Щоб дізнатися більше про alien, віддайте у командному рядку команду man alien. Після завершення читання натисніть клавішу q. + + + + + +Встановлення з початкових кодів + +Файли з суфіксами .tar.gz або .tar.bz2 є файлами пакунків початкових кодів, які широко використовуються у Linux. Якщо у жодному зі сховищ не буде рідних пакунків для Kubuntu, ви можете зібрати і встановити пакунок з початкових кодів. Підказки щодо збирання програмного забезпечення можна знайти на сторінці збирання програмного забезпечення вікі Ubuntu. + + + + + +Керування сховищами програмного забезпечення + + +Для чого призначено сховища? + +У Kubuntu ви можете встановити тисячі програм. Ці програми зберігаються у архівах програмного забезпечення (сховищах). Їх можна встановити за умови доступу до Інтернету. Таким чином, встановлення нових програм у Kubuntu є дуже простим. Крім того, таке встановлення є безпечним, оскільки всі програми створено спеціально для Kubuntu і ретельно перевірено перед встановленням. Сховища Kubuntu розподілено на чотири групи: + + +Main +Restricted +Universe +Multiverse + +Для розподілу на категорії використано два критерії: + + +Рівень підтримки, яку надають команди з розробки програмного забезпечення програмі + + +Рівень сумісності програми з філософією вільного програмного забезпечення + + +Докладніші відомості щодо сховищ програмного забезпечення можна отримати на веб-сайті Ubuntu. +На стандартному компакт-диску з портативною версією Kubuntu міститься частина програмного забезпечення з категорій Main і Restricted. Після надання системі даних щодо адресу сховищ у Інтернеті, ви зможете встановити інші програми. За допомогою програм для керування пакунками програмного забезпечення з типового комплекту ви можете виявляти, встановлювати і оновлювати частини програмного забезпечення за допомогою Інтернету без потреби у використанні носія з портативною версією системи. + + + +Додавання або вилучення записів сховищ + +Щоб увімкнути додаткові сховища, виконайте такі дії: + + +Запустіть програму Керування програмним забезпеченням за допомогою пункту меню інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаКерування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit). + + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню ПараметриРедагувати джерел програмного забезпечення у головному вікні програми Керування програмним забезпеченням. + + +Для виконання потрібних вам дій доведеться ввести пароль адміністратора системи (ваш пароль). + + + +Далі, перейдіть на вкладку Інше програмне забезпечення. Вже створені записи сховищ можна вмикати або вимикати за допомогою позначок поряд з відповідними пунктами у верхній частині вікна. Щоб додати новий запис сховища, натисніть кнопку Додати. + + + +Вкажіть адресу сховища. Адресу слід вказати у належному форматі, десь так: deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu karmic main + + + +Після додавання запису сховища з’явиться запит щодо оновлення списку пакунків. Оновлення дозволить KPackageKit виявити нові пункти у списку програмного забезпечення. + + + +Щоб вилучити запис сховища, позначте його пункт у списку Джерела програмного забезпечення і натисніть кнопку Вилучити. Після завершення процедури додавання натисніть кнопку Закрити. + + + + + + + +Оновлення + +Розробники Kubuntu створюють пакунки з оновленнями та виправленнями програмного забезпечення, з якого складається система Kubuntu. + +Якщо у сховищах з’являться оновлення програмного забезпечення, Kubuntu покаже повідомлення про це у системному лотку. Щоб оновити систему, натисніть кнопку Перегляд і оновлення. У відповідь буде відкрито вікно KPackageKit. Натисніть кнопку Позначити всі оновлення, а потім кнопку Застосувати. Kubuntu звантажить і встановить оновлення. + +Після завершення оновлення програмою Керування програмним забезпеченням закрийте вікно натисканням кнопки Гаразд. + +Після встановлення деяких оновлень доведеться перезапускати систему. Якщо ви встановили саме таке оновлення, Kubuntu покаже контекстну підказку і піктограму у системному лотку. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/de/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/de/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/de/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/de/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,525 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Speichermedien nutzen mit <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument informiert über Speichermedien die mit Kubuntu genutzt werden können - und wie dies funktioniert. + + + + +Einleitung +Kubuntu unterstützt mit einer Standard-Installation eine ganze Anzahl nutzbarer Speichermedien. Darunter auch USB-Festplatten, USB-Flash-Disks, eingebaute und externe CD-Laufwerke, CDs, DVDs - und eine Reihe weiterer Typen. +In den allermeisten Fällen erkennt Kubuntu von sich aus welches Medium eingelegt oder angeschlossen wurde - sei es eine CD, DVD, ein externes Laufwerk, ein USB-Stick oder ein CompactFlash-Drive - benachrichtigt den Benutzer, dass ein Medium erkannt wurde und erlaubt dann je nach Medientyp Aktionen damit auszuführen. Beispielsweise würde das einlegen einer CD oder DVD es erlauben mit K3b zum brennen geöffnet zu werden, wenn es sich um ein Leermedium handelt - oder mit Amarok, wenn es sich um eine Audio-CD handelt. Mit dem Dragon Player, wenn es eine DVD ist. Um diese Aktionen sichtbar zu machen, bitte das Medien-Symbol zur linken neben dem Symbol anklicken, dass anzeigt, dass das Medium erkannt wurde. + +Medium mit Auswahloptionen erkannt + + + + + + + + + + +ISO-Abbilder +Ein ISO-Abbild ist eine Datei, die ein Speicherabbild im Format einer CD or DVD enhält. Kubuntu kann recht leicht als ISO-Datei herunter geladen werden und dann entweder auf eine CD oder DVD gebrannt werden oder auch auf einem USB-Stick gespeichert werden und von dort als Startmedium dienen. Weitere Informationen bietet die Verknüpfung zum Schreiben von CDs oder DVDs. Bzw. der Abschnitt zur Erstellung eines bootbaren ISO-Abbilds. + + + +Brennen von CDs oder DVDs +Kubuntu kommt mit K3b, einem CD- und DVD- Brennprogramm. Mit K3b lassen sich Daten- und Audio-Projekte erstellen, CDs oder DVDs kopieren, wiederbeschreibbare Medien formatieren und löschen, sowie Musik von Audio-CDs kopieren und Videos von DVDs. +Kopieren, erstellen und brennen +Neues Daten-Projekt + +Man beginnt mit einem Klick auf Neues Daten-Projekt. Anschließend kann man Dateien einfach auf eine CD oder DVD ziehen. Sobald alle gewünschten Dateien vorhanden sind, startet der Brennen-Knopf den Brennvorgang. + + +Neue Audio-CD + +Start mit einem Klick auf Neue Audio-CD. Dies erlaubt es Audio-Dateien auf eine CD zu ziehen, die dann beispielsweide in der Stereo-Anlage oder im Auto-CD-Player gespielt werden kann. Sobald alle Dateien vorhanden sind, kann man mit dem Brennen-Knopf den Brennvorgang starten. + + +Medium kopieren + +Ein Klick auf Medium kopieren ... kopiert eine CD auf eine Leer-CD oder eine DVD auf eine -DVD. Um los zulegen, einfach auf Start klicken. + + +Wiederbeschreibbares Medium formatieren/löschen + +Im Menü ExtrasWiederbeschreibbares Medium formatieren/löschen ... beginnen, um ein wiederbeschreibbares Medium zu formatieren oder zu löschen. Um den Vorgang zu beginnen auf Start klicken. + + +Abbild brennen + +Im MenüExtrasISO-Abbild brennen ... anwählen, um eine ISO-Datei auf eine CD oder DVD zu brennen. Um den Brennvorgang zu beginnen den Start-Knopf anklicken. + + +Audio-CD auslesen + +Im Menü ExtrasAudio-CD auslesen ... anwählen, um eine Audio-CD in Ogg, MP3 , oder ähnliche Formate der Wahl umzuwandeln. Um den Vorgang dann zu beginnen, Start anklicken. + + +Video-CD auslesen + +Im Menü ExtrasVideo-CD auslesen ... anwählen, um eine CD zu einem Video auf der Festplatte zu speichern. Um den Vorgang zu starten, den Start-Knopf anklicken. + + +Video-DVD auslesen + +Im Menü ExtrasVideo-DVD auslesen ... anwählen, um eine CD zu Video-Dateien auf der Festplatte umzuwandeln. Um den Vorgang zu starten, den Start-Knopf anklicken. + + + + + + +Startbares ISO-Abbild vom USB-Medium +Kubuntu wird mit dem Startup Disk Creator ausgeliefert. Das Programm ermöglicht es USB-Sticks so einzurichten, dass sie als Start-Medium dienen können, um beispielsweise Kubuntu, Ubuntu, oder andere Linux-Distributionen zu installieren, oder als Rettungsmedium zu dienen. + +Startmedienersteller + + + + + + + +Ein USB-Medium startbar machen mit einem ISO-Abbild + +Den Startup Start-Medien-Ersteller findet man im Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeSystemUSB Startup Disk Creator. + + +Ein Klick auf den Knopf Weitere ... öffnet die Möglichkeit das gewünschte ISO-Abbild auszuwählen. Ein Klick auf Öffnen beendet den Auswahl-Dialog. + + +Sollte auf dem USB-Medium nichts unter Freier Speicherplatz erscheinen, sollte das Medium zuvor gelöscht werden indem es ausgewählt wird und mit einem Klick auf den Knopf Formatieren der Vorgang gestartet wird. +Bevor weiter gemacht wird ... +Sollte nach dem Formatieren beim Gerät noch immer kein Freier Speicherplatz erscheinen, kann es notwendig sein den Startup Disk Creator zu beenden und das Medium per Hand erneut anzuschließen. Nachdem die Hardware entfernt wurde, ein paar Sekunden warten, um sie dann erneut an den Computer anzuschließen. Nun den Startup Disk Creator öffnen und mit den weiteren Schritten fortfahren. + + + +Es stehen zwei Optionen zur Verfügung ein Startmedium zu erstellen. Die Auswahl Im reservierten Extrabereich gespeichert ermöglicht die Nutzung des USB-Mediums als Kubuntu-Desktop-Live-Medium. Der Schiebregler ändert die Größe des zu Nutzenden Speicherplatzes. Die andere Option, Beim Herunterfahren verwerfen, falls sie nicht an einem anderen Ort gespeichert werden. speichert bei der Nutzung keine Daten auf dem Gerät. Diese Auswahl ist für den Zweck gedacht, falls das USB-Medium nur zur Installation genutzt wird. + + +Um die Installation auf dem Medium zu beginnen, auf den Knopf Startmedium erstellen klicken. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/es/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/es/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/es/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/es/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,573 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestión de medios con <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona información acerca de los tipos de medios que se pueden usar con Kubuntu así como la manera de escribir en el medio. + + + + +Introducción +Kubuntu permite muchos tipos de medio con su instalación estándar, incluyendo USB discos duros, discos USB flash, CDROM internos y externos, CD, DVD y más. +La mayor parte de las ocasiones, cuando se conecta un dispositivo como un CD, DVD, disco duro externo, dispositivo flash USB, o dispositivos flash compactos, Kubuntu automáticamente reconoce el dispositivo, muestra una notificación de que ha sido reconocido, y permite seleccionar una acción dependiendo del tipo de dispositivo que sea. Por ejemplo, insertar un CD o DVD permitiría montarlo, abrirlo con K3b para grabarlo si está vacío, abrirlo con Amarok si es un CD de audio, o abrirlo con Dragon Player si es un DVD. Para ver las acciones disponibles, pulse en el icono del dispositivo a la izquierda del dispositivo que ha sido reconocido. + +Medios erconocidos con opciones + + + + + + + + + + +Imágenes ISO +Una imagen ISO es un archivo que esta formateado para ser usado con CD o DVD. Kubuntu es fácilmente adquirido como un archivo y puede ser grabado en un CD, DVD, o guardado en un dispositivo flash USB en un formato arrancable. Revise la sección Escribir a CD o DVD o la sección para crear Imágenes ISO arrancables desde dispositivos USB para más información. + + + +Escribir CD o DVD +Kubuntu incluye K3b, un grabador para CD y DVD. Con K3b, es posible crear un proyecto de datos o audio, copiar un CD o DVD, formatear o borrar un disco regrabable, así como realizar una extracción (rip) de tanto audio como vídeo CD y DVD. +Copiar, crear y quemar +Poryecto de datos nuevo + +Pulse el botón Nuevo proyecto de datos para arrancar. Esta acción permite tomar y soltar archivos de datos en un CD o DVD. Cuando todos los archivos se han copiado , pulse el botón Copiar para escribir los datos en el disco. + + +Proyecto de CD de audio nuevo + +Pulse el botón Nuevo proyecto de CD de audio para comenzar. Esta acción le permite arrastrar y soltar en un CD que puede reproducirse en un equipo casero o de automóvil. Cuando se hayan copiado todos los archivos pulse el botón Copiar para escribir el audio en el disco. + + +Copiar medio + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Formatear o borrar un discro reescribible + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Grabar imagen + +Vaya a HerramientasCopiar imagen... para copiar una imagen ISO a un CD o DVD. Para iniciar la copia, pulse el botón Iniciar. + + +Extraer CD de audio + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Extraer CD de vídeo + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Extraer DVD de vídeo + +Vaya a HerrameintasExtraer vídeo DVD... para extraer un DVD de vídeo a archivos locales. Para iniciar la extracción, pulse el botón Iniciar. + + + + + + +Imágenes ISO de arranque desde medios USB +Kubuntu trae la aplicación Creador de disco de arranque. Esta aplicación es para la creación de un disco flash USB de arranque para instalar Kubuntu, Ubuntu, u otra distribución Linux. + +Creador de discos de arranque + + + + + + + +Craer un disco flash US arrancable desde una imagen ISO + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Antes de continuar... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + +Para iniciar el proceso, pulseCrear disco de arranque. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/et/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/et/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/et/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/et/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,589 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Media Management With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information concerning the types of media that can be +used with Kubuntu as well as how to write to the media. + + + + + +Sissejuhatus + +Kubuntu supports many types of media with a standard installation, including +USB hard drives, USB flash drives, internal and external CDROMs, CDs, DVDs, and +more. + +Andmekandjate nagu CD, DVD, välise kõvaketta, USB mälupulga või compact flash ketta lisamise käigus tuvastab Kubuntu automaatselt andmekandjad, kuvades teate, et andmekandja on tuvastatud ning lubab toiminguid, mis on omane andmekandjale. + +Media recognized with options + + + + + + + + + + +ISO tõmmis + +An ISO image is an archive file that is formatted to be used +with CDs or DVDs. Kubuntu is easily acquired as an ISO file +and then burned to either a CD, DVD, or written to a USB flash drive in a +bootable format. Review the Write to CDs or +DVDs section or the section on creating Bootable ISO +Images From USB Media for further information. + + + + +Kirjuta CDsid või DVDsid + +Kubuntu ships with K3b, a CD and +DVD creator. With K3b, it is +possible to create a data or audio project, copy a CD or +DVD, format or erase a rewritable disk, as well as rip audio +and video CD' and DVD's. + +Kopeeri, loo ning kirjuta +Uus andmeprojekt + + +Click the New Data Project +button to get started. This action allows data file drag-and-drop onto a +CD or DVD. When all files have been +copied over, press the Burn button to write the +data to the disk. + + + +Uus audio CD projekt + + +Click the New Audio CD Project +button to get started. This action allows audio file drag-and-drop onto a +CD that can be played in a home stereo or automobile. +When all files have been copied over, press the Burn +button to write the audio to the disk. + + + +Kopeeri meedium + +Kliki Kopeeri meedium... nuppu, et kopeerida CDlt CDle või DVDlt DVDle. Kopeerimise alustamiseks kliki Käivita nuppu. + + +Vorminda või kustuta korduvkirjutusega ketas + +Mine TööriistadVorminda/kustuta korduvkirjutusega ketas..., et vormindada või kustutada korduvvkirjutusega ketas. Vormindamise alustamiseks kliki Käivita nuppu. + + +Kirjuta tõmmis + +Mine TööriistadKirjuta tõmmis... , et kirjutada ISO tõmmis CDle või DVDle. Kirjutamise alustamiseks kliki Käivitamise nuppu. + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + +Mine TööriistadRipi video CD..., et rippida video CDle kohaliku failina. Rippimmise alustamiseks kliki Käivita nuppu. + + +Rip video DVD + +Mine TööriistadRipi video DVD..., et rippida video DVDle kohaliku failina. Rippimmise alustamiseks kliki Käivita nuppu. + + + + + + +Algkäivitusega ISO tõmmis USB Meedialt + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Käivitusketta looja + + + + + + + +Algkäivitusega USB välkmälu loomine ISO tõmmisest + +Ava Käivitusketta looja, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedSüsteemKäivitusketta looja. + + +Kliki Muu... nuppu, et avada dialoog õige ISO tõmmise valimiseks. Selleks kliki OK nuppu, et sulgeda ISO valimise dialoog. + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Enne kui jätkad... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/fr/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/fr/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/fr/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/fr/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,634 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Media Management With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information concerning the types of media that can be +used with Kubuntu as well as how to write to the media. + + + + + +Introduction + +Kubuntu supports many types of media with a standard installation, including +USB hard drives, USB flash drives, internal and external CDROMs, CDs, DVDs, and +more. + + +Most of the time, when attaching media such as a CD, DVD, external hard +drive, USB flash drive, or compact flash drives, Kubuntu automatically +recognizes the media, displays a notification that it has recognized the media, +and allows for an action to be selected depending on the type of media it is. +For instance, inserting a CD or DVD would allow for it to be mounted, opened +with K3b for burning if it is blank, opened with +Amarok if it is an audio CD, or opened with +Dragon Player if it is a DVD. To +see the actions available, click the media icon to +the left of the media that has been recognized. + + +Media recognized with options + + + + + + + + + + +images ISO + +An ISO image is an archive file that is formatted to be used +with CDs or DVDs. Kubuntu is easily acquired as an ISO file +and then burned to either a CD, DVD, or written to a USB flash drive in a +bootable format. Review the Write to CDs or +DVDs section or the section on creating Bootable ISO +Images From USB Media for further information. + + + + +Write to CDs or DVDs + +Kubuntu ships with K3b, a CD and +DVD creator. With K3b, it is +possible to create a data or audio project, copy a CD or +DVD, format or erase a rewritable disk, as well as rip audio +and video CD' and DVD's. + +Copy, create, and burn +New data project + + +Click the New Data Project +button to get started. This action allows data file drag-and-drop onto a +CD or DVD. When all files have been +copied over, press the Burn button to write the +data to the disk. + + + +New audio CD project + + +Click the New Audio CD Project +button to get started. This action allows audio file drag-and-drop onto a +CD that can be played in a home stereo or automobile. +When all files have been copied over, press the Burn +button to write the audio to the disk. + + + +Copy medium + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Format or erase rewritable disk + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Burn image + + +Go to ToolsBurn +Image... to burn an ISO image to a +CD or DVD. To start the burn, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Rip video DVD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +DVD... to rip a video DVD to local +files. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + + + + + +Bootable ISO Images From USB Media + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Startup Disk Creator + + + + + + + +Creating a bootable USB flash drive from an ISO image + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Before continuing on... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/it/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/it/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/it/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/it/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,525 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestione degli oggetti multimediali con <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento tratta informazioni sui tipi di dispositivi multimediali utilizzabili con Kubuntu e sul loro metodo di archiviazione. + + + + +Introduzione +Kubuntu, nella sua installazione standard, supporta molti tipi di dispositivi multimediali, dischi fissi e flash USB, CDROM interni ed esterni, CD, DVD e altro ancora. +Il più delle volte, quando si collegano CD, DVD, dischi fissi esterni, chiavette di memoria USB o schede di archiviazione, Kubuntu riconosce automaticamente il dispositivo, mostra una notifica di riconoscimento e permette di selezionare un'azione in base al tipo di dispositivo collegato. Per esempio, se si inserisce un CD, o un DVD, esso potrà essere montato, aperto con K3b per la masterizzazione, se vuoto, aperto con Amarok, se è un Cd audio, oppure aperto con Dragon Player, se è un DVD. Per visualizzare le azioni possibili, fate clic sull'icona alla sinistra del dispositivo riconosciuto. + +Dispositivi riconosciuti e relative opzioni + + + + + + + + + + +Immagini ISO +Un'immagine ISO è un archivio formattato in modo tale da essere utilizzato con i CD o i DVD. Kubuntu si può facilmente trovare in formato ISO e masterizzare su un CD, un DVD, o memorizzare in formato avviabile in una chiave di memoria USB. Per ulteriori informazioni, fate riferimento alla sezione Masterizzare su CD o DVD o alla sezione relativa alla creazione Immagini ISO avviabili da dispositivo USB. + + + +Masterizzare su CD o DVD +In Kubuntu è presente K3b, un creatore di CD e DVD. Con K3b è possibile creare progetti dati o audio, copiare un CD o un DVD, formattare o cancellare un disco riscrivibile, così come estrarre tracce audio e video dai CD e i DVD. +Copiare, creare e masterizzare +Nuovo progetto dati + +Per iniziare, fate clic sul pulsante Nuovo progetto dati. Questa azione consente di trascinare file di dati all'interno di un CD o un DVD. Quando avete copiato tutti i file, premete il pulsante Scrivi per scrivere i dati nel disco. + + +Nuovo progetto CD audio + +Per iniziare, fate clic sul pulsante Nuovo progetto CD audio. Questa azione consente di trascinare file audio all'interno di un CD da riprodurre nell'impianto stereo casalingo o dell'auto. Quando avete copiato tutti i file, premete il pulsante Scrivi per scrivere i dati nel disco. + + +Copia supporto + +Fate clic sul pulsante Copia supporto... per copiare un CD in un altro CD oppure un DVD in un altro DVD. Per avviare il processo di copiatura, fate clic sul pulsante Avvia. + + +Formatta/cancella disco riscrivibile + +Andate in StrumentiFormata/Cancella disco riscrivibile... per formattare o cancellare un disco riscrivibile. Per avviare la formattazione, fate clic sul pulsante Avvia. + + +Scrivi immagine + +Andate in StrumentiScrivi immagine... per masterizzare un'immagine ISO in un CD o un DVD. Per avviare la masterizzazione, fate clic sul pulsante Avvia. + + +Estrazione CD audio + +Andate in StrumentiEstrazione CD audio... per estrarre le tracce audio da un CD in file Ogg, MP3 o nel formato di vostra preferenza. Per avviare l'estrazione, fate clic sul pulsante Avvia. + + +Estrazione CD video + +Andate in StrumentiEstrazione CD video... per estrarre un video CD in un file locale. Per avviare l'estrazione, fate clic sul pulsante Avvia. + + +Estrazione DVD video + +Andate in StrumentiEstrazione DVD video... per estrarre un video DVD in dei file locali. Per avviare l'estrazione, fate clic sul pulsante Avvia. + + + + + + +Immagini ISO avviabili da dispositivo USB +In Kubuntu è presente l'applicazione Creatore dischi di avvio. Questa applicazione serve per la creazione di un dispositivo flash USB avviabile, per l'installazione di Kubuntu, Ubuntu o altre distribuzioni Linux. + +Creatore dischi di avvio + + + + + + + +Creare un dispositivo flash USB avviabile da un'immagine ISO + +Aprite Creatore dischi di avvio da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaCreatore dischi di avvio. + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Altro... per aprire la finestra di selezione della corretta immagine ISO, poi fate clic sul pulsante OK per chiudere la finestra di selezione. + + +Se il dispositivo flash USB non mostra alcuno spazio libero, evidenziate il dispositivo e fate clic sul pulsante Formatta. +Prima di continuare... +Se, dopo la formattazione, il dispositivo non mostra ancora alcuno spazio libero, potrebbe essere necessario chiudere Creatore dischi di avvio e rimuovere fisicamente il dispositivo. Dopo averlo rimosso, aspettate qualche secondo poi reinseritelo nel computer. Aprite Creatore dischi di avvio e proseguite con i seguenti passi. + + + +Esistono due opzioni per la creazione del disco di avvio. Selezionate Salvati su spazio aggiuntivo riservato se il dispositivo USB verrà usato per avviare Kubuntu desktop live. Usate barra di scorrimento per scegliere la quantità di spazio di archiviazione. L'altra opzione, Eliminati in fase di arresto, a meno che non vengano salvati in un'altra posizione, non salverà i dati nel dispositivo. Scegliete questa opzione se il dispositivo flash USB viene utilizzato solo per l'installazione di Kubuntu desktop. + + +Fate clic su Crea disco di avvio per avviare la procedura. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/ja/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/ja/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/ja/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/ja/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,634 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Media Management With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information concerning the types of media that can be +used with Kubuntu as well as how to write to the media. + + + + + +Introduction + +Kubuntu supports many types of media with a standard installation, including +USB hard drives, USB flash drives, internal and external CDROMs, CDs, DVDs, and +more. + + +Most of the time, when attaching media such as a CD, DVD, external hard +drive, USB flash drive, or compact flash drives, Kubuntu automatically +recognizes the media, displays a notification that it has recognized the media, +and allows for an action to be selected depending on the type of media it is. +For instance, inserting a CD or DVD would allow for it to be mounted, opened +with K3b for burning if it is blank, opened with +Amarok if it is an audio CD, or opened with +Dragon Player if it is a DVD. To +see the actions available, click the media icon to +the left of the media that has been recognized. + + +Media recognized with options + + + + + + + + + + +ISO Images + +An ISO image is an archive file that is formatted to be used +with CDs or DVDs. Kubuntu is easily acquired as an ISO file +and then burned to either a CD, DVD, or written to a USB flash drive in a +bootable format. Review the Write to CDs or +DVDs section or the section on creating Bootable ISO +Images From USB Media for further information. + + + + +Write to CDs or DVDs + +Kubuntu ships with K3b, a CD and +DVD creator. With K3b, it is +possible to create a data or audio project, copy a CD or +DVD, format or erase a rewritable disk, as well as rip audio +and video CD' and DVD's. + +Copy, create, and burn +New data project + + +Click the New Data Project +button to get started. This action allows data file drag-and-drop onto a +CD or DVD. When all files have been +copied over, press the Burn button to write the +data to the disk. + + + +New audio CD project + + +Click the New Audio CD Project +button to get started. This action allows audio file drag-and-drop onto a +CD that can be played in a home stereo or automobile. +When all files have been copied over, press the Burn +button to write the audio to the disk. + + + +Copy medium + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Format or erase rewritable disk + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Burn image + + +Go to ToolsBurn +Image... to burn an ISO image to a +CD or DVD. To start the burn, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Rip video DVD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +DVD... to rip a video DVD to local +files. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + + + + + +Bootable ISO Images From USB Media + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Startup Disk Creator + + + + + + + +Creating a bootable USB flash drive from an ISO image + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Before continuing on... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/km/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/km/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/km/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/km/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,525 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​មេឌៀ​ជា​មួយ​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ប្រភេទ​មេឌៀ​ ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ គូប៊ុនទូ ព្រម​ទាំង​របៀប​សរសេរ​ចូល​​មេឌៀ​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + + + +សេចក្តីណែនាំ +គូប៊ុនទូ​ គាំទ្រ​ប្រភេទ​មេឌៀ​ជា​ច្រើន​ដែល​មាន​ការដំឡើង​តាម​បែប​ស្តង់ដារ ដូច​ជា ថាស​រឹង​ USB ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក USB ស៊ីឌីរូមខាង​ក្នុង និង​ខាង​ក្រៅ ស៊ីឌី ឌីវីឌី និង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ +គ្រប់​ពេល​ដែល​អ្នក​ភ្ជាប់​មេឌៀ ដូច​ជា​ ស៊ីឌី ឌីវីឌី ថាស​រឹង​ខាង​ក្រៅ ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ USB ឬ​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ធម្មតា គូប៊ុនទូ​ នឹង​ស្គាល់​មេឌៀ​​​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ និង​បង្ហាញ​ការ​ជូន​ដំណឹង​ថា​វា​បាន​ទទួលស្គាល់​មេឌៀនោះ ព្រម​ទាំង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ជ្រើស​រើស​សកម្មភាព​អាស្រ័យ​ទៅ​តាម​ប្រភេទ​មេឌៀ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ ការបញ្ចូល​ស៊ីឌី ឬ​ឌីវីឌី នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ម៉ោន​វាបាន​ ឲ្យ​បើក​ជា​មួយ​ K3b ដើម្បី​ដុត​ បើ​សិន​វា​ទទេ បើក​ជា​មួយ​ Amarok បើ​សិន​វា​ជា​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ស៊ីឌី ឬ​បើក​ជា​មួយ​ កម្មវិធី​ចាក់ Dragon បើ​សិន​វា​ជា​ឌីវីឌី ។ ដើម្បី​មើល​ថា​សកម្មភាព​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​ឬ​អត់​ ចុច​ រូប​តំណាង​មេឌៀ នៅ​ខាង​ឆ្វេង​មេឌៀ​ដែល​បាន​ទទួល​ស្គាល់ ។ + +មេឌៀ​ទទួល​ស្គាល់​ដោយ​ជម្រើស​ជា​ច្រើន + + + + + + + + + + +រូបភាព ISO +រូបភាព​ ISO ជា​ឯកសារ​ក្នុង​ប័ណ្ណសារ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ជា​មួយ​ស៊ីឌី ឬ​ឌីវីឌី ។ គូប៊ុនទូ​ នឹង​ស្គាល់​ឯកសារ​ ISO បន្ទាប់​មក​​ដុត​ទៅ​ក្នុងស៊ីឌី ឌីវីឌី ឬ​សរសេរ​ចូល​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ USB ជា​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែល​អាច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​បាន ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ផ្នែក​ សរសេរ​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ស៊ីឌី ឬ​ឌីវីឌី ឬ​ផ្នែក​​​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការបង្កើត​ រូបភាព​ ISO ដែល​អាច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​​ពី​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ USB ។ + + + +សរសេរ​ចូល​ស៊ីឌី ឬ​ឌីវីឌី +គូប៊ុនទូ​ ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយK3b ដែល​ជា​កម្មវិធី​សរសេរ​ ស៊ីឌី និង​ ឌីវីឌី ។ ជា​មួយ​ K3b អាច​បង្កើត​នូវ​ទិន្នន័យ ឬ​គម្រោង​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ ចម្លង​ ស៊ីឌី ឬ​ ឌីវីឌី ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ ឬក៍​លុប​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​សរសេរ​ឡើង​វិញ​បាន ព្រម​ទាំង​អាច​បម្លែង​ស៊ីឌី​ និង​ ឌីវីឌីរបស់​វីដេអូ និង​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ទៀត​ផង ។ +ចម្លង បង្កើត និង​ដុត +គម្រោង​ទិន្នន័យ​ថ្មី + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ គម្រោង​ទិន្នន័យ​ថ្មី ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម ។ សកម្មភាព​នេះ​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អូស និង​ទម្លាក់​ឯកសារ​ទិន្នន័យ​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ ស៊ីឌី​ ឬ​ ឌីវីឌី ។ នៅ​ពេល​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​អស់​ចប់​ហើយ​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ដុត​ ដើម្បី​សរសេរ​ទិន្នន័យ​ចូល​ថាស ។ + + +គម្រោង​ស៊ីឌី​អូឌីយ៉ូថ្មី + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ គម្រោង​ស៊ីឌី​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ថ្មី ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម ។ សកម្មភាព​នេះ​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អូស និង​ទម្លាក់​ឯកសារ​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង ស៊ីឌី ដែល​អាច​នឹង​ចាក់​​ក្នុង​ស្តេរ៉េអូ​នៅ​តាម​ផ្ទះ ឬ​តាមរថយន្ត ។ នៅ​ពេល​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​អស់​ចប់​ហើយ​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ដុត ដើម្បី​សរសេរ​អូឌីយ៉ូ​ចូល​ថាស ។ + + +ចម្លង​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ចម្លង​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​... ដើម្បី​ចម្លង​ ស៊ីឌី​ មួយ​ទៅកាន់​ ស៊ីឌី​ មួយ​ទៀត ឬ​ចម្លង​ ឌីវីឌី​ មួយ​ ទៅកាន់​ ឌីវីឌី មួយ​ទៀត ។ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដំណើរ​ចម្លង ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ តាម​ធម្មតា ។ + + +ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ ឬ​លុប​ថាស​ដែល​សរសេរ​ឡើង​វិញ​បាន + +ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ ឧបករណ៍​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​/លុប​ថាស​ដែល​អាច​សរសេរ​ឡើង​វិញ​បាន​... ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ ឬ​លុប​ថាសដែល​អាច​សរសេរ​ឡើង​វិញ​បាន ។ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ការ​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ។ + + +ដុត​រូបភាព + +ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឧបករណ៍​ដុត​រូបភាព​... ដើម្បី​ដុត​រូបភាព​ISO ចូល ស៊ីឌី ឬ​ ឌីវីឌី ។ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដុត ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ។ + + +បម្លែង​ស៊ីឌី​អូឌីយ៉ូ + +ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ ឧបករណ៍បម្លែង​ស៊ីឌីអូឌីយ៉ូ... ដើម្បី​បម្លែង​ ស៊ីឌី អូឌីយ៉ូ​ទៅ​ជា​ឯកសារ​ក្នុង​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ Ogg, MP3 ឬ​ជា​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​អ្នក​ជ្រើស ។ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​បម្លែង ចុច ប៊ូតុង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម ​។ + + +បម្លែង​ស៊ីឌី​វីដេអូ + +ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឧបករណ៍​បម្លែង​ស៊ីឌី​វីដេអូ... ដើម្បី​បម្លែង​ ស៊ីឌី វីដេអូ​ជា​ឯកសារ​មូលដ្ឋាន ។ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​បម្លែង​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ។ + + +បម្លែង​ឌីវីឌីវីដេអូ + +ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ ឧបករណ៍បម្លែង​ឌីវីឌីវីដេអូ... ដើម្បី​បម្លែង​ឌីវីឌី វីដេអូ​ជា​ឯកសារ​មូលដ្ឋាន ។ ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​បម្លែង​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ។ + + + + + + +រូបភាព​ ISO ដែល​អាច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​បាន​ពី​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ USB +គូប៊ុនទូ ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ កម្មវិធី​សរសេរ​ថាស​នៅ​ពេល​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ។ កម្មវិធី​នេះ​គឺ​សម្រាប់​បង្កើត​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ USB ដែល​អាច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​បាន ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ គូប៊ុនទូ អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ឬ​ការចែក​ចាយ​លីនុច​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + +កម្មវិធី​សរសេរ​ថាស​នៅ​ពេល​ចាប់​ផ្តើម + + + + + + + +បង្កើត​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ USB ដែល​អាច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​បាន​ពីរូបភាព​ ISO + +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​សរសេរ​ថាស​នៅ​ពេលចាប់​ផ្តើម​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​កម្មវិធី​សរសេរ​ថាស​នៅ​ពេល​ចាប់​ផ្តើម ។ + + +ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ផ្សេង​ទៀត... ដើម្បី​បើក​ប្រអប់ ជ្រើស​រូប​ភាព​ ISO ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង យល់​ព្រម​ ដើម្បី​បិទ​ប្រអប់​ជ្រើស​រូប​ភាព​ ISO ។ + + +បើ​ឧបករណ៍ផ្ទុក​ USB មិន​បង្ហាញ​ ទំហំ​ទំនេរ​ ទេ បន្លិច​ឧបករណ៍ រួច​ ចុច​ ប៊ូតុង​ ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ ។ +មុន​នឹង​បន្ត... +បើ ក្រោយ​ពី​បាន​ធ្វើ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ហើយ ឧបករណ៍​នៅតែ​មិន​បង្ហាញ​ ទំហំ​ទំនេរ ទៀត យក​ល្អ​ត្រូវ​បិទ​ កម្មវិធី​សរសេរ​ថាស​នៅ​ពេល​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ បន្ទាប់​មក​យក​ឧបករណ៍​ចេញ​ដោយ​ដៃ ។ បន្ទាប់ពីបាន​យកវា​ចេញ​ដោយ​ដៃ​ហើយ រង់ចាំ​ពីរបីវិនាទី រួច​បញ្ចួល​ថាស​ទៅក្នុង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​វិញ ។ បើក​ កម្មវិធី​សរសេរ​ថាស​នៅ​ពេល​ចាប់​ផ្តើម និង​បន្ត​ដោយ​អនុវត្ត​តាម​ជំហាន​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ។ + + + +មាន​ជម្រើស​ពីរ​សម្រាប់បង្កើត​ថាស​នៅ​ពេលចាប់​ផ្តើម ។ ជ្រើស​ រក្សា​ទុក​ក្នុង​ទំហំ​ដែល​បម្រុង​​ បើ​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​USB នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ដំណើរ​ការ​ផ្ទាល់​លើ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ ប្រើ​គ្រាប់​រំកិល​ ដើម្បី​ជ្រើសទំហំ​ផ្ទុក ។ ជម្រើស​មួយ​ទៀត​គឺ​ បោះ​បង់​ចោល​នៅ​ពេល​បិទ បើ​អ្នក​រក្សា​ទុក​ពួក​វា​នៅ​កន្លែង​​ផ្សេង​ នឹង​មិន​រក្សា​ទុក​ទិន្នន័យ​នៅ​លើ​ឧបករណ៍​ទេ ។ ប្រើ​ជម្រើស បើ​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ USB ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​តែ​ការដំឡើង​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដំណើរ​ការ​ ចុច​ បង្កើត​ថាស​នៅ​ពេលចាប់​ផ្តើម ។ + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/oc/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/oc/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/oc/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/oc/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:08.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,634 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Media Management With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information concerning the types of media that can be +used with Kubuntu as well as how to write to the media. + + + + + +Introduccion + +Kubuntu supports many types of media with a standard installation, including +USB hard drives, USB flash drives, internal and external CDROMs, CDs, DVDs, and +more. + + +Most of the time, when attaching media such as a CD, DVD, external hard +drive, USB flash drive, or compact flash drives, Kubuntu automatically +recognizes the media, displays a notification that it has recognized the media, +and allows for an action to be selected depending on the type of media it is. +For instance, inserting a CD or DVD would allow for it to be mounted, opened +with K3b for burning if it is blank, opened with +Amarok if it is an audio CD, or opened with +Dragon Player if it is a DVD. To +see the actions available, click the media icon to +the left of the media that has been recognized. + + +Media recognized with options + + + + + + + + + + +imatges ISO + +An ISO image is an archive file that is formatted to be used +with CDs or DVDs. Kubuntu is easily acquired as an ISO file +and then burned to either a CD, DVD, or written to a USB flash drive in a +bootable format. Review the Write to CDs or +DVDs section or the section on creating Bootable ISO +Images From USB Media for further information. + + + + +Write to CDs or DVDs + +Kubuntu ships with K3b, a CD and +DVD creator. With K3b, it is +possible to create a data or audio project, copy a CD or +DVD, format or erase a rewritable disk, as well as rip audio +and video CD' and DVD's. + +Copy, create, and burn +New data project + + +Click the New Data Project +button to get started. This action allows data file drag-and-drop onto a +CD or DVD. When all files have been +copied over, press the Burn button to write the +data to the disk. + + + +New audio CD project + + +Click the New Audio CD Project +button to get started. This action allows audio file drag-and-drop onto a +CD that can be played in a home stereo or automobile. +When all files have been copied over, press the Burn +button to write the audio to the disk. + + + +Copy medium + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Format or erase rewritable disk + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Burn image + + +Go to ToolsBurn +Image... to burn an ISO image to a +CD or DVD. To start the burn, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Rip video DVD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +DVD... to rip a video DVD to local +files. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + + + + + +Bootable ISO Images From USB Media + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Creator de disc d'aviada + + + + + + + +Creating a bootable USB flash drive from an ISO image + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Before continuing on... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/pt_BR/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/pt_BR/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/pt_BR/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/pt_BR/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,525 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gerenciamento de Mídia Com <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento fornece informações acerca dos tipos de mídia que podem ser usados com o Kubuntu e sobre como escrever nestas mídias. + + + + +Introdução +O Kubuntu oferece suporte a diversos tipos de mídias a partir de uma instalação padrão, incluindo discos rígidos USB, unidades flash USB, CDROMs, CDs, DVDs internos e externos e outros mais. +Na maior parte do tempo, ao conectar mídias como CDs, DVDs, discos rígidos externos, unidades flash USB, ou unidades flash compactas, o Kubuntu automaticamente reconhece a mídia, mostra uma notificação de que a mídia foi reconhecida, e permite que uma ação seja selecionada dependendo do tipo de mídia que seja. Por exemplo, ao inserir um CD ou DVD, é permitido que ele seja montado, aberto com o K3b para ser gravado, caso seja uma mídia virgem, aberto com o Amarok caso seja um CD de áudio, ou aberto com o reprodutor Dragonr se for um DVD. Para ver as ações disponíveis, clique no ícone de mídia à esquerda da mídia que foi reconhecida. + +Mídia reconhecida com opções + + + + + + + + + + +Imagens ISO +Uma imagem ISO é um arquivo de armazenamento formatado para ser usado com CDs ou DVDs. O Kubuntu é facilmente adquirido como um arquivo ISO e então gravado como CD, DVD, ou então escrito em uma unidade flash USB em um formato inicializável. Leia a seção Gravar CDs ou DVDs ou a seção sobre criar Imagens ISO Inicializáveis a Partir de Mídias USB para maiores informações. + + + +Gravar em CDs ou DVDs +O Kubuntu vem instalado com o K3b, um criador de CD e DVD. Com o K3b, é possível criar projetos de dados ou de áudio, copiar CDs ou DVDs, formatar ou apagar discos regraváveis, assim como extrair CDs e DVDs de áudio e vídeo. +Copie, crie, e grave +Novo projeto de dados + +Clique o botão Novo Projeto de Dados para começar. Esta ação permite que arquivos de dados sejam arrastados-e-soltos em um CD ou DVD. Quando todos os arquivos tiverem sido copiados, aperte o botão Gravar para gravar os dados no disco. + + +Novo projeto de CD de áudio + +Clique o botão Novo Projeto de CD de Áudio para começar. Esta ação permite que os arquivos de áudio sejam arrastados-e-soltos em um CD que pode ser reproduzido em um aparelho de som caseiro ou automativo. Quando todos os arquivos tiverem sido copiados, aperte o botão Gravar para gravar o áudio no disco. + + +Copiar mídia + +Clique o botão Copiar Mídia... para copiar um CD para outro CD ou copiar um DVD para outro DVD. Para iniciar o processo e cópia, simplesmente clique o botão Iniciar. + + +Formatar ou apagar disco regravável + +Vá para FerramentasFormatar/Apagar disco regravável... para formatar ou apagar um disco regravável. Para iniciar a formatação, clique no botão Iniciar. + + +Gravar imagem + +Vá para FerramentasGravar Imagem... para gravar uma imagem ISO em um CD ou DVD. Para iniciar a gravação, clique o botão Iniciar. + + +Extrair CD de áudio + +Vá para FerramentasExtrair CD de Áudio... para extrair o áudio de um CD para arquivos em Ogg, MP3, ou algum outro formato que você escolher. Para começar a extrair, clique o botão Iniciar. + + +Extrair CD de vídeo + +Vá para FerramentasExtrair CD de Vídeo... para extrair vídeos de um CD na forma de um arquivo local. Para começar a extrair, + + +Extrair DVD de vídeo + +Vá para FerramentasExtrair DVD de Vídeo... para extrair um DVD de vídeo na forma de arquivos locais. Para começar a extrair, clique o botão Iniciar. + + + + + + +Imagens ISO Inicializáveis a Partir de Mídias USB +O Kubuntu vem incluso com a aplicação Criador de Disco Inicializável. Esta aplicação cria unidades flash USB inicializáveis, usadas para a instalação do Kubuntu, Ubuntu, ou outras distribuições Linux. + +Criador de discos de inicialização + + + + + + + +Criando uma unidade flash USB inicializável a partir de uma imagem ISO + +Abra o Criador de Discos de Inicialização indo para Lançador de Aplicativo de PartidaAplicativosSistemaCriador de Discos de Inicialização. + + +Clique o botão Outro... para abrir a janela de diálogo e selecionar a imagem ISO adequada, clique o botão OK para fechar a janela de diálogo de seleção de ISO. + + +Se a unidade flash USB não mostrar qualquer Espaço Livre, selecione o dispositivo e Clique no botão Formatar. +Antes de prosseguir... +Se, após a formatação, o dispositivo ainda não estiver mostrando nenhum Espaço Livre, pode ser necessário fechar o Criador de Discos de Inicialização, e remover fisicamente o dispositivo. Depois de removê-lo fisicamente, aguarde alguns segundos e volte a inseri-lo no computador. Abra o Criador de Discos de Inicialização e siga as seguintes etapas. + + + +Há duas opções para criar o disco de inicialização. Selecione Armazenado em espaço extra reservado se a unidade flash USB será usada para executar a área de trabalho ativa do Kubuntu. Utilize a barra deslizante para selecionar a quantidade de espaço de armazenagem. A outra opção, Descartados ao desligar, a menos que sejam salvos em outro lugar não irá armazenar dados no dispositivo. Utilize esta opção se a unidade flash USB for usada apenas para instalar a área de trabalho Kubuntu. + + +Para iniciar o processo, clique em Criar Disco de Inicialização. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/ru/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/ru/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/ru/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/ru/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,603 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Управление носителями информации в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Настоящий документ содержит информацию о типах носителей информации, которые могут быть использованы в Kubuntu, а также о том, как осуществлять запись на них. + + + + +Введение +Kubuntu, при стандартной установки, поддерживает различные виды носителей информации, в том числе USB жесткие диски, USB флэш-диски, внутренние и внешние приводы, CD, DVD и многое другое. +При подключении носителей информации, таких как CD, DVD, внешних жестких дисков, USB флэш-дисков или флэш-накопителей, Kubuntu автоматически распознает носитель, отобразит уведомление, и предложит действия, которые могут быть выбраны в зависимости от типа носителя. Например, вставив CD или DVD предложит, чтобы подключить его; открыт в K3b для записи, если он пустой; открыть в Amarok, если он аудио CD; или открыть в Dragon Player, если он DVD. Для просмотра доступных действий, нажмите на значок устройства, слева от носителя, который был распознан. + +Распознание носителя с опциями + + + + + + + + + + +ISO образы +ISO образ - это архивный файл, который отформатирован для использования на компакт-дисках или DVD-дисках. В Kubuntu легко создать ISO файл, а затем записать на CD, DVD, или на USB Flash в загрузочный формате. Смотрите разделы для получения дополнительной информации: Запись компакт-дисков или DVD-дисков или для создания Загрузочного USB носителя с ISO-образа. + + + +Запись компакт-дисков или DVD-дисков +Kubuntu поставляется с K3b, программой для записи CD и DVD. С K3b, можно создать проект с данными или аудио проект, копировать CD или DVD, отформатировать или стереть перезаписываемый диск, а также скопировать аудио и видео CD и DVD. +Копирование, создание и запись +Новый проект с данными + + +Click the New Data Project +button to get started. This action allows data file drag-and-drop onto a +CD or DVD. When all files have been +copied over, press the Burn button to write the +data to the disk. + + + +New audio CD project + + +Click the New Audio CD Project +button to get started. This action allows audio file drag-and-drop onto a +CD that can be played in a home stereo or automobile. +When all files have been copied over, press the Burn +button to write the audio to the disk. + + + +Copy medium + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Format or erase rewritable disk + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Burn image + + +Go to ToolsBurn +Image... to burn an ISO image to a +CD or DVD. To start the burn, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Rip video DVD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +DVD... to rip a video DVD to local +files. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + + + + + +Bootable ISO Images From USB Media + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Startup Disk Creator + + + + + + + +Creating a bootable USB flash drive from an ISO image + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Before continuing on... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/sk/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/sk/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/sk/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/sk/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,634 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Media Management With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information concerning the types of media that can be +used with Kubuntu as well as how to write to the media. + + + + + +Introduction + +Kubuntu supports many types of media with a standard installation, including +USB hard drives, USB flash drives, internal and external CDROMs, CDs, DVDs, and +more. + + +Most of the time, when attaching media such as a CD, DVD, external hard +drive, USB flash drive, or compact flash drives, Kubuntu automatically +recognizes the media, displays a notification that it has recognized the media, +and allows for an action to be selected depending on the type of media it is. +For instance, inserting a CD or DVD would allow for it to be mounted, opened +with K3b for burning if it is blank, opened with +Amarok if it is an audio CD, or opened with +Dragon Player if it is a DVD. To +see the actions available, click the media icon to +the left of the media that has been recognized. + + +Media recognized with options + + + + + + + + + + +ISO Images + +An ISO image is an archive file that is formatted to be used +with CDs or DVDs. Kubuntu is easily acquired as an ISO file +and then burned to either a CD, DVD, or written to a USB flash drive in a +bootable format. Review the Write to CDs or +DVDs section or the section on creating Bootable ISO +Images From USB Media for further information. + + + + +Write to CDs or DVDs + +Kubuntu ships with K3b, a CD and +DVD creator. With K3b, it is +possible to create a data or audio project, copy a CD or +DVD, format or erase a rewritable disk, as well as rip audio +and video CD' and DVD's. + +Copy, create, and burn +New data project + + +Click the New Data Project +button to get started. This action allows data file drag-and-drop onto a +CD or DVD. When all files have been +copied over, press the Burn button to write the +data to the disk. + + + +New audio CD project + + +Click the New Audio CD Project +button to get started. This action allows audio file drag-and-drop onto a +CD that can be played in a home stereo or automobile. +When all files have been copied over, press the Burn +button to write the audio to the disk. + + + +Copy medium + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Format or erase rewritable disk + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Burn image + + +Go to ToolsBurn +Image... to burn an ISO image to a +CD or DVD. To start the burn, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Rip video DVD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +DVD... to rip a video DVD to local +files. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + + + + + +Bootable ISO Images From USB Media + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Startup Disk Creator + + + + + + + +Creating a bootable USB flash drive from an ISO image + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Before continuing on... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/sr/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/sr/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/sr/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/sr/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,634 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Media Management With <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information concerning the types of media that can be +used with Kubuntu as well as how to write to the media. + + + + + +Introduction + +Kubuntu supports many types of media with a standard installation, including +USB hard drives, USB flash drives, internal and external CDROMs, CDs, DVDs, and +more. + + +Most of the time, when attaching media such as a CD, DVD, external hard +drive, USB flash drive, or compact flash drives, Kubuntu automatically +recognizes the media, displays a notification that it has recognized the media, +and allows for an action to be selected depending on the type of media it is. +For instance, inserting a CD or DVD would allow for it to be mounted, opened +with K3b for burning if it is blank, opened with +Amarok if it is an audio CD, or opened with +Dragon Player if it is a DVD. To +see the actions available, click the media icon to +the left of the media that has been recognized. + + +Media recognized with options + + + + + + + + + + +ISO Images + +An ISO image is an archive file that is formatted to be used +with CDs or DVDs. Kubuntu is easily acquired as an ISO file +and then burned to either a CD, DVD, or written to a USB flash drive in a +bootable format. Review the Write to CDs or +DVDs section or the section on creating Bootable ISO +Images From USB Media for further information. + + + + +Write to CDs or DVDs + +Kubuntu ships with K3b, a CD and +DVD creator. With K3b, it is +possible to create a data or audio project, copy a CD or +DVD, format or erase a rewritable disk, as well as rip audio +and video CD' and DVD's. + +Copy, create, and burn +New data project + + +Click the New Data Project +button to get started. This action allows data file drag-and-drop onto a +CD or DVD. When all files have been +copied over, press the Burn button to write the +data to the disk. + + + +New audio CD project + + +Click the New Audio CD Project +button to get started. This action allows audio file drag-and-drop onto a +CD that can be played in a home stereo or automobile. +When all files have been copied over, press the Burn +button to write the audio to the disk. + + + +Copy medium + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Format or erase rewritable disk + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Burn image + + +Go to ToolsBurn +Image... to burn an ISO image to a +CD or DVD. To start the burn, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Rip video DVD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +DVD... to rip a video DVD to local +files. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + + + + + +Bootable ISO Images From USB Media + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Startup Disk Creator + + + + + + + +Creating a bootable USB flash drive from an ISO image + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Before continuing on... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/sv/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/sv/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/sv/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/sv/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,609 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Mediahantering med <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument tillhandahåller information om olika typer av enheter som kan användas i Kubuntu samt hur man skriver till dessa enheter. + + + + +Introduktion +Kubuntu stöder med en standardinstallation flera typer av enheter, inklusive USB-hårddiskar, USB-flashenheter, interna och externa CD-rom, CD, DVD och fler. + +Most of the time, when attaching media such as a CD, DVD, external hard +drive, USB flash drive, or compact flash drives, Kubuntu automatically +recognizes the media, displays a notification that it has recognized the media, +and allows for an action to be selected depending on the type of media it is. +For instance, inserting a CD or DVD would allow for it to be mounted, opened +with K3b for burning if it is blank, opened with +Amarok if it is an audio CD, or opened with +Dragon Player if it is a DVD. To +see the actions available, click the media icon to +the left of the media that has been recognized. + + +Media recognized with options + + + + + + + + + + +ISO avbilder + +An ISO image is an archive file that is formatted to be used +with CDs or DVDs. Kubuntu is easily acquired as an ISO file +and then burned to either a CD, DVD, or written to a USB flash drive in a +bootable format. Review the Write to CDs or +DVDs section or the section on creating Bootable ISO +Images From USB Media for further information. + + + + +Skriv till CD eller DVD +Kubuntu levereras med K3b, en CD och DVD skapare. Med K3b, är det möjligt att skapa ett data- eller ljud-projek, kopiera en CD eller DVD, formatera eller radera en omskrivningsbar disk, samt rippa ljud och video CD och DVD. +Kopiera, skapa och bränn +Nytt dataprojekt + +Klicka på knappen Nytt dataprojekt för att börja. Denna åtgärd gör att du kan dra och släppa datafiler till en CD eller DVD. När alla filer har kopierats över, tryck på knappen Bränn för att skriva filerna till disken. + + +Nytt ljud-CD projekt + +Klicka på knappen Nytt ljud-CD projekt för att börja. Denna åtgärd gör att du kan dra och släppa ljudfiler till en CD som kan spelas i en hemma- eller bil-stereo. När alla filer har kopierats över, tryck på knappen Bränn för att skriva filerna till disken. + + +Copy medium + + +Click the Copy Medium... +button to to copy a CD to a CD or copy a +DVD to a DVD. To start the copying +process, simply click the +Start button. + + + +Format or erase rewritable disk + + +Go to ToolsFormat/Erase rewritable +disk... to format or erase a rewritable disk. To +start the formatting, click the +Start button. + + + +Bränn avbildning + + +Go to ToolsBurn +Image... to burn an ISO image to a +CD or DVD. To start the burn, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip audio CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Audio +CD... to rip an audio CD to files +in Ogg, MP3, or other format that you choose. To start the rip, +click the Start button. + + + +Rip video CD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +CD... to rip a video CD as a local +file. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + +Rip video DVD + + +Go to ToolsRip Video +DVD... to rip a video DVD to local +files. To start the rip, click the +Start button. + + + + + + + +Botbar ISO-avbild från USB-media + +Kubuntu ships with the application Startup Disk +Creator. This application for the creation of a bootable +USB flash drive to install Kubuntu, Ubuntu, or other Linux +distributions. + + +Skapa uppstartsdisk + + + + + + + +Creating a bootable USB flash drive from an ISO image + + +Open Startup Disk Creator by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemStartup Disk Creator. + + + + +Click the Other... button to +open the dialog to select the proper ISO image, +click the OK +button to close the ISO selection dialog. + + + + +If the USB flash drive doesn't show any Free +Space, highlight the device and Click the +Format button. + +Before continuing on... + +If, after formatting, the device is still not showing any Free +Space, it may be necessary to close out of Startup Disk +Creator, and then physically remove the device. After physically +removing it, wait a few seconds and then insert it back into the computer. Open +Startup Disk Creator and continue with the following +steps. + + + + + +There are two options for making the startup disk. Select Stored in +reserved extra space if the USB flash drive will +be used to run the Kubuntu desktop live. Use the slider to select the amount +of storage space. The other option, Discarded on shutdown, unless you +save them elsewhere will not store data on the device. Use this +selection if the USB flash drive is only for installing the +Kubuntu desktop. + + + + +To start the process, click the Make +Startup Disk. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/uk/media.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/uk/media.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/media/uk/media.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/media/uk/media.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,525 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Керування носіями з даними у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено відомості щодо типів носіїв даних, якими можна користуватися за допомогою Kubuntu, а також способів запису даних на ці носії. + + + + +Вступ +У стандартному комплекті Kubuntu передбачено можливість роботи з багатьма типами носіїв даних, зокрема жорсткими дисками з USB-з’єднанням, флеш-дисками USB, вбудованими та портативними CDROM, компакт-дисками, DVD тощо. +Kubuntu здатна автоматично розпізнати більшість носіїв даних, зокрема компакт-дисків, DVD, зовнішніх жорстких дисків, флеш-дисків USB або карток пам’яті. Після розпізнавання програма показує сповіщення щодо розпізнавання носія і надає вам змогу вибрати дію зі списку, вміст якого залежить від типу носія. Наприклад, якщо буде вставлено компакт-диск або DVD, у меню будуть пункти монтування носіїв, відкриття їх за допомогою K3b для запису, якщо диск був порожнім, відкриття за допомогою Amarok, якщо це звуковий компакт-диск, або відкриття за допомогою Dragon Player, якщо це відео-DVD. Щоб переглянути список можливих дій, натисніть піктограму носія, розташовану ліворуч від пункту носія у списку. + +Різновиди носіїв + + + + + + + + + + +Образи ISO +Образ ISO — це файл архіву, формату, придатного для запису на компакт-диски або DVD. Kubuntu можна легко дістати у форматі файла ISO, а потім записати на компакт-диск, DVD або флеш-диск USB для наступного завантаження системи з записаного носія. Докладніші відомості можна отримати з розділу Запис на компакт-диски або DVD або з розділу Образи ISO для завантаження з флеш-носіїв USB. + + + +Запис на компакт-диски і DVD +До складу Kubuntu включено програму K3b, призначену для запису компакт-дисків та DVD. За допомогою K3b ви зможете створити проект зі звичайними або цифровими даними, скопіювати компакт-диск або DVD, форматувати або витерти диск, призначений для багаторазового запису, а також видобути звукові та відео дані з компакт-дисків та DVD. +Копіювання, створення і запис +Створення проекту з даними + +Натисніть кнопку Новий проект запису даних, щоб розпочати створення проекту. Цю ж дію можна виконати перетягуванням зі скиданням файла даних на позначку компакт-диска або DVD. Коли всі файли буде додано до проекту, натисніть кнопку Записати, щоб записати дані на диск. + + +Створення проекту звукового компакт-диска + +Натисніть кнопку Новий проект аудіо-КД, щоб розпочати створення проекту. Цю ж дію можна виконати перетягуванням зі скиданням файла звукових даних на позначку компакт-диска, дані з якого можна буде відтворити у домашньому або автомобільному програвачі. Коли всі файли буде додано до проекту, натисніть кнопку Записати, щоб записати звукові дані на диск. + + +Копіювання носія + +Натисніть кнопку Копіювати носій..., що скопіювати дані з компакт-диска на інший компакт-диск або скопіювати дані DVD на інший DVD. Щоб розпочати процес копіювання, просто натисніть кнопку Почати. + + +Форматування або витирання диска, призначеного для перезапису + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню ІнструментиФорматувати/Стерти RW-диск..., щоб відкрити вікно форматування або витирання диска, призначеного для перезапису. Розпочати форматування можна натисканням кнопки Почати. + + +Запис образу + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню ІнструментиЗаписати штамп..., щоб записати образ ISO (штамп) на компакт-диск або DVD. Розпочати запис можна натисканням кнопки Почати. + + +Видобування даних зі звукового компакт-диска + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню ІнструментиВидобування даних з аудіо-КД..., щоб видобувати дані зі звукового компакт-диска до файлів у форматі Ogg, MP3 або іншому вказаному вами форматі. Розпочати видобування даних можна натисканням кнопки Почати. + + +Видобування даних з компакт-диска з відео + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню ІнструментиВидобування даних з відео-КД..., щоб видобувати дані з компакт-диска з відеоданими до локального файла. Розпочати видобування даних можна натисканням кнопки Почати. + + +Видобування даних з відео-DVD + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню ІнструментиВидобування даних з відео-DVD, щоб видобувати дані з DVD з відеоданими до локальних файлів. Розпочати видобування даних можна натисканням кнопки Почати. + + + + + + +Образи ISO для завантаження з флеш-носіїв USB +До складу типового комплекту Kubuntu входить програма Створення дисків для запуску (Startup Disk Creator). Цю програму призначено для створення придатних до завантаження флеш-дисків USB для встановлення Kubuntu, Ubuntu або інших дистрибутивів Linux. + +Startup Disk Creator + + + + + + + +Створення придатного до завантаження флеш-диска USB на основі образу ISO + +Відкрийте вікно програми Startup Disk Creator за допомогою пункту меню інструменту запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаStartup Disk Creator. + + +Натисніть кнопку Other... (Інше), щоб відкрити діалогове вікно вибору належного образу ISO, натисніть кнопку OK (Гаразд), щоб закрити діалогове вікно вибору ISO. + + +Якщо система сигналізує про те, що на флеш-диску USB не залишилося вільного місця, позначте пункт пристрою і натисніть кнопку Format (Форматувати). +Перш ніж продовжувати... +Якщо після форматування система показуватиме що на диску зовсім немає вільного місця, ймовірно, вам слід закрити вікно Startup Disk Creator і вийняти диск з пристрою читання. Після цього зачекайте декілька секунд і знову вставте диск до комп’ютера. Відкрийте вікно Startup Disk Creator і спробуйте виконати наведену нижче послідовність кроків. + + + +Ви можете скористатися одним з двох варіантів створення диска для завантаження системи. Виберіть варіант Stored in reserved extra space (збереження на зарезервованому додатковому просторі), якщо флеш-диск USB буде використано для запуску портативної версії Kubuntu. За допомогою повзунка ви можете вказати об’єм відведеного на систему простору на диску. Іншим варіантом є Discarded on shutdown, unless you save them elsewhere (відкинути при завершенні роботи системи, якщо дані не буде збережено у іншому місці). Якщо буде використано останній варіант, дані не буде збережено на пристрої. Скористайтеся цим варіантом, якщо флеш-диск USB буде використано лише для встановлення операційної системи Kubuntu. + + +Щоб розпочати процес, натисніть кнопку Make Startup Disk (Створити диск для запуску). + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/de/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/de/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/de/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/de/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + +Das Dokument erklärt die Besonderheiten des Kubuntu Netbookt Remix (KNR), der Nutzerschnittstelle und andere Änderungen gegenüber dem Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + +Einleitung + +Willkommen beim Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04 - Ausgabe Lucid Lynx. Der KNR wurde für Netbook-Computer entworfen, für die Bildschirme kleiner als 10" typisch sind und die keine optische Medien besitzen. Er wurde mit dem Ziel entworfen die Festplattenaktivität gering zu halten. + + + + + +Überblick + +KNR versucht auf die besonderen Bedürfnisse der Netbook-Gemeinschaft einzugehen. Vom eingebauten 3G-Modem bis hin zur Auflösung für kleinere Bildschirme ist es auf das Ziel ausgerichtet die Arbeit für jeden Nutzer zu vereinfachen und schneller zu machen. + +Aufbauend auf der KDE Plasma Netbook-Umgebung hat der KNR zwei Haupt-Arbeitsflächen - eine für Anwendungen und eine für Plasma-Miniprogramme. Eine Leiste am oberen Bildschirmrand ist beiden Arbeitsflächen gemeinsam. Das Umschalten zwischen den Arbeitsflächen wird mit einem Miniprogramm am linken Ende der Leiste erreicht. + + + +Arbeitsfläche für Programme + +Die Benutzeroberfläche unterscheidet sich von anderen Netbook-Umgebungen. Jede Anwendungs-Kategorie wird mit etwas Raum unter der Kontrollleiste angezeigt. Für das Ändern des Aussehens der Oberfläche oder um Miniprogramme zu bewegen, gibt es einen kleinen Reiter am oberen rechten Rand. Ein Klick hierauf öffnet ein Menü welches Änderungen erlaubt und ebenfalls die Positionierung der Miniprogramme freigibt. + +Während man durch eine Programm-Kategorie blättert erscheint oben links ein „Home"-Symbol, das einen zur Übersichts-Seite zurück bringt. + +Der Stern an der Ecke der Programmsymbole markiert Programme als Favoriten. Ein Programm das als Favorit markiert wurde, erscheint im Lesezeichen-Menü und ist einfacher erreichbar. Wenn das Menü voll ist, kann man mit Hilfe von Pfeilen an den Seiten darin blättern. + + + + + +Tageszeitungs-Arbeitsfläche + +Das Aktivitäts-Wechseln Miniprogramm, welches vorhin erwähnt wurde ermöglicht es zur Tageszeitungs-Aktivität zu wechseln. Tageszeitung ist eine einfache Arbeitsfläche mit einer handvoll Miniprogramme. Alle Miniprogramme sind an- und abwählbar. Es gibt bereits viele Miniprogramme vorhanden und weitere werden von der KDE-Gemeinschaft erstellt (www.kde.look.org). + +Da Miniprogramme derzeit nicht in ihrer Größe verändert werden können im KNR, erscheinen sie in zwei Spalten. Wenn weitere Miniprogramme hinzukommen, erscheint auf der rechten Seite ein Rollbalken, sodass alle Miniprogramme angesehen werden können. + + + + +Arbeiten mit Miniprogrammen + +Um Miniprogramme zu bewegen gehen Sie zur Tageszeitungs-Arbeitsfläche und klicken Sie auf den Tageszeitungs-Reiter auf der rechten Seite des Bildschirms. Selbiger wird daraufhin etwas dunkler, wie wenn ein Schatten darauf fällt. Wird die Maus über den Bildschirm bewegt, dann wird jedes Miniprogramm hervorgehoben. Klicken Sie auf das Miniprogramm und bewegen Sie es zur gewünschten Position. + +Ein Klick auf den Tageszeitungs-Reiter bringt die Arbeitsfläche in den normalen Modus zurück und der Bildschirm wird wieder gleichbleibend hell. Falls der Bildschirm scheinbar im Editiermodus hängen bleibt, klicken Sie auf den Tageszeitungs-Reiter, worauf die Arbeitsfläche wieder angezeigt wird. + +Um ein Miniprogramm hinzuzufügen klicken Sie auf den Tageszeitungs-Reiter und danach auf „Miniprogramm hinzufügen...". Danach können Miniprogramme aus der angezeigten Liste ausgewählt und hinzugefügt werden. Ein Klick auf „Neue Miniprogramme hinzufügen" zeigt ein Menü, welches die Auswahlmöglichkeiten „Miniprogramm aus einer lokalen Datei installieren" oder „Miniprogramm herunterladen" beinhaltet. + +Die folgende Prozedur zeigt, wie man ein Miniprogramm aus einer Datei installiert. + + + + +Wählen Sie „Miniprogramm: Reines Plasma Miniprogramm", danach Klick auf "Weiter". + + + +Wählen Sie die Miniprogramm-Datei aus und drücken Sie auf „Fertig". + + + + +Nachdem die Miniprogramm-Datei installiert wurde kann Sie der Arbeitsfläche hinzugefügt werden. + +Um ein neues Miniprogramm herunterzuladen, klicken Sie auf "Neues Miniprogramm herunterladen". Daraufhin wird eine Auswahlfläche geöffnet, die die zur Verfügung stehenden Miniprogramme auflistet. Folgen Sie der Anleitung zum Auswählen im Dialog, installieren und fügen Sie das Miniprogramm danach der Arbeitsfläche hinzu. + + + +Die Arbeitsfläche anpassen + +Einige Nutzer wünschen vielleicht das Thema und den Hintergrund für jede Arbeitsfläche zu ändern. Anwendungen und Tageszeitung sind separate Arbeitsflächenumgebungen, womit jede einen eigenen Hintergrund haben kann. + +Um die Tageszeitungs-Arbeitsfläche anzupassen (auch als Aktivität bezeichnet), beginnen Sie indem Sie in dem Tageszeitung-Reiter rechts auf „Tageszeitungs-Aktivitäts Einstellungen" klicken. + +Vier Arten von Tageszeitungs-Aktivitäten sind mit einer Kurzbeschreibung aufgeführt. + + + + +Arbeitsfläche + + + +Ordner-Ansicht + + + +Container für Suchen und Ausführen + + + +Tageszeitungs-Aktivität + + + + +Ein Design kann aus dem Auswahlmenü gewählt werden oder wie bei Miniprogrammen mit dem Designwähler. Nachdem ein Design installiert worden ist, ist es benutzbar und wird im Auswahlmenü angezeigt. + +Für Desktophintergründe nutzt man denselben Weg. Ein installiertes Bild kann ausgewählt oder ein neues kann heruntergeladen und installiert werden. Weiter gibt es auch einen Farbwähler. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/es/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/es/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/es/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/es/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica la interfaz de usuario de Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) y otros cambios del escritorio de Kubuntu. + + + + +Introducción + +Bienvenido/a a Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, versión Lucid Lynx. KNR se ha diseñado para equipos netbook con pantallas de normalmente 10 pulgadas o menos sin controladores ópticos. Está diseñado para correr en sistemas con una capacidad de disco duro reducida. + + + + + +Descripción general + +KNR apunta a satisfacer los requerimientos únicos de la comunidad usuaria de netbooks. Desde un módem 3G integrado hasta la resolución para una pantalla más pequeña, está diseñado para hacer el uso del equipo más rápido y simple para cada tipo de usuario. + +Construido desde el intérprete de KDE Plasma Netbook. KNR tiene dos escritorios principales - uno es para las aplicaciones y otro para los Plasma Widgets. Un panel en la parte superior de la pantalla es común entre los escritorios. el cambio entre los escritorios se ejecuta con un widget a la izquierda del panel + + + +Aplicaciones de escritorio + +La interfaz de usuario difiere en otros netbook. cada categoría de la aplicación es desplegada con un área en blanco justo debajo del panel. Para cambiar el diseño de la interfaz o mover los widgets, allí esta una pequeña pestaña en la parte superior derecha de la pantalla. haciendo clic en esa pestaña presenta un menú, que permite cambios y también desbloquea la ubicación de los widgets. + +Mientras se visualizan las categorías de las aplicaciones, un botón etiquetado «Home» aparecerá en la parte superior izquierda del escritorio. haciendo clic en el icono Home retorna a la categoría de la aplicación. + +Hay una estrella amarilla en la esquina superior izquierda de los iconos de aplicación. Pulsando en la estrella, marcamos la aplicación como Favorita. Esto hace que el icono de aplicación aparezca en el área anteriormente en blanco, justo debajo del Panel, creando un menú de Favoritos. Cuando hay más de un favorito en el menú, este puede ser ajustado pulsando en el triángulo en forma de flechas de cada lado. + + + + + +Escritorio de noticias + +El widget de cambio de escritorios mencionado previamente hace posible seleccionar el ambiente de escritorio de Periódico. Periódico es un escritorio sencillo con una variedad de widgets. Todos los widgets son opcionales. Hay una variedad de widgets disponibles para su uso actualmente y aún más siendo escritos por la comunidad (www.kde-look.org) + +Actualmente no se puede ajustar el tamaño de los widgets por lo cual aparecen en dos columnas. A medida que se añaden widgets, una barra de desplazamiento aparecerá en el lado derecho del escritorio para que todos los widgets instalados puedan ser vistos. + + + + +Trabajar con Widgets + +Para mover Widgets, vaya al entorno de escritorio Periódico y pulse en la pestaña de Periódico en el lado derecho de la pantalla. La pantalla se oscurecerá como si hubiera una sombra que pasa sobre ella. A medida que el ratón se mueve por la pantalla, cada Widget se resaltará a medida que el cursor se mueve sobre éste. Pulse y arrastre el widget hasta la ubicación deseada. + +Al pulsar en la solapa del Periódico se devuelve el escritorio al modo normal, y la pantalla volverá a brillar. Si la pantalla parece atascarse en el «modo edición», pulse en la solapa del Periódico y volverá el escritorio funcional. + +Para añadir un Widget, pulse en la solapa del Periódico, y a continuación en «Añadir Widgets...». Se pueden añadir Widgets de la lista mostrada. Al pulsar en «Añadir nuevo Widget» aparecerá un menú que le ofrece las opciones de «Instalar Widget desde un archivo local» o «Descargar nuevo Widget de Plasma». + +El siguiente procedimiento se usa para instalar widgets Plasma desde un archivo. + + + + +Resalte «Plasmoid: widget nativo de Plasma», y a continuación pulse en «Siguiente». + + + +Seleccione el archivo de plasmoide y luego pulse «Finalizar» + + + + +Una vez que el plasmoide se ha instalado, se puede añadir al escritorio. + +Para descargar un nuevo Widget de Plasma, pulse en «Descargar nuevo Widget de Plasma». Esto abrirá un cuadro que listará los Widgets que se pueden descargar. Siga las instrucciones en el cuadro de diálogo para elegir, instalar y luego añadir Widgets al escritorio. + + + +Personalizar el escritorio + +Algunos usuarios tal vez deseen cambiar temas o fondos de pantalla por cada escritorio. Aplicaciones y Diarios son escritorios separados. por lo que cada uno puede tener diferentes fondos de pantalla + +Para personalizar el escritorio del Periódico (a veces se refiere a esta acción como una «Actividad»), empiece por pulsar en la solapa del Periódico a la derecha y elija «Ajustes de actividades del Periódico". + +Cuatro tipos de actividades diarias son listadas justo con una corta descripción de cada una. + + + + +Escritorio + + + +Vista de carpeta + + + +Búsqueda y contención + + + +Actividades del Diario + + + + +Puede elegirse un tema del menú desplegable o, como con los Widgets, pueden instalarse nuevos temas con el selector de temas. Una vez que se ha instalado un tema, estará disponible para usarse y aparecerá en el menú desplegable de temas. + +Los fondos de pantalla trabajan del mismo modo. Se puede seleccionar una imagen instalada o se puede descargar una nueva e instalarla. También hay un selector de colores para el escritorio. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/et/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/et/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/et/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/et/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,602 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + +See dokument räägib Kubuntu Netbook Remixi (KNR) kasutajaliidesest ning teistest Kubuntu töölaua muudatustest. + + + + +Sissejuhatus + + +Welcome to the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, the Lucid Lynx +release. The KNR was designed for netbook computers that typically have screens +10 inches or less and don't have optical drives. It is designed to run on systems +with reduced hard drive capacity. + + + + + + +Ülevaade + + +KNR aims to meet the unique requirements of the netbook community. From a +built-in 3G modem to the resolution for a smaller screen, it is designed to make +computing faster and simpler for every type of user. + + + +Built from the KDE Plasma Netbook shell, the KNR has two main desktop +environments - one for Applications and one for Plasma Widgets. A Panel at the +top of the screen is common between the desktops. Switching between the desktops +environments is accomplished with a Widget on the left end of the Panel. + + + + +Rakenduste töölaud + + +The user interface differs from other netbook environments. +Each application category is displayed along with a blank area just +below the Panel. To change the layout of the interface or to move Widgets, there +is a small tab in the top right-hand area of the display. Clicking on this tab +brings up a menu, which allows changes and also unlocks the Widget locations. + + + +While viewing application categories, a button labeled "Home" will appear in the +upper left of the desktop. Clicking the Home icon returns the application +category overview. + + + +There is a yellow star in the upper left corner of application icons. Clicking +the star icon marks the application as a Favorite. This causes the application +icon to appear in the previously blank area just below the Panel, creating a +Favorites menu. When there are more Favorites than can fit on the menu, the menu +can be scrolled by clicking on the triangle-shaped arrows on each side. + + + + + + +Newspaper Desktop + + +The Desktop Switching Widget mentioned previously makes it possible to select +the Newspaper desktop environment. Newspaper is a plain desktop with a handful +of Widgets. All Widgets are optional. There are plenty of Widgets available for +use currently and more being written by the community (www.kde-look.org). + + + +At this time, the Widgets are not yet resizable in the KNR, so they appear in +two columns. As Widgets are added, a scroll bar appears on the right side of the +desktop so that all installed Widgets can be viewed. + + + + + +Vidinatega töötamine + + +To move Widgets, go to the Newspaper desktop environment and click the Newspaper +tab on the right side of the screen. The screen goes a bit darker as if there +was a shadow across it. As the mouse is moved around the screen, each Widget is +highlighted as the cursor moves over it. Click and drag the widget to the +desired location. + + + +Clicking on the Newspaper tab takes the desktop back to normal mode, and the +screen will brighten back up. If the screen seems to be stuck in "edit mode", +click on the Newspaper tab and the working desktop will return. + + +Vidina lisamiseks kliki ajalehe kaardilt "Lisa vidinaid...". Vidinaid saab lisada loendis olevate east. Klikkides "Lisa uued vidinad" kuvab menüü, mis pakub valikud "Paigalda vidin kohalikust failist" või "Laadi alla uued Plasma vidinad". + +Järgnev protseduur on kasutusel failist Plasma vidinate paigaldamiseks. + + + + + +Highlight "Plasmoid: Native plasma widget", then click "Next". + + + + + +Select the plasmoid file and then click "Finish". + + + + + +Kui Plasmoidi fail on paigaldatud, siis on seda võimalik lisada töölauale. + + +To download a new Plasma Widget, click on "Download New Plasma Widgets". This +will open a box that lists the Widgets that can be downloaded. Follow the +instructions in the dialog box to choose, install and then add Widgets to the +desktop. + + + + +Töölaua kohandamine + + +Some users may wish to change themes and wallpapers for each desktop. +Applications and Newspaper are separate desktop environments, so each can have a +different wallpaper. + + + +To customize the Newspaper desktop (sometimes referred to as an "Activity"), +start by clicking on the Newspaper tab on the right and selecting "Newspaper +Activity Settings". + + + +Four types of newspaper Activities are listed along with a brief description of +each. + + + + + +Töölaud + + + +Kataloogivaade + + + + +Search and Containment + + + + +Ajalehe tegevused + + + + + +A theme can be picked from the dropdown menu or, as with Widgets, +new themes can be installed with the theme picker. Once a theme has been +installed, it will be ready for use and show up in the theme dropdown menu. + + + +Wallpaper works the same way. An installed image can be selected or new ones can +be downloaded and installed. There is also a color picker for the desktop. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/fr/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/fr/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/fr/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/fr/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,620 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) User Interface and other +changes from the Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + + +Introduction + + +Welcome to the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, the Lucid Lynx +release. The KNR was designed for netbook computers that typically have screens +10 inches or less and don't have optical drives. It is designed to run on systems +with reduced hard drive capacity. + + + + + + +Overview + + +KNR aims to meet the unique requirements of the netbook community. From a +built-in 3G modem to the resolution for a smaller screen, it is designed to make +computing faster and simpler for every type of user. + + + +Built from the KDE Plasma Netbook shell, the KNR has two main desktop +environments - one for Applications and one for Plasma Widgets. A Panel at the +top of the screen is common between the desktops. Switching between the desktops +environments is accomplished with a Widget on the left end of the Panel. + + + + +Applications Desktop + + +The user interface differs from other netbook environments. +Each application category is displayed along with a blank area just +below the Panel. To change the layout of the interface or to move Widgets, there +is a small tab in the top right-hand area of the display. Clicking on this tab +brings up a menu, which allows changes and also unlocks the Widget locations. + + + +While viewing application categories, a button labeled "Home" will appear in the +upper left of the desktop. Clicking the Home icon returns the application +category overview. + + + +There is a yellow star in the upper left corner of application icons. Clicking +the star icon marks the application as a Favorite. This causes the application +icon to appear in the previously blank area just below the Panel, creating a +Favorites menu. When there are more Favorites than can fit on the menu, the menu +can be scrolled by clicking on the triangle-shaped arrows on each side. + + + + + + +Newspaper Desktop + + +The Desktop Switching Widget mentioned previously makes it possible to select +the Newspaper desktop environment. Newspaper is a plain desktop with a handful +of Widgets. All Widgets are optional. There are plenty of Widgets available for +use currently and more being written by the community (www.kde-look.org). + + + +At this time, the Widgets are not yet resizable in the KNR, so they appear in +two columns. As Widgets are added, a scroll bar appears on the right side of the +desktop so that all installed Widgets can be viewed. + + + + + +Working With Widgets + + +To move Widgets, go to the Newspaper desktop environment and click the Newspaper +tab on the right side of the screen. The screen goes a bit darker as if there +was a shadow across it. As the mouse is moved around the screen, each Widget is +highlighted as the cursor moves over it. Click and drag the widget to the +desired location. + + + +Clicking on the Newspaper tab takes the desktop back to normal mode, and the +screen will brighten back up. If the screen seems to be stuck in "edit mode", +click on the Newspaper tab and the working desktop will return. + + + +To add a Widget, click the Newspaper tab, and then "Add Widgets...". Widgets can +then be added from the list shown. Clicking on "Add New Widgets" brings up a +menu that offers the choices "Install Widget From Local File" or "Download New +Plasma Widgets". + + + +The following procedure is used to install a Plasma Widget from a file. + + + + + + +Highlight "Plasmoid: Native plasma widget", then click "Next". + + + + + +Select the plasmoid file and then click "Finish". + + + + + + +Once the Plasmoid file has been installed, it can be added to the desktop. + + + +To download a new Plasma Widget, click on "Download New Plasma Widgets". This +will open a box that lists the Widgets that can be downloaded. Follow the +instructions in the dialog box to choose, install and then add Widgets to the +desktop. + + + + +Customizing The Desktop + + +Some users may wish to change themes and wallpapers for each desktop. +Applications and Newspaper are separate desktop environments, so each can have a +different wallpaper. + + + +To customize the Newspaper desktop (sometimes referred to as an "Activity"), +start by clicking on the Newspaper tab on the right and selecting "Newspaper +Activity Settings". + + + +Four types of newspaper Activities are listed along with a brief description of +each. + + + + + + +Desktop + + + + + +Folder View + + + + + +Search and Containment + + + + + +Newspaper Activities + + + + + + +A theme can be picked from the dropdown menu or, as with Widgets, +new themes can be installed with the theme picker. Once a theme has been +installed, it will be ready for use and show up in the theme dropdown menu. + + + +Wallpaper works the same way. An installed image can be selected or new ones can +be downloaded and installed. There is also a color picker for the desktop. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/gl/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/gl/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/gl/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/gl/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica a interface de usuario de Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) e outros cambios do escritorio de Kubuntu. + + + + +Introdución + +Benvido a Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, versión Lucid Lynx. KNR deseñouse para equipos netbook con pantallas que normalmente son de 10 polgadas ou menos sen controladores ópticos. Está deseñado para executarse en sistemas cunha capacidade de disco duro reducida. + + + + + +Vista xeral + +KNR ten como obxectivo satisfacer os requirimentos únicos da comunidade netbook. Dende un módem 3G incorporado á resolución dunha pantalla máis pequena, está deseñado para realizar o cómputo máis rápido e sinxelo para todo tipo de usuario. + +Construída a partir da shell de Plasma Netbook de KDE, o KNR ten dous contornos de escritorio principais - un para aplicativos e outro para os trebellos de Plasma. Un panel na parte superior da pantalla é común entre os escritorios. Pódese alternando entre os contornos de escritorio cun trebello que está no extremo esquerdo do panel. + + + +Aplicativos de escritorio + +A interface de usuario diferenciase doutros contornos de netbook. Cada categoría de aplicativos mostrase xunto cun espazo en branco debaixo do panel. Para cambiar o deseño da interface o para move os trebellos, hai un pequeno separador na parte superior dereita da pantalla. Ao premer neste separador aparece un menú, que permite cambios e desbloquea tamén a localización do trebello. + +Mentres ve as categorías de aplicativos, un botón chamado "Inicio" aparecerá na parte superior esquerda do escritorio. Premendo na icona de Inicio devolve á categoría vista de aplicativos. + +Hai unha estrela amarela na esquina superior esquerda das iconas de aplicativos. Premendo na icona da estrela marca o aplicativo como favorito. Isto fai que a icona do aplicativo para apareza na área en branco anterior debaixo do Panel, creando un menú favoritos. Cando hai máis favoritos dos que poden coller no menú, o menú pódese desprazar premendo no triangulo con forma de frechas en cada lado. + + + + + +Xornal de escritorio + +O trebello para cambiar de escritorio mencionado anteriormente fai que sexa posíbel seleccionar o contorno de escritorio do xornal. O xornal é un escritorio simple cun feixe de trebellos. Todos os trebellos son opcionais. Actualmente hai unha morea de trebellos dispoñíbeis e máis sendo escritos pola comunidade (www.kde-look.org). + +Neste momento, os trebellos aínda non poden cambiar o tamaño do KNR, polo que aparecen en dúas columnas. Como se engaden trebellos, unha barra de desprazamento aparece na parte dereita do escritorio de modo que se poden ver todos os trebellos instalados. + + + + +Traballando con widgets + +Para mover os trebellos, Vaia a o contorno de escritorio do Xornal e prema no separador do Xornal no lado dereito da pantalla. A Pantalla quédase un pouco máis escura como se houbera unha sombra sobre ela. A medida que o rato se move pola pantalla, destacase cada trebello cando o cursor pasa por riba del. Prema e arrastre o trebello a localización desexada. + +Premendo no separador do xornal o escritorio volve a modo normal, e a pantalla clarexase de novo. De parecer que a pantalla está atoada «modo de edición», prema no separador do xornal e volverá o escritorio de traballo. + +Para engadir un trebello, premer no separador do xornal, e despois «Engadir trebellos...». Os trebellos pódense engadir dende a lista presentada. Premendo en «Engadir novos trebellos» abre un menú que ofrece as opcións «Instalar un trebello dende un ficheiro local» ou «Descargar novos trebellos de Plasma». + +O seguinte procedemento usase para instalar trebellos Plasma dende un ficheiro. + + + + +Destacado «Plasmoid: trebello nativo de plasma», a continuación, prema en «Seguinte». + + + +Seleccione o ficheiro de plasmoid e despois prema «Finalizar» + + + + +Unha vez que o plasmoid se instale, pódese engadir ao escritorio. + +Para descargar un novo trebello de Plasma, preme en «Descargar novos trebellos de Plasma». Isto abrirá unha caixa coas listas de trebellos que se poden descargar. Siga as instrucións do cadro de diálogo para escoller, instalar e engadir trebellos ao escritorio. + + + +Personalizar o escritorio + +Algúns usuarios poden desexar cambiar temas e fondos de pantalla para cada escritorio. Os aplicativos e o xornal están separados en ambientes de escritorio, para cada un pode ter un fondo diferente. + +Para personalizar o xornal do escritorio (algunhas veces referenciado como unha actividade "), comece premendo no marcador do lado dereito do xornal e seleccionando «Axustes de actividades de prensa». + +Catro tipos de actividades de prensa son enumeradas xunto cunha breve descrición de cada unha. + + + + +Escritorio + + + +Vista do cartafol + + + +Busca e contención + + + +Actividades de prensa + + + + +Un tema pode ser escollido no menú despregábel, ou ben, como cos trebellos, novos temas pódense instalar co selector de temas. Unha vez que o tema foi instalado, estará listo para o seu uso e mostrarase no menú despregábel dos temas. + +O fondo de pantalla funciona do mesmo xeito. Pódese seleccionar unha imaxe instalada ou descargar e instalar novas. Tamén hai un selector de color para o escritorio. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/it/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/it/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/it/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/it/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento spiega l'interfaccia utente di Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) e altre differenze con Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + +Introduzione + +Benvenuti in Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, rilascio Lucid Lynx. KNR è stato progettato per computer ultraportatili che in genere hanno schermi da 10 pollice e senza dispositivi di lettura/scrittura ottici. È progettato per funzionare su sistemi con dischi di ridotte capacità. + + + + + +Panoramica + +Lo scopo di KNR è soddisfare i requisiti unici dell'universo degli ultraportatili. Dal modem 3G incorporato alla risoluzione per schermi piccoli, tutto è progettato per rendere più veloci e facili le attività nel computer per qualsiasi genere di utente. + +Derivato dalla shell di KDE Plasma Netbook, KNR possiede due ambienti desktop principali - uno per le applicazioni e uno per gli oggetti Plasma. I desktop condividono il Pannello nella parte superiore dello schermo. Il passaggio da un ambiente desktop all'altro si esegue tramite un oggetto all'estrema sinistra del Pannello. + + + +Applicazioni desktop + +L'interfaccia utente si differenzia dagli altri ambienti per ultraportatili. Ciascuna categoria delle applicazioni è visualizzata lungo un'area vuota appena sotto il Pannello. Per modificare l'aspetto dell'interfaccia, o per spostare gli oggetti, è presente una piccola scheda nella parte superiore destra dello schermo. Se si preme sulla scheda appare un menu, che consente le modifiche e lo sblocco delle posizioni degli oggetti. + +Se state osservando le categorie delle applicazioni, nella parte superiore sinistra del desktop appare un pulsante chiamato «Home». Se ci fate sopra clic, ritornate al riepilogo delle categorie. + +Nell'angolo superiore sinistro delle icone delle applicazioni, è presente una stella gialla. Se fate clic sulla stella contrassegnerete quell'applicazione come preferita. Quest'azione farà apparire l'icona nell'area vuota sotto il Pannello precedentemente descritta, e creando un menu Preferiti. Se le applicazioni preferite eccedono la larghezza del menu, potrete scorrerle tramite le frecce triangolari presenti su ciascun lato. + + + + + +Desktop Newspaper + +L'oggetto che alterna i desktop, precedentemente citato, rende possibile la selezione dell'ambiente desktop Newspaper. Newspaper è un desktop semplice con pochi oggetti. Tutti gli oggetti sono facoltativi. Attualmente ve ne sono tanti pronti all'uso e altri ancora sono stati creati dalla comunità (www.kde-look.org). + +Al momento, gli oggetti in KNR non possono ancora essere ridimensionati, dunque essi appaiono in due colonne. Quando vengono aggiunti, appare una barra di scorrimento sul lato destro del desktop, in modo che tutti gli oggetti installati siano visualizzabili. + + + + +Lavorare con gli oggetti (widget) + +Per spostare gli oggetti (widget), andate all'ambiente desktop Newspaper e fate clic sulla scheda Newspaper nella parte destra dello schermo. Lo schermo diviene leggermente scuro, come in ombra. Se vi spostate col mouse dentro lo schermo e passate sopra un oggetto, questo si evidenzierà. Fate clic sull'oggetto e trascinatelo nella posizione desiderata. + +Se fate clic sulla scheda Newspaper riporterete il desktop nella condizione normale, e lo schermo si illuminerà di nuovo. Se lo schermo sembra bloccato in «modalità modifica», Fate clic sulla scheda Newspaper e il desktop ritornerà funzionante. + +Per aggiungere un oggetto, fate clic sulla scheda Newspaper, poi su «Aggiungi oggetti...». Gli oggetti possono essere aggiunti dall'elenco che appare. Se fate clic su «Prendi nuovi oggetti», appariranno i menu di scelta «Installa oggetto da file locale» e «Scarica nuovi oggetti di Plasma». + +Per installare un oggetto di Plasma da un file, si deve seguire la seguente procedura. + + + + +Evidenziate «Plasmoide: oggetto plasma nativo», poi fate clic «Successivo». + + + +Selezionate il plasmoide poi fate clic su «Fine». + + + + +Una volta installato, il plasmoide può essere aggiunto al desktop. + +Per scaricare un nuovo oggetto di Plasma, fate clic su «Scarica nuovi oggetti di Plasma». Si aprirà un elenco di oggetti che possono essere scaricati. Seguite le istruzioni della finestra per scegliere, installare e aggiungere gli oggetti al desktop. + + + +Personalizzare il desktop + +Alcuni utenti potrebbero voler modificare i temi e gli sfondi per ciascun desktop. Applicazioni e Newspaper sono ambienti desktop separati, e ognuno di essi può avere un diverso sfondo. + +Per personalizzare il desktop Newspaper (cui si fa riferimenteo a volte come una «attività»), premete la scheda Newspaper sulla destra e selezionate «Impostazioni attività Newspaper». + +Sono elencati quattro tipo di Attività newspaper insieme con una loro breve descrizione. + + + + +Desktop + + + +Vista delle cartelle + + + +Ricerca e contenitore + + + +Attività di newspaper + + + + +Può essere selezionato un tema dal menu a tendina o, come con gli oggetti, possono essere installati nuovi temi col selettore di temi. Una volta installato, il tema sarà pronto per l'uso e verrà mostrato nel menu a tendina. + +Lo sfondo funziona allo stesso modo. Può essere selezionata un'immagine installata o se ne possono scaricare e installare nuove. È presente anche un selettore di colore per il desktop. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/km/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/km/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/km/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/km/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,545 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) User Interface and other +changes from the Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + + +សេចក្តីណែនាំ + + +Welcome to the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, the Lucid Lynx +release. The KNR was designed for netbook computers that typically have screens +10 inches or less and don't have optical drives. It is designed to run on systems +with reduced hard drive capacity. + + + + + + +ទិដ្ឋភាព​ទូទៅ + + +KNR aims to meet the unique requirements of the netbook community. From a +built-in 3G modem to the resolution for a smaller screen, it is designed to make +computing faster and simpler for every type of user. + + + +Built from the KDE Plasma Netbook shell, the KNR has two main desktop +environments - one for Applications and one for Plasma Widgets. A Panel at the +top of the screen is common between the desktops. Switching between the desktops +environments is accomplished with a Widget on the left end of the Panel. + + + + +ផ្ទៃ​តុ​កម្មវិធី + +ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ខុស​ពី​បរិស្ថាន​ netbook ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ ប្រភេទ​កម្មវិធី​នីមួយ​ៗ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ផ្ទៃ​ទទេដែល​នៅ​ពី​ក្រោម​បន្ទះ ។ ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ប្លង់​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​ ឬ​ផ្លាស់​ទី​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ មាន​ផ្ទាំង​តូច​មួយ​នៅ​ផ្ទៃ​ខាង​ស្តាំ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ​នៃ​ការបង្ហាញ ។ ការ​ចុច​លើ​ផ្ទាំង​នេះ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ម៉ឺនុយ​ចេញ​មក ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​មាន​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ ព្រម​ទាំងអនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ដោះ​សោ​ទីតាំង​របស់​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ផង​ដែរ ។ + +ខណៈ​ពេល​កំពុង​មើល​ប្រភេទ​កម្មវិធី​ ប៊ូតុង​មាន​ស្លាក​ថា "ផ្ទះ​" នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នៅខាង​ឆ្វេង​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ​នៃ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ ។ ការ​ចុច​រូប​តំណាង ផ្ទះ នឹង​ត្រឡប់​ទៅ​​កាន់​ទិដ្ឋភាព​នៃ​ប្រភេទ​កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​មូលវិញ ។ + +មាន​រូប​ផ្កាយ​ពណ៌​លឿង​មួយ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ជ្រុង​ឆ្វេង​ផ្នែក​ខាង​លើ​នៃ​រូប​តំណាង​កម្មវិធី ។ ការចុចរូប​តំណាង​ផ្កាយ​សម្គាល់​កម្មវិធី​ថាជា សំណព្វ ។ វា​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​រូប​តំណាង​កម្មវិធី​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទៃ​ទទេ​ដែល​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្រោម​បន្ទះ​ពីមុន ដោយ​បង្កើត​នូវ​ម៉ឺនុយ សំណព្វ ។ នៅ​ពេល​មាន​ សំណព្វ​ ច្រើនមិន​អាច​ដាក់​នៅ​លើ​ម៉ឺនុយ​បាន អាច​រមូរ​ម៉ឺនុយ​បាន ដោយ​ចុច​លើ​ព្រួញ​រាង​ត្រីកោណនៅ​ត្រង់​ផ្នែក​​នីមួយ​ៗ ។ + + + + + +ផ្ទៃ​តុ Newspaper + +ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​សម្រាប់​ប្តូរ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ដូច​ដែល​បាន​និយាយ​ពីមុន​ អាច​ធ្វើ​ការ​ជ្រើស​បរិស្ថាន​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ Newspaper បាន ។ Newspaper គឺ​ជា​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ធម្មតាដែល​ពោរ​ពេញ​ទៅ​ដោយ​ធាតុ​​ក្រាហ្វិក ។ ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ទាំង​អស់​អាច​ជា​ជម្រើស​ ។ ​មាន​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ជា​ច្រើន​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​ក្នុង​ពេល​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ និង​កំពុង​តែ​សរសេរ​ដោយ​សហគមន៍ (www.kde-look.org) ។ + + +At this time, the Widgets are not yet resizable in the KNR, so they appear in +two columns. As Widgets are added, a scroll bar appears on the right side of the +desktop so that all installed Widgets can be viewed. + + + + + +ធ្វើ​ការ​ជា​មួយ​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក + +ដើម្បី​ផ្លាស់​ទី​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ ចូល​ទៅកាន់បរិស្ថាន​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ Newspaper ​រួច​ចុច​ផ្ទាំង​ Newspaper នៅ​ខាង​ស្តាំ​អេក្រង់ ។ អេក្រង់​អាច​នឹង​ស្រអាប់​បន្តិច​ បើ​សិន​ជា​មាន​ស្រមោល​កាត់​វា ។ ដោយ​សារ​កណ្តុរ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្លាស់​ទី​ជុំវិញ​អេក្រង់​នោះ ធាតុ​នីមួយ​ៗ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្លិច​ នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​ទស្សន៍​ទ្រនិច​ផ្លាស់​ទី​ពី​លើ​វា ។ ចុច​ រួច​អូស​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ទៅ​កាន់​ទីតាំង​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ការ ។ + +ការ​ចុច​នៅ​លើផ្ទាំង​ Newspaper នឹង​នាំយក​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ត្រឡប់​ទៅកាន់​របៀប​ធម្មតា​វិញ ហើយ​អេក្រង់​នឹង​ភ្លឺ​ដូច​ដើម​ ។ បើ​សិន​អេក្រង់​ហាក់​ដូច​ជា​គាំង​នៅក្នុង​ "របៀប​កែ​សម្រួល​" ចុច​លើ​ផ្ទាំង​ Newspaper ហើយ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ដែល​ដំណើរ​ការ​នឹង​ត្រឡប់​រក​ភាព​ដើម​វិញ ។ + +ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ ចុច​ផ្ទាំង​ Newspaper បន្ទាប់​មក​ចុច​ "បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​..." ។ ពេល​នោះ​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្ថែម​​ពី​បញ្ជី​ដែល​បាន​បង្ហាញ ។ ការ​ចុច​លើ​ "បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ថ្មី" នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​ម៉ឺនុយ​ដែល​ផ្តល់​ជម្រើសជា​ច្រើន​ដូច​ជា​ "ដំឡើង​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ពី​ឯកសារ​មូលដ្ឋាន" ឬ​ "ទាញ​យក​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ប្លាស្មា​ថ្មី" ។ + +បែប​បទ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ សម្រាប់​ការដំឡើង​ធាតុក្រាហ្វិក​ប្លាស្មា​ពី​ឯកសារ ។ + + + + +បន្លិច​ "Plasmoid ៖ ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ប្លាស្មា​ដើម" រួច​ចុច​ "បន្ទាប់​" ។ + + + +ជ្រើស​ឯកសារ​ plasmoid រួច​ចុច​ "បញ្ចប់​" ។ + + + + +នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ឯកសារ​ Plasmoid ហើយ អាច​បន្ថែម​វា​ទៅ​កាន់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​បាន ។ + +ដើម្បី​ទាញ​យក​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ប្លាស្មា​ថ្មី ចុច​លើ​ "ទាញ​យក​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ប្លាស្មា​ថ្មី" ។ វា​​នឹង​បើក​ប្រអប់​ដែល​រាយធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ ដែល​នឹង​អាច​ទាញ​យក​បាន​ ។ ធ្វើ​តាម​ការណែនាំ​នៅក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ ដើម្បី​ជ្រើស ដំឡើង បន្ទាប់​មក​បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​ទៅ​កាន់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ ។ + + + +ការ​ប្តូរ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​តាម​បំណង + +អ្នក​ប្រើ​ខ្លះ​អាច​នឹង​ចង់​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ស្បែក និង​ផ្ទាំង​រូបភាពសម្រាប់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​នីមួយ​ៗ ។ កម្មវិធី និង​ Newspaper គឺ​ជា​បរិស្ថាន​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ផ្សេង​ពី​គ្នា​ ដូច្នេះ​ពួក​វា​នីមួយ​ៗ​អាច​មាន​ផ្ទាំង​រូបភាព​ខុស​ៗ​គ្នា ។ + +ដើម្បី​ប្តូរ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ Newspaper តាម​បំណង​ (ជួនកាល​ សំដៅ​លើ​ "សកម្មភាព​") ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដោយ​ចុច​លើ​ផ្ទាំង​ Newspaper នៅ​ខាង​ស្តាំ រួច​ជ្រើស​ "ការកំណត់​សកម្មភាព​Newspaper" ។ + +មាន​សកម្មភាព​ newspaper បួន​ប្រភេទត្រូវ​បាន​រាយ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​ខ្លី​ៗ​អំពី​ពួក​វា ។ + + + + +ផ្ទៃ​តុ + + + +ទិដ្ឋភាព​ថត + + + +ការស្វែងរក និង​ការ​ផ្ទុក + + + +សកម្មភាពរបស់​ Newspaper + + + + +ស្បែក​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ជ្រើស​ពី​ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ​ ឬពី​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក ស្បែក​ថ្មី​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ឧបករណ៍​ជ្រើស​ស្បែក ។ នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ស្បែក​ហើយ វា​នឹង​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន និង​អាចបង្ហាញ​នៅ​ក្នុង​បញ្ជី​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ​របស់​ស្បែក ។ + +ផ្ទាំង​រូបភាព​ក៏​ធ្វើ​ការ​ដូច​គ្នា​ដែរ ។ អាច​ជ្រើស​រូបភាព​ដែល​បាន​ដំឡើង​ ឬ​អាចទាញ​យក​រូបភាព​ថ្មី​នេះ​ ហើយ​ដំឡើង ។ ក៏មាន​ឧបករណ៍ជ្រើស​ពណ៌​សម្រាប់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/oc/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/oc/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/oc/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/oc/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,616 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) User Interface and other +changes from the Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + + +Introduccion + + +Welcome to the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, the Lucid Lynx +release. The KNR was designed for netbook computers that typically have screens +10 inches or less and don't have optical drives. It is designed to run on systems +with reduced hard drive capacity. + + + + + + +Vista d'ensemble + + +KNR aims to meet the unique requirements of the netbook community. From a +built-in 3G modem to the resolution for a smaller screen, it is designed to make +computing faster and simpler for every type of user. + + + +Built from the KDE Plasma Netbook shell, the KNR has two main desktop +environments - one for Applications and one for Plasma Widgets. A Panel at the +top of the screen is common between the desktops. Switching between the desktops +environments is accomplished with a Widget on the left end of the Panel. + + + + +Applications Desktop + + +The user interface differs from other netbook environments. +Each application category is displayed along with a blank area just +below the Panel. To change the layout of the interface or to move Widgets, there +is a small tab in the top right-hand area of the display. Clicking on this tab +brings up a menu, which allows changes and also unlocks the Widget locations. + + + +While viewing application categories, a button labeled "Home" will appear in the +upper left of the desktop. Clicking the Home icon returns the application +category overview. + + + +There is a yellow star in the upper left corner of application icons. Clicking +the star icon marks the application as a Favorite. This causes the application +icon to appear in the previously blank area just below the Panel, creating a +Favorites menu. When there are more Favorites than can fit on the menu, the menu +can be scrolled by clicking on the triangle-shaped arrows on each side. + + + + + + +Newspaper Desktop + + +The Desktop Switching Widget mentioned previously makes it possible to select +the Newspaper desktop environment. Newspaper is a plain desktop with a handful +of Widgets. All Widgets are optional. There are plenty of Widgets available for +use currently and more being written by the community (www.kde-look.org). + + + +At this time, the Widgets are not yet resizable in the KNR, so they appear in +two columns. As Widgets are added, a scroll bar appears on the right side of the +desktop so that all installed Widgets can be viewed. + + + + + +Working With Widgets + + +To move Widgets, go to the Newspaper desktop environment and click the Newspaper +tab on the right side of the screen. The screen goes a bit darker as if there +was a shadow across it. As the mouse is moved around the screen, each Widget is +highlighted as the cursor moves over it. Click and drag the widget to the +desired location. + + + +Clicking on the Newspaper tab takes the desktop back to normal mode, and the +screen will brighten back up. If the screen seems to be stuck in "edit mode", +click on the Newspaper tab and the working desktop will return. + + + +To add a Widget, click the Newspaper tab, and then "Add Widgets...". Widgets can +then be added from the list shown. Clicking on "Add New Widgets" brings up a +menu that offers the choices "Install Widget From Local File" or "Download New +Plasma Widgets". + + + +The following procedure is used to install a Plasma Widget from a file. + + + + + + +Highlight "Plasmoid: Native plasma widget", then click "Next". + + + + + +Select the plasmoid file and then click "Finish". + + + + + + +Once the Plasmoid file has been installed, it can be added to the desktop. + + + +To download a new Plasma Widget, click on "Download New Plasma Widgets". This +will open a box that lists the Widgets that can be downloaded. Follow the +instructions in the dialog box to choose, install and then add Widgets to the +desktop. + + + + +Customizing The Desktop + + +Some users may wish to change themes and wallpapers for each desktop. +Applications and Newspaper are separate desktop environments, so each can have a +different wallpaper. + + + +To customize the Newspaper desktop (sometimes referred to as an "Activity"), +start by clicking on the Newspaper tab on the right and selecting "Newspaper +Activity Settings". + + + +Four types of newspaper Activities are listed along with a brief description of +each. + + + + + +Burèu + + + +Vista de dorsièr + + + + +Search and Containment + + + + + +Newspaper Activities + + + + + + +A theme can be picked from the dropdown menu or, as with Widgets, +new themes can be installed with the theme picker. Once a theme has been +installed, it will be ready for use and show up in the theme dropdown menu. + + + +Wallpaper works the same way. An installed image can be selected or new ones can +be downloaded and installed. There is also a color picker for the desktop. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/pt_BR/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/pt_BR/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/pt_BR/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/pt_BR/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica a interface de usuário do Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) e outras alterações do Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + +Introdução + +Bem-vindo ao Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, versão Lucid Lynx. O KNR foi projetado para netbooks que possuem tipicamente telas de 10 polegadas ou menos e não possuem drivers óticos. Ele é projetado para funcionar em sistemas com capacidade reduzida de disco rígido. + + + + + +Visão geral + +O KNR visa atender as necessidades da comunidade de usuários de netbook. Desde um modem 3G embutido a uma resolução para telas menores, ele é projetado para tornar a computação mais rápida e simples para cada tipo de usuário. + +Construído a partir do shell do KDE Plasma Netbook, o KNR tem dois ambientes de área de trabalho principais - um para aplicações e outro para Widgets do Plasma. Um painel na parte superior da tela é comum aos dois desktops. A alternância entre os dois é feita com um Widget na extremidade esquerda do painel. + + + +Aplicações desktop + +A interface do usuário difere de outros ambientes netbook. Cada categoria de aplicação é exibida juntamente com uma área branca logo abaixo do painel. Para mudar o layout da interface ou para mover componentes gráficos, há uma pequena aba no canto superior direito da área do monitor. Clicando nesta aba exibe um menu, o qual permite mudanças e também destrava as localizações dos componentes gráficos. + +Enquanto visualizando categoria de aplicativo, um botão rotulado "Início" aparecerá no canto superior esquerdo da Área de trabalho. Clicando no ícone início se retornará para a visão geral da categoria de aplicativo. + +Há uma estrela amarela no canto superior direito dos ícones de aplicação. Clicando no ícone da estrela marca a aplicação como favorita. Isto faz com que o ícone da aplicação apareça na área previamente branca logo abaixo do painel, criando um menu de favoritos. Quando há mais favoritos do que cabe o menu, ele poderá tornar-se deslocável quando se clica nas setas em forma de triângulo em cada lado. + + + + + +Área de trabalho Noticiário + +O componente gráfico de troca de área de trabalho mencionado antes torna possível a seleção do ambiente de área de trabalho Newspaper. Newspaper é um ambiente de trabalho simples com uma boa variedade de componentes gráficos. Todos os componentes são opcionais. Há muitos componentes disponíveis para uso correntemente e mais sendo escritos pela comunidade (www.kde-look.org). + +Desta vez, os componentes gráficos não são redimensionáveis no KNR, então eles aparecerão em duas colunas. Enquanto esses componentes sejam adicionados, uma barra de rolagem aparecerá no lado direito da área de trabalho da área de trabalho de forma que todos os componentes gráficos instalados sejam visualizados. + + + + +Trabalhando com widgets + +Para mover componentes gráficos, vá para o ambiente de trabalho Newspaper e clique na barra do Newspaper no lado direito da tela. A tela escurecerá um pouco como se houvesse uma sombra cruzando-a. Enquanto o mouse é movido pela tela, cada componente gráfico é destacado quando o cursor paira sobre eles. Clique e arraste o componente gráfico para a localização desejada. + +Clicando na barra Newspaper faz com que a área de trabalho volte ao modo normal e o brilho da tela seja restaurado. Se a tela parece travar em "modo de edição", clique na aba Newspaper e a área de trabalho funcional retornará. + +Para adicionar um componente gráfico, clique na barra Newspaper e então "Adicionar componentes gráficos...". Componentes gráficos podem ser adicionados a partir da lista mostrada. Clicando em "Adicionar novos componentes gráficos" exibe um menu que oferece as escolhas "Instalar componente gráfico a partir de um arquivo local" ou "Baixar novos componentes gráficos plasma". + +O seguinte procedimento é usado para instalar um Widget Plasma à partir de um arquivo. + + + + +Destaque "Plasmoid: componente plasma nativo", então clique em "Próximo" + + + +Selecione o arquivo plasmoid e então clique em "Finalizar" + + + + +Uma vez que o arquivo Plasmoid foi instalado, ele pode ser adicionado à área de trabalho. + +Para baixar um novo componente plasma, clique em "Baixar novos componentes plasma". Isto abrirá uma caixa que lista todos os componentes gráficos que podem ser baixados. Siga as instruções na caixa de diálogo para escolher, instalar e então adicionar componentes gráficos para a área de trabalho. + + + +Personalizando a área de trabalho + +Alguns usuários podem desejar mudar os temas e papéis de parede para cada área de trabalho. Aplicações e Newspaper são ambientes de trabalho separadas, então cada um pode ter um papel de parede diferente. + +Para personalizar o ambiente de trabalho Newspaper (algumas vezes referenciado como uma "atividade"), comece clicando na aba Newspaper na direita e selecione "Configurações de atividade newspaper". + +Quatro tipo de atividades do newspaper são listados em conjunto com uma breve descrição de cada. + + + + +Área de trabalho + + + +Exibição de pasta + + + +Busca e confinamento + + + +Atividades do Newspaper + + + + +Um tema pode ser selecionado a partir de um menu desdobrável ou, como Widgets, novos temas podem ser instalados com o selecionador de temas. Uma vez que o tema foi instalado, estará pronto para usar e ser exibido no menu desdobrável. + +O papel de parede funciona semelhantemente. Uma imagem instalada pode ser selecionada ou novas podem ser baixadas e instaladas. Há também um seletor de cor para a área de trabalho. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/sk/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/sk/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/sk/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/sk/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,620 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) User Interface and other +changes from the Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + + +Introduction + + +Welcome to the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, the Lucid Lynx +release. The KNR was designed for netbook computers that typically have screens +10 inches or less and don't have optical drives. It is designed to run on systems +with reduced hard drive capacity. + + + + + + +Overview + + +KNR aims to meet the unique requirements of the netbook community. From a +built-in 3G modem to the resolution for a smaller screen, it is designed to make +computing faster and simpler for every type of user. + + + +Built from the KDE Plasma Netbook shell, the KNR has two main desktop +environments - one for Applications and one for Plasma Widgets. A Panel at the +top of the screen is common between the desktops. Switching between the desktops +environments is accomplished with a Widget on the left end of the Panel. + + + + +Applications Desktop + + +The user interface differs from other netbook environments. +Each application category is displayed along with a blank area just +below the Panel. To change the layout of the interface or to move Widgets, there +is a small tab in the top right-hand area of the display. Clicking on this tab +brings up a menu, which allows changes and also unlocks the Widget locations. + + + +While viewing application categories, a button labeled "Home" will appear in the +upper left of the desktop. Clicking the Home icon returns the application +category overview. + + + +There is a yellow star in the upper left corner of application icons. Clicking +the star icon marks the application as a Favorite. This causes the application +icon to appear in the previously blank area just below the Panel, creating a +Favorites menu. When there are more Favorites than can fit on the menu, the menu +can be scrolled by clicking on the triangle-shaped arrows on each side. + + + + + + +Newspaper Desktop + + +The Desktop Switching Widget mentioned previously makes it possible to select +the Newspaper desktop environment. Newspaper is a plain desktop with a handful +of Widgets. All Widgets are optional. There are plenty of Widgets available for +use currently and more being written by the community (www.kde-look.org). + + + +At this time, the Widgets are not yet resizable in the KNR, so they appear in +two columns. As Widgets are added, a scroll bar appears on the right side of the +desktop so that all installed Widgets can be viewed. + + + + + +Working With Widgets + + +To move Widgets, go to the Newspaper desktop environment and click the Newspaper +tab on the right side of the screen. The screen goes a bit darker as if there +was a shadow across it. As the mouse is moved around the screen, each Widget is +highlighted as the cursor moves over it. Click and drag the widget to the +desired location. + + + +Clicking on the Newspaper tab takes the desktop back to normal mode, and the +screen will brighten back up. If the screen seems to be stuck in "edit mode", +click on the Newspaper tab and the working desktop will return. + + + +To add a Widget, click the Newspaper tab, and then "Add Widgets...". Widgets can +then be added from the list shown. Clicking on "Add New Widgets" brings up a +menu that offers the choices "Install Widget From Local File" or "Download New +Plasma Widgets". + + + +The following procedure is used to install a Plasma Widget from a file. + + + + + + +Highlight "Plasmoid: Native plasma widget", then click "Next". + + + + + +Select the plasmoid file and then click "Finish". + + + + + + +Once the Plasmoid file has been installed, it can be added to the desktop. + + + +To download a new Plasma Widget, click on "Download New Plasma Widgets". This +will open a box that lists the Widgets that can be downloaded. Follow the +instructions in the dialog box to choose, install and then add Widgets to the +desktop. + + + + +Customizing The Desktop + + +Some users may wish to change themes and wallpapers for each desktop. +Applications and Newspaper are separate desktop environments, so each can have a +different wallpaper. + + + +To customize the Newspaper desktop (sometimes referred to as an "Activity"), +start by clicking on the Newspaper tab on the right and selecting "Newspaper +Activity Settings". + + + +Four types of newspaper Activities are listed along with a brief description of +each. + + + + + + +Desktop + + + + + +Folder View + + + + + +Search and Containment + + + + + +Newspaper Activities + + + + + + +A theme can be picked from the dropdown menu or, as with Widgets, +new themes can be installed with the theme picker. Once a theme has been +installed, it will be ready for use and show up in the theme dropdown menu. + + + +Wallpaper works the same way. An installed image can be selected or new ones can +be downloaded and installed. There is also a color picker for the desktop. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/sr/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/sr/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/sr/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/sr/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,620 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) User Interface and other +changes from the Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + + +Introduction + + +Welcome to the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, the Lucid Lynx +release. The KNR was designed for netbook computers that typically have screens +10 inches or less and don't have optical drives. It is designed to run on systems +with reduced hard drive capacity. + + + + + + +Overview + + +KNR aims to meet the unique requirements of the netbook community. From a +built-in 3G modem to the resolution for a smaller screen, it is designed to make +computing faster and simpler for every type of user. + + + +Built from the KDE Plasma Netbook shell, the KNR has two main desktop +environments - one for Applications and one for Plasma Widgets. A Panel at the +top of the screen is common between the desktops. Switching between the desktops +environments is accomplished with a Widget on the left end of the Panel. + + + + +Applications Desktop + + +The user interface differs from other netbook environments. +Each application category is displayed along with a blank area just +below the Panel. To change the layout of the interface or to move Widgets, there +is a small tab in the top right-hand area of the display. Clicking on this tab +brings up a menu, which allows changes and also unlocks the Widget locations. + + + +While viewing application categories, a button labeled "Home" will appear in the +upper left of the desktop. Clicking the Home icon returns the application +category overview. + + + +There is a yellow star in the upper left corner of application icons. Clicking +the star icon marks the application as a Favorite. This causes the application +icon to appear in the previously blank area just below the Panel, creating a +Favorites menu. When there are more Favorites than can fit on the menu, the menu +can be scrolled by clicking on the triangle-shaped arrows on each side. + + + + + + +Newspaper Desktop + + +The Desktop Switching Widget mentioned previously makes it possible to select +the Newspaper desktop environment. Newspaper is a plain desktop with a handful +of Widgets. All Widgets are optional. There are plenty of Widgets available for +use currently and more being written by the community (www.kde-look.org). + + + +At this time, the Widgets are not yet resizable in the KNR, so they appear in +two columns. As Widgets are added, a scroll bar appears on the right side of the +desktop so that all installed Widgets can be viewed. + + + + + +Working With Widgets + + +To move Widgets, go to the Newspaper desktop environment and click the Newspaper +tab on the right side of the screen. The screen goes a bit darker as if there +was a shadow across it. As the mouse is moved around the screen, each Widget is +highlighted as the cursor moves over it. Click and drag the widget to the +desired location. + + + +Clicking on the Newspaper tab takes the desktop back to normal mode, and the +screen will brighten back up. If the screen seems to be stuck in "edit mode", +click on the Newspaper tab and the working desktop will return. + + + +To add a Widget, click the Newspaper tab, and then "Add Widgets...". Widgets can +then be added from the list shown. Clicking on "Add New Widgets" brings up a +menu that offers the choices "Install Widget From Local File" or "Download New +Plasma Widgets". + + + +The following procedure is used to install a Plasma Widget from a file. + + + + + + +Highlight "Plasmoid: Native plasma widget", then click "Next". + + + + + +Select the plasmoid file and then click "Finish". + + + + + + +Once the Plasmoid file has been installed, it can be added to the desktop. + + + +To download a new Plasma Widget, click on "Download New Plasma Widgets". This +will open a box that lists the Widgets that can be downloaded. Follow the +instructions in the dialog box to choose, install and then add Widgets to the +desktop. + + + + +Customizing The Desktop + + +Some users may wish to change themes and wallpapers for each desktop. +Applications and Newspaper are separate desktop environments, so each can have a +different wallpaper. + + + +To customize the Newspaper desktop (sometimes referred to as an "Activity"), +start by clicking on the Newspaper tab on the right and selecting "Newspaper +Activity Settings". + + + +Four types of newspaper Activities are listed along with a brief description of +each. + + + + + + +Desktop + + + + + +Folder View + + + + + +Search and Containment + + + + + +Newspaper Activities + + + + + + +A theme can be picked from the dropdown menu or, as with Widgets, +new themes can be installed with the theme picker. Once a theme has been +installed, it will be ready for use and show up in the theme dropdown menu. + + + +Wallpaper works the same way. An installed image can be selected or new ones can +be downloaded and installed. There is also a color picker for the desktop. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/sv/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/sv/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/sv/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/sv/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,620 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kubuntu Netbook Remix +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) User Interface and other +changes from the Kubuntu Desktop. + + + + + +Introduktion + + +Welcome to the Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, the Lucid Lynx +release. The KNR was designed for netbook computers that typically have screens +10 inches or less and don't have optical drives. It is designed to run on systems +with reduced hard drive capacity. + + + + + + +Översikt + + +KNR aims to meet the unique requirements of the netbook community. From a +built-in 3G modem to the resolution for a smaller screen, it is designed to make +computing faster and simpler for every type of user. + + + +Built from the KDE Plasma Netbook shell, the KNR has two main desktop +environments - one for Applications and one for Plasma Widgets. A Panel at the +top of the screen is common between the desktops. Switching between the desktops +environments is accomplished with a Widget on the left end of the Panel. + + + + +Applications Desktop + + +The user interface differs from other netbook environments. +Each application category is displayed along with a blank area just +below the Panel. To change the layout of the interface or to move Widgets, there +is a small tab in the top right-hand area of the display. Clicking on this tab +brings up a menu, which allows changes and also unlocks the Widget locations. + + + +While viewing application categories, a button labeled "Home" will appear in the +upper left of the desktop. Clicking the Home icon returns the application +category overview. + + + +There is a yellow star in the upper left corner of application icons. Clicking +the star icon marks the application as a Favorite. This causes the application +icon to appear in the previously blank area just below the Panel, creating a +Favorites menu. When there are more Favorites than can fit on the menu, the menu +can be scrolled by clicking on the triangle-shaped arrows on each side. + + + + + + +Newspaper Desktop + + +The Desktop Switching Widget mentioned previously makes it possible to select +the Newspaper desktop environment. Newspaper is a plain desktop with a handful +of Widgets. All Widgets are optional. There are plenty of Widgets available for +use currently and more being written by the community (www.kde-look.org). + + + +At this time, the Widgets are not yet resizable in the KNR, so they appear in +two columns. As Widgets are added, a scroll bar appears on the right side of the +desktop so that all installed Widgets can be viewed. + + + + + +Working With Widgets + + +To move Widgets, go to the Newspaper desktop environment and click the Newspaper +tab on the right side of the screen. The screen goes a bit darker as if there +was a shadow across it. As the mouse is moved around the screen, each Widget is +highlighted as the cursor moves over it. Click and drag the widget to the +desired location. + + + +Clicking on the Newspaper tab takes the desktop back to normal mode, and the +screen will brighten back up. If the screen seems to be stuck in "edit mode", +click on the Newspaper tab and the working desktop will return. + + + +To add a Widget, click the Newspaper tab, and then "Add Widgets...". Widgets can +then be added from the list shown. Clicking on "Add New Widgets" brings up a +menu that offers the choices "Install Widget From Local File" or "Download New +Plasma Widgets". + + + +The following procedure is used to install a Plasma Widget from a file. + + + + + + +Highlight "Plasmoid: Native plasma widget", then click "Next". + + + + + +Select the plasmoid file and then click "Finish". + + + + + + +Once the Plasmoid file has been installed, it can be added to the desktop. + + + +To download a new Plasma Widget, click on "Download New Plasma Widgets". This +will open a box that lists the Widgets that can be downloaded. Follow the +instructions in the dialog box to choose, install and then add Widgets to the +desktop. + + + + +Anpassa skrivbordet + + +Some users may wish to change themes and wallpapers for each desktop. +Applications and Newspaper are separate desktop environments, so each can have a +different wallpaper. + + + +To customize the Newspaper desktop (sometimes referred to as an "Activity"), +start by clicking on the Newspaper tab on the right and selecting "Newspaper +Activity Settings". + + + +Four types of newspaper Activities are listed along with a brief description of +each. + + + + + + +Desktop + + + + + +Folder View + + + + + +Search and Containment + + + + + +Newspaper Activities + + + + + + +A theme can be picked from the dropdown menu or, as with Widgets, +new themes can be installed with the theme picker. Once a theme has been +installed, it will be ready for use and show up in the theme dropdown menu. + + + +Wallpaper works the same way. An installed image can be selected or new ones can +be downloaded and installed. There is also a color picker for the desktop. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/uk/netbook.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/uk/netbook.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/netbook/uk/netbook.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/netbook/uk/netbook.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Версія Kubuntu для нетбуків +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі наведено опис інтерфейсу Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) та інші відмінності цього варіанта дистрибутива від стільничного варіанта Kubuntu. + + + + +Вступ + +Ласкаво просимо до Kubuntu Netbook Remix (KNR) 10.04, випуску Lucid Lynx. KNR було розроблено для комп’ютерів форматів нетбуків, які типово мають екрани з діагоналлю 10 дюймів або менше і не мають пристроїв для читання оптичних дисків. Систему розроблено для запуску у системах зі звуженим об’ємом жорсткого диска. + + + + + +Огляд + +KNR створено з метою задовольнити вимоги спільноти користувачів нетбуків. Від роботи з вбудованими 3G-модемами, до роботи з екранами зі зменшеною роздільною здатністю, систему розроблено для пришвидшення роботи комп’ютера і спрощення роботи всім типам користувачів. + +Система побудована на основі оболонки Плазма для нетбуків KDE. У KNR передбачено два основних стільничних середовища: одне для програм і одне для віджетів Плазми. Панель, розташована у верхній частині екрана, є спільною для обох стільниць. Перемикання між стільничними середовищами виконується за допомогою віджета, розташованого у лівому кінці панелі. + + + +Стільниця програм + +Інтерфейс системи відрізняється від інших середовищ для роботи на нетбуках. Кожну з категорій програм буде показано разом з порожньою областю під панеллю. Для зміни компонування інтерфейсу або пересування віджетів призначено невеличку вкладку у верхній правій області екрана. Натискання цієї вкладки відкриє меню, за допомогою якого можна вносити зміни та розблоковувати позиції віджетів. + +Під час перегляду категорій програм у лівій верхній частині стільниці буде показано кнопку з міткою «Домівка». Натискання піктограми «Домівка» поверне вас до перегляду категорій програм. + +У верхньому лівому куті панелі перегляду програм буде показано кнопку з зображенням жовтої зірки. Натискання піктограми з зіркою позначить програму як таку, яка належить до улюблених. Піктограму улюбленої програми буде показано у раніше порожній області під панеллю, де тепер буде розташовано меню улюблених програм. Коли улюблених програм стане більше, ніж зможе поміститися у меню, гортання меню можна буде здійснити натисканням трикутних стрілочок на кожному з країв меню. + + + + + +Газетна стільниця + +За допомогою віджета перемикання стільниць, про який ми вже згадували, можна перемкнутися до газетного формату стільничного середовища. Газетний формат — це звичайна стільниця з набором віджетів. Перелік віджетів можна змінювати. У поточній версії ви можете скористатися багатьма віджетами, кількість яких буде зростати за рахунок віджетів створених спільнотою (www.kde-look.org). + +У поточній версії KNR зміни розмірів віджетів ще не передбачено, отже список віджетів буде показано у два стовпці. З додаванням віджетів у правій частині з’явиться смужка гортання, отже ви зможете переглянути список віджетів повністю. + + + + +Робот з віджетами + +Щоб пересунути віджети, перемкніться у режим газетного формату стільничного середовища і натисніть заголовок вкладки «Газета» у правій частині екрана. Зображення на екрані потемнішає, наче на нього впала тінь. При наведенні вказівника миші на віджет, система підсвітить цей віджет. Наведіть вказівник миші на віджет, натисніть ліву кнопку миші і перетягніть віджет у бажане місце. + +Натискання заголовка вкладки «Газета» повертає стільницю до нормального режиму, вікно посвітлішає. Якщо вікно, як здається, «замерзло», клацніть на заголовку вкладки «Газета». Ви зможете повернутися до робочої стільниці. + +Щоб додати віджет, натисніть заголовок вкладки «Газета», а потім кнопку «Додати віджети...». Після цього віджети можна буде додати з показаного списку. Натискання кнопки «Додати нові віджети» відкриє меню, у якому система запропонує вам «Встановити віджет з локального файла» або «Звантажити нові віджети Плазми». + +Для встановлення віджета Плазми з файла вам слід виконати наведену нижче послідовність дій. + + + + +Позначте пункт «Плазмоїд: віджет-плазмоїд», а потім натисніть кнопку «Далі». + + + +Позначте файл плазмоїда, а потім натисніть кнопку «Завершити». + + + + +Після встановлення файла плазмоїда його можна буде додати на стільницю. + +Щоб звантажити новий віджет Плазми, натисніть кнопку «Звантажити нові віджети Плазми». Буде відкрито панель зі списком віджетів, які ви зможете завантажити. Виконайте настанови у діалоговому вікні, щоб вибрати, встановити, а потім додати віджети на стільницю. + + + +Зміна вигляду та поведінки графічного середовища + +У деяких користувачів може виникнути бажання змінити теми і шпалери для кожної зі стільниць. «Програми» та «Газета» є окремими стільничними середовищами, отже для кожного з них можна визначити власні шпалери. + +Щоб змінити налаштування стільниці «Газета» (цю стільницю також називають «простір дій»), почніть з натискання заголовка вкладки «Газета» праворуч і виберіть у контекстному меню «Параметри простору дій «Газета»». + +Буде показано список чотирьох типів газетних просторів дій з коротким описом кожного з них. + + + + +Стільниця + + + +Перегляд тек + + + +Контейнер пошуку і запуску + + + +Газетні простори дій + + + + +Тему можна вибрати за допомогою спадного меню або, як і у випадку з віджетами, встановити за допомогою інструменту для вибору тем. Після встановлення теми, нею одразу можна буде скористатися, її пункт буде показано у спадному меню вибору тем. + +Змінювати шпалери можна у той самий спосіб. Можна вибрати вже встановлене зображення або звантажити і встановити нові зображення. Крім того, для стільниці можна вибрати просте кольорове заповнення. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/de/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/de/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/de/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/de/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Netzwerke mit <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument enthält Informationen darüber, wie das System für die Verbindung mit Netzwerken, dem Internet oder mit anderen Geräten eingerichtet wird. + + + + +Kabelgebundenes Netzwerk (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) +Mit DHCP legt der Router die nötigen Einstellungen automatisch fest. Kabelgebundene Netzwerkverbindungen sind standardmäßig aktiviert, wenn Sie verfügbar sind. + + +<acronym>DHCP</acronym>-Verbindungen +Die meisten Router benutzen DHCP, um IP-Adressen automatisch zu vergeben. Zum Verbinden: + + +Klicken Sie auf das NetworkManager-Symbol im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste. (Anmerkung: Das Symbol ändert sich ja nach Zustand der Netzwerkverbindung.) + + +Wählen Sie den Namen der Netzwerkverbindung aus, die sie aktivieren möchten. + + + + +Statische Verbindungen +Anstelle der dynamischen (DHCP-) Verbindung, können Sie eine statische Verbindung einstellen. +Einrichtung einer statischen Verbindung + +Klicken Sie auf den NetworkManager (Netzwerkverwaltung) im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste und wählen Sie Verbindungen verwalten …. + + +Wechseln Sie in den Reiter Kabelgebunden. + + +Wählen Sie die gewünschte Verbindung aus, falls bereits verfügbar, und klicken Sie auf Bearbeiten …. Falls die richtige Verbindung noch nicht in der Liste auftaucht, drücken Sie Hinzufügen …. + + +Aktivieren Sie den Reiter IP-Addresse und wählen Sie Manual option in the Configure drop down under the tab. + + +Geben Sie alle nötigen Angaben ein und drücken Sie anschließend auf OK. + + +Drücken Sie den OK-Knopf im Hauptfenster. + + + + + + + +Funknetzwerke +In manchen Fällen benötigt das Funknetzwerkgerät einen eingeschränkten Treiber, um korrekt zu funktionieren. Die Anwendung Jockey hilft Ihnen dabei zu prüfen, ob solche Treiber zur Verfügung stehen. Öffnen Sie Jockey über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeSystemHardware Deivers. Jockey hilft Ihnen beim Installieren und Aktivieren des richtigen Treibers, falls eingeschränkte Treiber zur Verfügung stehen. Nach Abschluss dieses Schritts können Funkverbindungen eingerichtet werden. Ein Neustart ist erforderlich, damit der eingeschränkte Treiber seine Arbeit verrichtet. +Mit einem drahtlosen Netzwerk verbinden + +Stellen Sie sicher, dass das Funknetzwerkgerät eingeschaltet ist. Die meisten Laptops haben dafür einen Schalter. + + +Klicken Sie auf den NetworkManager (Netzwerkverwaltung) im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste und wählen Sie Verbindungen verwalten …. + + +Falls bereits eine Verbindung zu diesem Netzwerk hergestellt wurde, wählen Sie dieses im Reiter Drahtlose Netzwerke aus, um sich damit zu verbinden. Andernfalls gehen Sie folgendermaßen vor: + + +Wählen Sie Hinzufügen …. + + +Geben Sie die SSID des neuen Netzwerks ein. Falls Sie diese nicht kennen, drücken Sie Suchen für die Suche nach verfügbaren Netzwerken. + + +Geben Sie alle anderen nötigen Informationen an, vor allem falls das Netzwerk abgesichert ist. + + +Kubuntu kann automatisch Verbindungen mit bekannten Netzwerken herstellen, wenn diese verfügbar werden. Wenn die Verbindung mit dem Netzwerk erstmals hergestellt wird, sollte diese Einstellung ausgewählt werden. +Sofern sowohl kabelgebundene als auch drahtlose Netzwerkverbindungen verfügbar sind, wird die kabelgebundene automatisch ausgewählt. + + + +Mobil-Breitband +Mobil-Breitband umfasst jede Hochgeschwindigkeits-Internetverbindung, die über ein externes Gerät wie einen 3G-USB-Stick oder ein Handy mit HSPA-, UMTS-, oder GPRS-Datenverbindung hergestellt wird. In letzter Zeit werden auch Laptops ausgeliefert, die entsprechende Geräte eingebaut haben. +Die meisten Geräte sollten bei Anschluss an den Rechner automatisch erkannt werden. Andernfalls wird Kubuntu einen Dialog anzeigen, dass das Gerät eingerichtet werden muss. +Mobil-Breitband-Geräte einrichten + +Klicken Sie auf den NetworkManager (Netzwerkverwaltung) im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste und wählen Sie Verbindungen verwalten …. + + +Wechseln Sie in den Reiter Mobil-Breitband. + + +Klicken Sie auf den Knopf Hinzufügen …. + + +Es erscheint nun ein Assistent. Geben Sie die nötigen Informationen zum Gerät und zur Verbindung an. + + + + + + +Virtuelle private Netzwerke (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) +Es gibt drei Arten von Virtual Private Networks (VPN), die momentan von NetworkManager unterstützt werden. Um sich mit einem VPN-Netzwerk verbinden zu können, muss man dessen Typ kennen. +Mit einem VPN verbinden + +Installieren Sie zunächst entweder network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, oder network-manager-vpnc, je nach Art des VPN-Netzwerks. + + +Klicken Sie auf den NetworkManager im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste und wählen Sie Verbindungen verwalten … + + +Wählen Sie den Reiter DSL. + + +Klicken Sie auf den Knopf Hinzufügen …. + + +Richten Sie die VPN-Verbindung ein. + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Direkte Verbindung über <acronym>DSL</acronym> + +Klicken Sie auf den NetworkManager im Systemabschnitt der Kontrollleiste und wählen Sie Verbindungen verwalten … + + +Wählen Sie den Reiter DSL. + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Hinzufügen …. + + + + + +Modems +… + + + +Mit anderen Rechnern und Geräten verbinden und interagieren. +Für mehr Informationen über das Teilen von Dateien und andere Themen, lesen Sie bitte den Abschnitt Netzwerkfreigaben. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/es/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/es/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/es/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/es/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Redes en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona información sobre la configuración de los sistemas para conectarse a redes, Internet, y otras máquinas en una red compartida. + + + + +Cableada (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) +Con DHCP, la configuración se realiza por el router automáticamente. Las conexiones de red cableadas se seleccionan de manera predeterminada cuando están conectadas y disponibles. + + +Conexiones <acronym>DHCP</acronym> +La mayoría de los routers usan DHCP para asignar las direcciones IP. Para conectar: + + +Pulse el icono Gestor de red en la bandeja de sistema. + + +Bajo Red cableada, seleccione el nombre de la red a la que quiere conectarse. + + + + +Conexiones estáticas +En vez de DHCP, se puede configurar una conexión estática. +Configurar una conexión estática + +Pulse el Gestor de red en la bandeja de sistema y seleccione Gestionar conexiones.... + + +Pulse en la solapa Cableada. + + +Selecciones la conexión deseada si está disponible y pulse el botón Editar.... Si la propia conexión no está disponible, pulse el botón Añadir... + + +Escoja la opción Manual de la lista desplegable Configurar bajo la pestaña Dirección IP. + + +Introduzca los detalles y pulse el botón Aceptar. + + +Pulse el botón Aceptar en la ventana principal. + + + + + + + +Inalámbrica +En algunos casos, el dispositivo de red inalámbrico necesita un controlador propietario. La mejor forma de saberlo es abrir la aplicación llamada Jockey. Para abrir Jockey vaya al menú Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff, AplicacionesSistemaControladores de hardware. Si el dispositivo de red inalámbrica necesita un controlador restringido, Jockey proporcionará la información y le asistirá con la selección, instalación y activación del controlador apropiado. Cuando este paso está completado, la conexión inalámbrica puede ser configurada. El equipo debe ser reiniciado antes de que el controlador pueda hacer trabajar al dispositivo inalámbrico. +Conectar con una red inalámbrica + +Asegúrese de que el dispositivo inalámbrico está encendido. La mayoría de los equipos portátiles modernos tienen un conmutador físico. + + +Pulse el Gestor de red en la bandeja de sistema y seleccione Gestionar conexiones.... + + +Si se ha realizado anteriormente una conexión a la red seleccionada, conéctese a dicha red pulsando sobre ella en la pestaña Inalámbrica. Si no se ha realizado anteriormente ninguna conexión a la red deseada, continuar con el siguiente procedimiento: + + +Pulse el botón Añadir... + + +Introduzca el SSID de la red nueva. se puede introducir manualmente si lo conoce. En caso contrario pulse el botón Explorar para buscar la red. + + +Introduzca cualquier otra información necesaria para la conexión, especialmente si el propietario ha establecido seguridad inalámbrica para la red. + + +Si la máquina ha sido conectada a la red inalámbrica previamente, Kubuntu puede conectar a la red inalámbrica cuando esté disponible. Esta selección debe ser hecha cuando se configura la conexión inicial a la red. +Cuando están disponibles las dos conexiones, cableada e inalámbrica, la cableada se usará de manera predeterminada. + + + +Banda ancha móvil +Banda ancha móvil significa cualquier conexión de alta velocidad a Internet que es proporcionada por un dispositivo externo como un dispositivo USB 3G o un teléfono móvil con capacidad de conexión de datos vía HSPA, UMTS o GPRS. Algunos equipos portátiles se ofertados con dispositivos de banda ancha integrados +La mayoría de dispositivos para conexión de banda ancha deben ser reconocidos automáticamente cuando son conectados al equipo. Si no, Kubuntu mostrará un aviso informando que el dispositivo requiere configuración manual. +Configurar la banda ancha móvil + +Pulse el Gestor de red en la bandeja de sistema y seleccione Gestionar conexiones.... + + +Seleccione la solapa Banda ancha móvil. + + +Pulse el botón Añadir... + + +El asistente para Nueva conexión de banda ancha se iniciará. Introduzca la información del dispositivo y de la portadora de señal. + + + + + + +Redes privadas virtuales - Virtual Private Networks (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) +Hay tres tipos de conexiones de red privada virtual (VPN) actualmente soportados por el Gestor de eed. Es importante saber el tipo de red VPN para conectarse a ella. +Conectarse a una VPN + +Inicie instalando network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp o network-manager-vpnc, dependiendo del tipo de red VPN + + +Pulse el Gestor de red en la bandeja de sistema y seleccione Gestionar conexiones... + + +Seleccione la solapa DSL. + + +Pulse el botón Añadir... + + +Configure la conexión VPN + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Conectar a <acronym>DSL</acronym> + +Pulse el Gestor de red en la bandeja de sistema y seleccione Gestionar conexiones... + + +Pulse la solapa DSL. + + +Pulse el botón Añadir... + + + + + +Módems +... + + + +Hacer red con otras máquinas y dispositivos +Para conectar con otras máquinas y compartir archivos, lea Temas de compartición. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/et/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/et/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/et/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/et/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,593 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Networking In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +See dokument pakub informatsiooni süsteemide seadistamise kohta, et ühenduda võrkudega, Internetiga ja teiste masinatega jagatud võrgus. + + + + +Juhtmega (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) + +With DHCP, settings are automatically configured by the +router. Wired network connections are selected as default when they are +connected and available. + + + +<acronym>DHCP</acronym> ühendused +Enamus ruutereid kasutavad DHCPd, et määrata IP aadresse. Ühendumiseks tee järgnevat: + + +Kliki süsteemisalves Võrguhalduri ikoonile. + + +Vali Juhtmega võrgust võrgu nimi, et luua ühendus. + + + + +Staatilised ühendused +DHCP asemel saab seadistada staatilist ühendust. +Staatilise ühenduse seadistamine + +Kliki süsteemisalves Võrguhaldurile ikoonile ning vali Ühenduste haldamine.... + + +Kliki Juhtmega kaardile. + + +Vali endale sobiv ühendus, kui see on saadaval ning kliki Redigeeri... nuppu. Kui ühendus pole saadaval, kliki Lisa... nuppu. + + +Vali Käsitsi valik Seadistamise hüpikmenüüst IP aadressi kaardilt. + + +Lisa üksikasjad ning kliki OK nuppu. + + +Kliki peaaknas OK nupule. + + + + + + + +Juhtmeta + +In some cases, the wireless network device may need a restricted driver in +order to operate. The best way to check this is to open the application named +Jockey. To open Jockey, go +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. If the wireless network device requires a restricted driver, +Jockey will provide that information and assist with +selecting, installing and activating the proper driver. When this step is +completed, wireless connections can be configured. The machine must be +rebooted before the newly installed, restricted driver will make the wireless +device work. + +Juhtmeta võrguga ühendumine + +Veendu, et juhtmeta seade on sisselülitatud. Enamik uutel sülearvutitel on mehaaniline lüliti võrguta ühenduse sisselülitamise jaoks. + + +Kliki süsteemisalves Võrguhaldurile ikoonile ning vali Ühenduste haldamine.... + + +Kui ühendus on loodud eelnevalt valitud võrguga, siis ühenda selle võrguga. Selleks kliki Juhtmeta kaardile. Kui ühendust ei looda, siis tee nii: + + +Kliki Lisa... nuppu. + + +Sisesta uude võrku SSID. Kui see on teada, on võimalik seda sisestada käsitsi. Kui see aga ei ole teada, siis vajuta Skaneeri nuppu, et otsida võrku. + + + +Enter any other information required for the connection, especially if +the owner has established wireless security for the network. + + + +Kui masin on eelnevalt ühendunud juhtmeta võrguga, siis Kubuntu ühendub sellega automaatselt, kui võrk on saadaval. See valik peab olema eelnevalt valitud, kui seadistatakse uut võrku. +Kui juhtmega ja juhtmeta võrguühendused on saadaval, siis vaikimisi kasutatakse juhtmega ühendust. + + + +Mobiiliühendus + +Mobile Broadband means any high speed Internet connection +that is provided by an external device such as a 3G +USB stick or mobile phone with built-in +HSPA, UMTS, or GPRS +data connection. Some laptops have been offered recently with mobile broadband +devices already installed. + +Enamik mobiiliühenduse seadmeid tunnistavad automaatselt seda, kui arvutiga on ühendus loodud. Kui mitte, siis Kubuntu kuvab info seadme seadistamise kohta. +Configure Mobile Broadband device + +Kliki süsteemisalves Võrguhaldurile ikoonile ning vali Ühenduste haldamine.... + + +Vali Mobiiliühenduse kaart. + + +Kliki Lisa... nuppu. + + + +The New Mobile Broadband Connection Wizard will be +displayed. Enter the device and carrier information. + + + + + + + +Virtuaalne privaatvõrk (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) +On olemas kolme tüüpi virtuaalseid privaatvõrke (VPNe) , mis on toetatud Võrguhalduris. Tähtis on teada VPN võrgu tüüpi, et sellega ühenduda. +Ühendumine VPNiga + + +Begin by installing network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, or network-manager-vpnc, depending on the +type of VPN network. + + + +Kliki Võrguhaldurile süsteemisalves ning vali Ühenduste haldamine... + + +Vali DSL kaart. + + +Kliki Lisa... nuppu. + + +VPN ühenduse seadistamine. + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +<acronym>DSL</acronym> seadistamine + +Kliki Võrguhaldurile süsteemisalves ning vali Ühenduste haldamine... + + +Kliki DSL kaardile + + +Kliki Lisa... nuppu. + + + + + +Modemid +... + + + +Networking with other machines and devices +Ühendu teiste masinatega, et jagada faile. Palun loe selleks Jagamise peatükki. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/fr/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/fr/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/fr/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/fr/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,684 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Networking In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information about configuring systems to connect +to networks, the Internet, and other machines on a shared network. + + + + + +Wired (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) + +With DHCP, settings are automatically configured by the +router. Wired network connections are selected as default when they are +connected and available. + + + +<acronym>DHCP</acronym> Connections + +Most routers use DHCP to allocate IP +addresses. To connect: + + + + +Click the NetworkManager icon in the System Tray. + + + + +Under Wired Network, select the name of the network to +make a connection. + + + + + +Static Connections + +Instead of DHCP, a static connection can be configured. + +Configure a static connection + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Click the Wired tab. + + + + +Select the desired connection if it is available and click the +Edit... button. If the proper connection is not +available, click the Add... button. + + + + +Choose Manual option in the Configure +drop down under the IP Address tab. + + + + +Enter the details and click the OK button. + + + + +Click the OK in the main window. + + + + + + + + +Wireless + +In some cases, the wireless network device may need a restricted driver in +order to operate. The best way to check this is to open the application named +Jockey. To open Jockey, go +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. If the wireless network device requires a restricted driver, +Jockey will provide that information and assist with +selecting, installing and activating the proper driver. When this step is +completed, wireless connections can be configured. The machine must be +rebooted before the newly installed, restricted driver will make the wireless +device work. + +Connecting to a wireless network + + +Ensure that the wireless device is turned on. Most modern laptop computers have +a physical switch for wireless. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in +the System Tray area and select Manage +Connections.... + + + + +If a connection has been made previouslyto the selected network, connect to that +network by clicking on it in the Wireless tab. If +no connection has been made to the desired network previously, continue with the +following procedure: + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Enter the SSID of the new network. It can be entered +manually if known. If not, press the Scan button to +search for the network. + + + + +Enter any other information required for the connection, especially if +the owner has established wireless security for the network. + + + + +If the machine has been connected to a wireless network previously, Kubuntu +can automatically connect to the network where it is available. This selection +option should be chosen when the initial connection to the network is being +configured. + + +When both wired and wireless network connections are available, the wired +connection will be used by default. + + + + +Mobile Broadband + +Mobile Broadband means any high speed Internet connection +that is provided by an external device such as a 3G +USB stick or mobile phone with built-in +HSPA, UMTS, or GPRS +data connection. Some laptops have been offered recently with mobile broadband +devices already installed. + + +Most Mobile Broadband devices should be recognized automatically when they +are connected to the computer. If not, Kubuntu will display a prompt that the +device requires configuration. + +Configure Mobile Broadband device + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Select the Mobile Broadband tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +The New Mobile Broadband Connection Wizard will be +displayed. Enter the device and carrier information. + + + + + + + +Virtual Private Networks (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) + +There are three types of Virtual Private Networks (VPN) that +are currently supported by NetworkManager. It is +important to know the type of VPN network in order to +connect to it. + +Connecting to a VPN + + +Begin by installing network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, or network-manager-vpnc, depending on the +type of VPN network. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Select the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Configure the VPN connection. + + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Connecting to <acronym>DSL</acronym> + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Click the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + + + +Modems + +... + + + + +Networking with other machines and devices + +To connect to other machines to share files and such, please read the Sharing topic. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/gl/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/gl/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/gl/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/gl/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Redes en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento fornece información sobre a configuración dos sistemas para conectarse a redes, Internet, e outras máquinas nunha rede compartida. + + + + +Cableada (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) +Con DHCP, a configuración realizaa o encamiñador automaticamente. As conexiones de rede cableadas seleccionanse de xeito predeterminado cando están conectadas e dispoñíbeis. + + +Conexións <acronym>DHCP</acronym> +A maioría dos encamiñadores empregan DHCP para asignar os enderezos IP. Para conectar: + + +Prema na icona Xestor de rede na área de notificación. + + +Baixo Rede con fíos , seleccione o nome da rede á que quere conectarse. + + + + +Conexións estáticas +No canto de DHCP, podese configurar unha conexión estática. +Configurar unha conexión estática + +Prema no Xestor de rede na área de notificación e seleccione Xestionar conexións.... + + +Prema o separador Con fíos. + + +Seleccione a conexión desexada se está dispoñíbel e prema no botón Editar.... Se a propia conexión non está dispoñíbel, prena no botón Engadir... + + +Escolla a opción Manual da lista despregábel Configurar baixo a lapela Enderezo IP. + + +Introduza os detalles e prema no botón Aceptar. + + +Prema no botón Aceptar na xanela principal. + + + + + + + +Sen fíos +Nalgúns casos, o dispositivo de rede sen fíos necesita un controlador propietario. O mellor xeito de sabelo é abrindo o aplicativo chamado Jockey. Para abrir Jockey vaia ao menú Lanzador de aplicativos Kickoff, AplicativosSistemaControladores de hardware. Se o dispositivo de rede sen fíos necesita un controlador restrinxido, Jockey fornecerá a información e asistirao coa selección, instalación e activación do controlador axeitado. Cando se teña completado este paso, poderá ser configurada a conexión sen fíos. A maquina deberá ser reiniciada para que o controlador recen instalado faga traballar o dispositivo de rede. +Conectar cunha red sen fíos + +Asegúrese de que o dispositivo sen fíos está aceso. A maioría dos equipos portátiles modernos teñen un conmutador físico. + + +Prema no Xestor de rede na área de notificación e seleccione Xestionar conexións.... + + +Se xa se fixo anteriormente algunha conexión á rede seleccionada, conectese a rede premendo na lapela Sen fíos. Polacontra, se nunca antes se fixera unha conexión na rede seleccionada continúe co seguinte procedimento: + + +Prema no botón Engadir... + + +Introduza o SSID da nova rede. pode introducilo manualmente se o coñece. Pola contra prema no botón Explorar para buscar a rede. + + +Introduza calquera outra información necesaria para a conexión, especialmente se o propietario estabeleceu seguranza sen fíos para a rede. + + +Se a máquina xa foi conectada anteriormente á rede sen fíos, Kubuntu pode conectar á rede sen fíos cando esté dispoñíbel. Esta selección debe facerse cando se configura a conexión inicial á rede. +Cando están dispoñíbeis as dúas conexións, cableada e sen fíos, a cableada usarase de xeito predeterminado. + + + +Banda larga móbil +Banda larga móbil significa calquera conexión de alta velocidade a Internet que é fornecida por un dispositivo externo como un dispositivo USB 3G ou un teléfono móbil con capacidade de conexión de datos vía HSPA, UMTS ou GPRS. Algúns equipos portátiles ofrecense con dispositivos de banda larga integrados +A maioría dos dispositivos para conexión de banda larga deben ser recoñecidos automaticamente cando son conectados ao computador. Se non, Kubuntu mostrará un aviso informando de que o dispositivo require configuración manual. +Configurar dispositivo de banda larga móbil + +Prema no Xestor de rede na área de notificación e seleccione Xestionar conexións.... + + +Seleccione a táboa banda larga móbil + + +Prema no botón Engadir... + + +Iniciarase o asistente para Nova conexión de banda larga. Introduza a información do dispositivo e da operadora. + + + + + + +Redes privadas virtuais - Virtual Private Networks (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) +Hai tres tipos de conexións de rede privada virtual (VPN) actualmente admitidas polo Xestor de rede. É importante saber o tipo de rede VPN para poder conectarse a ela. +Conectarse a unha VPN + +Comeze instalando network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp ou network-manager-vpnc, dependendo do tipo de rede VPN + + +Prema no Xestor de rede na área de notificación e seleccione Xestionar conexións... + + +Seleccione a lapela DSL. + + +Prema no botón Engadir... + + +Configurar a conexión VPN. + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Conectando a <acronym>DSL</acronym> + +Prema no Xestor de rede na área de notificación e seleccione Xestionar conexións... + + +Prema na lapela DSL. + + +Prema no botón Engadir.... + + + + + +Módems +... + + + +Facer unha rede con outras máquinas e dispositivos +Para conectar con outras máquinas e compartir ficheiros, lea Temas de compartición. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/it/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/it/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/it/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/it/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestire reti in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento fornisce informazioni sulla configurazione dei sistemi per il loro collegamento a reti, a Internet e a altre macchine di una rete condivisa. + +https://launchpad.net/people/ubuntu-l10n-it Luca Padrin <luca@mandarinlogiq.org>, 2006. Dario Cavedon <dcavedon@gmail.com>, 2006.Ubuntu Italian Translators + + +Via cavo (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) +Con DHCP, le impostazioni sono automaticamente configurate dal router. le connessioni di rete cablate sono selezionate come predefinite quando sono collegate e disponibili. + + +Connessioni <acronym>DHCP</acronym> +La maggior parte dei router utilizzano DHCP per allocare gli indirizzi IP. Per collegarsi: + + +Fate clic sull'icona Gestore di rete nel vassoio di sistema. + + +Sotto Rete cablata, selezionate il nome della rete per creare un collegamento. + + + + +Connessioni statiche +Anziché DHCP, si può configurare una connessione statica. +Configurare una connessione statica + +Fate clic su Gestore di rete nel vassoio di sistema e selezionate Gestisci le connessioni.... + + +Fare clic sulla scheda Via cavo. + + +Selezionate la connessione desiderata, se disponibile, e fate clic sul pulsante Modifica.... Se la connessione appropriata non è disponibile, premete il pulsante Aggiungi.... + + +Scegliete l'opzione Manuale nel menu Configura a discesa sotto la scheda Indirizzo IP. + + +Inserite i dettagli e fate clic sul pulsante OK. + + +Fate clic su OK nella finestra principale. + + + + + + + +Senza fili +In alcuni casi, il dispositivo di rete senza fili potrebbe necessitare di un driver proprietario per operare. Il modo migliore per saperlo è aprire l'applicazione Jockey. Per aprirla, andate in Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaHardware Drivers. Se il dispositivo di rete senza fili necessita di un driver proprietario, Jockey vi informerà e assisterà alla selezione, installazione e attivazione del driver corretto. Una volta completato questo passo, le connessioni possono essere configurate. Il computer deve essere riavviato affinché il nuovo driver proprietario installato permetta al dispositivo senza fili di funzionare. +Collegarsi a una rete senza fili + +Assicuratevi che il dispositivo senza fili sia acceso. La maggior parte dei computer portatili moderni hanno un interruttore fisico di attivazione. + + +Fate clic su Gestore di rete nel vassoio di sistema e selezionate Gestisci le connessioni.... + + +Se è stata eseguita precedentemente una connessione alla rete selezionata, collegatevi a quella rete facendo clic su di essa nella scheda Senza fili. Se non è stata eseguita precedentemente una connessione alla rete prescelta, eseguite la seguente procedura: + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Aggiungi.... + + +Inserite l'SSID della nuova rete. Può essere digitata manualmente, se lo si conosce. Se non lo si conosce, premete il pulsante Ricerca per cercare la rete. + + +Inserite ogni altra informazione richiesta per la connessione, soprattutto se il proprietario ha impostato un livello di sicurezza per la rete senza fili. + + +Se il computer è stato collegato precedentemente a una rete senza fili, Kubuntu può automaticamente collegarsi alla rete, quando disponibile. Questa opzione di selezione deve essere scelta all'inizio della configurazione della prima connessione. +Quando sono disponibile sia la rete cablata, sia quella senza fili, la connessione via cavo verrà scelta come predefinita. + + + +Banda larga mobile +Banda larga mobile indica qualsiasi connessione Internet ad alta velocità fornita da un dispositivo esterno, quale una penna USB3G o un telefono cellulare con tecnologia incorporata di connessione dati in HSPA, UMTS o GPRS. Ultimamente diversi computer portatili vengono forniti con dispositivi di banda larga mobile già installati. +La maggior parte dei dispositivi a banda larga mobile dovrebbero essere riconosciuti quando vengono connessi al computer. Se non succede, Kubuntu visualizzerà un avviso che il dispositivo necessita di essere configurato. +Configurare un dispositivo a banda larga mobile + +Fate clic su Gestore di rete nel vassoio di sistema e selezionate Gestisci le connessioni.... + + +Selezionare la scheda Banda larga mobile. + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Aggiungi.... + + +Sarà visualizzata la procedura guidata della nuova connessione a banda larga mobile. Inserite le informazioni per il dispositivo e la portante. + + + + + + +Virtual Private Networks (<acronym>VPN</acronym>, 'Reti private virtuali') +Esistono tre tipi di Virtual Private Networks (VPN, 'Reti private virtuali') attualmente supportate da Gestore di rete. È importante conoscere il tipo di rete VPN per connettersi ad essa. +Collegarsi a una VPN + +Iniziate con l'installazione di network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp o network-manager-vpnc, a seconda del tipo di rete VPN. + + +Fate clic su Gestore di rete nel vassoio di sistema e selezionate Gestisci le connessioni... + + +Selezionate la scheda DSL. + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Aggiungi.... + + +Configurate la connessione VPN. + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Collegarsi alla <acronym>DSL</acronym> + +Fate clic su Gestore di rete nel vassoio di sistema e selezionate Gestisci le connessioni... + + +Fate clic sulla scheda DSL. + + +Fate clic sul pulsante Aggiungi.... + + + + + +Modem +... + + + +Collegarsi in rete con altre computer e dispositivi +Per collegarsi con altri computer per la condivisione di file e altro, consultate l'argomento Condivisione. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/km/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/km/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/km/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/km/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,684 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Networking In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information about configuring systems to connect +to networks, the Internet, and other machines on a shared network. + + + + + +Wired (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) + +With DHCP, settings are automatically configured by the +router. Wired network connections are selected as default when they are +connected and available. + + + +<acronym>DHCP</acronym> Connections + +Most routers use DHCP to allocate IP +addresses. To connect: + + + + +Click the NetworkManager icon in the System Tray. + + + + +Under Wired Network, select the name of the network to +make a connection. + + + + + +Static Connections + +Instead of DHCP, a static connection can be configured. + +Configure a static connection + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Click the Wired tab. + + + + +Select the desired connection if it is available and click the +Edit... button. If the proper connection is not +available, click the Add... button. + + + + +Choose Manual option in the Configure +drop down under the IP Address tab. + + + + +Enter the details and click the OK button. + + + + +Click the OK in the main window. + + + + + + + + +Wireless + +In some cases, the wireless network device may need a restricted driver in +order to operate. The best way to check this is to open the application named +Jockey. To open Jockey, go +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. If the wireless network device requires a restricted driver, +Jockey will provide that information and assist with +selecting, installing and activating the proper driver. When this step is +completed, wireless connections can be configured. The machine must be +rebooted before the newly installed, restricted driver will make the wireless +device work. + +Connecting to a wireless network + + +Ensure that the wireless device is turned on. Most modern laptop computers have +a physical switch for wireless. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in +the System Tray area and select Manage +Connections.... + + + + +If a connection has been made previouslyto the selected network, connect to that +network by clicking on it in the Wireless tab. If +no connection has been made to the desired network previously, continue with the +following procedure: + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Enter the SSID of the new network. It can be entered +manually if known. If not, press the Scan button to +search for the network. + + + + +Enter any other information required for the connection, especially if +the owner has established wireless security for the network. + + + + +If the machine has been connected to a wireless network previously, Kubuntu +can automatically connect to the network where it is available. This selection +option should be chosen when the initial connection to the network is being +configured. + + +When both wired and wireless network connections are available, the wired +connection will be used by default. + + + + +Mobile Broadband + +Mobile Broadband means any high speed Internet connection +that is provided by an external device such as a 3G +USB stick or mobile phone with built-in +HSPA, UMTS, or GPRS +data connection. Some laptops have been offered recently with mobile broadband +devices already installed. + + +Most Mobile Broadband devices should be recognized automatically when they +are connected to the computer. If not, Kubuntu will display a prompt that the +device requires configuration. + +Configure Mobile Broadband device + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Select the Mobile Broadband tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +The New Mobile Broadband Connection Wizard will be +displayed. Enter the device and carrier information. + + + + + + + +Virtual Private Networks (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) + +There are three types of Virtual Private Networks (VPN) that +are currently supported by NetworkManager. It is +important to know the type of VPN network in order to +connect to it. + +Connecting to a VPN + + +Begin by installing network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, or network-manager-vpnc, depending on the +type of VPN network. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Select the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Configure the VPN connection. + + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Connecting to <acronym>DSL</acronym> + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Click the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + + + +Modems + +... + + + + +Networking with other machines and devices + +To connect to other machines to share files and such, please read the Sharing topic. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/pt_BR/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/pt_BR/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/pt_BR/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/pt_BR/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Rede no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Esta documentação disponbiliza informações sobre como configurar o sistema para acessar redes, à Internet, e a outras máquinas em uma rede compartilhada. + + + + +Rede com fio (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) +Com o DHCP, as configurações são automaticamente ajustadas pelo roteador. As conexões de rede com fio são selecionadas como padrão quando estiverem conectadas e disponíveis. + + +Conexões <acronym>DHCP</acronym> +A maioria dos roteadores utiliza o DHCP para alocar endereços IP. Para se conectar: + + +Clique no ícone do Gerenciador de Redes na área de notificação do sistema. + + +Sobre Rede com fio, selecione o nome da rede para fazer a conexão. + + + + +Conexões estáticas +Em vez de DHCP, uma conexão estática pode ser configurada. +Configure uma conexão estática + +Clique no Gerenciador de rede na área de notificação do sistema e selecione Gerenciar conexões.... + + +Clique na aba com fio. + + +Selecione a conexão desejada se ela estiver disponível e clique no botão Editar.... Se a conexão apropriada não estiver disponível, clique no botão Adicionar... + + +Escolha a opção Manual no menu desdobrável Configuração sob a guia Endereço IP. + + +Informe os detalhes e clique no botão OK. + + +Clique em OK na janela principal. + + + + + + + +Sem fio +Em alguns casos, o dispositivo de rede sem-fio pode necessitar de um driver restrito para poder funcionar. A melhor maneira de conferir isto é abrir o aplicativo chamado Jockey. Para abrir o Jockey, vá até o Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosSistemaDrivers de Hardware. Se o dispositivo de rede sem-fio necessitar de um driver restrito, o Jockey irá fornecer esta informação e ajudar a selecionar, instalar e ativar o driver adequado. Quando esta etapa estiver completa, as conexões sem-fio poderão ser configuradas. O computador deverá ser reiniciado antes que o driver restrito recém-instalado faça o dispositivo sem-fio funcionar. +Conectando em uma rede sem fio + +Tenha certeza de que o dispositivo de rede sem fio está ligado. A maioria dos laptops modernos possuem um botão físico para alternar a rede sem fio. + + +Clique no Gerenciador de rede na área de notificação do sistema e selecione Gerenciar conexões.... + + +Se uma conexão foi feita anteriormente na rede selecionada, conecte nessa rede clicando na aba Rede sem fio. Se nenhuma conexão foi feita anteriormente na rede desejada, continue com o procedimento a seguir: + + +Clique no botão Adicionar.... + + +Forneça o SSID da nova rede. Ele pode ser fornecido manualmente, se for conhecido. Caso não seja, pressione o botão Pesquisar para pesquisar pela rede. + + +Informe qualquer outra informação necessária para a conexão, especialmente se o dono estabeleceu segurança rede sem fio para a rede. + + +Se a máquina esteve conectada a uma rede sem fio anteriormente, o Kubuntu pode conectar automaticamente à rede onde ela estiver disponível. Esta opção de seleção deve ser escolhida quando a conexão inicial estiver sendo configurada. +Quando ambas conexões com e sem fio estiverem disponíveis, a conexão com fio será usada por padrão. + + + +Banda larga móvel +Banda-Larga Móvel significa qualquer conexão de Internet de alta velocidade que é provida por um dispositivo externo, tal como um stick 3GUSB ou um telefone celular com HSPA embutido, UMTS, ou conexão de dados GPRS. Alguns laptops recentemente têm sido vendidos com dispositivos de banda-larga móvel já instalados. +A maioria dos dispositivos de banda-larga móvel deve ser reconhecida automaticamente quando conectados ao computador. Se isto não ocorrer, o Kubuntu irá exibir uma mensagem indicando que o dispositivo precisa ser configurado. +Configurar dispositivo de banda larga móvel + +Clique no Gerenciador de rede na área de notificação do sistema e selecione Gerenciar conexões.... + + +Selecione a tabela banda larga móvel + + +Clique no botão Adicionar.... + + +O assistente de Novas conexões de banda-larga móvel será exibido. Forneça as informações do dispositivo e da portadora. + + + + + + +Redes Privadas Virtuais (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) +Há três tipos de Redes Privadas Virtuais (VPN) que são suportadas atualmente pelo Gerenciador de rede. É importante conhecer o tipo da rede VPN de modo a conectar a ela. +Conectando a uma VPN + +Comece instalando network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, ou network-manager-vpnc, dependendo do tipo de rede VPN. + + +Clique no Gerenciador de Rede na área de notificação do sistema e selecione Gerenciar conexões... + + +Selecione a aba DSL. + + +Clique no botão Adicionar.... + + +Configurar a conexão VPN. + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Conectando a <acronym>DSL</acronym> + +Clique no Gerenciador de Rede na área de notificação do sistema e selecione Gerenciar conexões... + + +Clique na aba DSL. + + +Clique no botão Adicionar... + + + + + +Modems +... + + + +Estabelecendo uma rede com outras máquinas e dispositivos +Para conectar a outras máquinas para compartilhar arquivos e similares, por favor leia Tópico: compartilhamento. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/ru/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/ru/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/ru/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/ru/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,677 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Сеть в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ содержит информацию о настройке системы для подключения к сети, Интернету или другим машинам в открытой сети. + + + + +Проводная сеть (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) +При использовании DHCP, роутер настроится самостоятельно. Проводная сети будет выбрана по умолчанию, когда станет доступной. + + +<acronym>DHCP</acronym> подключения + +Most routers use DHCP to allocate IP +addresses. To connect: + + + + +Click the NetworkManager icon in the System Tray. + + + + +Under Wired Network, select the name of the network to +make a connection. + + + + + +Static Connections + +Instead of DHCP, a static connection can be configured. + +Configure a static connection + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Click the Wired tab. + + + + +Select the desired connection if it is available and click the +Edit... button. If the proper connection is not +available, click the Add... button. + + + + +Choose Manual option in the Configure +drop down under the IP Address tab. + + + + +Enter the details and click the OK button. + + + + +Click the OK in the main window. + + + + + + + + +Wireless + +In some cases, the wireless network device may need a restricted driver in +order to operate. The best way to check this is to open the application named +Jockey. To open Jockey, go +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. If the wireless network device requires a restricted driver, +Jockey will provide that information and assist with +selecting, installing and activating the proper driver. When this step is +completed, wireless connections can be configured. The machine must be +rebooted before the newly installed, restricted driver will make the wireless +device work. + +Connecting to a wireless network + + +Ensure that the wireless device is turned on. Most modern laptop computers have +a physical switch for wireless. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in +the System Tray area and select Manage +Connections.... + + + + +If a connection has been made previouslyto the selected network, connect to that +network by clicking on it in the Wireless tab. If +no connection has been made to the desired network previously, continue with the +following procedure: + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Enter the SSID of the new network. It can be entered +manually if known. If not, press the Scan button to +search for the network. + + + + +Enter any other information required for the connection, especially if +the owner has established wireless security for the network. + + + + +If the machine has been connected to a wireless network previously, Kubuntu +can automatically connect to the network where it is available. This selection +option should be chosen when the initial connection to the network is being +configured. + + +When both wired and wireless network connections are available, the wired +connection will be used by default. + + + + +Mobile Broadband + +Mobile Broadband means any high speed Internet connection +that is provided by an external device such as a 3G +USB stick or mobile phone with built-in +HSPA, UMTS, or GPRS +data connection. Some laptops have been offered recently with mobile broadband +devices already installed. + + +Most Mobile Broadband devices should be recognized automatically when they +are connected to the computer. If not, Kubuntu will display a prompt that the +device requires configuration. + +Configure Mobile Broadband device + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Select the Mobile Broadband tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +The New Mobile Broadband Connection Wizard will be +displayed. Enter the device and carrier information. + + + + + + + +Virtual Private Networks (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) + +There are three types of Virtual Private Networks (VPN) that +are currently supported by NetworkManager. It is +important to know the type of VPN network in order to +connect to it. + +Connecting to a VPN + + +Begin by installing network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, or network-manager-vpnc, depending on the +type of VPN network. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Select the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Configure the VPN connection. + + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Connecting to <acronym>DSL</acronym> + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Click the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + + + +Modems + +... + + + + +Networking with other machines and devices + +To connect to other machines to share files and such, please read the Sharing topic. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/sr/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/sr/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/sr/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/sr/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,684 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Networking In <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document provides information about configuring systems to connect +to networks, the Internet, and other machines on a shared network. + + + + + +Wired (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) + +With DHCP, settings are automatically configured by the +router. Wired network connections are selected as default when they are +connected and available. + + + +<acronym>DHCP</acronym> Connections + +Most routers use DHCP to allocate IP +addresses. To connect: + + + + +Click the NetworkManager icon in the System Tray. + + + + +Under Wired Network, select the name of the network to +make a connection. + + + + + +Static Connections + +Instead of DHCP, a static connection can be configured. + +Configure a static connection + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Click the Wired tab. + + + + +Select the desired connection if it is available and click the +Edit... button. If the proper connection is not +available, click the Add... button. + + + + +Choose Manual option in the Configure +drop down under the IP Address tab. + + + + +Enter the details and click the OK button. + + + + +Click the OK in the main window. + + + + + + + + +Wireless + +In some cases, the wireless network device may need a restricted driver in +order to operate. The best way to check this is to open the application named +Jockey. To open Jockey, go +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemHardware Deivers. If the wireless network device requires a restricted driver, +Jockey will provide that information and assist with +selecting, installing and activating the proper driver. When this step is +completed, wireless connections can be configured. The machine must be +rebooted before the newly installed, restricted driver will make the wireless +device work. + +Connecting to a wireless network + + +Ensure that the wireless device is turned on. Most modern laptop computers have +a physical switch for wireless. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in +the System Tray area and select Manage +Connections.... + + + + +If a connection has been made previouslyto the selected network, connect to that +network by clicking on it in the Wireless tab. If +no connection has been made to the desired network previously, continue with the +following procedure: + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Enter the SSID of the new network. It can be entered +manually if known. If not, press the Scan button to +search for the network. + + + + +Enter any other information required for the connection, especially if +the owner has established wireless security for the network. + + + + +If the machine has been connected to a wireless network previously, Kubuntu +can automatically connect to the network where it is available. This selection +option should be chosen when the initial connection to the network is being +configured. + + +When both wired and wireless network connections are available, the wired +connection will be used by default. + + + + +Mobile Broadband + +Mobile Broadband means any high speed Internet connection +that is provided by an external device such as a 3G +USB stick or mobile phone with built-in +HSPA, UMTS, or GPRS +data connection. Some laptops have been offered recently with mobile broadband +devices already installed. + + +Most Mobile Broadband devices should be recognized automatically when they +are connected to the computer. If not, Kubuntu will display a prompt that the +device requires configuration. + +Configure Mobile Broadband device + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections.... + + + + +Select the Mobile Broadband tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +The New Mobile Broadband Connection Wizard will be +displayed. Enter the device and carrier information. + + + + + + + +Virtual Private Networks (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) + +There are three types of Virtual Private Networks (VPN) that +are currently supported by NetworkManager. It is +important to know the type of VPN network in order to +connect to it. + +Connecting to a VPN + + +Begin by installing network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, or network-manager-vpnc, depending on the +type of VPN network. + + + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Select the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + +Configure the VPN connection. + + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Connecting to <acronym>DSL</acronym> + + +Click the NetworkManager in the +System Tray area and select Manage Connections... + + + + +Click the DSL tab. + + + + +Click the Add... button. + + + + + + +Modems + +... + + + + +Networking with other machines and devices + +To connect to other machines to share files and such, please read the Sharing topic. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/sv/network.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/sv/network.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/network/sv/network.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/network/sv/network.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Nätverk i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument tillhandahåller information om att konfigurera systemet till att ansluta till nätverk, internet och andra maskiner på ett nätverk. + + + + +Trådbundet (<acronym>LAN</acronym>) +Med DHCP, konfigureras inställningarna automatiskt av routern. Trådbunden nätverksanslutning blir valt som standard när de är anslutna och tillgängliga. + + +<acronym>DHCP</acronym>-anslutningar +De flesta routrar använder DHCP till att allokera IP adresser. För att ansluta: + + +Klicka på ikonen för Nätverkshanteraren i systempanelen. + + +Under Nätverksgränssnitt, välj namnet på det nätverk du vill ansluta till. + + + + +Fasta anslutningar +Istället för DHCP, kan en statisk anslutning konfigureras. +Konfigurera en fast anslutning + +Klicka på NNätverkshanteraren i systempanelen och välj Hantera anslutningar.... + + +Klicka på fliken Trådbundet. + + +Välj den önskade anslutningen om den finns tillgänglig och klicka på knappen Redigera.... Om korrekt anslutning inte är tillgänglig, klicka på knappen Lägg till.... + + +Välj alternativet Manuell i rullgardinsmenyn under Metod i fliken IP Adress. + + +Ange informationen och klicka på knappen OK. + + +Klicka på OK i huvudfönstret. + + + + + + + +Trådlöst +I en del fall kan trådlösa nätverksenheter behöva proprietära drivrutiner för att fungera. Det bästa sättet för att kontrollera detta är att öppna ett program som heter Jockey. För att öppna Jockey, gå till Kickoff programstartProgramSystemHårdvarudrivrutiner. Om den trådlösa nätverksenheten kräver en proprietär drivrutin, kan, Jockey tillhandahålla den informationen och hjälpa till medatt välja, installera och aktivera rätt drivrutin. När detta steg är avslutat, kan den trådlösa anslutningen konfigureras. Datorn måste startas om innan den nyinstallerade drivrutinen får den trådlösa enheten att fungera. +Anslut till ett trådlöst nätverk + +Säkerställ att den trådlösa enheten är på. De flesta moderna bärbara datorerna har en fysisk omkopplare för trådlöst. + + +Klicka på NNätverkshanteraren i systempanelen och välj Hantera anslutningar.... + + +Om den tidigare varit ansluten till det trådlösa nätverket, välj nätverket genom att klicka på det under fliken Trådlös. Om ingen anslutning tidigare har gjorts till det önskade nätverket, fortsätt med följande förfarande: + + +Klicka på knappen Lägg till.... + + +Ange SSID för det nya nätverket. Det kan anges manuellt om det är känt. Om inte, klicka på knappen Sök för att söka efter nätverket. + + +Ange all övrig information som krävs för anslutningen, särskilt om ägaren har etablerat trådlös säkerhet för nätverket. + + +Om datorn varit tidigare varit ansluten till ett trådlöst nätverk, då kan Kubuntu automatiskt ansluta till nätverket där det är tillgängligt. Detta alternativ skall väljas vid den första konfigureringen av anslutningen . +När både trådbundet och trådlöst nätverk finns tillgängligt, används som standard det trådbundna. + + + +Mobilt bredband +Med Mobilt bredband menas en höghastighetsanslutning till internet som tillhandahålls utav en extern enhet såsom en 3GUSB-sticka eller mobiltelefon med inbyggt HSPA, UMTS, eller GPRS data anslutning. En del bärbara datorer har nyligen börjat säljas med förinstallerade mobila bredbandsenheter. +De flesta mobila bredbandsenheter bör kännas igen automatiskt när de är ansluts till datorn. Om inte, kommer Kubuntu att upplysa om att enheten måste konfigureras. +Konfigurera enhet för mobilt bredband + +Klicka på NNätverkshanteraren i systempanelen och välj Hantera anslutningar.... + + +Välj fliken Mobilt bredband. + + +Klicka på knappen Lägg till.... + + +Guiden för Nytt mobilt bredbandsanslutning startar. Ange enhet och operatörsinformation. + + + + + + +Virtuella privata nätverk (<acronym>VPN</acronym>) +Det finns tre typer av virituella privata nätverk (VPN) som förnärvarande stöds utav Nätverkshanteraren. Det är viktigt att veta vilken typ av VPN-nätverk det är för att kunna ansluta till det. +Anslut till ett VPN + +Börja med att installera network-manager-openvpn, network-manager-pptp, eller network-manager-vpnc, beroende på vilken typ utav VPN-nätverk. + + +Klicka på ikonen för Nätverkshanteraren i systembrickan och välj Hantera anslutningar... + + +välj fliken DSL. + + +Klicka på knappen Lägg till.... + + +Konfigurera VPN-anslutningen. + + + + + +<acronym>DSL</acronym> +Ansluter till <acronym>DSL</acronym> + +Klicka på ikonen för Nätverkshanteraren i systembrickan och välj Hantera anslutningar... + + +Klicka på fliken DSL. + + +Klicka på knappen Lägg till.... + + + + + +Modem +... + + + +Nätverk med andra maskiner och enheter +Att ansluta till andra datorer, dela filer och sådant, läs mer om ämnet under delning. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/de/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/de/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/de/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/de/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Büro und Produktivität +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument enthält Information über die installierten und verfügbaren Büroanwendungen für Kubuntu. + + + + +Einleitung + +Die Standard-Anwendung für Kubuntu ist OpenOffice.org 3.2. Dieses Büro-Paket umfasst die Programme Writer (Textverarbeitung), Calc (Tabellenkalkulation), Impress (Präsentationsprogramm), Base (Datenbank), Draw (Zeichenprogramm) und Math (Formeleditor). Bei diesem Programmpaket handelt es sich um ein gleichwertiges Gegenstück aus der OpenSource-Welt zu Microsofts Office-Paket. Einige Programme sind direkt vergleichbar. Calc etwa mit Excel, Writer mit Word und Impress ist vergleichbar mit PowerPoint, so wie Base mit Access. OpenOffice.org-Anwendungen arbeiten gut mit Dokumenten die in MS-Office erstellt wurden - mit der Ausnahme von Microsoft Access-Dateien. + +Alle diese Einzelprogramme sind bereits standardmäßig installiert. Kubuntu hat die Namen der angezeigten Titel im Kickoff Anwendungs-Starter geändert, um ihre Aufgaben zu verdeutlichen. Für weitere Informationen wird ein Besuch der OpenOffice.org-Webseite empfohlen, die unter OpenOffice.org zu finden ist. + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Präsentation) kann für die Erstellung von Präsentationen genutzt werden. Die meisten PowerPoint-Dateien können fehlerfrei geöffnet werden. OpenOffice.org Impress wird gestartet über Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeBüroprogrammePräsentation (OpenOffice.org Präsentation). + + + +OpenOffice.org Cald (Tabellenkalkulation) ist ein vollständiges Tabellen-Kalkulations-Programm. Calc unterstützt mehre Dokumente, besitzt eingebaute Funktionen und kann auch die meisten Dateien im Microsoft Excel-Format lesen. OpenOffice.org Calc wird gestartet über Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeBüroprogrammeTabellelkalkulation (OpenOffice.org Tabellenkalkulation). + + + +OpenOffice.org Write (Textverarbeitung) ist eine komplette Textverarbeitung mit der man einfache oder komplexe Dokumente erstellen kann. Writer kann gestartet werden über Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeBüroprogrammeTextverarbeitung (OpenOffice.org Textverarbeitung). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw bietet komplexe Funktionalität um Zeichnungen, Diagramme und andere geschäftlichen Grafiken zu erstellen. Das Programm ist objekt-ortientiert und erlaubt die Schichtung der Arbeit in mehrere Ebenen. Draw findet man unter Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeBüroprogrammeZeichnung (OpenOffice.org Zeichnung). + + + + + + +Datenbank-Anwendung + +Kubuntu wird nicht mit einer Standard-Datenbank ausgeliefert. Dennoch gibt es Auswahlmöglichkeiten. + +OpenOffice.org Base ist der Datenbank-Teil des OpenOffice.org-Pakets. Base befindet sich in der Main-Paketquelle. Informationen hierzu finden sich unter Programme hinzufügen in der Hilfe zur Programminstallation. + + + +Kexi ist eine weitere Möglichkeit für eine Datenbank. Kexi ist Bestandteil des KDE-KOffice Programmpakets und integriert sich nahtlos in KDE. Kexi befindet sich in der Main-Paketquelle. Informationen hierzu finden sich unter Programme hinzufügen in der Hilfe zur Programminstallation. + + Es wird empfohlen beide Datenbank-Programme zu versuchen, um zu sehen welche am besten die anstehenden Aufgaben bearbeitet. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/es/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/es/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/es/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/es/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Oficina y productividad +&legalnotice; + +Este documento contiene información de las aplicaciones Office instaladas y disponibles para Kubuntu. + + + + +Introducción + +La aplicación de oficina predeterminada en Kubuntu es OpenOffice.org 3.2. esta suite de oficina incluye Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress y Math. Esta suite es la equivalente a la suite Microsoft Office pero en código abierto, y cada aplicación corresponde a un producto similar en esta línea. Calc es similar a Excel, Writer es como Word, Impress es similar a PowerPoint, Base y Access tienen funciones similares. Las aplicaciones de OpenOffice.org trabajan bien con los archivos creados por su contraparte en Microsoft, con la excepción de los archivos de Microsoft Access. + +Todas estas aplicaciones se instalan por defecto. Kubuntu tiene renombrados los títulos listados en el Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff para reflejar como se usan las aplicaciones. Para más información visite OpenOffice.org, que se encuentra en OpenOffice.org. + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Presentación)se puede usar para crear presentaciones. La mayoría de los archivos de PowerPoint pùeden abrirse sin problemas en Impress. OpenOffice.org Impress se puede lanzar yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesOficinaPresentación (Presentación de OpenOffice.org). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Hoja de cálculo) es un programa completo de hoja de cálculo. Calc permite múltiples hojas de cálculo, funciones y puede leer y escribir la mayoría de los formatos de Microsoft Excel. OpenOffice.org Calc se puede lanzar yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesOficinaHoja de cálculo (Hoja de cálculo de OpenOffice.org). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Procesador de texto) es un completo procesador de texto que puede crear documentos sencillos o complejos. Writer se puede lanzar yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesOficinaProcesador de texto (Procesador de texto de OpenOffice.org). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw proporciona funcionalidad compleja para crear dibujos, diagramas, cuadros y otros gráficos empresariales. La aplicación está orientada a objetos y permite capas de varios paneles de trabajo. Draw se puede lanzar desde cualquier otra aplicación OpenOffice o pulsando AltF2 y tecleando oodraw y pulsando el botón Aceptar. + + + + + + +Aplicación de base de datos + +Kubuntu no viene con una aplicación de bases de datos predeterminada. Hay distintas opciones entre las que elegir. + +OpenOffice.org Base es la base de datos de la suite OpenOffice.org. Base está en el repositorio Main. vaya a la documentación Añadir aplicaciones para encontrar ayuda en la instalación. + + + +Kexi es otra elección para una aplicación de base de datos. Kexi es parte de la suite KOffice de KDE y pretende integrarse mejor con KDE. Kexi está en el repositorio Main. Vaya a la documentación Añadir aplicaciones para encontrar ayuda en la instalación. + + Es recomendable intentar ambas aplicaciones de bases de datos para ver cual trabaja mejor en una situación dada. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/fr/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/fr/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/fr/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/fr/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bureautique et productivité +&legalnotice; + +Ce" document contient des informations concernant les applications bureautiques pré-installées ou disponibles pour Kubuntu. + + + + +Introduction + +L'application bureautique installée par défaut dans Kubuntu est OpenOffice.org 3.2. Cette suite bureautique est composée de Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress et Math. Cette suite est l'équivalent libre de la suite Microsoft Office et chaque application correspond à un produit similaire de cette dernière. Calc est comparable à Excel, Writer est comme Word, Impress est comparable à Powerpoint, Base et Access partagent des fonctions similaires. Les applications OpenOffice.org fonctionnent bien avec les fichiers générés par leurs équivalents Microsoft, à l'exception des fichiers Microsoft Access. + +Toutes ces applications sont installées par défaut. Kubuntu a modifié les titres affichés dans le Lanceur d'applications Kickoff pour refléter l'usage des applications. Pour plus d'informations, découvrez la suite OpenOffice.org surOpenOffice.org. + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Présentation) permet de créer des présentations. La plupart des fichiers PowerPoint peuvent être ouverts sans problème par Impress. OpenOffice.org Impress peut être lancé via Lanceur d'applications KickoffApplicationsOfficePrésentation (OpenOffice.org Présentation). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Tableur) est un programme complet de gestion de feuilles de calcul. Calc offre la gestion de feuilles de calcul multiples, des fonctions intégrées et sait ouvrir et sauvegarder les fichiers sous la plupart des formats de Microsoft Excel. OpenOffice.org Calc peut être lancé via Lanceur d'applications KickoffApplicationsOfficeTableur (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Traitement de texte) est un traitement de texte complet permettant de créer des documents simples ou complexes. Writer peut être lancé via Lanceur d'applications KickoffApplicationsOfficeTraitement de texte (OpenOffice.org Word Processor). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw met à votre disposition des fonctionnalités complexes permettant de créer dessins, schémas, diagrammes et autres graphiques commerciaux. Cette application orientée objet permet le travail par superposition de couches gérées par des onglets. Draw peut être lancé depuis toute application OpenOffice ou par un appui sur la combinaison de touches AltF2 et en tapant oodraw avant de cliquer sur Ok. + + + + + + +Application Base de données + +Kubuntu n'intègre pas de logiciel de base de données par défaut. Cependant, différents choix sont possibles. + +OpenOffice.org Base est la base de données qui fait partie de la suite OpenOffice.org. Base se trouve dans le dépôt Main. Merci de consulter le guide d'Installation d'une application pour toute aide sur son installation. + + + +Kexi est un autre choix de base de données possible. Kexi fait partie de la suite KDE KOffice et s'intègre globalement mieux à KDE. Kexi se trouve dans le dépôt Main. Merci de consulter le guide d'Installation d'une application pour toute aide sur son installation. + + Il est recommandé d'essayer les deux applications disponibles afin de décider de celle qui convient le mieux à chaque situation donnée. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/gl/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/gl/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/gl/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/gl/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,507 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Office and Productivity +&legalnotice; + +This document contains information on the installed and available Office +applications for Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introdución + + +The default office application in Kubuntu is OpenOffice.org 3.2. This office +suite includes Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress and Math. This suite is the +open source equivalent of the Microsoft Office suite, and each application +corresponds to a similar product in that line. Calc is similar to Excel, Writer +is like Word, Impress is similar to PowerPoint, Base and Access have similar +functions. OpenOffice.org applications work well with the files created by their +Microsoft counterparts, with the exception of Microsoft Access files. + +All of these applications are installed by default. Kubuntu has renamed +the titles listed in the Kickoff Application Launcher +to reflect how the applications are used. For more information, visit the +OpenOffice.org suite, found at OpenOffice.org. + + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Presentation) can be used to create +presentations. Most PowerPoint files may be opened flawlessly in Impress. +OpenOffice.org Impress can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficePresentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Spreadsheets) is a full-featured spreadsheet +program. Calc supports multiple spreadsheets, built-in functions, and can read +and write most Microsoft Excel formats. OpenOffice.org Calc can be launched by +going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeSpreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Word Processor) is a full-featured word processor +that can create simple or complex documents. Writer can be launched by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeWord Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw provides complex functionality to create drawings, +diagrams, charts and other business graphics. The application is object-oriented +and allows for layering of various panes of work. Draw can be launched from +within any other OpenOffice application or by pressing +AltF2 and +typing oodraw and pressing the Ok +button. + + + + + + + +Aplicativo de base de datos + +Kubuntu does not ship with a default database application. However +there are options to choose from. + + +OpenOffice.org Base is the database that is a +part of the OpenOffice.org suite. +Base is in the Main repository. +Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + + +Kexi is another choice for a database +application. Kexi is part of the KDE KOffice +suite and tends to integrate better within KDE. Kexi +is in the Main repository. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + +It is recommended to try both database applications in order to see which works +best in a given situation. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/it/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/it/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/it/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/it/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Ufficio e produttività +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento contiene informazioni sulle applicazioni per ufficio installate e disponibili per Kubuntu. + +https://launchpad.net/people/ubuntu-l10n-it Luca Padrin <luca@mandarinlogiq.org>, 2006. Dario Cavedon <dcavedon@gmail.com>, 2006.Ubuntu Italian Translators + + +Introduzione + +L'applicazione per ufficio predefinita in Kubuntu è OpenOffice.org 3.2. Questa suite per ufficio include Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress e Math. La suite è l'equivalente open source della suite Microsoft Office, e ciascuna applicazione corrisponde a un prodotto simile in quella linea. Calc è simile a Excel, Writer a Word, Impress a PowerPoint, Base e Access hanno funzioni simili. Le applicazioni OpenOffice.org funzionano bene con i file creati per le equivalenti Microsoft, ad eccezione dei file di Microsoft Access. + +Tutte queste applicazioni sono installate in modo predefinito. Kubuntu ha rinominato i titoli elencati nell'Avviatore di applicazioni Kickoff, per esprimere come sono utilizzate le applicazioni. Per ulteriori informazioni sulla suite OpenOffice.org, visitate il sito di OpenOffice.org. + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Presentazione) può essere utilizzata per creare presentazioni. La maggior parte dei file di PowerPoint possono essere aperti senza problemi in Impress. Avviate OpenOffice.org Impress da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniUfficioPresentazione (OpenOffice.org - Presentazione). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Foglio di calcolo) è un programma per foglio di calcolo completo. Calc supporta più fogli, funzioni incorporate e può leggere e scrivere nella maggior parte dei formati di Microsoft Excel. Avviate OpenOffice.org Calc da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniUfficioFoglio di calcolo (OpenOffice.org - Foglio di calcolo). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Word Processor) è un eleboratore testi completo che può creare documenti semplici o complessi. Avviate Writer da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniUfficioWord Processor (OpenOffice.org - Word Processor). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw fornisce funzionalità complesse per la creazione di disegni, diagrammi, grafici e altre immagini commerciali. L'applicazione è orientata agli oggetti e permette la divisione in livelli dei vari pannelli di lavoro. Avviate Draw da qualsiasi altra applicazione OpenOffice.org oppure premendo AltF2 e digitando oodraw, poi premendo il pulsante Ok. + + + + + + +Applicativi per database + +Kubuntu non viene fornito con un'applicazione per database predefinita. Vi sono, tuttavia, diverse opzioni da scegliere. + +OpenOffice.org Base è il database che forma parte della suite OpenOffice.org. Base si trova nel deposito Main. Fate riferimento alla documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per un aiuto alla sua installazione. + + + +Kexi è un'altra applicazione per database. Kexi fa parte della suite KOffice di KDE, e tende ad integrarsi meglio in KDE. Kexi si trova nel deposito Main. Fate riferimento alla documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per un aiuto alla sua installazione. + + Vi raccomandiamo di provare entrambe le applicazioni per database, per capire quale funziona meglio in una determinata situazione. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/pt_BR/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/pt_BR/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/pt_BR/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/pt_BR/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Escritório e produtividade +&legalnotice; + +Este documento contém informações sobre os aplicativos de escritório instalados e disponíveis no Kubuntu. + + + + +Introdução + +A aplicação de escritório padrão no Kubuntu é o OpenOffice.org 3.2. Este pacote inclui o Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress e Math. Apresentação e Math. São os equivalentes de código aberto ao pacote Microsoft Office e cada aplicação corresponde a um produto similar desta linha. O Calc é similar ao Excel, o Writer é semelhante ao Word, o Impress é semelhante ao Power Point, o Base e o Access tem funções semelhantes. As aplicações do OpenOffice.org trabalham bem com arquivos criados pelos programas da Microsoft, com exceção dos arquivos do Microsoft Access. + +Todos estes aplicativos são instalados por padrão. O Kubuntu renomeou os títulos localizados no Kickoff Aplicativo Lançador para refletir como os aplicativos são utilizados. Para mais informações, visite a OpenOffice.org suite, no endereço: OpenOffice.org. + + + +O OpenOffice.org Apresentação pode ser usado para criar apresentações. A maioria dos arquivos do PowerPoint pode ser aberta sem problemas no Apresentação. OpenOffice.org Apresentação pode ser iniciado à partir de Kickoff Aplicativo LançadorAplicativosEscritórioApresentações OpenOffice.org Apresentação. + + + +O OpenOffice.org Planilhas Eletrônica é um completo programa de planilha eletrônica. A Planilha Eletrônica suporta múltiplas planilhas, funções embutidas, e pode ler e gravar a maioria dos formatos do Microsoft Excel. O OpenOffice.org Planilha Eletrônica pode ser iniciado, indo para Kickoff Aplicativo LançadorAplicativosEscritórioOpenOffice.org Planilhas. + + + +OpenOffice.org Editor de Texto é um editor de texto completo que pode criar documentos simples ou complexos. Editor de Texto pode ser executado pelo menu Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosEscritórioEditor de Texto OpenOffice.org. + + + +OpenOffice.org Desenho provê uma funcionalidade complexa para criar desenhos, diagramas, tabelas e outros gráficos para negócios. O aplicativo é orientado a objetos e permite o empilhamento de diversos painéis de trabalho. Desenho pode ser executado em qualquer outra aplicação OpenOffice ou pressionando AltF2, digitando oodraw e pressionando o botão Ok. + + + + + + +Aplicativo de Banco de Dados + +Kubuntu não é distribuído com um aplicativo de banco de dados padrão. No entanto, há opções de escolha. + +OpenOffice.org Base é o banco de dados que é parte da suíte OpenOffice.org. Base está no repositório Main. Por favor verifique a documentação em Adicionando Aplicativos para ajuda na instalação. + + + +Kexi é outra opção para aplicativo de banco de dados. Kexi é parte da suíte KDE KOffice e tende a integrar-se melhor com o KDE. Kexi está no repositório Main. Por favor verifique a documentação em Adicionando Aplicativos para ajuda na instalação. + + É recomendável experimentar ambas aplicações para ver qual funciona melhor em dada situação. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/ru/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/ru/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/ru/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/ru/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,507 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Office and Productivity +&legalnotice; + +This document contains information on the installed and available Office +applications for Kubuntu. + + + + + +Introduction + + +The default office application in Kubuntu is OpenOffice.org 3.2. This office +suite includes Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress and Math. This suite is the +open source equivalent of the Microsoft Office suite, and each application +corresponds to a similar product in that line. Calc is similar to Excel, Writer +is like Word, Impress is similar to PowerPoint, Base and Access have similar +functions. OpenOffice.org applications work well with the files created by their +Microsoft counterparts, with the exception of Microsoft Access files. + +All of these applications are installed by default. Kubuntu has renamed +the titles listed in the Kickoff Application Launcher +to reflect how the applications are used. For more information, visit the +OpenOffice.org suite, found at OpenOffice.org. + + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Presentation) can be used to create +presentations. Most PowerPoint files may be opened flawlessly in Impress. +OpenOffice.org Impress can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficePresentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Spreadsheets) is a full-featured spreadsheet +program. Calc supports multiple spreadsheets, built-in functions, and can read +and write most Microsoft Excel formats. OpenOffice.org Calc can be launched by +going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeSpreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Word Processor) is a full-featured word processor +that can create simple or complex documents. Writer can be launched by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeWord Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw provides complex functionality to create drawings, +diagrams, charts and other business graphics. The application is object-oriented +and allows for layering of various panes of work. Draw can be launched from +within any other OpenOffice application or by pressing +AltF2 and +typing oodraw and pressing the Ok +button. + + + + + + + +Работа с базами данных + +Kubuntu does not ship with a default database application. However +there are options to choose from. + + +OpenOffice.org Base is the database that is a +part of the OpenOffice.org suite. +Base is in the Main repository. +Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + + +Kexi is another choice for a database +application. Kexi is part of the KDE KOffice +suite and tends to integrate better within KDE. Kexi +is in the Main repository. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + +It is recommended to try both database applications in order to see which works +best in a given situation. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/sk/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/sk/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/sk/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/sk/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kancelária a produktivita +&legalnotice; + +Tento dokument obsahuje informácia o nainštalovaných a dostupných kancelárskych aplikáciách pre Kubuntu. + + + + +Úvod + +Štandardným kancelárskym balíkom v Kubuntu je OpenOffice.org 3.2. Obsahuje Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress a Math. Balík je alternatívou k Microsoft Office a každá aplikácia korešponduje s podobnou v spomenutom balíku.Calc je podobný Excelu, Writer Wordu, Impress PowerPointu a Base má podobné funkcie ako Access. OpenOffice.org veľmi dobre pracuje so súbormi vytvorenými v ich náprotivkoch v Microsoft Office, okrem súborov z Microsoft Access. + +Všetkz tieto aplikácie sú štandardne nainštalované. Kubuntu pozmenilo ich názvy zobrazené v spúšťači aplikácií Kickoff tak, aby bolo jednoduchšie určiť ich použitie. Pre viac informácií navštívte stránku balíka OpenOffice.org. + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Prezentácia) sa používa pri tvorbe prezentácií. Väčšina súborov z PowerPointu môže byť bez problémov otvorená v Impresse. OpenOffice.org Impress môžete spustiť cez spúštač aplikácií KickoffAplikácieKanceláriaPrezentácia (Prezentácia OpenOffice.org). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Tabuľka) je plne vybavený program na tvorbu tabuliek.Calc podporuje viacnásobné tabuľky, vstavané funkcie a dokáže pracovať s väčšinou formátov používaných v Microsoft Excel. OpenOffice.org Calc môžete spustiť cez spúšťači aplikácií KickoffAplikácieKanceláriaTabuľka (Tabuľka OpenOffice.org). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Textový editor) je plne vybavený textový editor, s ktorým dokážete vytvárať jednoduché aj komplexné dokumenty. Writer môžete spustiť cez spúšťači aplikácií KickoffAplikácieKanceláriaTextový editor (Textový editor OpenOffice.org). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw (Kreslenie) poskytuje komplexnú funkcionalitu na tvorbu kresieb, diagramov, grafov a inej obchodnej grafiky. Aplikácia je objektovo orientovaná a umožňuje vrstvenie rôznych častí práce. Kreslenie môžete spustiť z ktorejkoľvek aplikácie balíka OpenOffice alebo stlačením AltF2, napísaním oodraw a kliknutím na tlačidlo Ok. + + + + + + +Databázová aplikácia + +Kubuntu neprichádza so štandardnou databázovou aplikáciou. Napriek tomu existujú možnosti z ktorých si môžete vybrať. + +OpenOffice.org Base je databázová aplikácia, ktorá je časťou balíka OpenOffice.org. Base je v Main repozitári. Prosím pozrite si časť dokumentácie Pridávanie aplikácií pre pomoc s inštaláciou. + + + +Kexi je ďalšou databázovou aplikáciou. Je časťou balíka KDE KOffice a je lepšie integrovaná do prostredia KDE.Kexi je v Main repozitári. Prosím pozrite si časť dokumentácie Pridávanie aplikácií pre pomoc s inštaláciou. + + Je odporúčané vyskúšať obe aplikácie aby ste zistili, ktorá viac vyhovuje danej situácii. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/sr/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/sr/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/sr/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/sr/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,505 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Канцеларија и продуктивност +&legalnotice; + +Овај документ садржи информације о инсталираним и доступним Канцеларијским програмима за Кубунту. + + + + +Увод + + +The default office application in Kubuntu is OpenOffice.org 3.2. This office +suite includes Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress and Math. This suite is the +open source equivalent of the Microsoft Office suite, and each application +corresponds to a similar product in that line. Calc is similar to Excel, Writer +is like Word, Impress is similar to PowerPoint, Base and Access have similar +functions. OpenOffice.org applications work well with the files created by their +Microsoft counterparts, with the exception of Microsoft Access files. + +All of these applications are installed by default. Kubuntu has renamed +the titles listed in the Kickoff Application Launcher +to reflect how the applications are used. For more information, visit the +OpenOffice.org suite, found at OpenOffice.org. + + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Presentation) can be used to create +presentations. Most PowerPoint files may be opened flawlessly in Impress. +OpenOffice.org Impress can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficePresentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Spreadsheets) is a full-featured spreadsheet +program. Calc supports multiple spreadsheets, built-in functions, and can read +and write most Microsoft Excel formats. OpenOffice.org Calc can be launched by +going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeSpreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Word Processor) is a full-featured word processor +that can create simple or complex documents. Writer can be launched by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeWord Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw provides complex functionality to create drawings, +diagrams, charts and other business graphics. The application is object-oriented +and allows for layering of various panes of work. Draw can be launched from +within any other OpenOffice application or by pressing +AltF2 and +typing oodraw and pressing the Ok +button. + + + + + + + +Програм Базе података + +Kubuntu does not ship with a default database application. However +there are options to choose from. + + +OpenOffice.org Base is the database that is a +part of the OpenOffice.org suite. +Base is in the Main repository. +Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + + +Kexi is another choice for a database +application. Kexi is part of the KDE KOffice +suite and tends to integrate better within KDE. Kexi +is in the Main repository. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + +It is recommended to try both database applications in order to see which works +best in a given situation. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/sv/office.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/sv/office.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/office/sv/office.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/office/sv/office.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,501 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Kontorsprogram och produktivitet +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument innehåller information om de installerade och tillgängliga kontorsprogrammen för Kubuntu. + + + + +Introduktion + + +The default office application in Kubuntu is OpenOffice.org 3.2. This office +suite includes Writer, Calc, Draw, Impress and Math. This suite is the +open source equivalent of the Microsoft Office suite, and each application +corresponds to a similar product in that line. Calc is similar to Excel, Writer +is like Word, Impress is similar to PowerPoint, Base and Access have similar +functions. OpenOffice.org applications work well with the files created by their +Microsoft counterparts, with the exception of Microsoft Access files. + +Alla dessa program är installerade som standard. Kubuntu har bytt namn på titlarna i Kickoff programstartaren för att återspegla vad programmen kan användas till. För ytterligare information, besök OpenOffice.org, som hittas på OpenOffice.org. + + + +OpenOffice.org Impress (Presentation) can be used to create +presentations. Most PowerPoint files may be opened flawlessly in Impress. +OpenOffice.org Impress can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficePresentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation). + + + +OpenOffice.org Calc (Spreadsheets) is a full-featured spreadsheet +program. Calc supports multiple spreadsheets, built-in functions, and can read +and write most Microsoft Excel formats. OpenOffice.org Calc can be launched by +going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeSpreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet). + + + +OpenOffice.org Writer (Word Processor) is a full-featured word processor +that can create simple or complex documents. Writer can be launched by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsOfficeWord Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor). + + + +OpenOffice.org Draw provides complex functionality to create drawings, +diagrams, charts and other business graphics. The application is object-oriented +and allows for layering of various panes of work. Draw can be launched from +within any other OpenOffice application or by pressing +AltF2 and +typing oodraw and pressing the Ok +button. + + + + + + + +Databasprogram + +Kubuntu does not ship with a default database application. However +there are options to choose from. + + +OpenOffice.org Base is the database that is a +part of the OpenOffice.org suite. +Base is in the Main repository. +Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + + +Kexi is another choice for a database +application. Kexi is part of the KDE KOffice +suite and tends to integrate better within KDE. Kexi +is in the Main repository. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications documentation for help on installation. + + +It is recommended to try both database applications in order to see which works +best in a given situation. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/de/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/de/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/de/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/de/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Fotos verwalten und bearbeiten in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument behandelt verschiedene Bildbearbeitungsmöglichkeiten in Kubuntu. + + + + +Bildbearbeitung + +Kubuntu bietet diverse leistungsfähige Zeichen- und Grafikprogramme. + + +Gwenview + +Gwenview ist der Standard-Bildbetrachter. Es unterstützt Bildbearbeitung, grundlegende Datei-Operationen, Vollbild-Ansicht und mehr. Gwenview ist gut geeignet, um Bildsammlungen durchzusehen und zu verwalten. Es erlaubt eine präzise Kontrolle der Bildskalierung mit manueller Verkleinerung und Vergrößerung oder automatisches Anpassen der Bildgröße an das Betrachter-Fenster. +Gwenview ist standardmäßig in Kubuntu installiert. Gwenview kann gestartet werden über Kickoff StartmenüProgrammeGrafikBildbetrachter. + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +Weitere Informationen sind auf derWebseite von Gwenview verfügbar. + + + +GIMP („GNU Image Manipulation Program“, zu deutsch GNU-Bildbearbeitungsprogramm) + +GIMP ist ein mächtiges Bildbearbeitungsprogramm vergleichbar in etwa mit Adobe Photoshop. Es ist eine der besten erhältlichen Werkzeuge für umfangreiche Bildbearbeitung. Oft benötigen verschiedene Aufgaben unterschiedliche Bearbeitungsumgebungen. Das Verhalten und die Ansicht von GIMP kann dazu passend gemacht werden. Sei es durch diverse Stile, Farbänderungen, Symbolgrößen oder Werkzeug-Sets in der Werkzeugleiste. +Die Benutzeroberfläche ist in ablegbaren Elemente modularisiert die sich in Karteireiter stapeln oder in neuen Fenster öffnen lassen. Mit der Tabulatur Taste lassen sich Elemente durchschalten so dass diese bei Nichtbenutzung ausgeblendet werden können. GIMP verfügt über einen Vollbild-Modus der beim Bearbeiten von Bilder, Bildvorschauen effektiv im vollen Bildschirmbereich darstellen kann. + + +Wie das GIMP Paket installiert wird, entnehmen Sie bitte dem Hilfe-Dokument zur Installation von Programmen. + + +Bei erfolgreicher Installation starten Sie GIMP indem Sie zu Kickoff ProgrammstarterProgrammeGrafikGimp navigieren. + + +Mehr Informationen zu GIMP können in der offiziellen GIMP Dokumentation gefunden werden. + + + +Inkscape (SVG-Vektorgrafik-Editor) + +Bei Inkscape handelt es sich um ein mächtiges Grafikprogramm, das seinen Fokus auf erstellen und bearbeiten von SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)-Dateien setzt.. Dieses Open Source-Programm besitzt Fähigkeiten die in etwa vergleichbar sind mit Software wie Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw oder Xara. +Dabei nutzt Inkscape eine Reihe anspruchsvoller SVG-Charakteristika (wie beispielsweise Marker, Clones, Alpha Blending und weitere). Eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit hat auch die Oberfläche des Programms erhalten, die Übersichtlichkeit und Funktionsvielfalt vereinen soll. Mit Inkscape ist es recht einfach Verknüpfungspunkte zu setzen, komplexe Pfade zu bearbeiten oder Bitmaps in Vektorgrafiken zu überführen. + + +Eine Hilfe, um inkscape zu installieren, findet sich im Abschnitt über die Installation von Programmen. + + +Nachdem die Installation abgeschlossen wurde, starten man Inkscape, indem man Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeGrafikInkscape auswählt. + + +Weitere Informationen finden sich auf der InkscapeHomepage des Inkscape-Projektes, sowie auf deutsch im deutschen Inkscape-Wiki oder auf der deutschen inoffiziellen Dokumentationsseite. + + + +Blender 3D-Grafik-Software + +Blender ist eine 3D-Grafik-Software, um 3D-Modelle zu erstellen, zu animieren, zu rendern nach- und auf- zu bereiten - sowie zur Erstellung und Ausführung interaktiver 3D-Spiele. Blender ist in seiner Art sehr effektiv und proffessionell. + + +Eine Hilfe, um Blender zu installieren, findet sich im Abschnitt über die Installation von Programmen. + + +Nachdem die Installation abgeschlossen wurde, startet man Blender, indem man Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeGrafikBlender auswählt. + + +Weitere Informationen bietet die Blender-Homepage. + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + +Scribus ist ein quellenoffenes preisgekröntes Programm welches professionelles Seitenlayout auf den Recher bringt mit einer Kombination aus "druckfertiger" Ausgabe und neuer Annäherung zum Seitenlayout. Hinter der benutzerfreundlichen Oberfläche bietet Scribus professionelle Veröffentlichungsfunktionen so wie CMYK Farbbereich, Abtrennungen, Spot Farben, ICC Farbmanagment und PDF Erzeugung. + + +Eine Hilfe, um scribus-ng zu installieren, findet sich im Abschnitt über die Installation von Programmen. + + +Um zusätzliche Vorlagen zu installieren, gibt es das Paket scribus-template. Weitere Hilfe findet sich im Abschnitt über die Installation von Programmen. + + +Nachdem die Installation abgeschlossen wurde, startet man Scribus, indem man Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeGrafikScribus auswählt. + + +Weitere Informationen bietet die englische Scribus-Homepage oder beispielsweise die deutschsprachige Online-Dokumentation. + + + +Digikam Fotoverwaltung + +digiKam ist ein anspruchsvolles Programm für die Verwaltung von digitalen Fotos, das das Übertragen und organisieren von digitalen Bildern im Handumdrehen ermöglicht. Fotos sind werden in Alben eingeordnet und können chronologisch geordnet werden oder in spezifischen Sammlungen. +digiKam unterstützt auch Tags / bzw. Stichwörter. Bilder mit den gleichen Stichwörtern können über verschiedene Ordner verteilt sein; digiKam bietet schnell und intuitiv Wege an die eingeordneten Bilder aufzuspüren. Auch Kommentare können zu Bildern hinzugefügt werden. digiKam nutzt eine schnelle und Robuste Datenbank, um diese Meta-Informationen zu speichern, sodass kommentieren und zuordnen schnell und zuverlässig vonstatten geht. + +Und so geht es los mit digiKam: + + + +Zunächst wird das Paket digiKam installiert, wie im Dokument unter Softwaremanagement beschrieben. + + +Einmal installiert wird digiKam gestartet durch Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeGrafikFotoverwaltung. + + +Sobald eine Kamera an den Computer angeschlossen wird, sollte Kubuntu einen Dialog öffnen der weitere Möglichkeiten vorschlägt. Die Auswahl "Fotos mit Digikam herunterladen" startet digiKam und beginnt sogleich mit dem Import der Bilder. + + +Für den Fall, dass die automatische Erkennung die Kamera nicht unterstützt, kann man digiKam über das Menü Kickoff Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeGrafikFotoverwaltung starten. Unter "Importieren" KamerasKamera manuell hinzufügen ...anwählen und den Anweisungen zum Hinzufügen der Kamera folgen. Sobald eine Kamera einmal eingerichtet ist, können Bilder unter KamerasEigene Kamera herunter geladen werden. + + + +Weitere Hilfe für digiKam kann im digiKam Handbuch gefunden werden. Dies digiKam Handbuch wird nicht automatisch mit-installiert, das Paket digikam-doc steht hierfür bereit. Die Installation von Paketen wird unter Software-Management erklärt. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/es/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/es/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/es/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/es/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,544 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestionar y editar fotos en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento trabaja con varias opciones de edición de imagen disponibles en Kubuntu. + + + + +Editar imágenes + +Kubuntu ofrece distintas potentes aplicaciones de gráficos y dibujo. + + +Gwenview + +Gwenview es el visor predeterminado. Permite la edición de imagen, operaciones básicas de archivo, visualización en pantalla completa y más. Gwenview trabaja muy bien en la búsqueda y administración de colecciones de imágenes. Proporciona un control preciso de escalado de la imagen, con acercamiento y alejamiento manual del enfoque o ajuste automático de la imagen para que encaje en la ventana de visualización. +Gwenview se instala en Kubuntu de forma predeterminada. Ejecute Gwenview yendo al Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesGráficosVisor de imagen. + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +Más información disponible desde la Página de inicio de Gwenview. + + + +GIMP (Programa de manipulación de imágenes GNU) + +GIMP es un poderoso programa de edición de gráficos parecido a Adobe Photoshop. GIMP es una de las mejores herramientas disponibles en programas para la edición rápida de imágenes. A menudo, distintas tareas requieren distintos ambientes de edición. Las vistas y comportamientos de GIMP pueden ser ajustados de forma personalizada, incluyendo la elección para temas, cambios de color, fragmentos de espaceado, tamaños de íconos, y un conjunto de herramientas seleccionadas de la caja de herramientas. +La interfaz es modularizada dentro de elementos acoplables, los cuales pueden ser alineados en etiquetas o abiertos en ventanas separadas. La tecla TAB intercambia entre los elementos de la interfaz, ya que pueden ser ocultados cuando no están en uso. GIMP ofrece un modo de pantalla completa, el cual es efectivo para la previsualización de imágenes, y hace lo mejor del área de la pantalla cuando se están editando imágenes. + + +Instalar el paquete de GIMP. Refiérase al documento +Añadir aplicaciones para ayuda en la instalación de aplicaciones. + + +Una vez instalado, inicie GIMP yendo al Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesGráficosGimp. + + +Más información disponible en la página de documentación de GIMP. + + + +Editor de gráficos vectoriales Inkscape + +Inkscape es una poderosa aplicación de gráficos para la creación y edición en el formato de archivos SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics o en español, Gráficos de Vector Escalable). Este es un editor de gráficos de vector de código abierto con capacidades parecidas a Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, o Xara. +Inkscape permite muchas características avanzadas de SVG (tales como: marcadores, clones, mezcla de alfa y otras).Se ha dedicado una atención especial a la creación de una línea de corriente, con una interfaz rica en características. Con Inkscape, es fácil editar nodos, hacer operaciones de rutas complejas, trazar mapas de bits y realizar otras funciones avanzadas de dibujo. + + +Instalar el paquete inkscape. Refiérase al documento Añadir aplicaciones para ayuda en la instalación de aplicaciones. + + +Una vez instalado, inicie Inkscape yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesGráficosInkscape. + + +Para más información vea la página de inicio de Inkscape. + + + +Modelador 3D Blender + +Blender es una suite integrada de 3D para el modelado, animación, renderizado, post-producción, creación interactiva y reproducción (de juegos). +Blender es una suite efectiva de gráficos para crear animaciones y modelos de calidad profesional. + + +Instalar el paquete Blender. Refiérase al documento Añadir aplicaciones para la ayuda en instalación de aplicaciones. + + +Una vez instalado, inicie Blender yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesGráficosBlender. + + +Refiérase a la Página de documentación de Blender. + + + +Publicación de escritorio Scribus + +Scribus es un programa de código abierto que ofrece el galardonado diseño de página profesional para equipos de sobremesa con una combinación de salida «prensa disponible» y nuevos enfoques de diseño de página. Detrás de la interfaz de uso sencillo, Scribus ofrece características profesionales de publicación como un espacio de color CMYK, separaciones, colores planos, gestión de color ICC y creación versátil de PDF. + + +Instale el paquete scribus-ng. Vea el docuemento Adding Applications para la ayuda en la instalación de aplicaciones. + + +Para instalar plantillas adicionales, instale el paquete scribus-template. Vaya al documento Añadir aplicaciones para ayuda sobre como instalar aplicaciones. + + +Una vez instalado, inicie Scribus yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesGráficosScribus. + + +Vea el sitio web para más información + + + +Gestión de fotos digikam + +digiKam es una aplicación de gestión de fotos digitales que hace la importación y organización de fotos sencilla. Las fotos se organizan en álbumes que se ordenan cronológicamente o en colecciones personalizadas. +digiKam también permite etiquetado. Las imágenes con la misma etiqueta se puede poner en distintas carpetas; digiKam proporciona una manera intuitiva de examinar estas imágenes etiquetadas. Se pueden añadir comentarios a las imágenes. digiKam usa una base de datos rápida y robusta para almacenar esta metainformación, así que comentar y etiquetar es rápido y fiable. + +Aquí verá como iniciarse con digiKam: + + + +Instale el paquete digiKam. vaya al documento Añadir aplicaciones para obtener ayuda para instalar aplicaciones. + + +Una vez instalado inicie digiKam yendo ay Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesGráficosGestión de fotos. + + +Cuando se conecte una cámara al equipo, Kubuntu deberá abrir un diálogo con elecciones para más acciones. Seleccionar «detectar y descargar digiKam» causa que digiKam se abra y empiece a importar las imágenes. + + +Si la detección automática no funciona porque la cámara no está actualmente soportada, lance digiKam yendo al Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesGráficosGestión de fotos. Seleccione CámaraAñadir cámara... y siga las instrucciones para añadir la cámara. Una vez la cámara se ha configurado se puede descargar de la cámara yendo a CámaraSu cámara. + + + +Se puede encontrar más ayuda para digiKam en Manual digiKam. El manual de digiKam no se instala pro defecto, hay que instalarlo con el paquete digikam-doc. Vaya al documento Añadir aplicaciones para encontrar ayuda para instalar aplicaciones. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/et/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/et/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/et/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/et/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,600 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntus</phrase> fotode haldamine ja redigeerimine +&legalnotice; + +See dokument käsitleb erinevaid pildi redigeerimise valikuid, mis on saadaval Kubuntus. + + + + +Pildi redigeerimine + +Kubuntu pakub erinevaid võimsaid graafika- ja joonistusrakendusi. + + +Gwenview + + +Gwenview is the default viewer. It supports image +editing, basic file operations, full screen viewing and more. +Gwenview works well for browsing and managing +image collections. It provides accurate control of image scaling, with manual +in and out zooming or automatic scaling of images to fit the viewing window. + + +Gwenview is installed in Kubuntu by default. Launch +Gwenview by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsImage Viewer. + + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +Rohkem informatsioon on saadaval Gwenview koduleht. + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + + +The GIMP is a powerful graphics editing program +similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is the one of the best software tools available +for fast image editing. Often different tasks require different editing +environments. GIMP views and behaviors can be custom +fit, including choices for widget themes, color changes, widget spacing and icon +sizes, and selected tool sets in the toolbox. + + +The interface is modularized into dockable elements, which can be stacked in +tabs or opened in separate windows. The tab key toggles the interface elements, +so that they can be hidden when not in use. GIMP +features a fullscreen mode, which is effective for previewing images, and makes +the most of the screen area when editing images. + + + +Vaata GIMP paketi paigaldamiseks Rakenduste lisamise dokumenti, et saada abi rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + + +Kui paigaldamine on lõpuni jõudnud, siis käivita GIMP rakendus, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaGimp. + + +Rohkem informatsioon on saadaval GIMP dokumentatsiooni lehel. + + + +Inkscape vektorgraafika redaktor + +Inkscape on võimas graafikarakendus, mis loob ja redigeerib SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) failivormingus. See on avatud lähtekoodiga vektorgraafika redaktor, mis on sarnane oma võimaluste poolest Adobe Illustratori, CorelDraw ja Xara programmidega. + +Inkscape supports many advanced SVG features +(such as markers, clones, alpha blending and others). Special attention has been +given to creating a streamlined, yet feature-rich interface. With +Inkscape, it is easy to edit nodes, do complex +path operations, trace bitmaps and perform other advanced drawing functions. + + + +Paigalda inkscape pakett. Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni, et saada abi rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + + +Kui see on paigaldatud, siis käivita Inkscape, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaInkscape. + + +Rohkema info saamiseks vaata Inkscape kodulehte. + + + +Blender 3d Modeler + +Blender on integreeritud 3d pakett modelleerimiseks, animeerimiseks, renderdamiseks, töötluseks, interaktiivseks loominguks ning taasesitamiseks . Blender on efektiivne graafikapakett kõrgkvaliteediga mudelite ja animatsioonide loomiseks. + + +Paigalda Blenderi pakett. Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumenti, et saada abi rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + + +Kui see on paigaldatud, siis käivita Blender, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaBlender. + + +Palun vaata Blenderi dokumentatsiooni lehte. + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + + +Scribus is an Open Source program that brings +award-winning professional page layout to desktops with a combination of +"press-ready" output and new approaches to page layout. Behind the user-friendly +interface, Scribus offers professional publishing +features such as a CMYK color space, separations, spot colors, ICC color +management and versatile PDF creation. + + + +Paigalda scribus-ng pakett. Palun vaata Rakenduse lisamise dokumenti, et saada abi rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + + +Lisamallide paigaldamiseks paigalda scribus-template pakett. Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumenti, et saada abi rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + + +Kui see on paigaldatud, siis käivita Scribus, minnesKickoff rakendusedRakendusedGraafikaScribus. + + +Palun vaata veebilehte rohkema informatsiooni saamiseks. + + + +digikam fotohaldur + + +digiKam is an advanced digital photo management +application that makes importing and organizing digital photos a snap. The +photos are organized in albums that can be sorted chronologically, by folder +layout or by custom collections. + + +digiKam also supports tagging. Images with the same +tag could be spread out across multiple folders; +digiKam provides fast and intuitive ways to browse +these tagged images. Comments can also be added to images. +digiKam uses a fast and robust database to store this +meta-information, so commenting and tagging are quick and reliable. + + +Siin on kirjeldatud see, kuidas käivitada digiKami: + + + +Paigalda digiKami pakett. Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumenti, et saada abi rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + + +Kui paigaldamine on lõppenud, käivita digiKam, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaFotohaldur. + + +Kui kaamera on ühendunud arvutiga, peaks Kubuntu avama dialoogikasti valikutega, mida teha edasi. Valides "digiKam tuvastamine ja allalaadimine" alustab digiKam piltide importimist. + + + +If auto-detection does not work because the camera is not on the currently +supported list, launch digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. +Select + Camera Add Camera... + and follow the instructions to add the camera. Once a camera +has been set up, pictures can be downloaded from that camera by going to + Camera Your camera +. + + + + +Rohkemat abi leiad digiKam , minnes digiKam käsiraamat. digiKam käsiraamat ei ole vaikimisi paigaldatud. Seda saab paigaldada paketiga digikam-doc. Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumenti rohkema abi saamiseks rakenduste paigaldamise kohta. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/fr/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/fr/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/fr/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/fr/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,675 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing and Editing Photos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document deals with various image editing options available in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Image Editing + + +Kubuntu offers several powerful graphics and drawing applications. + + + +Gwenview + + +Gwenview is the default viewer. It supports image +editing, basic file operations, full screen viewing and more. +Gwenview works well for browsing and managing +image collections. It provides accurate control of image scaling, with manual +in and out zooming or automatic scaling of images to fit the viewing window. + + +Gwenview is installed in Kubuntu by default. Launch +Gwenview by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsImage Viewer. + + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + + +More information is available from the +Gwenview homepage. + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + + +The GIMP is a powerful graphics editing program +similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is the one of the best software tools available +for fast image editing. Often different tasks require different editing +environments. GIMP views and behaviors can be custom +fit, including choices for widget themes, color changes, widget spacing and icon +sizes, and selected tool sets in the toolbox. + + +The interface is modularized into dockable elements, which can be stacked in +tabs or opened in separate windows. The tab key toggles the interface elements, +so that they can be hidden when not in use. GIMP +features a fullscreen mode, which is effective for previewing images, and makes +the most of the screen area when editing images. + + + + +To install the GIMP package. Please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start GIMP by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + +More information is available from the GIMP documentation page. + + + + +Inkscape Vector Graphics Editor + + +Inkscape is a powerful graphics application for +creating and editing in the SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) +file format. It is an Open Source vector graphics editor with capabilities +similar to Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, or Xara. + + +Inkscape supports many advanced SVG features +(such as markers, clones, alpha blending and others). Special attention has been +given to creating a streamlined, yet feature-rich interface. With +Inkscape, it is easy to edit nodes, do complex +path operations, trace bitmaps and perform other advanced drawing functions. + + + + +Install the inkscape package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Inkscape by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape. + + + + +For more information see Inkscape homepage. + + + + +Blender 3d Modeler + + +Blender is an integrated 3d suite for modeling, +animation, rendering, post-production, interactive creation and playback +(games). Blender is an effective graphics suite for +creating professional quality models and animations. + + + + +Install the Blender package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Blender by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender. + + + + +Please refer to Blender documentation page. + + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + + +Scribus is an Open Source program that brings +award-winning professional page layout to desktops with a combination of +"press-ready" output and new approaches to page layout. Behind the user-friendly +interface, Scribus offers professional publishing +features such as a CMYK color space, separations, spot colors, ICC color +management and versatile PDF creation. + + + + +Install the scribus-ng package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +To install additional templates, install the +scribus-template package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Scribus by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScribus. + + + + +Please see the website for more information + + + + +digikam Photo Management + + +digiKam is an advanced digital photo management +application that makes importing and organizing digital photos a snap. The +photos are organized in albums that can be sorted chronologically, by folder +layout or by custom collections. + + +digiKam also supports tagging. Images with the same +tag could be spread out across multiple folders; +digiKam provides fast and intuitive ways to browse +these tagged images. Comments can also be added to images. +digiKam uses a fast and robust database to store this +meta-information, so commenting and tagging are quick and reliable. + + +Here's how to get started with digiKam: + + + + +Install the digiKam package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. + + + + +When a camera is connected to the computer, Kubuntu should pop open a +dialog box with choices for further action. Selecting "digiKam Detect and +Download" causes digiKam to open and begin importing +pictures. + + + + +If auto-detection does not work because the camera is not on the currently +supported list, launch digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. +Select + Camera Add Camera... + and follow the instructions to add the camera. Once a camera +has been set up, pictures can be downloaded from that camera by going to + Camera Your camera +. + + + + + +Further help for digiKam can be found in the digiKam Handbook. The +digiKam Handbook +is not installed by default, it can be installed as the package +digikam-doc. Please refer to the Adding Applications document for +help with installing applications. + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/it/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/it/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/it/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/it/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestire e modificare le fotografie in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento si occupa delle diverse opzioni per la modifica delle immagini disponibili in Kubuntu. + + + + +Modifica delle immagini + +Kubuntu offre varie potenti applicazioni per il disegno e la grafica. + + +Gwenview + +Gwenview è il visualizzatore predefinito. Supporta la modifica delle immagini, le operazioni di base sui file, la visualizzazione a schermo intero e altro ancora. Gwenview funziona bene per sfogliare e gestire le raccolte di immagini. Permette un preciso controllo della scalatura, con funzioni manuali di ingrandimento e scalatura automatica delle immagini per l'adattamento alla finestra di visualizzazione. +Gwenview è installato in Kubuntu per impostazione predefinita. Avviate Gwenview da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaVisore di immagini. + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +Sono disponibili ulteriori informazioni nella pagina web di Gwenview. + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + +GIMP è un potente programma di creazione grafica simile ad Adobe Photoshop. È uno dei migliori strumenti software disponibili per la modifica veloce di immagini. Spesso differenti operazioni richiedono differenti ambienti di modifica. Le viste e i comportamenti di GIMP possono essere adattati alle esigenze personali, inclusa la scelta dei temi degli oggetti, la modifica dei colori, la distanza tra gli oggetti e le dimensioni delle icone, oltre a un set selezionato nella casella degli strumenti. +L'interfaccia è progettata per elementi scomponibili, organizzabili in schede o finestre separate. Il tasto tab alterna gli elementi dell'interfaccia, in modo da poter essere nascosti quando non utilizzati. GIMP ha anche una modalità a tutto schermo, efficace per l'anteprima delle immagini, e utilizza la maggior parte dell'area dello schermo durante la loro modifica. + + +Per installare il pacchetto GIMP, fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni. + + +Una volta installato, avviate GIMP da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaGimp. + + +Ulteriori informazioni sono disponibili nella pagina della documentazione di GIMP. + + + +Editor di grafica vettoriale Inkscape + +Inkscape è una potente applicazione grafica per la creazione e la modifica nel formato di file SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics, 'Grafica vettoriale scalabile'). È un editor di grafica vettoriale open source, con capacità simili a Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw o Xara. +Inkscape supporta molte funzionalità SVG avanzate (quali contrassegni, cloni, miscelatura alfa e altro ancora). Particolare attenzione è stata osservata nel creare un'interfaccia snella ma ricca di funzionalità. Con Inkscape è facile modificare nodi, fare operazioni complesse, tracciare bitmap ed eseguire funzioni di disegno avanzato. + + +Installate il pacchetto inkscape. Fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per ottenere aiuto sull'installazione. + + +Una volta installato, avviate Inkscape da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaInkscape. + + +Per ulteriori informazioni consultate la pagina web di Inkscape. + + + +Il modellatore 3d Blender + +Blender è una suite 3d integrata per modellazione, rendering, postproduzione, creazione interattiva e riproduzione (giochi). Blender è una suite grafica efficace per la creazione di modelli e animazioni di qualità professionale. + + +Installate il pacchetto Blender. Fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per un aiuto all'installazione. + + +Una volta installato, avviate Blender da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaBlender. + + +Consultate la pagina di documentazione di Blender. + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + +Scribus è un programma open source trasferisce nei desktop la gestione professionale della impaginazione, in combinazione con risultati «pronti per la stampa» e nuovi approcci all'impaginazione. Nonostante l'interfaccia di facile utilizzo, Scribus offre caratteristiche di editoria professionale quali un ambiente di colore CMYK, separazioni, colori spot, gestione del colore ICC e creazione versatile dei PDF. + + +Installate il pacchetto scribus-ng. Fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per un aiuto all'installazione. + + +Per installare modelli aggiuntivi, installate il pacchetto scribus-template. Fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per un aiuto all'installazione. + + +Una volta installato, avviate Scribus da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaScribus. + + +Per ulteriori informazioni, visitate il sito web di Scribus. + + + +Gestione delle fotografie con digiKam + +digiKam è un'applicazione avanzata di gestione della fotografia digitale che trasforma l'importazione e l'organizzazione delle fotografie digitali un gioco da ragazzi. Le fotografie sono organizzate in album ordinabili cronologicamente, per cartella o per raccolte personalizzate. +digiKam supporta inoltre l'uso delle eitchette (tag). Le immagini con la stessa etichetta possono essere contenute in più cartelle; digiKam fornisce dei metodi intuitivi e veloci per sfogliare le immagini con etichetta. Possono essere aggiunti alle immagini anche dei commenti. digiKam utilizza un database di archiviazione robusto e veloce per queste informazioni, dunque l'aggiunta di commenti ed etichette è veloce e affidabile. + +Muovere i primi passi con digiKam: + + + +Installate il pacchetto digiKam. Fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per un aiuto all'installazione. + + +Una volta installato, avviate digiKam da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaGestione fotografie. + + +Quando una fotocamera viene collegata al computer, Kubuntu dovrebbe aprire una finestra in cui scegliere diverse azioni. Se scegliete "Rileva e scarica con digiKam", digiKam si aprirà e inizierà a scaricare le fotografie. + + +Se il rilevamento automatico non funziona perché la fotocamera non è nell'elenco correntemente supportato, avviate digiKam da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaGestione fotografie. Selezionate FotocameraAggiungi fotocamera... e seguite le istruzioni per aggiungere la macchina fotografica. Una volta configurata la fotocamera, le immagini possono essere scaricate da FotocameraFotocamera. + + + +Per ulteriori informazioni su digiKam, leggete il Manuale di digiKam. Il manuale di digiKam non è installato in modo predefinito, e può essere installato col pacchetto digikam-doc. Fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per un aiuto all'installazione. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/km/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/km/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/km/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/km/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​ និង​ការកែ​សម្រួល​រូប​ថត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ជម្រើស​កែសម្រួល​រូបភាព​​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ដែល​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + + +ការកែ​សម្រួល​រូបភាព + +គូប៊ុន​ទូ​ នឹង​ផ្តល់​នូវ​កម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​ និង​គូរដ៏​មាន​អានុភាព​​បីបួន ។ + + +Gwenview + +Gwenview គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​មើល​លំនាំ​ដើម ។ វា​គាំ​ទ្រ​ការកែ​សម្រួល​រូបភាព ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ឯកសារ​ចម្បង ការ​មើល​ពេញ​អេក្រង់ និង​ជាច្រើន​ទៀត ។ Gwenview ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​យ៉ាង​រលូន​ នៅ​ក្នុង​​ការរុករក​ និង​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រងសម្រាំង​រូបភាព ។ វា​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការត្រួត​ពិនិត្យ​ដ៏​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ចំពោះ​ការ​ធ្វើ​មាត្រដ្ឋាន​រូបភាព និង​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការពង្រីក​បង្រួម​ដោយ​ដៃ ឬ​ការកំណត់​មាត្រដ្ឋាន​រូបភាព​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​សម​នឹង​បង្អួច​សម្រាប់​មើល​ ។ +Gwenview នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដំឡើង​ក្នុង​គូប៊ូទូ​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ។ បើក​ដំណើរ​ការ​ Gwenview ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​កម្មវិធី​មើល​រូបភាព ។ + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អាច​មើល​បាន​តាម​​គេហទំព័រ Gwenview ។ + + + +GIMP (កម្មវិធី​រៀប​ចំ​រូបភាព GNU) + +GIMP ជា​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​ដ៏​មានអានុភាព​ដែល​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង Adobe Photoshop ដែរ ។ វា​ជា​ឧបករណ៍​កម្មវិធី​ដ៏​ល្អ​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​ឧបករណ៍​ជាច្រើន​ ដែល​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​ការកែ​សម្រួល​រូបភាព​ឲ្យ​បាន​រហ័ស ។ ជា​រឿយ​ៗ​ភារកិច្ច​ផ្សេង​គ្នា​តែង​តែ​ទាម​ទារ​បរិស្ថានកែ​សម្រួល​ខុស​គ្នា​ដែរ ។ ទិដ្ឋភាព​ និងឥរិយាបថ​របស់​GIMP ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​សម​តាម​បំណង​បាន ដោយ​រួម​មាន​ជម្រើស​នានា​សម្រាប់​ស្បែក​ធាតុក្រាហ្វិក ការប្តូរ​ពណ៌ គម្លាត​របស់​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក និង​ទំហំ​រូប​តំណាង ព្រម​ទាំង​សំណុំ​ឧបករណ៍​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍ ។ +ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ចែក​ចេញ​ជាម៉ូឌុល ​ទៅ​ជា​ធាតុ​ដែល​អាច​ចូល​ផែ​បាន ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដាក់​ត្រួត​គ្នា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទាំង ឬ​បើក​នៅ​ក្នុង​បង្អួចផ្សេង​គ្នា ។ គ្រាប់​ចុច​ថេបនឹង​​បិទ​បើក​ធាតុ​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​ ដើម្បី​​​អាច​លាក់​ពួក​វា​បាននៅ​ពេល​ដែល​មិន​ប្រើ ។ GIMP បង្ហាញនូវ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​នៃ​របៀប​ពេញ​អេក្រង់​ ដែល​មាន​ប្រសិទ្ធភាព​ សម្រាប់​ការ​មើល​រូប​ភាព​ជា​មុន និង​បង្កើត​ជា​ផ្ទៃ​អេក្រង់​ជា​ច្រើន​ នៅ​ពេល​កែ​សម្រួល​រូបភាព ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ GIMP ។ សូម​យោង​ទៅកាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ សម្រាប់​ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​ស្តី​អំពី​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​បាន​ដំឡើង ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ GIMP ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​Gimp ។ + + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អាច​មាន​តាម​រយៈ​ទំព័រ​ឯកសារ​ GIMP។ + + + +កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​វ៉ិចទ័រ Inkscape + +Inkscape ជា​កម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​ដ៏​មាន​អានុភាព​ សម្រាប់​បង្កើត​ និង​កែ​សម្រួល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ឯកសារ​ SVG (ក្រាហ្វិក​វ៉ិចទ័រ​ដែល​អាច​ធ្វើ​មាត្រដ្ឋាន​បាន​) ។ វា​ជា​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ក្រាហ្វិក​វ៉ិចទ័រ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ​ ដែល​មាន​សមត្ថភាព​ស្រដៀង​នឹង​ Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, ឬ​ Xara ដែរ ។ +Inkscape គាំទ្រ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ SVG កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់​ជា​ច្រើន​ (ដូច​ជាសញ្ញាសម្គាល់​ ក្លូន ការ​លាយ​អាល់ហ្វា និង​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត​) ។ គោល​បំណង​ពិសេស​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ​ ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​ដែល​ល្អ​ប្រសើរ ថែម​ទាំង​សម្បូរ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ទៀត​ផង ។ ដោយ​ការ​ប្រើ​ Inkscape វា​​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​កែ​សម្រួល​ថ្នាំង ធ្វើ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ផ្លូវ​ដែល​ស្មុគ្រ​ស្មាញ គូរ​រូបភាព និង​ប្រតិបត្តិ​នូវ​មុខងារ​គូរ​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ inkscape ។ សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ សម្រាប់​ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​ស្តី​អំពី​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​បាន​ដំឡើង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Inkscape ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ក្រាហ្វិក​Inkscape ។ + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​មើល​គេហ​ទំព័រ Inkscape ។ + + + +ឧបករណ៍​គំរូ​ត្រីមាត្រ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​លាយ + +កម្មវិធី​លាយ​ ជា​ឈុត​ត្រីមាត្រ​ដែល​បាន​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​ សម្រាប់​ធ្វើ​ជា​គំរូ ចលនា ការ​បង្ហាញ ផលិត​ផល​សម្រេច​ ការ​បង្កើត​អន្តរ​សកម្ម ព្រម​ទាំង​ការ​លេង​ឡើង​វិញ (ល្បែង​) ។ កម្មវិធី​លាយ​ ជា​ឈុត​ក្រាហ្វិក​ដែល​មាន​ប្រសិទ្ធភាព​បំផុត​ សម្រាប់​ការ​បង្កើត​ម៉ូដែល និង​ចលនា​ដែល​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ជា​វិជ្ជា​ជីវៈ ។ + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ កម្មវិធី​លាយ​ ។ សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី សម្រាប់​ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​​ដំឡើង ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ កម្មវិធី​លាយ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​កម្មវិធី​លាយ​ ។ + + +សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ទំព័រ​ឯកសារ​ កម្មវិធី​លាយ​ ។ + + + +ការ​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ផ្សាយ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ Scribus + +Scribus គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ​ ដែលនាំ​មក​នូវ​ប្លង់​ទំព័រ​ជាវិជ្ជាជីវៈ​ដែល​ទទួល​បាន​ពាន​រង្វាន់​សម្រាប់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ ដោយ​មាន​ការបន្សំ​គ្នា​ជា​មួយ​លទ្ធផល​ "ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​ហើយ​" និង​នាំ​មក​នូវមធ្យោបាយ​សម្រាប់​ប្លង់​ទំព័រ ។ ក្រៅ​ពី​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់ដែល​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ប្រើ​នេះ​ Scribus ក៏​ផ្តល់​នូវ​លក្ខណពិសេស​នៃ​ការបោះ​ពុម្ព​ផ្សាយ​ជា​វិជ្ជាជីវៈផង​ដែរ​ ដូច​ជា គំរូពណ៌ CMYK ការបំបែក ពណ៌​បន្ថែម ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ពណ៌ ICC និងការ​បង្កើត​ PDF ដែល​ងាយ​ស្រួលប្រើ ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ scribus-ng ។ សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ ​បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ សម្រាប់​ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ពុម្ព​បន្ថែម សូម​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ scribus-template ។ សម្រាប់​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើងកម្មវិធី សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Scribus ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិកScribus ។ + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​មើល​ តំបន់​ប​ណ្តាញ + + + +ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​រូប​ថត digikam + +digiKam គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​រូប​ថត​ឌីជីថល​កម្រិត​ខ្ពស់ ដែល​ធ្វើ​ការនាំ​ចូល និង​រៀប​ចំ​រូប​ថត​ឌីជីថល ។ រូប​ថត​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀប​ចំ​ នៅ​ក្នុងអាល់ប៊ុម ដែល​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​តម្រៀបទៅ​តាម​លំដាប់​លំដោយ តាម​ប្លង់​ថត ​ឬ​តាម​សម្រាំង​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន ។ +digiKam គាំទ្រ​នូវ​ការដាក់​ស្លាក​ផង​ដែរ ។ រូបភាព​ដែល​មាន​ស្លាក​ដូច​គ្នា​ អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ពង្រីក​កាត់​ថត​ជា​ច្រើន​ digiKam ផ្តល់​នូវ​វិធីសាស្ត្រដោយ​ឯក​ឯង និង​រហ័ស សម្រាប់​ការរុក​រក​រូបភាព​ដែល​មាន​ស្លាក​ទាំង​នេះ ។ មតិយោបល់​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្ថែម​ទៅ​កាន់​រូបភាព ។ digiKam ប្រើ​មូលដ្ឋាន​ទិន្នន័យ​ដែល​រឹង​មាំ ហើយ​រហ័ស ដើម្បី​រក្សា​ទុក​ព័ត៌មាន​មេតា​ទាំង​នេះ ដូច្នេះ​ការ​បញ្ចេញ​មតិយោបល់ និង​ការ​ដាក់​ស្លាក​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​រហ័ស និង​ទុក​ចិត្ត​បាន ។ + +នេះ​ជា​របៀប​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ digiKam ៖ + + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ digiKam ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ digiKam ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​រូប​ថត ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថត​ត្រូវ​បាន​តភ្ជាប់​ជា​មួយ​កុំព្យូទ័រ គូប៊ុនទូ អាច​នឹង​បើក​ប្រអប់​ ដែល​មាន​ជម្រើស​ជា​ច្រើន​សម្រាប់​សកម្មភាព​បន្ថែម ។ ការជ្រើស​ "រក​ និង​ទាញយក digiKam" អាច​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ digiKam បើក និង​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​នាំ​ចូល​រូបភាព​ទាំង​នេះ ។ + + +បើ​ ការ​រក​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ មិន​ដំណើរ​ការ គឺ​ដោយ​សារ​តែ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថត​មិន​ស្ថិត​នៅ​លើ​បញ្ជីដែល​គាំ​ទ្រ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ បើក​ digiKam ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធីដំណើរការរបស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​រូប​ថត ។ ជ្រើស​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថតបន្ថែម​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថត... និង​អនុវត្ត​តាម​ការណែ​នាំ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថត ។ នៅ​ពេល​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថត​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀប​ចំ​ហើយ រូបភាព​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ទាញ​យក​ពី​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថត​នោះ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​ថតម៉ាស៊ីន​ថត​របស់​អ្នក ។ + + + +ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​សម្រាប់​ digiKam អាច​មាននៅ​ក្នុង​ សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ digiKam ។ សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ digiKam មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ប៉ុន្តែ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ជា​កញ្ចប់​ digikam-doc ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​​​​​ ។ + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/oc/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/oc/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/oc/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/oc/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,672 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing and Editing Photos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document deals with various image editing options available in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Edicion d'imatges + + +Kubuntu offers several powerful graphics and drawing applications. + + + +Gwenview + + +Gwenview is the default viewer. It supports image +editing, basic file operations, full screen viewing and more. +Gwenview works well for browsing and managing +image collections. It provides accurate control of image scaling, with manual +in and out zooming or automatic scaling of images to fit the viewing window. + + +Gwenview is installed in Kubuntu by default. Launch +Gwenview by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsImage Viewer. + + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + + +More information is available from the +Gwenview homepage. + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + + +The GIMP is a powerful graphics editing program +similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is the one of the best software tools available +for fast image editing. Often different tasks require different editing +environments. GIMP views and behaviors can be custom +fit, including choices for widget themes, color changes, widget spacing and icon +sizes, and selected tool sets in the toolbox. + + +The interface is modularized into dockable elements, which can be stacked in +tabs or opened in separate windows. The tab key toggles the interface elements, +so that they can be hidden when not in use. GIMP +features a fullscreen mode, which is effective for previewing images, and makes +the most of the screen area when editing images. + + + + +To install the GIMP package. Please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start GIMP by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + +More information is available from the GIMP documentation page. + + + + +Inkscape, logicial de grafisme vectorial + + +Inkscape is a powerful graphics application for +creating and editing in the SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) +file format. It is an Open Source vector graphics editor with capabilities +similar to Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, or Xara. + + +Inkscape supports many advanced SVG features +(such as markers, clones, alpha blending and others). Special attention has been +given to creating a streamlined, yet feature-rich interface. With +Inkscape, it is easy to edit nodes, do complex +path operations, trace bitmaps and perform other advanced drawing functions. + + + + +Install the inkscape package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Inkscape by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape. + + + + +For more information see Inkscape homepage. + + + + +Modelador 3D Blender + + +Blender is an integrated 3d suite for modeling, +animation, rendering, post-production, interactive creation and playback +(games). Blender is an effective graphics suite for +creating professional quality models and animations. + + + + +Install the Blender package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + +Un còp installat, aviatz Blender en anant dins l'Aviador d'Aplicacions KickoffAplicacionsGraficsBlender. + + + +Please refer to Blender documentation page. + + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + + +Scribus is an Open Source program that brings +award-winning professional page layout to desktops with a combination of +"press-ready" output and new approaches to page layout. Behind the user-friendly +interface, Scribus offers professional publishing +features such as a CMYK color space, separations, spot colors, ICC color +management and versatile PDF creation. + + + + +Install the scribus-ng package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +To install additional templates, install the +scribus-template package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Scribus by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScribus. + + + + +Please see the website for more information + + + + +digikam Photo Management + + +digiKam is an advanced digital photo management +application that makes importing and organizing digital photos a snap. The +photos are organized in albums that can be sorted chronologically, by folder +layout or by custom collections. + + +digiKam also supports tagging. Images with the same +tag could be spread out across multiple folders; +digiKam provides fast and intuitive ways to browse +these tagged images. Comments can also be added to images. +digiKam uses a fast and robust database to store this +meta-information, so commenting and tagging are quick and reliable. + + +Here's how to get started with digiKam: + + + + +Install the digiKam package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. + + + + +When a camera is connected to the computer, Kubuntu should pop open a +dialog box with choices for further action. Selecting "digiKam Detect and +Download" causes digiKam to open and begin importing +pictures. + + + + +If auto-detection does not work because the camera is not on the currently +supported list, launch digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. +Select + Camera Add Camera... + and follow the instructions to add the camera. Once a camera +has been set up, pictures can be downloaded from that camera by going to + Camera Your camera +. + + + + + +Further help for digiKam can be found in the digiKam Handbook. The +digiKam Handbook +is not installed by default, it can be installed as the package +digikam-doc. Please refer to the Adding Applications document for +help with installing applications. + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/pt_BR/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/pt_BR/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/pt_BR/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/pt_BR/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,543 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gerenciando e editando fotos no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento trata das várias opções de edição de imagens disponíveis no Kubuntu. + + + + +Edição de imagens + +O Kubuntu oferece diversos aplicativos poderosos de edição gráfica e desenho. + + +Gwenview + +O Gwenview é o visualizador padrão. Ele suporta edição de imagem, as operações básicas de arquivo, visualização em tela cheia e muito mais. O Gwenview funciona bem para navegação e gerenciamento de coleções de imagens. Ele oferece um controle preciso da escala de imagem, com manual dentro e fora de zoom ou o redimensionamento automático de imagens para caber na janela de visualização. +Gwenview é instalado no Kubuntu por padrão. Inicie Gwenview vá até Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicaçõesGráficosVisualizador de Imagem. + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +Mais informações estão disponíveis na página do Gwenview + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + +O GIMP é um poderoso editor gráfico, semelhante ao Adobe Photoshop. Ele é uma das melhores ferramentas disponíveis para uma rápida edição de imagens. Muitas vezes diferentes tarefas necessitam de diferentes ambientes de edição. Você pode customizar o modo com que você vizualiza o GIMP e também como ele se comporta, incluindo a escolha de temas para widgets, mudanças de cores, espaçamento de widgets e tamanhos de ícones, e selecionar ferramentas para a caixa de ferramentas. +A interface é modularizada em elementos encaixáveis que podem ser abertos em abas ou janelas separadas. A tecla tab alterna os elementos de interface para que possam ser omitidos quando não estiverem em uso. GIMP possui um modo de tela cheia que é eficaz para visualizar imagens e tirar maior proveito da área da tela na edição de imagens. + + +Para instalar o pacote GIMP. Por favor consulte o documento Adicionando Aplicativos para obter ajuda sobre instalação de aplicativos. + + +Uma vez instalado, inicie o GIMP indo até o Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosGimp. + + +Mais informação está disponível na página de documentação do GIMP. + + + +Editor de Imagens Vetoriais Inkscape + +Inkscape é uma poderosa aplicação gráfica para a criação e edição de arquivos no formato SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics ou em português Gráficos Vetoriais Escaláveis). Ele é editor de gráficos vetoriais de código aberto similar ao Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw ou Xara. +Inkscape suporta muitas funcionalidades avançadas do SVG (como marcadores, clones, mistura de transparências e outros). Uma atenção especial tem sido dada a criação de uma racionalização com uma interface rica em recursos. Com o Inkscape, é muito fácil editar nós, executar operações complexas, rastrear bitmaps e executar outras funções avançadas de desenho. + + +Instale o pacote inkscape. Por favor verifique o documento Adicionar Aplicativos para obter ajuda sobre instalação de aplicativos. + + +Uma vez instalado, inicie o Inkscape indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosInkscape. + + +Para mais informações veja a página do Inkscape. + + + +Modelador 3D Blender + +O Blender é uma suíte integrada 3D para modelação, animação, renderização, pós-produção e criação interativa de cenários (jogos).O Blender é uma suite gráfica eficaz para criação de modelos e animações com qualidade profissional. + + +Instale o pacote Blender. Por favor verifique o documento Adicionar Aplicativos para obter ajuda sobre instalação de aplicativos. + + +Uma vez instalado, inicie o Blender indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosBlender. + + +Por favor verifique a página de documentação do Blender. + + + +Diagramador Eletrônico Scribus + +Scribus é um programa código aberto que traz o seu premiado leiaute de página profissional para desktops com uma combinação de saída "pré-impressa" e novas abordagens para a paginação. Por trás de sua interface amigável, o Scribus oferece recursos de edição profissional como paleta de cores CMYK, separações, cores especiais, gerenciamento de cores ICC e uma criação versátil de PDF. + + +Instale o pacote scribus-ng. Por favor verifique o documento Adicionar Aplicativos para obter ajuda sobre instalação de aplicativos. + + +Para instalar modelos adicionais, instale o pacote scribus-template. Por favor verifique o documento Adicionar Aplicativos para obter ajuda sobre instalação de aplicativos. + + +Uma vez instalado, inicie o Scribus Indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosScribus. + + +Por favor veja o site para mais informações + + + +Gerenciador de Fotos digikam + +O digiKam é um aplicativo de gerenciamento avançado de fotografia digital que faz a importação e organização de fotografias digitais num piscar de olhos. As fotos são organizadas em álbuns que podem ser ordenados cronologicamente, por leiaute da pasta ou coleções personalizadas +O digiKam também suporta o uso de marcadores. Imagens com o mesmo marcador podem ser espalhadas por várias pastas; o digiKam fornece maneiras rápidas e intuitivas para navegar pelas imagens marcadas. Comentários também podem ser adicionadas às imagens. O digiKam usa um rápido e robusto banco de dados para armazenar essa meta-informação, assim comentar e marcar é rápido e confiável. + +Veja como iniciar a usar o digiKam: + + + +Instale o pacote digiKam. Por favor verifique o documento Adicionar Aplicativos para obter ajuda sobre instalação de aplicativos. + + +Uma vez instalado, inicie o digiKam indo até o Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosGerenciador de Fotos. + + +Quando uma câmera é conectada ao computador, o Kubuntu abrirá uma caixa de diálogo com opções para algumas algumas ações. Selecionando "digiKam Detectar e Baixar" o digiKam abrirá e começará a importar imagens. + + +Se a auto-detecção não funcionar, significa que a câmera não está na lista atual de suporte, inicie digiKam vá até Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosGerenciamento de Foto. Selecione CâmeraAdd C +âmera... e siga as instruções para adicionar a câmera. Uma vez com a câmera instalada, as fotos podem ser baixadas da câmera indo em CameraSua câmera. + + + +Mais ajuda para o digiKam pode ser encontrada no Manual do digiKam. O manual do digiKam não é instalado por padrão, ele pode ser instalado como o digikam-doc. Por favor consulte a documentação Adicionando Aplicações para ajudar com a instalação de aplicativos. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/sk/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/sk/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/sk/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/sk/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,675 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing and Editing Photos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document deals with various image editing options available in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Image Editing + + +Kubuntu offers several powerful graphics and drawing applications. + + + +Gwenview + + +Gwenview is the default viewer. It supports image +editing, basic file operations, full screen viewing and more. +Gwenview works well for browsing and managing +image collections. It provides accurate control of image scaling, with manual +in and out zooming or automatic scaling of images to fit the viewing window. + + +Gwenview is installed in Kubuntu by default. Launch +Gwenview by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsImage Viewer. + + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + + +More information is available from the +Gwenview homepage. + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + + +The GIMP is a powerful graphics editing program +similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is the one of the best software tools available +for fast image editing. Often different tasks require different editing +environments. GIMP views and behaviors can be custom +fit, including choices for widget themes, color changes, widget spacing and icon +sizes, and selected tool sets in the toolbox. + + +The interface is modularized into dockable elements, which can be stacked in +tabs or opened in separate windows. The tab key toggles the interface elements, +so that they can be hidden when not in use. GIMP +features a fullscreen mode, which is effective for previewing images, and makes +the most of the screen area when editing images. + + + + +To install the GIMP package. Please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start GIMP by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + +More information is available from the GIMP documentation page. + + + + +Inkscape Vector Graphics Editor + + +Inkscape is a powerful graphics application for +creating and editing in the SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) +file format. It is an Open Source vector graphics editor with capabilities +similar to Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, or Xara. + + +Inkscape supports many advanced SVG features +(such as markers, clones, alpha blending and others). Special attention has been +given to creating a streamlined, yet feature-rich interface. With +Inkscape, it is easy to edit nodes, do complex +path operations, trace bitmaps and perform other advanced drawing functions. + + + + +Install the inkscape package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Inkscape by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape. + + + + +For more information see Inkscape homepage. + + + + +Blender 3d Modeler + + +Blender is an integrated 3d suite for modeling, +animation, rendering, post-production, interactive creation and playback +(games). Blender is an effective graphics suite for +creating professional quality models and animations. + + + + +Install the Blender package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Blender by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender. + + + + +Please refer to Blender documentation page. + + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + + +Scribus is an Open Source program that brings +award-winning professional page layout to desktops with a combination of +"press-ready" output and new approaches to page layout. Behind the user-friendly +interface, Scribus offers professional publishing +features such as a CMYK color space, separations, spot colors, ICC color +management and versatile PDF creation. + + + + +Install the scribus-ng package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +To install additional templates, install the +scribus-template package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Scribus by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScribus. + + + + +Please see the website for more information + + + + +digikam Photo Management + + +digiKam is an advanced digital photo management +application that makes importing and organizing digital photos a snap. The +photos are organized in albums that can be sorted chronologically, by folder +layout or by custom collections. + + +digiKam also supports tagging. Images with the same +tag could be spread out across multiple folders; +digiKam provides fast and intuitive ways to browse +these tagged images. Comments can also be added to images. +digiKam uses a fast and robust database to store this +meta-information, so commenting and tagging are quick and reliable. + + +Here's how to get started with digiKam: + + + + +Install the digiKam package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. + + + + +When a camera is connected to the computer, Kubuntu should pop open a +dialog box with choices for further action. Selecting "digiKam Detect and +Download" causes digiKam to open and begin importing +pictures. + + + + +If auto-detection does not work because the camera is not on the currently +supported list, launch digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. +Select + Camera Add Camera... + and follow the instructions to add the camera. Once a camera +has been set up, pictures can be downloaded from that camera by going to + Camera Your camera +. + + + + + +Further help for digiKam can be found in the digiKam Handbook. The +digiKam Handbook +is not installed by default, it can be installed as the package +digikam-doc. Please refer to the Adding Applications document for +help with installing applications. + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/sr/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/sr/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/sr/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/sr/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,675 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing and Editing Photos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document deals with various image editing options available in Kubuntu. + + + + + +Image Editing + + +Kubuntu offers several powerful graphics and drawing applications. + + + +Gwenview + + +Gwenview is the default viewer. It supports image +editing, basic file operations, full screen viewing and more. +Gwenview works well for browsing and managing +image collections. It provides accurate control of image scaling, with manual +in and out zooming or automatic scaling of images to fit the viewing window. + + +Gwenview is installed in Kubuntu by default. Launch +Gwenview by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsImage Viewer. + + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + + +More information is available from the +Gwenview homepage. + + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + + +The GIMP is a powerful graphics editing program +similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is the one of the best software tools available +for fast image editing. Often different tasks require different editing +environments. GIMP views and behaviors can be custom +fit, including choices for widget themes, color changes, widget spacing and icon +sizes, and selected tool sets in the toolbox. + + +The interface is modularized into dockable elements, which can be stacked in +tabs or opened in separate windows. The tab key toggles the interface elements, +so that they can be hidden when not in use. GIMP +features a fullscreen mode, which is effective for previewing images, and makes +the most of the screen area when editing images. + + + + +To install the GIMP package. Please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start GIMP by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + +More information is available from the GIMP documentation page. + + + + +Inkscape Vector Graphics Editor + + +Inkscape is a powerful graphics application for +creating and editing in the SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) +file format. It is an Open Source vector graphics editor with capabilities +similar to Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, or Xara. + + +Inkscape supports many advanced SVG features +(such as markers, clones, alpha blending and others). Special attention has been +given to creating a streamlined, yet feature-rich interface. With +Inkscape, it is easy to edit nodes, do complex +path operations, trace bitmaps and perform other advanced drawing functions. + + + + +Install the inkscape package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Inkscape by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsInkscape. + + + + +For more information see Inkscape homepage. + + + + +Blender 3d Modeler + + +Blender is an integrated 3d suite for modeling, +animation, rendering, post-production, interactive creation and playback +(games). Blender is an effective graphics suite for +creating professional quality models and animations. + + + + +Install the Blender package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Blender by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsBlender. + + + + +Please refer to Blender documentation page. + + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + + +Scribus is an Open Source program that brings +award-winning professional page layout to desktops with a combination of +"press-ready" output and new approaches to page layout. Behind the user-friendly +interface, Scribus offers professional publishing +features such as a CMYK color space, separations, spot colors, ICC color +management and versatile PDF creation. + + + + +Install the scribus-ng package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +To install additional templates, install the +scribus-template package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start Scribus by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScribus. + + + + +Please see the website for more information + + + + +digikam Photo Management + + +digiKam is an advanced digital photo management +application that makes importing and organizing digital photos a snap. The +photos are organized in albums that can be sorted chronologically, by folder +layout or by custom collections. + + +digiKam also supports tagging. Images with the same +tag could be spread out across multiple folders; +digiKam provides fast and intuitive ways to browse +these tagged images. Comments can also be added to images. +digiKam uses a fast and robust database to store this +meta-information, so commenting and tagging are quick and reliable. + + +Here's how to get started with digiKam: + + + + +Install the digiKam package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. + + + + +When a camera is connected to the computer, Kubuntu should pop open a +dialog box with choices for further action. Selecting "digiKam Detect and +Download" causes digiKam to open and begin importing +pictures. + + + + +If auto-detection does not work because the camera is not on the currently +supported list, launch digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. +Select + Camera Add Camera... + and follow the instructions to add the camera. Once a camera +has been set up, pictures can be downloaded from that camera by going to + Camera Your camera +. + + + + + +Further help for digiKam can be found in the digiKam Handbook. The +digiKam Handbook +is not installed by default, it can be installed as the package +digikam-doc. Please refer to the Adding Applications document for +help with installing applications. + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/sv/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/sv/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/sv/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/sv/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,647 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hantera och redigera foton i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument hanterar olika alternativ för bildredigering som är tillgängliga i Kubuntu. + + + + +Bildredigering + +Kubuntu tillhandahåller flera kraftfulla bild och rit program. + + +Gwenview + +Gwenview är standard bildvisaren. Den stöder bildredigering, grundläggande filhantering, fullskärmsvisning och mer. Gwenview fungera bra till att bläddra i och hantera bildsamlingar. Den ger noggrann kontroll av bildskalning med manuell in och ut zoomning eller automatisk skalning av bilder för att passa visningsfönstret. +Gwenview är installerat i Kubuntu som standard. Starta Gwenview genom att gå till Kickoff programstartarenProgramGrafikBildvisare. + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +Ytterligare information är tillgängligt på Gwenview:s webbplats. + + + +GIMP (GNU:s bildmanipuleringsprogram) + + +The GIMP is a powerful graphics editing program +similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is the one of the best software tools available +for fast image editing. Often different tasks require different editing +environments. GIMP views and behaviors can be custom +fit, including choices for widget themes, color changes, widget spacing and icon +sizes, and selected tool sets in the toolbox. + + +The interface is modularized into dockable elements, which can be stacked in +tabs or opened in separate windows. The tab key toggles the interface elements, +so that they can be hidden when not in use. GIMP +features a fullscreen mode, which is effective for previewing images, and makes +the most of the screen area when editing images. + + + + +To install the GIMP package. Please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start GIMP by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsGimp. + + + + +More information is available from the GIMP documentation page. + + + + +Vektorillustratören Inkscape + + +Inkscape is a powerful graphics application for +creating and editing in the SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) +file format. It is an Open Source vector graphics editor with capabilities +similar to Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw, or Xara. + + +Inkscape supports many advanced SVG features +(such as markers, clones, alpha blending and others). Special attention has been +given to creating a streamlined, yet feature-rich interface. With +Inkscape, it is easy to edit nodes, do complex +path operations, trace bitmaps and perform other advanced drawing functions. + + + + +Install the inkscape package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + +Efter installation, starta Inkscape genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramGrafikInkscape. + + +För ytterligare information se Inkscape:s hemsida. + + + +Blender 3d Modeler + + +Blender is an integrated 3d suite for modeling, +animation, rendering, post-production, interactive creation and playback +(games). Blender is an effective graphics suite for +creating professional quality models and animations. + + + + +Install the Blender package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + +Efter installation, starta Blender genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramGrafikBlender. + + + +Please refer to Blender documentation page. + + + + +Scribus Desktop Publishing + + +Scribus is an Open Source program that brings +award-winning professional page layout to desktops with a combination of +"press-ready" output and new approaches to page layout. Behind the user-friendly +interface, Scribus offers professional publishing +features such as a CMYK color space, separations, spot colors, ICC color +management and versatile PDF creation. + + + + +Install the scribus-ng package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +To install additional templates, install the +scribus-template package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + +Efter installation, starta Scribus genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramGrafikScribus. + + + +Please see the website for more information + + + + +digikam fotohantering + + +digiKam is an advanced digital photo management +application that makes importing and organizing digital photos a snap. The +photos are organized in albums that can be sorted chronologically, by folder +layout or by custom collections. + + +digiKam also supports tagging. Images with the same +tag could be spread out across multiple folders; +digiKam provides fast and intuitive ways to browse +these tagged images. Comments can also be added to images. +digiKam uses a fast and robust database to store this +meta-information, so commenting and tagging are quick and reliable. + + +Here's how to get started with digiKam: + + + + +Install the digiKam package. Please refer to the +Adding +Applications document for help on installing applications. + + + + +Once installed, start digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. + + + + +When a camera is connected to the computer, Kubuntu should pop open a +dialog box with choices for further action. Selecting "digiKam Detect and +Download" causes digiKam to open and begin importing +pictures. + + + + +If auto-detection does not work because the camera is not on the currently +supported list, launch digiKam by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsPhoto Management. +Select + Camera Add Camera... + and follow the instructions to add the camera. Once a camera +has been set up, pictures can be downloaded from that camera by going to + Camera Your camera +. + + + + + +Further help for digiKam can be found in the digiKam Handbook. The +digiKam Handbook +is not installed by default, it can be installed as the package +digikam-doc. Please refer to the Adding Applications document for +help with installing applications. + + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/uk/photos.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/uk/photos.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/photos/uk/photos.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/photos/uk/photos.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Впорядкування та редагування фотографій у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Цей документ присвячено опису різноманітних варіантів роботи з фотографіями у Kubuntu. + + + + +Редагування фотографій + +У Kubuntu передбачено декілька потужних програм для обробки зображень та малювання. + + +Gwenview + +Gwenview є типовою програмою для перегляду зображень. У ній передбачено підтримку редагування зображень, основних дій над файлами, повноекранний режим перегляду тощо. Gwenview можна користуватися для навігації та впорядкування збірок зображень. У програмі можна скористатися точним масштабуванням зображень, збільшенням або зменшенням зображень вручну чи автоматичним масштабуванням відповідно до розмірів вікна перегляду. +Gwenview є частиною типового набору програм Kubuntu. Запустити Gwenview можна за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаПереглядач зображень. + + +Gwenview + + + + + + + +Докладніше про програму можна дізнатися з домашньої сторінки Gwenview. + + + +GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) + +GIMP — це потужна програма для редагування зображень, подібна до Adobe Photoshop. Ця програма є одним з найкращих інструментів для швидкого редагування зображень. Часто виконання різних завдань потребує різних середовищ редагування. Панелі та поведінку GIMP можна налаштувати згідно до ваших потреб, зокрема вибрати тему віджетів, змінити кольори, інтервали між віджетами та розміри піктограм, а також вказати набори інструментів панелі інструментів. +Інтерфейс програми поділено на окремі панелі, які можна розташовувати у вікні як вкладки або відкривати у окремих вікнах. Перемикатися між елементами інтерфейсу можна за допомогою клавіші Tab, отже непотрібні елементи досить просто приховати. У GIMP передбачено повноекранний режим, який добре пасує для перегляду зображень і надає максимальні можливості щодо використання площі екрана під час редагування зображень. + + +Щоб встановити програму, слід встановити пакунок GIMP. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення програм, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + +Після встановлення запустити GIMP можна за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаGimp. + + +Докладніші відомості щодо програми можна отримати за допомогою сторінки документації GIMP. + + + +Редактор векторної графіки Inkscape + +Inkscape є потужною програмою для створення та редагування зображень у формтаі SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics або масштабованої векторної графіки). Ця програма є редактором векторної графіки з відкритим кодом і можливостями, подібними до Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw або Xara. +У Inkscape передбачено багато складних можливостей SVG (зокрема позначки, клонування, прозорість тощо). Особливу увагу під час створення програми було приділено розробці простого, але потужного інтерфейсу. За допомогою Inkscape дуже просто змінювати параметри вузлів, виконувати складні дії над контурами, векторизувати растрові зображення і виконувати інші складні дії з малювання. + + +Встановити програму можна за допомогою пакунка inkscape. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення програм, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + +Після встановлення запустити Inkscape можна за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаInkscape. + + +Докладніше про програму можна дізнатися з домашньої сторінки Inkscape. + + + +Програма для просторового моделювання Blender + +Blender є комплексним середовищем для моделювання, створення анімацій, обробки, приготування, створення інтерактивних зображень та відтворення відеороликів (ігор). Blender є ефективним комплектом програм для створення моделей та анімацій професійної якості. + + +Встановіть пакунок Blender. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення програм, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + +Після встановлення запустити Blender можна за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаBlender. + + +Будь ласка, ознайомтеся зі сторінкою документації з Blender. + + + +Видавничий комплекс Scribus + +Scribus є програмою з відкритим кодом. Цю програму було удостоєно нагород за професійне компонування сторінок за допомогою персонального комп’ютера та поєднання готових до друку вихідних матеріалів з новітніми підходами до компонування сторінок. У Scribus поєднується дружній до користувача інтерфейс та професійні можливості, зокрема використання простору кольорів CMYK, поділ за кольорами, виокремлення кольорів, керування профілями кольорів за допомогою ICC та гнучкі можливості створення документів у форматі PDF. + + +Встановіть пакунок scribus-ng. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення програм, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + +Додаткові шаблони можна встановити за допомогою пакунка scribus-template. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення програм, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + +Після встановлення запустити Scribus можна за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаScribus. + + +Докладніші відомості щодо програми можна отримати з її веб-сайта. + + + +Програма для керування фотографіями digiKam + +digiKam — програма з розширеними можливостями щодо керування цифровими фотографіями, яка робить імпортування і впорядкування цифрових фотографій зовсім простою справою. Програма впорядковує фотографії за альбомами, які можна розташовувати у вікні програму у хронологічному порядку, за теками або за нетиповими збірками. +Крім того, у digiKam передбачено підтримку роботи з мітками. Зображення з однаковими мітками можуть зберігатися у зовсім різних теках, — у digiKam ви зможете швидко і без проблем переглянути всі такі зображення одночасно. Крім того, до зображень можна додавати коментарі. digiKam використовує швидку і стійку до помилок базу даних для зберігання подібної метаінформації, отже робота з мітками даватиме швидкі та надійні результати. + +Ось як можна розпочати роботу з digiKam: + + + +Щоб встановити програму, слід встановити пакунок digiKam. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення програм, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + +Після встановлення запустити digiKam можна за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаdigiKam. + + +Після з’єднання цифрового фотоапарата з комп’ютером, Kubuntu має відкрити контекстне вікно з переліком варіантів подальших дій. Вибір варіанта «Звантажити фотографії за допомогою digiKam» призведе до відкриття сховища фотоапарата з наступним імпортуванням фотографій. + + +Якщо автоматичне визначення фотоапарата не спрацювало через те, що фотоапарат ще не підтримується програмою, запустіть digiKam за допомогою пункту меню засобу для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиГрафікаКерування фотографіями. Скористайтеся пунктом меню ФотоапаратДодати фотоапарат... і виконайте настанови щодо додавання фотоапарата. Після визначення параметрів фотоапарата, звантажити знімки мона за допомогою пункту меню ФотоапаратНазва вашого фотоапарата. + + + +Докладніші довідкові матеріали щодо digiKam викладено у Підручнику з digiKam. Через значний розмір підручника з digiKam його типово не буде встановлено. Встановити підручник можна за допомогою пакунка digikam-doc. Щоб дізнатися більше про встановлення пакунків, зверніться до розділу Додавання програм. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/de/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/de/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/de/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/de/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,672 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Druckerverwaltung unter <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument beinhaltet Informationen über die verschiedenen Druckoptionen, die Kubuntu anbietet, und weitere verbundene Aufgaben. + + + + + +Drucken + +Die meisten Drucker werden von Kubuntu unterstützt. Systemeinstellungen > Druckereinstellungen bieten die Möglichkeiten Drucker hinzuzufügen, ihre Einstellungen zu bearbeiten, Druckaufträge zu überwachen, Drucker auszuschalten und neu zu starten, sowie gemeinsames Drucken einzurichten. + + + +HP Gerätemanager + +Der HP Geräteverwalter vereinfacht die Einrichtung von Druckern, einschließlich HP Multifunktionsgeräten (MFDs)-- Drucker die sowohl kopieren als auch scannen. Dieses Programm sollte genutz werden, wenn es eine direkte Verbindung vom Rechner zum Drucker über USB, LPT (Parallelanschluss) oder Netzwerk (Direkverbindung oder JetDirect). Der HP Geräteverwalter arbeitet nicht mit Druckern im Netzwerk, die mit Samba geteilt werden. Wenn der Drucker mit Samba eingerichtet wurde, wird empfohlen. +Um den HP Gerätemanager zu öffnen, drücken Sie AltF2. In den Befehl ausführen Dialog geben Sie printer +toolbox ein und drücken Sie den OK Knopf oder die Enter Taste. Wenn Sie die Anwendung zum ersten Mal öffnen, wird der Keine installierten HP Geräte gefunden Dialog aufgerufen. Dort werden Ihnen drei Möglichkeiten angeboen: Gerät einrichten..., CUPS Webseite, and Schließen. Um einen Drucker einzurichten, wählen Sie den Gerät einrichten... Knopf. Wenn Sie nach einem Passwort gefragt werden, geben Sie das richtige Passwort ein und drücken Sie den OK Knopf. Wählen Sie die Option, die dem Drucker entspricht und kompletieren Sie die Einrichtung. Der HP Gerätemanager hat die Möglichkeit um angeschlossene Geräte zu erkennenn oder das Netzwerk nach kompatiblen Geräten abzusuchen. +Für weitere Informationen über den HP Gerätemanager, installieren Sie das hplip-docs Paket. Bitte sehen Sie sich die Anwendungen hinzufügen Dokumentation an, für weitere Informationen über das Hinzufügen von zusätzlichen Paketen. Wenn die hplip-docs installiert sind, können Sie sie aufrufen über HilfeInhalt... oder durch Aufruf von . + + + + +Lokales Drucken + +Ein lokaler Drucker ist direkt an den Rechner angeschlossen (Netzwerkdrucker werden im folgenden Abschnitt behandelt). Um einen neuen Drucker einzurichten: + + +Bestimmen Sie das Druckermodell und vergewissern Sie sich, dass der Drucker eingeschaltet ist. + + +Starten Sie Kickoff-Anwendungs-StarterSystemeinstellungen und wählen Sie anschließend Druckereinrichtung um den system-settings-config-printers Dialog zu öffnen. + + +Wählen Sie HinzufügenDrucker/Klasse hinzufügen... + + +Der Drucker sollte automatisch gefunden werden. Wenn das geschehen ist, klicken Sie auf Weiter > und anschließend auf Fertigstellen. + + +Um den Vorgang abzuschließen, geben Sie eine Beschreibung und einen Ort für den Drucker ein. + + +Einige Drucker benötigen weitere Einrichtungsschritte. Wenn der Drucker nicht automatisch erkannt worden ist, sollten Sie versuchen, den Port und Druckertreiber manuell auszuwählen. Suchen Sie unter LinuxPrinting.org oder auf der Druckerseite im Kubuntu Wiki nach möglichen Informationen über Ihren Drucker. + + + + +Drucken über das Netzwerk + +Kubuntu kann so eingerichtet werden, dass Druckaufträge an einen entfernten Printserver gesendet werden. Entfernte Drucker sind durch ein Netzwerk verbunden. Um einen entfernten Drucker einzurichten: + + +Bestimmen Sie das Druckermodell und vergewissern Sie sich, dass der Drucker eingeschaltet ist. + + +Starten Sie Kickoff-Anwendungs-StarterSystemeinstellungen und wählen Sie anschließend Druckereinrichtung um den system-settings-config-printers Dialog zu öffnen. + + +Wählen Sie Neuer DruckerNeue Drucker Klasse + + +Beim Einführung Dialog, drücken Sie den Weiter >-Knopf. + + +Im Backend Auswahl-Dialog wählen Sie den Typ der Fern-Verbindung die Sie benutzen möchten und drücken Sie dann den Weiter >- Knopf. + + +Im Dialog Benutzer-Identifikation können Sie die Authentifizierungs-Methode auswählen, die entweder vom entfernten Drucker oder dem System genutzt wird, das den Drucker zur Verfügung stellt. TIPP: Falls eine Frage gestellt wird, versuchen Sie Anonym (kein Login/Password) und drücken den Weiter > Knopf. Sollte der Versuch fehlschlagen, versuchen Sie es mit dem Gast Zugang (login="guest"). + + +Klicken Sie im Dialog "Druckereinstellungen" den Scan Knopf. Falls dort Authentifizierungsfehler auftreten, klicken Sie auf < Zurück und versuchen den ersten Schritt mit anderen Authentifizierungseinstellungen. Sobald alles gut geht, wählen Sie den entfernten Drucker und klicken auf Weiter >. + + +Nachdem KDE die Treiberdatenbank erstellt hat, wird der Dialog zur Druckermodell Auswahl mit einer Liste von Herstellern und Modellen angezeigt. Machen Sie den Drucker ausfindig, markieren die zugehörigen Treiber und klicken Sie auf Weiter >. Sofern keine weitere Druckerinformationen gefunden worden sind, suchen Sie bitte in den Datenbanken von LinuxPrinting.org oder ziehen Sie die Kubuntu Wiki Druckerseite für weitere Informationen zu Ihrem Drucker zu Rate. + + +In diesem Schritt gibt es zwei mögliche Dialoge. Wenn die Treiber automatisch eingerichtet worden sind, dann wird der Druckertest Dialog angezeigt werden. Andernfalls tritt der Treiber-Auswahl Dialog in Erscheinung. + + +Beim Druckertest Dialog kann ein Testausdruck veranlasst werden, um die Funktionstüchtigkeit des Druckers festzustellen. Wenn er durchgeführt worden ist, klicken Sie den Weiter > Knopf zum Fortfahren. + + +Im Treiber-Auswahl Dialog erscheint die Aufforderung, den geeigneten Treiber auszuwählen. Wenn ein mit [empfohlen] markierter Treiber aufgelistet wird, sollten Sie diesen auswählen und anschließend Weiter > anklicken. Falls kein Treiber empfohlen wird, versuchen Sie einen Treiber auszuwählen, der für Ihren Drucker passen könnte. + + + + +Im Trennseiten-Einstellungen Dialog, können Sie den standardmäßigen Vorspann und Nachspann festlegen. Klicken Sie anschließend auf Weiter >. + + +Im Printer Quota Settings Dialog können Sie eine Begrenzung für den Drucker festlegen. Sie entspricht der maximalen Dateigröße oder Anzahl von Seiten, die in einem Mal an den Drucker geschickt werden können. Wenn Sie fertig sind, klicken Sie auf Weiter >. + + +In dem Einstellungsdialog Benutzerberechtigungen können Sie Zugriffsregeln für Benutzer und Gruppen festlegen. Wenn Sie fertig sind, klicken Sie auf Weiter >. + + +Geben Sie im Dialog Allgemeine Informationen zumindest einen Namen für den Drucker ein. Wenn Sie fertig sind, klicken Sie auf Weiter >. + + +Bestätigung lautet der letzte Dialog. Stellen Sie sicher, dass die angegebenen Informationen korrekt sind und klicken Sie im Anschluss auf Fertigstellen um die Installation abzuschließen. + + + + + + +Samba-Druckerserver + +Samba wird üblicherweise eingesetzt um das gemeinsame Drucken unter Ubuntu einzurichten, ob bei lokalem Anschluss oder über ein Netzwerk. Ähnlich wie bei dem Samba-Dateiserver zeigt dieser Abschnitt wie Samba eingerichtet wird, um einen Client im lokalen Netzwerk zu ermöglichen, die installierten Drucker ohne Eingabeaufforderung für einen Benutzernamen oder Passwort zu nutzen. +Eine Einrichtung mit weitergehenden Sicherheitsfunktionen wird in Samba-fileprint-security beschrieben. + + +Installation + +Vor der Installation und Einrichtung von Samba empfiehlt es sich, über eine funktionierende CUPS zu Verfügen. Lesen Sie im Wiki weitergehende Informationen. +Um das samba-Paket zu installieren, geben Sie in einem Terminal folgendes ein: + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Konfiguration + +Nach der Installation von samba sollten Sie /etc/samba/smb.conf bearbeiten. Ändern Sie das workgroup-Attribut so ab, dass es Ihrem Netzwerk entspricht und ändern Sie security zu share: + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + +Ändern Sie im Abschnitt [printers] die Option guest ok zu yes: + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + +Nach dem bearbeiten von smb.conf müssen Sie Samba neu starten: + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + +Die Standardeinstellung von Samba wird automatisch alle eingerichteten Drucker zur Verfügung stellen. Installieren Sie die Drucker einfach lokal auf den Windows Clients. + + + +Ressourcen + + + +Weitergehende Samba-Konfigurationen finden Sie in der Samba-HOWTO–Sammlung. + + +Dieses Handbuch steht auch in gedruckter Form zur Verfügung. + + +O'Reilly's Using Samba ist eine andere gute Referenz. + + +Weitere Informationen zur Einrichtung von CUPS erfahren Sie auf der CUPS Website. + + + + + + + +Testen eines Druckers + + + +Wählen Sie Drucker aus Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterRechnerSystemeinstellungen. + + +Nach einen Rechtsklick auf den Drucker wählen Sie zum Testen Druckertest... + + +Klicken Sie Im Warndialog/guilabel> den Knopf Testseite drucken. + + + + + + +Einen Drucker freigeben + + + +Wählen Sie Drucker aus Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterRechnerSystemeinstellungen. + + +Wählen Sie den gemeinsam verfügbar zu machenden Drucker aus oder heben Sie ihn hervor. + + +Gehen Sie, nachdem er ausgewählt worden ist, auf Print ServerDrucker in einem lokalen Netwerk verfügbar machen. + + +Bei dem Drucker für das lokale Netzwerk freigeben-Dialog, klicken Sie den Freigabe aktivieren-Knopf. + + +Beim Als root ausführen - KDE su Dialog, geben Sie das richtige Passwort ein und drücken den OK Knopf + + + + + + + +Scanning + +Kubuntu unterstützt zahlreiche Scanner. Um herauszufinden, ob ein bestimmter Scanner unterstützt wird, prüfen Sie die Wikiseite Scanner Hardware Support, sowie SANE Projects Liste der unterstützten Scanner. +Kubuntu wird mit der Anwendung Skanlite ausgeliefert, KDE scannen und OCR. Um Skanlite aufzurufen gehen Sie über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeGrafikScan & OCR Programm. Weitere Informationen über Skanlite kann im Skanlite Manual gefunden werden. + + +Installation und Konfiguration eines Scanners + +Falls der Scanner unterstützt wird, ist der nächste Schritt die Installation. Die meisten unterstützten USB Scanner werden automatisch installiert. Sollte der Scanner nicht automatisch installiert worden sein, halten Sie sich an die folgenden Installationsanweisungen. + +Installationshilfe +Bitte lesen Sie in der Programme hinzufügen Dokumentation für Kubuntu. + + +Weitere Informationen zur Installation und Konfiguration eines Scanners +Für weitere Informationen siehe: + + + + + + + + + + + +Manuelle Scannerinstallation + +Installieren Sie das libsane-extras-Paket. + + +AltF2, in dem Dialog kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf und drücken Sie die OK-Auswahlfläche. + + +Lokalisiert den richtigen Treiber für den Scanner und dekommentiert ihn durch entfernen des #. + + +Speichern und schließen Sie die Datei. + + +Nutzen Sie Kooka um das Scannen zu beginnen. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/es/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/es/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/es/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/es/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,672 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestionar impresoras e imprimir en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento contiene información sobre varias opciones de impresión que ofrece Kubuntu y otras tareas relacionadas. + + + + + +Imprimiendo + +La mayoría de las impresoras están soportadas en Kubuntu. Configuración de sistema y Configuración de impresora proporcionan la capacidad de añadir impresoras, modificar su configuración, monitorizar trabajos de impresión, suspender trabajos, suspender o reiniciar impresoras y configurar impresoras compartidas + + + +Amnisitrador de dispositivos HP + +El Administrador de dispositivos HP simplifica la configuración de impresoras, incluidos los dispositivos multifunción (MFDs) HP, impresoras que también permiten realizar copias y escanear documentos. Esta aplicación debe utilizarse si hay una conexión directa entre el equipo y la impresora por USB, LPT (puerto paralelo) o red (conexión directa o JetDirect). El Administrador de dispositivos HP no funciona con las impresoras de una red compartida utilizando Samba. Si se ha configurado la impresora con Samba, se recomienda utilizar . +Para abrir el Administrador de dispositivos HP, pulse AltF2. En el cuadro de diálogo Ejecutar una aplicación, escriba printer +toolbox y, a continuación, pulse el botón Aceptar o pulse la tecla Intro. Si es la primera vez que abre la aplicación, aparecerá el cuadro de diálogo No se han encontrado dispositivos HP instalados. Se le mostrarán tres opciones: Configurar dispositivos..., Interfaz web de CUPS y Cerrar. Para configurar la impresora, seleccione el botón Configurar dispositivo.... Cuando se le pida la contraseña, escríbala y pulse el botón Aceptar. Seleccione la opción adecuada para la configuración de la impresora y finalice la configuración. El Administrador de dispositivos HP es capaz de detectar automáticamente todos los dispositivos conectados, así como escanear una red para buscar los dispositivos compatibles. +Para obtener más información sobre el Administrador de dispositivos HP, instale el paquete hplip-docs. Consulte en la documentación el tema Agregar aplicaciones para obtener más información sobre cómo instalar aplicaciones adicionales. Una vez que haya instalado hplip-docs, es posible abrirlo seleccionando AyudaContenido... o navegando hasta . + + + + +Impresión local + +Una impresora local es aquella que está directamente enchufada en el equipo (las impresoras de red se tratan en la siguiente sección). Para configurar una impresora local nueva: + + +Determine el modelo de la impresora y asegúrese de que está encendida. + + +Elija Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffConfiguración de sistema y seleccione Configuración de impresora para abrir el diálogo de sistema system-settings-config-printers. + + +Elija AñadirAñadir impresora/Clase... + + +La impresora debiera ser detectada automáticamente. Si es así, pulse Siguiente > y después Finalizar. + + +Para finalizar, introduzca una descripción y una localización para la impresora. + + +Para algunas impresoras, pueden ser necesarios otros pasos de configuración. Si no se detecta automáticamente la impresora, pruebe a seleccionar manualmente el puerto y el controlador de la impresora. Busque en las bases de datos de LinuxPrinting.org o consulte la página sobre impresoras de la wiki de Kubuntu para buscar la información disponible sobre la impresora. + + + + +Impresión en red + +Kubuntu se puede configurar para enviar trabajos de impresión a un servidor de impresión remoto. Las impresoras remotas están ligadas a través de una red. Para configurar una impresora remota: + + +Determine el modelo de la impresora y asegúrese de que está encendida. + + +Elija Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffConfiguración de sistema y seleccione Configuración de impresora para abrir el diálogo de sistema system-settings-config-printers. + + +Elija Impresora nuevaClase de impresora nueva + + +En el diálogo de Introducción, presione el botón Siguiente >. + + +En el diálogo de Selección de entorno, seleccione el tipo de conexión remota que desea usar y presione el botón Siguiente >. + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Identificación del usuario, seleccione el tipo de autenticación que utiliza el sistema remoto o el sistema que está compartiendo la impresora remota. CONSEJO: si le aparece una pregunta pruebe a responder Anónimo (sin inicio de sesión ni contraseña) y pulse el botón Siguiente >. Si esto no funciona pruebe con la Cuenta de invitado (inicio de sesión="guest"). + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Configuración de la impresora, pulse el botón Escanear. Si hay algún error de autenticación, pulse el botón < Atrás y pruebe a realizar el paso anterior con una configuración de autenticación diferente. Si todo va bien, seleccione la impresora remota y pulse Siguiente >. + + +Una vez que KDE gener la base de datos de controladores, aparecerá el cuadro de diálogo Selección de modelo de impresora con una lista con información sobre el fabricante y el modelo. Busque la impresora, resalte los controladores correspondientes y pulse Siguiente >. Si no se encuentra ningún dato relativo a la impresora, busque en las bases de datos de LinuxPrinting.org o consulte la página sobre impresoras de la wiki de Kubuntu para buscar la información disponible sobre la impresora. + + +Para este paso, hay dos opciones posibles respecto al cuadro de diálogo. Si se configuraron automáticamente los controladores, aparecerá el cuadro de diálogo Prueba de la impresora. Si no se han configurado automáticamente, aparecerá el cuadro de diálogo Selección del controlador. + + +En el diálogo Prueba de impresora, haga una prueba para verificar la operación de la impresora o moverla. Cuando esté completa, pulse el botón Siguiente >. + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Selección del controlador, se le pedirá que seleccione el controlador adecuado. Si hay un controlador [recomendado], selecciónelo y pulse Siguiente >. Si no se recomienda ninguno, pruebe todos los controladores hasta encontrar el adecuado para la impresora. + + + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Selección de banner, seleccione los banners predeterminados Inicio y Final. Cuando termine, presione Siguiente >. + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Configuración de cuota de impresora, defina el tamaño de la cuota que debe activarse para la impresora. Este valor es el tamaño máximo de archivo o el número máximo de páginas que se permitirán simultáneamente en un momento dado. Cuando termine, pulse Siguiente >. + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Configuración de acceso de los usuarios, se pueden establecer las reglas de acceso que seguirán los usuarios o grupos. Cuando termine, pulse Siguiente >. + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Información general, inserte como mínimo un nombre para la impresora. Cuando termine, pulse Siguiente >. + + +Confirmación es el final del diálogo presentado. Verifique que la información es correcta y pulse Finalizar para completar la instalación. + + + + + + +Servidor de impresión Samba + +Samba se utiliza frecuentemente para configurar impresoras compartidas, instaladas de manera local o a través de una red, en un servidor con Ubuntu. De manera similar a Samba-fileserver, esta sección le explicará cómo configurar Samba para permitir que cualquier cliente de la red local pueda utilizar las impresoras instaladas sin preguntar un nombre de usuario y una contraseña. +Para una configuración más segura, vea Samba-fileprint-security + + +Instalación + +Antes de instalar y configurar Samba, es preferible disponer una instalación de CUPS que funcione correctamente. Consulte este wiki para obtener más información. +Para instalar el paquete samba, teclee en un terminal: + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuración + +Tras instalar Samba, edite /etc/samba/smb.conf. Cambie el atributo workgroup según sea adecuado para la red y cambie security a share: + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + +En la sección [printers], cambie la opción guest ok a yes: + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + +Después de editar smb.conf, reinicie Samba: + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + +La configuración predeterminada de Samba compartirá cualquier impresora instalada automáticamente. Simplemente instale impresoras localmente en los clientes Windows. + + + +Recursos + + + +Para una configuración más detallada de Samba, consulte la colección de HOWTOs de Samba. + + +La guía también está disponible en formato impreso. + + +El libro de O'Reilly Using Samba es otra buena fuente de referencia. + + +Vea el Sitio web de CUPS para más información de la configuración de CUPS. + + + + + + + +Probando una impresora + + + +Seleccione Impresoras desde Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffEquipoConfiguración de sistema. + + +Haga clic con el botón derecho del ratón en la impresora que desea probar y seleccione Probar impresora... + + +En el diálogo Aviso pulse el botón Imprimir página de prueba. + + + + + + +Compartiendo una impresora + + + +Seleccione Impresoras desde Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffEquipoConfiguración de sistema. + + +Resalte o seleccione la impresora a compartir. + + +Una vez resaltada, vaya a Servidor de impresiónCompartir impresoras en red local. + + +En el dialogo de Compartir impresoras en la red local, pulse el botón de Permitir compartir. + + +En el cuadro de diálogo Ejecutar como root - KDE su, escriba la contraseña adecuada y pulse el botón Aceptar. + + + + + + + +Explorando + +Kubuntu es compatible con una gran variedad de escáneres. Para ver si un escáner concreto es compatible, revise la página wiki de Compatibilidad con hardware de escáneres, así como la lista de proyectos SANE de escáneres compatibles. +Kubuntu incluye de serie la aplicación de software Kooka, escaneado KDE y OCR. Para abrir Kooka, elija Lanzador de aplicacionesAplicacionesGráficosPrograma de escaneado y OCR. Puede encontrar más información sbore Kooka en El manual de Kooka. + + +Instalación y configuración del escáner + +Si el escáner es compatible, el siguiente paso es la instalación. La mayoría de los escáneres USB se instalarán de manera automática. Si no se instala automáticamente el escáner, consulte las siguientes instrucciones de instalación. + +Ayuda de instalación +Vaya a la documentación Añadir aplicaciones para Kubuntu. + + +Más información de instalación y configuración de escáners +Para más información revise el siguiente: + + + + + + + + + + + +Instalación manual del escáner + +Instale el paquete libsane-extras. + + +AltF2, teclee en el cuadro de diálogo kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf y pulse el botón Aceptar. + + +Localice el controlador correcto para el escáner y descomente eliminado/borrando el símbolo #. + + +Guarda y cierra el archivo. + + +Use Kooka para empezar a explorar. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/et/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/et/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/et/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/et/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Printerite ja printimise haldamine <phrase>Kubuntus</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +See dokument sisaldab teavet erinevate printimisvalikute ja seonduvate tegevuste kohta, mida Kubuntu pakub. + + + + + +Printimine + +Kubuntu toetab enamikke printereid. KDEPrint võimaldab lisada printereid, muuta nende seadistusi, jälgida printimistöid, eemaldada printereid süsteemist, neid taaskäivitada ning jagada. + + + +HP Seadmehaldur + +HP seadmehaldur lihtsustab HP multifunktsionaalsete seadmete, (MFDs), printerite (koopia tegemise ja skaneerimise funktsiooniga) ning teiste HP printerite seadistamist. Selle rakenduse kasutamiseks on soovitatav otseühendus USB, LPT (paralleelport) või võrgu kaudu (otseühendus või JetDirect). HP seadmehaldur ei tööta Sambatt kasutaval võrguprinteril seadistatud printeritega. Kui sinu printer selliselt seadistatud, siis on soovitatav vaadata . +HP seadmehalduri avamiseks vajuta AltF2 ning kui ilmub dialoog Käivita käsk, siis trüki printeri +tööriistakast ning vajuta nuppu OK või klahvi Enter. Kui avad seda rakendust esimest korda, siis saad teate, et paigaldatud HP seadmeid ei leitud. Sul on kolm valikut: Seadista seade..., CUPS veebiliides ja Sulge. Oma printeri seadistamiseks vali nupp Seadista seade.... Kui küsitakse parooli, siis sisesta oma kasutaja parool ning vajuta nuppu OK. Seejärel pead valima sellise valiku, mis sobib sinu seadistustega. HP seadmehaldur tuvastab automaatselt iga lisatud seadme või otsib sinu võrgust ühilduvaid seadmeid. +Lisateabe saamiseks HP seadmehalduri kohta saab paigaldades hplip-docs paketi. Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni, et saada rohkemat infot lisarakenduste paigaldamise kohta. Kui hplip-docs on paigaldatud, siis ligipääsu saab, minnes AbiSisukord... või trükkides lehitsejasse aadressi: . + + + + +Kohalik printimine + +Kohalik printer on otse sinu arvutiga ühendatud printer (erinevalt võrguprinterist, millest täpsemalt järgmises sektsioonis). Uue kohaliku printeri seadistamiseks: + + +Uuri välja oma printeri mudel ning veendu, et printer on sisse lülitatud. + + +Vali Kickoff rakenduste käivitajaSüsteemi seadistused ja vali Printeri seadistused, et avada süsteemidialoog Süsteemi seadistused - Printeri seadistamine. + + +Vali AddLisa printer/klass... + + +Sinu printer peaks automaatselt tuvastatama. Kui see on tuvastatud, siis vajuta lihtsalt Edasi > ning seejärel Lõpeta. + + +Lõpetamiseks sisesta printeri kirjeldus ja asukoht + + +Mõned printerid võivad vajada lisaseadistamist. Kui sinu printerit ei tuvastatud automaatselt, siis proovi valida port ja printeri draiver käsitsi. Otsi andmebaasist LinuxPrinting.org või vaata Kubuntu Wiki printeri lehte, et saada infot oma printeri kohta + + + + +Võrguprintimine + +Kubuntu saab seadistada edastama prinditööd prindiserverile. Kaugprinterid on ühendatud võrgu kaudu. Kaugprinteri seadistamiseks: + + +Uuri välja oma printeri mudel ning veendu, et printer on sisse lülitatud. + + +Vali Kickoff rakenduste käivitajaSüsteemi seadistused ja vali Printeri seadistused, et avada süsteemidialoog Süsteemi seadistused - Printeri seadistamine. + + +Vali Uus printerUus printeriklass + + +Sissejuhatuse dialoogis vajuta nuppu Järgmine >. + + +Vali dialoogis Taustaprogrammi valimine kaugühenduse tüüp ning vajuta nuppu Edasi >. + + +Vali dialoogis Kasutaja identifitseerimine autentimise tüüp, mis on kasutusel kas kaugprinteris või süsteemis, mis jagab kaugprinterit Vihje: Kui sa pole kindel, siis proovi Anonüümne (kasutajanimi/parool puudub) ning vajuta nuppu Edasi >. Kui see nurjub, siis proovi Külaliskonto (kasutajanimi = "külaline") jne. + + +Vajuta Printeri seadistuste dialoogis nuppu Skaneeri. Kui tekivad autentimisvead, siis vajuta nuppu < Tagasi ning proovi eelnevaid samme erinevate autentimisseadistustega. Kui kõik läheb hästi, siis vali kaugprinter ning vajuta nuppu Edasi >. + + +Pärast seda, kui KDE on draiveriandmebaasi üles ehitanud, ilmub Printeri mudeli valimise dialoog, milles kuvatakse loendid Tootja ja Mudel. Tuvasta oma printer ning tõsta esile vastavad draiverid ning vajuta Edasi >. Juhul, kui sinu printeri kohta teavet ei kuvata, siis palun otsi LinuxPrinting.org andmebaasidest või vaata Kubuntu Wiki printerite lehte, et saada teavet oma printeri kohta. + + +Selle sammu juures on dialoogis kaks võimalikku valikut. Kui draiverid seadistati automaatselt, siis ilmub dialoog Printeri testimine dialoogi. Kui draivereid ei seadistatud automaatselt, siis kuvatakse dialoog Draiveri valimine. + + +Dialoogis Printeri testimise tee testprintimine, kontrollimaks oma printeri töötamist või liigu edasi. Pärast toimingute lõpetamist vajuta nuppu Edasi >. + + +Draiveri valimise dialoogis küsitakse sobiva draiveri valimist. Kui seal on draiver märgisega [soovitatud], siis vali see printer ning vajuta Edasi >. Kui seal ei ole soovitatavat draiverit, siis proovi igat draiverit, kuni leiad õige. + + + + +Tiitli valimise dialoogis saad valida vaikimisi Käivitamise ja Lõpetamise tiitlid. Need on prinditava lehe jaluseks ja päiseks. Kui see on valmis, siis vajuta Edasi >. + + +Printeri kvoodi seadistuste dialoogis saad seadistada kvoodi suuruse, mida soovid printerile lubada. See on maksimaalne failisuurus või maksimaalne lehtede kogus, korraga läbi printeri lubatakse. Kui see on valmis, siis vajuta Edasi >. + + +Kasutaja ligipääsu seadistuste dialoogis saad määrata printerite ligipääsuõiguseid kasutajatele ja gruppidele. Kui see on lõpetatud, vajuta Järgminet >. + + +Dialoogis Üldine teave sisesta printerile vähemalt üks Nimi. Kui valmis saad, siis vajuta Edasi >. + + +Kinnitamine on viimane esitatav dialoogi. Veendu, et teave on õige ja paigalduse lõpetamiseks vajuta Lõpeta. + + + + + + +Samba prindiserver + +Sambat kasutatakse tavaliselt printerijagamise seadistamiseks, see paigaldatakse kohalikku masinasse või üle võrgu Ubuntu serverisse. Sarnaselt Samba failiserverile, näidatakse selles osas, kuidas seadistada Sambat lubama igal kohalikus võrgus oleval kliendil paigaldatud printereid kasutada ilma kasutajanime ja parooli küsimata. + +For a more secure configuration, see Samba-fileprint-security + + + +Paigaldamine + +Enne Samba paigaldamist ja seadistamist peaks olemas olema töötav CUPS paigaldus. Üksikasju vaata wikist. +Samba paketi paigaldamiseks sisesta terminali: + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Seadistamine + +Pärast Samba paigaldamist redigeeri faili /etc/samba/smb.conf. Muuda workgroup (töögrupp) võrgule sobivaks ja security (turvalisus) share (jagamiseks): + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + +Osas [printers] (printerid), muuda guest ok (külaline lubatud) valik yes (jah)-iks: + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + +Pärast faili smb.conf redigeerimist taaskäivita Samba: + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + +Vaikimisi seadistustega Samba jagab automaatselt igat jagatud printerit. Lihtsalt paigalda printerid kohalikult Windowsi klientidele. + + + +Resources + + + +Samba põhjalikke seadistusjuhendeid vaata Samba HOWTO Collection + + +Juhend on saadaval ka trükituna. + + +O'Reilly Using Samba on veel üks hea materjal. + + +Lisateavet CUPSi seadistamise kohta vaata CUPSi veebisaidilt. + + + + + + + +Printeri testimine + + + +Vali Printerid Kickoff rakenduste käivitajaArvutiSüsteemi seadistused. + + +Tee printeril paremklõps ja vali Testi printerit... + + +Dialoogis Hoiatus vajuta nuppu Prindi testleht. + + + + + + +Printeri jagamine + + + +Vali Printerid Kickoff rakenduste käivitajaArvutiSüsteemi seadistused. + + +Vali printer, mida soovid jagada või tõsta see esile. + + +Kui on esile tõstetud, mine PrindiserverJaga printereid kohalikus võrgus. + + +Dialoogis Printerite jagamine kohalikus võrgus vajuta nuppu Luba jagamine. + + +Dialoogis Käivita juurkasutajana - KDE su sisesta oma kasutaja parool ja vajuta nuppu OK. + + + + + + + +Skaneerimine + +Kubuntu toetab mitmeid skännereid. Nägemaks, kas kindel skänner on toetatud, vaadake Skänneri riistvara toetuse wikilehte ja SANE projekti toetatud skännerite loendit. +Kubuntu tuleb rakendusega Kooka, KDE skaneerimine ja OCR. Kookale juurde pääsemisek mine Kickoff rakenduste käivitajaRakendusedGraafikaSkaneerimise & OCR programm. Rohkem teavet Kooka kohta on Kooka kasutusjuhendis. + + +Skänneri paigaldamine ja seadistamine + +Kui skänner on toetatud, siis on järgmine samm selle paigaldamine. Enamik toetatud USB skännereid paigaldatakse automaatselt. Kui sinu skänner ei ole automaatselt paigaldatud, vaata järgnevat paigaldamise juhendit. + +Paigaldamise abi +Palun vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni Kubuntule. + + +Skänneri paigaldamise ja seadistamise lisainformatsioon +Lisateabe saamiseks vaata: + + + + + + + + + + + +Skänneri paigaldamine käsitsi + +Paigalda pakett libsane-extras + + +AltF2, dialoogi sisesta kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf ning vajuta OK nuppu. + + +Leia enda skännerile õige draiver ja kommenteeri see välja, eemaldades/kustutades #. + + +Salvesta ja sulge fail. + + +Kasuta skaneerimise alustamiseks Kookat. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/fr/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/fr/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/fr/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/fr/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,887 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing Printers and Printing in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information about various printing options +that Kubuntu offers and other related tasks. + + + + + + +L'impression + + +Most printers are supported by Kubuntu. System Settings > Printer +Configuration provides the ability to add printers, modify their +settings, monitor printing jobs, suspend or restart printers, and set up printer +sharing. + + + + +Gestionnaire de périphérique HP + + +The HP Device Manager simplifies the configuration +of printers, including HP Multifunction +Devices (MFDs)--printers that also copy and scan. This +application should be used if there is a direct connection from the +computer to the printer via USB, LPT +(parallel port), or network (direct connection or JetDirect). The +HP Device Manager does not work with printers on a +shared network using Samba. If the printer +is configured with Samba, is recommended. + + +To open the HP Device Manager, press +AltF2. In the +Run Command dialog, type printer +toolbox followed by pressing the +OK button or pressing the Enter key. If +this is the first time opening the application, the No Installed HP +Devices Found dialog will appear. Three choices will be presented: +Setup Device..., CUPS Web +Interface, and Close. To +set up the printer, select the Setup Device... button. +When prompted for a password, enter the correct password and then press the +OK button. Select the option that suits the printer +configuration and complete the setup. The HP Device +Manager has the ability to automatically +detect any attached devices, or to scan a network for any compatible devices. + + +For more information on the HP Device Manager, +install the hplip-docs package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications documentation for more information on installing extra +applications. Once the hplip-docs are installed, +they can be accessed by going to +HelpContents... + or browsing to . + + + + + +Imprimante locale + + +A local printer is one that is directly attached to the computer (network +printers are discussed in the following section). To set up a new local +printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application LauncherSystem +Settings and select Printer +Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +AddAdd +Printer/Class... + + + +L'imprimante devrait être repérée automatiquement. Si c'est le cas, cliquez sur Suivant > puis sur Terminer. + + +Pour terminer, entrez une description et l'emplacement de l'imprimante + + + +Some printers may need further set up steps. If the printer was not +automatically detected, try to select the port and printer driver manually. +Search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + + +Imprimante réseau + + +Kubuntu can be configured to send print jobs to a remote print server. Remote +printers are attached through a network. To configure a remote printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem Settings and +select Printer Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +New PrinterNew Printer +Class + + + +Dans la boîte de dialogue Introduction, cliquez le bouton Suivant. + + +Dans la boîte de dialogue Choix du type d'interface, sélectionnez le type de connexion que vous voulez utiliser et cliquez sur le bouton Suivant. + + + +At the User Identification dialog, select the type of +authentication that is used by either the remote printer or the system that is +sharing the remote printer. TIP: if there is a +question, try Anonymous (no login/password) and press +the Next >. If this fails, try with Guest +account (login="guest"). + + + + +At the Printer Settings dialog, press the +Scan button. If there are any authentication errors, +press the < Back button and try the previous step +with a different authentication setting. If all goes well, select the remote +printer and press Next >. + + + + +After KDE builds the driver database, the Printer Model +Selection dialog will appear with a list with +Manufacturer and Model information. +Locate the printer, highlight the corresponding drivers, and press +Next >. If no information pertaining to the printer +is found, please search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + +For this step, there are two possible choices concerning the dialog. If the +drivers were set up automatically, then the Printer Test +dialog will appear. If the drivers weren't automatically setup, then the +Driver Selection dialog will be displayed. + + + + +At the Printer Test dialog, do a testprint to verify the +operation of the printer or move on. When complete, press the Next +> button. + + + + +At the Driver Selection dialog, there will be a prompt to +select an appropriate driver. If there is a [recommended] +driver, select this printer and press Next >. If there +isn't a recommended driver, try each driver to find one that is suitable for +your printer. + + + + + + +At the Banner Selection dialog, select the default +Starting and Ending banners. +When complete, press Next >. + + + + +At the Printer Quota Settings dialog, set the +size of the quota to be enabled for the printer. This is the maximum file size +or maximum number of pages that will be allowed at any one time. When complete, +press Next >. + + + + +At the User Access Settings dialog, access rules can be +set for users or groups. When complete, press Next +>. + + + + +At the General Information dialog, insert at +least one Name for the printer. When complete, press +Next >. + + + + +Confirmation is the final dialog presented. Verify that the +information is correct, and press Finish to complete the +installation. + + + + + + + +Samba Print Server + + +Samba is commonly used to configure printer sharing, installed locally or over +the network, on a Ubuntu server. Similar to Samba-fileserver, this section will show +how to configure Samba to allow any client on the local network to use the +installed printers without prompting for a username and password. + + +For a more secure configuration, see Samba-fileprint-security + + + +Installation + + +Before installing and configuring Samba, it is best to have a working +CUPS installation. See the wiki for +details. + + +To install the samba package, from a terminal +enter: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuration + + +After installing samba, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf. Change +the workgroup attribute to what is appropriate for the +network, and change security to share: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +In the [printers] section, change the guest +ok option to yes: + + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + + +After editing smb.conf, restart Samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +The default Samba configuration will automatically share any printers +installed. Simply install printers locally on the Windows clients. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the Samba HOWTO +Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in printed +format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + +See the CUPS Website for more +information on configuring CUPS. + + + + + + + + +Tester une imprimante + + + + +Select Printers from Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Right click the printer to be test and select +Test Printer... + + + + +At the Warning dialog, press the Print Test +Page button. + + + + + + + +Partager une Imprimante + + + + +Select Printers from Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Highlight or select the printer to be shared. + + + + +Once highlighted, go to Print +ServerShare Printers on Local +Network. + + + +Dans la boîte de dialogue Partager des imprimantes sur le réseau local, cliquez sur le bouton Activer le partage + + + +At the Run as root - KDE su dialog, enter the proper +password and press the OK button. + + + + + + + + +Numérisation + + +Kubuntu offers support for a variety of scanners. To see if a particular +scanner is supported, review the Scanner +Hardware Support wiki page as well as the SANE Projects list of +supported scanners. + + +Kubuntu comes installed with the software application +Kooka, KDE scanning and OCR. To +access Kooka go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScan & OCR Program. More +information on Kooka can be located in The Kooka Manual. + + + +Installation et configuration d'un scanner + + +If the scanner is supported, installation is the next step. Most supported +USB scanners will be installed automatically. If the +scanner is not automatically installed, refer to the following installation +instructions. + + +Aide à l'installation + +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for Kubuntu. + + + +Plus d'informations sur l'installation et la configuration d'un scanner +Pour plus d'informations, voyez : + + + + + + + + + + + +Installation manuelle d'un scanner + +Installez le paquet libsane-extras. + + +AltF2, inscrivez dans la boîte de dialogue kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf et appuyez sur le bouton OK. + + + +Locate the correct driver for the scanner and uncomment it by +removing/deleting the #. + + + +Enregistrez et fermez le fichier. + + + +Use Kooka to start scanning. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/gl/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/gl/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/gl/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/gl/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,888 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing Printers and Printing in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information about various printing options +that Kubuntu offers and other related tasks. + + + + + + +Impresoras + + +Most printers are supported by Kubuntu. System Settings > Printer +Configuration provides the ability to add printers, modify their +settings, monitor printing jobs, suspend or restart printers, and set up printer +sharing. + + + + +Xestor de Dispositivos de HP + + +The HP Device Manager simplifies the configuration +of printers, including HP Multifunction +Devices (MFDs)--printers that also copy and scan. This +application should be used if there is a direct connection from the +computer to the printer via USB, LPT +(parallel port), or network (direct connection or JetDirect). The +HP Device Manager does not work with printers on a +shared network using Samba. If the printer +is configured with Samba, is recommended. + + +To open the HP Device Manager, press +AltF2. In the +Run Command dialog, type printer +toolbox followed by pressing the +OK button or pressing the Enter key. If +this is the first time opening the application, the No Installed HP +Devices Found dialog will appear. Three choices will be presented: +Setup Device..., CUPS Web +Interface, and Close. To +set up the printer, select the Setup Device... button. +When prompted for a password, enter the correct password and then press the +OK button. Select the option that suits the printer +configuration and complete the setup. The HP Device +Manager has the ability to automatically +detect any attached devices, or to scan a network for any compatible devices. + + +For more information on the HP Device Manager, +install the hplip-docs package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications documentation for more information on installing extra +applications. Once the hplip-docs are installed, +they can be accessed by going to +HelpContents... + or browsing to . + + + + + +Impresión local + + +A local printer is one that is directly attached to the computer (network +printers are discussed in the following section). To set up a new local +printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application LauncherSystem +Settings and select Printer +Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +AddAdd +Printer/Class... + + + + +The printer should be detected automatically. If so, click Next +> and then Finish. + + + + +To finish, enter a description and location for the printer. + + + + +Some printers may need further set up steps. If the printer was not +automatically detected, try to select the port and printer driver manually. +Search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + + +Impresora en rede + + +Kubuntu can be configured to send print jobs to a remote print server. Remote +printers are attached through a network. To configure a remote printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem Settings and +select Printer Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +New PrinterNew Printer +Class + + + +No diálogo Introdución, prema o botón Seguinte > + + +No diálogo Selección do Programa de Fondo, escolla o tipo de conexión remota que quere empregar e calqueno botón Seguinte. + + + +At the User Identification dialog, select the type of +authentication that is used by either the remote printer or the system that is +sharing the remote printer. TIP: if there is a +question, try Anonymous (no login/password) and press +the Next >. If this fails, try with Guest +account (login="guest"). + + + + +At the Printer Settings dialog, press the +Scan button. If there are any authentication errors, +press the < Back button and try the previous step +with a different authentication setting. If all goes well, select the remote +printer and press Next >. + + + + +After KDE builds the driver database, the Printer Model +Selection dialog will appear with a list with +Manufacturer and Model information. +Locate the printer, highlight the corresponding drivers, and press +Next >. If no information pertaining to the printer +is found, please search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + +For this step, there are two possible choices concerning the dialog. If the +drivers were set up automatically, then the Printer Test +dialog will appear. If the drivers weren't automatically setup, then the +Driver Selection dialog will be displayed. + + + + +At the Printer Test dialog, do a testprint to verify the +operation of the printer or move on. When complete, press the Next +> button. + + + + +At the Driver Selection dialog, there will be a prompt to +select an appropriate driver. If there is a [recommended] +driver, select this printer and press Next >. If there +isn't a recommended driver, try each driver to find one that is suitable for +your printer. + + + + + + +At the Banner Selection dialog, select the default +Starting and Ending banners. +When complete, press Next >. + + + + +At the Printer Quota Settings dialog, set the +size of the quota to be enabled for the printer. This is the maximum file size +or maximum number of pages that will be allowed at any one time. When complete, +press Next >. + + + + +At the User Access Settings dialog, access rules can be +set for users or groups. When complete, press Next +>. + + + + +At the General Information dialog, insert at +least one Name for the printer. When complete, press +Next >. + + + + +Confirmation is the final dialog presented. Verify that the +information is correct, and press Finish to complete the +installation. + + + + + + + +Samba Print Server + + +Samba is commonly used to configure printer sharing, installed locally or over +the network, on a Ubuntu server. Similar to Samba-fileserver, this section will show +how to configure Samba to allow any client on the local network to use the +installed printers without prompting for a username and password. + + +For a more secure configuration, see Samba-fileprint-security + + + +Installation + + +Before installing and configuring Samba, it is best to have a working +CUPS installation. See the wiki for +details. + + +To install the samba package, from a terminal +enter: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuration + + +After installing samba, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf. Change +the workgroup attribute to what is appropriate for the +network, and change security to share: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +In the [printers] section, change the guest +ok option to yes: + + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + + +After editing smb.conf, restart Samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +The default Samba configuration will automatically share any printers +installed. Simply install printers locally on the Windows clients. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the Samba HOWTO +Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in printed +format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + +See the CUPS Website for more +information on configuring CUPS. + + + + + + + + +Probar unha impresora + + + +Seleccione Impresoras no Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffComputadorConfiguración do sistema. + + + +Right click the printer to be test and select +Test Printer... + + + + +At the Warning dialog, press the Print Test +Page button. + + + + + + + +Compartir unha impresora + + + +Seleccione Impresoras no Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffComputadorConfiguración do sistema. + + + +Highlight or select the printer to be shared. + + + + +Once highlighted, go to Print +ServerShare Printers on Local +Network. + + + +No diálogo Compartir Impresoras na Rede Local, prema no botón Activar Compartir. + + + +At the Run as root - KDE su dialog, enter the proper +password and press the OK button. + + + + + + + + +Escaneando + + +Kubuntu offers support for a variety of scanners. To see if a particular +scanner is supported, review the Scanner +Hardware Support wiki page as well as the SANE Projects list of +supported scanners. + + +Kubuntu comes installed with the software application +Kooka, KDE scanning and OCR. To +access Kooka go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScan & OCR Program. More +information on Kooka can be located in The Kooka Manual. + + + +Instalación e configuración dun escáner + + +If the scanner is supported, installation is the next step. Most supported +USB scanners will be installed automatically. If the +scanner is not automatically installed, refer to the following installation +instructions. + + +Axuda para a instalación + +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for Kubuntu. + + + +Información adicional sobre a instalación e configuración de escáneres +Para máis información consulte o seguinte: + + + + + + + + + + + +Instalación manual do escáner + +Instale o paquete libsane-extras. + + +AltF2, escriba no cadro de diálogo kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf e prema o botón Aceptar. + + + +Locate the correct driver for the scanner and uncomment it by +removing/deleting the #. + + + +Garde e peche o ficheiro. + + + +Use Kooka to start scanning. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/it/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/it/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/it/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/it/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,672 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gestire le stampanti e la stampa in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento fornisce informazioni sulle varie opzioni di stampa che offre Kubuntu, e sulle altre attività collegate. + +https://launchpad.net/people/ubuntu-l10n-it Luca Padrin <luca@mandarinlogiq.org>, 2006. Dario Cavedon <dcavedon@gmail.com>, 2006.Ubuntu Italian Translators + + + +Stampare + +Kubuntu supporta la maggior parte delle stampanti. La Configurazione delle stampanti in Impostazioni di sistema fornisce la capacità di aggiungere stampanti, modificarne le impostazioni, monitorare i lavori di stampa, sospendere e riavviare una stampante o impostarne la condivisione. + + + +Gestore di dispositivi HP + +L'HP Device Manager ('Gestore di dispositivi HP'. NdT: questa applicazione non è stata attualmente ancora tradotta dal gruppo HPLIP, dunque i comandi saranno indicati in Inglese) semplifica la configurazione delle stampanti, incluse le stampanti multifunzione HP (MFD), che possono anche copiare ed eseguire scansioni. Questa applicazione deve essere usata se esiste un collegamento diretto dal computer alla stampante tramite porta USB, LPT (porta parallela), o una rete (connessione diretta o JetDirect). L'HP Device Manager non funziona con stampanti su una rete condivisa gestita da Samba. Se la stampante è configurata con Samba, consultate . +Per aprire HP Device Manager, premete AltF2. Nella finestra di immissione comando, digitate printer +toolbox, poi premete il pulsante OK o il tasto Invio. Se questa è la prima volta che aprite l'applicazione, apparirà la finestra di dialogo No Installed HP Devices Found. Qui vi sono tre possibilità di scelta: Setup Device..., CUPS Web Interface e Close. Per impostare la stampante, selezionate il pulsante Setup Device.... Quando viene richiesta una password, digitate la password corretta e premete il pulsante OK. Selezionate l'opzione che si adatta alle caratteristiche della stampante e completate la configurazione. HP Device Manager ha la capacità di rilevare automaticamente qualsiasi dispositivo collegato o di ricercare in una rete i dispositivi compatibili. +Per ulteriori informazioni su HP Device Manager, installate il pacchetto hplip-docs. Fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per ulteriori informazioni sull'installazione di applicazioni aggiuntive. Dopo aver installato hplip-docs, i documenti sono consultabili da HelpContents... o dalla directory . + + + + +Stampante locale + +Una stampante locale è una stampante collegata direttamente al computer (le stampanti di rete sono trattate nella sezione seguente). Per impostare una nuova stampante locale: + + +Determinate il nome del modello della stampante e assicuratevi che la stampante sia accesa. + + +Scegliete Lancia applicazioni KickoffImpostazioni di sistema e selezionate Configurazione delle stampanti per aprire la finestra di dialogo Configurazione delle stampanti - Impostazioni di sistema. + + +Scegliete AggiungiAggiungi stampante/classe... + + +La stampante dovrebbe essere riconosciuta automaticamente. Se questo è il caso, fate clic su Successivo >, poi sul pulsante Fine. + + +Per completare, inserite una descrizione e la posizione della stampante. + + +Alcune stampanti potrebbero aver bisogno di ulteriore configurazione. Se la stampante non viene automaticamente riconosciuta, provate a selezionare manualmente la porta e il driver della stampante. Cercate i database in LinuxPrinting.org o verificate la pagina delle stampanti del wiki di Ubuntu per possibili informazioni. + + + + +Stampante di rete + +Kubuntu può essere configurato per inviare i lavori di stampa a un server di stampa remoto. Le stampanti remote sono collegate tramite una rete. Per configurare una stampante remota: + + +Determinate il nome del modello della stampante e assicuratevi che la stampante sia accesa. + + +Scegliete Lancia applicazioni KickoffImpostazioni di sistema e selezionate Configurazione delle stampanti per aprire la finestra di dialogo Configurazione delle stampanti - Impostazioni di sistema. + + +Scegliete Nuova stampanteNuova stampante di classe + + +Nella schermata Introduzione premere il pulsante Successivo >. + + +Nella schermata Selezione backend, selezionare il tipo di collegamento remoto che si desidera usare, poi premere il pulsante Successivo >. + + +Nella finestra Identificazione utente, selezionate il tipo di autenticazione usata o dalla stampante remota o dal sistema che sta la condividendo. SUGGERIMENTO: se siete in dubbio, provate Anonimo (nessun nome/password) e premete Successivo >. Se non funziona, provate con Account ospite (login="guest"). + + +Nella finestra Impostazioni stampante, premete il pulsante Ricerca. Se si presentano degli errori di autenticazione, premete il pulsante < Indietro e riprovate il passaggio con un'impostazione di autenticazione differente. Se tutto procede bene, selezionate la stampante remota e premete Successivo >. + + +Dopo che KDE costruisce il database del driver, apparirà la finestra di dialogo Selezione modello stampante con un elenco informativo di Produttori e Modelli. Individuate la stampante, evidenziate i driver corrispondenti e premete Successivo >. Se non esistono informazioni sulla stampante, ricercate nei database di LinuxPrinting.org o verificate la pagina delle stampanti del wiki di Kubuntu per possibili informazioni. + + +Per questo passaggio esistono due possibili scelte relative alla finestra. Se i driver sono configurati automaticamente, apparirà la finestra di dialogo Prova stampante. Se i driver non sono stati impostati automaticamente, apparirà invece la finestra di dialogo Selezione driver. + + +Nella finestra Prova stampante, eseguite una prova di stampa per verificare l'operatività della stampante, oppure proseguite. Una volta completata premete il pulsante Successivo >. + + +Nella finestra Selezione driver, vi sarà chiesto di scegliere il driver appropriato. Se esiste un driver [raccomandato], selezionate questa stampante e premete Successivo >. Se non esiste un driver raccomandato, provate tutti i driver fino a che ne trovate uno adatto alla vostra stampante. + + + + +Nella finestra di dialogo Selezione striscione, selezionate gli striscioni predefiniti iniziale e finale. Dopo aver completato, premete Successivo >. + + +Nella finestra di dialogo Impostazioni quote di stampa, impostate la dimensione della quota da abilitare per la stampante. Questa è la dimensione massima del file o il numero massimo di pagine permesse alla volta. Una volta completato, premete Successivo >. + + +Nella finestra di dialogo Impostazioni accesso utenti, possono essere impostate le regole di accesso alla stampante per gli utenti e i gruppi. Una volta completato, premete Successivo >. + + +Nella finestra di dialogo Informazioni generali, inserite almeno un Nome per la stampante. Una volta completato, premete Successivo >. + + +Conferma è l'ultima finestra di dialogo che appare. Verificate che l'informazione sia corretta e premete Fine per completare l'installazione. + + + + + + +Server di stampa Samba + +Samba è usato comunemente per configurare la condivisione di stampanti, installate localmente o su una rete, in un server Ubuntu. In modo analogo a Samba: server di file, questa sezione mostra come configurare Samba per permettere a un client della rete locale l'uso delle stampanti installate senza dover inserire un nome utente e la password. +Per una configurazione più sicura, consultate Samba: sicurezza nella stampa + + +Installazione + +Prima di installare e configurare Samba, è meglio possedere una installazione CUPS funzionante. Per dettagli, consultate il wiki. +Per installare il pacchetto samba, da un terminale digitare: + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configurazione + +Dopo aver installato Samba, modificate /etc/samba/smb.conf. Cambiate l'attributo del gruppo di lavoro workgroup in quello appropriato per la rete, e modificate security in share: + +workgroup = ESEMPIO +... +security = utente + +Nella sezione [printers], modificate l'opzione guest ok in yes: + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + +Dopo aver modificato smb.conf, riavviate Samba: + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + +La configurazione predefinita di Samba condividerà automaticamente qualsiasi stampante installata. Sui client Windows basta installare le stampanti localmente. + + + +Risorse + + + +Per delle configurazioni più dettagliate riguardo Samba, consultare Samba HOWTO Collection + + +La guida è disponibile anche in formato cartaceo. + + +Il libro Using Samba di O'Reilly è un'altra buona lettura. + + +Per ulteriori informazioni sulla configurazione di CUPS, consultate il sito web di CUPS. + + + + + + + +Provare una stampante + + + +Selezionare Stampanti da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. + + +Fate clic col tasto destro del mouse sulla stampante da controllare e selezionate Prova stampante... + + +Nella finestra di avvertimento, premete il pulsante Stampa pagina di prova. + + + + + + +Condividere una stampante + + + +Selezionare Stampanti da Lancia applicazioni KickoffComputerImpostazioni di sistema. + + +Evidenziate o selezionate la stampante da condividere. + + +Una volta evidenziata, andate in Server di stampaCondividi stampanti sulla rete locale. + + +Nella finestra Condividi stampante nella rete locale, premere il pulsante Abilita condivisione. + + +Nella finestra Esegui come root - KDE su, digitate la password corretta e premete il pulsante OK. + + + + + + + +Scanner + +Kubuntu supporta molti scanner. Per verificare se uno specifico scanner è supportata, consultate la pagina wiki Supporto hardware per gli scanner, così come l'elenco dei progetti SANE degli scanner supportati. +Kubuntu è corredato con l'applicazione software Kooka, il programma di scansione e OCR di KDE. Per accedere Kooka andate a Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniGraficaProgramma di scansione e OCR. Potete trovare ulteriori informazioni su Kooka nel Manuale di Kooka. + + +Installazione e configurazione di scanner + +Se lo scanner è supportato, l'installazione è il passaggio successivo. La maggior parte degli scanner USB vengono installati automaticamente. Se lo scanner non è installato automaticamente, fate riferimento alle seguenti istruzioni per l'installazione. + +Guida all'installazione +Fate riferimento alla documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni di Kubuntu. + + +Informazioni aggiuntive sull'installazone e configurazione di scanner +Per ulteriori informazioni consultare: + + + + + + + + + + + +Installazione manuale di uno scanner + +Installare il pacchetto libsane-extras. + + +AltF2, nella finestra digitare kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf e premere il pulsante OK. + + +Individuate il driver corretto e rimuovete il commento il simbolo #. + + +Salvare e chiudere il file. + + +Utilizzate Kooka per avviare la scansione. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/ja/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/ja/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/ja/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/ja/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,896 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing Printers and Printing in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information about various printing options +that Kubuntu offers and other related tasks. + + + + + + +プリンタ + + +Most printers are supported by Kubuntu. System Settings > Printer +Configuration provides the ability to add printers, modify their +settings, monitor printing jobs, suspend or restart printers, and set up printer +sharing. + + + + +HPデバイスマネージャ + + +The HP Device Manager simplifies the configuration +of printers, including HP Multifunction +Devices (MFDs)--printers that also copy and scan. This +application should be used if there is a direct connection from the +computer to the printer via USB, LPT +(parallel port), or network (direct connection or JetDirect). The +HP Device Manager does not work with printers on a +shared network using Samba. If the printer +is configured with Samba, is recommended. + + +To open the HP Device Manager, press +AltF2. In the +Run Command dialog, type printer +toolbox followed by pressing the +OK button or pressing the Enter key. If +this is the first time opening the application, the No Installed HP +Devices Found dialog will appear. Three choices will be presented: +Setup Device..., CUPS Web +Interface, and Close. To +set up the printer, select the Setup Device... button. +When prompted for a password, enter the correct password and then press the +OK button. Select the option that suits the printer +configuration and complete the setup. The HP Device +Manager has the ability to automatically +detect any attached devices, or to scan a network for any compatible devices. + + +For more information on the HP Device Manager, +install the hplip-docs package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications documentation for more information on installing extra +applications. Once the hplip-docs are installed, +they can be accessed by going to +HelpContents... + or browsing to . + + + + + +ローカル印刷 + + +A local printer is one that is directly attached to the computer (network +printers are discussed in the following section). To set up a new local +printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application LauncherSystem +Settings and select Printer +Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +AddAdd +Printer/Class... + + + + +The printer should be detected automatically. If so, click Next +> and then Finish. + + + + +To finish, enter a description and location for the printer. + + + + +Some printers may need further set up steps. If the printer was not +automatically detected, try to select the port and printer driver manually. +Search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + + +ネットワーク印刷 + + +Kubuntu can be configured to send print jobs to a remote print server. Remote +printers are attached through a network. To configure a remote printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem Settings and +select Printer Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +New PrinterNew Printer +Class + + + +導入 ダイアログで、次へ > ボタンを押してください。 + + +バックエンドセクション ダイアログでは、利用したいリモート接続の種類を選択し、次へ > ボタンを押してください。 + + + +At the User Identification dialog, select the type of +authentication that is used by either the remote printer or the system that is +sharing the remote printer. TIP: if there is a +question, try Anonymous (no login/password) and press +the Next >. If this fails, try with Guest +account (login="guest"). + + + + +At the Printer Settings dialog, press the +Scan button. If there are any authentication errors, +press the < Back button and try the previous step +with a different authentication setting. If all goes well, select the remote +printer and press Next >. + + + + +After KDE builds the driver database, the Printer Model +Selection dialog will appear with a list with +Manufacturer and Model information. +Locate the printer, highlight the corresponding drivers, and press +Next >. If no information pertaining to the printer +is found, please search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + +For this step, there are two possible choices concerning the dialog. If the +drivers were set up automatically, then the Printer Test +dialog will appear. If the drivers weren't automatically setup, then the +Driver Selection dialog will be displayed. + + + + +At the Printer Test dialog, do a testprint to verify the +operation of the printer or move on. When complete, press the Next +> button. + + + + +At the Driver Selection dialog, there will be a prompt to +select an appropriate driver. If there is a [recommended] +driver, select this printer and press Next >. If there +isn't a recommended driver, try each driver to find one that is suitable for +your printer. + + + + + + +At the Banner Selection dialog, select the default +Starting and Ending banners. +When complete, press Next >. + + + + +At the Printer Quota Settings dialog, set the +size of the quota to be enabled for the printer. This is the maximum file size +or maximum number of pages that will be allowed at any one time. When complete, +press Next >. + + + + +At the User Access Settings dialog, access rules can be +set for users or groups. When complete, press Next +>. + + + + +At the General Information dialog, insert at +least one Name for the printer. When complete, press +Next >. + + + + +Confirmation is the final dialog presented. Verify that the +information is correct, and press Finish to complete the +installation. + + + + + + + +Samba Print Server + + +Samba is commonly used to configure printer sharing, installed locally or over +the network, on a Ubuntu server. Similar to Samba-fileserver, this section will show +how to configure Samba to allow any client on the local network to use the +installed printers without prompting for a username and password. + + +For a more secure configuration, see Samba-fileprint-security + + + +Installation + + +Before installing and configuring Samba, it is best to have a working +CUPS installation. See the wiki for +details. + + +To install the samba package, from a terminal +enter: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuration + + +After installing samba, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf. Change +the workgroup attribute to what is appropriate for the +network, and change security to share: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +In the [printers] section, change the guest +ok option to yes: + + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + + +After editing smb.conf, restart Samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +The default Samba configuration will automatically share any printers +installed. Simply install printers locally on the Windows clients. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the Samba HOWTO +Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in printed +format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + +See the CUPS Website for more +information on configuring CUPS. + + + + + + + + +プリンタのテスト + + + + +Select Printers from Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Right click the printer to be test and select +Test Printer... + + + + +At the Warning dialog, press the Print Test +Page button. + + + + + + + +プリンタの共有 + + + + +Select Printers from Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Highlight or select the printer to be shared. + + + + +Once highlighted, go to Print +ServerShare Printers on Local +Network. + + + +プリンタの共有とローカルネットワーク ダイアログでは、共有を有効 ボタンを押してください。 + + + +At the Run as root - KDE su dialog, enter the proper +password and press the OK button. + + + + + + + + +スキャナ + + +Kubuntu offers support for a variety of scanners. To see if a particular +scanner is supported, review the Scanner +Hardware Support wiki page as well as the SANE Projects list of +supported scanners. + + +Kubuntu comes installed with the software application +Kooka, KDE scanning and OCR. To +access Kooka go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScan & OCR Program. More +information on Kooka can be located in The Kooka Manual. + + + +スキャナのインストールと設定 + + +If the scanner is supported, installation is the next step. Most supported +USB scanners will be installed automatically. If the +scanner is not automatically installed, refer to the following installation +instructions. + + +インストールのヘルプ + +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for Kubuntu. + + + +スキャナのインストールと設定の詳細情報 +詳細な情報は以下を参照してください: + + + + + + + + + + + +スキャナの手動インストール + +libsane-extras パッケージのインストール + + + +AltF2, at the dialog +type kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf and press the +OK button. + + + + +Locate the correct driver for the scanner and uncomment it by +removing/deleting the #. + + + +ファイルを保存して閉じる + + + +Use Kooka to start scanning. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/km/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/km/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/km/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/km/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,672 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រងម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព និង​ការបោះ​ពុម្ព​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ជម្រើស​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ផ្សេង​ៗ ដែល​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ​ ព្រម​ទាំង​ភារកិច្ច​ដែល​ទាក់​ទង​គ្នា​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ + + + + + +ការបោះពុម្ព + +ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ភាគ​ច្រើន​ត្រូវ​បាន​គាំ​ទ្រ​ដោយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ > ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​នឹង​ផ្តល់​នូវសមត្ថភាព​ក្នុង​ការបន្ថែម​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព កែប្រែ​ការកំណត់​របស់​ពួក​វា ត្រួត​ពិនិត្យ​ការងារ​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ផ្អាក ឬ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ឡើង​វិញ​ និង​រៀប​ចំ​ការចែក​រំលែក​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + + + +កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឧបករណ៍ HP + +កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឧបករណ៍​ HP ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ កាន់​តែ​សាមញ្ញ​ឡើង រួម​ទាំង​ឧបករណ៍​ពហុ​មុខងារ HP (MFDs)--ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ដែល​នឹង​ចម្លង​ និង​វិភាគ​រក​​​ផង​ដែរ ។ គួរ​តែ​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​នេះ​ បើ​សិន​ជា​មាន​ការតភ្ជាប់​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​ពី​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ទៅ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ពតាម​រយៈ​ USB, LPT (ច្រក​ប៉ារ៉ាឡែល​) ឬ​បណ្តាញ​ (ការតភ្ជាប់​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​ ឬ​ JetDirect) ។ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រងឧបករណ៍​​ HP មិន​ដំណើរ​ការ​ជា​មួយ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ចែក​រំលែក​ដោយ​ប្រើ​ Sambaទេ ។ បើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ជា​មួយ​ Samba នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍ ។ +ដើម្បី​បើក​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឧបករណ៍ HP ចុច​ ជំនួស (Alt)F2 ។ ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​ រត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ +ប្រអប់​ឧបករណ៍​ បន្ទាប់​មក​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម​ ឬ​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ បញ្ចូល (Enter) ។ បើ​នេះ​ជា​លើក​ដំបូង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​បើក​កម្មវិធី​ ប្រអប់​ រក​មិន​ឃើញ​ឧបករណ៍​ HP ដែល​បាន​ដំឡើង​ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ នឹង​មាន​ជម្រើស​បី​នៅ​ទីនេះ ៖ ឧបករណ៍​រៀប​ចំ... ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​បណ្តាញ​ CUPS និង​ បិទ​ ។ ដើម្បី​រៀប​ចំ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ជ្រើសប៊ូតុង​​ ឧបករណ៍​រៀប​ចំ​... ។ ពេល​សួរ​រក​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ បន្ទាប់​មក​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម ។ ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​ដែល​សាក​សម​នឹង​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព និង​បញ្ចប់​ការរៀប​ចំ ។ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឧបករណ៍ HP មាន​សមត្ថភាព​នៅ​ក្នុងការ​​រក​ឃើញ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​នូវ​ឧបករណ៍​ដែល​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ណាមួយ ឬ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការវិភាគ​រក​បណ្តាញសម្រាប់​ឧបករណ៍ដែល​ឆប​គ្នា ។ +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រងឧបករណ៍ HP ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ hplip-docs ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​បន្ថែម សូម​យោង​​ទៅ​កាន់ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ ។ ពេល​ដំឡើង​ hplip-docs ហើយ អាច​នឹង​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ពួក​វាបាន ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ជំនួយ​មាតិកា... ឬ​រុក​រក​ទៅ​កាន់​ ។ + + + + +ការ​បោះ​ពុម្ព​មូលដ្ឋាន + +ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​មូលដ្ឋាន​ គឺ​ជា​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ដែល​តភ្ជាប់​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ (ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​តាម​បណ្តាញ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​លើក​យក​មក​ពិភាក្សា​នៅ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ) ។ ដើម្បី​រៀប​ចំ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​មូលដ្ឋាន​ថ្មី ៖ + + +កំណត់​នូវ​ឈ្មោះ​ម៉ូដែល​របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព និង​ប្រាកដ​ថា​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​បើក​ភ្លើង ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ រួច​ជ្រើស​ ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ដើម្បី​បើក​ប្រអប់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ system-settings-config-printers ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ ​បន្ថែម​​បន្ថែម​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​/ថ្នាក់​... + + +ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​រក​ឃើញ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ ។ បើ​អញ្ចឹង​មែន ចុច​លើ​ បន្ទាប់​ > រួច​ចុច​លើ​ បញ្ចប់​ ។ + + +ដើម្បី​បញ្ចប់ បញ្ចូល​សេចក្តីពិពណ៌នា​ និង​ទីតាំង​សម្រាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + + +ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ខ្លះ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ការ​ជំហាន​រៀប​ចំ​បន្ថែម ។ បើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​រក​ឃើញ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ទេ​ សាក​ល្បង​​ជ្រើសច្រក និង​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ដោយ​ដៃ​វិញ ។ ស្វែង​រក​មូលដ្ឋាន​ទិន្នន័យ​តាម​រយៈ LinuxPrinting.org ឬ​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ ទំព័រ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​របស់ Kubuntu Wiki សម្រាប់​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​អាច​មាន​នៅ​លើម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + + + + +ការ​បោះ​ពុម្ព​តាម​បណ្តាញ + +គូប៊ុនទូ អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការងារ​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ដែល​បាន​ផ្ញើ​ទៅ​កាន់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ការបោះ​ពុម្ព​ពី​ចម្ងាយ ។ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ពី​ចម្ងាយ​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេភ្ជាប់​តាម​រយៈ​បណ្តាញ​ ។ ដើម្បី​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ពី​ចម្ងាយ ៖ + + +កំណត់​នូវ​ឈ្មោះ​ម៉ូដែល​របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព និង​ប្រាកដ​ថា​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​បើក​ភ្លើង ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ រួច​ជ្រើស​ ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ដើម្បី​បើក​ប្រអប់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ system-settings-config-printers ។ + + +ជ្រើស​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ថ្មី​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ថ្មី ថ្នាក់​ + + +នៅ​​ប្រអប់​ សេចក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ជ្រើស​កម្មវិធី​ខាង​ក្រោយ​ ជ្រើស​ប្រភេទ​តភ្ជាប់​ពី​ចម្ងាយ​ ដែល​អ្នក​ចង់​ប្រើ រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ បញ្ជាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ជ្រើស​ប្រភេទ​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ដែល​ប្រើ​ដោយ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ពី​ចម្ងាយ ឬ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ដែល​កំពុង​តែ​ចែក​រំលែក​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ពី​ចម្ងាយ ។ ជំនួយ​ ៖ បើ​សិន​ជា​មាន​សំណួរ​ សាក​ល្បង​​​ប្រើ​ អនាមិក​ (គ្មាន​ការ​ចូល​/ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​) រួច​ចុច​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ បើ​សិន​បរាជ័យ ព្យាយាម​ប្រើ​ គណនី​ភ្ញៀវ (login="guest") ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ការកំណត់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ វិភាគ​រក​ ។ បើ​មាន​កំហុស​ក្នុង​ការ​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ < ខ្មៅ​ និង​សាក​ល្បង​ជំហាន​មុន​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ការកំណត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា ។ បើ​ការកំណត់​ទាំង​នេះ​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ស្រួល​ ជ្រើស​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ពី​ចម្ងាយ រួច​ចុច​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​ KDE បង្កើត​​មូលដ្ឋាន​ទិន្នន័យ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ហើយ​ ប្រអប់​ជម្រើស​ម៉ូដែល​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង​​ជាមួយ​នឹង​បញ្ជី​ ដោយ​មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ ក្រុមហ៊ុន​ផលិត​ និង​ ម៉ូដែល ។ កំណត់​ទី​តាំង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព បន្លិច​​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​ត្រូវ​គ្នា​ រួច​ចុច​ ​បន្ទាប់​ > ។ បើ​រក​មិន​ឃើញ​ព័ត៌មានដែល​​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ទេI សូម​ស្វែង​រក​មូលដ្ឋាន​ទិន្នន័យ​តាម​រយៈ LinuxPrinting.org ឬ​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ ទំព័រ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​របស់ Kubuntu Wiki សម្រាប់​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​អាច​មាន​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + + +សម្រាប់​ជំហាន​នេះ អាច​មាន​ជម្រើស​ពីរ​យ៉ាង​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ប្រអប់ ។ បើ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀប​ចំ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ ពេល​នោះ​ប្រអប់​ សាក​ល្បង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ បើ​សិន​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀប​ចំ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ទេ ប្រអប់​ ជម្រើស​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ នឹង​ត្រូវ​បង្ហាញ ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ សាក​ល្បង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ​ធ្វើ​ការបោះ​ពុម្ព​សាក​ល្បង​ ដើម្បី​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ឬ​ដើម្បីបន្ត ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ > ​។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ជម្រើស​​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ នឹង​មាន​ប្រអប់​បង្ហាញ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ជ្រើស​រើស​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​សម​ស្រប ។ បើ​មាន​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា [recommended] ជ្រើស​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​នេះ រួច​ចុច​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ បើ​គ្មាន​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍​ទេ សាក​ល្បង​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​នីមួយ​ៗ ដើម្បី​រក​ឲ្យ​ឃើញ​នូវ​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​ដែល​សម​ស្រប​សម្រាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​របស់​អ្នក​ ។ + + + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ជម្រើស​បដា ជ្រើស​បដា ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ និង​ បញ្ចប់​ ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់ ចុច​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ការកំណត់កូតា​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ កំណត់​ទំហំ​កូតា​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវអនុញ្ញាត​សម្រាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ។ នេះ​ជា​ទំហំ​ឯកសារ​អតិបរមា ឬ​ជា​ចំនួន​ទំព័រ​អតិបរមា​ ដែល​នឹង​​ត្រូវ​អនុញ្ញាត​នៅ​ពេល​ណា​មួយ​ ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ កំណត់​ការចូល​ដំណើរ​ការរបស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ក្បួន​ចូល​ដំណើរការអាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​សម្រាប់​អ្នក​ប្រើ ឬ​ក្រុម ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ ចុច​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ព័ត៌មាន​ទូទៅ ​បញ្ចូល​ ឈ្មោះ​ យ៉ាង​ហោច​ណាស់មួយ​ សម្រាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់ ចុច​ បន្ទាប់​ > ។ + + +ការ​បញ្ជាក់​ ជា​ប្រអប់​ចុង​ក្រោយ​ដែល​បាន​បង្ហាញ ។ ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ថា ព័ត៌មាន​គឺ​​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ រួច​ចុច​ បញ្ចប់​ ដើម្បី​បញ្ចប់​ការដំឡើង ។ + + + + + + +ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​បោះ​ពុម្ព Samba + +Samba ​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ជា​ទូទៅ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការកំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ក្នុង​មូលដ្ឋាន ឬ​តាមបណ្តាញនៅ​លើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ។ ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​ Samba-fileserver ដែរ ផ្នែក​នេះ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​អំពី​របៀប​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ភ្ញៀវ​ណា​មួយ​ ​ដែល​ស្ថិត​នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​មូលដ្ឋានអាច​​ប្រើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ដែល​បាន​ដំឡើង ដោយ​គ្មាន​ការ​ស្នើសុំ​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ +ចំពោះ​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ដែល​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​ សូម​មើល​ Samba-fileprint-security + + +ការដំឡើង + +មុន​នឹង​ដំឡើង​ និង​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba យក​ល្អ​គួរ​តែ​ដំឡើង​ CUPS ដែល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត សូម​មើល​ វីគី ។ +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ samba ពី​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ដំឡើង​ samba កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/samba/smb.conf ។ ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​គុណលក្ខណៈ​ ក្រុម​ការងារ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​សម​ស្រប​នឹង​បណ្តាញ និង​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ សុវត្ថិភាព​ ដើម្បី​ ចែក​រំលែក​ ៖ + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + +នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ [printers] ប្តូរ​ជម្រើស​ guest ok ទៅ​ជា​ yes ៖ + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​កែ​សម្រួល​ smb.conf ហើយ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Samba ឡើង​វិញ ៖ + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + +ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba លំនាំ​ដើម​នឹង​ចែក​រំលែក​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​នូវ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ដែល​បាន​ដំឡើង​ណា​មួយ ។ ដំឡើង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ក្នុង​មូលដ្ឋាន​តាម​ធម្មតា​នៅ​លើ​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ ។ + + + +ធន​ធាន + + + +ចំពោះ​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ដែល​ស៊ីជម្រៅ​ សូម​មើល​ Samba HOWTO Collection + + +មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែលបាន​​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +O'Reilly's ការប្រើ​ Samba ​ក៏​ជា​សេចក្តី​យោង​ដ៏​ប្រសើរ​មួយ​ទៀត​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ CUPS សូម​មើល​ តំបន់​បណ្តាញ CUPS ។ + + + + + + + +ការសាក​ល្បង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព + + + +ជ្រើស​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ពី​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + + +ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ​ លើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ដែល​ត្រូវ​សាក​ល្បង រួច​ជ្រើស​ សាក​ល្បង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​... + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ព្រមាន​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បោះ​ពុម្ព​ទំព័រ​សាក​ល្បង ។ + + + + + + +ការចែក​រំលែក​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព + + + +ជ្រើស​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ពី​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកុំព្យូទ័រការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ ។ + + +បន្លិច​ ឬ​ជ្រើស​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ចែក​រំលែក ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​បន្លិច​ ទៅ​កាន់​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ការបោះ​ពុម្ព​ចែក​រំលែក​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​មូលដ្ឋាន ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ ចែក​រំលែក​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​មូលដ្ឋាន ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បើក​ការចែក​រំលែក​ ។ + + +នៅ​ប្រអប់​ រត់​ជា​ root - KDE su វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម ។ + + + + + + + +ការវិភាគ​រក + +គូប៊ុនទូ​ ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការគាំ​ទ្រ​សម្រាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន​នានា ។ ដើម្បី​ដឹង​ថា តើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន​ជាក់​លាក់​ត្រូវ​បាន​គាំ​ទ្រ​ឬ​អត់​ សូម​មើល​ទំព័រ​វីគី​ ការគាំទ្រ​ផ្នែក​រឹង​របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន ​ព្រម​ទាំង​ បញ្ជី​គម្រោង​ SANE របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីនស្កេន​ដែល​បាន​គាំទ្រ ។ +Kubuntu ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី Kooka​ ជា​កម្មវិធី​ស្កេន KDE និង​ OCR ។ ដើម្បី​ចូល​ដំណើរការ​ Kooka ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីក្រាហ្វិក​ស្កេន​ & កម្មវិធី OCR ។ ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី Kooka ​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ សៀវភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ Kooka ។ + + +ការដំឡើង និង​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន + +បើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន​ត្រូវ​បាន​គាំ​ទ្រ នឹង​ចូល​ទៅ​ជំហាន​បន្ទាប់​ក្នុង​ការដំឡើង ។ ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន USB ដែល​បាន​គាំ​ទ្រ​ភាគ​ច្រើន​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ ។ បើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ទេ សូម​យោង​ទៅកាន់​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​អំពី​ការដំឡើង ។ + +ជំនួយ​ក្នុង​ការ​ដំឡើង +សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការដំឡើង និង​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ សូម​មើល​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + + + + + + + + + + +ការដំឡើង​សៀវភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីនស្កេន + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ libsane-extras ។ + + +ជំនួស (Alt)F2 នៅ​ត្រង់​ប្រអប់ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម ។ + + +កំណត់​ទីតាំង​កម្មវិធី​បញ្ជា​​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ សម្រាប់ម៉ាស៊ីន​ស្កេន និង​មិន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​វាដោយ​យក​ចេញ​/លុប​នូវ # ។ + + +រក្សា​ទុក និង​បិទ​ឯកសារ ។ + + +ប្រើ​ Kooka ដើម្បី​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ការ​ស្កេន ។ + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/pt_BR/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/pt_BR/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/pt_BR/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/pt_BR/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,672 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Gerenciando impressoras e imprimindo no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento contém informações sobre várias opções de impressão que o Kubuntu oferece, além de outras tarefas relacionadas. + + + + + +Impressoras + +A maioria das impressoras é suportada pelo Kubuntu. Preferências do sistema > Configuração da impressora provê a capacidade de adicionar impressoras, modificar suas preferências, monitorar as tarefas de impressão, suspender ou reiniciar impressoras, e configurar o compartilhamento de impressora. + + + +Gerenciador de Dispositivos HP + +O Gerenciador de Dispositivo HP simplifica a configuração de impressoras, incluindo Dispositivos Multifuncionais HP (MFDs)--impressoras que copiam e escaneiam. Esta aplicação deve ser usada se houver uma conexão direta com o computador e a impressora via USB, LPT (porta paralela), ou por rede (conexão direta ou JetDirect). O Gerenciador de Dispositivos HP não funciona com impressoras compartilhadas que utilizam o Samba. Se a impressora estiver configurada com o Samba, é recomendado usar . +Para abrir o Gerenciador de Dispositivo HP, pressione AltF2. Na caixa de diálogo Executar Comando, digite printer +toolbox em seguida clique em OK ou pressione a telca Enter. Se esta for a primeira vez que está abrindo esse aplicativo, a caixa de diálogo Nenhum Dispositivo HP Instalado foi Encontrado irá aparecer. Três opções serão mostradas: Instalar Dispositivo..., Interface Web do CUPS, e Fechar. Para instalar a impressora, selecione o botão Instalar Dispositivo.... Quando solicitar a senha, digite a senha correta e então clique no botão OK. Selecione a opção que atenda a configuração da impressora e conclua a instalação. O Gerenciador de Dispositivo HP tem a capacidade de detectar automaticamente os dispositivos conectados, ou para fazer a varredura de uma rede de dispositivos compatíveis. +Para mais informações do Gerenciador de Dispotivo HP, instale o pacote hplip-docs. Por favor consulte a documentação Adicionando Aplicações para maiores informaçẽos sobre a instalação de aplicações extra. Um vez que hplip-docs estiver instalado, ele pode ser acessado indo em AjudaConteúdo... ou navegando até . + + + + +Impressoras Locais + +Uma impressora local é uma impressora que está diretamente ligada no computador (impressoras de rede serão discutidas na seção seguinte). Para configurar uma impressora local: + + +Determina o nome do modelo da impressora e assegura que a impressora está ligada. + + +Escolha Lançador de aplicações Kickoff Configurações de Sistema e selecione Configurações de impressora para abrir a caixa de diálogo system-settings-config-printers. + + +Escolha AdicionarAdicionar impressora/Classe... + + +A impressora deve ser detectada automaticamente. Se for, clique Próximo > e então Finalizar. + + +Para finalizar, informe a descrição e a localização da impressora. + + +Algumas impressoras podem necessitar de mais passos de configuração. Se a impressora não foi detectada automaticamente, tente selecionar a porta e o driver manualmente. Pesquise no banco de dados em LinuxPrinting.org ou veja a Página de impressoras da wiki do Kubuntu para possíveis informações sobre a impressora. + + + + +Impressora de Rede + +O Kubuntu pode ser configurado para enviar trabalhos para um servidor de impressão remoto. Impressoras remotas são acessadas através da rede. Para configurar uma impressora remota: + + +Determina o nome do modelo da impressora e assegura que a impressora está ligada. + + +Escolha Lançador de aplicações Kickoff Configurações de Sistema e selecione Configurações de impressora para abrir a caixa de diálogo system-settings-config-printers. + + +Escolha Nova impressoraNova classe de impressora + + +No dialogo Introdução, pressione o botão Avançar >. + + +No dialogo Selecione voltar, selecione o tipo de conexão remota e pressione o botão Avançar >. + + +Na janela Identificação do usuário, selecione o tipo de autenticação que é usada ou pela a impressora remota ou pelo o sistema que compartilha a impressora remota. Dica: se há uma pergunta, tente Anônimo (sem login/senha) e pressione o botão Próximo >. Se isto falhar, tente com Conta de convidado (login="guest"). + + +Na caixa de diálogo Configurações de impressora, pressione o botão Varrer. Se houver qualquer erro de autenticação, pressione o botão < Voltar e tente o passo anterior com uma configuração de autenticação diferente. Se tudo correr bem, selecione uma impressora remota e pressione o botãoPróximo>. + + +Após o KDE construir o banco de dados do driver, a caixa de diálogo Seleção de Modelo da Impressora mostrará uma lista com informação do Fabricante e Modelo. Localize a impressora, selecione os drivers correspondentes, e pressione Próximo >. Se não for houver informações realcionadas a sua impressora, por favor procure no banco de dados em LinuxPrinting.org ou veja Kubuntu Wiki's Printer Page para possíveis informações sobre sua impressora. + + +Para este passo, há duas escolhas possíveis sobre as janelas. Se os drivers foram configurados automaticamente, então a janela Teste da impressora irá aparecer. Se os drivers não foram configurados automaticamente, então a janela Seleção de drivers será mostrada. + + +Na janela Teste da impressora, faça um teste para verificar a operação da impressora ou siga em frente. Quando completar, pressione o botão Próximo > + + +Na caixa de diálogo Seleção de driver, haverá uma prontificação de escolha de um driver apropriado. Caso haja um driver [recomendado] , selecione esta impressora e pressiona o botão Próximo >. Se não houver um driver recomendado, tente um driver diferente até que se encontre um apropriado para a sua impressora. + + + + +No diálogo Seleção de Banner, selecione os banners padrões Iniciando e Finalizando. Quando completado, pressiona o botão Próximo >. + + +Na caixa de diálogo Configuração de cota de impressão, sefina o tamanho da cota a ser habilitada para a impressora. Este é o tamanho máximo de arquivo ou tamanho máximo da quantidade de páginas permitidas por vez. Quando completado, pressione Próximo >. + + +Na caixa de diálogo Configuração de acesso do usuário, regras de acesso podem ser usados para usuários e grupos. Quando completado, pressione Próximo >. + + +Na janela Informações gerais, insira pelo menos um Nome para a impressora. Quando terminar, pressione Próximo >. + + +Confirmação é a ultima janela apresentada. Verifique se as informações estão corretas, e pressione Finalizar para completar a instalação. + + + + + + +Servidor de Impressão Samba + +Samba é comumente usado para configurar o compartilhamento de impressoras, instaladas localmente ou pela rede, em um servidor Ubuntu. Similar ao Samba-fileserver, esta seção mostra como configurar o Samba para permitir qualquer cliente na rede local para usar as impressoras instaladas sem pedir por um nome de usuário e senha +Para uma configuração mais segura, veja Samba-fileprint-security + + +Instalação + +Antes de instalar e configurar o Samba, é recomendável ter uma instalação do CUPS funcionando. Veja a wiki para mais detalhes. +Para instalar o pacote samba, a partir de um terminal digite: + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuração + +Após instalar o samba, edite /etc/samba/smb.conf. Mude o atributo workgroup para algo apropriado à sua rede, e mude security para share: + +workgroup = EXEMPLO +... +security = user + +Na seção [printers], mude a opção guest ok para yes: + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + +Após editar o arquivo smb.conf, reinicie o Samba: + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + +A configuração padrão do Samba compartilhará automaticamente quaisquer impressoras instaladas. Basta instalar as impressoras, localmente, nos clientes Windows. + + + +Recursos + + + +Para configurações mais aprofundadas do Samba veja a Coleção de HOWTO's do Samba + + +O guia também está disponível em formato impresso. + + +O livro Using Samba da editora O'Reilly é outra boa referência. + + +Veja a página do CUPS para maiores informações sobre a configuração do CUPS. + + + + + + + +Testando uma Impressora + + + +Selecione Impressoras do Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffComputadorConfigurações do Sistema. + + +Direito clique na impressora a ser testada e selecione Testar Impressora... + + +Na janela Aviso, pressione o botão Imprimir página de teste + + + + + + +Compartilhando uma Impressora + + + +Selecione Impressoras do Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffComputadorConfigurações do Sistema. + + +Destacar ou selecionar uma impressora para ser compartilhada. + + +Uma vez destacado, vá para Servidor de impressãoCompartilhar impressoras em uma rede local. + + +No diálogo Compartilhar impressoras na rede local, pressione o botão Habilitar Compartilhamento. + + +Na janela Executar como root - KDE su, digite a senha apropriada e pressione o botão Ok. + + + + + + + +Examinando + +O Kubuntu tem suporte para uma variedade de digitalizadores. Para ver se um digitalizador em particular é suportado, revise a página da wiki Suporte ao hardware digitalizador e também a Lista da SANE Projects de digitalizador suportados. +Kubuntu vem com o aplicativo Kooka instalado, digitalizador e OCR do KDE. Para acessar o Kooka vá até Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosGráficosScan & OCR Program. Maiores informações sobre o Kooka podem ser localizadas em O Manual do Kooka. + + +Instalação e Configuração de Scanner + +Se o digitalizador é suportado, a instalação é o próximo passo. A maioria dos digitalizadores USB suportados será instalada automaticamente. Se o digitalizador não for instalado automaticamente, consulte as instruções de instalação a seguir. + +Ajuda da Instalação +Por favor consulte a documentação do Kubuntu Adicionando aplicativos. + + +Mais informações sobre instalação e configuração do scanner +Para mais informações, por favor verifique: + + + + + + + + + + + +Instalação manual de scanner + +Instale o pacote libsane-extras. + + +AltF2, na caixa de diálogo escreva kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf e pressione o botão OK. + + +Encontre o driver correto para o digitalizador e o descomente removendo/deletando o #. + + +Salve e feche o arquivo. + + +Use o Kooka para começar a digitalizar. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/ru/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/ru/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/ru/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/ru/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,880 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Управление принтерами и печатью в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information about various printing options +that Kubuntu offers and other related tasks. + + + + + + +Печать + + +Most printers are supported by Kubuntu. System Settings > Printer +Configuration provides the ability to add printers, modify their +settings, monitor printing jobs, suspend or restart printers, and set up printer +sharing. + + + + +Менеджер устройсв HP + + +The HP Device Manager simplifies the configuration +of printers, including HP Multifunction +Devices (MFDs)--printers that also copy and scan. This +application should be used if there is a direct connection from the +computer to the printer via USB, LPT +(parallel port), or network (direct connection or JetDirect). The +HP Device Manager does not work with printers on a +shared network using Samba. If the printer +is configured with Samba, is recommended. + + +To open the HP Device Manager, press +AltF2. In the +Run Command dialog, type printer +toolbox followed by pressing the +OK button or pressing the Enter key. If +this is the first time opening the application, the No Installed HP +Devices Found dialog will appear. Three choices will be presented: +Setup Device..., CUPS Web +Interface, and Close. To +set up the printer, select the Setup Device... button. +When prompted for a password, enter the correct password and then press the +OK button. Select the option that suits the printer +configuration and complete the setup. The HP Device +Manager has the ability to automatically +detect any attached devices, or to scan a network for any compatible devices. + + +For more information on the HP Device Manager, +install the hplip-docs package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications documentation for more information on installing extra +applications. Once the hplip-docs are installed, +they can be accessed by going to +HelpContents... + or browsing to . + + + + + +Печать на локальный принтер + +Локальный принтер - это принтер, который подключён напрямую к компьютеру (сетевые принтеры обсуждаются в следующем разделе). Чтобы установить новый принтер: + + +Определите название модели принтера и убедитесь что принтер включен. + + + +Choose Kickoff Application LauncherSystem +Settings and select Printer +Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +AddAdd +Printer/Class... + + + + +The printer should be detected automatically. If so, click Next +> and then Finish. + + + + +To finish, enter a description and location for the printer. + + + + +Some printers may need further set up steps. If the printer was not +automatically detected, try to select the port and printer driver manually. +Search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + + +Сетевая печать + + +Kubuntu can be configured to send print jobs to a remote print server. Remote +printers are attached through a network. To configure a remote printer: + + + +Определите название модели принтера и убедитесь что принтер включен. + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem Settings and +select Printer Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +New PrinterNew Printer +Class + + + +В диалоге Введение, нажмите кнопку Далее >. + + +В диалоге Выбор Backend, выберите тип соединения, который вы хотите использовать для подключения принтера и нажмите кнопку Далее >. + + + +At the User Identification dialog, select the type of +authentication that is used by either the remote printer or the system that is +sharing the remote printer. TIP: if there is a +question, try Anonymous (no login/password) and press +the Next >. If this fails, try with Guest +account (login="guest"). + + + + +At the Printer Settings dialog, press the +Scan button. If there are any authentication errors, +press the < Back button and try the previous step +with a different authentication setting. If all goes well, select the remote +printer and press Next >. + + + + +After KDE builds the driver database, the Printer Model +Selection dialog will appear with a list with +Manufacturer and Model information. +Locate the printer, highlight the corresponding drivers, and press +Next >. If no information pertaining to the printer +is found, please search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + +For this step, there are two possible choices concerning the dialog. If the +drivers were set up automatically, then the Printer Test +dialog will appear. If the drivers weren't automatically setup, then the +Driver Selection dialog will be displayed. + + + + +At the Printer Test dialog, do a testprint to verify the +operation of the printer or move on. When complete, press the Next +> button. + + + + +At the Driver Selection dialog, there will be a prompt to +select an appropriate driver. If there is a [recommended] +driver, select this printer and press Next >. If there +isn't a recommended driver, try each driver to find one that is suitable for +your printer. + + + + + + +At the Banner Selection dialog, select the default +Starting and Ending banners. +When complete, press Next >. + + + + +At the Printer Quota Settings dialog, set the +size of the quota to be enabled for the printer. This is the maximum file size +or maximum number of pages that will be allowed at any one time. When complete, +press Next >. + + + + +At the User Access Settings dialog, access rules can be +set for users or groups. When complete, press Next +>. + + + + +At the General Information dialog, insert at +least one Name for the printer. When complete, press +Next >. + + + + +Confirmation is the final dialog presented. Verify that the +information is correct, and press Finish to complete the +installation. + + + + + + + +Samba Print Server + + +Samba is commonly used to configure printer sharing, installed locally or over +the network, on a Ubuntu server. Similar to Samba-fileserver, this section will show +how to configure Samba to allow any client on the local network to use the +installed printers without prompting for a username and password. + + +For a more secure configuration, see Samba-fileprint-security + + + +Installation + + +Before installing and configuring Samba, it is best to have a working +CUPS installation. See the wiki for +details. + + +To install the samba package, from a terminal +enter: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuration + + +After installing samba, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf. Change +the workgroup attribute to what is appropriate for the +network, and change security to share: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +In the [printers] section, change the guest +ok option to yes: + + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + + +After editing smb.conf, restart Samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +The default Samba configuration will automatically share any printers +installed. Simply install printers locally on the Windows clients. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the Samba HOWTO +Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in printed +format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + +See the CUPS Website for more +information on configuring CUPS. + + + + + + + + +Проверка принтера + + + +Выберите Принтеры из Меню запуска приложений KickoffКомпьютерПараметры системы. + + + +Right click the printer to be test and select +Test Printer... + + + + +At the Warning dialog, press the Print Test +Page button. + + + + + + + +Предоставление принтера в общее пользование + + + +Выберите Принтеры из Меню запуска приложений KickoffКомпьютерПараметры системы. + + + +Highlight or select the printer to be shared. + + + + +Once highlighted, go to Print +ServerShare Printers on Local +Network. + + + +В диалоге Сделать принтер доступным по локальной сети, нажмите кнопку Сделать доступным. + + + +At the Run as root - KDE su dialog, enter the proper +password and press the OK button. + + + + + + + + +Сканирование + + +Kubuntu offers support for a variety of scanners. To see if a particular +scanner is supported, review the Scanner +Hardware Support wiki page as well as the SANE Projects list of +supported scanners. + + +Kubuntu comes installed with the software application +Kooka, KDE scanning and OCR. To +access Kooka go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScan & OCR Program. More +information on Kooka can be located in The Kooka Manual. + + + +Установка и настройка сканера + + +If the scanner is supported, installation is the next step. Most supported +USB scanners will be installed automatically. If the +scanner is not automatically installed, refer to the following installation +instructions. + + +Справка по установке + +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for Kubuntu. + + + +Дальнейшая информация по установке и настройке сканера +Для получения дополнительной информации ознакомьтесь с: + + + + + + + + + + + +Ручная установка сканера + +Установите пакет libsane-extras. + + +AltF2, в окне введите kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf и нажмите кнопку OK. + + + +Locate the correct driver for the scanner and uncomment it by +removing/deleting the #. + + + +Сохраните и закройте файл. + + + +Use Kooka to start scanning. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/sr/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/sr/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/sr/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/sr/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,913 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Managing Printers and Printing in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information about various printing options +that Kubuntu offers and other related tasks. + + + + + + +Printing + + +Most printers are supported by Kubuntu. System Settings > Printer +Configuration provides the ability to add printers, modify their +settings, monitor printing jobs, suspend or restart printers, and set up printer +sharing. + + + + +HP Device Manager + + +The HP Device Manager simplifies the configuration +of printers, including HP Multifunction +Devices (MFDs)--printers that also copy and scan. This +application should be used if there is a direct connection from the +computer to the printer via USB, LPT +(parallel port), or network (direct connection or JetDirect). The +HP Device Manager does not work with printers on a +shared network using Samba. If the printer +is configured with Samba, is recommended. + + +To open the HP Device Manager, press +AltF2. In the +Run Command dialog, type printer +toolbox followed by pressing the +OK button or pressing the Enter key. If +this is the first time opening the application, the No Installed HP +Devices Found dialog will appear. Three choices will be presented: +Setup Device..., CUPS Web +Interface, and Close. To +set up the printer, select the Setup Device... button. +When prompted for a password, enter the correct password and then press the +OK button. Select the option that suits the printer +configuration and complete the setup. The HP Device +Manager has the ability to automatically +detect any attached devices, or to scan a network for any compatible devices. + + +For more information on the HP Device Manager, +install the hplip-docs package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications documentation for more information on installing extra +applications. Once the hplip-docs are installed, +they can be accessed by going to +HelpContents... + or browsing to . + + + + + +Local Printing + + +A local printer is one that is directly attached to the computer (network +printers are discussed in the following section). To set up a new local +printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application LauncherSystem +Settings and select Printer +Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +AddAdd +Printer/Class... + + + + +The printer should be detected automatically. If so, click Next +> and then Finish. + + + + +To finish, enter a description and location for the printer. + + + + +Some printers may need further set up steps. If the printer was not +automatically detected, try to select the port and printer driver manually. +Search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + + +Network Printing + + +Kubuntu can be configured to send print jobs to a remote print server. Remote +printers are attached through a network. To configure a remote printer: + + + + +Determine the model name of the printer and ensure the printer is powered on. + + + + +Choose Kickoff Application +LauncherSystem Settings and +select Printer Configuration to open the +system-settings-config-printers system dialog. + + + + +Choose +New PrinterNew Printer +Class + + + + +At the Introduction dialog, press the Next +> button. + + + + +At the Backend Selection dialog, select the type of remote +connection you wish to use and press the Next > +button. + + + + +At the User Identification dialog, select the type of +authentication that is used by either the remote printer or the system that is +sharing the remote printer. TIP: if there is a +question, try Anonymous (no login/password) and press +the Next >. If this fails, try with Guest +account (login="guest"). + + + + +At the Printer Settings dialog, press the +Scan button. If there are any authentication errors, +press the < Back button and try the previous step +with a different authentication setting. If all goes well, select the remote +printer and press Next >. + + + + +After KDE builds the driver database, the Printer Model +Selection dialog will appear with a list with +Manufacturer and Model information. +Locate the printer, highlight the corresponding drivers, and press +Next >. If no information pertaining to the printer +is found, please search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + +For this step, there are two possible choices concerning the dialog. If the +drivers were set up automatically, then the Printer Test +dialog will appear. If the drivers weren't automatically setup, then the +Driver Selection dialog will be displayed. + + + + +At the Printer Test dialog, do a testprint to verify the +operation of the printer or move on. When complete, press the Next +> button. + + + + +At the Driver Selection dialog, there will be a prompt to +select an appropriate driver. If there is a [recommended] +driver, select this printer and press Next >. If there +isn't a recommended driver, try each driver to find one that is suitable for +your printer. + + + + + + +At the Banner Selection dialog, select the default +Starting and Ending banners. +When complete, press Next >. + + + + +At the Printer Quota Settings dialog, set the +size of the quota to be enabled for the printer. This is the maximum file size +or maximum number of pages that will be allowed at any one time. When complete, +press Next >. + + + + +At the User Access Settings dialog, access rules can be +set for users or groups. When complete, press Next +>. + + + + +At the General Information dialog, insert at +least one Name for the printer. When complete, press +Next >. + + + + +Confirmation is the final dialog presented. Verify that the +information is correct, and press Finish to complete the +installation. + + + + + + + +Samba Print Server + + +Samba is commonly used to configure printer sharing, installed locally or over +the network, on a Ubuntu server. Similar to Samba-fileserver, this section will show +how to configure Samba to allow any client on the local network to use the +installed printers without prompting for a username and password. + + +For a more secure configuration, see Samba-fileprint-security + + + +Installation + + +Before installing and configuring Samba, it is best to have a working +CUPS installation. See the wiki for +details. + + +To install the samba package, from a terminal +enter: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuration + + +After installing samba, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf. Change +the workgroup attribute to what is appropriate for the +network, and change security to share: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +In the [printers] section, change the guest +ok option to yes: + + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + + +After editing smb.conf, restart Samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +The default Samba configuration will automatically share any printers +installed. Simply install printers locally on the Windows clients. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the Samba HOWTO +Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in printed +format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + +See the CUPS Website for more +information on configuring CUPS. + + + + + + + + +Testing a Printer + + + + +Select Printers from Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Right click the printer to be test and select +Test Printer... + + + + +At the Warning dialog, press the Print Test +Page button. + + + + + + + +Sharing a Printer + + + + +Select Printers from Kickoff Application LauncherComputerSystem Settings. + + + + +Highlight or select the printer to be shared. + + + + +Once highlighted, go to Print +ServerShare Printers on Local +Network. + + + + +At the Share Printers on Local Network dialog, press the +Enable Sharing button. + + + + +At the Run as root - KDE su dialog, enter the proper +password and press the OK button. + + + + + + + + +Scanning + + +Kubuntu offers support for a variety of scanners. To see if a particular +scanner is supported, review the Scanner +Hardware Support wiki page as well as the SANE Projects list of +supported scanners. + + +Kubuntu comes installed with the software application +Kooka, KDE scanning and OCR. To +access Kooka go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScan & OCR Program. More +information on Kooka can be located in The Kooka Manual. + + + +Scanner Installation and Configuration + + +If the scanner is supported, installation is the next step. Most supported +USB scanners will be installed automatically. If the +scanner is not automatically installed, refer to the following installation +instructions. + + +Installation Help + +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for Kubuntu. + + + +Further scanner installation and configuration information + +For more information please review the following: + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Scanner manual installation + + +Install the libsane-extras package. + + + + +AltF2, at the dialog +type kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf and press the +OK button. + + + + +Locate the correct driver for the scanner and uncomment it by +removing/deleting the #. + + + + +Save and close the file. + + + + +Use Kooka to start scanning. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/sv/printing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/sv/printing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/printing/sv/printing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/printing/sv/printing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,868 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hantera skrivare och utskrifter i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information about various printing options +that Kubuntu offers and other related tasks. + + + + + + +Utskrifter + + +Most printers are supported by Kubuntu. System Settings > Printer +Configuration provides the ability to add printers, modify their +settings, monitor printing jobs, suspend or restart printers, and set up printer +sharing. + + + + +HP Device Manager + + +The HP Device Manager simplifies the configuration +of printers, including HP Multifunction +Devices (MFDs)--printers that also copy and scan. This +application should be used if there is a direct connection from the +computer to the printer via USB, LPT +(parallel port), or network (direct connection or JetDirect). The +HP Device Manager does not work with printers on a +shared network using Samba. If the printer +is configured with Samba, is recommended. + + +To open the HP Device Manager, press +AltF2. In the +Run Command dialog, type printer +toolbox followed by pressing the +OK button or pressing the Enter key. If +this is the first time opening the application, the No Installed HP +Devices Found dialog will appear. Three choices will be presented: +Setup Device..., CUPS Web +Interface, and Close. To +set up the printer, select the Setup Device... button. +When prompted for a password, enter the correct password and then press the +OK button. Select the option that suits the printer +configuration and complete the setup. The HP Device +Manager has the ability to automatically +detect any attached devices, or to scan a network for any compatible devices. + + +For more information on the HP Device Manager, +install the hplip-docs package. Please refer to +the Adding +Applications documentation for more information on installing extra +applications. Once the hplip-docs are installed, +they can be accessed by going to +HelpContents... + or browsing to . + + + + + +Lokala utskrifter + +En lokal skrivare är direkt ansluten till datorn (nätverksskrivare diskuteras i kommande avsnitt). För att sätta upp en lokal skrivare: + + +Fastställ modellnamnet på skrivaren och säkerställ att den är påslagen. + + +Välj Kickoff programstartarenSysteminställningar och välj Skrivarinställning för att öppna systemdialogen Skrivarinställning - Systeminställning. + + + +Choose +AddAdd +Printer/Class... + + + + +The printer should be detected automatically. If so, click Next +> and then Finish. + + + +För att avsluta, ange en beskrivning och plats för skrivaren. + + + +Some printers may need further set up steps. If the printer was not +automatically detected, try to select the port and printer driver manually. +Search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + + +Nätverksutskrifter + + +Kubuntu can be configured to send print jobs to a remote print server. Remote +printers are attached through a network. To configure a remote printer: + + + +Fastställ modellnamnet på skrivaren och säkerställ att den är påslagen. + + +Välj Kickoff programstartarenSysteminställningar och välj Skrivarinställning för att öppna systemdialogen Skrivarinställning - Systeminställning. + + + +Choose +New PrinterNew Printer +Class + + + +I dialogen Inledning, tryck på knappen Nästa > + + +I dialogen Välj utskriftsenhet, välj den typ av fjärranslutning som du önskar att använda och tryck på knappen Nästa > + + + +At the User Identification dialog, select the type of +authentication that is used by either the remote printer or the system that is +sharing the remote printer. TIP: if there is a +question, try Anonymous (no login/password) and press +the Next >. If this fails, try with Guest +account (login="guest"). + + + + +At the Printer Settings dialog, press the +Scan button. If there are any authentication errors, +press the < Back button and try the previous step +with a different authentication setting. If all goes well, select the remote +printer and press Next >. + + + + +After KDE builds the driver database, the Printer Model +Selection dialog will appear with a list with +Manufacturer and Model information. +Locate the printer, highlight the corresponding drivers, and press +Next >. If no information pertaining to the printer +is found, please search the databases at LinuxPrinting.org or check the +Kubuntu +Wiki's Printer Page for possible information on the printer. + + + + +For this step, there are two possible choices concerning the dialog. If the +drivers were set up automatically, then the Printer Test +dialog will appear. If the drivers weren't automatically setup, then the +Driver Selection dialog will be displayed. + + + + +At the Printer Test dialog, do a testprint to verify the +operation of the printer or move on. When complete, press the Next +> button. + + + + +At the Driver Selection dialog, there will be a prompt to +select an appropriate driver. If there is a [recommended] +driver, select this printer and press Next >. If there +isn't a recommended driver, try each driver to find one that is suitable for +your printer. + + + + + + +At the Banner Selection dialog, select the default +Starting and Ending banners. +When complete, press Next >. + + + + +At the Printer Quota Settings dialog, set the +size of the quota to be enabled for the printer. This is the maximum file size +or maximum number of pages that will be allowed at any one time. When complete, +press Next >. + + + + +At the User Access Settings dialog, access rules can be +set for users or groups. When complete, press Next +>. + + + + +At the General Information dialog, insert at +least one Name for the printer. When complete, press +Next >. + + + + +Confirmation is the final dialog presented. Verify that the +information is correct, and press Finish to complete the +installation. + + + + + + + +Samba Print Server + + +Samba is commonly used to configure printer sharing, installed locally or over +the network, on a Ubuntu server. Similar to Samba-fileserver, this section will show +how to configure Samba to allow any client on the local network to use the +installed printers without prompting for a username and password. + + +For a more secure configuration, see Samba-fileprint-security + + + +Installation + + +Before installing and configuring Samba, it is best to have a working +CUPS installation. See the wiki for +details. + + +To install the samba package, from a terminal +enter: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + + +Configuration + + +After installing samba, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf. Change +the workgroup attribute to what is appropriate for the +network, and change security to share: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +In the [printers] section, change the guest +ok option to yes: + + +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes + + +After editing smb.conf, restart Samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +The default Samba configuration will automatically share any printers +installed. Simply install printers locally on the Windows clients. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the Samba HOWTO +Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in printed +format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + +See the CUPS Website for more +information on configuring CUPS. + + + + + + + + +Testa en skrivare + + + +Välj Skrivare från Kickoff programstartDatorSysteminställningar. + + + +Right click the printer to be test and select +Test Printer... + + + + +At the Warning dialog, press the Print Test +Page button. + + + + + + + +Dela en skrivare + + + +Välj Skrivare från Kickoff programstartDatorSysteminställningar. + + + +Highlight or select the printer to be shared. + + + + +Once highlighted, go to Print +ServerShare Printers on Local +Network. + + + +I dialogen Share Printers on Local Network, tryck på knappen Enable Sharing. + + + +At the Run as root - KDE su dialog, enter the proper +password and press the OK button. + + + + + + + + +Bildinläsning + + +Kubuntu offers support for a variety of scanners. To see if a particular +scanner is supported, review the Scanner +Hardware Support wiki page as well as the SANE Projects list of +supported scanners. + + +Kubuntu comes installed with the software application +Kooka, KDE scanning and OCR. To +access Kooka go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsGraphicsScan & OCR Program. More +information on Kooka can be located in The Kooka Manual. + + + +Att installera och konfigurera en bildläsare + + +If the scanner is supported, installation is the next step. Most supported +USB scanners will be installed automatically. If the +scanner is not automatically installed, refer to the following installation +instructions. + + +Installationshjälp + +Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation +for Kubuntu. + + + +Ytterligare information om installation och konfigureration av bildläsare. +För mer information, undersök följande: + + + + + + + + + + + +Manuell installation för bildläsare + +Installera paketet libsane-extras. + + +AltF2, skriv i dialogrutan kdesudo kwrite /etc/sane.d/dll.conf och tryck på knappen OK. + + + +Locate the correct driver for the scanner and uncomment it by +removing/deleting the #. + + + +Spara och stäng filen. + + + +Use Kooka to start scanning. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/de/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/de/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/de/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/de/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,522 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-Sicherheit +&legalnotice; + + +Dieser Abschnitt beschreibt, wie Sie ihren Computer vor Sicherheitsrisiken schützen können. + + + + +Halten Sie Ihren Computer auf dem neuesten Stand + +Nachzulesen unter Updates in der Anwendung hinzufügen Dokumentation. + + + +Die Arbeitsfläche während der Abwesenheit sperren + +Die Arbeitsfläche zu sperren schreckt davon ab, auf einen unbeaufsichtigten Computer zuzugreifen. Alle Anwendungen bleiben geöffnet während die Arbeitsfläche gesperrt ist und der ausgewählte Bildschirmschoner wird gezeigt. +Zum Sperren der Arbeitsfläche bieten sich folgende Möglichkeiten: + + + +Wählen Sie im Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterVerlassenSperren (Bildschirm sperren). + + +Durch drücken von AltCtrlL. + + +Rechtsklick auf einer freien Fläche des Desktops und Arbeitsfläche sperren wählen. + + + +Ändern des Kurzbefehls zum Sperren der Arbeitsfläche +Der Tastaturkurzbefehl kann in den Systemeinstellungen unter Tastatur & Maus geändert werden. Dort gehen Sie in die linke Kategorieleiste. Wählen sie Globale Kurzbefehle, in der "KDE-Komponente:" Liste, dort Oberfläche zum Ausführen von Befehlen auswählen und Sitzung sperren ausfindig machen. + + +Ein "Arbeitsfläche sperren" Symbol in die Kontrollleiste einfügen. +Ein Arbeitsfläche sperren Symbol kann für schnelles und einfaches Sperren zur Kontrollleiste hizugefügt werden. Rechtsklick auf die Kontrollleiste, Miniprogramm hinzufügen... auswählen, Bildschirmsperre und Abmeldung aus KDE auswählen und auf die Kontrollleiste an die gewünschte Position ziehen. + + +Um den Bildschirm wieder freizugeben, bewegen Sie die Maus oder drücken eine Taste. Geben Sie das Passwort ein und drücken entweder die Return Taste oder drücken den Sperre aufheben Knopf. +Wenn mehr als eine Person einen Benutzerzugang auf dem Rechner hat und der Bildschirm gesperrt ist von einem Benutzer, können andere Benutzer den Benutzer wechseln... Knopf drücken um den Bildschirm für ihren eigenen Benutzer entsperren. Sie können nicht die zur Zeit geöffnete Arbeit der gesperrten Zugänge zugreifen. Benutzer mit gesperrten Arbeitsflächen können zu ihrem eigenen Zugang zurück wechseln und ihre eigene Arbeitsfläche entsperren wenn der Rechner wieder verfügbar ist. + + + +Firewall einrichten + +Guarddog ist die Firewall der Wahl für Kubuntu. Bitte schauen Sie in die Netzwerk Dokumentation in der Kategorie Guarddog. + + + +Internet-Gefahren vermeiden + +Gelegentlich enthalten Emails Viren oder Links zu unerwünschten Webseiten. Es ist wichtig, zu Lernen wie man mit diesen Nachrichten umgeht, um zu verhindern, dass weder der Computer noch persönliche Informationen kompromittiert oder fremdgenutzt werden. + +Häufig kommen solche Nachrichten von Fremden. Manchmal scheint eine solche Email aus einer vertrauenswürdigen Quelle zu kommen, obwohl die betreffende Person sie nicht gesendet hat. Es ist möglich einen falschen Absender anzugeben. + +Unerwünschte Emails fallen meist in eine von mehreren Kategorien: + + +Spam (Müll) Emails mit Angeboten für unerwünschte Produkte und Dienste + + + +Betrug (Scam) Emails die um Hilfe bitten im Austausch für Geld + + + +Phishing Emails, welche von einer Bank oder einem anderen Dienst zu kmmen scheinen und nach persönlichen, finanziellen Details oder Passwörtern fragen + + +Die folgenden Tipps helfen Ihnen, Online Sicherheit zu wahren: + + +Antworten Sie niemals auf unerwünschte Emails und klicken Sie keinesfalls auf enthaltene Links. Dies würde noch mehr Emails dieser Art zur Folge haben. + + + +Klicken Sie niemals auf Links die zu Webseiten führen, welche nach Passwörtern oder anderen sensiblen Informationen fragen. Es besteht eine hohe Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass der Text des Links etwas anderes angibt, als die tatsächliche, möglicherweise gefährliche, Adresse zu der er führt. Geben Sie Links am besten immer direkt in die Adresszeile Ihres Webbrowsers ein. + + + +Wenn Sie eine Webseite besuchen, die nach sensiblen Informationen fragt, versichern Sie sich, das die Seite sicher ist. Konqueror und Firefox sind zwei oft häufig genutzte Browser in Kubuntu. + + + +Es sollte nur Software aus vertrauenswürdigen Quellen herunutergeladen und ausgeführt werden. In den Standardeinstellungen kann Software nur direkt von Ubuntu heruntergeladen. + + + + + +Machen sie Sicherungskopien von Dateien + +Gelegentlich gehen dem Nutzer Informationen im Computer verloren. Es gibt zahlreiche Gründe für solch unvorhersehbaren Datenverlust. Auslöser dafür können zum Beispiel Stromausfall oder Geräteversagen sowie versehentliches Löschen von Dateien sein. Mit regelmäßigen Sicherheitskopien kann es möglich sein, im Falle eines auftacuhendes Problemes, wichtige Daten wieder herzustellen. Nutzer sollten auf jeden Fall Sicherungen anlegen. +Sicherungskopien sollten getrennt vom Computer aufbewahrt werden. Mit anderen Worten, Sicherungskopien sollten auf einem nicht ständig mit dem Computer verbundenen Medium gespeichert sein. Denkbar wären zum Beispiel: + +Beschreibbare CDs und DVDs +Externe Festplatten and Flash-Speichergeräte +Ein anderer Rechner im Netzwerk + +Ein einfacher Weg die Dateien zu sichern besteht darin, diese von Hand, unter Nutzung von Dolphin, Konqueror oder einem anderen Dateimanager, an einen sicheren Ort (siehe oben) zu kopieren. +Eine ander Möglichkeit der Datensicherung bietet Keep, eine automatisierte Kubuntu Sicherungslösung, bevorzugt von vielen Kubuntu Veteranen. Um Keep zu installieren, schauen Sie sich bitte in der Dokumentation Programme installieren nach Hilfe. Wenn Keep installiert ist, kann es im Kickoff Anwendungs Starter unter ProgrammeSystemKeep aufgerufen werden. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/es/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/es/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/es/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/es/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,588 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Seguridad de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +Esta sección describe cómo mantener su equipo a salvo de amenazas de seguridad + + + + +Mantener su equipo actualizado + +Consulte Actualizaciones bajo la documentación de Añadir aplicaciones. + + + +Bloqueo de la pantalla mientras se encuentra fuera + +El bloqueo de la pantalla impide el acceso de las personas al equipo desatendido. Todas las aplicaciones y el trabajo permanecerán abiertos mientras la pantalla esté bloqueada, y se mostrará el protector de pantalla seleccionado. +La pantalla se puede bloquear de una de las siguientes maneras: + + + +Pulse Aplicación de lanzamiento KickoffSalirBloquear (Bloquear la pantalla). + + +Pulse Alt Ctrl L . + + + +Right-click in an empty space on the desktop and +choose Lock Screen. + + + + +Cambiar el atajo de bloqueo + +Keyboard shortcuts can be changed in System Settings +under the Keyboard & Mouse. To access these settings, +go to Menu Bread Crumbs. Select Global Keyboard Shortcuts, +in the KDE component dropdown, select Run Command Interface +and locate Lock Session. + + + +Añadir un botón de bloqueo de pantalla en el panel + +A Lock Screen button can be added to the +Panel for quick and easy screen locking. Right-click +the Panel, select Add +Widgets..., select Lock/Logout and drag it +to the proper location on the Panel. + + + + +To unlock the screen, move the mouse or press a key. Enter the password, and +either press the Return key or press the +Unlock button. + + +If more than one person has a user account on the computer and the screen is +locked by one user, other users can press the Switch +user... button to unlock the screen for their own accounts. They +will not be able to access currently-open work in locked accounts. Users with +locked screens can switch back to their own accounts and unlock their screens +when the computer becomes available. + + + + +Configurar un cortafuegos + + +Guarddog is the firewall of choice for Kubuntu. +Please review the Networking +documentation and locate the Guarddog section. + + + + +Evite las molestias y el crimen en Internet + +De vez en cuando, los mensajes de correo electrónico son portadores de virus o de enlaces a sitios web fraudulentos. Es importante aprender como manejar estos mensajes, con el fin de evitar que el equipo o la información personal no se vean comprometidas o usurpada + +Normalmente estos mensajes se envían por parte de extraños. Sin embargo, a veces este tipo de correo electrónico parecen provenir de una persona de confianza o conocido, a pesar de que esa persona realmente no lo envíe. Es posible incluir una dirección de correo electrónico del remitente en los correos electrónicos falsos. + +El correo no deseado (no solicitado) tiende a ir a una de las categorías: + + +Correo Spam (basura) con ofertas no pedidas de servicios y productos + + + +Correo electrónico de estafa pidiendo ayuda a cambio de dinero + + + +correo electrónico Phishing (estafa) que parece proceder de un banco o servicio en línea, pidiendo datos personales y financieros, o contraseña + + +Debajo hay algunos consejos para mantenerse seguro cuando está conectado: + + +Nunca responda a un correo no pedido o pulse en lo vínculos del mismo. Haciendo eso normalmente se recibe más correo basura. + + + + +Never click on links in emails that lead to websites asking for passwords or +similar information. It is possible for the text of the link to show one +address, but clicking on the link actually connects to a different (possibly +dangerous) address. Instead of clicking a potentially misleading link, type the +link address directly into a web browser. + + + + + +When visiting a website that asks for financial information, ensure that it is +secure. Konqueror and +Firefox are two browsers commonly used in Kubuntu. +Both have two areas that indicate if the current page is secure. On secure +webpages, the address bar will have a yellow background and a lock +symbol to the right of the address. The second area is the status bar located at +the bottom right of the browser window. If the page is secure, a lock icon will +appear in this area. Clicking on either of the lock symbols will produce a +dialog that explains the type of licensing and security for that page. + + + + +Sólo descargar y ejecutar software de fuentes confiables. De manera predeterminada el software sólo se pueden descargar directamente desde Ubuntu + + + + + +Hacer copias de seguridad de archivos + + +Occasionally users lose computer information. There are many possible causes +for such unforeseen data loss. The problem could be +anything from a power loss or equipment failure to accidentally deleting a file. +With regular backup copies, if a problem should occur, it may be possible +to retrieve important files. Users are strongly encouraged to make backups. + + +Backup copies of files should be stored separately from the computer. In other +words, backup file storage should be located somewhere that is not permanently +attached to the computer. Options include: + + +CD y DVD escribible +Dispositivos de discos duros externos y memorias flash +Otro equipo en la red + + +A simple way of backing up your files is to copy them manually to a safe +location (see above) by using the Konqueror or +Dolphin file manager. + + +Another backup method is Keep, an automated Kubuntu +backup solution, preferred by many Kubuntu veterans. To install the +Keep package, please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. Once installed, +Keep can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsUtilitiesKeep. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/et/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/et/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/et/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/et/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,547 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> turvalisus +&legalnotice; + + +See sektsioon kirjeldab seda, kuidas hoida sinu arvuti turvalisena. + + + + +Hoiab sinu arvutit värskena + +Vaata Uuendused, minnes Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni. + + + +Lukustab eemal olles ekraani + +Ekraani lukustamine võib inimesi ehmatada. Kui ekraan on lukustunud, siis kõik rakendused ja tööd on avatud ja kuvatakse valitud ekraanisäästjat. +Ekraani saab lukustada mitmel viisil: + + + +Vajuta Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaVäljuLukusta (Lukusta ekraan). + + +Vajuta AltCtrlL. + + +Tee paremklõps töölaua tühjal kohal ning vali Lukusta ekraan. + + + +Muuda ekraani lukustuse kiirklahvi + +Keyboard shortcuts can be changed in System Settings +under the Keyboard & Mouse. To access these settings, +go to Menu Bread Crumbs. Select Global Keyboard Shortcuts, +in the KDE component dropdown, select Run Command Interface +and locate Lock Session. + + + +Lukustusekraani nupu lisamine paneeli +Lukusta ekraan nuppu on võimalik lisada paneeli selleks, et kiiresti ja lihtsalt lukustada ekraani. Tee paremklõps paneelil ning vali Lisa vidinaid... ja vali Lukusta/Logi välja ning lohista see sobivasse asukohta paneelis. + + +Eemalda ekraani lukustus, liiguta hiirt või vajuta mõnda klahvi. Sisesta parool või vajuta Tagasi klahvi või vajuta Lukusta lahti nuppu. + +If more than one person has a user account on the computer and the screen is +locked by one user, other users can press the Switch +user... button to unlock the screen for their own accounts. They +will not be able to access currently-open work in locked accounts. Users with +locked screens can switch back to their own accounts and unlock their screens +when the computer becomes available. + + + + +Seadista tulemüür + +Guarddog on tulemüüri valik Kubuntu jaoks. Palun vaata Võrgustamise dokumentatsiooni ja vali Guarddog sektsioon. + + + +Hoidu Interneti erinevatest pahavaradest ja kuritegudest + +Mõnikord võivad e-kirjad sisaldada viiruseid või linke kahtlastele veebilehtedele. Tähtis on teada seda, mida selliste kirjadega teha. Seda selleks, et vältida arvuti või isikliku informatsiooni kadumist või kuritarvitamist. + +Sellised kirjad on tavaliselt saadetud täiesti võõraste inimeste poolt. Samuti on vahetevahel sellist tüüpi e-kirjad usaldusväärsete inimeste poolt saadetud, kuigi tegelikkuses nemad seda ei saatnud. E-kirjade puhul on võimalik saatja nime võltsida. + +Soovimatute e-kirjad jagunevad mitmesse katekooriasse: + + +Rämpspost, mis pakub soovimatuid tooteid ja teenuseid + + + +Pettuskirjad, mis küsivad abi valuutavahetusel + + + +Veebikelmuse e-kirjad näivad pärinevat pangast või teisest veebiteenustest, mis küsivad isiklikku ja rahanduslikku informatsiooni, nagu näiteks parooli. + + +Allpool on toodud mõned nipid, mis aitavad võrgus sirvimise muuta turvaliseks. + + +Ära kunagi vasta soovimatutele kirjadele või kliki nendes olevatele linkidele. Vastasel juhul tekib üldjuhul rämpsposti juurde. + + + +Ära kunagi kliki e-kirjas sisalduvatele linkidele, mis juhatavad sind veebilehtedele, mis küsivad paroole või sarnast informatsiooni. On võimalik, et link näitab ühte aadressi, kuid klikkimisel ühendub see hoopis teise (võimalik, et ohtliku) veebiaadressiga. Eksitava lingi klikkimise asemel kirjuta lingi aadress otse oma veebibrauserisse. + + + +Kui külastad veebilehte, mis küsib sinult finantsinformatsiooni, ole kindel et tegemist on turvalise veebilehega. Konqueror ja Firefox on kaks veebibrauserit, mida kasutab peamiselt Kubuntu. Mõlemal on kaks piirkonda, mis näitavad kas veebileht on turvaline või mitte. Turvalise veebilehe puhul on aadressiribal kollane taust ning lukustuse sümbol kohe aadressi kõrval. Järgmine piirkond on olekuribal, mis asub brauseris all paremal nurgas. Kui tegemist on turvalise lehega, siis lukustuse ikoon ilmub sellesse piirkonda. Klikkides luku sümbolile, kuvatakse dialoog, mis seletab selle lehe litsentsi tüüpi ning turvalisust. + + + +Laadi alla ja käivita tarkvara vaid usaldusväärsetest allikatest. Vaikimisi saab tarkvara allalaadida ainult otse Ubuntust. + + + + + +Make backup copies of files + + +Occasionally users lose computer information. There are many possible causes +for such unforeseen data loss. The problem could be +anything from a power loss or equipment failure to accidentally deleting a file. +With regular backup copies, if a problem should occur, it may be possible +to retrieve important files. Users are strongly encouraged to make backups. + +Failidest tehtud varunduskoopiad asuvad arvutist eraldatud kohas. Teisisõnu salvestatakse varundusfailid asukohta, mis ei ole arvutiga püsivalt seotud. Valikud on järgmised: + +Writable CDs and DVDs +External hard disks and flash memory devices +Võrgusolev teine arvuti + +Lihtne viis failide varundamiseks on kopeerida need käsitsi turvalisse asukohta, kasutades Konquerori või Dolphini failihaldurit. + +Another backup method is Keep, an automated Kubuntu +backup solution, preferred by many Kubuntu veterans. To install the +Keep package, please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. Once installed, +Keep can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsUtilitiesKeep. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/fr/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/fr/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/fr/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/fr/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,630 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Security +&legalnotice; + + + +This section describes how to keep your computer safe from security threats. + + + + + +Keeping your computer updated + + +Refer to Updates under the Adding +Applications documentation. + + + + +Locking the screen while away + + +Locking the screen discourages people from accessing an unattended computer. All +applications and work remain open while the screen is locked, and the selected +screensaver is displayed. + + +The screen can be locked in one of the following ways: + + + + + +Press Kickoff Application LauncherLeaveLock (Lock the screen). + + + + +Press + +Alt +Ctrl +L +. + + + + +Right-click in an empty space on the desktop and +choose Lock Screen. + + + + +Change lock screen shortcut + +Keyboard shortcuts can be changed in System Settings +under the Keyboard & Mouse. To access these settings, +go to Menu Bread Crumbs. Select Global Keyboard Shortcuts, +in the KDE component dropdown, select Run Command Interface +and locate Lock Session. + + + +Adding a lock screen button to the panel + +A Lock Screen button can be added to the +Panel for quick and easy screen locking. Right-click +the Panel, select Add +Widgets..., select Lock/Logout and drag it +to the proper location on the Panel. + + + + +To unlock the screen, move the mouse or press a key. Enter the password, and +either press the Return key or press the +Unlock button. + + +If more than one person has a user account on the computer and the screen is +locked by one user, other users can press the Switch +user... button to unlock the screen for their own accounts. They +will not be able to access currently-open work in locked accounts. Users with +locked screens can switch back to their own accounts and unlock their screens +when the computer becomes available. + + + + +Set up a firewall + + +Guarddog is the firewall of choice for Kubuntu. +Please review the Networking +documentation and locate the Guarddog section. + + + + +Avoid Internet nuisances and crime + +From time to time, email messages carry viruses or links to fraudulent +websites. It is important to learn how to deal with these messages, in order to +prevent the computer or personal information from being compromised or misused. + + + +Typically such messages are sent by strangers. However, sometimes this type of +email appears to be from a trusted acquaintance, even though that person did not +really send it. It is possible to include a fake sender email address in emails. + + + +Unwanted (unsolicited) mail tends to fall into one of several categories: + + + + +Spam (junk) email with offers for unwanted services and products + + + + + +Scam emails asking for help in exchange for money + + + + + +Phishing email that appears to be from a bank or other online service, asking +for personal and financial details, or passwords + + + +Below are some tips for keeping safe online: + + + +Never reply to unsolicited mail or click on the links in the mail. Doing so +usually results in more junk email. + + + + + +Never click on links in emails that lead to websites asking for passwords or +similar information. It is possible for the text of the link to show one +address, but clicking on the link actually connects to a different (possibly +dangerous) address. Instead of clicking a potentially misleading link, type the +link address directly into a web browser. + + + + + +When visiting a website that asks for financial information, ensure that it is +secure. Konqueror and +Firefox are two browsers commonly used in Kubuntu. +Both have two areas that indicate if the current page is secure. On secure +webpages, the address bar will have a yellow background and a lock +symbol to the right of the address. The second area is the status bar located at +the bottom right of the browser window. If the page is secure, a lock icon will +appear in this area. Clicking on either of the lock symbols will produce a +dialog that explains the type of licensing and security for that page. + + + + + +Only download and run software from trusted sources. By default, software can +only be downloaded directly from Ubuntu. + + + + + + +Make backup copies of files + + +Occasionally users lose computer information. There are many possible causes +for such unforeseen data loss. The problem could be +anything from a power loss or equipment failure to accidentally deleting a file. +With regular backup copies, if a problem should occur, it may be possible +to retrieve important files. Users are strongly encouraged to make backups. + + +Backup copies of files should be stored separately from the computer. In other +words, backup file storage should be located somewhere that is not permanently +attached to the computer. Options include: + + +Writable CDs and DVDs +External hard disks and flash memory devices +Another computer on the network + + +A simple way of backing up your files is to copy them manually to a safe +location (see above) by using the Konqueror or +Dolphin file manager. + + +Another backup method is Keep, an automated Kubuntu +backup solution, preferred by many Kubuntu veterans. To install the +Keep package, please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. Once installed, +Keep can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsUtilitiesKeep. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/it/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/it/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/it/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/it/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,522 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Sicurezza di <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +Questa sezione descrive come mantenere sicuro il proprio computer dalle minacce alla sicurezza. + + + + +Mantenere il computer aggiornato + +Fate riferimento all'argomento Aggiornamenti nella documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni. + + + +Bloccare lo schermo quando si è via + +Il blocco dellp schermo scoraggia le persone a usare un computer incustodito. Durante il blocco dello schermo tutte le applicazioni e le attività restano aperte e viene visualizzato il salvaschermo scelto. +Lo schermo può essere bloccato in uno dei seguenti modi: + + + +Premete Lancia applicazioni KickoffEsciBlocca (Blocca lo schermo). + + +Premete AltCtrlL. + + +Fate clic col tasto destro del mouse in uno spazio vuoto del desktop e scegliete Blocca lo schermo. + + + +Modificare la scorciatoia del blocco dello schermo +Le scorciatoia possono essere modificate nelle Impostazioni di sistema sotto la voce Tastiera e mouse. Per accedere a queste impostazioni, selezionate nel menu a sinistra Scorciatoie globali della tastiera, nel menu a tendina del componente di KDE, selezionate Interfaccia al comando di esecuzione e scegliete Blocca sessione. + + +Aggiungere un pulsante per il blocco dello schermo al pannello +Al pannello può essere aggiunto un pulsante Blocca lo schermo per un blocco facile e veloce. Fate clic col tasto destro del mouse sul pannello, scegliete Aggiungi oggetti..., selezionate Blocca/Esci e trascinatelo nella posizione desiderata all'interno del pannello. + + +Per sbloccare lo schermo, muovete il mouse o premete un tasto. Inserite la password e premete il tasto Invio o il pulsante Sblocca. +Se il computer è condiviso da più utenti e lo schermo è bloccato da un utente, gli altri possono premere il pulsante Cambia utente... per sbloccare lo schermo del proprio account. Essi non sono in grado di accedere alle attività aperte negli account bloccati. Gli utenti con lo schermo bloccato possono tornare al proprio account e sbloccare il loro schermo non appena il computer ritorna ad essere disponibile. + + + +Configurare un firewall + +Guarddog è il firewall scelto in Kubuntu. Fate riferimento alla documentazione Rete e individuate la sezione Guarddog. + + + +Evitare seccature e illeciti su Internet + +Di tanto in tanto, i messaggi di posta elettronica veicolano virus o collegamenti a siti web fraudolenti. È importante imparare a gestire questi messaggi, per prevenire che il computer o le informazioni personali al suo interno vengano compromesse o utilizzate con frode. + +Tipicamente, tali messaggi sono inviati da estranei. Può capitare, tuttavia, che appaiano provenire da un conoscente fidato, sebbene quella persona non l'abbia in realtà inviato. Nei messaggi di posta elettronica è possibile includere un falso mittente. + +La posta indesiderata (non richiesta) si può inquadrare in diverse categorie: + + +I messaggi spam (spazzatura) con offerte e prodotti indesiderati + + + +I messaggi truffa, che chiedono aiuto per transazioni monetarie + + + +I messaggi di phishing che sembrano provenire da una banca o un altro servizio in linea, e che richiedono dettagli personali, finanziari o password + + +Di seguito vengono riportati alcuni consigli per mantenersi sicuri quando si è collegati a Internet: + + +Non rispondete mai a posta non richiesta né seguite i collegamenti contenuti al loro interno. Fare ciò potrebbe significare ricevere posta spazzatura in quantità ancora maggiore. + + + +Non fate mai clic su collegamenti contenuti nei messaggi di posta elettronica che conducono a siti web richiedenti password o informazioni simili. È possibile che il testo di un collegamento mostri un indirizzo, mentre il vero collegamento conduca a uno diverso (magari pericoloso). Anziché fare clic su un collegamento potenzialmente fuorviante, digitate l'indirizzo direttamente nel browser web. + + + +Quando visitate un sito web che chiede informazioni finanziarie, accertatevi che sia sicuro. Konqueror e Firefox sono due browser comunemente usati in Kubuntu. Entrambi hanno due aree che indicano se la pagina visualizzata è sicura. Nelle pagine web sicure, la barra dell'indirizzo deve presentare uno sfondo giallo e il simbolo di un lucchetto alla destra dell'indirizzo. La seconda area è situata nella barra di stato nella parte inferiore destra della finestra del browser. Se la pagina è sicura, in quest'area apparirà l'icona di un lucchetto. Se fate clic su uno qualsiasi dei lucchetti aprirete una finestra che indicherà il tipo di licenza e di sicurezza per quella pagina. + + + +Scaricate e avviate solo software da fonti affidabili. Per impostazione predefinita, il software può essere scaricato direttamente solo da Ubuntu. + + + + + +Create copie di sicurezza dei file + +Occasionalmente, gli utenti perdono le informazioni contenute nel computer. Le ragioni di questa perdita di dati imprevista possono essere diverse. Il problema della eliminazione accidentale di un file può essere collegato alla mancanza di corrente o un guasto del dispositivo. Fare regolari copie di sicurezza consente di recuperare file importanti, se accade un problema di questo genere. Raccomandiamo vivamente agli utenti di creare sempre copie di sicurezza. +Le copie di sicurezza dei file dovrebbero essere archiviate in un luogo diverso dal computer. In altre parole, l'archiviazione della copia di sicurezza si deve trovare in un luogo non collegato permanentemente al computer. Le opzioni includono: + +CD e DVD scrivibili +Dischi fissi esterni e dispositivi di memoria flash +Un altro computer sulla rete + +Un semplice metodo per creare una copia di sicurezza dei vostri file è copiarli manualmente in un luogo sicuro (vedere sopra) utilizzando i gestori di file Konqueror o Dolphin. +Un altro metodo per creare copie di sicurezza è usare Keep, una soluzione di creazione copie automatizzata per Kubuntu, preferita da molti veterani del sistema. Per installare il pacchetto Keep, fate riferimento al documento Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni per avere un aiuto. Una volta installato, avviate Keep da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniUtilitàKeep. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/km/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/km/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/km/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/km/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,522 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +សុវត្ថិភាព​<phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​នឹង​ពិពណ៌នា​អំពី​របៀប​ការពារ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​របស់​អ្នក​ពី​ការ​គំរាម​កំហែង​ផ្នែក​សុវត្ថិភាព ។ + +ម៉ន ម៉ែត, សេង សុត្ថាខឹម សុខែម + + +ធ្វើបច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​កុំព្យូទ័រ​របស់​អ្នក​ជា​ប្រចាំ + +យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ បច្ចុប្បន្នភាព​ នៅ​ក្រោម​ កម្មវិធី​បន្ថែម ។ + + + +ចាក់​សោ​អេក្រង់ ខណៈ​ពេល​មិន​នៅ​ជិត ។ + +ចាក់​សោ​អេក្រង់​ ដើម្បី​ការពារ​កុំ​ឲ្យ​គេ​ចូល​ប្រើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ កម្មវិធី និង​ការងារ​ទាំង​អស់​នៅ​តែ​បើក​ដដែល ខណៈ​ពេល​ដែល​អេក្រង់ជាប់​សោ​ ហើយ​ធាតុ​រក្សា​អេក្រង់​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើសនិង​បង្ហាញ​ឡើង ។ +អេក្រង់​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចាក់​សោ​តាម​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​មួយ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + + +ចុច​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffចាក​ចេញ​ចាក់​សោ​ (ចាក់​សោ​អេក្រង់​) ។ + + +ចុច​ ជំនួស​(Alt)បញ្ជា (Ctrl)L ។ + + +ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទៃ​ទំនេរ​លើ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ រួច​ជ្រើស​ ចាក់​សោ​អេក្រង់ ។ + + + +ប្តូរ​ផ្លូវ​កាត់​សម្រាប់​ចាក់​សោ​អេក្រង់ +ផ្លូវ​កាត់​ក្តារ​ចុច​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ការកំណត់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ក្រោម​ ក្តារ​ចុច​ & កណ្តុរ​ ។ ដើម្បី​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន ទៅ​កាន់​ Menu Bread Crumbs ។ ជ្រើស​ ផ្លូវ​កាត់​ក្តារ​ចុច​សកល នៅ​ក្នុង​ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ​របស់​សមាសភាគ​ KDE ជ្រើស​ រត់​ចំណុច​ប្រទាក់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា និង​រក​ទីតាំង​ ចាក់​សោសម័យ ។ + + +បន្ថែម​ប៊ូតុង​​ចាក់​សោ​អេក្រង់​​ទៅ​ផ្ទាំង +អាច​បន្ថែម​ប៊ូតុង​ ចាក់​សោ​អេក្រង់​ ទៅ​ ផ្ទាំង​ សម្រាប់​ការ​ចាក់សោ​អេក្រង់​ដែល​ងាយ​ស្រួល និង​រហ័ស​បាន​ ។ ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ​លើ​ ផ្ទាំង​ ជ្រើស​ បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ក្រាហ្វិក​... ជ្រើស​ ចាក់សោ​/ចេញ​ និង​អូស​វា​ទៅ​កាន់​ទីតាំង​ដែល​ត្រឹមត្រូវ​នៅ​លើ​ផ្ទាំង ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ដោះ​សោ​អេក្រង់ ផ្លាស់​ទី​កណ្តុរ​ ឬ​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ ។ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ រួច​ចុច​គ្រាប់​ចុច​ ត្រឡប់​ ឬ​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ដោះ​សោ ។ +បើ​​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ច្រើន​ជាង​ម្នាក់​មាន​គណនី​អ្នក​ប្រើ​នៅ​លើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​តែ​មួយ ហើយ​​អេក្រង់​ត្រូវ​បាន​ចាក់​សោ​ដោយ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ម្នាក់​ អ្នក​ប្រើ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​អាច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ ប្តូរ​​អ្នកប្រើ​... ដើម្បី​ដោះ​សោ​អេក្រង់​សម្រាប់​គណនី​ពួក​គេ​ផ្ទាល់ ។ ពួក​គេ​នឹង​មិន​អាច​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ការ​ងារ​ដែល​បាន​បើក​ក្នុង​ពេល​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​នៅ​ក្នុង​គណនី​ដែល​បាន​ជាប់​សោបាន​ទេ ។ អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​មាន​អេក្រង់​ជាប់​សោ​អាច​ប្តូរ​ត្រឡប់​ទៅ​កាន់​គណនី​របស់​ពួក​គេ និង​ដោះសោ​អេក្រង់​របស់​ពួក​គេ​ នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​កុំព្យូទ័រ​អាច​ប្រើបាន ។ + + + +រៀប​ចំ​ជញ្ជាំង​ភ្លើង + +Guarddog គឺ​ជា​ជញ្ជាំង​ភ្លើង​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ជ្រើស​សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុន​ទូ ។ សូម​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ឯកសារ​ ត​ជា​បណ្តាញ​ និង​រកទីតាំង​ផ្នែក​ Guarddog ។ + + + +ជៀស​វាង​ប្រើ​អ៊ីន​ធឺណិត​ក្នុង​ផ្លូវ​បង្កបញ្ហា និង​បទ​ល្មើស + +ពី​មួយ​ពេល​ទៅ​មួយ​ពេល សារ​អ៊ីមែល​ផ្ទុក​នូវ​មេរោគ ឬ​តំណទៅ​កាន់​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ដែល​បោក​ប្រាស់ ។ វា​ចាំបាច់​ណាស់ ដើម្បី​ស្វែង​យល់​ពី​របៀប​ដោះ​ស្រាយ​ជា​មួយ​សារ​ទាំង​នេះ ដើម្បី​ការ​ពារ​កុំ​ព្យូទ័រ ឬ​ព័ត៌មាន​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​ពី​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ខុស ឬ​ពីការ​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ខូច ។ + +ជា​ធម្មតា​ សារ​របៀប​នេះ​ច្រើន​តែ​ផ្ញើ​ដោយ​មនុស្ស​ចម្លែក​ ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា ជួន​កាល​អ៊ីមែល​ប្រភេទ​នេះ​បង្ហាញ​មក​ពី​ប្រភព​មនុស្ស​ដែល​ជិត​ដិត ទោះ​បី​ថាមនុស្ស​ម្នាក់​នោះ​មិន​បាន​ផ្ញើ​ក្តី ។ វា​អាច​រួម​បញ្ចូល​ទាំង​អាសយដ្ឋាន​អ៊ីមែល​អ្នក​ផ្ញើ​ដែល​បន្លំ​នៅ​ក្នុង​អ៊ីមែល​នេះ​ទៀត​ផង ។ + +សំបុត្រ​​ដែល​មិន​ត្រូវ​ការច្រើន​តែ​ធ្លាក់​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រភេទ​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​ប្រភេទ​ទាំង​បី​បួន ៖ + + +អ៊ីមែល​ឥត​បាន​ការ​ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ផលិត​ផល និង​សេវា​ដែល​មិន​ត្រូវ​ការ + + + +អ៊ីមែល​បោក​ប្រាស់​ដែល​សួរ​រក​ជំនួយ​ក្នុង​ការ​ប្តូរ​លុយ + + + +អ៊ីមែល​ក្លែង​ក្លាយ​ដែល​បង្ហាញ​ចេញ​ពី​ធនាគារ ឬសេវា​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ ដែល​សួរ​រក​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត​អំពី​ហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ និងព័ត៌មាន​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​ ឬ​ក៏​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ជា​ដើម ។ + + +ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​ជា​ព័ត៌មាន​ជំនួយ​ខ្លះ​ៗ​ សម្រាប់​រក្សា​សុវត្ថិភាព​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ ៖ + + +កុំ​ឆ្លើយ​តប​នឹង​សារ​ដែល​មិន​ទុក​ចិត្ត​ ឬ​ចុច​លើ​តំណ​ក្នុង​សំបុត្រ​ ។ ការ​ធ្វើ​ដូច្នេះ​ជា​ទូទៅ​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​មាន​អ៊ីមែល​ឥត​បាន​ការ​កាន់​តែ​ច្រើន​ ។ + + + +កុំ​ចុច​លើ​តំណ​ក្នុង​អ៊ីមែល​ ដែលនាំ​ទៅកាន់​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ដែល​សួរ​រក​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ឬ​ព័ត៌មាន​ដែល​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា ។ វា​ក៏​អាច​ទៅ​រួច​ផង​ដែរ​សម្រាប់​អត្ថបទ​តំណ ដើម្បី​បង្ហាញ​នូវ​អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​មួយ​ ប៉ុន្តែ​ការចុច​នៅ​លើ​តំណពិត​ជា​ត​ភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​កាន់​អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ (ដែល​អាច​នឹង​មាន​គ្រោះ​ថ្នាក់​) ។ ដើម្បី​ជៀស​វាង​ការ​ចុច​លើ​តំណ​ដែល​នាំ​ឲ្យ​យល់​ច្រលំ សូម​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​អាសយ​ដ្ឋាន​តំណ​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ ។ + + + +នៅ​ពេល​ចូល​ទស្សនា​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ ដែល​សួរ​រក​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ​ សូម​ប្រាកដ​ថា​វា​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព ។ Konqueror និង​ Firefox ជា​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​ពីរ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ជា​ទូទៅ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​ពីរ​មាន​ផ្ទៃ​ពីរ​ដែល​អាច​បង្ហាញ​​ថា​តើ​ទំព័រ​បច្ចុប្បន្ននេះ​​មាន​សុវត្ថិឬ​អត់​ ។ នៅ​លើ​ទំព័រ​បណ្តាញ​ដែល​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​ របារ​អាសយដ្ឋាន​នឹង​មាន​ផ្ទៃ​ខាង​ក្រោយ​ពណ៌​លឿង​ និង​មាន​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា​ជាប់​សោ​នៅ​ខាង​ស្តាំ​អាសយដ្ឋាន ។ ផ្ទៃ​ទី​ពីរ​ជា​របារ​ស្ថាន​ភាព​ដែល​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ខាង​ស្តាំ​ផ្នែក​ខាង​ក្រោម​នៃ​បង្អួច​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​ ។ បើ​ទំព័រ​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​ រូប​តំណាង​ជាប់​សោ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្ទៃ​នេះ ។ ការ​ចុច​នៅ​លើ​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា​ជាប់​សោ​ណា​មួយ​នឹង​បង្កើត​នូវ​ប្រអប់​ ដែល​ពន្យល់​អំពី​ប្រភេទ​នៃ​ការ​ចេញ​អាជ្ញា​បណ្ណ និងសុវត្ថិភាព​សម្រាប់​ទំព័រ​នោះ ។ + + + +ទាញ​យក និង​រត់​តែ​កម្មវិធី​មក​ពី​ប្រភព​ដែល​ទុក​ចិត្ត​ ។ តាមលំនាំដើម កម្មវិធី​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ទាញ​យក​ដោយ​ផ្ទាល់​តែ​ម្តង​ពី​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + + + +បង្កើត​ការ​បម្រុង​ទុក​ច្បាប់​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ + +យូរ​ៗ​ម្តង​ អ្នក​ប្រើ​អាច​បាត់​បង់​ព័ត៌មានអំពី​កុំព្យូទ័រ ។ អាច​មាន​មូលហេតុ​ជា​ច្រើន​ចំពោះ​ ការបាត់​បង់​ទិន្នន័យ​ ដែល​មិន​អាច​ស្មាន​ដល់ ។ បញ្ហា​អាច​បណ្តាល​មក​ពី​ការ​ដាច់​ភ្លើង​ ឬបញ្ហា​ផ្នែក​ឧបករណ៍ក្នុង​ការ​លុប​ឯកសារ​ដោយ​ចៃដន្យ ។ ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការ​បម្រុង​ទុក​ច្បាប់ច​ម្លង​ជា​ទៀង​ទាត់ បើ​សិន​មាន​បញ្ហា​កើត​ឡើង​ វា​អាច​នឹង​ទាញ​យក​ឯកសារ​សំខាន់​ៗ​មក​វិញ​បាន ។ អ្នក​ប្រើ​ត្រូវ​បាន​លើក​ទឹកចិត្ត​ឲ្យ​ធ្វើ​ការបម្រុង​ទុក​ពេញ​ទំហឹង​តែ​ម្តង​ ។ +ការ​បម្រុង​ទុក​ច្បាប់​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ​អាចនឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​រក្សា​ទុក​ដាច់​ដោយ​ឡែក​ពី​គ្នា​ពីកុំព្យូទ័រ ។ បើនិយាយ​ឲ្យ​ចំ​ទៅ​ កន្លែងផ្ទុក​ឯកសារ​បម្រុង​គួរ​តែ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ត្រង់​កន្លែង​ណា​មួយ​ ដែល​មិនត​ភ្ជាប់​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ជា​ប្រចាំ ។ ជម្រើស​រួម​មាន ៖ + +ស៊ីឌី និង​ឌីវីឌី​ដែល​អាច​សរសេរបាន +ថាស​រឹង​ខាងក្រៅ និង​ឧបករណ៍​ផ្ទុក​ចល័ត +កុំ​ព្យូទ័រ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ + +វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ដ៏​សាមញ្ញ​បំផុត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​បម្រុង​ទុក​ឯកសារ​ គឺ​ត្រូវ​ចម្លង​ពួក​វា​ដោយ​ដៃទៅ​កាន់​ទី​តាំង​ដែល​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព (មើល​ខាង​លើ​) ដោយ​ប្រើ​ Konqueror ឬ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ​ Dolphin ។ +វិធីសាស្ត្រ​បម្រុង​ទុក​មួយ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​គឺ Keep ​ជា​ដំណោះ​ស្រាយ​បម្រុង​ទុក​ គូប៊ុនទូ ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ ដែល​និយម​ដោយអ្នក​ប្រើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ជាច្រើន​។ ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ Keep ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​អំពី​ការដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី សូម​យោង​ទៅកាន់​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ ។ នៅ​ពេល​ដំឡើង​ហើយ​ អាច​បើកដំណើរការ​Keep បាន​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីឧបករណ៍​ប្រើប្រាស់​Keep ។ + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/oc/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/oc/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/oc/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/oc/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,626 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Security +&legalnotice; + + +Aquesta seccion descriu cossí manténer la seguretat de vòstre ordenador vis a vis de las menaças potencialas. + + + + +Gardar vòstre ordenador a jorn + + +Refer to Updates under the Adding +Applications documentation. + + + + +Locking the screen while away + + +Locking the screen discourages people from accessing an unattended computer. All +applications and work remain open while the screen is locked, and the selected +screensaver is displayed. + + +The screen can be locked in one of the following ways: + + + + +Clicatz sus l'aviador d'aplicacions KickoffQuitarVarrolhar (Varrolhar l'ecran). + + + +Press + +Alt +Ctrl +L +. + + + + +Right-click in an empty space on the desktop and +choose Lock Screen. + + + + +Change lock screen shortcut + +Keyboard shortcuts can be changed in System Settings +under the Keyboard & Mouse. To access these settings, +go to Menu Bread Crumbs. Select Global Keyboard Shortcuts, +in the KDE component dropdown, select Run Command Interface +and locate Lock Session. + + + +Adding a lock screen button to the panel + +A Lock Screen button can be added to the +Panel for quick and easy screen locking. Right-click +the Panel, select Add +Widgets..., select Lock/Logout and drag it +to the proper location on the Panel. + + + + +To unlock the screen, move the mouse or press a key. Enter the password, and +either press the Return key or press the +Unlock button. + + +If more than one person has a user account on the computer and the screen is +locked by one user, other users can press the Switch +user... button to unlock the screen for their own accounts. They +will not be able to access currently-open work in locked accounts. Users with +locked screens can switch back to their own accounts and unlock their screens +when the computer becomes available. + + + + +Configurar un parafuòc + + +Guarddog is the firewall of choice for Kubuntu. +Please review the Networking +documentation and locate the Guarddog section. + + + + +Evitar las geinas e la criminalitat sus Internet + +From time to time, email messages carry viruses or links to fraudulent +websites. It is important to learn how to deal with these messages, in order to +prevent the computer or personal information from being compromised or misused. + + + +Typically such messages are sent by strangers. However, sometimes this type of +email appears to be from a trusted acquaintance, even though that person did not +really send it. It is possible to include a fake sender email address in emails. + + + +Unwanted (unsolicited) mail tends to fall into one of several categories: + + + + +Spam (junk) email with offers for unwanted services and products + + + + + +Scam emails asking for help in exchange for money + + + + + +Phishing email that appears to be from a bank or other online service, asking +for personal and financial details, or passwords + + + +Aquí qualques conselhs per utilizar l'Internet en seguretat : + + + +Never reply to unsolicited mail or click on the links in the mail. Doing so +usually results in more junk email. + + + + + +Never click on links in emails that lead to websites asking for passwords or +similar information. It is possible for the text of the link to show one +address, but clicking on the link actually connects to a different (possibly +dangerous) address. Instead of clicking a potentially misleading link, type the +link address directly into a web browser. + + + + + +When visiting a website that asks for financial information, ensure that it is +secure. Konqueror and +Firefox are two browsers commonly used in Kubuntu. +Both have two areas that indicate if the current page is secure. On secure +webpages, the address bar will have a yellow background and a lock +symbol to the right of the address. The second area is the status bar located at +the bottom right of the browser window. If the page is secure, a lock icon will +appear in this area. Clicking on either of the lock symbols will produce a +dialog that explains the type of licensing and security for that page. + + + + + +Only download and run software from trusted sources. By default, software can +only be downloaded directly from Ubuntu. + + + + + + +Make backup copies of files + + +Occasionally users lose computer information. There are many possible causes +for such unforeseen data loss. The problem could be +anything from a power loss or equipment failure to accidentally deleting a file. +With regular backup copies, if a problem should occur, it may be possible +to retrieve important files. Users are strongly encouraged to make backups. + + +Backup copies of files should be stored separately from the computer. In other +words, backup file storage should be located somewhere that is not permanently +attached to the computer. Options include: + + +CDs e DVDs enregistrables +Disques durs extèrnes e periferics de memòria flash +Un autre ordenador sus la ret + + +A simple way of backing up your files is to copy them manually to a safe +location (see above) by using the Konqueror or +Dolphin file manager. + + +Another backup method is Keep, an automated Kubuntu +backup solution, preferred by many Kubuntu veterans. To install the +Keep package, please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. Once installed, +Keep can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsUtilitiesKeep. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/pt_BR/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/pt_BR/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/pt_BR/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/pt_BR/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,522 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Segurança do <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +Esta seção descreve como manter o seu computador seguro contra ameaças. + + + + +Mantendo seu computador atualizado + +Visite Atualizações localizado na documentação: Adicionar aplicativos. + + + +Bloquear a tela quando precisar sair + +Bloquear a tela impede que pessoas não desejadas tenha acesso ao computador. Todos aplicativos e trabalho, permanecem abertos quando a tela está bloqueada, e a proteção de tela padrão é executada. +A tela pode ser bloqueada das seguintes formas: + + + +Clique em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffSairTravar (bloquear a tela). + + +Pressione AltCtrlL. + + +Clique direito em um espaço em branco da área de trabalho e escolha Bloquear a tela. + + + +Alterar o atalho para bloquear de tela +Atalhos do teclado podem ser alterados em Configurações do Sistema e Teclado & Mouse. Para acessar essas configurações, vá até o Menu BreadCrumbs. Selecione Atalhos Globais do Teclado, na caixa de seleção do KDE, selecione Executar Comando e localize Bloquear Sessão. + + +Adicionar um botão para bloquear de tela ao painel +Um botão de Bloquear tela pode ser adicionado ao Painel para bloquear a tela fácil e rapidamente. Clique com o botão direito no Painel, selecione Adicionar Widgets..., selecione Bloquear/Encerrar sessão e arraste para o local apropriado no painel. + + +Para destravar a tela, movimente o mouse ou pressione alguma tecla. Digite sua senha, e pressione Enter ou clique no botão Destravar. +Se mais de uma pessoa possui uma conta de usuário no computador e a tela está bloqueada por um usuário, outros usuários podem pressionar o botão Alternar usuário... para desbloquear a tela para suas próprias contas. Eles não poderão acessar as contas bloqueadas que estiverem abertas. Usuários com a tela bloqueada podem voltar para suas contas e desbloquear suas telas quando o computador estiver disponível. + + + +Ligar um firewall + +Guarddog é o firewall escolhido para o Kubuntu. Por favor veja a documentação Rede e procure pela seção Guarddog. + + + +Evitando perturbações e crimes na Internet + +Com frequência, mensagens eletrônicas carregam vírus ou atalhos para sites fraudulentos. É importante saber lidar com essas mensagens, a fim de evitar que o computador ou suas informações pessoais sejam comprometidas ou mal utilizadas. + +Geralmente essa mensagens são enviadas por desconhecidos. Entretanto, algumas vezes esse tipo de e-mail parece ser de algum conhecido confiável, mesmo que esta pessoa não tenha enviado. É possível incluir um remetente falso em e-mails + +E-mails não solicitados são classificados geralmente como: + + +E-mails de spam é aqueles com ofertas e serviços de produtos que nunca foram solicitados. + + + +E-mails de scam é aqueles que solicitam ajuda em troca de dinheiro + + + +E-mails de phishing são aqueles que se fazem passar por bancos, ou outros serviços online, e solicitam dados pessoais, dados financeiros, ou senhas. + + +Abaixo seguem algumas dicas para manter a segurança on-line: + + +Nunca responda a um e-mail não solicitado, ou clique em um de seus atalhos. Fazendo isso, você evita que mais e-mails não solicitados lhe sejam enviados. + + + +Nunca clique em links de e-mails que levam a sites pedindo senhas ou informações semelhantes. É possível que o texto do link mostre um endereço, mas ao clicar irá para outro endereço (possivelmente perigoso). Ao invés de clicar em um link provavelmente enganoso, digite o endereço no seu navegador. + + + +Ao visitar sites que pedem informações financeiras, certifique-se que é seguro. Konqueror e Firefox são dois navegadores comumente usados no Kubuntu. Ambos têm duas áreas que indicam se a página é segura. Em páginas seguras, a barra de endereços terá um fundo amarelo e o símbolo de um cadeado do lado direito do endereço. A segunda área é a barra de status localizada na parte inferior direita da janela do navegador. Se a página for segura, o ícone de um cadeado aparecerá nessa área. Clicando em cada um dos símbolos exibirá uma janela que explica o tipo de licença e segurança da página. + + + +Somente baixe e execute programas de fontes confiáveis. Por padrão, os programas só podem ser baixados diretamente do Ubuntu. + + + + + +Faça cópias de segurança de arquivos + +Ocasionalmente usuários perdem informações do computador. Existem muitas causas possíveis para isso data loss. O problema pode ser qualquer coisa, desde queda de energia ou apagar acidentalmente um arquivo. Com cópias de backup regulares, se um problema ocorrer, talvez seja possível recuperar arquivos importantes. É muito recomendado que usuários façam cópia de segurança. +Arquivos de cópia de segurança devem ser guardados fora do computador. Em outras palavras, os arquivos de cópia de segurança devem ser armazenados em algum lugar onde não fiquem estritamente vinculados ao computador. Opções incluem: + +CDs e DVDs Gravavéis +Dispositivos de disco rígido externo e memória flash +Outro computador na rede + +Um jeito simples de fazer cópia de segurança dos seus arquivos é copiando manualmente para um local seguro (veja acima) usando o Konqueror ou o gerenciador de arquivos Dolphin. +Outro método de fazer cópia de segurança é com o Keep, uma solução automática de cópias de segurança do Kubuntu, preferida por muitos dos veteranos do Kubuntu. Para instalar o pacote Keep, por favor veja a documentação Adicionando aplicativos para mais ajuda sobre instalar aplicativos. Quando estiver instalado, Keep pode ser iniciado indo em Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosUtilitáriosKeep. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/sk/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/sk/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/sk/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/sk/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,630 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Security +&legalnotice; + + + +This section describes how to keep your computer safe from security threats. + + + + + +Keeping your computer updated + + +Refer to Updates under the Adding +Applications documentation. + + + + +Locking the screen while away + + +Locking the screen discourages people from accessing an unattended computer. All +applications and work remain open while the screen is locked, and the selected +screensaver is displayed. + + +The screen can be locked in one of the following ways: + + + + + +Press Kickoff Application LauncherLeaveLock (Lock the screen). + + + + +Press + +Alt +Ctrl +L +. + + + + +Right-click in an empty space on the desktop and +choose Lock Screen. + + + + +Change lock screen shortcut + +Keyboard shortcuts can be changed in System Settings +under the Keyboard & Mouse. To access these settings, +go to Menu Bread Crumbs. Select Global Keyboard Shortcuts, +in the KDE component dropdown, select Run Command Interface +and locate Lock Session. + + + +Adding a lock screen button to the panel + +A Lock Screen button can be added to the +Panel for quick and easy screen locking. Right-click +the Panel, select Add +Widgets..., select Lock/Logout and drag it +to the proper location on the Panel. + + + + +To unlock the screen, move the mouse or press a key. Enter the password, and +either press the Return key or press the +Unlock button. + + +If more than one person has a user account on the computer and the screen is +locked by one user, other users can press the Switch +user... button to unlock the screen for their own accounts. They +will not be able to access currently-open work in locked accounts. Users with +locked screens can switch back to their own accounts and unlock their screens +when the computer becomes available. + + + + +Set up a firewall + + +Guarddog is the firewall of choice for Kubuntu. +Please review the Networking +documentation and locate the Guarddog section. + + + + +Avoid Internet nuisances and crime + +From time to time, email messages carry viruses or links to fraudulent +websites. It is important to learn how to deal with these messages, in order to +prevent the computer or personal information from being compromised or misused. + + + +Typically such messages are sent by strangers. However, sometimes this type of +email appears to be from a trusted acquaintance, even though that person did not +really send it. It is possible to include a fake sender email address in emails. + + + +Unwanted (unsolicited) mail tends to fall into one of several categories: + + + + +Spam (junk) email with offers for unwanted services and products + + + + + +Scam emails asking for help in exchange for money + + + + + +Phishing email that appears to be from a bank or other online service, asking +for personal and financial details, or passwords + + + +Below are some tips for keeping safe online: + + + +Never reply to unsolicited mail or click on the links in the mail. Doing so +usually results in more junk email. + + + + + +Never click on links in emails that lead to websites asking for passwords or +similar information. It is possible for the text of the link to show one +address, but clicking on the link actually connects to a different (possibly +dangerous) address. Instead of clicking a potentially misleading link, type the +link address directly into a web browser. + + + + + +When visiting a website that asks for financial information, ensure that it is +secure. Konqueror and +Firefox are two browsers commonly used in Kubuntu. +Both have two areas that indicate if the current page is secure. On secure +webpages, the address bar will have a yellow background and a lock +symbol to the right of the address. The second area is the status bar located at +the bottom right of the browser window. If the page is secure, a lock icon will +appear in this area. Clicking on either of the lock symbols will produce a +dialog that explains the type of licensing and security for that page. + + + + + +Only download and run software from trusted sources. By default, software can +only be downloaded directly from Ubuntu. + + + + + + +Make backup copies of files + + +Occasionally users lose computer information. There are many possible causes +for such unforeseen data loss. The problem could be +anything from a power loss or equipment failure to accidentally deleting a file. +With regular backup copies, if a problem should occur, it may be possible +to retrieve important files. Users are strongly encouraged to make backups. + + +Backup copies of files should be stored separately from the computer. In other +words, backup file storage should be located somewhere that is not permanently +attached to the computer. Options include: + + +Writable CDs and DVDs +External hard disks and flash memory devices +Another computer on the network + + +A simple way of backing up your files is to copy them manually to a safe +location (see above) by using the Konqueror or +Dolphin file manager. + + +Another backup method is Keep, an automated Kubuntu +backup solution, preferred by many Kubuntu veterans. To install the +Keep package, please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. Once installed, +Keep can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsUtilitiesKeep. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/sr/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/sr/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/sr/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/sr/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,630 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Security +&legalnotice; + + + +This section describes how to keep your computer safe from security threats. + + + + + +Keeping your computer updated + + +Refer to Updates under the Adding +Applications documentation. + + + + +Locking the screen while away + + +Locking the screen discourages people from accessing an unattended computer. All +applications and work remain open while the screen is locked, and the selected +screensaver is displayed. + + +The screen can be locked in one of the following ways: + + + + + +Press Kickoff Application LauncherLeaveLock (Lock the screen). + + + + +Press + +Alt +Ctrl +L +. + + + + +Right-click in an empty space on the desktop and +choose Lock Screen. + + + + +Change lock screen shortcut + +Keyboard shortcuts can be changed in System Settings +under the Keyboard & Mouse. To access these settings, +go to Menu Bread Crumbs. Select Global Keyboard Shortcuts, +in the KDE component dropdown, select Run Command Interface +and locate Lock Session. + + + +Adding a lock screen button to the panel + +A Lock Screen button can be added to the +Panel for quick and easy screen locking. Right-click +the Panel, select Add +Widgets..., select Lock/Logout and drag it +to the proper location on the Panel. + + + + +To unlock the screen, move the mouse or press a key. Enter the password, and +either press the Return key or press the +Unlock button. + + +If more than one person has a user account on the computer and the screen is +locked by one user, other users can press the Switch +user... button to unlock the screen for their own accounts. They +will not be able to access currently-open work in locked accounts. Users with +locked screens can switch back to their own accounts and unlock their screens +when the computer becomes available. + + + + +Set up a firewall + + +Guarddog is the firewall of choice for Kubuntu. +Please review the Networking +documentation and locate the Guarddog section. + + + + +Avoid Internet nuisances and crime + +From time to time, email messages carry viruses or links to fraudulent +websites. It is important to learn how to deal with these messages, in order to +prevent the computer or personal information from being compromised or misused. + + + +Typically such messages are sent by strangers. However, sometimes this type of +email appears to be from a trusted acquaintance, even though that person did not +really send it. It is possible to include a fake sender email address in emails. + + + +Unwanted (unsolicited) mail tends to fall into one of several categories: + + + + +Spam (junk) email with offers for unwanted services and products + + + + + +Scam emails asking for help in exchange for money + + + + + +Phishing email that appears to be from a bank or other online service, asking +for personal and financial details, or passwords + + + +Below are some tips for keeping safe online: + + + +Never reply to unsolicited mail or click on the links in the mail. Doing so +usually results in more junk email. + + + + + +Never click on links in emails that lead to websites asking for passwords or +similar information. It is possible for the text of the link to show one +address, but clicking on the link actually connects to a different (possibly +dangerous) address. Instead of clicking a potentially misleading link, type the +link address directly into a web browser. + + + + + +When visiting a website that asks for financial information, ensure that it is +secure. Konqueror and +Firefox are two browsers commonly used in Kubuntu. +Both have two areas that indicate if the current page is secure. On secure +webpages, the address bar will have a yellow background and a lock +symbol to the right of the address. The second area is the status bar located at +the bottom right of the browser window. If the page is secure, a lock icon will +appear in this area. Clicking on either of the lock symbols will produce a +dialog that explains the type of licensing and security for that page. + + + + + +Only download and run software from trusted sources. By default, software can +only be downloaded directly from Ubuntu. + + + + + + +Make backup copies of files + + +Occasionally users lose computer information. There are many possible causes +for such unforeseen data loss. The problem could be +anything from a power loss or equipment failure to accidentally deleting a file. +With regular backup copies, if a problem should occur, it may be possible +to retrieve important files. Users are strongly encouraged to make backups. + + +Backup copies of files should be stored separately from the computer. In other +words, backup file storage should be located somewhere that is not permanently +attached to the computer. Options include: + + +Writable CDs and DVDs +External hard disks and flash memory devices +Another computer on the network + + +A simple way of backing up your files is to copy them manually to a safe +location (see above) by using the Konqueror or +Dolphin file manager. + + +Another backup method is Keep, an automated Kubuntu +backup solution, preferred by many Kubuntu veterans. To install the +Keep package, please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. Once installed, +Keep can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsUtilitiesKeep. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/sv/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/sv/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/sv/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/sv/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,617 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Säkerhet i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +Det här avsnittet beskriver hur du håller din dator säker från säkerhetshot. + + + + +Håll din dator uppdaterad + + +Refer to Updates under the Adding +Applications documentation. + + + + +Lås skärmen när du inte sitter vid datorn + + +Locking the screen discourages people from accessing an unattended computer. All +applications and work remain open while the screen is locked, and the selected +screensaver is displayed. + +Skärmen kan låsas på ett av följande sätt: + + + +Tryck Kickoff programstartAvslutaLås (Lås skärmen). + + +Tryck AltCtrlL. + + + +Right-click in an empty space on the desktop and +choose Lock Screen. + + + + +Change lock screen shortcut + +Keyboard shortcuts can be changed in System Settings +under the Keyboard & Mouse. To access these settings, +go to Menu Bread Crumbs. Select Global Keyboard Shortcuts, +in the KDE component dropdown, select Run Command Interface +and locate Lock Session. + + + +Adding a lock screen button to the panel + +A Lock Screen button can be added to the +Panel for quick and easy screen locking. Right-click +the Panel, select Add +Widgets..., select Lock/Logout and drag it +to the proper location on the Panel. + + + + +To unlock the screen, move the mouse or press a key. Enter the password, and +either press the Return key or press the +Unlock button. + + +If more than one person has a user account on the computer and the screen is +locked by one user, other users can press the Switch +user... button to unlock the screen for their own accounts. They +will not be able to access currently-open work in locked accounts. Users with +locked screens can switch back to their own accounts and unlock their screens +when the computer becomes available. + + + + +Konfigurera en brandvägg + + +Guarddog is the firewall of choice for Kubuntu. +Please review the Networking +documentation and locate the Guarddog section. + + + + +Undvik elände och databrott på Internet + +From time to time, email messages carry viruses or links to fraudulent +websites. It is important to learn how to deal with these messages, in order to +prevent the computer or personal information from being compromised or misused. + + + +Typically such messages are sent by strangers. However, sometimes this type of +email appears to be from a trusted acquaintance, even though that person did not +really send it. It is possible to include a fake sender email address in emails. + + + +Unwanted (unsolicited) mail tends to fall into one of several categories: + + + + +Spam (junk) email with offers for unwanted services and products + + + + + +Scam emails asking for help in exchange for money + + + + + +Phishing email that appears to be from a bank or other online service, asking +for personal and financial details, or passwords + + + +Nedan är några tips på hur man håller sig säker på nätet: + + + +Never reply to unsolicited mail or click on the links in the mail. Doing so +usually results in more junk email. + + + + + +Never click on links in emails that lead to websites asking for passwords or +similar information. It is possible for the text of the link to show one +address, but clicking on the link actually connects to a different (possibly +dangerous) address. Instead of clicking a potentially misleading link, type the +link address directly into a web browser. + + + + + +When visiting a website that asks for financial information, ensure that it is +secure. Konqueror and +Firefox are two browsers commonly used in Kubuntu. +Both have two areas that indicate if the current page is secure. On secure +webpages, the address bar will have a yellow background and a lock +symbol to the right of the address. The second area is the status bar located at +the bottom right of the browser window. If the page is secure, a lock icon will +appear in this area. Clicking on either of the lock symbols will produce a +dialog that explains the type of licensing and security for that page. + + + + + +Only download and run software from trusted sources. By default, software can +only be downloaded directly from Ubuntu. + + + + + + +Gör säkerhetskopior av viktiga filer + + +Occasionally users lose computer information. There are many possible causes +for such unforeseen data loss. The problem could be +anything from a power loss or equipment failure to accidentally deleting a file. +With regular backup copies, if a problem should occur, it may be possible +to retrieve important files. Users are strongly encouraged to make backups. + + +Backup copies of files should be stored separately from the computer. In other +words, backup file storage should be located somewhere that is not permanently +attached to the computer. Options include: + + +Skrivbara CD- och DVD-skivor +Externa hårddiskar och minneskort +En annan dator på nätverket + + +A simple way of backing up your files is to copy them manually to a safe +location (see above) by using the Konqueror or +Dolphin file manager. + + +Another backup method is Keep, an automated Kubuntu +backup solution, preferred by many Kubuntu veterans. To install the +Keep package, please refer to the Adding Applications +document for help on installing applications. Once installed, +Keep can be launched by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsUtilitiesKeep. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/uk/security.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/uk/security.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/security/uk/security.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/security/uk/security.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,522 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Захист <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +У цьому розділі описано способи захисту вашого комп’ютера від стороннього втручання. + + + + +Як підтримувати актуальність програмного забезпечення? + +Зверніться до розділу Оновлення документації щодо додавання програм. + + + +Блокування екрана на час вашої відсутності + +Блокування екрана запобігає несанкціонованому доступу сторонніх осіб до вашого робочого місця. Всі програми продовжуватимуть працювати, виконана вами робота залишатиметься недоторканною, але доступ до комп’ютера буде заборонено. Замість зображення вікон програм система показуватиме зображення вказаного вами зберігача екрана. +Екран можна заблокувати у один з таких способів: + + + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню інструменту для запуску програм KickoffВийтиЗаблокувати (Заблокувати екран). + + +Натисніть комбінацію клавіш AltCtrlL. + + +Наведіть вказівник миші на порожнє місце на екрані, клацніть правою кнопкою миші і виберіть у контекстному меню пункт Заблокувати екран. + + + +Зміна клавіатурного скорочення для блокування екрана +Внести зміни до клавіатурних скорочень можна за допомогою програми Системні параметри: сторінка Клавіатура і миша. Щоб дістатися сторінки параметрів, скористайтеся послідовним переходом у меню. Виберіть Загальні клавіатурні скорочення у спадному списку компонентів KDE, виберіть пункт Інтерфейс запуску команд і вкажіть Заблокувати сеанс. + + +Додавання кнопки блокування екрана на панель +Кнопку Заблокувати екран можна додати на Панель для пришвидшення та спрощення блокування екрана. Наведіть вказівник миші на Панель, клацніть правою кнопкою миші і виберіть у контекстному меню пункт Додати віджети..., виберіть кнопку Заблокувати/Вийти і перетягніть її на належне місце на панелі. + + +Щоб розблокувати екран, пересуньте мишу або натисніть будь-яку клавішу. Введіть пароль і або натисніть клавішу Enter, або кнопку Розблокувати. +Якщо на комп’ютері створено облікові записи для декількох осіб, а екран було заблоковано одним користувачем, інші користувачі можуть натиснути кнопку Перемкнути користувача..., щоб розблокувати екран для власних облікових записів, але такі користувачі не отримають доступу до поточної відкритої роботи на заблокованих облікових записах. Користувачі з заблокованими сеансами можуть перемкнутися до свого облікового запису і розблокувати екран, коли робоче місце буде звільнено попередніми користувачами. + + + +Налаштування брандмауера + +Типовим брандмауером Kubuntu є Guarddog. Щоб дізнатися більше, зверніться до документації, присвяченої роботі у мережі, а саме розділу, присвяченого Guarddog. + + + +Захист від спаму та інтернет-злочинців + +Час від часу до вашої скриньки можуть надходити повідомлення електронної пошти, що містять віруси або посилання на шахрайські веб-сайти. Важливою для захисту вашого комп’ютера та особистих даних від неналежного використання є стратегія поводження з такими повідомленнями. + +Типово, такі повідомлення надходять від незнайомців, але іноді такого типу повідомлення виглядають точнісінько як повідомлення з надійних джерел, хоча звідти їх ніколи і не надсилали. Насправді, адресу відправника повідомлення доволі просто підробити. + +Небажану кореспонденцію можна розподілити на декілька категорій: + + +Небажана реклама (спам) що непотрібних вам товарів та послуг + + + +Повідомлення від шахраїв, у яких вони просять допомоги у пересиланні грошей + + + +Шахрайські повідомлення, у яких злочинці представляються вам співробітниками банківських чи мережевих установ і просять надати дані особистних рахунків, облікових записів, паролі (фішинґ). + + +Ось деякі поради, як вберегтися в мережі: + + +Ніколи не відповідайте на повідомлення, яких ви не очікували, і не натискайте посилань у таких повідомленнях. Якщо ви наважитеся порушити ці настанови, результатом може стати збільшення потоку небажаної кореспонденції до вашої скриньки. + + + +Ніколи не натискайте посилань у повідомленнях електронної пошти, які ведуть на форми введення паролів або іншої подібної інформації. Все можна облаштувати таким чином, що ви бачитимете у посиланні одну адресу, а в результаті натискання посилання перейдете за зовсім іншою (ймовірно, шахрайською) адресою. Замість натискання потенційно небезпечних посилань введіть адресу у відповідний рядок програми для перегляду Інтернету напряму або шляхом копіювання. + + + +Якщо ви відвідуєте веб-сайт, на якому вас просять ввести якісь дані щодо ваших кредитних рахунків, переконайтеся, що введення таких даних буде безпечним. Типово, у Kubuntu для перегляду Інтернету використовують Konqueror або Firefox. У обох цих програмах передбачено позначки для повідомлення щодо безпеки сторінки. На безпечних веб-сторінках тло смужки адреси буде жовтим, а у правій його частині буде показано замок. Крім того, за безпекою можна слідкувати за допомогою смужки стану, а саме правої нижньої частини вікна програми. Якщо сторінка є безпечною, у цій області ви побачите піктограму замка. Якщо ви натиснете будь-яку з піктограм з замком, програма покаже діалогове вікно з поясненнями щодо типу ліцензування та способу захисту сторінки. + + + +Звантажуйте і запускайте програмне забезпечення лише з надійних джерел. Типово, програмне забезпечення можна звантажувати безпосередньо зі сховищ Ubuntu. + + + + + +Створюйте резервні копії файлів + +Іноді комп’ютерні дані втрачаються. Існує багато причин, які можуть призвести до таких непередбачених втрат даних. Причиною може бути все, що завгодно, від проблем з живленням і виходу з ладу обладнання до випадкового вилучення файла. Якщо ви регулярно створюватимете резервні копії даних, у разі виникнення проблем ви зможете відновити важливі для вас файли. Ми наполегливо рекомендуємо користувачам створювати резервні копії. +Резервні копії файлів слід зберігати окремо від самого комп’ютера з основними даними. Іншими словами, сховище резервних файлів має знаходитися на якомусь носії, який не з’єднано з комп’ютером на постійній основі. Можливі варіанти: + +Записувані компакт-диски та DVD +Зовнішні жорсткі диски і пристрої флеш-пам'яті +Інший комп'ютер в мережі + +Простим способом створення резервних копій ваших файлів є копіювання їх вручну до безпечного сховища (див. вище) за допомогою програм для керування файлами Konqueror або Dolphin. +Ще одним способом створення резервних копій даних є використання програми Keep, програми для автоматичного створення резервних копій у Kubuntu. Цій програмі надають перевагу багато ветеранів Kubuntu. Настанови щодо встановлення пакунка Keep можна знайти у розділі додавання програм. Після встановлення Keep можна запустити за допомогою пункту меню інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнструментиKeep. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/de/sharing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/de/sharing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/de/sharing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/de/sharing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1371 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Systemübergreifender Dateiaustausch mit <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument erklärt, wie man Dateien zwischen Kubuntu und Windows teilt. + + + + +Einleitung + +Rechner-Netzwerke umfassen in der Praxis häufig auch unterschiedliche Systeme. Beispielsweise Kubuntu-Rechner neben MicrosoftWindows-Systemen, die zusammen arbeiten. Dieser Bereich des Kubuntu-Server-Handbuchs stellt Richtlinien und Werkzeuge vor, die genutzt werden, um zwischen Kubuntu-Servern und Windows-Rechnern Ressourcen zu teilen. + +Erfolgreiches Vernetzen eines Kubuntu-Systems mit Windows-Clients beinhaltet das Bereitstellen und Integrieren von Diensten aus Windows-Umgebungen. Diese Dienste ermöglichen den Austausch von Daten und Informationen über die Rechner und Benutzer im Netzwerk und können in drei Kategorien eingeteilt werden: + + + +Datei- und Druckerfreigabedienst. Das Protokoll „Server Message Block“ (SMB) wird genutzt um Dateien, Ordner, Laufwerke und Drucker im Netzwerk freizugeben. + + +Verzeichnisdienste. Grundlegende Informationen über die Rechner und Benutzer im Netzwerk werden mit Technologien wie dem Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) und Microsofts Active Directory geteilt. + + +Authentifizierung und Zugriff. Es ist notwendig die Identität eines Rechners oder eines Benutzers sicherzustellen, damit man feststellen kann, aus welche Informationen der Rechner oder Benutzer Zugriff hat. Authentifizierung und Zugriff benutzen Prinzipien und Technologien wie Dateiberechtigungen, Gruppenrichtlinien und den Kerberos-Authentifizierungsdienst. + + + +Ein Kubuntu-System kann all diese Ressourcen für Windows-Clients zur Verfügung stellen und das Teilen von Netzwerkressourcen mit ihnen ermöglichen. Einer der Software-Hauptbestandteile in Kubuntu für Netzwerke mit Windows-Systemen ist die Samba-Programmfamilie mit SMB-Serveranwendungen und -Werkzeugen. + +Dieser Abschnitt des Kubuntu-Server-Handbuchs wird einige Szenarien darstellen, in denen Samba normalerweise genutzt wird, und wie Sie die nötigen Pakete installieren und einrichten können. Zusätzliche detaillierte Dokumentation und Informationen über Samba können auf der Samba-Website gefunden werden. + + + +Samba-Datei–Server + +Die am häufigsten genutzte Möglichkeit Kubuntu- und Windows-Rechner via Netzwerk zu verbinden ist es, Samba als Dateiserver einzurichten. Dieser Abschnitt beschreibt, wie man einen Samba-Server aufsetzt, der Dateien für Windows-Clients freigibt. + +Der Server wird so eingerichtet, dass alle Dateien so freigegeben werden, dass alle Clients im Netzwerk Zugriff haben, ohne dass nach einem Passwort gefragt wird. Wenn die Umgebung einen strengeren Umgang mit Zugangskontrollen erfordert, sehen Sie sich bitte an. + + +Installation + +Der erste Schritt ist das Installieren des Software-Paketes samba. Geben Sie in einem Terminal ein: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +Das war’s schon. Samba ist jetzt bereit, um für die Dateifreigabe eingerichtet zu werden. + + + +Einrichtung + +Die Samba-Hauptkonfiguration liegt unter /etc/samba/smb.conf. Die Standardkonfiguration ist umfassend kommentiert, um die verschiedenen Konfigurationseinstellungen zu dokumentieren. + +Nicht alle verfügbaren Optionen sind in der vorgegebenen Konfigurationsdatei enthalten. Weitere Informationen dazu finden Sie auf der smb.conf-Handbuchseite (Man Page) oder in der Samba-HOWTO-Sammlung (englisch). + + + + + +Ändern Sie die Folgenden Schlüssel/Wert-Paare im Abschnitt [global] in der /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + +workgroup = BEISPIEL +... +security = user + + +Der security-Parameter weiter unten im Abschnitt [global] ist standardmäßig auskommentiert. Ändern Sie BEISPIEL Ihrer Umgebung entsprechend. + + + + +Erstellen Sie einen neuen Abschnitt am Ende der Datei oder entfernen Sie die Kommentarzeichen bei einem der Beispiele für das freizugebende Verzeichnis: + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu-Dateiserver-Freigabe +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + +comment: Eine kurze Beschreibung für die Freigabe. Passen Sie sie wie gewünscht an. + + +path: Der Pfad zum freizugebenden Ordner. +Dieses Beispiel nutzt /srv/samba/sharename, da gemäß dem Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) /srv der Ort ist, an dem Daten von Netzwerkdiensten gespeichert werden sollten. Technisch gesehen können Samba-Freigaben überall im Dateisystem liegen, solange die Berechtigungen stimmen, allerdings wird empfohlen, sich an die Standards zu halten. + + +browsable: Ermöglicht Windows-Rechnern das Durchsuchen des freigegebenen Ordners mit dem Windows-Explorer. + + +guest ok: Gestattet Rechnern den Zugriff auf die Freigabe ohne die Angabe eines Passwortes. + + +read only: Legt fest, ob in der Freigabe nur Leserechte bestehen oder auch Schreibrechte gewährt werden. Schreibrechte werden gewährt, wenn der Wert wie im Beispiel no ist. Wenn der Wert auf yes gesetzt ist, bestehen in der Freigabe nur Leserechte. + + +create mask: Legt die Zugriffsrechte für neu angelegte Dateien fest. + + + + + + +Jetzt, da die Einrichtung von Samba abgeschlossen ist, müssen der Ordner erstellt und die Zugriffsrechte angepasst werden. Geben Sie dazu in einem Terminal ein: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + +Die Option -p sorgt dafür, dass der gesamte Verzeichnisbaum erstellt wird, wenn er nicht existiert. Ändern Sie den Freigabenamen Ihrer Umgebung entsprechend. + + + + + +Starten Sie schlussendlich den samba-Dienst erneut, damit die neue Konfiguration übernommen wird: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Die obige Konfiguration gibt jedem Client im Netzwerk Vollzugriff. Für eine sicherere Konfiguration sehen Sie sich bitte an. + + +Von einem Windows-Client aus sollte es jetzt möglich sein, zu dem Kubuntu-Dateiserver zu navigieren und das freigegebene Verzeichnis zu sehen. Um zu prüfen, ob alles funktioniert, versuchen Sie von Windows aus einen Ordner anzulegen. + +Um eine zusätzliche Freigabe anzulegen, erstellen Sie einfache einen neuen [dir]-Abschnitt in der /etc/samba/smb.conf und starten Sie Samba neu. Versichern Sie sich, dass das Verzeichnis, welches freigegeben werden soll, schon existiert und daas die Berechtigungen stimmen. + + +Ressourcen + + + +Weitergehende Samba-Konfigurationen finden Sie in der Samba-HOWTO-Sammlung (englisch). + + +Dieses Handbuch steht auch in gedruckter Form zur Verfügung. + + +Using Samba von O'Reilly ist eine andere gute Referenz. + + + + + + + +Absichern eines Samba-Datei- und Druckerservers + + +Samba-Sicherheitsmodi + +Im Netzwerkprotokoll „Common Internet Filesystem“ (CIFS) gibt es zwei Sicherheitsebenen: user-level und share-level. Allerdings erlauben die von Samba implementierten Sicherheitsmodi mehr Flexibilität, indem sie vier Wege anbieten, die User-Level-Sicherheit umzusetzen, und eine Möglichkeit anbieten, die Share-Level-Sicherheit umzusetzen: + + + +security = user: Erfordert von den Clients die Angabe eines Benutzernamens und eines Passwortes, um sich mit einer Freigabe zu verbinden. Die Samba-Benutzerkonten werden von den System-Benutzerkonten getrennt, aber das Software-Paket libpam-smbpass erlaubt es, System-Benutzer und deren Passwörter mit der Samba-Benutzerdatenbank abzugleichen. + + +security = domain: Dieser Modus erlaubt es Samba, gegenüber Windows-Clients als ein Primärer Domänen-Controller (PDC), ein Backup-Domänen-Controller (BDC), oder ein Domänen-Mitgliedsserver (DMS) aufzutreten. Weitere Informationen dazu sind unter zu finden. + + +security = ADS: erlaubt es Samba, einer Active-Directory-Domäne als natives Mitglied beizutreten. Weitere Informationen dazu finden sich unter . + + +security = server: dieser Modus ist aus der Zeit übrig geblieben, bevor Samba ein Mitgliedsserver werden konnte, und sollte aus Sicherheitsgründen nicht genutzt werden. Sehen Sie sich den Abschnitt Server Security der Samba-Dokumentation an, um nähere Informationen dazu zu erhalten. + + +security = share: Erlaubt es Clients, sich ohne die Angabe eines Benutzernamens oder eines Passwortes mit einer Freigabe zu verbinden. + + + +Der bevorzugte Sicherheitsmodus hängt von der Umgebung ab und welche Bedürfnisse der Samba-Server erfüllen muss. + + + +Security = User + +Dieser Abschnitt wird den Samba-Datei- und Druckserver umkonfigurieren, aus und Druckserver, sodass er eine Authentifizierung verlangt. + +Installieren Sie zuerst das Software-Paket libpam-smbpass, dass die Systembenutzer mit der Samba-Benutzerdatenbank abgleicht: + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + +Wenn die Aufgabe Samba-Server schon während der Installation ausgewählt wurde, ist libpam-smbpass schon installiert. + + +Bearbeiten Sie die Datei /etc/samba/smb.conf und ändern Sie im Abschnitt [share] folgendes: + + +guest ok = no + + +Starten Sie abschließend Samba neu, damit die Änderungen wirksam werden. + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Wenn Sie sich jetzt mit freigegebenen Verzeichnissen oder Druckern verbinden, wird nach Benutzername und Passwort gefragt. + + +Wenn Sie ein Netzwerklaufwerk mit einer Freigabe verbinden, sollte Wiederverbinden beim Anmelden angewählt sein, damit der Benutzername und das Passwort nur einmal eingegeben werden müssen, sofern das Passwort sich nicht ändert. + + + + +Freigabesicherheit + +Es gibt einige Optionen, die die Sicherheit für jeden freigegebenen Ordner erhöhen können. In dem folgenden Abschnitt werden mit Hilfe des [share]-Beispiels einige übliche Optionen erläutert. + + +Gruppen + +Gruppen definieren eine Sammlung von Rechnern oder Benutzern, welche eine gemeinsame Grundlage für den Zugriff auf bestimmte Netzwerkressourcen haben, und ermöglicht die feine Regulierung des Zugriffs auf diese Ressourcen. Beispielsweise ist eine Gruppe qa definiert und besteht aus den Benutzern freda, danika und rob und eine zweite Gruppe support besteht aus den Benutzern danika, jeremy und vincent. Die betreffende Netzwerkressource ist so eingerichtet, dass die Gruppe qa Zugriff hat, was bedeutet, dass freda, danika, und rob Zugriff haben, aber nicht jeremy oder vincent. Da die Benutzerin danika zu beiden Gruppen, qa und support, gehört, wird sie Zugriff auf alle Ressourcen haben, auf die eine der beiden Gruppen zugreifen kann, während alle anderen Benutzer nur Zugriff auf die Ressourcen haben, die für die Gruppe freigegeben sind, zu der sie gehören. + + +Standardmäßig sucht Samba nach lokalen Systemgruppen, die in /etc/group definiert sind, um herauszufinden, welcher Benutzer zu welcher Gruppe gehört. Für weitere Informationen über das Hinzufügen und Entfernen von Benutzern zu Gruppen lesen Sie bitte den Abschnitt Grundlagen. + +Wenn Sie Gruppen in der Sambakonfigurationsdatei /etc/samba/smb.conf definieren, wird dem Gruppennamen ein „@“-Symbol vorangestellt. Um beispielsweise eine Gruppe mit dem Namen sysadmin im entsprechenden Abschnitt der /etc/samba/smb.conf zu definieren,, wird der Gruppenname als @sysadmin eingetragen. + + + +Dateizugriffsrechte + +Dateizugriffsrechte legen explizit fest, welche Rechte ein Rechner auf einen bestimmten Ordner, eine Datei oder eine Menge von Dateien hat. Solche Berechtigungen können durch Bearbeiten der Datei /etc/samba/smb.conf und dem Festlegen expliziter Berechtigungen für Dateifreigaben eingerichtet werden. + +Um beispielsweise bei einer Samba-Freigabe mit dem Namen share der Gruppe qa eine Nur-Lesen-Berechtigung geben, während der Gruppe sysadmin und dem Benutzer vincent auch Schreibzugriff gewährt werden sollen, müssen in der Datei /etc/samba/smb.conf die folgenden Einträge unterhalb des Eintrags [share] eingefügt werden: + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + +Eine weitere mögliche Berechtigung in Samba ist die administrative Berechtigung für eine bestimmte Freigabe. Benutzer, die eine administrative Berechtigung haben, können jede Information lesen, schreiben und verändern, die sich in der Freigabe befindet, in der der Benutzer explizit die administrative Berechtigung erhalten hat. + +Um zum Beispiel dem Benutzer melissa administrative Rechte für das Freigabe-Beispiel zu geben, muss die Datei /etc/samba/smb.conf so geändert werden, dass die folgende Zeile unterhalb des Eintrags [share] eingefügt wird: + + +admin users = melissa + + +Nach dem Bearbeiten von /etc/samba/smb.conf, starten Sie Samba neu, damit die Änderungen Berücksichtigung finden: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Damit emphasis>read list + + +Jetzt, da Samba so eingerichtet ist, dass festgelegt ist, welche Gruppen Zugriff auf welchen freigegebenen Ordner haben, müssen die Dateiberechtigungen aktualisiert werden. + +Traditionelle Linux-Dateiberechtigungen lassen sich nicht gut auf Windows-NT-„Access Control Lists“ (ACLs) übertragen. Glücklicherweise sind POSIX-ACLs auf Kubuntu-Servern verfügbar und bieten eine feinere Kontrolle. Um zum Beispiel ACLs auf /srv, einem EXT3-Dateisystem, zu aktivieren, editieren Sie /etc/fstab und fügen Sie die Option acl hinzu: + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Danach hängen Sie die Partition wieder ein: + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + +Das obige Beispiel geht davon aus, dass /srv auf einer eigenen Partition liegt. Wenn /srv oder wo sonst der Pfad zur Freigabe ist, Teil von der Partition / ist, ist ein Neustart nötig. + + +Um zur obigen Samba-Konfiguration zur passen, bekommt die sysadmin-Gruppe Lese-, Schreib- und Ausführberechtigungen auf/srv/samba/share, die qa-Gruppe bekommt Lese- und Ausführberechtigungen und die Dateien gehören dem Benutzer melissa. Geben Sie folgendes in ein Terminal ein: + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + +Der obige Befehl setfacl vergibt die Ausführ-Berechtigungen auf alle Dateien in dem Verzeichnis /srv/samba/share, was gewünscht sein kann oder auch nicht. + + +Ein Windows-Client wird anzeigen, dass die neuen Dateiberechtigungen angewandt wurden. Sehen Sie sich die Handbuchseiten (Man Pages) über acl und setfacl für mehr Informationen über POSIX-ACLs an. + + + + +Samba-AppArmor-Profil + +Kubuntu bringt ein AppArmor-Sicherheitsmodul mit, welches die Möglichkeit von Zugriffskontrollen bietet. Das vorinstallierte AppArmor-Profil für Samba muss auf die Konfiguration angepasst werden. Für weitere Details über die Benutzung von AppArmor lesen Sie bitte das Wiki (englisch) + +Es gibt Standard-AppArmor-Profile für /usr/sbin/smbd und /usr/sbin/nmbd, die Samba-Hintergrunddienste, als Teil des Paketes apparmor-profiles. Um das Paket von der Befehlszeile aus zu installieren, geben Sie ein: + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + +Das Paket enthält noch Profile für viele weitere Binärdateien. + + +Standardmäßig sind die Profile für smbd und nmbd im complain-Modus, der es erlaubt, dass Samba ohne Anpassung der Profile arbeitet und nur Fehler protokolliert. Um das smbd-Profil in den enforce-Modus zu versetzen und Samba dazu zu bringen, das er so arbeitet wie gewollt, muss das Profil so angepasst werden, dass alle freigegebenen Verzeichnisse aufgelistet werden. + +Editieren Sie /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd und fügen Sie die Informationen für [share] aus dem Dateiserver-Beispiel hinzu: + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +Versetzen Sie das Profil jetzt in den Status enforce und laden Sie es neu: + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + +Nun sollte es im freigegebenen Ordner möglich sein zu lesen, zu schreiben und Programme normal auszuführen. smbd wird dabei nur auf die eingestellten Dateien und Ordner Zugriff haben. Man sollte darum sicher gehen, dass Samba dementsprechend eingerichtet ist. Fehler werden in der Datei /var/log/syslog protokolliert. + + + +Ressourcen + + + +Für eine tiefergreifende Samba-Konfiguration findet man hier weitere Informationen: Samba-HOWTO-Sammlung (englisch) + + +Dieses Handbuch steht auch in gedruckter Form zur Verfügung. + + +Using Samba vor O’Reilly ist auch eine gute Referenz. + + +Kapitel 18 der Samba-HOWTO-Sammlung (englisch) widmet sich dem Thema Sicherheit. + + +Weitere Informationen über Samaba und ACLs finden sich hier: Samba-ACLs-Webseite (englisch) + + + + + + +Samba als Domänen-Contoller + +Auch wenn er nicht als Primärer Domänen-Controller (PDC) eines Active Directory fungieren kann, kann ein Samba-Server so konfiguriert werden, dass er als ein Windows-NT4-kompatibler Domänen-Controller erscheint. Ein großer Vorteil dieser Einrichtung ist die Möglichkeit, Benutzer- und Maschinen-Berechtigungsnachweise zentral zu verwalten. Samba kann mehrere Backends benutzen, um die Benutzerinformationen zu speichern. + + +Primärer Domänen-Controller + +Dieser Abschnitt behandelt die Einrichtung Sambas als einen primären Domänen-Controller (Primary Domain Controller, PDC) über das Vorgabe-Backend smbpasswd. + + + + +Installieren Sie Samba und libpam-smbpass, um die Benutzerzugänge zu synchronisieren, über die folgende Eingabe auf der Befehlszeile: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Als nächstes konfigurieren SIe Samba durch das Editieren von /etc/samba/smb.conf. Der security-Modus sollte auf user gestellt werden und die workgroup sollte zu Ihrer Organisation passen: + + +workgroup = BEISPIEL +... +security = user + + + + + +Fügen Sie im auskommentierten Abschnitt Domains folgendes ein oder entfernen Sie die umgebenden Kommentarzeichen: + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +domain logons: Stellt den netlogon-Dienst zur Verfügung, welcher Samba als Domänen-Controller agieren lässt. + + +logon path: Legt das Windows-Profil des Benutzers in deren persönlichen Ordner. Es ist auch möglich, eine [profiles]-Freigabe einzurichten und alle Profile in einem einzigen Ordner zu verwalten. + + +logon drive: Legt den lokalen Pfad des persönlichen Ordners fest. + + +logon home: Legt den Ort des persönlichen Ordners fest. + + +logon script: Bestimmt ein Skript, das lokal ausgeführt werden soll, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet. Das Skript muss in der [netlogon]-Freigabe liegen. + + +add machine script: Ein Skript, welches automatisch den Machine Trust Account anlegt, welcher vom Arbeitsplatz-Rechner benötigt wird, um der Domäne beizutreten. +In diesem Beispiel muss die Gruppe machines mit dem Befehl addgroup erstellt werden. Sehen Sie sich die Grundlagen-Dokumentation für mehr Details an. + + + + +Wenn Roaming Profiles nicht genutzt werden, lassen Sie die Optionen logon home und logon path auskommentiert. + + + + + +Entfernen Sie die Kommentarzeichen um die [homes]-Freigabe, damit logon home abgebildet wird. + + +[homes] +comment = persoenliche Ordner +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + +Wenn Sie einen Domänen-Controller konfiguriert haben, müssen Sie die [netlogon]-Freigabe einrichten. Um die Freigabe zu aktivieren, entfernen Sie die Kommentarzeichen um Folgendes: + + +[netlogon] +comment = Netzwerk-Logon-Dienst +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + +Der ursprüngliche Pfad zur netlogon-Freigabe ist /home/samba/netlogon, aber laut dem Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) ist /srv der passende Ort für die Daten, die von diesem System bereitgestellt werden. + + + + + +Erstellen Sie nun den Ordner netlogon und eine (vorübergehend) leere Skript-Datei logon.cmd: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + +Sie können in der Datei logon.cmd jeden Windows-Logon-Skriptbefehl eintragen, um die Umgebung des Clients anzupassen. + + + + +Da root standardmäßig deaktiviert ist, muss eine Systemgruppe mit der Windows-Gruppe Domain Admins verbunden werden, um eine Arbeitsstation in die Domäne aufnehmen zu können. Benutzen Sie das net-Werkzeug von der Befehlszeile aus, indem Sie eingeben: + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + +Machen Sie sysadmin zur bevorzugten Gruppe. Der Benutzer, der genutzt wird, um der Domäne beizutreten, muss Mitglieder der sysadmin-Gruppe sein, genauso wie er Mitglieder der Systemgruppe admin sein muss. Die admin-Gruppe erlaubt die Verwendung von sudo. + + + + + +Starten Sie Samba abschließend neu, um den neuen Domänen-Controller zu aktivieren: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Es ist jetzt möglich einen Windows-Client auf dieselbe Weise in die Domäne aufzunehmen wie mit einer NT4-Domäne auf einem WIndows-Server. + + + + + + +Backup-Domänen-Controller + +Wenn sich ein Primärer Domänen-Controller (PDC) im Netzwerk befindet, ist es gut, auch einen Backup-Domänen-Controller (BDC) zu haben. Dies erlaubt es den Clients sich auch dann zu authentifizieren, wenn der PDC nicht verfügbar ist. + +Wenn Samba als BDC eingestellt wird, muss es eine Möglichkeit geben, Informationen mit dem PDC zu synchronisieren. Dafür stehen verschiedene Lösungen bereit, wie beispielsweise scp, rsync oder die Nutzung von LDAPals passdb-Backend. + +LDAP zu nutzen ist die robusteste Möglichkeit, Kontoinformationen zu synchronisieren. Beide Domänen-Controller können hierbei dieselben Informationen in Echtzeit nutzen. Allerdings ist die Einrichtung eines LDAP-Servers sehr aufwendig und für nur eine kleine Anzahl von Nutzern und Konten in der Regel zu kompliziert. Auf der LDAP-Seite von Samba (englisch) gibt es hierzu mehr Informationen. + + + + +Installieren Sie zunächst samba und libpam-smbpass. Geben Sie folgendes in eine Befehlszeile ein: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Bearbeiten Sie anschließend /etc/samba/smb.conf und entfernen Sie die Kommentarzeichen um Folgendes in [global]: + + +workgroup = BEISPIEL +... +security = user + + + + + +In dem auskommentierten Domains-Abschnitt fügen Sie folgendes hinzu oder entfernen die umgebenden Kommentarzeichen: + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + +Stellen Sie sicher, dass ein Benutzer Leserechte für die Dateien in /var/lib/samba besitzt. Um z.B. den Benutzern der admin-Gruppe zu erlauben, auf die Dateien mit scp zuzugreifen, geben Sie Folgendes ein: + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + +Synchronisieren Sie anschließend die Benutzerkonten, indem Sie scp benutzen, um den /var/lib/samba-Ordner von dem PDC zu kopieren: + + +sudo scp -r benutzername@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + +username muss durch einen gültigen Nutzernamen ersetzt werden und pdc mit dem Hostnamen oder der IP-Adresse des aktuellen PDC. + + + + + +Abschließend starten Sie samba neu: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Man kann die Funktionsweise des Backup-Domänen-Controllers überprüfen, indem der Samba-Dienst auf dem PDC gestoppt wird und danach der Versuch gestartet wird, sich auf einem Windows-Client anzumelden, der der Domäne beigetreten ist. + +Wenn die Option logon home als Ordner auf dem dem PDC eingerichtet wurde und der PDC nicht erreichbar ist, wird selbstverständlich auch das Home-Laufwerk nicht erreichbar sein. Aus diesem Grund sollte logon home auf einem von PDC und BDC getrennten Dateiserver operieren. + + + + +Ressourcen + + + +Weitergehende Samba-Konfigurationen finden Sie in der Samba-HOWTO-Sammlung (englisch). + + +Dieses Handbuch steht auch in gedruckter Form zur Verfügung. + + +Using Samba vor O’Reilly ist auch eine gute Referenz. + + +Kapitel 4 der Samba-HOWTO-Sammlung (englisch) erklärt das Aufsetzen eines Primären Domänen-Controllers. + + +Kapitel 5 der Samba-HOWTO-Sammlung (englisch) erklärt das Aufsetzen eines Backup-Domänen-Controllers. + + + + + + + +Einbinden eines Samba-Active-Directories + + +Auf eine Samba-Freigabe zugreifen + +Eine weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeit von Samba ist die Integration in ein bestehendes Windows-Netzwerk. Sobald Samba Teil einer Active-Directory- (AD-)Domäne ist, können Datei- und Druckerdienste für AD-Nutzer bereit gestellt werden. + +Der einfachste Weg einer AD-Domäne beizutreten ist Likewise-open. Weitere Informationen finden sich unter . + +Sobald Sie der Domäne beigetreten sind, geben Sie folgenden Befehl in ein Terminal ein: + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + +Die Pakete likewise-open und samba nutzen jeweils eigene secrets.tdb-Dateien. Daher bietet sich die Erstellung einer symbolischen Verknüpfung an. + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +Als nächstes bearbeiten Sie die Datei /etc/samba/smb.conf und ändern folgendes: + + +workgroup = BEISPIEL +... +security = ads +realm = BEISPIEL.DE +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +Starten Sie Samba neu, damit die Änderungen in Kraft treten: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Nun sollte es möglich sein, jegliche Samba-Freigaben von einem Windows-Client aus zu erreichen. Dabei sollten Sie sicherstellen, dass Sie den entsprechenden AD-Nutzern oder -Gruppen Zugriff auf die Freigabe gegeben haben. bietet weitere Informationen hierzu. + + + + +Auf eine Windows-Freigabe zugreifen + +Wenn der Samba-Server nun Teil der Active Directory Domain ist, können jegliche Freigaben von Windows-Servern erreicht werden. + + + + +Um eine Windows-Dateifreigabe einzuhängen, geben Sie in der Befehlszeile folgendes ein: + +mount.cifs //fs01.beispiel.de/share mount_point + + +Es ist ebenso möglich auf Freigaben außerhalb einer AD-Domain zuzugreifen, wenn Sie sich mit Passwort und Nutzernamen anmelden. + + + + +Um eine Freigabe bereits während des Bootvorgangs einzubinden, muss ein Eintrag in der /etc/fstab erfolgen. Beispielsweise: + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=geheim,rw 0 0 + + + + + +Eine weitere Möglichkeit, um Dateien von einem Windows-Server zu kopieren, ist die Benutzung des Werkzeugs smbclient. Geben Sie folgendes ein, um die Dateien einer Windows-Freigabe aufzulisten: + + +smbclient //fs01.beispiel.de/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +Geben Sie folgendes ein, um eine Datei aus der Freigabe zu kopieren: + + +smbclient //fs01.beispiel.de/share -k -c "get datei.txt" + + +Dies kopiert die Datei datei.txt in den aktuellen Ordner. + + + + +Und um eine Datei in die Freigabe zu kopieren: + + +smbclient //fs01.beispiel.de/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + +Dies kopiert /etc/hosts nach //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + +Die oben verwendete Option -c erlaubt die Ausführung des Befehls smbclient auf einmal. Für kleinere Dateivorgänge oder Skripte ist dies hilfreich. Um eine FTP-ähnliche smb: \>-Eingabeaufforderung zu erhalten, in der normale Datei- und Verzeichnisbefehle ausgeführt werden können, führen Sie in der Befehlszeile den folgenden Befehl aus: + + +smbclient //fs01.beispiel.de/share -k + + + + + + +Ersetzen Sie alle Vorkommen von fs01.beispiel.de/share, //192.168.0.5/share, username=steve,password=geheim und datei.txt mit den passenden Informationen: IP-Adresse des Servers, Hostname, Freigabename, Dateiname und tatsächlicher Benutzername und Passwort Zugriffsrechten auf die Freigabe. + + + + +Ressourcen + +Weitere Informationen zu den Optionen von smbclient finden Sie auf der Handbuchseite (Man Page): man smbclient, die auch unter online verfügbar ist. + +Die mount.cifs-Handbuchseite (Man Page) ist aufgrund der ausführlicheren Informationen ebenso sehr hilfreich. + + + + + +Likewise Open + +Likewise Open vereinfacht die notwendige Einrichtung, um eine Linux-Maschine bei einer Active Directory Domain anzumelden. likewise-open basiert auf winbind und erleichtert die Authentifizierung. + + +Installation + +Es gibt zwei Arten, Likewise Open zu nutzen. Das Befehlszeilenwerkzeug likewise-open und die grafische Oberfläche likewise-open-gui. Dieser Abschnitt beschäftigt sich vor allem mit dem Befehlszeilenwerkzeug. + +Um das Paket likewise-open zu installieren, öffnen Sie eine Befehlseingabe (Terminal) und geben Sie folgendes dort ein: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + +Seit Kubuntu 9.04 ist Likewise Open 5.0 in den Universe-Paketquellen enthalten. Da eine Aufrüstung von Likewise Open 4.1 momentan ein Verlassen der Domäne und erneutes Beitreten verlangt, gibt es ein separates Paket für Version fünf. + +Um Likewise Open 5.0 zu installieren, geben Sie folgendes ein: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + +Wenn Sie likewise-open5 über ein bereits bestehendes ikewise-open (4.1) installieren, wird letzteres ersetzt. Der Domäne muss nach der Installation erneut beigetreten werden. + + + + +Einer Domäne beitreten + +Die wichtigste ausführbare Datei des likewise-open-Paketes ist /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, die benutzt wird, um einen Rechner einer Domain hinzuzufügen. Bevor das möglich ist, benötigen Sie folgendes: + + + +Zugriff auf einen Active-Directory-Benutzer, der berechtigt ist, der Domäne beizutreten. + + +Den Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) der Domäne, der Sie beitreten möchte. Falls die AD-Domäne nicht die Form beispiel.de besitzt, ist sie wahrscheinlich in der Form domainname.local. + + +Ein funktionierender DNS für die Domäne. In einer AD-Produktivumgebung ist das meistens der Fall. Ein funktionstüchtiger Microsoft-DNS wird benötigt, sodass der Client feststellen kann, dass die Active-Directory-Domäne verfügbar ist. +Falls kein Windows-DNS im Netzwerk bereitsteht, siehe für Details. + + + + +Um einer Domäne beizutreten, geben Sie in einer Befehlszeile folgendes ein: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join beispiel.de Administrator + + + +Ersetzen Sie beispiel.de mit dem Domänennamen und Administrator mit dem gewünschten Benutzernamen. + + +Sie werden nach Ihrem Passwort gefragt werden. Falls alles erfolgreich abgeschlossen wird, wird eine SUCCESS-Nachricht im Terminal ausgegeben. + + +Nach dem Beitritt zur Domäne ist es notwendig, den Rechner neu zu starten, bevor Sie versuchen, sich gegenüber der Domain zu authentifizieren. + + +Nachdem Sie erfolgreich einen Kubuntu-Rechner mit einer Active-Directory-Domäne verbunden haben, kann jeder gültige AD-Benutzer zum Authentifizieren benutzt werden. Um sich anzumelden, muss der Benutzername in der Form „domäne\benutzername“ eingegeben werden. Um sich per ssh mit einem beigetretenen Server zu verbinden, geben Sie beispielsweise folgendes ein: + + +ssh 'beispiel\steve'@hostname + + + +Falls Sie einen Desktop-PC einrichten, wird auch in der grafischen Anmeldung domäne\ dem Benutzernamen vorangestellt. + + +Um likewise-open dazu zu veranlassen, die Standard-Domäne zu benutzen, kann folgende Zeile zur /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf hinzugefügt werden: + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + +Starten Sie dann die likewise-open-Dienste neu: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + +Sobald eine Standard-Domäne definiert ist, wird domäne\ nicht mehr benötigt. Benutzer können sich nur mit ihrem Benutzernamen anmelden. + + +Das Werkzeug domainjoin-cli kann auch genutzt werden, um eine Domäne zu verlassen. Dazu geben Sie auf der Befehlszeile folgendes ein: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Andere Werkzeuge + +Das Paket likewise-open beinhaltet ein paar weitere Werkzeuge, die dabei nützlich sein können, Informationen über die Active-Directory-Umgebung zu ermitteln. Diese Werkzeuge werden genutzt, um einen Rechner in eine Domäne einzubinden und sind mit denen gleich, die auch in den Paketen samba-common und winbind verfügbar sind: + + + +lwinet: liefert Informationen über das Netzwerk und die Domäne. + + +lwimsg: erlaubt eine Interaktion mit dem likewise-winbindd-Dienst. + + +lwiinfo: zeigt Informationen über unterschiedliche Bestandteile der Domäne an. + + + +In den Handbucheinträgen (Man Pages) der entsprechenden Werkzeuge finden sich weitere Informationen. + + + +Problembehebung + + + +Falls der Client Probleme damit hat, einer Domäne beizutreten, überprüfen Sie, dass der Microsoft-DNS als erstes in /etc/resolv.conf aufgelistet ist. Zum Beispiel: + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +Weitere Informationen zum Domänenbeitritt finden Sie, indem Sie die Optionen --loglevel verbose oder --advanced des Werkzeugs domainjoin-cli benutzen: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join beispiel.de Administrator + + + +Wenn ein Active-Directory-Benutzer Probleme mit dem Einloggen hat, überprüfen Sie /var/log/auth.log für Einzelheiten zum aufgetretenen Problem. + + +Wenn Sie einen Kubuntu-Desktop-Arbeitsplatz zu einer Domäne hinzufügen, könnte es nötig sein, /etc/nsswitch.conf zu verändern, falls die AD-Domäne .local-Syntax benutzt. Um der Domäne beizutreten, sollte der Eintrag mdns4 aus der Option hosts entfernt werden. Zum Beispiel: + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +Ändern Sie obiges zu: + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + +Starten Sie dann mit folgendem Befehl das Netzwerk neu: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + +Nun sollte es möglich sein, der Active-Directory-Domäne beizutreten. + + + + + +Microsoft-DNS + +Die folgenden Anweisungen sind dafür konzipiert, DNS auf einem Active-Directory-Domänen-Kontroller unter Windows Server 2003 zu installieren, aber die Anweisungen sollten bei anderen Versionen ähnlich sein: + + + + + +Drücken Sie StartSystemsteuerungIhren Server verwalten. Dies wird die Server Rollenverwaltung öffnen. + +Klicken Sie auf Rollen hinzufügen oder entfernen +Klicken Sie auf Weiter +Wählen Sie »DNS Server« +Klicken Sie auf Weiter +Klicken Sie nochmals auf »Weiter« um fortzufahren. +Wählen Sie »Forward-Lookupzone erstellen«, falls es nicht bereits ausgewählt ist. +Klicken Sie auf Weiter +Stellen Sie sicher, dass »This server maintains the zone« ausgewählt ist und klicken Sie auf Weiter. +Geben Sie den Domain-Namen ein und klicken Sie auf Weiter. +Klicken Sie neben »Allow only secure dynamic updates« + +Geben Sie die IP für den DNS-Server um Anfragen weiterzuleiten ein, oder wählen Sie »No, it should not forward queries« und klicken Sie auf Weiter. + +Klicken Sie auf Schließen. +Klicken Sie auf Schließen. + +DNS ist jetzt installiert und kann zukünftig mit dem Microsoft Management Console DNS Snap-in eingerichtet werden. + + +Anschließend richten Sie den Server so ein, dass er sich selbst für DNS-Anfragen benutzt: +Klicken Sie auf Start +Systemsteuerung +Netzwerkverbindungen +Rechtsklick auf „Lokale Netzwerkverbindung“ +Klicken Sie auf Eigenschaften +Klicken Sie doppelt auf „Internetprotokoll (TCP/IP)“ +Geben Sie die IP-Adresse des Servers als „Bervorzugter DNS-Server“ ein +Klicken Sie auf OK +Klicken Sie erneut auf OK, um die Einstellungen zu speichern + + + + + +Referenzen + +Auf der Likewise-Website finden sich weitergehende Informationen. + +Weitere Einstellungsmöglichkeiten von domainjoin-cli finden Sie auf der man Page: man domainjoin-cli. + + + +
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+ +Compartir archivos en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica como compartir archivos entre Kubuntu y Windows. + + + + +Introducción + + +Computer networks are often comprised of diverse systems. While operating a +network made up entirely of Kubuntu desktop and server computers would +certainly be fun, some network environments will consist of Kubuntu and +Microsoft +Windows systems working together. This +section of the Kubuntu Server Guide introduces principles and tools used for +configuring Kubuntu servers to share network resources with Windows computers. + + + +Successfully networking a Kubuntu system with Windows clients involves +providing and integrating services common to Windows environments. These +services support sharing data and information about the computers and users +on the network, and may be classified into three major categories: + + + + + +File and Printer Sharing Services. The +Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is used to facilitate +sharing files, folders, volumes, and printers throughout the network. + + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + + +Authentication and Access. It is +necessary to be able to establish the identity of a computer or user to +determine the information the computer or user is authorized to access. +Authentication and access use principles and technologies such as file +permissions, group policies, and the Kerberos authentication service. + + + + + +A Kubuntu system can provide all such capabilities for Windows clients and +enable sharing network resources with them. One of the principal pieces of +software included in a Kubuntu system for Windows networking is the Samba +suite of SMB server applications and tools. + + + +This section of the Kubuntu Server Guide will introduce some of the ways Samba +is commonly used, and how to install and configure the necessary packages. +Additional detailed documentation and information on Samba can be found +on the Samba website. + + + + +Servidor de archivos Samba + + +One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu and Windows computers is to +configure Samba as a File Server. This section covers setting up a +Samba server to share files with Windows clients. + + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Instalación + +El primer paso es instalar el paquete samba. Desde un terminal, introduzca: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +Eso es todo lo que hay que hacer. Samba está listo para ser configurado para compartir archivos. + + + +Configuración + + +The main Samba configuration file is located in +/etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a +significant number of comments in order to document various configuration +directives. + + +En el archivo de configuración predeterminado no se incluyen todas las opciones disponibles. Consulte la página de man de smb.conf o la colección de HOWTOs de Samba para más información. + + + + + + +Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section +of /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + +Crear una nueva sección al final del archivo, o descomentar uno de los ejemplos para compartir el directorio + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + +path: la ruta al directorio que se va a compartir. + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + +browsable: permite a los clientes Windows navegar por el directorio compartido usando el Explorador de Windows. + + +guest ok: permite que los clientes se puedan conectar al recurso sin necesidad de introducir ninguna contraseña. + + +de sólo lectura: determina si la cuota es de sólo lectura o escritura, si se conceden privilegios. Privilegios de escritura sólo se permiten cuando el valor es no, como se ve en este ejemplo. Si el valor es sí, entonces el acceso a la proporción es de sólo lectura. + + +create mask: determina los permisos que tendrán los archivos nuevos cuando se creen. + + + + + + +Ahora que Samba ya está configurado, se necesita crear el directorio y cambiar sus permisos. Desde un terminal, teclee: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + +Finalmente, reinicie los servicios samba para activar la nueva configuración: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +La configuración anterior da acceso a cualquier cliente en la red local. Para una configuración más segura, vea . + + + +From a Windows client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu file +server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try +creating a directory from Windows. + + + +To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] +sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart +Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually +exists and that the permissions are correct. + + + +Recursos + + + +Para una configuración más detallada de Samba, consulte la colección de HOWTOs de Samba. + + +La guía también está disponible en formato impreso. + + +El libro de O'Reilly Using Samba es otra buena fuente de referencia. + + + + + + + +Asegurar un servidor Samba de archivos e impresión + + +Modos de seguridad en Samba + +Existen dos niveles de seguridad disponibles en el protocolo de red Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS): user-level (a nivel de usuario) y share-level (a nivel de recurso). La implementación que hace Samba de security mode permite más flexibilidad, ya que proporciona cuatro formas de implementar la seguridad user-level y una forma de implementar share-level: + + + +security = user: exige que los clientes proporcionen un nombre de usuario y una contraseña para conectarse a los recursos compartidos. Las cuentas de usuario de Samba están separadas de las cuentas del sistema, pero el paquete libpam-smbpass sincroniza las cuentas y contraseña del sistema con la base de datos de usuarios de Samba. + + +security = domain: este modo permite que el servidor Samba se muestre a los clientes Windows como un controlador primario de dominio (Primary Domain Controller, PDC), un controlador secundario de dominio (Backup Domain Controller, BDC) o un servidor de miembros de dominio (Domain Member Server, DMS). Consulte para más información. + + +security = ADS: permite que el servidor Samba pueda unirse a un dominio de Active Directory como si fuera un miembro nativo. Consulte para más información. + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + +security = share: permite que los clientes puedan conectarse a los recursos compartidos sin necesidad de proporcionar un nombre de usuario y una contraseña. + + + +El modo de seguridad preferido depende del entorno y lo que el servidor Samba necesite llevar a cabo. + + + +Seguridad = Usuario + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + +En primer lugar, instalar el paquete libpam-smbpassapplication>, que sincronizar + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + + +If the Samba Server task was chosen during installation, +libpam-smbpass is already installed. + + + +Edite /etc/samba/smb.conf, y en la sección [share] cambie: + + +guest ok = no + + +Finalmente, reinicie Samba para que la nueva configuración tenga efecto: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Ahora cuando se conecte a los directorios compartidos o impresoras, se le preguntará un nombre de usuario y contraseña. + + + +To map a network drive to the share, Reconnect at Logon should be +checked, which will require the username and password to be entered just once, +at least until the password changes. + + + + + +Compartir seguridad + +Hay varias opciones disponibles para aumentar la seguridad de cada directorio compartido en particular. Usando el ejemplo [share], esta sección cubre algunas opciones comunes. + + +Grupos + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + +Samba por defecto busca los grupos del sistema local definidos en /etc/group para determinara que usuarios pertenecen a que grupos. Para más información sobre como añadir o eliminar usuarios de los grupos, veraBásicos. + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +Permisos de archivo + +Los permisos de archivos definen los derechos explícitos que un equipo o usuario poseen sobre un directorio, archivo o conjunto de archivos en particular. Tales permisos deben definirse editando archivo el /etc/samba/smb.conf y especificando los permisos explícitos de un recurso compartido concreto. + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + +Después de editar /etc/samba/smb.conf, reinicie Samba para que los cambios tengan efecto: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Para que read list y write list funcionen, el modo de seguridad de Samba no debe estar establecido a security = share. + + +Ahora que Samba ha sido configurado para limitar qué grupos tienen acceso al directorio compartido, se necesitan actualizar los permisos del sistema de archivos. + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Ahora vuelva a montar la partición: + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + + +A Windows client will show that the new file permissions are implemented. See +the acl and setfacl man +pages for more information on POSIX ACLs. + + + + + +Perfil Samba AppArmor + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + +Este paquete contiene perfiles para distintos binarios. + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + +Edite /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, añadiendo información para [share] desde el ejemplo de servidor de archivos: + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +Ahora ponga el perfil en enforce y recargue: + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + +Ahora se puede leer, escribir y ejecutar archivos en el directorio compartido como normal, y el binario smbd tendrá acceso solamente a los archivos y directorios configurados. Asegúrese de añadir entradas para cada directorio que se configuró para compartir con Samba. Cualquier error será registrado en /var/log/syslog. + + + +Recursos + + + +Para ver en profundidad las configuraciones de Samba vea la Colección Samba HOWTO + + +La guía también está disponible en formato impreso. + + +Usando Samba, de O'Reilly, también es una buena referencia. + + +El capítulo 18 de la colección de HOWTOs de Samba está dedicado a la seguridad. + + +Para más información sobre Samba y ACLs, vea la Página Samba ACLs . + + + + + + +Samba como controlador de dominio + +Aunque no puede funcionar como controlador primario de dominio (PDC) de Active Directory, un servidor Samba puede configurarse para que funcione como un controlador de dominio al estilo de Windows NT4. Una de las principales ventajas de esta configuración es la capacidad de centralizar las credenciales de los usuarios y las máquinas. Samba también puede usar varios backends para almacenar la información de los usuarios. + + +Controlador de dominio primario + +Esta sección cubre la configuración de Samba como controlador primario de dominio (PDC) usando el backend predeterminado smbpasswd. + + + + +Instale Samba y libpam-smbpass para sincronizar las cuentas de usuario introduciendo lo siguiente en una terminal: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Luego, configure Samba editando /etc/samba/smb.conf. El modo seguro debería configurarse usuario, y el grupo de trabajo debería relacionarse apropiadamente con la organización: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +En la sección comentada Dominios añada o descomente lo siguiente: + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +domain logons: proporciona el servicio netlogon, lo que hace que Samba actúe como un controlador de dominio. + + +logon path: coloca el perfil Windows del usuario dentro de su directorio personal. También es posible configurar un recurso compartido [profiles] que sitúe todos los perfiles bajo un único directorio. + + +logon drive: especifica la ruta local del directorio home. + + +logon home: especifica la localización del directorio home. + + +logon script: determina el script que se ejecutará localmente cuando el usuario se conecte. El script debe colocarse dentro del recurso compartido [netlogon]. + + +add machine script: un script que creará automáticamente una cuenta de máquina de confianza (Machine Trust Account), necesaria para que un puesto de trabajo se una al dominio. +En este ejemplo, el grupo de equipos necesitará ser creado usando la utilidad addgroup. Vea Básicos para detalles. + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + +Descomente el recurso[homes] para que permitir la correspondencia con el logon home: + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + + +When configured as a domain controller, a [netlogon] share +needs to be configured. To enable the share, uncomment: + + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + +Ahora cree el directorio netlogon y un archivo logon.cmd script vacío (por ahora) + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + + +Any normal Windows logon script commands can be entered in +logon.cmd to customize the client's environment. + + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + +Finalmente, reinicie Samba para activar el nuevo controlador de dominio: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Ahora es posible unirse a los clientes de Windows del dominio de la misma manera que unirse a un dominio NT4 funcionando en un servidor Windows. + + + + + + +Controlador secundario de dominio + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + +En primer lugar, instale samba y libpam-smbpass. En una terminal, teclee: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Ahora, edite /etc/samba/smb.conf y descomente las siguientes líneas en la sección [global]: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +En las líneas Domains comentadas, descomente o añada: + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + +Asegúrese de que un usuario tiene permisos de lectura sobre /var/lib/samba. Por ejemplo, para permitir que los usuarios del grupo admin puedan usar scp sobre los archivos, introduzca: + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + +Después, sincronice las cuentas de usuario usando scp para copiar el directorio /var/lib/samba desde el PDC: + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + +Finalmente, reinicie samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Recursos + + + +Para una configuración más detallada de Samba, consulte la colección de HOWTOs de Samba. + + +La guía también está disponible en formato impreso. + + +Usando Samba, de O'Reilly, también es una buena referencia. + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Integración de Samba con Active Directory + + +Acceder a un recurso compartido con Samba + + +Another use for Samba is to integrate into an existing Windows network. Once +part of an Active Directory (AD) domain, Samba can provide file and print +services to AD users. + + + +The simplest way to join an AD domain is to use +Likewise-open. For detailed instructions, see . + + +Una vez que sea parte del dominio, introduzca la siguiente orden en una terminal: + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + + +Since the likewise-open and samba packages use separate +secrets.tdb files, a symlink must be created in /var/lib/samba: + + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +Después, edite /etc/samba/smb.conf cambiando: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +Reinicie samba para que los nuevos cambios tengan efecto: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +It should now be possible to access any Samba shares +from a Windows client. However, be sure to give the appropriate AD users or +groups access to the share directory. See for +more details. + + + + + +Acceder a recursos compartidos de Windows + + +Now that the Samba server is part of the Active Directory domain, any Windows +server shares can be accessed: + + + + + + +To mount a Windows file share, enter the following in a terminal prompt: + + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + + +It is also possible to access shares on computers not part of an AD domain, but +a username and password must be provided. + + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + +Otra forma de copiar archivos desde un servidor Windows es utilizar la aplicación smbclient. Para listar los archivos situados en un recurso compartido de Windows: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +Para copiar un archivo de un recurso compartido, escriba: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + +Esto copiará archivo.txt en el directorio actual. + + + + +Y para copiar un archivo al recurso compartido: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + +Esto copiará /etc/hosts a //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + + +Replace all instances of fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, +username=steve,password=secret, and +file.txt with the proper server IP, hostname, +share name, file name, and an actual username and password with rights to the +share. + + + + + +Recursos + +Para más información sobre las opciones de smbclient vea la página de manual: man smbclient, también disponible en línea. + +La página de manual de mount.cifs es útil también para obtener información más detallada. + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Instalación + +Existen dos formas de utilizar Likewise Open: la utilidad likewise-open de la línea de comandos y likewise-open-gui. Esta sección se enfoca en la utilidad de línea de comandos. + +Para instalar el paquete likewise-open abra un terminal e introduzca: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + +Para instalar Likewise Open 5.0, introduzca: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Unirse a un dominio + + +The main executable file of the likewise-open package +is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a +computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed: + + + + +Acceso a un usuario de Active Directory con privilegios apropiados para ingresar en el dominio. + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + + +If there is not a Windows DNS server on the network, see for details. + + + + + +Para unirse a un dominio, introduzca en un terminal: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join ejemplo.com Administrador + + + + +Replace example.com with the proper domain name, and +Administrator with the appropriate user name. + + + + +There will be a prompt for the user's password. If all goes well, a +SUCCESS message should be printed to the console. + + + +Después de unirse al dominio, es necesario reiniciar antes de intentar autenticarse contra el dominio. + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'ejemplo\pedro'@nombredelequipo + + + + +If configuring a Desktop, the user name will need to be prefixed with domain\ in the graphical logon as well. + + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + +A continuación, reinicie los demonios de likewise-open: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + + +Once configured for a default domain, the 'domain\' is no longer required. Users can login using +only their username. + + + +La utilidaddomainjoin-cli también puede utilizarse para abandonar un dominio. Introduzca en un terminal: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Otras utilidades + +El paquete likewise-open viene con otras pocas herramientas que pueden ser utilizas para recopilar información sobre el entorno de Active Directory. Éstas herramientas son utilizadas para unir la maquina a un dominio, y son las mismas que las que están disponible en los paquetes samba-common y winbind: + + + +lwinet: Devuelve información sobre la red y el dominio. + + +lwimsg: Permite la interacción con el demonio likewise-winbindd. + + +lwiinfo: Muestra información sobre varias partes del dominio. + + + +Consulte las páginas de manual de cada utilidad para obtener información más específica. + + + +Resolución de problemas + + + + +If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the Microsoft DNS is +listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. +For example: + + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +Para más información cuando se una a un dominio, use las opciones --loglevel verbose o --advanced de la utilidad domainjoin-cli: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join ejemplo.com Administrador + + + +Si un usuario de Active Directory tiene problemas al conectarse, consulte /var/log/auth.log para más información. + + + +When joining an Kubuntu Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary +to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the +.local syntax. In order to join the domain, +the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the +hosts option. For example: + + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +Cambie lo anterior por: + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + +Y reinicie la red tecleando: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + + +It should now be possible to join the Active Directory domain. + + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + +Las siguientes instrucciones son para la instalación de DNS en un dominio de Active Directory con Windows Server 2003, pero las instrucciones pueden ser similares en otras versiones: + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Pulse Añadir o eliminar un rol +Pulse «Siguiente» +Seleccione «Servidor DNS» +Pulse «Siguiente» +Para continuar pulse en Siguiente +Seleccione la opción «Crear una zona de resolución de reenvío» si no está seleccionada. +Pulse «Siguiente» +Asegúrese que «Este servidor mantiene la zona» esté seleccionado, y pulse siguiente. +Enter the domain name and click Next +Pulse en Siguiente para «Permitir sólo actualizaciones dinámicas seguras» + +Introduzca la IP de los servidores DNS a los que redirigir las consultas, o seleccione «No, no debe redirigir las consultas» y pulse Siguiente. + +Pulse «Finalizar» +Pulse «Finalizar» + +Ahora DNS está instalado y puede configurarse usando el complemento de DNS en la Consola de administración de Microsoftapplication>. + + +A continuación, configure el servidor para que se use a sí mismo en las consultas DNS: +Pulse «Inicio» +Panel de control +Conexiones de red +Pulse con el botón derecho sobre «Conexión de área local» +Pulse «Propiedades» +Pulse dos veces sobre «Protocolo de Internet (TCP/IP)» +Introduzca la dirección IP del servidor como «Servidor DNS preferido» +Pulse «Aceptar» +Pulse «Aceptar» otra vez para guardar los cambios + + + + + +Referencias + +Por favor, remítase a la página web de Likewise para más información. + +Para más opciones de domainjoin-cli vea la página de manual: man domainjoin-cli. + + + +
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+ +Failijagamine <phrase>Kubuntus</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +See dokument kirjeldab seda, kuidas jagada faile Kubuntu ja Windowsi vahel. + + + + +Sissejuhatus + + +Computer networks are often comprised of diverse systems. While operating a +network made up entirely of Kubuntu desktop and server computers would +certainly be fun, some network environments will consist of Kubuntu and +Microsoft +Windows systems working together. This +section of the Kubuntu Server Guide introduces principles and tools used for +configuring Kubuntu servers to share network resources with Windows computers. + + +Kubuntu süsteemi võrgundamine koos Windowsi klientidega pakub ja integreerib teenused sarnaselt Windowsi keskkonnaga. Nendeks teenusteks on andmete jagamine ning informatsioon võrgus olevate arvutite ja kasutajate kohta, mis on klassifitseeritud kolme kategooriasse: + + + +Faili ja printeri jagamise teenused. Serverisõnumiploki (SMB) protkoll hõlbustab failide, kaustade, ketaste ja printerite jagamist läbi võrgu. + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + +Autentimine ja ligipääs. See on vajalik arvutite või kasutajate identsuse kindlakstegemiseks ning ligipääsu lubamiseks. Autentimine ja ligipääs kasutab selliseid printsiipe ja tehnoloogiaid nagu failiõigused, grupipoliitikad ja Kerberos autentimise teenus. + + + +Kubuntu süsteem varustab sind selliste funktsioonidega nagu Windowsi kliendid ja võrguressursside jagamise lubamine klientide vahel. Üks peamine tarkvara Kubuntu süsteemis Windowsi võrgustamise jaoks on Samba SMB pakett koos serveri rakenduste ja tööriistadega. + +Selle Kubuntu sektsiooni serveri juhend tutvustab Samba kasutusviise ning seda, kuidas paigaldada ja seadistada vajalikke pakette. Üksikasjalik dokumentatsioon ja informatsioon Samba kohta on saadaval Samba veebilehel. + + + +Samba failiserver + + +One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu and Windows computers is to +configure Samba as a File Server. This section covers setting up a +Samba server to share files with Windows clients. + + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Paigaldamine + +Esimeseks sammuks on samba paketi paigaldamine. Selleks sisesta käsureale järgmist: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing. + + + +Seadistamine + + +The main Samba configuration file is located in +/etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a +significant number of comments in order to document various configuration +directives. + + +Kõik saadaval valikud on vaikimisi seadistusfailis. Vaata smb.confman lehte või Samba HOWTO Collection lisainfo saamiseks. + + + + + +Redigeeri järgnevat võtme/väärtustepaari [global] sekstsiooni /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + + +Create a new section at the bottom of the file, or uncomment one of the +examples for the directory to be shared: + + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + +asukoht: kataloogi asukoht jagamiseks. + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + +lehitsetav: lubab Windowsi klientidel lehitseda jagatud katalooge, mis kasutavad Windows Explorerit. + + +guest ok: lubab klientidel ühenduda jagamistega ilma parooli sisestamata. + + + +read only: determines if the share is read only or if write privileges are granted. Write privileges are allowed only when the value is no, as is seen in this example. If the value is yes, then access to the share is read only. + + + + +create mask: determines the permissions new files will have +when created. + + + + + + + +Nüüd kui Samba on seadistatud, on vajalik kataloogi loomine ning teha õiguste muudatused. Selleks sisesta terminali järgnev: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + +Taaskäivita samba teenused, et lubada uut seadistust: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + + +The above configuration gives all access to any client on the local network. For +a more secure configuration, see . + + + +Windowsi kliendiga peaks olema nüüd võimalik lehitseda Kubuntu failiserverit ja näha jagatud kataloogi. Kontrolli, kas kõik töötab ning proovi luua Windowsist uus kataloog. + +Selleks, et luua lisanduvaid jagamisi, loo lihtsalt uued [dir] sektsioonid /etc/samba/smb.confi ning taaskäivita Samba. Ole kindel, et kataloog, mida jagad, on olemas ning õigused on korrektsed. + + +Ressursid + + + +Samba põhjalikke seadistusjuhendeid vaata Samba HOWTO Collection + + +Juhend on saadaval ka trükitud vormingus. + + +O'Reilly Using Samba on veel üks hea materjal. + + + + + + + +Samba faili- ja prindiserveri turvamine + + +Samba turvarežiimid + + +There are two security levels available to the Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS) +network protocol user-level and +share-level. Samba's security mode +implementation allows more flexibility, providing four ways of implementing +user-level security and one way to implement share-level: + + + + +turvalisus = kasutaja: nõuab klientidelt jagamistega ühendumiseks kasutajanime ning parool. Samba kasutajakontod on eraldatud süsteemikontodest, kuid libpam-smbpass pakett sünkroniseerib süsteemi kasutajad ja paroolid Samba kasutajate andmebaasiga. + + +turvalisus = domeen: see režiim lubab Samba serverit näha Windowsi klientidel primaarse domeenikontrollerina (PDCna), haldusdoomeni varukontrollerina (BDCna) või domeeniliikme serverina (DMSina). Vaata , et saada rohkemat informatsiooni. + + + +security = ADS: allows the Samba server to join an Active +Directory domain as a native member. See +for details. + + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + +turvalisus = jagamine: lubab klientidel ühenduda jagamistega ilma kasutajanime ja parooli küsimata. + + + +Eelistatud turvalisuse režiim sõltub keskkonnast ja sellest, mida Samba server teostab. + + + +Turvalisus = kasutaja + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + + +First, install the libpam-smbpass package which will +sync the system users to the Samba user database: + + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + +Kui Samba serveri ülesanne oli valitud paigaldamise käigus, siis libpam-smbpass on juba paigaldatud. + + +Redigeeri /etc/samba/smb.conf ja muuda [share] sektsioonis järgnevat: + + +guest ok = no + + + +Finally, restart Samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Kui ühendud jagatud kataloogi või printeriga, siis küsitakse sinult kasutajanime ja parooli. + + +Võrguketta kaardistamiseks peab olema märgitud väli ühendu sisselogimisel uuesti. See toiming nõuab kasutajanime ja parooli sisestamist ühe korra, enne kui parool muutub. + + + + +Jagamise turvalisus + + +There are several options available to increase the security for each individual +shared directory. Using the [share] example, this section +will cover some common options. + + + +Grupid + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + +Samba näeb vaikimisi välja kohaliku süsteemi grupina, mis on defineeritud /etc/groupis, et määrata seda, millised kasutajad kuuluvad millistesse gruppidesse. Rohkema info kasutajate lisamise ja eemaldamise kohta leiad siit: Basics. + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +Failiõigused + + +File Permissions define the explicit rights a computer or user has to a +particular directory, file, or set of files. Such permissions may be defined by +editing the /etc/samba/smb.conf file and specifying the +explicit permissions of a defined file share. + + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + +Peale /etc/samba/smb.conf redigeerimist taaskäivita Samba, et muutused avaldaksid mõju: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + +For the read list and write list to +work the Samba security mode must not be set to security = share + + + + +Now that Samba has been configured to limit which groups have access to the +shared directory, the filesystem permissions need to be updated. + + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Seejärel taasühenda partitsioon: + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + +Windowsi klient näitab seda, kas uued failiõigused on teostatud. Vaata acl ja setfacl manuaalileheküljelt rohkemat informatsiooni POSIX ACLi kohta. + + + + +Samba AppArmor profiil + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + + +This package contains profiles for several other binaries. + + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + + +Edit /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adding information for +[share] from the file server example: + + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +Nüüd leia enforcei asukoht ning tee sellele uuestilaadimine: + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + + +It is now possible to read, write, and execute files in the shared directory as +normal, and the smbd binary will have access to only +the configured files and directories. Be sure to add entries for each directory +that Samba is configured to share. Any errors will be logged to +/var/log/syslog. + + + + +Ressursid + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations, see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + +Juhend on saadaval ka trükitud vormingus. + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + +Peatükk 18 Samba HOWTO Collection on pühendatud turvalisusele. + + +Rohkemat informatsiooni Samba ACLi kohta leiad Samba ACLi lehelt . + + + + + + +Samba kui domeenikontroller + + +Although it cannot act as an Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC), a +Samba server can be configured to appear as a Windows NT4-style domain +controller. A major advantage of this configuration is the ability to +centralize user and machine credentials. Samba can also use multiple backends +to store the user information. + + + +Primaarne domeenikontroller + +See sektsioon kirjeldab Samba primaarseks domeenikontrolleriks seadistamist, kasutades vaikimisi smbpasswd taustarakendust. + + + + +Paigalda Samba ja libpam-smbpass , et sünkroniseerida kasutajakontosid, sisestades käsureale järgneva: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Next, configure Samba by editing /etc/samba/smb.conf. The +security mode should be set to user, and the workgroup should +relate to the organization properly: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains section, add or uncomment the following: + + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + + +domain logons: provides the netlogon service causing Samba +to act as a domain controller. + + + + +logon path: places the user's Windows profile into their +home directory. It is also possible to configure a +[profiles] share placing all profiles under a single +directory. + + + +logimise ketas: iseloomustab kodukataloogi loogilist asukohta. + + +logimise kodu: iseloomustab kodukataloogi asukohta. + + + +logon script: determines the script to be run locally once +a user has logged in. The script needs to be placed in the +[netlogon] share. + + + + +add machine script: a script that will automatically create +the Machine Trust Account needed for a workstation to join +the domain. + +Selles näites on vaja luua masinate gruppi, kasutades addgroup utiliiti. Vaata Põhitõed üksikasjalikuma info saamiseks. + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + + +Uncomment the [homes] share to allow the logon home to be mapped: + + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + +Kui see on seadistatud kui domeenikontroller, siis [netlogon] jagamine peab olema seadistatud. Jagamise lubamiseks, eemalda kommentaar: + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + + +Now create the netlogon directory, and an +empty (for now) logon.cmd script file: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + +Iga normaalse Windowsi logimise skripti käsud saab sisestada logon.cmdsse, et kohandada klientide keskkonda. + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + +Taaskäivita viimaks Samba, et lubada uut domeenikontrollerit: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Nüüd on võimalik liituda Windowsi klientidel domeeniga samal viisil, kui liituti NT4 domeeniga Windowsi serveris. + + + + + + +Backup Domain Controller + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + +Paigalda esmalt samba ja libpam-smbpass. Terminali sisesta järgnev: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Now, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and uncomment the following +in the [global]: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +Eemalda või lisa kommentaar kommenteeritud Domeenides : + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + + +Make sure a user has rights to read the files in /var/lib/samba. For example, to allow users in the +admin group to scp the files, +enter: + + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + + +Next, sync the user accounts, using scp to copy the +/var/lib/samba directory from the PDC: + + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + +Viimaks taaskäivita samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Ressursid + + + +Samba põhjalikke seadistusjuhendeid vaata Samba HOWTO Collection + + +Juhend on saadaval ka trükitud vormingus. + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Samba Active Directory Integration + + +Accessing a Samba Share + +Sambat on veel võimalik kasutada olemasoleva Windowsi võrgu integreerimiseks. Aktiivse kataloogi (AD) domeeni osana pakub Samba AD kasutajatele faili- ja prinditeenuseid. + +Lihtsaim viis AD domeeniga liitumiseks on kasutada Likewise-openit. Juhendi leiad siit: . + + +Once part of the domain, enter the following command in the terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + +Siis kui likewise-open ja samba paketid kasutavad eraldi secrets.tdb faile, peab symlink olema loodud /var/lib/sambaisse: + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +Järgmiseks redigeeri /etc/samba/smb.confi, muutes järgnevat: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +Taaskäivita samba , et uued seadistused hakkaksid mõjuma: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Nüüd peaks olema võimalik pääseda ligi igale Samba jagamisele, kasutades Windowsi klienti. Siiski tuleks olla kindel, et see antakse õigetele AD kasutajatele ja gruppidele, kes pääsevad ligi jagatud kataloogidele. Vaata , et saada üksikasjalikumat infot. + + + + +Accessing a Windows Share + +Nüüd, kui Samba server on osa aktiivse kataloogi domeenist, on iga Windowsi serveri jagamisele ligipääs: + + + + +Windowsi failide jagamisega liitmiseks sisesta käsureale järgmist: + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + +Samuti on võimalik pääseda jagamistele ligi arvutitest, mitte osana AD domeenist. Selleks on vajalik kasutajanimi ja parool. + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + + +Another way to copy files from a Windows server is to use the +smbclient utility. To list the files in a Windows +share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +Faili kopeerimiseks jagamisest sisesta järgnev: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + +See kopeerib file.txti olemasolevasse kataloogi. + + + + +Ja kopeerib faili jagamisse: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + + +This will copy the /etc/hosts to //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + +Asenda kõik fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, username=steve,password=secret ja file.txt instandid õige serveri IPga, masinanimega, jagamise nimega, failinimega ja tegeliku kasutajanime ja parooliga, millel on õigused sellele jagamisele. + + + + +Ressursid + + +For more smbclient options see the man page: +man smbclient, also available +online. + + +mount.cifspealeht on samuti hea üksikasjaliku informatsiooni saamiseks. + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Paigaldamine + +Likewise Openi kasutamiseks on kaks viisi. Likewise-open käsurea utiliit likewise-open-gui. See sektsioon fokusseerub käsurea utiliidile. + +Likewise-open paketi paigaldamiseks ava terminal ning sisesta järgnev: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + +Likewise Open 5.0 paigaldamiseks sisesta järgnev: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Domeeniga liitumine + +Peamine likewise-open paketi käivitatav fail on /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, mis on kasutusel arvuti liitumisel domeeniga. Enne domeeniga liitumist on vajalik järgnev: + + + +Aktiivsele kataloogi kasutajale ligipääsemiseks sobivate õigustega, et liituda domeeniga. + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + +Kui võrgus puudub Windows DNS, siis vaata . + + + + +Domeeniga terminalist liitumiseks sisesta järgnev: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + +Asenda example.com õige domeeninimega ja Administraator korrektse kasutajanimega. + + +Sinul võidakse nõuda kasutaja parooli. Kui kõik läheb õigesti, siis kuvatakse konsoolis teade Õnnestus. + + +Peale domeeniga liitumist on vajalik taaskäivitamine enne domeeni autentimise katset + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + +Kui seadistad töölauda, peab kasutajanimi olema eesliitega domeen\. Seda samuti ka sisselogimisel. + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + + +Then restart the likewise-open daemons: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + +Kui vaikimisi domeen on seadistatud, siis pole 'domeen\' enam nõutud. Kasutajad saavad sisse logida sisestades ainult kasutajanime. + + + +The domainjoin-cli utility can also be used to leave +the domain. From a terminal: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Teised utiliidid + + +The likewise-open package comes with a few other +utilities that may be useful for gathering information about the Active +Directory environment. These utilities are used to join the machine to the +domain, and are the same as those available in the +samba-common and winbind +packages: + + + + +lwinet: Tagastab informatsiooni võrgu ja domeeni kohta. + + + +lwimsg: Allows interaction with the likewise-winbindd daemon. + + + +lwiinfo: Kuvab erinevate domeeniosade informatsiooni. + + + +Palun viita iga utiliidi spetsiifilisele pealehele üksikasjalikuma info saamiseks. + + + +Veatuvastus + + + +Kui kliendil on probleeme domeeniga liitumisel, vaata mida Microsoft DNS on loetlenud /etc/resolv.confis. Näide: + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +Domeeniga liitumise kohta rohkema info saamiseks kasuta --loglevel verbose või --advanced valikut domainjoin-cli utiliidist: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + +Kui aktiivse kataloogi kasutajal on probleeme sisselogimisega, siis vaata /var/log/auth.logi. + + +Kui Kubuntuga liitumisel on töölaua tööjaam domeen, võib olla vajalik redigeerida /etc/nsswitch.confi juhul, kui AD domeen kasutab .local süntaksi. Selleks, et liituda domeeniga, peab "mdns4" kirje olema eemaldatud hostsi valikust. Näide: + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + + +Change the above to: + + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + +Taaskäivita võrgustamine, sisestades järgnev: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + +Nüüd peaks olema võimalik liituda aktiivse kataloogi domeeniga. + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + +Järgnevalt on toodud instruktsioonid DNSi paigaldamiseks aktiivse kataloogi domeenikontrolleris, mis töötab Windows Server 2003 peal, kuid instruktsioonid peaks olema sarnased ka teiste versioonidega: + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Click Add or remove a role +Kliki järgmine +Vali "DNS server" +Kliki järgmine +Kliki järgmine uuesti, et nõustuda +Vali "Loo edasine otsingutsoon", kui see pole valitud. +Kliki järgmine +Make sure "This server maintains the zone" is selected and click Next. +Sisesta domeeninimi ja kliki järgmine +Click Next to "Allow only secure dynamic updates" + +Sisesta IP DNSi serveritele, et edastada päringuid või vali "Ei, see ei tohiks edastada päringuid" ning kliki järgmine. + +Kliki lõpeta +Kliki lõpeta + + +DNS is now installed and can be further configured using the Microsoft Management Console DNS snap-in. + + + + +Next, configure the Server to use itself for DNS queries: + +Kliki käivita +Juhtpaneel +Võrguühendused +Tee paremklikk "Kohalik võrguühendus" +Kliki omadused +Tee topeltklikk "Interneti protokoll (TCP/IP)" +Sisesta serveri IP aadress kui "Eelistatud DNS server" +Kliki Ok +Kliki Ok uuesti, et salvestada seadistused + + + + + + +Viited + +Palun vaata Likewise kodulehte rohkema info saamiseks. + +Rohkem domainjoin-cli valikuid on pealehel: man domainjoin-cli. + + + +
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+ +Partage de fichiers dans <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to share files between Kubuntu and Windows. + + + + + +Introduction + + +Computer networks are often comprised of diverse systems. While operating a +network made up entirely of Kubuntu desktop and server computers would +certainly be fun, some network environments will consist of Kubuntu and +Microsoft +Windows systems working together. This +section of the Kubuntu Server Guide introduces principles and tools used for +configuring Kubuntu servers to share network resources with Windows computers. + + + +Successfully networking a Kubuntu system with Windows clients involves +providing and integrating services common to Windows environments. These +services support sharing data and information about the computers and users +on the network, and may be classified into three major categories: + + + + + +File and Printer Sharing Services. The +Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is used to facilitate +sharing files, folders, volumes, and printers throughout the network. + + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + + +Authentication and Access. It is +necessary to be able to establish the identity of a computer or user to +determine the information the computer or user is authorized to access. +Authentication and access use principles and technologies such as file +permissions, group policies, and the Kerberos authentication service. + + + + + +A Kubuntu system can provide all such capabilities for Windows clients and +enable sharing network resources with them. One of the principal pieces of +software included in a Kubuntu system for Windows networking is the Samba +suite of SMB server applications and tools. + + + +This section of the Kubuntu Server Guide will introduce some of the ways Samba +is commonly used, and how to install and configure the necessary packages. +Additional detailed documentation and information on Samba can be found +on the Samba website. + + + + +Serveur de fichiers Samba + + +One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu and Windows computers is to +configure Samba as a File Server. This section covers setting up a +Samba server to share files with Windows clients. + + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Installation + + +The first step is to install the samba package. From a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + +That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing. + + + + +Configuration + + +The main Samba configuration file is located in +/etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a +significant number of comments in order to document various configuration +directives. + + + +Not all the available options are included in the default configuration file. See the smb.conf +man page or the +Samba HOWTO Collection for more details. + + + + + + + +Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section +of /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + + +Create a new section at the bottom of the file, or uncomment one of the +examples for the directory to be shared: + + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + + +path: the path to the directory to share. + + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + + +browsable: enables Windows clients to browse the shared +directory using Windows Explorer. + + + + +guest ok: allows clients to connect to the share without +supplying a password. + + + + +read only: determines if the share is read only or if write privileges are granted. Write privileges are allowed only when the value is no, as is seen in this example. If the value is yes, then access to the share is read only. + + + + +create mask: determines the permissions new files will have +when created. + + + + + + + + +Now that Samba is configured, the directory needs to +be created and the permissions changed. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart the samba services to enable the new configuration: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + + +The above configuration gives all access to any client on the local network. For +a more secure configuration, see . + + + + +From a Windows client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu file +server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try +creating a directory from Windows. + + + +To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] +sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart +Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually +exists and that the permissions are correct. + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + + + + + +Securing a Samba File and Print Server + + +Samba Security Modes + + +There are two security levels available to the Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS) +network protocol user-level and +share-level. Samba's security mode +implementation allows more flexibility, providing four ways of implementing +user-level security and one way to implement share-level: + + + + + +security = user: requires clients to supply a username and +password to connect to shares. Samba user accounts are separate from system +accounts, but the libpam-smbpass package will sync +system users and passwords with the Samba user database. + + + + +security = domain: this mode allows the Samba server to +appear to Windows clients as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain +Controller (BDC), or a Domain Member Server (DMS). See + for further information. + + + + +security = ADS: allows the Samba server to join an Active +Directory domain as a native member. See +for details. + + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + + +security = share: allows clients to connect to shares +without supplying a username and password. + + + + + +The preferred security mode depends on the environment and what the Samba +server needs to accomplish. + + + + +Security = User + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + + +First, install the libpam-smbpass package which will +sync the system users to the Samba user database: + + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + + +If the Samba Server task was chosen during installation, +libpam-smbpass is already installed. + + + + +Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf, and in the +[share] section change: + + + +guest ok = no + + + +Finally, restart Samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Now when connecting to the shared directories or printers, there will be a +prompt for a username and password. + + + + +To map a network drive to the share, Reconnect at Logon should be +checked, which will require the username and password to be entered just once, +at least until the password changes. + + + + + +Share Security + + +There are several options available to increase the security for each individual +shared directory. Using the [share] example, this section +will cover some common options. + + + +Groups + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + + +By default Samba looks for the local system groups defined in +/etc/group to determine which users belong to which +groups. For more information on adding and removing users from groups see + Basics. + + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +File Permissions + + +File Permissions define the explicit rights a computer or user has to a +particular directory, file, or set of files. Such permissions may be defined by +editing the /etc/samba/smb.conf file and specifying the +explicit permissions of a defined file share. + + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + + +After editing /etc/samba/smb.conf, restart Samba for the changes to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + +For the read list and write list to +work the Samba security mode must not be set to security = share + + + + +Now that Samba has been configured to limit which groups have access to the +shared directory, the filesystem permissions need to be updated. + + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + + +Then remount the partition: + + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + + +A Windows client will show that the new file permissions are implemented. See +the acl and setfacl man +pages for more information on POSIX ACLs. + + + + + +Samba AppArmor Profile + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + + +This package contains profiles for several other binaries. + + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + + +Edit /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adding information for +[share] from the file server example: + + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + + +Now place the profile into enforce and reload it: + + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + + +It is now possible to read, write, and execute files in the shared directory as +normal, and the smbd binary will have access to only +the configured files and directories. Be sure to add entries for each directory +that Samba is configured to share. Any errors will be logged to +/var/log/syslog. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations, see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + +Chapter 18 of the Samba HOWTO Collection is devoted to security. + + + + +For more information on Samba and ACLs, see the +Samba ACLs page +. + + + + + + + +Samba as a Domain Controller + + +Although it cannot act as an Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC), a +Samba server can be configured to appear as a Windows NT4-style domain +controller. A major advantage of this configuration is the ability to +centralize user and machine credentials. Samba can also use multiple backends +to store the user information. + + + +Primary Domain Controller + + +This section covers configuring Samba as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) using +the default smbpasswd backend. + + + + + + +Install Samba and libpam-smbpass to sync the user +accounts, by entering the following in a terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Next, configure Samba by editing /etc/samba/smb.conf. The +security mode should be set to user, and the workgroup should +relate to the organization properly: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains section, add or uncomment the following: + + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + + +domain logons: provides the netlogon service causing Samba +to act as a domain controller. + + + + +logon path: places the user's Windows profile into their +home directory. It is also possible to configure a +[profiles] share placing all profiles under a single +directory. + + + + +logon drive: specifies the home directory local path. + + + + +logon home: specifies the home directory location. + + + + +logon script: determines the script to be run locally once +a user has logged in. The script needs to be placed in the +[netlogon] share. + + + + +add machine script: a script that will automatically create +the Machine Trust Account needed for a workstation to join +the domain. + + +In this example, the machines group will need to be created +using the addgroup utility. See Basics for details. + + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + + +Uncomment the [homes] share to allow the logon home to be mapped: + + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + + +When configured as a domain controller, a [netlogon] share +needs to be configured. To enable the share, uncomment: + + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + + +Now create the netlogon directory, and an +empty (for now) logon.cmd script file: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + + +Any normal Windows logon script commands can be entered in +logon.cmd to customize the client's environment. + + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin +rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart Samba to enable the new domain controller: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +It is now possible to join Windows clients to the Domain in the same manner as +joining them to an NT4 domain running on a Windows server. + + + + + + + +Backup Domain Controller + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + + +First, install samba and libpam-smbpass. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Now, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and uncomment the following +in the [global]: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains uncomment or add: + + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + + +Make sure a user has rights to read the files in /var/lib/samba. For example, to allow users in the +admin group to scp the files, +enter: + + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + + +Next, sync the user accounts, using scp to copy the +/var/lib/samba directory from the PDC: + + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart samba: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Samba Active Directory Integration + + +Accessing a Samba Share + + +Another use for Samba is to integrate into an existing Windows network. Once +part of an Active Directory (AD) domain, Samba can provide file and print +services to AD users. + + + +The simplest way to join an AD domain is to use +Likewise-open. For detailed instructions, see . + + + +Once part of the domain, enter the following command in the terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + + +Since the likewise-open and samba packages use separate +secrets.tdb files, a symlink must be created in /var/lib/samba: + + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + + +Next, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf changing: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + + +Restart samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +It should now be possible to access any Samba shares +from a Windows client. However, be sure to give the appropriate AD users or +groups access to the share directory. See for +more details. + + + + + +Accessing a Windows Share + + +Now that the Samba server is part of the Active Directory domain, any Windows +server shares can be accessed: + + + + + + +To mount a Windows file share, enter the following in a terminal prompt: + + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + + +It is also possible to access shares on computers not part of an AD domain, but +a username and password must be provided. + + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + + +Another way to copy files from a Windows server is to use the +smbclient utility. To list the files in a Windows +share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + + +To copy a file from the share, enter: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + + +This will copy the file.txt into the current directory. + + + + + + +And to copy a file to the share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + + +This will copy the /etc/hosts to //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + + +Replace all instances of fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, +username=steve,password=secret, and +file.txt with the proper server IP, hostname, +share name, file name, and an actual username and password with rights to the +share. + + + + + +Resources + + +For more smbclient options see the man page: +man smbclient, also available +online. + + + +The mount.cifs +man +page is also useful for more detailed information. + + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Installation + + +There are two ways to use Likewise Open, +likewise-open the command line utility and +likewise-open-gui. This section focuses on the +command line utility. + + + +To install the likewise-open package, open a terminal prompt and enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + + +To install Likewise Open 5.0 enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Joining a Domain + + +The main executable file of the likewise-open package +is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a +computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed: + + + + + +Access to an Active Directory user with appropriate rights to join the domain. + + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + + +If there is not a Windows DNS server on the network, see for details. + + + + + + +To join a domain, from a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + + +Replace example.com with the proper domain name, and +Administrator with the appropriate user name. + + + + +There will be a prompt for the user's password. If all goes well, a +SUCCESS message should be printed to the console. + + + + +After joining the domain, it is necessary to reboot before +attempting to authenticate against the domain. + + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + + +If configuring a Desktop, the user name will need to be prefixed with domain\ in the graphical logon as well. + + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + + +Then restart the likewise-open daemons: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + + +Once configured for a default domain, the 'domain\' is no longer required. Users can login using +only their username. + + + + +The domainjoin-cli utility can also be used to leave +the domain. From a terminal: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Other Utilities + + +The likewise-open package comes with a few other +utilities that may be useful for gathering information about the Active +Directory environment. These utilities are used to join the machine to the +domain, and are the same as those available in the +samba-common and winbind +packages: + + + + + +lwinet: Returns information about the network and the domain. + + + + +lwimsg: Allows interaction with the likewise-winbindd daemon. + + + + +lwiinfo: Displays information about various parts of +the Domain. + + + + + +Please refer to each utility's man page specific for details. + + + + +Troubleshooting + + + + +If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the Microsoft DNS is +listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. +For example: + + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + + +For more information when joining a domain, use the --loglevel verbose or --advanced option of the +domainjoin-cli utility: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + + +If an Active Directory user has trouble logging in, check the /var/log/auth.log for details. + + + + +When joining an Kubuntu Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary +to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the +.local syntax. In order to join the domain, +the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the +hosts option. For example: + + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + + +Change the above to: + + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + + +Then restart networking by entering: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + + +It should now be possible to join the Active Directory domain. + + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + + +The following are instructions for installing DNS on an Active Directory domain +controller running Windows Server 2003, but the instructions should be similar +for other versions: + + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Click Add or remove a role +Click Next +Select "DNS Server" +Click Next +Click Next again to proceed +Select "Create a forward lookup zone" if it is not selected. +Click Next +Make sure "This server maintains the zone" is selected and click Next. +Enter the domain name and click Next +Click Next to "Allow only secure dynamic updates" + + +Enter the IP for DNS servers to forward queries to, or Select "No, it should not forward queries" and click Next. + + +Click Finish +Click Finish + + +DNS is now installed and can be further configured using the Microsoft Management Console DNS snap-in. + + + +Ensuite, configurez le serveur pour qu'il traite lui-même les requêtes DNS : +Click Start +Control Panel +Connexions réseau +Right Click "Local Area Connection" +Click Properties +Double click "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" +Enter the Server's IP Address as the "Preferred DNS server" +Cliquez sur Ok +Cliquez à nouveau sur Ok pour sauvegarder les réglages. + + + + + +References + +Veuillez consulter la page d'accueil de Likewise (en anglais) pour plus d'informations. + + +For more domainjoin-cli options see the man page: man domainjoin-cli. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/it/sharing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/it/sharing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/it/sharing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/it/sharing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1371 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Condividere i file in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento spiega come condividere i file tra Kubuntu e Windows. + + + + +Introduzione + +Le reti di computer sono spesso composte di sistemi diversi. Se operare in un rete costituita interamente di desktop Kubuntu e computer server sarebbe certamente divertente, alcuni ambienti di rete consistono di sistemi Kubuntu e MicrosoftWindows che lavorano assieme. Questa sezione della guida al server di Kubuntu introduce i principi e gli strumenti per la configurazione dei server Kubuntu alla condivisione delle risorse di rete con i computer Windows. + +Costruire correttamente una rete tra un sistema Kubuntu e dei client Windows, implica la fornitura e l'integrazione di servizi comuni agli ambienti Windows. Questi servizi supportano la condivisione di dati e informazioni sui computer e gli utenti nella rete, e possono essere classificati in tre categorie principali: + + + +Servizi di condivisione di stampa e di file. Il protocollo Server Message Block (SMB) viene utilizzato per facilitare la condivisione in rete di file, cartelle, volumi e stampanti. + + +Servizi di directory. Le informazioni vitali sui computer e gli utenti della rete sono condivise con tecnologie tipo Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) e Microsoft Active Directory. + + +Autenticazione e accesso. Si deve stabilire l'identità di un computer o un utente per determinare a quali informazioni il computer o l'utente può accedere. L'autenticazione e l'accesso utilizzano principi e tecnologie quali permessi sui file, politiche di gruppo e il servizio di autenticazione Kerberos. + + + +Un sistema Kubuntu può fornire tutte queste risorse per i client Windows e abilitare la condivisione delle risorse di rete con loro. Uno di più importanti programmi inclusi nel sistema Kubuntu per il collegamento in rete con Windows è la suite Samba di applicazioni e strumenti server SMB. + +Questa sezione della guida al server di Kubuntu introdurrà alcuni modi in cui viene usato comunemente Samba e come installare e configurare i pacchetti necessari. Documentazione dettagliata e informazioni aggiuntive su Samba si possono trovare nel sito web di Samba. + + + +Server di file Samba + +Uno dei metodi più comuni per collegare in rete i computer Kubuntu e Windows è configurare Samba come server di file. Questa sezione spiega come impostare un server Samba per condividere i file con i client Windows. + +Il server sarà configurato per condividere file con tutti i client presenti nella rete senza richiedere una password. Se l'ambiente richiede controlli di accesso più ristretti, consultare + + +Installazione + +Per prima cosa installate il pacchetto samba. Alla riga di comando, digitate: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +Questo è tutto. Samba è pronto per essere configurato per la condivisione dei file. + + + +Configurazione + +Il file di configurazione principale di Samba si trova in /etc/samba/smb.conf. Il file di configurazione predefinito contiene un significativo numero di commenti che documentano le varie opzioni di configurazione. + +Non tutte le opzioni disponibili sono incluse nel file di configurazione predefinito. Per maggiori informazioni, consultate la pagina man di smb.conf oppure «Samba HOWTO Collection». + + + + + +Modificate le seguenti coppie di chiavi/valori nella sezione [global] di /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + +workgroup = ESEMPIO +... +security = utente + + +Il parametro security è più in basso nella sezione [global] e non è commentato per impostazione predefinita. Modificate ESEMPIO per farlo corrispondere all'ambiente reale. + + + + +Create una nuova sezione alla fine del file o togliete il commento a uno degli esempi per la directory da condividere: + + +[share] +comment = Condivisione server di file Ubuntu +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + +comment: una breve descrizione della condivisione. Modificatelo per adattarlo opportunamente. + + +path: il percorso alla directory da condividere. +Questo esempio utilizza /srv/samba/sharename perché, in base al Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv è la directory dove devono essere serviti i dati di un sito specifico. Tecnicamente, le condivisioni Samba possono essere collocate in qualsiasi punto del file system purché i permessi siano corretti, ma è raccomandato il rispetto degli standard. + + +browsable: abilita i client Windows a esplorare la directory condivisa usando Windows Explorer. + + +guest ok: consente ai client di connettersi alla condivisione senza dover fornire una password. + + +sola lettura: determina se la condivisione è di sola lettura o se sono garantiti anche i privilegi di scrittura. I privilegi di scrittura sono consentiti solo quando il valore è no, come mostrato nell'esempio. Se il valore è sì, allora l'accesso alla condivisione è in sola lettura. + + +create mask: determina i permessi dei nuovi file creati. + + + + + + +Ora che Samba è configurato, è necessario creare la directory e modificarne i permessi. Da un terminale digitate: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + +Il comando -p dice a mkdir di creare l'intera struttura della directory, se non esiste. Modificate il nome della condivisione per adeguarsi all'ambiente. + + + + + +Infine, riavviate il servizio samba per abilitare la nuova configurazione: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +La configurazione qui sopra fornisce l'accesso completo a tutti i client nella rete locale. Per una configurazione più sicura, consultate . + + +Da un client Windows ora dovrebbe essere possibile nel server di file Kubuntu e osservare la directory condivisa. Per verificare che tutto funzioni, provate a creare una directory da Windows. + +Per creare condivisioni aggiuntive, basta creare nuove sezioni [dir] in /etc/samba/smb.conf e riavviare Samba. Assicuratevi che la directory da condividere esista realmente e che i permessi siano corretti. + + +Risorse + + + +Per configurazioni più dettagliate su Samba, consultate Samba HOWTO Collection + + +La guida è disponibile anche in formato cartaceo. + + +Il libro Using Samba di O'Reilly è un'altra buona lettura. + + + + + + + +Rendere sicuro un server di file e di stampa Samba + + +Modalità di sicurezza di Samba + +Esistono due livelli di sicurezza disponibili al protocollo CIFS (Common Internet Filesystem): a livello utente e a livello condivisione. L'implementazione della modalità di sicurezza di Samba consente una maggiore flessibilità, fornendo quattro modi per implementare la sicurezza a livello utente e uno per quella a livello condivisione. + + + +security = user: richiede a client di fornire nome utente e password per collegarsi alla condivisione. Gli account di Samba sono separati da quelli di sistema, ma il pacchetto libpam-smbpass consente di sincronizzare utenti e password con il database degli utenti di Samba. + + +security = domain: questa modalità consente al server Samba di apparire ai client Windows come «Primary Domain Controller» (PDC), «Backup Domain Controller» (BDC) oppure «Domain Member Server» (DMS). Per maggiori informazioni, consultate . + + +security = ADS: consente al server Samba di unirsi a un dominio «Active Directory» come membro nativo. Per maggiori informazioni, consultate . + + +security = server: questa modalità è sospesa da prima che Samba potesse diventare un server membro e, a causa di alcuni problemi di sicurezza, non deve essere utilizzata. Per ulteriori informazioni, consultate la sezione Server Security della guida di Samba. + + +security = share: consente ai client di collegarsi alle condivisioni senza fornire nome utente e password. + + + +La modalità di sicurezza preferita dipende dall'ambiente e da cosa il server Samba deve realizzare. + + + +Livello di sicurezza utente + +Questa sezione spiega come riconfigurare il server di file e stampa Samba, da e il Server di stampa, affinché richieda l'autenticazione. + +Per prima cosa, installate il pacchetto libpam-smbpass che consente di sincronizzare gli utenti di sistema col database degli utenti di Samba: + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + +Se l'attività server di Samba era stata scelta durante l'installazione, libpam-smbpass è già installato. + + +Aprite il file /etc/samba/smb.conf e nella sezione [share] modificate: + + +guest ok = no + + +Riavviate Samba affinché le nuove impostazioni abbiano effetto: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Ora, quando ci si connette con directory o stampanti condivise, verranno richiesti un nome utente e una password. + + +Per individuare un dispositivo di rete nella condivisione, deve essere attivata l'opzione Riconnetti all'accesso, che richiederà solo una volta la digitazione del nome utente e della password, almeno fino a quando la password cambia. + + + + +Livello di sicurezza condivisione + +Ci sono diverse opzioni disponibili per aumentare la sicurezza di ogni singola directory condivisa. Facendo uso dell'esempio [share], questa sezione illustra alcune di queste opzioni. + + +Gruppi + +I gruppi definiscono una raccolta di computer o utenti che hanno un livello comune di accesso a specifiche risorse della rete e offrono un livello di granulosità nel controllo dell'accesso a tali risorse. Per esempio, se è definito un gruppo qa che contiene gli utenti freda, danika e rob, ed è definito un secondo gruppo support composto dagli utenti danika, jeremy e vincent, allora certe risorse di rete configurate per consentire l'accesso al gruppo qa abiliteranno di conseguenza l'accesso da freda, danika, e rob, ma non da jeremy o vincent. Poiché l'utente danika appartiene sia al gruppo qa, sia a quello support, sarà in grado di accedere alle risorse configurate per l'accesso da entrambi i gruppi, laddove tutti gli altri utenti avranno accesso solo alle risorse che permettono l'accesso esplicito al gruppo di cui fanno parte. + + +Per impostazione predefinita, Samba cerca i gruppi del sistema locale definiti in /etc/group, per determinare a quali gruppi appartengono gli utenti. Per ulteriori informazioni sull'aggiunta e la rimozione degli utenti dai gruppi, consultate la sezione Fondamenti. + +Quando si definiscono i gruppo nel file di configurazione Samba, /etc/samba/smb.conf, la sintassi riconosciuta è far precedere il nome del gruppo con il simbolo «@». Ad esempio, per definire un gruppo chiamato sysadmin in una certa sezione di /etc/samba/smb.conf, il nome del gruppo deve essere inserito come @sysadmin. + + + +Permessi dei file + +I permessi dei file definiscono i diritti che un computer o un utente ha su una particolare directory, file o insieme di file. Tali permessi possono essere definiti modificando il file /etc/samba/smb.conf e specificando i permessi di una condivisione definita. + +Per esempio, per una condivisione Samba chiamata share e la necessità di attribuire permessi di sola lettura al gruppo di utenti conosciuto come qa, e continuando a mantenere condivisi i permessi di scrittura per il gruppo chiamato sysadmin e l'utente vincent, allora il file /etc/samba/smb.conf potrebbe essere modificato per aggiungere le seguenti voci sotto la voce [share]: + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + +Un altro permesso possibile in Samba è dichiarare permessi amministrativi a una particolare risorsa condivisa. Gli utenti che hanno permessi amministrativi possono leggere, scrivere o modificare qualsiasi informazione contenuta nelle risorse per le quali sono stati attribuiti loro permessi amministrativi espliciti. + +Per esempio, per attribuire permessi amministrativi all'utente melissa all'esempio share, il /etc/samba/smb.conf deve essere modificato per aggiungere la riga seguente sotto la voce [share]: + + +admin users = melissa + + +Modificato il file /etc/samba/smb.conf, riavviate Samba affinché le modifiche abbiano effetto: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Affinché read list e write list funzionino, il modello di sicurezza di Samba non deve essere impostato a security = share + + +Ora che Samba è stato configurato per limitare quali gruppi hanno accesso alla directory condivisa, è necessario aggiornare i permessi del file system. + +I permessi Linux tradizionali sui file non eseguono bene la mappatura degli Access Control Lists (ACL, 'elenchi di controllo dell'accesso') di Windows NT. Per fortuna, sui server Kubuntu sono disponibili gli ACL POSIX, che forniscono un controllo più dettagliato. Per esempio, per abilitare gli ACL su /srv in un file system EXT3, modificate /etc/fstab aggiungendo l'opzione acl: + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Quindi montate nuovamente la partizione: + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + +L'esempio di sopra suppone /srv in una partizione separata. Se /srv, od ovunque sia configurato il percorso di condivisione, fa parte della partizione /, è richiesto un riavvio. + + +Per ottenere la corrispondenza con la configurazione Samba qui sopra, al gruppo sysadmin saranno attribuiti i permessi di lettura, scrittura e esecuzione in /srv/samba/share, nel gruppo qa i permessi di lettura ed esecuzione, e i file apparterranno al nome utente melissa. Digitate i seguenti comandi in un terminale: + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + +Il comando setfacl qui sopra attribuisce i permessi di esecuzione a tutti i file nella directory /srv/samba/share, la qual cosa può essere o no consigliabile. + + +Un client Windows mostrerà che i nuovi permessi dei file sono implementati. Consultate le pagine man acl e setfacl per ulteriori informazioni sugli ACL POSIX. + + + + +Profilo AppArmor Samba + +Kubuntu è distribuito col modulo di sicurezza AppArmor, che fornisce controlli obbligatori degli accessi. Il profilo AppArmor predefinito per Samba dovrà essere adattato opportunamente alla configurazione. Per ulteriori dettagli sull'uso di AppArmor, consultate il wiki. + +Esistono profili AppArmor predefiniti per /usr/sbin/smbd e /usr/sbin/nmbd, gli eseguibili dei demoni Samba, come parte dei pacchetti apparmor-profiles. Per installare il pacchetto, da un prompt di terminale, digitare: + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + +Questo pacchetto contiene profili per molti altri binari. + + +Per impostazione predefinita, i profili per smbd e nmbd sono in modalità apprendimento ('complain'), che consente a Samba di funzionare senza modificare il profilo, e con solo la registrazione degli errori. Per mettere il profilo smbd in modalità esecuzione ('enforce'), e far funzionare Samba come ci si attende, il profilo dovrà essere modificato per rispecchiare tutte le directory condivise. + +Modificate /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, aggiungendo le informazioni per [share] dall'esempio del server di file: + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +Ora impostate il profilo in modalità enforce e ricaricatelo: + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + +Ora è possibile leggere, scrivere ed eseguire i file come normali nella directory condivisa, e l'eseguibile smbd avrà accesso solo ai file e le directory configurate. Assicuratevi di aggiungere le voci per ciascuna directory che Samba deve condividere. Tutti gli errori saranno registrati in /var/log/syslog. + + + +Risorse + + + +Per le configurazioni Samba approfondite, consultate Samba HOWTO Collection + + +La guida è disponibile anche in formato cartaceo. + + +Il libro Using Samba di O'Reilly è un'altra buona lettura. + + +Il capitolo 18 della «Samba HOWTO Collection» è dedicato alla sicurezza. + + +Per ulteriori informazioni su Samba e ACL, consultate la pagina ACL Samba. + + + + + + +Samba come controller di dominio + +Benché non possa funzionare come un controller di dominio primario (PDC) Active Directory, un server Samba può essere configurato per apparire come un controller di dominio in stile Windows NT4. Uno dei vantaggi di questa configurazione consiste nell'abilità di centralizzare le credenziali di utenti e computer. Samba, inoltre, può utilizzare diversi backend per archiviare le informazioni. + + +Controller di dominio primario (PDC) + +Questa sezione spiega come configurare Samba come controller di dominio primario (PDC) usando il backend predefinito «smbpasswd». + + + + +Installate Samba e libpam-smbpass per sincronizzare gli account utente, digitando il seguente comando dal prompt di terminale: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Dopo configurate Samba modificando /etc/samba/smb.conf. La modalità security deve essere impostata a user, e il workgroup ('gruppo di lavoro') deve essere connesso correttamente all'organizzazione: + + +workgroup = ESEMPIO +... +security = utente + + + + + +Nella sezione commentata Domains, aggiungete o togliete il seguente commento: + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +domain logons: fornisce il servizio netlogon facendo in modo che Samba si comporti come un controller di dominio. + + +logon path: posiziona il profilo degli utenti Windows all'interno della loro directory home. È possibile anche configurare una condivisione [profiles] posizionando tutti i profili all'interno di una sola directory. + + +logon drive: specifica il percorso locale della directory home. + + +logon home: specifica la posizione della directory home. + + +logon script: determina quale script eseguire localmente una volta che un utente ha eseguito l'accesso. Lo script deve essere all'interno della condivisione [netlogon]. + + +add machine script: uno script che crea automaticamente lo Machine Trust Account necessario per accedere al dominio. +In questo esempio, il gruppo machines dovrà essere creato con l'utilità addgroup. Per dettagli, consultate Fondamenti. + + + + +Se Roaming Profiles non verrà usato, lasciate le opzioni logon home e logon path con commento. + + + + + +Togliete il commento alla condivisione [homes] per consentire la mappatura di logon home: + + +[homes] +comment = Directory Home +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + +Quando viene configurato come controller di dominio, deve essere configurata una condivisione [netlogon]. Per abilitare la condivisione, togliete il commento: + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + +Il percorso della condivisione netlogon originale è /home/samba/netlogon ma, in base al Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv è la posizione corretta per i dati specifici del sito forniti dal sistema. + + + + + +Create la directory netlogon e un file logon.cmd per ora vuoto: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + +Per personalizzare l'ambiente del client, in logon.cmd possono essere inseriti tutti i comandi script di accesso Windows. + + + + +Essendo root disabilitato per impostazione predefinita, un gruppo di sistema, per unire una workstation al dominio, deve aver eseguito la mappatura al gruppo Domain Admins Windows. Utilizzando l'utilità net, digitare da un terminale: + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + +Modificate sysadmin al gruppo preferito. L'utente utilizzato per unirsi al dominio deve essere membro del gruppo sysadmin, così come membro del gruppo di sistema admin. Il gruppo admin consente l'uso di sudo. + + + + + +Riavviate Samba per abilitare il nuovo controller di dominio: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Ora è possibile unire client Windows al dominio nello stesso modo in cui si uniscono a un dominio NT4 in esecuzione su un server Windows. + + + + + + +Controller di dominio di backup + +Con un Primary Domain Controller (PDC, 'controller di dominio primario') sulla rete, è meglio avere anche un Backup Domain Controller (BDC, 'controller di dominio di backup'). Questo permette ai client di autenticarsi, nel caso in cui PDC divenga indisponibile. + +Quando si configura Samba come BDC, ci deve essere un metodo per sincronizzare le informazioni di account col PDC. Esistono diversi metodi per realizzarla, come scp, rsync oppure usando LDAP come backend passdb. + +L'uso di LDAP è il metodo più affidabile per sincronizzare le informazioni di account, dato che i entrambi i controller di dominio possono utilizzare in tempo reale le stesse informazioni. Tuttavia, configurare un server LDAP per un ridotto numero di account utente e di computer può essere abbastanza complicato. Consultate Samba la pagina LDAP per i dettagli. + + + + +Installate samba e libpam-smbpass. Da un terminale digitate: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Modificate il file /etc/samba/smb.conf e togliete il commento a quanto segue nella sezione [global]: + + +workgroup = ESEMPIO +... +security = utente + + + + + +Nella sezione Domains togliete il commento o aggiungete quanto segue: + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + +Assicuratevi che un utente abbia i permessi di lettura sui file in /var/lib/samba. Per esempio, per consentire agli utenti del gruppo admin di eseguire scp sui file, digitate: + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + +Sincronizzate gli account utente usando scp per copiare la directory /var/lib/samba dal PDC: + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + +Sostituite il nome utente con un nome utente valido e pdc col nome host o l'indirizzo IP del PDC reale. + + + + + +Riavviate samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Verificate che il controller Backup Domain stia lavorando fermando il demone Samba nel PDC, poi tentare di accedere a un client a Windows unito al dominio. + +Se l'opzione logon home è stata configurata come directory sul PDC, e il PDC diventa indisponibile, sarà indisponibile anche l'accesso al dispositivo Home dell'utente. Per questa ragione, è meglio configurare logon home a risiedere in un server di file separato dal PDC e il BDC. + + + + +Risorse + + + +Per configurazioni più dettagliate su Samba, consultate Samba HOWTO Collection + + +La guida è disponibile anche in formato cartaceo. + + +Il libro Using Samba di O'Reilly è un'altra buona lettura. + + +Il capitolo 4 di Samba HOWTO Collection spiega come configurare un Primary Domain Controller. + + +Il capitolo 5 di Samba HOWTO Collection spiega come configurare un Backup Domain Controller. + + + + + + + +Integrare Samba con Active Directory + + +Accedere a una condivisione Samba + +Un altro utilizzo per Samba è integrarlo in una rete Windows esistente. Una volta parte di un dominio Active Directory (AD), Samba può fornire agli utenti AD servizi di stampa e di file. + +Il modo più semplice per unirsi a un dominio AD è utilizzare Likewise-open. Per istruzioni dettagliate, consultate . + +Una volta parte del dominio, digitate il seguente comando nel prompt del terminale: + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + +Dato che i pacchetti likewise-open e samba utilizzano file secrets.tdb separati, deve essere creato un collegamento simbolico in /var/lib/samba: + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +Aprite il file /etc/samba/smb.conf e modificare quanto segue: + + +workgroup = ESEMPIO +... +security = ads +realm = ESEMPIO.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +Riavviate samba affinché le nuove impostazioni abbiano effetto: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Ora dovrebbe essere possibile accedere a qualsiasi condivisione Samba da un client Windows. Tuttavia, assicuratevi di attribuire l'accesso alla directory condivisa ai giusti utenti o gruppi AD. Per ulteriori informazioni, consultate . + + + + +Accedere a una condivisione Windows + +Ora che il server Samba è parte del dominio Active Directory, si può accedere a tutte le condivisioni server di Windows: + + + + +Per montare una condivisione a un file Windows, digitate in un prompt di terminale: + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + +È anche possibile accedere a condivisioni su computer che non fanno parte di un dominio AD, ma devono essere fornite un nome utente e una password. + + + + +Per montare la condivizione durante all'avvio, inserite una voce /etc/fstab, per esempio: + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + +Un altro modo per copiare i file da un server Windows consiste nell'usare l'utilità smbclient. Per elencare i file presenti in una condivisione Windows: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +Per copiare un file da una condivisione, digitate: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + +In questo modo si copierà il file file.txt nella directory corrente. + + + + +Per copiare una file nella condivisione: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + +In questo modo il file /etc/hosts verrà copiato in //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + +L'opzione -c usata sopra permette l'esecuzione improvvisa del comando smbclient. Questo è utile per esecuzione di scrip e altre operazioni minori sui file. Per inserire il prompt smb: \>, simile a un prompt FTP in cui possono essere eseguiti normali comandi per file e directory, basta eseguire il seguente comando in Konsole: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + +Sostituite tutte le istanze di fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, username=steve,password=secret e file.txt con i corretti IP del server, nome host, nome condivisione, nome del file e un nome utente e password reali con diritti alla condivisione. + + + + +Risorse + +Per ulteriori opzioni di smbclient, consultate la pagina man: man smbclient, disponibile anche in rete. + +Anche la pagina man di mount.cifs è ricca di utili informazioni. + + + + + +Likewise Open + +Likewise Open semplifica la configurazione necessaria per autenticare una macchina Linux in un dominio Active Directory. Basato su winbind, il pacchetto likewise-open si prende l'onere di integrare l'autenticazione di Kubuntu in una rete Windows esistente. + + +Installazione + +Ci sono due metodi per utilizzare Likewise Open, tramite l'utilità a riga di comando likewise-open e likewise-open-gui. Questa sezione prende in esame l'utilità a riga di comando. + +Per installare il pacchetto likewise-open, aprite un terminale e digitate: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + +Da Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 è disponibile nel deposito Universe. Tuttavia, l'aggiornamento da Likewise Open 4.1 richiede al momento che il sistema si stacchi dal dominio e si unisca di nuovo, in modo da creare un pacchetto separato per la versione cinque. + +Per installare Likewise Open 5.0 digitate: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + +L'installazione di likewise-open5 su un'installazione likewise-open (4.1) esistente la sostituirà. Ci si dovrà nuovamente unire al dominio dopo l'installazione. + + + + +Entrare in un dominio + +Il file eseguibile principale del pacchetto likewise-open è /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, ed è utilizzato per unire un computer al dominio. Prima di unirsi a un dominio, sono necessari i seguenti requisiti: + + + +Accesso a un utente Active Directory con i permessi necessari per entrare nel dominio. + + +Il Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) del dominio cui unirsi. Se il dominio AD non corrisponde a un dominio valido come esempio.com, è probabile che esso sia nella forma di nomedominio.local. + + +DNS per il dominio impostato correttamente. In un ambiente AD di lavoro, questo è il tipico caso. Un corretto Microsoft DNS è necessario affinché le workstation client possano determinare che il dominio Active Directory è disponibile. +Se non esiste un server DNS Windows sulla rete, consultate per dettagli. + + + + +Per entrare in un dominio, da un terminale, digitate: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + +Sostituite esempio.com col nome corretto del dominio e Administrator col nome utente appropriato. + + +Verrà richiesta la password dell'utente. Se tutto va per il verso giusto, apparirà il messaggio SUCCESS nella console. + + +Una volta uniti al dominio, è necessario riavviare prima di tentare l'autenticazione. + + +dopo aver correttamente unito una macchina Kubuntu a un dominio Active Directory, per l'autenticazione può essere utilizzato qualsiasi utente AD valido. Per accedere, il nome utente deve essere inserito come 'dominio\nomeutente'. Per esempio, per accedere in ssh a un server unito al dominio, digitate: + + +ssh 'example\mario'@nomehost + + + +Se state configurando un desktop, il nome utente dovrà contenere il prefisso dominio anche nella schermata di accesso grafica. + + +Per fare in modo che likewise-open usi un dominio predefinito, può essere aggiunta la seguente dichiarazione a /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + +Riavviate quindi i demoni likewise-open: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + +Una volta configurato per un dominio predefinito, il prefisso 'dominio\' non è più richiesto. Gli utenti possono accedere utilizzando solo il loro nome utente. + + +L'utilità domainjoin-cli può essere usata per lasciare il dominio. Da un terminale digitate: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Altre utilità + +Il pacchetto likewise-open dispone di altre utilità che possono rivelarsi utili per ottenere informazioni sull'ambiente Active Directory. Queste utilità sono usate per introdurre un computer nel dominio e sono le stesse disponibili nei pacchetti samba-common e winbind: + + + +lwinet: fornisce informazioni riguardo la rete e il dominio. + + +lwimsg: consente di interagire con il demone likewise-winbindd. + + +lwiinfo: visualizza informazioni riguardo diverse parti del dominio. + + + +Per maggiori informazioni, consultare le pagine man delle utilità. + + + +Risoluzione dei problemi + + + +Se il client presenta problemi per unirsi al dominio, controllate che il DNS Microsoft sia elencato per primo in /etc/resolv.conf. Per esempio: + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +Per ricevere maggiori informazioni mentre si entra in un dominio, usate l'opzione --loglevel verbose o --advanced dell'utilità domainjoin-cli: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join esempio.com Administrator + + + +Se un utente Active Directory ha problemi durante l'accesso, controllate /var/log/auth.log per i dettagli. + + +Quando si unisce una workstation desktop Kubuntu a un dominio, potrebbe essere necessario modificare /etc/nsswitch.conf se il dominio AD utilizza la sintassi .local. Per unirsi al dominio, la voce "mdns4" deve essere rimossa dall'opzione hosts. Per esempio: + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +Modificare in: + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + +Quindi riavviate i servizi di rete: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + +Ora dovrebbe essere possibile unirsi al dominio Active Directory. + + + + + +DNS Microsoft + +Quelle che seguono sono istruzioni per installare DNS su un controller di dominio Active Directory in esecuzione su Windows Server 2003, ma le istruzioni dovrebbero essere simili ad altre versioni: + + + + + +Fate clic su StartStrumenti di amministrazioneGestione del server. Si aprirà l'utilità Gestione ruoli del server. + +Fate clic su Aggiungi o rimuovi un ruolo +Fate clic su Successivo +Selezionate «Server DNS» +Fate clic su Successivo +Fate di nuovo clic su Successivo per procedere +Selezionate, nel caso non lo sia, «Crea una zona di ricerca diretta». +Fate clic su Successivo +Assicuratevi che sia selezionato «Questo server mantiene la zona» e fate clic su Successivo. +Inserite il nome del dominio e fate clic su Successivo. +Fate clic su Successivo per «Consenti solo aggiornamenti dinamici sicuri» + +Inserite l'indirizzo IP per i server DNS a cui inoltrare le richieste o selezionate «No, non inoltrare richieste» e fate clic su Successivo. + +Fate clic su Fine +Fate clic su Fine + +Il DNS è ora installato e può essere ulteriormente configurato utilizzando lo snap-in DNS di Microsoft Management Console. + + +Ora, configurate il server affinché venga usato per le richieste DNS: +Fate clic su Start +Pannello di controllo +Connessioni di rete +Fare clic col tasto destro del mouse su «Connessione ad area locale» +Fate clic su «Proprietà» +Fate doppio-clic su «Protocollo Internet (TCP/IP)» +Inserite l'indirizzo IP del server come «Server DNS preferito» +Fate clic su Ok +Fate di nuovo clic su Ok per salvare le impostazioni + + + + + +Riferimenti + +Per maggiori informazioni, consultate il sito web di Likewise. + +Per maggiori informazioni sulle opzioni di domainjoin-cli, consultate la pagina man man domainjoin-cli. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/km/sharing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/km/sharing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/km/sharing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/km/sharing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1371 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​នឹង​ពន្យល់​អំពី​របៀបចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ​រវាង​ គូប៊ុនទូ និង វីនដូ ។ + + + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ + +បណ្តាញ​​របស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ជាញឹក​ញាប់​មាន​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ផ្សេង​ពី​គ្នា​ ។ ខណៈ​ដែល​ការ​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​​បណ្តាញ​បង្កើត​នូវ​​​ផ្ទៃ​តុទាំង​មូល​របស់​​ គូប៊ុនទូ និងកុំព្យូទ័រ​​​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ដែល​​​គួរ​ឲ្យ​អស្ចារ្យ​​ បរិស្ថាន​បណ្តាញ​ខ្លះ​នឹង​មាន​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​ ម៉ៃក្រូសូហ្វ​វីនដូ ធ្វើ​ការ​ជា​មួយ​គ្នា ។ ផ្នែក​នេះ​នៃ​​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​របស់​ គូប៊ុន​ទូ នឹង​ណែ​នាំ​អំពី​គោល​ការណ៍ និង​ឧបករណ៍ ដែល​ត្រូវ​ប្រើសម្រាប់​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ​ដើម្បី​ចែក​រំលែក​ធនធានបណ្តាញ​​ជា​មួយ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​របស់​វីនដូ ។ + +ការត​​ជា​បណ្តាញ​នូវ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ​ដោយ​ជោគ​ជ័យ​គឺ​ពាក់​ព័ន្ធ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការ​ផ្តល់ និង​ការ​រួម​បញ្ចួល​សេវា​សាមញ្ញ​ទៅ​បរិស្ថាន​វីនដូ ។ សេវា​ទាំង​នេះ​គាំទ្រ​ការចែក​រំលែក​ទិន្នន័យ​ និង​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​កុំព្យូទ័រ និង​អ្នក​ប្រើ​នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ ហើយ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បែង​ចែក​ទៅ​ជាបី​ប្រភេទ​សំខាន់ ៖ + + + +សេវា​ចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ និង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ។ ពិធីការ​ Server Message Block (SMB) នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​សម្រួល​ការចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ ថត ភាគ និង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​តាម​រយៈ​បណ្តាញ ។ + + +សេវា​ថត ។ ចែក​រំលែក​ព័ត៌មាន​សំខាន់​អំពី​កុំព្យូទ័រ និង​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បណ្តាញ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​បច្ចេកវិជ្ជា​ទាំង​នេះ​ដូច​ជា​ Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) និង​ Microsoft Active Directory​ ។ + + +ការ​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ និង​ការ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ ។ វា​ចាំបាច់​ណាស់​ក្នុង​ការ​ដែល​អាច​បង្កើត​នូវ​អត្តសញ្ញាណ​របស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ ឬ​ដើម្បី​កំណត់​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពីកុំព្យូទ័រ ឬ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ចូល​ដំណើរការ ។ ការ​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ និង​ការចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ប្រើ​គោលការណ៍ និង​បច្ចេក​វិជ្ជា​ដូច​ជា​សិទ្ធិ​ឯកសារ គោល​ការណ៍​ក្រុម​ និង​សេវា​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ Kerberos ។ + + + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ អាច​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សមត្ថភាព​ទាំងអស់នេះ​ សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ និង​អាច​អាច​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ចែក​រំលែក​ធន​ធាន​បណ្តាញ​ជា​មួយ​ពួក​វា​បាន ។ ផ្នែក​ដ៏​សំខាន់​មួយ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ត្រូវ​បាន​រួម​បញ្ចូល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ សម្រាប់​ការ​ត​បណ្តាញ​​វីនដូ​ គឺ​ជា​ឈុត​ Samba របស់​កម្មវិធី​ និង​ឧបករណ៍​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ SMB​។ + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​នៃ​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ នឹង​ណែ​នាំ​នូវ​វិធី​សាស្ត្រ​មួយ​ចំនួន​ក្នុង​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ Samba ជា​ទូទៅ និង​អំពី​របៀប​ដំឡើង និង​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​កញ្ចប់​ដែល​សំខាន់​ៗ ។ ឯកសារ និង​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ Samba ​អាច​រក​បាន​តាម​រយៈ​ តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​របស់​ Samba ។ + + + +ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ឯកសារ​ Samba + +វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ទូទៅ​បំផុត​ ដើម្បី​ត​ គូប៊ុនទូ និង​កុំព្យូទ័រ​វីនដូ​ជា​បណ្តាញ​ គឺត្រូវ​កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ជា​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ឯកសារ​សិន ។ ផ្នែក​នេះ​រួម​មាន​ការ​រៀប​ចំ​នូវ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ Samba ដើម្បី​ចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ ។ + +ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ ដើម្បី​ចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ណា​មួយ​នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ ដោយ​គ្មាន​ការ​ស្នើសុំ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ បើ​បរិស្ថាន​ទាម​ទារ​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​ការ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ដែល​តឹង​រឹង​ជាង​នេះ សូម​មើល​ + + +ការដំឡើង + +ជំហាន​ដំបូង​គឺ​ត្រូវ​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ samba ។ ពី​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +មាន​តែ​ប៉ុណ្ណឹង​ឯង ។ Samba ត្រៀម​ជា​ស្រេច​ ដើម្បី​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ សម្រាប់​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ ។ + + + +ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ + +ឯកសារ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba មេ​ ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ /etc/samba/smb.conf ។ ឯកសារ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​លំនាំ​ដើម​មាន​មតិយោបល់សំខាន់​មួយ​ចំនួន ដើម្បី​ផ្តល់​ជា​ឯកសារណែនាំ​អំពី​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ផ្សេង​ៗ ។ + +មិន​មែន​គ្រប់​ជម្រើស​ដែល​ប្រើ​បាន​ទាំង​អស់ ត្រូវ​បាន​រួម​បញ្ចូល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​លំនាំ​ដើម​ទេ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​មើល​ទំព័រ​មេ​ smb.conf ឬ​ Samba HOWTO Collection ។ + + + + + +កែ​សម្រួល​គូរ​តម្លៃ​/គ្រាប់​ចុច​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ [global] របស់​ /etc/samba/smb.conf ៖ + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +ប៉ារ៉ាម៉ែត្រ​ សុវត្ថិភាព​ ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ខាង​ក្រោម​បំផុត​​​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ [global] និង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​ជា​មតិយោបល់​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ។ ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ EXAMPLE ដើម្បី​ផ្គូផ្គង​បរិស្ថាន​ជាក់​ស្តែង ។ + + + + +បង្កើត​ផ្នែក​ថ្មី​នៅ​ខាង​ក្រោម​ឯកសារ​ ឬ​មិន​​​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​ចំពោះ​ឧទាហរណ៍​ណា​មួយ​​សម្រាប់​ថត​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ចែក​រំលែក ៖... + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + +មតិយោបល់ ៖ សេចក្តី​ពិពណ៌នា​ខ្លី​ៗ​អំពី​ការចែក​រំលែក ។ លៃតម្រូវ​ឲ្យ​សម ។ + + +ផ្លូវ​ ៖ ផ្លូវ​ទៅ​កាន់​ថត​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ចែក​រំលែក ។ +ឧទាហរណ៍​នេះ​ប្រើ​ /srv/samba/sharename ពីព្រោះ​ យោង​ទៅ​តាម​ Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) /srv ជា​កន្លែង​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ទិន្នន័យ​ជាក់​លាក់​របស់​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ ។ តាម​បច្ចេក​ទេស អាច​ដាក់​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​របស់​ Samba នៅ​កន្លែង​ណា​មួយ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារក៏បាន​ដែរ ឲ្យ​តែ​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​ត្រឹមត្រូវ ប៉ុន្តែត្រូវ​អនុវត្ត​ទៅ​តាមស្តង់​ដារ​ដែល​បាន​ផ្តល់​អនុសាសន៍ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +អាច​រុក​រក​បាន​ ៖ បើក​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ​ ដើម្បី​រុករក​ថត​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែក​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​វីនដូ ។ + + +គិត​ថា​យល់​ព្រម​ ៖ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធី​តភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​ការចែក​រំលែក​ ដោយ​មិន​ចាំបាច់​ផ្តល់​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ + + +បានតែ​​អាន​​​ ៖ កំណត់​ថា​តើ ការចែក​រំលែកបាន​តែ​អាន​ ឬ​ថា​សិទ្ធិ​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​ឬ​អត់ ។ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ​បាន តែ​នៅ​ពេល​តម្លៃ​ជា​ ទេ ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ដូច​ដែល​បាន​ឃើញ​ក្នុង​ឧទាហរណ៍​នេះ​ស្រាប់ ។ បើ​សិន​តម្លៃ​ជា​បាទ/ចាស អញ្ចឹង​ការចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទៅ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែកគឺ​​បាន​តែ​អាន​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ + + +បង្កើត​របាំង ៖ កំណត់​សិទ្ធិ​ដែល​ឯកសារ​ថ្មី​ត្រូវ​តែ​មាន​ នៅ​ពេល​បង្កើត ។ + + + + + + +ឥឡូវ​ Samba នោះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ហើយ ត្រូវ​តែ​បង្កើត​ថត និង​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​សិទ្ធិ ។ ពី​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + +ប្តូរ​ -p ឲ្យ​ទៅ​ប្រាប់​ mkdir ឲ្យ​បង្កើត​មែក​ធាង​ថត​ទាំង​មូល បើ​សិន​វា​មិន​ទាន់​មាន ។ ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ឈ្មោះ​ចែក​រំលែក ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​សមនឹង​បរិស្ថាន ។ + + + + + +ចុង​បញ្ចប់​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​សេវា​ samba ឡើង​វិញ ដើម្បី​បើក​ការកំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ថ្មី ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ខាង​លើ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សិទ្ធិ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទាំង​អស់​ទៅ​កាន់​កម្មវិធី​ខ្លះ​ដែល​​នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​មូលដ្ឋាន ។ ចំពោះ​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​សុវត្ថិភាព​បន្ថែម​ សូម​មើល​ ។ + + +ពី​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ ឥឡូវ​នេះ​វា​គួរ​តែ​អាច​រុក​រក​ទៅ​កាន់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ឯកសារ​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ និង​មើល​ថត​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែក​បាន​ហើយ​ ។ ដើម្បី​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ថា​អ្វី​គ្រប់​យ៉ាង​កំពុង​តែ​ដំណើរ​ការ​ឬអត់ សូម​សាក​ល្បង​បង្កើត​ថត​មក​ពី​វីនដូ ។ + +ដើម្បី​បង្កើត​ការចែក​រំលែក​បន្ថែម​ បង្កើត​តាម​ធម្មតា​នូវ​ផ្នែក​ [dir] ថ្មី​ក្នុង​ /etc/samba/smb.conf រួច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Samba ឡើង​វិញ ។ សូម​ប្រាកដ​ថាថត​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែក​ពិត​ជា​មានរួចហើយ និង​ថា​សិទ្ធិ​ពិត​ជា​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ + + +ធនធាន + + + +ចំពោះ​ការ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ឲ្យ​កាន់​តែ​ស៊ីជម្រៅ សូម​មើល​ Samba HOWTO Collection + + +ក៏​មាន​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍ផង​ដែរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែល​បាន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + + +O'Reilly's ដោយ​ប្រើ​ Samba គឺ​ជា​សេចក្តី​យោង​ដ៏​ប្រសើរ​មួយ​ទៀត ។ + + + + + + + +ការ​ធានា​នូវ​សុវត្ថិភាព​ឯកសារ​ Samba និង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ការបោះ​ពុម្ព + + +របៀប​សុវត្ថិភាព​របស់​ Samba + +មាន​កម្រិត​សុវត្ថិភាព​ពីរយ៉ាង​​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​សម្រាប់​ពិធីការ​បណ្តាញ​ Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS) កម្រិត​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ និង​ កម្រិត​ចែក​រំលែក ។ ការ​អនុវត្ត​ របៀប​សុវត្ថិភាព​ របស់ Samba នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​មាន​ភាព​បត់​បែន​កាន់​តែ​ច្រើនដោយ​ផ្តល់​នូវវិធីសាស្ត្រ​បួន​យ៉ាង​ក្នុង​ការអនុវត្ត​សុវត្ថិភាព​កម្រិត​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ និង​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​មួយ​ទៀត​ សម្រាប់​អនុវត្ត​កម្រិត​ចែក​រំលែក ៖ + + + +សុវត្ថិភាព = អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ៖ ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធី​ផ្តល់​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នកប្រើ និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ សម្រាប់​ភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ ។ គណនី​អ្នក​ប្រើ Samba បំបែក​ចេញ​​ពី​គណនី​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ប៉ុន្តែ​កញ្ចប់​ libpam-smbpass នឹង​ធ្វើ​សមកាល​កម្មពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ និង​អ្នក​ប្រើ​​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​មូលដ្ឋាន​ទិន្នន័យ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ Samba ។ + + +សុវត្ថិភាព​ = ដែន​ ៖ របៀប​នេះ​នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ Samba បង្ហាញ​នូវ​កម្មវិធីវីនដូ​ជា​ Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain Controller (BDC) ឬ​ Domain Member Server (DMS) ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​មើល​ ។ + + +សុវត្ថិភាព = ADS ៖ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ Samba ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ Active Directory ​ជា​សមាជិក​ដើម​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត សូម​មើល​ ។ + + +សុវត្ថិភាព​ = ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ ៖ របៀប​នេះ​សេស​សល់​ពីមុន មុន​ដែល​ Samba ក្លាយ​ជាម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​របស់​​សមាជិក​ ហើយ​ដោយ​សារ​តែ​មាន​បញ្ហា​សុវត្ថិភាព​ខ្លះ​ៗ​ វា​នឹង​មិន​ត្រូវ​បានគេ​ប្រើ​ទេ​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត​ សូម​មើលផ្នែក​​ សុវត្ថិភាព​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ របស់​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ Samba ។ + + +សុវត្ថិភាព​ = ចែក​រំលែក​ ៖ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធី​តភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ ដោយ​មិនចាំបាច់​ផ្តល់​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ + + + +របៀប​សុវត្ថិភាព​ដែល​ពេញចិត្តគឺ​​អាស្រ័យ​លើ​បរិស្ថាន​ និង​អ្វី​ដែល​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ Samba ត្រូវការ​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ ។ + + + +សុវត្ថិភាព​ = អ្នក​ប្រើ + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​នឹង​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ Samba និង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ក្នុង​ការ​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ ដើម្បី​ទាម​ទារ​ការ​ផ្ទៀត​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ពី និង​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ការបោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + +ដំបូង​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ libpam-smbpass ដែល​នឹង​ធ្វើ​សមកាល​កម្ម​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​អ្នកប្រើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ទៅ​កាន់​មូលដ្ឋាន​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ Samba ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + +បើ​ភារកិច្ច​របស់​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ Samba ត្រូវ​បាន​ជ្រើស​ក្នុង​អំឡុង​ពេល​ដំឡើង អញ្ចឹង​ libpam-smbpass ក៏​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​រួច​ដែរ ។ + + +កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/samba/smb.conf និង​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ផ្នែក​ [share] ៖ + + +guest ok = no + + +ចុង​បញ្ចប់ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Samba ឡើង​វិញ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ការកំណត់​ថ្មី​មាន​ប្រសិទ្ធភាព ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +ឥឡូវ​នេះ​ នៅ​ពេល​ដែល​តភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​ថត​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែក​ ឬ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ នឹង​មាន​ការស្នើ​សុំ​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ផ្គូផ្គងដ្រាយ​បណ្តាញ​ជា​មួយ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ ត្រូវ​គូស​ធីកតភ្ជាប់​ឡើង​វិញ​ នៅ​ពេល​ចូល​ ដែល​នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​បញ្ចូល​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នកប្រើ និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​តែ​ម្តងគត់ លើក​លែង​តែ​មាន​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ ។ + + + + +សុវត្ថិភាព​ចែក​រំលែក + +មាន​ជម្រើស​បី​បួន​ដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​ក្នុង​ការ​បង្កើន​សុវត្ថិភាព​សម្រាប់​ថត​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែក​នីមួយ​ៗ ។ ដោយ​ការ​ប្រើ​ឧទាហរណ៍ [share] ផ្នែក​នេះ​នឹង​គ្របដណ្តប់​ជម្រើស​ទូទៅ​មួយ​ចំនួន ។ + + +ក្រុម + +ក្រុម​កំណត់​នូវ​សម្រាំង​របស់​កុំព្យូទ័រ ឬ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​មាន​កម្រិត​ចូល​ប្រើ​ទូទៅ​ទៅ​កាន់​ធន​ធាន​បណ្តាញ​ជាក់​លាក់​ និង​ផ្តល់​នូវ​កម្រិតតូចៗនៅ​ក្នុង​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​ការ​ចូលដំណើរ​ការ​ទៅ​ធន​ធាន​ទាំង​នេះ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ បើ​ក្រុម​ qa ​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់ ​និង​មាន​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ freda danika និង​ rob ហើយ​​​​ក្រុម​ទីពីរ​ support ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់ និង​មាន​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ danika jeremy និង​ vincent ពេល​នោះ​ ធន​ធាន​បណ្តាញ​ជាក់​លាក់​នឹង​ត្រូវ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​តាម​ qa ចំនែក​ក្រុម​នឹងអនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ជា​បន្ត​បន្ទាប់​តាម​ freda, danika, និង​ rob ប៉ុន្តែ​មិន​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​តាម​ jeremy ឬ​ vincent ទេ ។ ដោយ​សារ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ danika ស្ថិត​នៅ​​ក្នុង​ក្រុម​qa និង​ក្រុម​ support គាត់​អាច​នឹង​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ធន​ធាន​ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ សម្រាប់​ឲ្យ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​តាម​ក្រុម​ទាំង​ពីរ​បាន ចំនែក​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ផ្សេង​ទៀតនឹង​មាន​​​សិទ្ធិ​ចូលដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ត្រឹម​តែ​ធន​ធាន ដែល​នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​សម្រាប់​តែ​​ក្រុម​ដែល​ជា​ផ្នែក​របស់​វា​តែ​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ + + +តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម Samba នឹង​រក​មើល​ក្រុម​ប្រព័ន្ធ​មូលដ្ឋាន​ ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​នៅ​ក្នុង​ /etc/group ដើម្បី​កំណត់​ថា​ អ្នក​ប្រើ​​​ណា​ ត្រូវ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ក្រុម​ណា​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​​ការ​បន្ថែម និង​យក​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ចេញ​ពី​ក្រុម សូម​មើល​​ Basics ។ + +នៅ​ពេល​កំណត់​ក្រុម​ នៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba /etc/samba/smb.conf វាក្យ​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ដែល​ស្គាល់​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដាក់​បុព្វបទ​ឈ្មោះ​ក្រុម​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​និមិត្ត​សញ្ញា​ "@" ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ដើម្បី​កំណត់​ក្រុម​ដែល​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ sysadmin នៅ​ក្នុង​ផ្នែក​មួយ​ចំនួន​របស់​ /etc/samba/smb.conf ឈ្មោះ​ក្រុម​នឹង​ត្រូវ​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ជា​ @sysadmin ។ + + + +សិទ្ធិ​ឯកសារ + +សិទ្ធិ​ឯកសារ​កំណត់​នូវ​សិទ្ធិជាក់​លាក់​សម្រាប់​កុំព្យូទ័រ ឬ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ត្រូវ​តែ​មាន​ថត​ ឯកសារ ឬ​សំណុំ​ឯកសារ​ពិសេស​ណា​មួយ​ ។ សិទ្ធិ​ទាំង​នេះ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​ ដោយ​ការ​កែ​សម្រួល​ឯកសារ​ /etc/samba/smb.conf និង​បញ្ជាក់​នូវ​សិទ្ធិ​ជាក់​លាក់នៃ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ឯកសារ​ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​ ។ + +ឧទាហរណ៍ សម្រាប់​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ Samba ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​ ហៅ​ថា share ចំនែក​ការ​តម្រូវ​ឲ្យ​ផ្តល់​សិទ្ធិ​ បាន​តែ​អាន​ ដល់​ក្រុម​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ស្គាល់​ជា​ qa ចំពោះ​ការ​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​សរសេរ​ ទៅ​កាន់​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​តាម​ក្រុម​ហៅ​ថា​ sysadmin និង​ចំពោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ថា​ vincent បន្ទាប់​មកឯកសារ​​/etc/samba/smb.conf អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​កែ​សម្រួល​ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នៅ​ពី​ក្រោម​ធាតុ​ [share] ៖ + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + +សិទ្ធិ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​ Samba អាច​ធ្វើ​បាន​ គឺ​ត្រូវអះអាង​សិទ្ធិ គ្រប់​គ្រង​ ចំពោះ​​ធន​ធាន​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែកពិសេស​​​ណា​មួយ​ ។ អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ដែល​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​អាច​អាន សរសេរ ឬ​កែ​ប្រែ​ព័ត៌មាន​ណា​មួយ​ ដែល​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ធន​ធាន​ដែល​ជាកន្លែង ដែល​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ត្រូវ​បាន​​ផ្តល់សិទ្ធិ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ជាក់​លាក់​ ។ + +ឧទាហរណ៍ ដើម្បី​ផ្តល់​សិទ្ធិ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ melissa ដល់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ទៅ​កាន់​គំរូ​ share ឯកសារ​ /etc/samba/smb.conf នឹង​ត្រូវ​កែ​សម្រួល​ ដើម្បី​បន្ថែម​បន្ទាត់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ពី​ក្រោម​ធាតុ​ [share] ៖ + + +admin users = melissa + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/samba/smb.conf ចាប់​ផ្តើម Samba ឡើង​វិញ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​​មាន​ប្រសិទ្ធិភាព ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +ចំពោះ​ បញ្ជី​អាន​ និង​ បញ្ជី​សរសេរ​ ដើម្បីឲ្យ​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន ​ ដាច់​ខាត​ មិន​ ត្រូវ​កំណត់​​របៀប​សុវត្ថិភាព​ Samba ទៅ​ជា​security = share + + +ឥឡូវ​ Samba នោះ​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​​​ ដើម្បី​ដាក់​កម្រិត​ក្រុម​ណា​មួយ​ដែល​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការដល់​ថត​ដែលបាន​ចែក​រំលែក​ សិទ្ធិ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​ធ្វើ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ភាព ។ + +សិទ្ធិ​ឯកសាររបស់​​លីនុច​ចាស់​ផ្គូផ្គង​មិន​សូវ​បាន​ប្រសើរ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ Windows NT Access Control Lists (ACLs) ទេ ។ សំណាង​ល្អ POSIX ACLs អាច​មាន​នៅ​លើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ដោយ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែល​កាន់​តែ​ប្រសើរ​ថែម​ទៀត ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ដើម្បី​បើក​ ACLs នៅ​លើ​ /srv និង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ឯកសារ​ EXT3 កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/fstab ដោយ​បន្ថែម​ជម្រើស​acl ៖ + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +បន្ទាប់​មក​ម៉ោនភាគ​ថាស​ឡើង​វិញ ៖ + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + +ឧទាហរណ៍​ខាង​លើ​សន្មត​ /srv នៅ​លើ​ភាគ​ថាស​ផ្សេង​គ្នា ។ បើ​ /srv ឬ​កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ផ្លូវ​ចែក​រំលែក​នៅ​ត្រង់​ណា​មួយ ជា​ផ្នែក​របស់​ភាគ​ថាស​ / ​អាច​នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ឡើង​វិញ ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ផ្គូផ្គង​ការកំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ខាង​លើ​ ក្រុម​sysadmin នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​សិទ្ធិ​អាន សរសេរ និង​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ទៅ​កាន់​ /srv/samba/share ក្រុម​ qa នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​សិទ្ធិ​អាន និង​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ ចំនែក​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​នេះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដោយ​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ melissa ។ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​​​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ក្នុង​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ setfacl ​ខាង​លើ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​សិទ្ធិ​ ប្រតិបត្តិ​ ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ទាំង​អស់នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ /srv/samba/share ដែល​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ការ ឬ​មិន​ត្រូវ​ការ​ ។ + + +កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ​នឹង​បង្ហាញ​ថា​សិទ្ធិ​ឯកសារ​ថ្មី​ត្រូវបាន​ប្រតិបត្តិ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែមអំពី​ POSIX ACLs សូម​មើលទំព័រ​មេ​​ acl និង​ setfacl ។ + + + + +ទម្រង់ Samba AppArmor + +គូប៊ុនទូ​ ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​នូវ​ម៉ូឌុល​សុវត្ថិភាព​ AppArmor ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ក្នុង​ការ​ចូលដំណើរដែល​ចាំបាច់​ ។ ទម្រង់​ AppArmor លំនាំ​ដើម​ សម្រាប់​ Samba នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​កែ​សម្រួល​ឲ្យ​ត្រូវ​នឹង​ការ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ។ សម្រាប់​ព័ត៌​មាន​លម្អិត​អំពី​ការប្រើ​ AppArmor សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ វីគី + +មាន​ទម្រង់​ AppArmor លំនាំ​ដើមសម្រាប់​ /usr/sbin/smbd និង​ /usr/sbin/nmbd ព្រម​ទាំង​​គោល​ពីរ​ដេមិន​សម្រាប់​ Samba ដែល​ជា​ផ្នែក​របស់​កញ្ចប់​ apparmor-profiles ។ ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់ ពី​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ វាយ​បញ្ចូល ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + +កញ្ចប់​នេះ​មាន​ទម្រង់​ សម្រាប់​​​គោល​ពីរ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​បីបួន ។ + + +តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ទម្រង់​សម្រាប់​ smbd និង​ nmbd ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​របៀប​ ត្អូញ​ត្អែរ ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ Samba ដំណើរ​ការ​ ដោយ​គ្មាន​ធ្វើ​ការ​កែប្រែ​ទម្រង់​ និង​ចូល​តែ​កំហុស ។ ដើម្បី​ដាក់​​ទម្រង់​ smbd ទៅ​ក្នុង​របៀប​ បង្ខំ និង​ឲ្យ​ Samba ដំណើរ​ការ​ដូច​ដែល​បាន​រំពឹង ទម្រង់​នឹង​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​កែប្រែ​ ដើម្បី​បង្ហាញ​ថត​ណា​មួយ​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ចែក​រំលែក​ ។ + +កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd ដោយ​បន្ថែម​ព័ត៌មាន​សម្រាប់​ [share] ​ពី​គំរូ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ឯកសារ​ ៖ + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +ឥឡូវ​ដាក់​ទម្រង់​ទៅ​ក្នុង​របៀប​ បង្ខំ និង​ផ្ទុក​វា​ឡើង​វិញ ៖ + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + +ឥឡូវ​នេះ​អាច​អាន សរសេរ និង​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែក​តាម​ធម្មតា​បាន​ ហើយ​គោល​ពីរ​ smbd អាច​នឹង​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ត្រឹម​តែ​ថត និង​ឯកសារ​ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ ។ សូម​ប្រាកដ​ថា​ បាន​បន្ថែម​ធាតុ​សម្រាប់​ថត​នីមួយ​ៗ​ ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ​ជា​មួយ​ការចែក​រំលែក ។ កំហុស​មួយ​ចំនួន​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ /var/log/syslog ។ + + + +ធនធាន + + + +ចំពោះ​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ Samba ​ឲ្យ​​ស៊ីជម្រៅ​ សូម​មើល​ Samba HOWTO Collection + + +ក៏​មាន​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍ផង​ដែរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែល​បាន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + + +O'Reilly's ការប្រើ​ Samba ក៏​ជា​សេចក្តី​យោង​​ដ៏​ប្រសើរ​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +ជំពូក​ទី​ ១៨ របស់​ Samba HOWTO Collection គឺ​ពាក់​ព័ន្ធ​នឹង​សុវត្ថិភាព ។ + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី Samba និង​ ACLs សូម​មើល​ ទំព័រ Samba ACLs ។ + + + + + + +Samba ជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន + +ទោះ​បី​ជា​វា​មិន​អាច​ដើរ​តួ​ជា​ Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC) ក៏​ដោយ ក៏​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ Samba អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ ដើម្បី​បង្ហាញ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​រចនាប័ទ្ម​ Windows NT4 ដែរ ។ ប្រយោជន៍​ដ៏​សំខាន់​ក្នុង​ការ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​នេះ​ គឺ​ជា​សមត្ថភាពនៅ​ក្នុង​ការដាក់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ និង​លិខិត​សម្គាល់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ឲ្យ​នៅ​ចំកណ្តាល​ ។ Samba ក៏​អាច​ប្រើកម្មវិធី​ខាង​ក្រោយ​ជា​ច្រើន​ ដើម្បី​រក្សា​ទុក​ព័ត៌មាន​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បាន​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​ចម្បង + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​មាន​ Samba ដែល​បាន​កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ជា​ Primary Domain Controller (PDC) ដោយ​ប្រើ​កម្មវិធី​ខាង​ក្រោយ​ smbpasswd លំនាំ​ដើម ។ + + + + +ដំឡើង​ Samba និង libpam-smbpass ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​សមកាល​កម្ម​គណនី​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ដោយ​បញ្ចូល​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ​ ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +បន្ទាប់មក កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ដោយ​កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/samba/smb.conf ។ របៀប​ សុវត្ថិភាព​ គួរ​តែ​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​ទៅ​ជា​ អ្នកប្រើ​ ហើយ​ ក្រុម​ការងារ​ គួរ​តែ​មាន​ទំនាក់​ទំនង​នឹង​អង្គការឲ្យ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ៖ + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +នៅក្នុង​ផ្នែក​ ដែន​ ដែល​បាន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​​ បន្ថែម​ ឬ​មិន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +ចូល​ដែន​ ៖ ផ្តល់នូវ​​សេវា​ netlogon ដែល​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ Samba ដើរ​តួ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន ។ + + +ផ្លូវ​ចូល​ ៖ ដាក់​ទម្រង់​វីនដូ​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​ដើម​របស់​ពួក​គេ ។ ក៏​អាច​នឹង​កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ការចែក​រំលែក​ [profiles] ផង​ដែរ ដោយ​ដាក់​ទម្រង់​ទាំង​អស់​ក្រោម​ថត​តែ​មួយ​ ។ + + +ដ្រាយ​ចូល​ ៖ បញ្ជាក់​​ផ្លូវ​មូល​ដ្ឋាន​ថត​ផ្ទះ​ ។ + + +ចូល​ថត​ផ្ទះ​​​ ៖ បញ្ជាក់​ទីតាំង​ថត​ផ្ទះ ។ + + +ស្គ្រីប​ចូល​ ៖ កំណត់​ស្គ្រីប​ដែល​ត្រូវ​រត់​ក្នុង​មូលដ្ឋាន ពេល​ដែល​អ្នក​ប្រើ​បាន​ចូល ។ ត្រូវ​តែ​ដាក់​ស្គ្រីប​នៅ​ក្នុង​កន្លែង​ចែក​រំលែក​ [netlogon] ។ + + +បន្ថែម​ស្គ្រីប​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ ៖ ស្គ្រីប​ដែល​នឹងបង្កើត​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​នូវ​ គណនីទុក​ចិត្ត​លើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ ដែល​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យស្ថានីយ​ការងារ​ត​ភ្ជាប់​នឹង​ដែន ។ +ក្នុង​ឧទាហរណ៍​នេះ នឹង​តម្រូវ​ឲ្យ​បង្កើត​ក្រុម​ ម៉ាស៊ីន​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ឧបករណ៍ បន្ថែម​ក្រុម​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​មើល​ Basics ។ + + + + +បើ​សិន​ ទម្រង់ Roaming នឹង​មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ទេ ចាក​ចេញ​ពី​ជម្រើស​ ចូល​ថត​ផ្ទះ និង​ ផ្លូវ​ចូល​ ដូច​ដែល​បាន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​ ។ + + + + + +មិន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ [homes] ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ផ្គូផ្គង ចូល​ថត​ផ្ទះ ៖ + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + +នៅ​ពេល​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​ហើយ ក៏​ត្រូវ​តែ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ [netlogon] ផង​ដែរ ។ ដើម្បី​បើក​ការចែក​រំលែក មិន​ផ្តល់​មតិ​យោបល់​ ៖ + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + +ផ្លូវ​ចែក​រំលែក​ netlogon ដើម​គឺ​ /home/samba/netlogon ប៉ុន្តែ​ យោង​តាម​ Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) /srv គឺ​ជា​ទីតាំង​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ សម្រាប់​ទិន្នន័យ​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ជាក់​លាក់​ដែល​បាន​ផ្តល់​ដោយ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ + + + + + +ឥឡូវ​នេះ​បង្កើត​ថត​ netlogon និង​ឯកសារ​ស្គ្រីប​ logon.cmd ទទេ ៖ + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + +ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ស្គ្រីប​សម្រាប់​ចូល​វីនដូធម្មតា​​ខ្លះ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បញ្ចូល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ logon.cmd ដើម្បី​ប្តូរ​តាម​បំណង​នូវ​បរិស្ថាន​របស់​កម្មវិធី ។ + + + + +នឹង​ត្រូវ​បិទ​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ជាមួយ​ root ដើម្បី​ភ្ជាប់​ស្ថានីយ​ការងារ​ជា​មួយនឹង​​ដែន​ ត្រូវ​តែ​ផ្គូផ្គង​ក្រុម​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ជា​មួយ​នឹងក្រុម​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​ វីនដូ ។ ប្រើ​ឧបករណ៍​ net ពី​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + +ប្តូរ​ sysadmin ទៅ​ជា​ក្រុម​ដែល​ចូល​ចិត្ត ។ ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​ធ្លាប់​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ក្លាយ​ជា​សមាជិក​របស់​ក្រុម​ sysadmin ព្រម​ទាំង​ជា​សមាជិក​របស់​ក្រុម​ គ្រប់​គ្រង​ ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ។ ក្រុម គ្រប់​គ្រង​ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ប្រើ​ sudo ។ + + + + + +ចុង​បញ្ចប់ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Samba ឡើង​វិញ ដើម្បី​បើក​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​ថ្មី ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +ឥឡូវ​នេះ​អាច​ភ្ជាប់​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូជា​មួយ​នឹង​ដែន​ នៅ​ក្នុង​លក្ខណៈ​ដូច​គ្នា​នឹង​ការ​ភ្ជាប់​ពួក​វា​ជា​មួយ​ដែន​ NT4 ដែល​រត់​នៅ​លើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​វីនដូ​ដែរ ។ + + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​បម្រុង​ទុក + +ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ Primary Domain Controller (PDC) នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ វា​ប្រសើរ​បំផុត​ក្នុង​ការ​មាន​ Backup Domain Controller (BDC) ផង​ដែរ​នោះ ។ វា​នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​កម្មវិធី​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ករណី​ដែល​មិន​អាច​ប្រើ​ PDC បាន ។ + +នៅ​ពេល​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ជា​ BDC ត្រូវ​តែ​មាន​មធ្យោបាយ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​សមកាល​កម្មព័ត៌មាន​គណនី​ជា​មួយនឹង​ PDC ។ មាន​មធ្យោបាយ​ជា​ច្រើន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ដូច្នេះ ដូច​ជា​ scp rsync ឬ​ដោយ​ការ​ប្រើ​ LDAP ជា​ កម្មវិធី​ខាង​ក្រោយ​ passdb ។ + +ការ​ប្រើ​ LDAP គឺ​ជា​មធ្យោបាយ​ដែល​ល្អ​បំផុត​ ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​សមកាល​កម្ម​ព័ត៌មាន​គណនី ពីព្រោះ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​ទាំង​ពីរ​អាច​ប្រើ​ព័ត៌មាន​ដូច​គ្នា​ក្នុង​ពេល​វេលា​ពិត​ប្រាកដ​ ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា​ ការរៀប​ចំ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ LDAP អាចនឹង​ស្មុគ្រស្មាញ​ខ្លាំង​សម្រាប់​គណនី​កុំព្យូទ័រ និង​អ្នក​ប្រើ​មួយ​ចំនួន​តូច ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​មើលទំព័រ​​ LDAP របស់​ Samba ។ + + + + +ដំបូង ដំឡើង​ samba និង​ libpam-smbpass ។ ពី​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +ឥឡូវ​ កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/samba/smb.conf និង​មិន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ [global] ៖ + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +ក្នុង​ ដែន​ មិន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់ មិន​ផ្តល់​មតិយោបល់​ ឬ​បន្ថែម ៖ + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + +សូម​ប្រាកដ​ថា អ្នក​ប្រើ​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​អាន​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ /var/lib/samba ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ដើម្បី​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ក្រុម​ គ្រប់​គ្រង​ ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ scp បញ្ចូល​ ៖ + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + +បន្ទាប់​ ធ្វើ​សមកាល​កម្ម​គណនី​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ scp ដើម្បី​ចម្លង​ថត​ /var/lib/samba ពី​ PDC ៖ + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + +ជំនួស​ ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ដោយ​​​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ និង​ pdc ដោយ​ឈ្មោះ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ ឬ​អាសយដ្ឋាន​ IP របស់​ PDC ជាក់​ស្តែង ។ + + + + + +ចុង​បញ្ចប់​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ samba ឡើង​វិញ ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +សាក​ល្បង​ថា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​បម្រុង​ទុក​កំពុង​តែ​ដំណើរ​ការ​ ដោយ​បញ្ឈប់​ដេមិន​ Samba នៅ​លើ PDC ឬ​អត់ បន្ទាប់​មក​សាក​ល្បង​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ​ដែល​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ជា​មួយ​ដែន ។ + +បើ​សិន​ជម្រើស​ ចូល​ថត​ផ្ទះ ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ជា​ថត​នៅលើ​ PDC ហើយ​ PDC ប្រែ​ជា​មិន​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​នោះ ការ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ទៅ​ដ្រាយ​ ផ្ទះ​ របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ក៏​នឹង​ប្រើ​មិន​បាន​ដូច​គ្នា​ ។ ចំពោះ​ហេតុ​ផល​នេះ យក​ល្អ​គួរ​តែ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ ចូល​ថត​ផ្ទះ ដើម្បីដាក់​ឲ្យ​ស្ថិត​នៅ​លើ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ឯកសារ​ផ្សេង​ពី​គ្នា​ពី​ PDC និង​ BDC ។ + + + + +ធនធាន + + + +ចំពោះ​ការ​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ Samba ឲ្យ​កាន់​តែ​ស៊ីជម្រៅ សូម​មើល​ Samba HOWTO Collection + + +ក៏​មាន​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍ផង​ដែរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែល​បាន​បោះ​ពុម្ព ។ + + +O'Reilly's ការប្រើ​ Samba ក៏​ជា​សេចក្តី​យោង​​ដ៏​ប្រសើរ​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + + ជំពូក​ ៤ របស់​ Samba HOWTO Collection ពន្យល់​អំពី​ការរៀប​ចំ Primary Domain Controller ។ + + + ជំពូក​ ៥ របស់​ Samba HOWTO Collection ពន្យល់​អំពី​ការ​រៀប​ចំ​ Backup Domain Controller ។ + + + + + + + +ការបញ្ចូលថត​សកម្ម​របស់​ Samba + + +ការចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​នូវ​ការចែករំលែក​ Samba + +អ្នក​ប្រើ​ Samba ផ្សេង​ទៀត​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បញ្ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​បណ្តាញ​វីនដូ​ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់​ ។ នៅ​ពេល​ផ្នែក​របស់​ដែន​ថត​សកម្ម (AD) Samba ​អាច​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ឯកសារ និង​សេវា​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ទៅ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ AD ។ + +មធ្យោ​បាយ​សាមញ្ញ​បំផុត​ ដើម្បី​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ AD គឺ​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ Likewise-open ។ ចំពោះ​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​លម្អិត​ សូម​មើល​ ។ + +នៅ​ពេល​ជា​ផ្នែក​របស់​ដែន បញ្ចូល​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + +ដោយ​សារ​កញ្ចប់​ likewise-open និង​ samba ប្រើ​ឯកសារ​ secrets.tdb ផ្សេង​គ្នា​ ត្រូវ​តែ​បង្កើត​ symlink នៅ​ក្នុង​ /var/lib/samba ៖ + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +បន្ទាប់​ កែ​សម្រួល​ការ​ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ /etc/samba/smb.conf ៖ + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ samba ឡើង​វិញ​ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ការកំណត់​ថ្មី​មាន​ប្រសិទ្ធិភាព ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +ឥឡូវ​វា​គួរ​តែ​អាច​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការនូវ​​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​ Samba ណា​មួយពី​កម្មវិធី​វីនដូ​បាន​ហើយ ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា សូម​ប្រាកដ​ថា បាន​ផ្តល់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ AD ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ឬ​ការ​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ក្រុម​ទៅ​​ថត​ដែល​បាន​ចែក​រំលែក​ ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត សូម​មើល​ ។ + + + + +ការចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​នូវ​ការចែក​រំលែក​វីនដូ + +ឥឡូវ​គឺ​ថា ម៉ាស៊ីនបម្រើ​ Samba គឺ​ជា​ផ្នែក​របស់​ដែន​ថត​សកម្មហើយ ដូច្នេះ​អាច​ចូល​ដំណើរការ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​វីនដូ​បាន ៖ + + + + +ដើម្បី​ម៉ោន​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​វីនដូ វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ​ ៖ + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + +ក៏​អាច​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​នូវ​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក​នៅ​លើ​កុំព្យូទ័រ​បាន​ផង​ដែរ មិន​មែន​បាន​ត្រឹម​តែ​ផ្នែក​របស់​ដែន​ AD ប៉ុណ្ណោះ​ទេ ប៉ុន្តែ​ត្រូវ​តែ​ផ្តល់​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់ ។ + + + + +ដើម្បី​ម៉ោន​ការចែក​រំលែក ក្នុង​អំឡុង​ពេល​ចាប់​ផ្តើម ដាក់​ធាតុ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ /etc/fstab ឧទាហរណ៍ ៖ + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + +មធ្យោ​បាយ​មួយ​ទៀត​ ដើម្បី​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ​ពី​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​វីនដូ គឺ​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ឧបករណ៍ smbclient ។ ដើម្បី​រាយ​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការចែក​រំលែក​វីនដូ ៖ + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +ដើម្បី​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ​ពី​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក បញ្ចូល ៖ + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + +វា​នឹង​ចម្លង​ file.txt ទៅ​ក្នុង​ថត​បច្ចុប្បន្ន ។ + + + + +និង​ ដើម្បី​ចម្លង​ឯកសារ​ទៅ​កាន់​ការ​ចែក​រំលែក ៖ + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + +វា​នឹង​ចម្លង​ /etc/hosts ទៅ​កាន់​ //fs01.example.com/share/hosts ។ + + + + +ជ​ម្រើស​ -c ដែល​ប្រើ​នៅ​ខាង​លើ​នេះ នឹង​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ smbclient ទាំង​អស់​នៅ​ពេល​តែ​មួយ ។ វា​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​ណាស់​សម្រាប់​ប្រតិបត្តិការ​ឯកសារ​តូច​ៗ​ និង​ស្គ្រីប ។ ដើម្បី​បញ្ចូលsmb: \> ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​ដូច​ជា​ FTP ដែល​ជា​កន្លែង​អាច​ប្រតិបត្តិ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ថត និង​ឯកសារ​ធម្មតា​បាន​ ដោយ​រត់​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​តាម​ធម្មតា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Konsole ៖ + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + +ជំនួស​ធាតុ​ទាំង​អស់​នៃ​ fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, username=steve,password=secret និង​ file.txt ដោយឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ ឈ្មោះ​នៃ​ការចែក​រំលែក​ IP ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ និង​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ និង​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ដោយ​មាន​សិទ្ធិជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការចែក​រំលែក ។ + + + + +ធនធាន + +ចំពោះ​ជម្រើស smbclient បន្ថែម សូម​មើល​ទំព័រ​មេ ៖ man smbclient ក៏​អាច​មាន​ផង​ដែរ​ លើ​បណ្តាញ ។ + +ទំព័រ​មេ​ mount.cifs ក៏​មាន​សារៈ​សំខាន់​ផង​ដែរ​ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិតបន្ថែម ។ + + + + + +Likewise Open + +Likewise Open នឹង​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​សាមញ្ញ​នូវ​ការកំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​សំខាន់​​ ដែល​ត្រូវ​ការ​ដើម្បី​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​នៃ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​លីនុច​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ដែន​ថត​សកម្ម ។ ផ្អែក​លើ​ winbind កញ្ចប់​ likewise-open ព្យាយាម​យក​ចេញ​នូវ​ការ​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ ដែល​រួម​បញ្ចូល​គ្នា​ ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​បណ្តាញ​វីនដូ​ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់ ។ + + +ការដំឡើង + +មាន​វិធី​ពីរ​យ៉ាង​ ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ Likewise Open likewise-open ជា​ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ និង​ likewise-open-gui ។ ផ្នែក​នេះ​ផ្តោត​សំខាន់​លើ​ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ + +ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ likewise-open បើក​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ រួច​បញ្ចូល ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ 9.04 Likewise Open 5.0 អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឃ្លាំង​ សកល ។ ទោះ​បី​យ៉ាង​ណា តាំង​ពីបាន​​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ប្រសើរ​​ Likewise Open 4.1 បច្ចុប្បន្ន​នេះ​ទាម​ទារ​ឲ្យ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​បំបែក​ដែន និង​ភ្ជាប់​ឡើង​វិញ​ នូវ​កញ្ចប់​ដាច់​ដោយ​ឡែក​សម្រាប់​កំណែ​ ៥ ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្កើត ។ + +ដំឡើង​ Likewise Open 5.0 បញ្ចូល ៖ + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + +ដំឡើង​ likewise-open5 ពី​លើ​ likewise-open (4.1) ដែល​មាន​ស្រាប់​ ការ​ដំឡើង​នឹង​ជំនួស​វា ។ ដែន​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ឡើង​វិញ​ បន្ទាប់​ពី​ដំឡើង​ហើយ ។ + + + + +ភ្ជាប់​ដែន + +ឯកសារ​មេ​ដែល​អាច​ប្រតិបត្តិ​បាន​របស់​កញ្ចប់​ likewise-open គឺ​ /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ភ្ជាប់​កុំព្យូទ័រ​ជា​មួយ​ដែន​ ។ មុន​នឹង​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន ត្រូវ​ការ​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​ ៖ + + + +ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថត​សកម្ម​ដោយ​មាន​សិទ្ធិ​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ដើម្បី​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ ។ + + +Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) របស់​ដែន​កំពុង​តែ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ ។ បើ​ដែន​ AD មិន​ផ្គូផ្គង​​នឹង​ដែន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ដូច​ជា​ example.com នោះ​ទេ ទំនង​ជា​ថា​វា​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុងទម្រង់​ domainname.local ។ + + +DNS សម្រាប់​ដែន​រៀប​ចំ​បាន​យ៉ាង​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ ។ ក្នុង​បរិស្ថាន​នៃ​ការ​បង្កើត​​ AD វា​ជាបញ្ហា​ដ៏​សាមញ្ញ​មួយ​ ។ នឹង​ត្រូវ​ការ Microsoft DNS ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ដើម្បី​ឲ្យ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ភ្ញៀវ​អាច​កំណត់​បាន​ថា​ដែន​ថត​សកម្ម​អាច​ប្រើបាន​ឬ​អត់ ។ +បើ​គ្មាន​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ Windows DNS នៅ​លើ​បណ្តាញ​ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត សូម​មើល​ ។ + + + + +ដើម្បី​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ ពី​ប្រអប់​បញ្ចូល​របស់​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + +ជំនួស​ example.com ដោយ​ឈ្មោះ​ដែន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ និង​ អ្នក​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ ដោយ​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ដែល​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ + + +នឹង​មាន​ការ​ស្នើ​សុំ​ពាក្យ​សម្ងាត់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ ។ បើ​គ្រប់​យ៉ាង​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ល្អ​ សារ​SUCCESS នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បោះ​ពុម្ព​ទៅ​កាន់​កុងសូល ។ + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ហើយ ចាំបាច់​ត្រូវ​តែ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ឡើង​វិញសិន មុន​នឹង​ប៉ុន​ប៉ង​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ជា​មួយ​ដែន ។ + + +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ គូប៊ុនទូ ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ដែន​ថត​សកម្មដោយ​ជោគ​ជ័យ​ហើយ អ្នក​ប្រើ​ AD ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​មួយ​ចំនួន​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ផ្ទៀង​ផ្ទាត់​ភាព​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ។ ដើម្បី​ចូល​បាន ត្រូវ​តែ​វាយ​បញ្ចូល​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ជា​ 'domain\username' ។ ឧទាហរណ៍​ដូច​ជា​​ ssh ចូល​ទៅ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ ដែល​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​ជា​មួយ​ដែន​ បញ្ចូល​ ៖ + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + +បើ​សិន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​ផ្ទៃតុ ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​នឹង​ទាមទារ​ឲ្យ​ដាក់បុព្វបទ​ជា​មួយ​ ​domain\ នៅ​ក្នុង​ការ​ចូល​ក្រាហ្វិក​ផង​ដែរ ។ + + +ដើម្បី​ធ្វើ​ឲ្យ​ likewise-open ប្រើ​ដែន​លំនាំ​ដើម សេចក្តី​ថ្លែង​ការណ៍​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​បន្ថែម​ទៅ​ /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf ៖ + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + +បន្ទាប់​មក​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ដេមិន​ likewise-open ឡើង​វិញ ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + +នៅ​ពេល​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​សម្រាប់​ ដែន​លំនាំ​ដើម​ រូច​ហើយ​ នឹង​មិន​ទាម​ទារ​ 'domain\' ទៀត​ទេ ។ អ្នក​ប្រើ​អាច​ចូល​ ដោយ​ប្រើតែ​​ឈ្មោះ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​របស់​គេ​បាន​ ។ + + +ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​ domainjoin-cli ​ក៏​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ ដើម្បី​បំបែក​ដែន​ផង​ដែរ ។ ពី​ស្ថានីយ ៖ + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ផ្សេង​ទៀត + +កញ្ចប់​ likewise-open ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​នូវ​ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ពីរ​បី​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ ដែល​អាច​មាន​ប្រយោជន៍​នៅ​ក្នុង​ការប្រមូល​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​បរិស្ថាន​ថត​សកម្ម ។ ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ទាំង​នេះ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​ប្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ភ្ជាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ជា​មួយ​ដែន​ និង​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​ដូច​គ្នា​នៅ​ក្នុង​កញ្ចប់​ samba-common និង​ winbind ៖ + + + +lwinet ៖ ត្រឡប់​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​បណ្តាញ​ និង​ដែន ។ + + +lwimsg ៖ អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​មាន​អន្តរ​កម្ម​ជាមួយ​ដេមិន​ likewise-winbindd ។ + + +lwiinfo ៖ បង្ហាញ​ព័ត៌មាន​អំពី​ផ្នែក​ផ្សេង​ៗ​របស់​ដេមិន ។ + + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​ទំព័រ​មេ​របស់ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​នីមួយ​ៗ ។ + + + +ការ​ដោះ​ស្រាយ​បញ្ហា + + + +បើ​កម្មវិធីមាន​បញ្ហា​ក្នុង​ការ​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ សូម​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ថាតើ​​ Microsoft DNS ត្រូវ​បាន​រាយ​ជា​មុន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ /etc/resolv.conf ឬ​អត់ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ៖ + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម នៅ​ពេល​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន ប្រើ​ជម្រើស​ --loglevel verbose ឬ​ --advanced របស់​ឧបករណ៍​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ domainjoin-cli ៖ + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + +បើ​អ្នក​ប្រើ​ថត​សកម្ម​មាន​បញ្ហា​ក្នុង​ការ​ចូល​ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​លម្អិត សូម​ពិនិត្យ​មើល​ /var/log/auth.log ។ + + +នៅ​ពេល​ភ្ជាប់​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ជា​មួយ​ដែន​ វា​ចាំ​បាច់​ណាស់​ត្រូវ​តែ​កែ​សម្រួល​ /etc/nsswitch.conf បើ​សិន​ដែន​ AD ប្រើ​វាក្យសម្ព័ន្ធ​ .local ។ ដើម្បី​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​បាន គួរ​តែ​យក​ធាតុ​ "mdns4" ចេញ​ពី​ជម្រើស​ម៉ាស៊ីន​ ។ ឧទាហរណ៍ ៖ + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +ផ្លាស់​ប្តូរ​ខាង​លើ​ទៅ​ជា ៖ + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + +បន្ទាប់​មក​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ការត​ជា​បណ្តាញ​ឡើង​វិញ​ ដោយ​វាយ​បញ្ចូល ៖ + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + +ឥឡូវ​នេះ​គួរ​តែ​អាច​ភ្ជាប់​ដែន​ថត​សកម្ម​បាន​ហើយ ។ + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + +ខាង​ក្រោមនេះ​ជា​សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ​អំពី​ការដំឡើង​ DNS នៅ​លើ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ដែន​ថត​សកម្ម​ដែល​កំពុង​តែរត់​ Windows Server 2003 ប៉ុន្តែ​សេចក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​ទាំង​នេះ​គួរ​តែ​ដូច​គ្នា​សម្រាប់​កំណែ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ផង​ដែរ ៖ + + + + + +ចុច​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ឧបករណ៍​គ្រប់​គ្រង​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​របស់​អ្នក។ វា​នឹងបើក​ឧបករណ៍​ គ្រប់​គ្រង​តួនាទី​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ ។ + +ចុច​ បន្ថែម ឬ​យក​តួនាទី​ចេញ +ចុច​ បន្ទាប់ +ជ្រើស​ "DNS Server" +ចុច​ បន្ទាប់ +ចុច​ បន្ទាប់ ម្តង​ទៀត​ដើម្បី​បន្ត +ជ្រើស​ "បង្កើត​តំបន់​រក​មើល​បន្ត​" បើ​សិន​វា​មិន​ទាន់​ត្រូវ​បាន​ជ្រើស ។ +ចុច​ បន្ទាប់ +សូម​ប្រាដក​ថា​បាន​ជ្រើស​ "ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​នេះរក្សា​ទុក​តំបន់​" រួច​ចុច​ បន្ទាប់ ។ +បញ្ចូល​ឈ្មោះ​ដែន​ រួច​ចុច បន្ទាប់ +ចុច​ បន្ទាប់ ដើម្បី​ "អនុញ្ញាត​តែ​បច្ចុប្បន្ន​ភាព​ដែល​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​" + +បញ្ចូល​ IP សម្រាប់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ DNS ដើម្បី​បញ្ជូន​សំណួរ​បន្ត ឬ​ជ្រើស​ "ទេ​ វា​នឹង​មិន​បញ្ជូន​សំណួរ​បន្ត​" រួច​ចុច បន្ទាប់ ។ + +ចុច បញ្ចប់ +ចុច បញ្ចប់ + +ឥឡូវ​នេះ DNS ​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ និង​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​បន្ថែម​ទៀត​ដោយ​ប្រើ DNS snap-in សម្រាប់​ កុងសូល​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ម៉ៃក្រូសូហ្វ ។ + + +បន្ទាប់ កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ខ្លួន​វា​ផ្ទាល់​សម្រាប់​សំណួរ​ DNS ៖ +ចុច ចាប់​ផ្តើម +ផ្ទាំង​បញ្ជា +ការតភ្ជាប់​បណ្តាញ +ចុច​កណ្តុរ​ស្តាំ "ការ​តភ្ជាប់​ផ្ទៃ​មូលដ្ឋាន" +ចុច​ លក្ខណ​សម្បត្តិ +ចុច​ទ្វេ​ដង​លើ​ "ពិធីការ​អ៊ីនធឺណិត (TCP/IP)" +បញ្ចូល​អាសយដ្ឋាន​ IP របស់​ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ជា​ "ម៉ាស៊ីន​បម្រើ​ DNS ដែល​ពេញ​ចិត្ត​" +ចុច យល់​ព្រម +ចុច យល់​ព្រម ម្តង​ទៀត ដើម្បី​រក្សា​ទុក​ការកំណត់ + + + + + +ចំណូល​ចិត្ត + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​គេហ​ទំព័រ​ Likewise ។ + +ចំពោះ​ជម្រើស​ domainjoin-cli សូម​មើល​ទំព័រ​មេ ៖ man domainjoin-cli ។ + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/oc/sharing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/oc/sharing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/oc/sharing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/oc/sharing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1937 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +File Sharing in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to share files between Kubuntu and Windows. + + + + + +Introduccion + + +Computer networks are often comprised of diverse systems. While operating a +network made up entirely of Kubuntu desktop and server computers would +certainly be fun, some network environments will consist of Kubuntu and +Microsoft +Windows systems working together. This +section of the Kubuntu Server Guide introduces principles and tools used for +configuring Kubuntu servers to share network resources with Windows computers. + + + +Successfully networking a Kubuntu system with Windows clients involves +providing and integrating services common to Windows environments. These +services support sharing data and information about the computers and users +on the network, and may be classified into three major categories: + + + + + +File and Printer Sharing Services. The +Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is used to facilitate +sharing files, folders, volumes, and printers throughout the network. + + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + + +Authentication and Access. It is +necessary to be able to establish the identity of a computer or user to +determine the information the computer or user is authorized to access. +Authentication and access use principles and technologies such as file +permissions, group policies, and the Kerberos authentication service. + + + + + +A Kubuntu system can provide all such capabilities for Windows clients and +enable sharing network resources with them. One of the principal pieces of +software included in a Kubuntu system for Windows networking is the Samba +suite of SMB server applications and tools. + + + +This section of the Kubuntu Server Guide will introduce some of the ways Samba +is commonly used, and how to install and configure the necessary packages. +Additional detailed documentation and information on Samba can be found +on the Samba website. + + + + +Servidor de fichièrs Samba + + +One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu and Windows computers is to +configure Samba as a File Server. This section covers setting up a +Samba server to share files with Windows clients. + + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Installacion + +La primièra etapa consistís a installar lo paquet samba. Dins un terminal picatz : + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + +That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing. + + + + +Configuracion + + +The main Samba configuration file is located in +/etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a +significant number of comments in order to document various configuration +directives. + + +Lo fichièr de configuracion conten pas totas las opcions disponiblas. Consultatz la pagina man de smb.conf o Samba HOWTO Colleccion (en)ulink> per mai de detalhs. + + + + + + +Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section +of /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + + +Create a new section at the bottom of the file, or uncomment one of the +examples for the directory to be shared: + + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + +path : l'emplaçament del dorsièr de partejar. + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + +browsable : autoriza los clients Windows a percórrer lo repertòri partejat en utilizant l'explorador de fichièrs de Windows. + + +guest ok : permet als clients de se connectar al repertòri partejat sens provesir de senhal. + + +read only : determina se lo partiment es en lectura sola o se los privilègis en escritura son acordats. Los dreches d'escritura son acordats solament se la valor es no. Coma òm lo veu dins aqueste exemple, se la valor es yes, alara l'accès al partimente es en lectura sola. + + +create mask : determina las permissions dels fichièrs creats novèlament. + + + + + + +Ara que Samba es configurat, lo repertòri deu èsser creat e las permissions modificadas. Dempuèi un terminal, picatz : + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + +Per acabar, reaviatz los servicis samba per activar la configuracion novèla : + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + + +The above configuration gives all access to any client on the local network. For +a more secure configuration, see . + + + + +From a Windows client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu file +server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try +creating a directory from Windows. + + + +To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] +sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart +Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually +exists and that the permissions are correct. + + + +Ressorsas + + + +Per de configuracions mai elaboradas de Samba, consultatz los guidas practics Samba (en) + + +Aqueste guida es tanben disponible en format papièr. + + +Using Samba d'O'Reilly es una autra bona font d'informacions. + + + + + + + +Securizar un servidor de fichièrs e d'estampatge Samba + + +Perfils de seguretat de Samba + +Los dos nivèls de seguretat disponibles pel protocòl de ret CIFS (Common Internet Filesystem) son user-level e share-level. La mesa en òbra de las opcions de seguretat de Samba permet mai de flexibilitat en provesissent quatre possibilitat de seguretat al nivèl de l'utilizaire mai una al nivèl del partiment : + + + +security = user: impausa als clients de provesir un nom d'utilizaire e un senhal per se connectar als partiments. Los comptes d'utilizaires Samba son diferents dels comptes de sistèma, mas lo paquet libpam-smbpass permet de sincronizar los utilizaires e senhal del sistèma amb la banca de donadas dels utilizaires Samba. + + + +security = domain: this mode allows the Samba server to +appear to Windows clients as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain +Controller (BDC), or a Domain Member Server (DMS). See + for further information. + + + + +security = ADS: allows the Samba server to join an Active +Directory domain as a native member. See +for details. + + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + + +security = share: allows clients to connect to shares +without supplying a username and password. + + + + + +The preferred security mode depends on the environment and what the Samba +server needs to accomplish. + + + + +Security = User + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + + +First, install the libpam-smbpass package which will +sync the system users to the Samba user database: + + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + + +If the Samba Server task was chosen during installation, +libpam-smbpass is already installed. + + + +Modificatz la seccion [share] del fichièr /etc/samba/smb.conf : + + +guest ok = no + + +Per acabar, reaviatz Samba per que los paramètres novèls sián preses en compte : + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Now when connecting to the shared directories or printers, there will be a +prompt for a username and password. + + + + +To map a network drive to the share, Reconnect at Logon should be +checked, which will require the username and password to be entered just once, +at least until the password changes. + + + + + +Seguretat dels Partiments + + +There are several options available to increase the security for each individual +shared directory. Using the [share] example, this section +will cover some common options. + + + +Gropes + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + + +By default Samba looks for the local system groups defined in +/etc/group to determine which users belong to which +groups. For more information on adding and removing users from groups see + Basics. + + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +Dreches d'accès als fichièrs + + +File Permissions define the explicit rights a computer or user has to a +particular directory, file, or set of files. Such permissions may be defined by +editing the /etc/samba/smb.conf file and specifying the +explicit permissions of a defined file share. + + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + + +After editing /etc/samba/smb.conf, restart Samba for the changes to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + +For the read list and write list to +work the Samba security mode must not be set to security = share + + + + +Now that Samba has been configured to limit which groups have access to the +shared directory, the filesystem permissions need to be updated. + + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Puèi remontatz la particion : + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + + +A Windows client will show that the new file permissions are implemented. See +the acl and setfacl man +pages for more information on POSIX ACLs. + + + + + +Perfil AppArmor per Samba + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + + +This package contains profiles for several other binaries. + + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + + +Edit /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adding information for +[share] from the file server example: + + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + + +Now place the profile into enforce and reload it: + + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + + +It is now possible to read, write, and execute files in the shared directory as +normal, and the smbd binary will have access to only +the configured files and directories. Be sure to add entries for each directory +that Samba is configured to share. Any errors will be logged to +/var/log/syslog. + + + + +Ressorsas + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations, see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + +Aqueste guida es tanben disponible en format papièr. + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + +Chapter 18 of the Samba HOWTO Collection is devoted to security. + + + + +For more information on Samba and ACLs, see the +Samba ACLs page +. + + + + + + + +Samba coma contrarotlador de domeni + + +Although it cannot act as an Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC), a +Samba server can be configured to appear as a Windows NT4-style domain +controller. A major advantage of this configuration is the ability to +centralize user and machine credentials. Samba can also use multiple backends +to store the user information. + + + +Contrarotlador principal de domeni + + +This section covers configuring Samba as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) using +the default smbpasswd backend. + + + + + + +Install Samba and libpam-smbpass to sync the user +accounts, by entering the following in a terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Next, configure Samba by editing /etc/samba/smb.conf. The +security mode should be set to user, and the workgroup should +relate to the organization properly: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains section, add or uncomment the following: + + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +domain logons : permet a Samba d'agir coma un contrarotlador de domeni + + + +logon path: places the user's Windows profile into their +home directory. It is also possible to configure a +[profiles] share placing all profiles under a single +directory. + + + + +logon drive: specifies the home directory local path. + + + + +logon home: specifies the home directory location. + + + + +logon script: determines the script to be run locally once +a user has logged in. The script needs to be placed in the +[netlogon] share. + + + + +add machine script: a script that will automatically create +the Machine Trust Account needed for a workstation to join +the domain. + + +In this example, the machines group will need to be created +using the addgroup utility. See Basics for details. + + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + + +Uncomment the [homes] share to allow the logon home to be mapped: + + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + + +When configured as a domain controller, a [netlogon] share +needs to be configured. To enable the share, uncomment: + + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + + +Now create the netlogon directory, and an +empty (for now) logon.cmd script file: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + + +Any normal Windows logon script commands can be entered in +logon.cmd to customize the client's environment. + + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart Samba to enable the new domain controller: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +It is now possible to join Windows clients to the Domain in the same manner as +joining them to an NT4 domain running on a Windows server. + + + + + + + +Backup Domain Controller + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + +Per començar, installatz samba e libpam-smbpass. Picatz dins un terminal : + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Now, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and uncomment the following +in the [global]: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains uncomment or add: + + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + + +Make sure a user has rights to read the files in /var/lib/samba. For example, to allow users in the +admin group to scp the files, +enter: + + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + + +Next, sync the user accounts, using scp to copy the +/var/lib/samba directory from the PDC: + + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart samba: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Ressorsas + + + +Per de configuracions mai elaboradas de Samba, consultatz los guidas practics Samba (en) + + +Aqueste guida es tanben disponible en format papièr. + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Integracion de Samba a l'Active Directory. + + +Accedir a un partiment Samba + + +Another use for Samba is to integrate into an existing Windows network. Once +part of an Active Directory (AD) domain, Samba can provide file and print +services to AD users. + + + +The simplest way to join an AD domain is to use +Likewise-open. For detailed instructions, see . + + + +Once part of the domain, enter the following command in the terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + + +Since the likewise-open and samba packages use separate +secrets.tdb files, a symlink must be created in /var/lib/samba: + + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + + +Next, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf changing: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + + +Restart samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +It should now be possible to access any Samba shares +from a Windows client. However, be sure to give the appropriate AD users or +groups access to the share directory. See for +more details. + + + + + +Accedir a un partiment Windows + + +Now that the Samba server is part of the Active Directory domain, any Windows +server shares can be accessed: + + + + + + +To mount a Windows file share, enter the following in a terminal prompt: + + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/partage punt_de_montatge + + + +It is also possible to access shares on computers not part of an AD domain, but +a username and password must be provided. + + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + + +Another way to copy files from a Windows server is to use the +smbclient utility. To list the files in a Windows +share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + + +To copy a file from the share, enter: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + + +This will copy the file.txt into the current directory. + + + + + +Per copiar un fichièr cap al partiment : + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + + +This will copy the /etc/hosts to //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + + +Replace all instances of fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, +username=steve,password=secret, and +file.txt with the proper server IP, hostname, +share name, file name, and an actual username and password with rights to the +share. + + + + + +Ressorsas + + +For more smbclient options see the man page: +man smbclient, also available +online. + + + +The mount.cifs +man +page is also useful for more detailed information. + + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Installacion + + +There are two ways to use Likewise Open, +likewise-open the command line utility and +likewise-open-gui. This section focuses on the +command line utility. + + + +To install the likewise-open package, open a terminal prompt and enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + +Per installar Likewise Open 5.0 pictaz : + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Rejónher un domeni + + +The main executable file of the likewise-open package +is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a +computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed: + + + + + +Access to an Active Directory user with appropriate rights to join the domain. + + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + + +If there is not a Windows DNS server on the network, see for details. + + + + + + +To join a domain, from a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + + +Replace example.com with the proper domain name, and +Administrator with the appropriate user name. + + + + +There will be a prompt for the user's password. If all goes well, a +SUCCESS message should be printed to the console. + + + + +After joining the domain, it is necessary to reboot before +attempting to authenticate against the domain. + + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + + +If configuring a Desktop, the user name will need to be prefixed with domain\ in the graphical logon as well. + + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + + +Then restart the likewise-open daemons: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + + +Once configured for a default domain, the 'domain\' is no longer required. Users can login using +only their username. + + + + +The domainjoin-cli utility can also be used to leave +the domain. From a terminal: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Autres utilitaris + + +The likewise-open package comes with a few other +utilities that may be useful for gathering information about the Active +Directory environment. These utilities are used to join the machine to the +domain, and are the same as those available in the +samba-common and winbind +packages: + + + + +lwinet : renvia d'informacions sus la ret e lo domeni. + + + +lwimsg: Allows interaction with the likewise-winbindd daemon. + + + + +lwiinfo: Displays information about various parts of +the Domain. + + + + + +Please refer to each utility's man page specific for details. + + + + +En cas de problèmas + + + + +If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the Microsoft DNS is +listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. +For example: + + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + + +For more information when joining a domain, use the --loglevel verbose or --advanced option of the +domainjoin-cli utility: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + + +If an Active Directory user has trouble logging in, check the /var/log/auth.log for details. + + + + +When joining an Kubuntu Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary +to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the +.local syntax. In order to join the domain, +the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the +hosts option. For example: + + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +Transformatz la linha çaisús en : + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + + +Then restart networking by entering: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + + +It should now be possible to join the Active Directory domain. + + + + + + +DNS Microsoft + + +The following are instructions for installing DNS on an Active Directory domain +controller running Windows Server 2003, but the instructions should be similar +for other versions: + + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Click Add or remove a role +Clicatz sus « Seguent » +Seleccionatz « Servidor DNS » +Clicatz sus « Seguent » +Click Next again to proceed +Marcatz « Crear una zòna de recèrca dirècta » s'es pas fach ja. +Clicatz sus « Seguent » +Make sure "This server maintains the zone" is selected and click Next. +Enter the domain name and click Next +Click Next to "Allow only secure dynamic updates" + + +Enter the IP for DNS servers to forward queries to, or Select "No, it should not forward queries" and click Next. + + +Clicatz sus Acabar +Clicatz sus Acabar + + +DNS is now installed and can be further configured using the Microsoft Management Console DNS snap-in. + + + + +Next, configure the Server to use itself for DNS queries: + +Clicatz sus « Aviar » +Panèl de contraròtle +Connexions a la ret +Right Click "Local Area Connection" +Clicatz sus « Proprietats » +Double click "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" +Enter the Server's IP Address as the "Preferred DNS server" +Clicatz sus D'acòrdi +Click Ok again to save the settings + + + + + + +Referéncias + + +Please refer to the Likewise home page for further information. + + + +For more domainjoin-cli options see the man page: man domainjoin-cli. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/pt_BR/sharing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/pt_BR/sharing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/pt_BR/sharing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/pt_BR/sharing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1371 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Compartilhamento de arquivos no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica como compartilhar arquivos entre o Kubuntu e Windows. + + + + +Introdução + +Redes de computadores são em geral compostas de diversos sistemas. Ao operar uma rede composta exclusivamente por desktops e servidores Kubuntu seria divertido, alguns ambientes de rede serão compostos por sistemas Kubuntu e MicrosoftWindows trabalhando juntos. Esta seção do "Guia do Servidor Kubuntu" introduz os princípios e ferramentas usadas para configurar os servidores Kubuntu para compartilhar recursos com sistemas Windows. + +O sucesso de uma rede Kubuntu com clientes Windows envolve prover e integrar serviços comuns ao ambiente Windows. Esses serviços devem suportar o compartilhamento de dados, informações sobre computadores e usuários da rede, e devem ser classificados em três categorias principais: + + + +Compartilhamento de arquivos e impressoras. O protocolo "Server Message Block (SMB)" é utilizado para facilitar o compartilhamento de arquivos, pastas, discos e impressoras por toda a rede. + + +Serviços de diretório. É vital a partilha de informações sobre os computadores e usuários da rede, com tecnologias como a "Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)" e Microsoft Active Directory. + + + Autenticação e Acesso emphasis>. + + + +O sistema Kubuntu pode fornecer todas essas capacidades para clientes Windows e ativar o compartilhamento de recursos de redes com os mesmos. Uma dos principais componentes inclusos no sistema Kubuntupara redes Windows é a suite de aplicações e ferramentas do servidor Samba (SMB) + +Esta seção do do Guia do Servidor Kubuntu irá apresentar algumas maneiras as quais o Samba é comumente usado, e como instalar e configurar os pacotes necessários. A documentação detalhada e informações adicionais sobre o Samba podem ser encontradas no Site do Samba. + + + +Servidor de arquivos samba + +Uma das maneiras mais comuns de integrar sistemas Kubuntu e Windows em rede é configurar o Samba como servidor de arquivos. esta seção abordará a criação de um servidor Samba para compartilhar arquivos com clientes Windows. + +O servidor será configurado para compartilhar arquivos com qualquer cliente na rede sem requisitar uma senha. Se o ambiente requisitar controle de acesso mais rigorosos, veja + + +Instalação + +O primeiro passo é instalar o pacote samba. A partir de um terminal, digite: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +Isto é tudo. O Samba está pronto para ser configurado para o compartilhamento de arquivos. + + + +Configuração + +O arquivo principal de configuração do Samba fica localizado em /etc/samba/smb.conf. O arquivo padrão de configuração possui um número significante de comentários para documentar várias diretivas de configuração. + +Nem todas as opções disponíveis estão incluídas no arquivo de configuração padrão. Veja a página de manual do arquivo smb.conf ou a Coleção de HOWTO's do Samba para mais detalhes. + + + + + +Edite a seguinte chave/valor localizada na seção emphasis>[global] + + +workgroup = EXEMPLO +... +security = user + + +O parâmetro de segurança está um pouco abaixo da seção global, e é comentada por padrão. altere o EXEMPLO para coincidir com o ambiente real. + + + + +Crie uma nova seção no final do arquivo, ou remova os comentários de um dos exemplos para o diretório a ser compartilhado. + + +[share] +comment = Compartilhamento do servidor de arquivos do Ubuntu +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + +Comentário: Uma breve descrição do compartilhamente. Ajuste conforme for apropriado para o caso. + + +path: o caminho do diretório a compartilhar. +Este exemplo usa o /srv/samba/sharename porque, de acordo com o Padrão de Hierarquia do Sistema de Arquivos (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard - FHS), /srv é o local onde os dados especificos devem ser mantidos. Tecnicamente, o Samba pode ter seus arquivos de configuração colocados em qualquer parte do sistema de arquivos, desde que as permissões estejam corretamente definidas, mas é recomendada a observância dos padrões. + + +browsable: habilita os clientes Windows a navegar pelo diretório compartilhado utilizando o Windows Explorer. + + +guest ok: permite aos clientes conectarem ao compartilhamento sem informarem uma senha. + + +somente leitura: determina se o compartilhamento é somente para leitura ou se são permitidos privilégios de escrita. Privilégios de escrita são permitidos apenas quando o valor é não, assim como no exemplo. Se o valor é sim, então o acesso ao compartilhamento é somente para leitura. + + +create mask: determina as permissões que novos arquivos devem ter quando criados. + + + + + + +Agora que o Samba está configurado, o diretório precisa ser criado e as permissões alteradas. A partir de um terminal, digite: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + +O parâmetro -p determina ao mkdir a criação das entradas de diretório, caso não existam. Altere o nome do compartilhamento para ajusta-lo melhor ao ambiente. + + + + + +Finalmente, reinicialize os serviços do samba para habilitar as novas configurações: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +A configuração acima permite o acesso total para qualquer cliente da rede local. Para uma configuração mais segura, veja . + + +Em um cliente Windows, agora é possível navegar no servidor de arquivos phrase>Kubuntu + +Para criar compartilhamentos adicionais, simplesmente crie uma nova seção [dir] dentro do /etc/samba/smb.conf e reinicie o Samba. Verifique se o diretóro a ser compartilhado na rede existe, e suas permissões estão definidas de forma apropriada. + + +Recursos + + + +Para configurações mais aprofundadas do Samba veja a Coleção de HOWTO's do Samba + + +O guia também está disponível em formato impresso. + + +O livro Using Samba da editora O'Reilly é outra boa referência. + + + + + + + +Tornando um Servidor de Arquivos e Impressoras Samba mais seguro + + +Modos de Segurança do Samba + +Existem dois níveis de segurança disponíveis para o protocolo de rede CIFS - Common Internet Filesystem, user-level e share-level. A implementação security mode do Samba permite mais flexibilidade, oferecendo quatro maneiras de implementar segurança em nível de usu[ario e uma maneira de implementar nível de compartilhamento: + + + +security = user: requer que os clientes forneçam usuário e senha para conectar aos compartilhamentos. COntas de usuário do Samba são separadas das contas do sistema, mas o pacote libpam-smbpass irá sincronizar os usuários e senhas do sistema com o banco de dados de usuários do Samba. + + +security = domain: este modo permite que o servidor Samba apareça para os clientes Windows como um Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain Controller (BDC), ou um Domain Member Server (DMS). Veja para mais informações. + + +security = ADS: permite que o servidor Samba seja adicionado a um domínio do Active Directory como um membro nativo. Veja para detalhes. + + +security = server: este modo é de antes do Samba poder tornar-se um servidor membro, e, devido à segurança, não deve ser utilizado. Veja a seção Segurança de Servidor do guia do Samba para maiores detalhes. + + +security = share: permite que clientes se conectem a compartilhamentos sem informar um usuário e senha. + + + +O modo de segurança a ser utilizado depende do ambiente que o servidor samba precisa criar. + + + +Security = User + +Nesta seção, vamos reconfigurar o servidor de arquivos e impressão Samba, à partir do e para solicitar autenticação. + +Primeiro, instale o pacote libpam-smbpass que irá sincronizar os usuáriuos do sistema com os usuários do banco de dados do Samba: + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + +Se o Samba Server foi escolhido durante a instalação, a libpam-smbpass já está instalada. + + +Edite /etc/samba/smb.conf, e na seção [share] mude: + + +guest ok = no + + +Finalmente, reinicialize o Samba para que as novas configurações entrem em efeito: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Agora, ao tentar conectar aos diretórios os impressoras compartilhadas, será solicitado um nome de usuário e senha. + + +Para mapear um driver de para o compartilhamento, com Reconectar durante o Logon habilitado, será solicitado o nome de usuário e senha apenas uma vez, até que as credenciais sejam alteradas. + + + + +Segurança de compartilhamento + +Existem diversas opções disponíveis para aumentar a segurança para cada diretório compartilhado. Usanso o exemplo [share], esta seção irá abordar algumas opções comuns. + + +Grupos + +Os grupos definem um conjunto de computadores ou usuários que têm um nível de acesso comum aos recursos de uma rede particular e oferecem um nível variado no controle a tais recursos. Por exemplo, se um grupo qa é definifo e contém os usuários freda, danika, e rob e um segundo grupo support é definido e consiste dos usuários danika, jeremy, e vincent, então determinados recursos da rede estão configurados para permitir o acesso ao grupo qa que consequentemente irá permitir o acesso à freda, danika, e rob, mas não ao jeremy ou vincent. Uma vez que o usuário danika pertence a ambos dos grupos qa e support, ela será capaz de acessar os recursos configurados por ambos dos grupos, enquanto todos os outros usuários terão acesso somente aos recursos explícitamente permitidos ao grupo que pertencem. + + +Por padrão, o Samba procura pelos grupos do sistema local, definidos em /etc/group para determianr quais usuários pertencem a quais grupos. Para maiores informações sobre adicionar ou remover usuários dos grupos, veja ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/basics/"> Básico + +Ao definir grupos no arquivo de configuração do Samba, /etc/samba/smb.conf, a sintaxe reconhecida é prefaciar o nome do grupo com um símbolo "@". Por exemplo, ao definir um grupo chamado sysadmin numa certa seção do /etc/samba/smb.conf, o nome do grupo pode ser adicionado como @sysadmin. + + + +Permissões de arquivo + +As Permissões de Arquivos definem direitos específicos que um computador ou usuário possui em determinado diretório, arquivo ou conjunto de arquivos. Tais permissões devem ser definidas editando o arquivo /etc/samba/smb.conf e especificando as permissões explícitas de um compartilhamento. + +Por exemplo, para um compartilhamento definido do Samba chamado share com a necessidade de dar permissões read-only ao grupo de usuários conhecido como qa, enquanto concede-se permissões de escrita no compartilhamento ao grupo chamado sysadmin e o usuário chamado vincent, o arquivo /etc/samba/smb.conf precisa ser editado e ter adicionado as seguintes entradas sob a entrada[share] : + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + +Outra possibilidade de permissão do Samba é declarar permissões administrative para um recurso compartilhado particular. Usuários com permissões administrativas podem ler, escrever e modificar qualquer informação contida no recurso aonde ao usuário foram dadas explícitas permissões administrativas. + +Por exemplo, para dar à usuária melissa permissões administrativas ao share exemplo, o arquivo /etc/samba/smb.conf precisaria ser editado para adicionar a esta linha sob a entrada [share] : + + +admin users = melissa + + +Após editar /etc/samba/smb.conf, reinicialize o Samba para que as alterações tenham efeito: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Para que as opções read list e write list funcionem, o modo de segurança do Samba não pode estar definido como security = share + + +Agora que o Samba foi configurado para limitar quais grupos possuem acesso ao diretório compartilhado, as permissões do sistema de arquivos devem ser atualizadas. + +Permissões de arquivos tradicionais do Linux não mapeiam bem as Listas de Controle de Acesso do Windows NT (ACLs). Afortunadamente POSIX ACLs estão disponíveis em servidores Kubuntu oferecendo maior controle granulado. For exemplo, para habilitar ACLs num sistema de arquivos EXT3 /srv, edite /etc/fstab adicionando a opçãoacl : + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Então remonte a partição: + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + +O exposto acima assume /srv numa partição separada. Se /srv, ou onde quer que o caminho de compartilhamento está configurado, é parte da partição /, uma reinicialização pode ser necessária. + + +Para obter a configuração do Samba acima, o grupo sysadmin deve ter permissões de leitura, escrita e execução em /srv/samba/share, o grupo qa deve ter permissões de leitura e execução, e os arquivos devem pertencer ao usuário melissa. Digite o seguinte no terminal: + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmins /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + +O comando setfacl acima dá permissões para executar todos os arquivos no diretório /srv/samba/share, que pode ou não ser desejado. + + +Um cliente Windows irá mostrar que as novas permissões de arquivo estão implementadas. Veja as páginas de manual de acl e setfacl para maiores informações sobre ACLs POSIX. + + + + +Perfil Samba AppArmor + +Kubuntu vem com o módulo de segurança AppArmor, que provê controles de acesso obrigatórios. O perfil padrão do AppArmor para Samba precisará se adaptado à uma configuração adequada. Para maiores detalhes sobre a utilização do AppArmor, por favor, veja este wiki + +Existem perfis AppArmor padrões para /usr/sbin/smbd e /usr/sbin/nmbd, os binários daemon do Samba, como parte dos pacotes apparmor-profiles. Para instalar um pacote, do prompt do terminal, digite: + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + +Este pacote contém perfis para diversos outros binários. + + +Por padrão, os perfis para smbd e nmbd estão no modo complain, permitindo ao Samba operar sem modificação do perfil. apenas registrando os erros. Para colocar o perfil de smbd no modo enforce e fazer com que Samba funcione como esperado, o perfil terá que ser modificado para refletir quaisquer diretórios que estejam compartilhados. + +Edite /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adicionando a informação em [share] para um exemplo de servidor de arquivos: + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +Agora coloque o perfil em valer e recarregue-o: + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + +Agora é possível ler, escrever e executar arquivos em um diretório compartilhado de forma normal, e o binário smbd terá acesso somente aos arquivos e diretórios configurados. Tenha certeza de adicionar entradas para cada diretório que o Samba está configurado para compartilhar. Quaisquer erros serão escritos em /var/log/syslog. + + + +Recursos + + + +Para configurações avançadas do Samba, veja a Coleção de HOWTO do Samba + + +O guia também está disponível em formato impresso. + + +O livro de O'Reilly Using Samba é também uma boa referência. + + +O Capítulo 18 da Coleção de Guias Samba é dedicado a segurança. + + +Para maiores informações sobre Samba e ACLs, veja a página sobre ACLs do Samba. + + + + + + +Samba como um Controlador de Domínio + +Ainda que não possa atuar como um Controlador de Domínio Primário de Diretório Ativo (PDC), um servidor Samba pode ser configurado para aparecer como um controlador de domínio no estilo do Windows NT4. Uma grande vantagem desta configuração é a habilidade de centralizar credenciais de usuários e máquinas. Samba também pode utilizar múltiplas infraestruturas para guardar informações do usuário. + + +Controlador de Domínio Primário + +Esta seção cobre a configuração do Samba como um Controlador de Domínio Primário (PDC) usando o infraestrutura padrão smbpasswd. + + + + +Instale o Samba e a libpam-smbpass para sincronizar as contas dos usuários, digitando o seguinte comando em um terminal: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Depois, configure o Samba editando o arquivo /etc/samba/smb.conf. O item de modo security deve ser configurado como user, e o item workgroup deve se referir à sua organização apropriadamente: + + +workgroup = EXEMPLO +... +security = user + + + + + +Na seção comentada Domains, adicione ou remova os comentários seguintes: + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +logons de domínio: fornece o serviço netlogon fazendo com que o Samba aja como um controlador de domínio. + + +caminho de logon: coloca o perfil do Windows do usuário em sua pasta pessoal. Também é possível configurar um compartilhamento de [perfis] colocando todos os perfis em um único diretório. + + +drive de autenticação: especifica o caminho local para o diretório pessoal. + + +pasta pessoal de logon: especifica a localização da pasta pessoal. + + +script de logon: determina o script que será rodado localmente assim que um usuário fizer logon. O script deve ser colocado no compartilhamento [netlogon]. + + +script de inclusão de máquina: um script que irá criar automaticamente a Conta de Confiança da Máquina necessária para a estação participar do domínio. +Neste exemplo, o grupo machines necessitará ser criado usando o utilitário addgroup. Veja Noções Básicas para detalhes. + + + + +Se Perfis de Roaming não serão usados, deixe as opções logon home e caminho de logon comentadas. + + + + + +Descomente o [homes] compartilhamento para permitir o logon home a ser mapeado: + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + +Quando configurado como um controlador de domínio, um compartilhamento [netlogon] precisa ser configurado. Para habilitar esse compartilhamento, remova o comentário de: + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + +O caminho de compartilhamento netlogon original é /home/samba/netlogon, porém de acordo com a hierarquia padrão de sistema de arquivos (FHS), /srv é a localização correta para dados específicos por sítio provido pelo sistema. + + + + + +Agora crie o diretório netlogon, e um arquivo de script vazio (por enquanto) logon.cmd: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + +Qualquer script normal de logon Windows pode ser digitado em logon.cmd para personalizar o ambiente do cliente. + + + + +Como root está desabilitado por padrão, para que a estação de trabalho entre no domínio, um grupo de sistema deve ser mapeado para o grupo Administradores de Domínio. Utilizando o utilitário net, à partir de um terminal, digite: + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + +Mude sysadmin para o grupo preferido. O usuário utilizado para entrar no domínio precisa ser um membro do grupo sysadmin, bem como um membro do grupo de sistema admin. O grupo admin permite a utilização de sudo. + + + + + +Finalmente, reinicie o Samba para habilitar o novo controlador de domínio: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Agora é possível entrar com clientes Windows no Domínio da mesma forma como se entra em um domínio NT4 que roda em um servidor Windows. + + + + + + +Cópia de Segurança do Controlador de Domínio + +Com um Controlador de Domínio Primário (PDC) na rede, é bom também ter um Controlador de Domínio Backup (BDC). Isto permitirá aos clientes se autenticarem caso o PDC se tornar indisponível. + +Quando se configura o Samba como um BDC, deve haver alguma forma de sincronização de informações de conta com o PDC. Existem várias formas de fazê-lo, como scp, rsync, ou utilizando LDAP como o backend de passdb. + +Utilizar o LDAP é a forma mais robusta de sincronizar informações de conta, pois ambos controladores de domínio podem usar a mesma informação em tempo real. Entretanto, configurando um servidor de LDAP pode ser excessivamente complicado para um locais com um pequeno número de usuários e contas de computadores. Veja a página LDAP do Samba para detalhes. + + + + +Primeiro, instale o samba e libpam-smbpass. A partir de um terminal digite: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Agora, edite /etc/samba/smb.conf e descomente o seguinte na [global]: + + +workgroup = EXEMPLO +... +security = user + + + + + +Nos Domínios comentados descomente ou adicione: + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + +Certifique-se de que um usuário tem permissão para ler os arquivos em /var/lib/samba. Por exemplo, para permitir que usuários do grupo admin usem scp nos arquivos, digite: + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + +A seguir, sincronize as contas de usuário, utilizando scp para copiar o diretório /var/lib/samba a partir do PDC. + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + +Substitua username com um nome de usuário válido e pdc com o nome de máquina ou endereço IP do PDC atual. + + + + + +Finalmente, reinicie o samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Teste se o Controlador de Domínio Backup está funcionando parando o daemon do Samba no PDC, e então tentando efetuar login em um cliente Windows que está no domínio. + +Se a opção logon home foi configurada como um diretório no PDC, e o PDC se tornar indisponível, o acesso ao disco Home do usuário também se tornará indisponível. Por esta razão, é bom que se configure o logon home para ficar em um servidor de arquivos separado do PDC e BDC. + + + + +Recursos + + + +Para configurações mais aprofundadas do Samba veja a Coleção de HOWTO's do Samba + + +O guia também está disponível em formato impresso. + + +O livro de O'Reilly Using Samba é também uma boa referência. + + + Caítulo 4 da Coleção de HOWTO do Samba explica como configurar um Controlador de Domínio Primário. + + + Capítulo 5 Coleção de HOWTO do Samba explica como configurar um Controlador de Domínio Backup. + + + + + + + +Samba Integração do Active Directory + + +Acessando um compartilhamento samba + +Outro uso para o Samba é integrar com uma rede Windows existente. Uma vez parte de um domínio Active Directory (AD), Samba pode prover serviços de arquivo e impressão aos usuários do AD. + +O caminho mais simples para entrar em um domínio AD é utilizar Likewise-open. Para instruções detalhadas, veja . + +Uma vez parte do domínio, digite o seguinte comando em um terminal: + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + +Uma vez que os pacotes likewise-open e samba usam arquivos secrets.tdb separados, um link simbólico deve ser criado em /var/lib/samba: + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +Próximo, editar /etc/samba/smb.conf mudando: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +Reiniciar o samba para que as novas configurações tenham efeito: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Deve ser agora possível acessarem-se quaisquer compartilhamentos Samba de um cliente Windows. Entretanto, certifique-se de fornecer o acesso apropriado ao diretório compartilhado pelos usuários ou grupos AD. Veja para mais detalhes. + + + + +Accessando um compartilhamento Windows + +Agora que o servidor Samba é parte do domínio do Active Directory, quaisquer compartilhamentos com servidores Windows podem ser acessados: + + + + +Para montar um compartilhamento de arquivos Windows, digite o seguinte comando em um terminal: + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + +É também possível o acesso a compartilhamentos em computadores que não fazem parte de um domínio AD, mas devem ser fornecidos um nome de usuário e senha. + + + + +Para montar o compartilhamento durante o boot, adicione uma entrada em /etc/fstab, por exemplo: + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + +Outra forma de copiar arquivos de um servidos Windows é utilizar o utilitário smbclient. Para listar os arquivos em um compartilhamento Windows: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +Para copiar um arquivo de um compartilhamento, digite: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + +Isso irá copiar o file.txt para o diretório atual. + + + + +E para copiar um arquivo para o compartilhamento: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + +Isto ira copiar o /etc/hosts para //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + +A opção -c utilizada acima permite a execução do comando smbclient de uma só vez. Isso é útil para sicripts e operações menores com arquivos. Para entrar com o prompt smb: \>, que é um prompt do tipo FTP através do qual comandos de arquivos e diretórios podem ser executados, simplesmente execute o que se segue no Konsole: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + +Substitua todas as instâncias de fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, username=steve,password=secret e file.txt pelo IP do servidor, nome do host, nome do compartilhamento, além de um nome de usuário e senha verdadeiros e com direitos de compartilhamento. + + + + +Recursos + +Para mais opções do smbclient veja a página man: man smbclient, também disponível em online. + +O mount.cifspágina man também é útil para obter informações mais detalhadas. + + + + + +Likewise Open + +Likewise Open simplifica a configuração necessária para a autenticação de uma máquina Linux em um domínio Active Directory. Baseado em winbind, o pacote likewise-open elimina as maiores complicações para se integrar autenticação Kubuntu em uma rede Windows já existente. + + +Instalação + +Existem duas formas de usar o Likewise Open, o utilitário em linha de comando likewise-open e o likewise-open-gui. Esta seção foca o uso do utilitário em linha de comando. + +Para instalar o pacote likewise-open, abra um terminal e digite: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + +Começando com Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 está disponível no repositório Universe. Entretanto, desde que o upgrade a partir de Likewise Open 4.1 requer atualmente que o sistema deixe o domínio e junte-se a ele novamente, um pacote separado para a versão 5 foi criado. + +Para instalar o Likewise Open 5.0 digite: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + +A instalação de likewise-open5 sobre likewise-open (4.1) já existente o substituirá. Deve-se juntar-se ao domínio novamente após a instalação. + + + + +Juntando-se a um domínio + +O principal arquivo executável do pacote likewise-open é /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, que é utilizado para agregar-se um computador ao domínio. Antes de juntar-se a um domínio, é necessário o seguinte: + + + +Acesso para um usuário do Active Directory com direitos apropriados para se juntar ao domínio. + + +O Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) do domínio sendo adicionado. Se o domínio AD não corresponde a a um domínio válido tal como as example.com, é provaǘel que esteja na forma de domainname.local. + + +DNS para o domínio adequadamente estabelecido. Em um meio-ambiente de produção AD, este é tipicamente o caso. Um DNS Microsoft adequado é necessário, de modo que as estações clientes possam determinar que o domínio Active Directory esteja disponível. +Se não houver um servidor Windows DNS na rede, veja para obter mais detalhes. + + + + +Para se juntar a um domínio, a partir de um terminal digite: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + +Substitua example.com pelo nome adequado do domínio e Administrator pelo nome do usuário apropriado. + + +Haverá um prompt para a senha do usuário. Se tudo ocorrer bem, uma mensagem de SUCCESS deverá ser impressa no console. + + +Após ingressar no domínio, é necessário reiniciar antes de tentar autenticar-se no domínio. + + +Depois de juntar-se com sucesso uma máquina Kubuntu a um domínio Active Diirectory, qualquer usuário AD válido pode ser utilizado para autenticação. No login, o nome de usuário deve ser colocado como 'dominio\nome-do-usuário'. Por exemplo, para acessar um servidor agregado ao domínio usando ssh, entre: + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + +Ao configurar uma Área de Trabalho, o nome do usuário precisará estar prefixado com domínio\ também no logon gráfico. + + +Para fazer com que o likewise-open utilize o domínio padrão, o seguinte comando pode ser adicionado ao /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + +Então reinicie os daemons likewise-open: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + +Uma vez configurado para um dominio padrao,o prefixo 'dominio\' não é mais necessário. Os usuários podem fazer o login usando apenas os seus nomes de usuário. + + +O utilitário domainjoin-cli pode também ser usado para deixar um domínio. Em um terminal: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Outros utilitários + +O pacote likewise-open vem com alguns outros utilitários que podem ser usados para reunir informações sobre o ambiente Active Directory. Estes utilitários são usados para associar o computador ao domínio e são os mesmos que estão disponíveis nos pacotes samba-common e winbind: + + + +lwinet: Retorna informação sobre a rede e o domínio. + + +lwimsg: Perminte uma interação com o daemon do likewise-winbindd. + + +lwiinfo: Mostra informação sobre várias partes do Domínio. + + + +Por favor refira-se a cada página do man específica do utilitário para detalhes. + + + +Solução de problemas + + + +Se o cliente tiver problemas para se agregar ao domínio, verifique que o DNS Microsoft esteja listado em primeiro lugar em /etc/resolv.conf. Por exemplo: + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +Para obter mais informações quando associar a um domínio, utilize o --loglevel verbose ou a opção --advanced do utilitário domainjoin-cli: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + +Se um usuário do Active Directory tiver problemas de autenticação, verifique o /var/log/auth.log para detalhes. + + +Quando se agregar uma estação Desktop Kubuntu a um domínio, pode ser necessário editar-se /etc/nsswitch.conf se o domínio AD empregar sintaxe .local. A fim de juntar-se ao domínio, a entrada "mdns4" deve ser removida da opção hosts. Por exemplo: + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +Altere o conteúdo acima para: + + +servidores: arquivos dns [NAOLOCALIZADO=retornar] + + +Então, reinicie a rede inserindo: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + +Agora deve ser possível entrar em um domínio Active Directory. + + + + + +DNS Microsoft + +Abaixo, seguem instruções para instalar um DNS em um controlador de domínio Active Directory rodando no Windows Server 2003, mas as instruções devem ser similares em outras versões: + + + + + +Clique InicioFerramentas AdministrativasGerencie o Seu Servidor. Isso abrirá a utilidade Papel de Gerenciamento do Servidor. + +Clique Adicionar ou remover um papel +Clique em Próximo +Selecione "Servidor DNS" +Clique em Próximo +Clique em Próximo novamente para prosseguir +Selecione "Criar uma zona de busca" se esta opção não estiver selecionada. +Clique em Próximo +Certifique-se de que "Este servidor mantém a zona" está selecionado e clique em Próximo. +Informe o nome do domínio e clique em Próximo +Clique em próximo para "Permitir apenas atualizações dinâmicas seguras" + +Digite o IP dos servidores de DNS para os quais repassar pedidos, ou selecione "Não, não repassar pedidos" e clique em Próximo. + +Clique em Finalizar +Clique em Finalizar + +O DNS está configurado e pode ser reconfigurado usando o snap-in DNS do Console de Gerenciamento da Microsoft (MMC). + + +A seguir, configure o servidor para utilizar a si próprio como DNS: +Clique em Iniciar +Painel de Controle +Conexões de rede +Clique com o botão direito do mouse em "Conexão local" +Clique em Propridades +Clique duplo em "Protocolo de Internet (TCP/IP)" +Digite o endereço IP do Servidor como o "servidor DNS preferencial" +Clique em Ok +Clique em Ok novamente para salvar as configurações + + + + + +Referências + +Por favor, visite a página do Likewise para maiores informações. + +Para mais opções de domainjoin-cli veja a página de manual: man domainjoin-cli. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/ru/sharing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/ru/sharing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/ru/sharing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/ru/sharing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1968 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Общий доступ к файлам в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ объясняет, как открывать общий доступ для обмена файлами между Kubuntu и Windows. + + + + +Введение + +Компьютерные сети часто состоят из различных систем. Функционирование сети, состоящей только из стационарных компьютеров и серверов Kubuntu, несомненно, будет предпочтительнее других сетевых окружений, состоящих из Kubuntu и MicrosoftWindows работающих вместе. Этот раздел руководства к серверной версии Kubuntu описывает принципы и инструменты, используемые для настройки серверов Kubuntu для совместного использования ресурсов сети с компьютерами Windows. + +Успешная работа в сети системы Kubuntu с клиентами Windows включает в себя обеспечение и интеграции сервисов, которые обычно функционируют в Windows окружении. Эти сервисы обеспечивают обмен данными и информацией о компьютерах и пользователей сети, а также могут быть разделены на три основные категории: + + + + +File and Printer Sharing Services. The +Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is used to facilitate +sharing files, folders, volumes, and printers throughout the network. + + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + + +Authentication and Access. It is +necessary to be able to establish the identity of a computer or user to +determine the information the computer or user is authorized to access. +Authentication and access use principles and technologies such as file +permissions, group policies, and the Kerberos authentication service. + + + + + +A Kubuntu system can provide all such capabilities for Windows clients and +enable sharing network resources with them. One of the principal pieces of +software included in a Kubuntu system for Windows networking is the Samba +suite of SMB server applications and tools. + + + +This section of the Kubuntu Server Guide will introduce some of the ways Samba +is commonly used, and how to install and configure the necessary packages. +Additional detailed documentation and information on Samba can be found +on the Samba website. + + + + +Файловый сервер Samba + +Один из наиболее распространённых способов объединить в сеть Kubuntu и компьютеры Windows - настройка Samba в качестве файлового сервера. Этот раздел посвящён настройке сервера Samba для обмена файлами с клиентами Windows. + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Установка + +Первый шаг - установка пакета samba. Введите в терминале: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +Вот и все, что нужно сделать. Сервер Samba готов для настройки для совместного использования файлов. + + + +Настройка + +Основной файл настройки Samba находится в /etc/samba/smb.conf. Файл настроек по умолчанию включает в себя значительное количество комментариев, для документирования различных параметров конфигурации. + +Не все доступные опции включены в файл настроек по умолчанию. Смотрите страницу руководства man для файла smb.conf или посетите Коллекцию Samba HOWTO для получения дополнительной информации. + + + + + +Измените следующее значение раздела [global] файла /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + + +Create a new section at the bottom of the file, or uncomment one of the +examples for the directory to be shared: + + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + +path: — путь к каталогу, к которому будет открыт доступ + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + +browsable: позволяет Windows-клиентам просматривать какталог, к которому открыт общий доступ, с помощью Windows Explorer. + + +guest ok: позволяет клиентам подключаться к ресурсу без ввода пароля. + + + +read only: determines if the share is read only or if write privileges are granted. Write privileges are allowed only when the value is no, as is seen in this example. If the value is yes, then access to the share is read only. + + + + +create mask: determines the permissions new files will have +when created. + + + + + + + + +Now that Samba is configured, the directory needs to +be created and the permissions changed. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart the samba services to enable the new configuration: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + + +The above configuration gives all access to any client on the local network. For +a more secure configuration, see . + + + + +From a Windows client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu file +server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try +creating a directory from Windows. + + + +To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] +sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart +Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually +exists and that the permissions are correct. + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + + + + + +Securing a Samba File and Print Server + + +Samba Security Modes + + +There are two security levels available to the Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS) +network protocol user-level and +share-level. Samba's security mode +implementation allows more flexibility, providing four ways of implementing +user-level security and one way to implement share-level: + + + + + +security = user: requires clients to supply a username and +password to connect to shares. Samba user accounts are separate from system +accounts, but the libpam-smbpass package will sync +system users and passwords with the Samba user database. + + + + +security = domain: this mode allows the Samba server to +appear to Windows clients as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain +Controller (BDC), or a Domain Member Server (DMS). See + for further information. + + + + +security = ADS: allows the Samba server to join an Active +Directory domain as a native member. See +for details. + + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + + +security = share: allows clients to connect to shares +without supplying a username and password. + + + + + +The preferred security mode depends on the environment and what the Samba +server needs to accomplish. + + + + +Security = User + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + + +First, install the libpam-smbpass package which will +sync the system users to the Samba user database: + + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + + +If the Samba Server task was chosen during installation, +libpam-smbpass is already installed. + + + + +Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf, and in the +[share] section change: + + + +guest ok = no + + + +Finally, restart Samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Now when connecting to the shared directories or printers, there will be a +prompt for a username and password. + + + + +To map a network drive to the share, Reconnect at Logon should be +checked, which will require the username and password to be entered just once, +at least until the password changes. + + + + + +Share Security + + +There are several options available to increase the security for each individual +shared directory. Using the [share] example, this section +will cover some common options. + + + +Groups + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + + +By default Samba looks for the local system groups defined in +/etc/group to determine which users belong to which +groups. For more information on adding and removing users from groups see + Basics. + + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +File Permissions + + +File Permissions define the explicit rights a computer or user has to a +particular directory, file, or set of files. Such permissions may be defined by +editing the /etc/samba/smb.conf file and specifying the +explicit permissions of a defined file share. + + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + + +After editing /etc/samba/smb.conf, restart Samba for the changes to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + +For the read list and write list to +work the Samba security mode must not be set to security = share + + + + +Now that Samba has been configured to limit which groups have access to the +shared directory, the filesystem permissions need to be updated. + + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + + +Then remount the partition: + + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + + +A Windows client will show that the new file permissions are implemented. See +the acl and setfacl man +pages for more information on POSIX ACLs. + + + + + +Samba AppArmor Profile + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + + +This package contains profiles for several other binaries. + + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + + +Edit /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adding information for +[share] from the file server example: + + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + + +Now place the profile into enforce and reload it: + + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + + +It is now possible to read, write, and execute files in the shared directory as +normal, and the smbd binary will have access to only +the configured files and directories. Be sure to add entries for each directory +that Samba is configured to share. Any errors will be logged to +/var/log/syslog. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations, see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + +Chapter 18 of the Samba HOWTO Collection is devoted to security. + + + + +For more information on Samba and ACLs, see the +Samba ACLs page +. + + + + + + + +Samba as a Domain Controller + + +Although it cannot act as an Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC), a +Samba server can be configured to appear as a Windows NT4-style domain +controller. A major advantage of this configuration is the ability to +centralize user and machine credentials. Samba can also use multiple backends +to store the user information. + + + +Primary Domain Controller + + +This section covers configuring Samba as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) using +the default smbpasswd backend. + + + + + + +Install Samba and libpam-smbpass to sync the user +accounts, by entering the following in a terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Next, configure Samba by editing /etc/samba/smb.conf. The +security mode should be set to user, and the workgroup should +relate to the organization properly: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains section, add or uncomment the following: + + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + + +domain logons: provides the netlogon service causing Samba +to act as a domain controller. + + + + +logon path: places the user's Windows profile into their +home directory. It is also possible to configure a +[profiles] share placing all profiles under a single +directory. + + + + +logon drive: specifies the home directory local path. + + + + +logon home: specifies the home directory location. + + + + +logon script: determines the script to be run locally once +a user has logged in. The script needs to be placed in the +[netlogon] share. + + + + +add machine script: a script that will automatically create +the Machine Trust Account needed for a workstation to join +the domain. + + +In this example, the machines group will need to be created +using the addgroup utility. See Basics for details. + + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + + +Uncomment the [homes] share to allow the logon home to be mapped: + + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + + +When configured as a domain controller, a [netlogon] share +needs to be configured. To enable the share, uncomment: + + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + + +Now create the netlogon directory, and an +empty (for now) logon.cmd script file: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + + +Any normal Windows logon script commands can be entered in +logon.cmd to customize the client's environment. + + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin +rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart Samba to enable the new domain controller: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +It is now possible to join Windows clients to the Domain in the same manner as +joining them to an NT4 domain running on a Windows server. + + + + + + + +Backup Domain Controller + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + + +First, install samba and libpam-smbpass. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Now, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and uncomment the following +in the [global]: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains uncomment or add: + + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + + +Make sure a user has rights to read the files in /var/lib/samba. For example, to allow users in the +admin group to scp the files, +enter: + + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + + +Next, sync the user accounts, using scp to copy the +/var/lib/samba directory from the PDC: + + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart samba: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Samba Active Directory Integration + + +Accessing a Samba Share + + +Another use for Samba is to integrate into an existing Windows network. Once +part of an Active Directory (AD) domain, Samba can provide file and print +services to AD users. + + + +The simplest way to join an AD domain is to use +Likewise-open. For detailed instructions, see . + + + +Once part of the domain, enter the following command in the terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + + +Since the likewise-open and samba packages use separate +secrets.tdb files, a symlink must be created in /var/lib/samba: + + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + + +Next, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf changing: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + + +Restart samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +It should now be possible to access any Samba shares +from a Windows client. However, be sure to give the appropriate AD users or +groups access to the share directory. See for +more details. + + + + + +Accessing a Windows Share + + +Now that the Samba server is part of the Active Directory domain, any Windows +server shares can be accessed: + + + + + + +To mount a Windows file share, enter the following in a terminal prompt: + + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + + +It is also possible to access shares on computers not part of an AD domain, but +a username and password must be provided. + + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + + +Another way to copy files from a Windows server is to use the +smbclient utility. To list the files in a Windows +share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + + +To copy a file from the share, enter: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + + +This will copy the file.txt into the current directory. + + + + + + +And to copy a file to the share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + + +This will copy the /etc/hosts to //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + + +Replace all instances of fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, +username=steve,password=secret, and +file.txt with the proper server IP, hostname, +share name, file name, and an actual username and password with rights to the +share. + + + + + +Resources + + +For more smbclient options see the man page: +man smbclient, also available +online. + + + +The mount.cifs +man +page is also useful for more detailed information. + + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Установка + + +There are two ways to use Likewise Open, +likewise-open the command line utility and +likewise-open-gui. This section focuses on the +command line utility. + + + +To install the likewise-open package, open a terminal prompt and enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + + +To install Likewise Open 5.0 enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Joining a Domain + + +The main executable file of the likewise-open package +is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a +computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed: + + + + + +Access to an Active Directory user with appropriate rights to join the domain. + + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + + +If there is not a Windows DNS server on the network, see for details. + + + + + + +To join a domain, from a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + + +Replace example.com with the proper domain name, and +Administrator with the appropriate user name. + + + + +There will be a prompt for the user's password. If all goes well, a +SUCCESS message should be printed to the console. + + + + +After joining the domain, it is necessary to reboot before +attempting to authenticate against the domain. + + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + + +If configuring a Desktop, the user name will need to be prefixed with domain\ in the graphical logon as well. + + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + + +Then restart the likewise-open daemons: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + + +Once configured for a default domain, the 'domain\' is no longer required. Users can login using +only their username. + + + + +The domainjoin-cli utility can also be used to leave +the domain. From a terminal: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Other Utilities + + +The likewise-open package comes with a few other +utilities that may be useful for gathering information about the Active +Directory environment. These utilities are used to join the machine to the +domain, and are the same as those available in the +samba-common and winbind +packages: + + + + + +lwinet: Returns information about the network and the domain. + + + + +lwimsg: Allows interaction with the likewise-winbindd daemon. + + + + +lwiinfo: Displays information about various parts of +the Domain. + + + + + +Please refer to each utility's man page specific for details. + + + + +Troubleshooting + + + + +If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the Microsoft DNS is +listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. +For example: + + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + + +For more information when joining a domain, use the --loglevel verbose or --advanced option of the +domainjoin-cli utility: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + + +If an Active Directory user has trouble logging in, check the /var/log/auth.log for details. + + + + +When joining an Kubuntu Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary +to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the +.local syntax. In order to join the domain, +the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the +hosts option. For example: + + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + + +Change the above to: + + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + + +Then restart networking by entering: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + + +It should now be possible to join the Active Directory domain. + + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + + +The following are instructions for installing DNS on an Active Directory domain +controller running Windows Server 2003, but the instructions should be similar +for other versions: + + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Click Add or remove a role +Click Next +Select "DNS Server" +Click Next +Click Next again to proceed +Select "Create a forward lookup zone" if it is not selected. +Click Next +Make sure "This server maintains the zone" is selected and click Next. +Enter the domain name and click Next +Click Next to "Allow only secure dynamic updates" + + +Enter the IP for DNS servers to forward queries to, or Select "No, it should not forward queries" and click Next. + + +Click Finish +Click Finish + + +DNS is now installed and can be further configured using the Microsoft Management Console DNS snap-in. + + + + +Next, configure the Server to use itself for DNS queries: + +Click Start +Control Panel +Network Connections +Right Click "Local Area Connection" +Click Properties +Double click "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" +Enter the Server's IP Address as the "Preferred DNS server" +Click Ok +Click Ok again to save the settings + + + + + + +References + + +Please refer to the Likewise home page for further information. + + + +For more domainjoin-cli options see the man page: man domainjoin-cli. + + + + +
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+ +File Sharing in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to share files between Kubuntu and Windows. + + + + + +Introduction + + +Computer networks are often comprised of diverse systems. While operating a +network made up entirely of Kubuntu desktop and server computers would +certainly be fun, some network environments will consist of Kubuntu and +Microsoft +Windows systems working together. This +section of the Kubuntu Server Guide introduces principles and tools used for +configuring Kubuntu servers to share network resources with Windows computers. + + + +Successfully networking a Kubuntu system with Windows clients involves +providing and integrating services common to Windows environments. These +services support sharing data and information about the computers and users +on the network, and may be classified into three major categories: + + + + + +File and Printer Sharing Services. The +Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is used to facilitate +sharing files, folders, volumes, and printers throughout the network. + + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + + +Authentication and Access. It is +necessary to be able to establish the identity of a computer or user to +determine the information the computer or user is authorized to access. +Authentication and access use principles and technologies such as file +permissions, group policies, and the Kerberos authentication service. + + + + + +A Kubuntu system can provide all such capabilities for Windows clients and +enable sharing network resources with them. One of the principal pieces of +software included in a Kubuntu system for Windows networking is the Samba +suite of SMB server applications and tools. + + + +This section of the Kubuntu Server Guide will introduce some of the ways Samba +is commonly used, and how to install and configure the necessary packages. +Additional detailed documentation and information on Samba can be found +on the Samba website. + + + + +Samba File Server + + +One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu and Windows computers is to +configure Samba as a File Server. This section covers setting up a +Samba server to share files with Windows clients. + + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Installation + + +The first step is to install the samba package. From a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + +That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing. + + + + +Configuration + + +The main Samba configuration file is located in +/etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a +significant number of comments in order to document various configuration +directives. + + + +Not all the available options are included in the default configuration file. See the smb.conf +man page or the +Samba HOWTO Collection for more details. + + + + + + + +Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section +of /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + + +Create a new section at the bottom of the file, or uncomment one of the +examples for the directory to be shared: + + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + + +path: the path to the directory to share. + + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + + +browsable: enables Windows clients to browse the shared +directory using Windows Explorer. + + + + +guest ok: allows clients to connect to the share without +supplying a password. + + + + +read only: determines if the share is read only or if write privileges are granted. Write privileges are allowed only when the value is no, as is seen in this example. If the value is yes, then access to the share is read only. + + + + +create mask: determines the permissions new files will have +when created. + + + + + + + + +Now that Samba is configured, the directory needs to +be created and the permissions changed. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart the samba services to enable the new configuration: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + + +The above configuration gives all access to any client on the local network. For +a more secure configuration, see . + + + + +From a Windows client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu file +server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try +creating a directory from Windows. + + + +To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] +sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart +Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually +exists and that the permissions are correct. + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + + + + + +Securing a Samba File and Print Server + + +Samba Security Modes + + +There are two security levels available to the Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS) +network protocol user-level and +share-level. Samba's security mode +implementation allows more flexibility, providing four ways of implementing +user-level security and one way to implement share-level: + + + + + +security = user: requires clients to supply a username and +password to connect to shares. Samba user accounts are separate from system +accounts, but the libpam-smbpass package will sync +system users and passwords with the Samba user database. + + + + +security = domain: this mode allows the Samba server to +appear to Windows clients as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain +Controller (BDC), or a Domain Member Server (DMS). See + for further information. + + + + +security = ADS: allows the Samba server to join an Active +Directory domain as a native member. See +for details. + + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + + +security = share: allows clients to connect to shares +without supplying a username and password. + + + + + +The preferred security mode depends on the environment and what the Samba +server needs to accomplish. + + + + +Security = User + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + + +First, install the libpam-smbpass package which will +sync the system users to the Samba user database: + + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + + +If the Samba Server task was chosen during installation, +libpam-smbpass is already installed. + + + + +Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf, and in the +[share] section change: + + + +guest ok = no + + + +Finally, restart Samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Now when connecting to the shared directories or printers, there will be a +prompt for a username and password. + + + + +To map a network drive to the share, Reconnect at Logon should be +checked, which will require the username and password to be entered just once, +at least until the password changes. + + + + + +Share Security + + +There are several options available to increase the security for each individual +shared directory. Using the [share] example, this section +will cover some common options. + + + +Groups + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + + +By default Samba looks for the local system groups defined in +/etc/group to determine which users belong to which +groups. For more information on adding and removing users from groups see + Basics. + + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +File Permissions + + +File Permissions define the explicit rights a computer or user has to a +particular directory, file, or set of files. Such permissions may be defined by +editing the /etc/samba/smb.conf file and specifying the +explicit permissions of a defined file share. + + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + + +After editing /etc/samba/smb.conf, restart Samba for the changes to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + +For the read list and write list to +work the Samba security mode must not be set to security = share + + + + +Now that Samba has been configured to limit which groups have access to the +shared directory, the filesystem permissions need to be updated. + + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + + +Then remount the partition: + + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + + +A Windows client will show that the new file permissions are implemented. See +the acl and setfacl man +pages for more information on POSIX ACLs. + + + + + +Samba AppArmor Profile + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + + +This package contains profiles for several other binaries. + + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + + +Edit /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adding information for +[share] from the file server example: + + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + + +Now place the profile into enforce and reload it: + + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + + +It is now possible to read, write, and execute files in the shared directory as +normal, and the smbd binary will have access to only +the configured files and directories. Be sure to add entries for each directory +that Samba is configured to share. Any errors will be logged to +/var/log/syslog. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations, see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + +Chapter 18 of the Samba HOWTO Collection is devoted to security. + + + + +For more information on Samba and ACLs, see the +Samba ACLs page +. + + + + + + + +Samba as a Domain Controller + + +Although it cannot act as an Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC), a +Samba server can be configured to appear as a Windows NT4-style domain +controller. A major advantage of this configuration is the ability to +centralize user and machine credentials. Samba can also use multiple backends +to store the user information. + + + +Primary Domain Controller + + +This section covers configuring Samba as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) using +the default smbpasswd backend. + + + + + + +Install Samba and libpam-smbpass to sync the user +accounts, by entering the following in a terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Next, configure Samba by editing /etc/samba/smb.conf. The +security mode should be set to user, and the workgroup should +relate to the organization properly: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains section, add or uncomment the following: + + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + + +domain logons: provides the netlogon service causing Samba +to act as a domain controller. + + + + +logon path: places the user's Windows profile into their +home directory. It is also possible to configure a +[profiles] share placing all profiles under a single +directory. + + + + +logon drive: specifies the home directory local path. + + + + +logon home: specifies the home directory location. + + + + +logon script: determines the script to be run locally once +a user has logged in. The script needs to be placed in the +[netlogon] share. + + + + +add machine script: a script that will automatically create +the Machine Trust Account needed for a workstation to join +the domain. + + +In this example, the machines group will need to be created +using the addgroup utility. See Basics for details. + + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + + +Uncomment the [homes] share to allow the logon home to be mapped: + + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + + +When configured as a domain controller, a [netlogon] share +needs to be configured. To enable the share, uncomment: + + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + + +Now create the netlogon directory, and an +empty (for now) logon.cmd script file: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + + +Any normal Windows logon script commands can be entered in +logon.cmd to customize the client's environment. + + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin +rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart Samba to enable the new domain controller: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +It is now possible to join Windows clients to the Domain in the same manner as +joining them to an NT4 domain running on a Windows server. + + + + + + + +Backup Domain Controller + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + + +First, install samba and libpam-smbpass. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Now, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and uncomment the following +in the [global]: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains uncomment or add: + + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + + +Make sure a user has rights to read the files in /var/lib/samba. For example, to allow users in the +admin group to scp the files, +enter: + + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + + +Next, sync the user accounts, using scp to copy the +/var/lib/samba directory from the PDC: + + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart samba: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Samba Active Directory Integration + + +Accessing a Samba Share + + +Another use for Samba is to integrate into an existing Windows network. Once +part of an Active Directory (AD) domain, Samba can provide file and print +services to AD users. + + + +The simplest way to join an AD domain is to use +Likewise-open. For detailed instructions, see . + + + +Once part of the domain, enter the following command in the terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + + +Since the likewise-open and samba packages use separate +secrets.tdb files, a symlink must be created in /var/lib/samba: + + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + + +Next, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf changing: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + + +Restart samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +It should now be possible to access any Samba shares +from a Windows client. However, be sure to give the appropriate AD users or +groups access to the share directory. See for +more details. + + + + + +Accessing a Windows Share + + +Now that the Samba server is part of the Active Directory domain, any Windows +server shares can be accessed: + + + + + + +To mount a Windows file share, enter the following in a terminal prompt: + + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + + +It is also possible to access shares on computers not part of an AD domain, but +a username and password must be provided. + + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + + +Another way to copy files from a Windows server is to use the +smbclient utility. To list the files in a Windows +share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + + +To copy a file from the share, enter: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + + +This will copy the file.txt into the current directory. + + + + + + +And to copy a file to the share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + + +This will copy the /etc/hosts to //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + + +Replace all instances of fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, +username=steve,password=secret, and +file.txt with the proper server IP, hostname, +share name, file name, and an actual username and password with rights to the +share. + + + + + +Resources + + +For more smbclient options see the man page: +man smbclient, also available +online. + + + +The mount.cifs +man +page is also useful for more detailed information. + + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Installation + + +There are two ways to use Likewise Open, +likewise-open the command line utility and +likewise-open-gui. This section focuses on the +command line utility. + + + +To install the likewise-open package, open a terminal prompt and enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + + +To install Likewise Open 5.0 enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Joining a Domain + + +The main executable file of the likewise-open package +is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a +computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed: + + + + + +Access to an Active Directory user with appropriate rights to join the domain. + + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + + +If there is not a Windows DNS server on the network, see for details. + + + + + + +To join a domain, from a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + + +Replace example.com with the proper domain name, and +Administrator with the appropriate user name. + + + + +There will be a prompt for the user's password. If all goes well, a +SUCCESS message should be printed to the console. + + + + +After joining the domain, it is necessary to reboot before +attempting to authenticate against the domain. + + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + + +If configuring a Desktop, the user name will need to be prefixed with domain\ in the graphical logon as well. + + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + + +Then restart the likewise-open daemons: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + + +Once configured for a default domain, the 'domain\' is no longer required. Users can login using +only their username. + + + + +The domainjoin-cli utility can also be used to leave +the domain. From a terminal: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Other Utilities + + +The likewise-open package comes with a few other +utilities that may be useful for gathering information about the Active +Directory environment. These utilities are used to join the machine to the +domain, and are the same as those available in the +samba-common and winbind +packages: + + + + + +lwinet: Returns information about the network and the domain. + + + + +lwimsg: Allows interaction with the likewise-winbindd daemon. + + + + +lwiinfo: Displays information about various parts of +the Domain. + + + + + +Please refer to each utility's man page specific for details. + + + + +Troubleshooting + + + + +If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the Microsoft DNS is +listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. +For example: + + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + + +For more information when joining a domain, use the --loglevel verbose or --advanced option of the +domainjoin-cli utility: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + + +If an Active Directory user has trouble logging in, check the /var/log/auth.log for details. + + + + +When joining an Kubuntu Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary +to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the +.local syntax. In order to join the domain, +the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the +hosts option. For example: + + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + + +Change the above to: + + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + + +Then restart networking by entering: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + + +It should now be possible to join the Active Directory domain. + + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + + +The following are instructions for installing DNS on an Active Directory domain +controller running Windows Server 2003, but the instructions should be similar +for other versions: + + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Click Add or remove a role +Click Next +Select "DNS Server" +Click Next +Click Next again to proceed +Select "Create a forward lookup zone" if it is not selected. +Click Next +Make sure "This server maintains the zone" is selected and click Next. +Enter the domain name and click Next +Click Next to "Allow only secure dynamic updates" + + +Enter the IP for DNS servers to forward queries to, or Select "No, it should not forward queries" and click Next. + + +Click Finish +Click Finish + + +DNS is now installed and can be further configured using the Microsoft Management Console DNS snap-in. + + + + +Next, configure the Server to use itself for DNS queries: + +Click Start +Control Panel +Network Connections +Right Click "Local Area Connection" +Click Properties +Double click "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" +Enter the Server's IP Address as the "Preferred DNS server" +Click Ok +Click Ok again to save the settings + + + + + + +References + + +Please refer to the Likewise home page for further information. + + + +For more domainjoin-cli options see the man page: man domainjoin-cli. + + + + +
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+ +File Sharing in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to share files between Kubuntu and Windows. + + + + + +Introduction + + +Computer networks are often comprised of diverse systems. While operating a +network made up entirely of Kubuntu desktop and server computers would +certainly be fun, some network environments will consist of Kubuntu and +Microsoft +Windows systems working together. This +section of the Kubuntu Server Guide introduces principles and tools used for +configuring Kubuntu servers to share network resources with Windows computers. + + + +Successfully networking a Kubuntu system with Windows clients involves +providing and integrating services common to Windows environments. These +services support sharing data and information about the computers and users +on the network, and may be classified into three major categories: + + + + + +File and Printer Sharing Services. The +Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is used to facilitate +sharing files, folders, volumes, and printers throughout the network. + + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + + +Authentication and Access. It is +necessary to be able to establish the identity of a computer or user to +determine the information the computer or user is authorized to access. +Authentication and access use principles and technologies such as file +permissions, group policies, and the Kerberos authentication service. + + + + + +A Kubuntu system can provide all such capabilities for Windows clients and +enable sharing network resources with them. One of the principal pieces of +software included in a Kubuntu system for Windows networking is the Samba +suite of SMB server applications and tools. + + + +This section of the Kubuntu Server Guide will introduce some of the ways Samba +is commonly used, and how to install and configure the necessary packages. +Additional detailed documentation and information on Samba can be found +on the Samba website. + + + + +Samba File Server + + +One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu and Windows computers is to +configure Samba as a File Server. This section covers setting up a +Samba server to share files with Windows clients. + + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Installation + + +The first step is to install the samba package. From a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + +That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing. + + + + +Configuration + + +The main Samba configuration file is located in +/etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a +significant number of comments in order to document various configuration +directives. + + + +Not all the available options are included in the default configuration file. See the smb.conf +man page or the +Samba HOWTO Collection for more details. + + + + + + + +Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section +of /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + + +Create a new section at the bottom of the file, or uncomment one of the +examples for the directory to be shared: + + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + + +path: the path to the directory to share. + + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + + +browsable: enables Windows clients to browse the shared +directory using Windows Explorer. + + + + +guest ok: allows clients to connect to the share without +supplying a password. + + + + +read only: determines if the share is read only or if write privileges are granted. Write privileges are allowed only when the value is no, as is seen in this example. If the value is yes, then access to the share is read only. + + + + +create mask: determines the permissions new files will have +when created. + + + + + + + + +Now that Samba is configured, the directory needs to +be created and the permissions changed. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart the samba services to enable the new configuration: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + + +The above configuration gives all access to any client on the local network. For +a more secure configuration, see . + + + + +From a Windows client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu file +server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try +creating a directory from Windows. + + + +To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] +sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart +Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually +exists and that the permissions are correct. + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is another good reference. + + + + + + + + +Securing a Samba File and Print Server + + +Samba Security Modes + + +There are two security levels available to the Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS) +network protocol user-level and +share-level. Samba's security mode +implementation allows more flexibility, providing four ways of implementing +user-level security and one way to implement share-level: + + + + + +security = user: requires clients to supply a username and +password to connect to shares. Samba user accounts are separate from system +accounts, but the libpam-smbpass package will sync +system users and passwords with the Samba user database. + + + + +security = domain: this mode allows the Samba server to +appear to Windows clients as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain +Controller (BDC), or a Domain Member Server (DMS). See + for further information. + + + + +security = ADS: allows the Samba server to join an Active +Directory domain as a native member. See +for details. + + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + + +security = share: allows clients to connect to shares +without supplying a username and password. + + + + + +The preferred security mode depends on the environment and what the Samba +server needs to accomplish. + + + + +Security = User + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + + +First, install the libpam-smbpass package which will +sync the system users to the Samba user database: + + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + + +If the Samba Server task was chosen during installation, +libpam-smbpass is already installed. + + + + +Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf, and in the +[share] section change: + + + +guest ok = no + + + +Finally, restart Samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Now when connecting to the shared directories or printers, there will be a +prompt for a username and password. + + + + +To map a network drive to the share, Reconnect at Logon should be +checked, which will require the username and password to be entered just once, +at least until the password changes. + + + + + +Share Security + + +There are several options available to increase the security for each individual +shared directory. Using the [share] example, this section +will cover some common options. + + + +Groups + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + + +By default Samba looks for the local system groups defined in +/etc/group to determine which users belong to which +groups. For more information on adding and removing users from groups see + Basics. + + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +File Permissions + + +File Permissions define the explicit rights a computer or user has to a +particular directory, file, or set of files. Such permissions may be defined by +editing the /etc/samba/smb.conf file and specifying the +explicit permissions of a defined file share. + + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + + +After editing /etc/samba/smb.conf, restart Samba for the changes to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + +For the read list and write list to +work the Samba security mode must not be set to security = share + + + + +Now that Samba has been configured to limit which groups have access to the +shared directory, the filesystem permissions need to be updated. + + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + + +Then remount the partition: + + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + + +A Windows client will show that the new file permissions are implemented. See +the acl and setfacl man +pages for more information on POSIX ACLs. + + + + + +Samba AppArmor Profile + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + + +This package contains profiles for several other binaries. + + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + + +Edit /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adding information for +[share] from the file server example: + + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + + +Now place the profile into enforce and reload it: + + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + + +It is now possible to read, write, and execute files in the shared directory as +normal, and the smbd binary will have access to only +the configured files and directories. Be sure to add entries for each directory +that Samba is configured to share. Any errors will be logged to +/var/log/syslog. + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations, see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + +Chapter 18 of the Samba HOWTO Collection is devoted to security. + + + + +For more information on Samba and ACLs, see the +Samba ACLs page +. + + + + + + + +Samba as a Domain Controller + + +Although it cannot act as an Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC), a +Samba server can be configured to appear as a Windows NT4-style domain +controller. A major advantage of this configuration is the ability to +centralize user and machine credentials. Samba can also use multiple backends +to store the user information. + + + +Primary Domain Controller + + +This section covers configuring Samba as a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) using +the default smbpasswd backend. + + + + + + +Install Samba and libpam-smbpass to sync the user +accounts, by entering the following in a terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Next, configure Samba by editing /etc/samba/smb.conf. The +security mode should be set to user, and the workgroup should +relate to the organization properly: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains section, add or uncomment the following: + + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + + +domain logons: provides the netlogon service causing Samba +to act as a domain controller. + + + + +logon path: places the user's Windows profile into their +home directory. It is also possible to configure a +[profiles] share placing all profiles under a single +directory. + + + + +logon drive: specifies the home directory local path. + + + + +logon home: specifies the home directory location. + + + + +logon script: determines the script to be run locally once +a user has logged in. The script needs to be placed in the +[netlogon] share. + + + + +add machine script: a script that will automatically create +the Machine Trust Account needed for a workstation to join +the domain. + + +In this example, the machines group will need to be created +using the addgroup utility. See Basics for details. + + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + + +Uncomment the [homes] share to allow the logon home to be mapped: + + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + + +When configured as a domain controller, a [netlogon] share +needs to be configured. To enable the share, uncomment: + + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + + +Now create the netlogon directory, and an +empty (for now) logon.cmd script file: + + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + + +Any normal Windows logon script commands can be entered in +logon.cmd to customize the client's environment. + + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin +rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart Samba to enable the new domain controller: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +It is now possible to join Windows clients to the Domain in the same manner as +joining them to an NT4 domain running on a Windows server. + + + + + + + +Backup Domain Controller + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + + +First, install samba and libpam-smbpass. From a terminal enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Now, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and uncomment the following +in the [global]: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains uncomment or add: + + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + + +Make sure a user has rights to read the files in /var/lib/samba. For example, to allow users in the +admin group to scp the files, +enter: + + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + + +Next, sync the user accounts, using scp to copy the +/var/lib/samba directory from the PDC: + + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + + +Finally, restart samba: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Resources + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + + +The guide is also available in +printed format. + + + + +O'Reilly's Using +Samba is also a good reference. + + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Samba Active Directory Integration + + +Accessing a Samba Share + + +Another use for Samba is to integrate into an existing Windows network. Once +part of an Active Directory (AD) domain, Samba can provide file and print +services to AD users. + + + +The simplest way to join an AD domain is to use +Likewise-open. For detailed instructions, see . + + + +Once part of the domain, enter the following command in the terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + + +Since the likewise-open and samba packages use separate +secrets.tdb files, a symlink must be created in /var/lib/samba: + + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + + +Next, edit /etc/samba/smb.conf changing: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + + +Restart samba for the new settings to take effect: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +It should now be possible to access any Samba shares +from a Windows client. However, be sure to give the appropriate AD users or +groups access to the share directory. See for +more details. + + + + + +Accessing a Windows Share + + +Now that the Samba server is part of the Active Directory domain, any Windows +server shares can be accessed: + + + + + + +To mount a Windows file share, enter the following in a terminal prompt: + + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + + +It is also possible to access shares on computers not part of an AD domain, but +a username and password must be provided. + + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + + +Another way to copy files from a Windows server is to use the +smbclient utility. To list the files in a Windows +share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + + +To copy a file from the share, enter: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + + +This will copy the file.txt into the current directory. + + + + + + +And to copy a file to the share: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + + +This will copy the /etc/hosts to //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + + +Replace all instances of fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, +username=steve,password=secret, and +file.txt with the proper server IP, hostname, +share name, file name, and an actual username and password with rights to the +share. + + + + + +Resources + + +For more smbclient options see the man page: +man smbclient, also available +online. + + + +The mount.cifs +man +page is also useful for more detailed information. + + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Installation + + +There are two ways to use Likewise Open, +likewise-open the command line utility and +likewise-open-gui. This section focuses on the +command line utility. + + + +To install the likewise-open package, open a terminal prompt and enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + + +To install Likewise Open 5.0 enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Joining a Domain + + +The main executable file of the likewise-open package +is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a +computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed: + + + + + +Access to an Active Directory user with appropriate rights to join the domain. + + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + + +If there is not a Windows DNS server on the network, see for details. + + + + + + +To join a domain, from a terminal prompt enter: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + + +Replace example.com with the proper domain name, and +Administrator with the appropriate user name. + + + + +There will be a prompt for the user's password. If all goes well, a +SUCCESS message should be printed to the console. + + + + +After joining the domain, it is necessary to reboot before +attempting to authenticate against the domain. + + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + + +If configuring a Desktop, the user name will need to be prefixed with domain\ in the graphical logon as well. + + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + + +Then restart the likewise-open daemons: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + + +Once configured for a default domain, the 'domain\' is no longer required. Users can login using +only their username. + + + + +The domainjoin-cli utility can also be used to leave +the domain. From a terminal: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Other Utilities + + +The likewise-open package comes with a few other +utilities that may be useful for gathering information about the Active +Directory environment. These utilities are used to join the machine to the +domain, and are the same as those available in the +samba-common and winbind +packages: + + + + + +lwinet: Returns information about the network and the domain. + + + + +lwimsg: Allows interaction with the likewise-winbindd daemon. + + + + +lwiinfo: Displays information about various parts of +the Domain. + + + + + +Please refer to each utility's man page specific for details. + + + + +Troubleshooting + + + + +If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the Microsoft DNS is +listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. +For example: + + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + + +For more information when joining a domain, use the --loglevel verbose or --advanced option of the +domainjoin-cli utility: + + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + + +If an Active Directory user has trouble logging in, check the /var/log/auth.log for details. + + + + +When joining an Kubuntu Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary +to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the +.local syntax. In order to join the domain, +the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the +hosts option. For example: + + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + + +Change the above to: + + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + + +Then restart networking by entering: + + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + + +It should now be possible to join the Active Directory domain. + + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + + +The following are instructions for installing DNS on an Active Directory domain +controller running Windows Server 2003, but the instructions should be similar +for other versions: + + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Click Add or remove a role +Click Next +Select "DNS Server" +Click Next +Click Next again to proceed +Select "Create a forward lookup zone" if it is not selected. +Click Next +Make sure "This server maintains the zone" is selected and click Next. +Enter the domain name and click Next +Click Next to "Allow only secure dynamic updates" + + +Enter the IP for DNS servers to forward queries to, or Select "No, it should not forward queries" and click Next. + + +Click Finish +Click Finish + + +DNS is now installed and can be further configured using the Microsoft Management Console DNS snap-in. + + + + +Next, configure the Server to use itself for DNS queries: + +Click Start +Control Panel +Network Connections +Right Click "Local Area Connection" +Click Properties +Double click "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" +Enter the Server's IP Address as the "Preferred DNS server" +Click Ok +Click Ok again to save the settings + + + + + + +References + + +Please refer to the Likewise home page for further information. + + + +For more domainjoin-cli options see the man page: man domainjoin-cli. + + + + +
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+ +Fildelning i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument förklarar hur man delar filer mellan Kubuntu och Windows. + + + + +Inledning + + +Computer networks are often comprised of diverse systems. While operating a +network made up entirely of Kubuntu desktop and server computers would +certainly be fun, some network environments will consist of Kubuntu and +Microsoft +Windows systems working together. This +section of the Kubuntu Server Guide introduces principles and tools used for +configuring Kubuntu servers to share network resources with Windows computers. + + + +Successfully networking a Kubuntu system with Windows clients involves +providing and integrating services common to Windows environments. These +services support sharing data and information about the computers and users +on the network, and may be classified into three major categories: + + + + + +File and Printer Sharing Services. The +Server Message Block (SMB) protocol is used to facilitate +sharing files, folders, volumes, and printers throughout the network. + + + + +Directory Services. Vital information is shared +about the computers and users of the network with such technologies as the +Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and Microsoft +Active Directory. + + + + +Authentication and Access. It is +necessary to be able to establish the identity of a computer or user to +determine the information the computer or user is authorized to access. +Authentication and access use principles and technologies such as file +permissions, group policies, and the Kerberos authentication service. + + + + + +A Kubuntu system can provide all such capabilities for Windows clients and +enable sharing network resources with them. One of the principal pieces of +software included in a Kubuntu system for Windows networking is the Samba +suite of SMB server applications and tools. + + + +This section of the Kubuntu Server Guide will introduce some of the ways Samba +is commonly used, and how to install and configure the necessary packages. +Additional detailed documentation and information on Samba can be found +on the Samba website. + + + + +Samba-filserver + + +One of the most common ways to network Kubuntu and Windows computers is to +configure Samba as a File Server. This section covers setting up a +Samba server to share files with Windows clients. + + + +The server will be configured to share files with any client on the network +without prompting for a password. If the environment requires stricter Access +Controls, see + + + +Installation + +Första steget är att installera paketet samba. Skriv från en terminalprompt: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + + +That's all there is to it. Samba is ready to be configured for file sharing. + + + + +Konfiguration + + +The main Samba configuration file is located in +/etc/samba/smb.conf. The default configuration file has a +significant number of comments in order to document various configuration +directives. + + +Inte alla valbara alternativ är inkluderade i standardkonfigurationsfilen. Se smb.confman-sida eller Samba HOWTO Collection för fler detaljer. + + + + + + +Edit the following key/value pairs in the [global] section +of /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + +The security parameter is farther down in the [global] +section, and is commented out by default. +Change EXAMPLE to match the actual environment. + + + + + + +Create a new section at the bottom of the file, or uncomment one of the +examples for the directory to be shared: + + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + + +comment: a short description of the share. Adjust to fit +as appropriate. + + + +path: Sökvägen till den delade katalogen. + +This example uses /srv/samba/sharename because, according +to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), +/srv +is where site-specific data should be served. Technically Samba shares can be +placed anywhere on the filesystem as long as the permissions are correct, but +adhering to standards is recommended. + + + +browsable: möjliggör för Windowsklienter att bläddra i den delade katalogen genom att använda Windows Explorer. + + +guest ok: tillåter klienter att ansluta till delningen utan att ange något lösenord. + + +read only: bestämmer om utdelningen endast är läsbar eller om skrivrättigheter är beviljade. Skrivrättigheter tillåts endast om värdet är no, som ses i detta exempel. Om värdet är yes, då är åtkomsten till utdelningen endast läsbar. + + +create mask: fastställer rättigheterna som nya filer får när de skapas. + + + + + + +Nu när Samba är konfigurerat, behöver katalogen skapas och rättigheterna ändras. skriv från en terminal: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The -p switch tells mkdir to create the entire directory +tree if it doesn't exist. Change the share name to fit the environment. + + + + + + +Till sist, starta om tjänsten samba för att aktivera din nya konfiguration: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + + +The above configuration gives all access to any client on the local network. For +a more secure configuration, see . + + + + +From a Windows client, it should now be possible to browse to the Kubuntu file +server and see the shared directory. To check that everything is working, try +creating a directory from Windows. + + + +To create additional shares, simply create new [dir] +sections in /etc/samba/smb.conf, and restart +Samba. Make sure that the directory to be shared actually +exists and that the permissions are correct. + + + +Resurser + + + +För detaljerad konfigurering av Samba, se Samba HOWTO Collection + + +Den här guiden finns också tillgänglig i ett utskrivet format. + + +O'Reilly's Using Samba är en annan bra referens. + + + + + + + +Säkra en Samba fil- och skrivarserver + + +Samba säkerhetsmetoder + +Det finns två säkerhetsnivåer tillgängliga i nätverksprotokollet Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS) användarnivå och delningsnivå. Sambas implementering av säkerhetsmetoder tillåter en högre flexibilitet genom att tillhandahålla fyra sätt att implementera säkerhet på användarnivå och ett sätt att implementera delningsnivå: + + + +security = user: kräver att klienter anger ett användarnamn och lösenord för att ansluta till en delning. Användarkonton i Samba är separerade från systemkonton, men paketet libpam-smbpass kan synkronisera systemets användare och lösenord med användardatabasen i Samba. + + +security = domain: det här läget tillåter Sambaservern att för Windowsklienterna framstå som en Primary Domain Controller (PDC), Backup Domain Controller (BDC), eller en Domain Member Server (DMS). Se för ytterligare information. + + +security = ADS: tillåter Sambaservern att ansluta till en Active Directory domän som en naturlig medlem. Se för detaljer. + + + +security = server: this mode is left over from before Samba +could become a member server, and, due to some security issues, should not be +used. See the Server Security section of the Samba guide for more +details. + + + +security = share: tillåter klienter att ansluta till delningar utan att ange användarnamn och lösenord. + + + + +The preferred security mode depends on the environment and what the Samba +server needs to accomplish. + + + + +Security = User + + +This section will reconfigure the Samba file and print server, from and the + Print Server, to +require authentication. + + +Börja med att installera paketet libpam-smbpass som kommer att synkronisera systemets användare med användardatabasen i Samba: + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + + +If the Samba Server task was chosen during installation, +libpam-smbpass is already installed. + + + +Redigera /etc/samba/smb.conf, och i avsnittet [share] ändra: + + +guest ok = no + + +Till sist, starta om Samba för att de nya inställningarna skall få effekt: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Now when connecting to the shared directories or printers, there will be a +prompt for a username and password. + + + + +To map a network drive to the share, Reconnect at Logon should be +checked, which will require the username and password to be entered just once, +at least until the password changes. + + + + + +Delningsäkerhet + +Det finns flera möjliga alternativ till att utöka säkerheten för varje enskild delad katalog. Genom att använda modellen [share] kommer detta avsnitt att behandla några av de vanligaste konfigurationsalternativen. + + +Grupper + + +Groups define a collection of computers or users which have a common level of +access to particular network resources and offer a level of granularity in +controlling access to such resources. For example, if a group +qa is defined and contains the users +freda, danika, and rob and +a second group support is defined and +consists of users danika, +jeremy, and vincent, then certain network resources configured to +allow access by the qa group will +subsequently enable access by freda, danika, and rob, but not jeremy or +vincent. Since the user danika +belongs to both the qa and support groups, she will be able to access resources +configured for access by both groups, whereas all other users will have only +access to resources explicitly allowing the group they are part of. + + + + +By default Samba looks for the local system groups defined in +/etc/group to determine which users belong to which +groups. For more information on adding and removing users from groups see + Basics. + + + +When defining groups in the Samba configuration file, +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the recognized syntax +is to preface the group name with an "@" symbol. For example, to define a group +named sysadmin in a certain section of the +/etc/samba/smb.conf, the group name would be entered as +@sysadmin. + + + + +Filrättigheter + +Filrättigheter definierar tydliga rättigheter en dator eller användare har till en bestämd fil eller uppsättning filer. Sådana rättigheter kan definieras genom att redigera filen /etc/samba/smb.conf och specificera tydliga rättigheter av en definierad fildelning. + + +For example, for a defined Samba share called share and +the need to give read-only permissions to the +group of users known as qa, while allowing +write permissions to the share by the group called +sysadmin and the user named vincent, then the +/etc/samba/smb.conf file could be edited to add the +following entries under the [share] entry: + + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + + +Another possible Samba permission is to declare +administrative permissions to a particular shared resource. +Users having administrative permissions may read, write, or modify any +information contained in the resource where the user has been given explicit +administrative permissions. + + + +For example, to give the user melissa +administrative permissions to the share +example, the /etc/samba/smb.conf file would be edited to +add the following line under the [share] entry: + + + +admin users = melissa + + +Efter redigering av /etc/samba/smb.conf, starta om Samba för att ändringarna skall få effekt: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Om read list och write list skall fungera skall inte Sambas säkerhetsläge not sättas till security = share + + +Nu när Samba är konfigurerat till att begränsa vilka grupper som har rättighet att komma åt delade kataloger, måste filsystemets rättigheter uppdateras. + + +Traditional Linux file permissions do not map well to Windows NT Access Control +Lists (ACLs). Fortunately POSIX ACLs are available on Kubuntu servers +providing more fine grained control. For example, to enable ACLs on +/srv an EXT3 filesystem, edit +/etc/fstab adding the acl option: + + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Återmontera därefter partitionen + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + + +The above example assumes /srv on a separate partition. If /srv, +or wherever the share path is configured, is part of the / +partition, a reboot may be required. + + + + +To match the Samba configuration above, the sysadmin group +will be given read, write, and execute permissions to +/srv/samba/share, the qa group will be +given read and execute permissions, and the files will be owned by the username +melissa. Enter the following in a terminal: + + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + + +The setfacl command above gives +execute permissions to all files in the +/srv/samba/share directory, which may or may not be +desirable. + + + + +A Windows client will show that the new file permissions are implemented. See +the acl and setfacl man +pages for more information on POSIX ACLs. + + + + + +Samba AppArmor Profil + + +Kubuntu comes with the AppArmor security module, +which provides mandatory access controls. The default AppArmor profile for Samba +will need to be adapted to the proper configuration. For more details on using +AppArmor, please refer to the wiki + + + +There are default AppArmor profiles for /usr/sbin/smbd and +/usr/sbin/nmbd, the Samba daemon binaries, as part of the +apparmor-profiles packages. To install the package, +from a terminal prompt, enter: + + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + +Det här paketet innehåller profiler för flera andra binärer. + + + +By default the profiles for smbd and +nmbd are in complain mode, +allowing Samba to work without modifying the profile, and only logging errors. +To place the smbd profile into +enforce mode, and have Samba work as expected, the profile +will need to be modified to reflect any directories that are shared. + + + +Edit /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd, adding information for +[share] from the file server example: + + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +Placera nu profilen i enforce och ladda om den: + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + + +It is now possible to read, write, and execute files in the shared directory as +normal, and the smbd binary will have access to only +the configured files and directories. Be sure to add entries for each directory +that Samba is configured to share. Any errors will be logged to +/var/log/syslog. + + + + +Resurser + + + + +For in depth Samba configurations, see the +Samba HOWTO Collection + + + +Den här guiden finns också tillgänglig i ett utskrivet format. + + +O'Reilly's Using Samba är en annan bra referens. + + +Kapitel 18 i samlingen av Samba HOWTO ägnas åt säkerhet. + + + +For more information on Samba and ACLs, see the +Samba ACLs page +. + + + + + + + +Samba som en domänkontrollant + +Även om den inte kan agera som en Active Directory Primary Domain Controller (PDC), kan en Samba-server konfigureras för att visas som en domänkontrollant i Windows NT4 stil. En betydande fördel med den här konfigurationen är förmågan att centralisera användare och maskinreferenser. Samba kan även använda flera bakändesystem till att lagra användarinformation. + + +Primär domänkontrollant + +Detta avsnitt behandlar konfigurationen av Samba som en Primär domänkontrollant (PDC) genom att använda standard-bakändesystemet för smbpasswd. + + + + + +Install Samba and libpam-smbpass to sync the user +accounts, by entering the following in a terminal prompt: + + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + + +Next, configure Samba by editing /etc/samba/smb.conf. The +security mode should be set to user, and the workgroup should +relate to the organization properly: + + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + + +In the commented Domains section, add or uncomment the following: + + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +domain logons: tillhandahåller tjänsten Netlogon som medför att Samba fungerar som en domänkontrollant. + + +logon path: placerar användarens Windows-profil i deras hemmakatalog. Det är också möjligt att konfigurera en delad [profiles] och placera alla profiler under en enda katalog. + + +logon drive: specificerar hemmakatalogens lokala sökväg. + + +logon home: specificerar hemmakatalogens plats. + + +logon script: fastställer vilket skript som skall köras lokalt när en användare har loggat in. Skriptet måste placeras i delningen [netlogon]. + + +add machine script: ett skript som automatiskt skapar ett Machine Trust Account som är nödvändigt för att ansluta en arbetsstation till en domän. + +In this example, the machines group will need to be created +using the addgroup utility. See Basics for details. + + + + + + +If Roaming Profiles will not be used, leave the +logon home and logon path options +commented. + + + + + + +Avkommentera delningen [homes] för att tillåta logon home att bli ansluten: + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + + +When configured as a domain controller, a [netlogon] share +needs to be configured. To enable the share, uncomment: + + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + + +The original netlogon share path is +/home/samba/netlogon, but according to the Filesystem +Hierarchy Standard (FHS), /srv is the correct location +for site-specific data provided by the system. + + + + + + +Skapa nu katalogen netlogon, och en (för tillfället) tom logon.cmd skriptfil: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + + +Any normal Windows logon script commands can be entered in +logon.cmd to customize the client's environment. + + + + + + +With root being disabled by default, in order to join a +workstation to the domain, a system group must be mapped to the Windows +Domain Admins group. Using the +net utility, from a terminal enter: + + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + + +Change sysadmin to the preferred group. The +user used to join the domain needs to be a member of the +sysadmin group, as well as a member of the system +admin group. The admin group allows +sudo use. + + + + + + +Slutligen, starta om Samba för att aktivera den nya domänkontrollanten: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +It is now possible to join Windows clients to the Domain in the same manner as +joining them to an NT4 domain running on a Windows server. + + + + + + + +Reserv-domänkontrollant + + +With a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) on the network, it is best to have a +Backup Domain Controller (BDC) as well. This will allow clients to authenticate +in case the PDC becomes unavailable. + + + +When configuring Samba as a BDC, there must be a way to sync account information +with the PDC. There are multiple ways of accomplishing this, such as +scp, rsync, or by using +LDAP as the passdb backend. + + + +Using LDAP is the most robust way to sync account information, because both +domain controllers can use the same information in real time. However, setting +up a LDAP server may be overly complicated for a small number of user and +computer accounts. See Samba LDAP page for +details. + + + + + +Börja med att installera samba och libpam-smbpass. Från en terminal skriv: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Redigera nu /etc/samba/smb.conf och avkommentera följande i [global]: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +I den kommenterade Domains avkommentera eller lägg till: + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + +Säkerställ att en användare har läsrättigheter till filer i /var/lib/samba. till exempel, för att tillåta användare i gruppen admin till scp filerna, skriv: + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + +Nästa steg, synkronisera användarkontona, genom att använda scp till att kopiera katalogen /var/lib/samba från PDCn: + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + + +Replace username with a valid username and +pdc with the hostname or IP Address of the actual PDC. + + + + + + +Till sist, starta om samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Test that the Backup Domain controller is working by stopping the Samba daemon +on the PDC, then trying to login to a Windows client joined to the domain. + + + +If the logon home option has been configured as a directory +on the PDC, and the PDC becomes unavailable, access to the user's +Home drive will also be unavailable. For this reason, +it is best to configure the logon home to reside on a +separate file server from the PDC and BDC. + + + + + +Resurser + + + +För detaljerad konfigurering av Samba, se Samba HOWTO Collection + + +Den här guiden finns också tillgänglig i ett utskrivet format. + + +O'Reilly's Using Samba är en annan bra referens. + + + + +Chapter 4 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Primary +Domain Controller. + + + + + +Chapter 5 of the Samba HOWTO Collection explains setting up a Backup +Domain Controller. + + + + + + + + +Samba-integrering mot Active Directory + + +Få åtkomst till en Samba-delning + + +Another use for Samba is to integrate into an existing Windows network. Once +part of an Active Directory (AD) domain, Samba can provide file and print +services to AD users. + + + +The simplest way to join an AD domain is to use +Likewise-open. For detailed instructions, see . + + +Så snart du anslutit till domänen, skriv följande kommando i terminalprompten: + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + + +Since the likewise-open and samba packages use separate +secrets.tdb files, a symlink must be created in /var/lib/samba: + + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +Nästa steg, redigera /etc/samba/smb.conf och ändra: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +Starta om samba för att de nya inställningarna skall få effekt: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +It should now be possible to access any Samba shares +from a Windows client. However, be sure to give the appropriate AD users or +groups access to the share directory. See for +more details. + + + + + +Få åtkomst till en Windows-utdelning + + +Now that the Samba server is part of the Active Directory domain, any Windows +server shares can be accessed: + + + + + + +To mount a Windows file share, enter the following in a terminal prompt: + + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + + +It is also possible to access shares on computers not part of an AD domain, but +a username and password must be provided. + + + + + + +To mount the share during boot, place an entry in +/etc/fstab, for example: + + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + +Ett annat sätt att kopiera filer från en Windows-server är att använda hjälpprogrammet smbclient. För att lista filerna i en Windows-utdelning: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +För att kopiera en fil till utdelningen, skriv: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + +Detta kommer att kopiera file.txt till den nuvarande katalogen. + + + + +Och för att kopiera en fil till utdelningen: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + +Detta kommer kopiera /etc/hosts till //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + + +The -c option used above allows execution of the +smbclient command all at once. This is useful for +scripting and minor file operations. To enter the smb: +\> prompt, an FTP-like prompt where normal file and directory +commands can be executed, simply run the following in Konsole: + + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + + +Replace all instances of fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, +username=steve,password=secret, and +file.txt with the proper server IP, hostname, +share name, file name, and an actual username and password with rights to the +share. + + + + + +Resurser + +För fler alternativ till smbclient se man-sidorna: man smbclient, också tillgängligt som direkthjälp. + +mount.cifsman-sida är också användbar för ytterligare detaljered information. + + + + + +Likewise Open + + +Likewise Open simplifies the necessary configuration +needed to authenticate a Linux machine to an Active Directory domain. Based on +winbind, the likewise-open +package takes the pain out of integrating Kubuntu authentication into an +existing Windows network. + + + +Installation + +Det finns två sätt att använda Likewise Open, kommandoradsverktyget likewise-open och likewise-open-gui. Detta avsnitt fokuserar på kommandoradsverktyget. + +För att installera paketet likewise-open, öppna en terminalprompt och skriv: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + + +Starting with Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 is +available in the Universe repository. However, since +upgrading from Likewise Open 4.1 currently requires +the system to leave the domain and re-join, a separate package for version five +was created. + + +För att installera Likewise Open 5.0 skriv: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + + +Installing likewise-open5 over an existing likewise-open (4.1) installation will +replace it. The domain will have to be rejoined after install. + + + + + +Ansluta till en domän + + +The main executable file of the likewise-open package +is /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, which is used to join a +computer to the domain. Before joining a domain, the following are needed: + + + + +Åtkomst till en Active Directory användare som har lämpliga rättigheter för att ansluta till domänen. + + + +The Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the domain +being joined. If the AD domain does not match a valid domain such as example.com, it is likely that it is in the form of +domainname.local. + + + + +DNS for the domain set up properly. In a production AD environment, this +is typically the case. Proper Microsoft DNS is needed so that client +workstations can determine that the Active Directory domain is available. + + +If there is not a Windows DNS server on the network, see for details. + + + + + +För att ansluta till en domän, skriv från en terminalprompt: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + + +Replace example.com with the proper domain name, and +Administrator with the appropriate user name. + + + + +There will be a prompt for the user's password. If all goes well, a +SUCCESS message should be printed to the console. + + + +Efter att anslutit till domänen, är det nödvändigt att starta om innan du försöker autentisera mot domänen. + + + +After successfully joining an Kubuntu machine to an Active Directory domain, +any valid AD user can be used to authenticate. To login, the user name must be +entered as 'domain\username'. For example to ssh to a server joined to the +domain, enter: + + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + + +If configuring a Desktop, the user name will need to be prefixed with domain\ in the graphical logon as well. + + + + +To make likewise-open use a default domain, the following statement can be added +to /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + +Starta sedan om demonen likewise-open: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + + +Once configured for a default domain, the 'domain\' is no longer required. Users can login using +only their username. + + + +Verktyget domainjoin-cli kan också användas för att lämna en domän. Från en terminal: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Andra verktyg + +Paketet likewise-open kommer med några andra verktyg som kan vara användbara för att samla information om Active Directory miljön. Dessa verktyg används för att ansluta datorn till domänen och är samma som är med i paketen samba-common och winbind: + + + +lwinet: Returnerar information om nätverket och domänen. + + +lwimsg: Tillåter interaktion med demonen likewise-winbindd. + + +lwiinfo: Visar information om olika delar av en domän. + + + +För närmare detaljer hänvisas du till respektive verktygs manualsida. + + + +Problemlösning + + + + +If the client has trouble joining the domain, check that the Microsoft DNS is +listed first in /etc/resolv.conf. +For example: + + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +För ytterligare information när du ansluter till en domän, använd --loglevel verbose eller --advanced alternativen till verktyget domainjoin-cli: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + +Om en AD-användare har problem att logga in, kontrollera /var/log/auth.log för detaljer. + + + +When joining an Kubuntu Desktop workstation to a domain, it may be necessary +to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf if the AD domain uses the +.local syntax. In order to join the domain, +the "mdns4" entry should be removed from the +hosts option. For example: + + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +Ändra ovanstående till: + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + +Starta därefter om nätverket genom att skriva: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + + +It should now be possible to join the Active Directory domain. + + + + + + +Microsoft DNS + +Följande är instruktioner för att installera DNS på en AD-domänkontrollant som kör Windows Server 2003, men instruktionerna bör vara liknande för andra versioner: + + + + + + +Click + +StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server +. +This will open the Server Role Management utility. + + +Klicka på Add or remove a role +Klicka på Next +Välj "DNS Server" +Klicka på Next +Klicka en gång till på Next för att fortsätta +Välj "Create a forward lookup zone" om det inte redan är valt. +Klicka på Next +Säkerställ att "This server maintains the zone" är valt och klicka Next. +Ange domännamnet och klicka på Nästa +Klicka på Next till "Allow only secure dynamic updates" + +Ange IP för DNS-servrarna att vidarebefordra förfrågningar till eller Välj "No, it should not forward queries" och klicka Next. + +Klicka på Finish +Klicka på Finish + +DNS är nu installerat och kan ytterligare konfigureras genom att använda Microsoft Management Console DNS tillägg. + + +Nästa steg, konfigurera servern till att använda sig själv för DNS-förfrågningar: +Klicka på Start +Control Panel +Network Connections +Högerklicka på "Local Area Connection" +Klicka på Properties +Dubbelklicka på "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" +Ange serverns IP-adress som "Preferred DNS server" +Klicka OK +Klicka OK igen för att spara inställningarna + + + + + +Referenser + +På webbplatsen för Likewise finns ytterligare information. + +För fler alternativ till domainjoin-cli se manualsidan: man domainjoin-cli. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/uk/sharing.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/uk/sharing.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/sharing/uk/sharing.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/sharing/uk/sharing.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,1371 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Спільне користування файлами у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі подано настанови щодо спільного використання файлів у Kubuntu і Windows. + + + + +Вступ + +Комп’ютерні мережі часто складаються з різнорідних систем. Хоча працювати у мережі, яка складається лише з комп’ютерів під керуванням стільничних та серверних варіантів Kubuntu, було б чудово, у деяких мережевих середовищах системи Kubuntu і MicrosoftWindows працюють разом. У цьому розділі «Інструкції з керування сервером Kubuntu» наведено вступні принципи та довідку з програм для налаштування серверів Kubuntu на спільне використання ресурсів з комп’ютерами під керуванням Windows. + +Однією з необхідних умов успішної роботи у мережі системи Kubuntu з клієнтськими комп’ютерами під керуванням Windows є надання та інтегрування служб, спільних з середовищами Windows. Такі служби підтримують обмін даними та спілкування між комп’ютерами та користувачами мережі. Їх можна розподілити на три основні категорії: + + + +Служби оприлюднення файлів та принтерів. Для забезпечення спільного доступу до файлів, тек, томів та принтерів використовується протокол Server Message Block (SMB). + + +Служби каталогів. Обмін важливими даними між комп’ютерами і користувачами мережі здійснюється на основі таких технологій, як Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) та Microsoft Active Directory. + + +Розпізнавання і доступ. Для визначення того, чи має комп’ютер або користувач уповноваження на доступ до ресурсів, дуже важливим є розпізнавання користувача. Для розпізнавання і надання доступу використовуються такі принципи та технології: права доступу до файлів, правила роботи з групами користувачів та служба розпізнавання Kerberos. + + + +Система Kubuntu здатна надавати всі такі можливості клієнтським комп’ютерам під керуванням Windows та уможливлювати спільне використання мережевих ресурсів з цими комп’ютерами. Одним з основних компонентів програмного забезпечення, яке є частиною системи Kubuntu для роботи у мережі з Windows, є комплект програм Samba, який складається з серверних та клієнтських програм, що працюють з протоколом SMB. + +У цьому розділі «Інструкції з керування сервером Kubuntu» ми наведемо вступні зауваження щодо способів типового використання Samba, а також встановлення і налаштування потрібних пакунків. Додаткові докладні відомості щодо Samba можна знайти на веб-сайті Samba. + + + +Файловий сервер Samba + +Одним з найпоширеніших способів забезпечення спільної роботи у мережі комп’ютерів під керуванням Kubuntu і Windows є налаштування Samba як сервера роботи з файлами. У цьому розділі наведено настанови з налаштування сервера Samba на спільне використання файлів з клієнтськими комп’ютерами під керуванням Windows. + +Сервер буде налаштовано на надання доступу до файлів для будь-якого клієнтського комп’ютера у мережі без надання пароля. Якщо у вашому середовищі мають виконуватися строгі правила безпеки, зверніться до розділу + + +Встановлення + +Спочатку вам слід встановити пакунок samba. Введіть в терміналі: + + +sudo apt-get install samba + + +Оце і все. Samba готова до налаштування для спільного використання файлів. + + + +Налаштування + +Основний файл налаштувань Samba розташовано за адресою /etc/samba/smb.conf. У типовому файлі налаштувань доволі багато коментарів, які допоможуть вам розібратися з призначенням команд налаштування. + +У типовому файлі налаштування ви знайдете не всі параметри налаштування. Докладніше про параметри можна дізнатися зі сторінки довідника (man) smb.conf або Збірки настанов щодо Samba . + + + + + +Внесіть зміни до таких пар ключ/значення у розділі [global] файла /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + +Параметр security розміщено нижче у розділі [global]. Типово, його закоментовано. Замініть EXAMPLE на значення, що відповідає вашому середовищу. + + + + +Створіть розділ у нижній частині файла або вилучіть позначки коментування з одного з прикладів для каталогу, який буде надано у спільний доступ: + + +[share] +comment = Ubuntu File Server Share +path = /srv/samba/share +browsable = yes +guest ok = yes +read only = no +create mask = 0755 + + + + +comment: короткий опис спільного ресурса. Вкажіть будь-який бажаний опис. + + +path: шлях до каталогу спільного ресурсу. +У нашому прикладі використано адресу /srv/samba/sharename, оскільки, відповідно до Стандарту ієрархії файлових систем (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard або FHS), у /srv мають зберігатися дані, специфічні для сайтів. З технічної точки зору, спільні ресурси Samba можна розташовувати у довільних місцях системи (якщо на них встановлено належні права доступу), але стандартів все ж варто дотримуватися. + + +browsable: призначено для уможливлення перегляду вмісту спільного каталогу з клієнтський комп’ютерів під керуванням Windows за допомогою Windows Explorer. + + +guest ok: дозволяє клієнтським комп’ютерам встановлювати з’єднання зі спільним ресурсом без використання пароля. + + +read only: визначає, можна лише читати дані зі спільного ресурсу чи можна також дані і записувати. Запис можна буде здійснювати, лише якщо буде вказано значення no, як у нашому прикладі. Якщо буде вказано значення yes, дані зі спільного ресурсу можна буде лише читати. + + +create mask: визначає права доступу на новостворені файли. + + + + + + +Тепер, коли Samba налаштовано, слід створити каталог і змінити права доступу до нього. У терміналі віддайте таку команду: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/share +sudo chown nobody.nogroup /srv/samba/share/ + + + +Перемикач -p наказує mkdir створити всю ієрархію каталогів, якщо такої не існує. Змініть назву спільного ресурсу відповідно до середовища. + + + + + +Нарешті, перезапустіть служби samba, щоб нові налаштування набули чинності: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + + +Визначені вище налаштування нададуть необмежений доступ для будь-якого клієнтського комп’ютера у локальній мережі. Якщо вам потрібні безпечніші налаштування, зверніться до розділу . + + +Тепер з клієнтського комп’ютера можна буде переглядати вміст файлового сервера Kubuntu і бачити каталог спільного використання. Щоб перевірити, чи все працює, спробуйте створити каталог з Windows. + +Для створення додаткових спільних ресурсів слід створити додаткові розділи [dir] у файлі /etc/samba/smb.conf і перезапустити Samba. Переконайтеся, що каталог, який ви надаєте у спільне користування, справді існує і що для нього було визначено належні права доступу. + + +Ресурси + + + +Докладніше про налаштування Samba можна дізнатися з збірки порад з Samba + + +Крім того, з підручником можна ознайомитися у паперовому форматі. + + +Ще одним чудовим підручником є Використання Samba видавництва O'Reilly. + + + + + + + +Убезпечення сервера спільного використання файлів та принтерів Samba + + +Режими захисту Samba + +Існує два рівні захисту мережевого протоколу Common Internet Filesystem (CIFS): на рівні користувача і на рівні ресурсу. Реалізація режиму захисту Samba є більш гнучкою: передбачено чотири способи реалізації захисту на рівні користувача і один спосіб реалізувати захист на рівні ресурсу: + + + +security = user: визначає, що клієнтським комп’ютерам слід надати ім’я користувача і пароль для встановлення з’єднання зі спільними ресурсами. Облікові записи користувачів Samba є окремими обліковими записами, що не збігаються з обліковими записами користувачів системи, але пакунок libpam-smbpass синхронізує списки користувачів системи і паролі з базою даних користувачів Samba. + + +security = domain: за допомогою цього режиму можна зробити сервер Samba для клієнтських комп’ютерів Windows основним контролером домену (Primary Domain Controller або PDC), резервним контролером домену (Backup Domain Controller і BDC) або сервером учасників домену (Domain Member Server або DMS). Докладніше про це у розділі . + + +security = ADS: дозволяє серверу Samba долучатися до домену Active Directory як звичайному учаснику. Докладніше про це у розділі . + + +security = server: цей режим залишився від часів, коли Samba не могла ставати учасником сервера, через проблеми з безпекою цим режимом не слід користуватися. Докладніше про це у розділі Захист сервера підручника з Samba. + + +security = share: надає змогу клієнтським комп’ютерам встановлювати з’єднання зі спільними ресурсами без використання імені користувача і пароля. + + + +Кращий режим захисту залежить від середовища та завдань, які має виконувати сервер Samba. + + + +Security = User + +За допомогою цього розділу можна повторно налаштувати сервер роботи з файлами та принтерами Samba з і сервера друку на використання режиму розпізнавання. + +Спочатку встановіть пакунок libpam-smbpass, який синхронізуватиме записи користувачів системи з базою даних користувачів Samba: + + +sudo apt-get install libpam-smbpass + + + +Якщо під час встановлення було вибрано завдання Сервер Samba, пакунок libpam-smbpass вже встановлено. + + +Внесіть зміни до розділу [share] файла /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + +guest ok = no + + +Нарешті, перезапустіть Samba, щоб нові параметри набули чинності: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Тепер під час встановлення з’єднання з каталогами або принтерами спільного використання буде показано запит щодо імені користувача і пароля. + + +Щоб відобразити вміст мережевого диска на спільний ресурс, слід позначити пункт «Повторно встановлювати з’єднання при вході». У разі позначення пункту система надсилатиме запит щодо імені користувача і пароля лише раз, принаймні до зміни пароля. + + + + +Захист спільних ресурсів + +Передбачено декілька варіантів покращення захисту окремих каталогів спільного використання. За допомогою прикладу [share] у цьому розділі висвітлено декілька загальних варіантів. + + +Групи + +Групи визначають збірки комп’ютерів або користувачів з однаковим рівнем доступу до певних мережевих ресурсів, а також визначають рівень деталізації у керуванні доступу і визначає рівень деталізації у керуванні доступом до таких ресурсів. Наприклад, якщо визначено групу qa, що містить користувачів freda, danika і rob, і іншу групу support, що містить користувачів danika, jeremy і vincent, потім налаштовано певні мережеві ресурси на доступ для групи qa, доступ буде надано користувачам freda, danika і rob, але не користувачам jeremy і vincent. Оскільки користувач danika належить до обох груп, qa і support, він зможе отримати доступ до ресурсів, налаштованих на доступ до обох груп, а інші користувачі матимуть доступ лише до ресурсів, до яких явним чином надано доступ групі, учасником якої є ці користувачі. + + +Типово, Samba шукає локальні групи системи, визначені у /etc/group для розподілу користувачів за групами. Докладніші відомості щодо додавання та вилучення користувачів з груп можна знайти у розділі Основи. + +Під час визначення груп у файлі налаштувань Samba, /etc/samba/smb.conf, для кращого сприйняття слід додавати перед назвою групи символ «@». Наприклад, щоб визначити групу з назвою sysadmin у певному розділі файла /etc/samba/smb.conf, слід додати запис @sysadmin. + + + +Права доступу до файлів + +Права доступу явно визначають права певного комп’ютера або користувача на виконання дій з каталогом, файлом або набором файлів. Такі права доступу можна визначити за допомогою редагування файла /etc/samba/smb.conf з визначенням явних прав доступу до визначеного спільного файлового ресурсу. + +Наприклад, для визначення спільного ресурсу Samba з назвою share, для якого буде надано права лише читання групі користувачів з назвою qa і права на запис групі з назвою sysadmin та користувачеві vincent, слід внести зміни до файла /etc/samba/smb.conf, а саме додати такі записи у групу [share]: + + +read list = @qa +write list = @sysadmin, vincent + + +Ще однією можливістю задання прав доступу у Samba є визначення адміністративних прав доступу до певного спільного ресурсу. Користувачі з адміністративними правами доступу можуть читати, писати та вносити зміни до будь-яких даних ресурсу, де користувачеві було надано явні адміністративні права доступу. + +Наприклад, щоб надати користувачеві melissa адміністративних прав доступу до спільного ресурсу, слід внести зміни до файла /etc/samba/smb.conf, а саме, додати такий рядок у розділ [share]: + + +admin users = melissa + + +Після внесення змін до /etc/samba/smb.conf перезапустіть Samba, щоб зміни набули чинності: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + +Щоб мати змогу працювати з read list і write list, режим захисту Samba не слід встановлювати у значення security = share + + +Тепер, коли Samba налаштовано на обмеження переліку груп користувачів, які мають доступ до спільного каталогу, слід оновити права доступу до файлової системи. + +Традиційні права доступу до файлів Linux не дуже то і збігаються з списками керування доступом (ACL) Windows NT. На щастя на серверах з Kubuntu можна скористатися ACL POSIX. За допомогою цих списків керування доступом можна здійснювати дуже точне керування. Для прикладу, щоб увімкнути ACL на /srv з файловою системою EXT3, внесіть зміни до файла /etc/fstab, а саме, додайте параметр acl: + + +UUID=66bcdd2e-8861-4fb0-b7e4-e61c569fe17d /srv ext3 noatime,relatime,acl 0 + 1 + + +Після цього повторно змонтуйте розділ: + + +sudo mount -v -o remount /srv + + + +У наведеному вище прикладі припускалося, що каталог /srv зберігається на окремому розділі. Якщо є /srv або будь-який інший каталог, налаштування якого виконується, є частиною розділу /, може знадобитися перезавантаження системи. + + +Відповідно до вказаних вище налаштувань Samba, групі sysadmin буде надано права доступу на читання, запис та виконання файлів ресурсу /srv/samba/share, групі qa буде надано права на читання та виконання, а самі файли належатимуть користувачеві melissa. Введіть у вікні термінала: + + +sudo chown -R melissa /srv/samba/share/ +sudo chgrp -R sysadmin /srv/samba/share/ +sudo setfacl -R -m g:qa:rx /srv/samba/share/ + + + +Наведена вище команда setfacl надає права на виконання всіх файлів у каталозі /srv/samba/share, що може бути бажаним або небажаним результатом. + + +За допомогою клієнтського комп’ютера Windows можна буде переконатися, що до файлів застосовано нові права доступу. Докладніше про ACL у POSIX можна дізнатися зі сторінок довідника (man) acl та setfacl. + + + + +Профіль AppArmor Samba + +Частиною Kubuntu є модуль безпеки AppArmor, який забезпечує роботу обов’язкового керування доступом. У типовий профіль AppArmor для Samba слід внести зміни, що відповідають іншим налаштуванням. Докладніше з AppArmor можна ознайомитися за допомогою відповідноїсторінки вікі + +У типовому комплекті AppArmor передбачено профілі для /usr/sbin/smbd і /usr/sbin/nmbd, виконуваних файлів фонових служб Samba. Ці профілі є частиною пакунка apparmor-profiles. Щоб встановити цей пакунок, віддайте таку команду у вікні термінала: + + +sudo apt-get install apparmor-profiles + + + +У цьому пакунку містяться профілі для декількох інших виконуваних файлів. + + +За типових налаштувань профілі для smbd і nmbd працюють у режимі complain. У такому режимі Samba може працювати без внесення змін до профілю, всі помилки лише записуватимуться до журналу. Щоб перевести профіль smbd у режим enforce так, щоб це не вплинуло на працездатність Samba, слід зазначити у профілі всіх каталоги, які надаються у спільне використання. + +Внесіть зміни до /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd додаванням відомостей до розділу [share] з прикладу для сервера спільного доступу до файлів: + + +/srv/samba/share/ r, +/srv/samba/share/** rwkix, + + +Тепер скопіюйте профіль до enforce і перезавантажте його: + + +sudo aa-enforce /usr/sbin/smbd +cat /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.smbd | sudo apparmor_parser -r + + +Тепер можна читати, записувати та виконувати файли у каталозі спільного використання у звичайному режимі, а виконуваний файл smbd матиме доступ лише до вказаних вами файлів та каталогів. Не забудьте вказати всі каталоги, які має надати у спільне використання Samba. Всі повідомлення про помилки записуватимуться до файла /var/log/syslog. + + + +Ресурси + + + +Докладніше про налаштування Samba можна дізнатися з збірки порад з Samba + + +Крім того, з підручником можна ознайомитися у паперовому форматі. + + +Ще одним чудовим підручником є Використання Samba видавництва O'Reilly. + + +Главу 18 збірки настанов з Samba HOWTO присвячено питанням безпеки. + + +Щоб дізнатися більше про Samba і ACL, ознайомтеся зі сторінкою ACL Samba. + + + + + + +Samba як контролер домену + +Хоча Samba не може працювати у режимі основного контролера домену (Primary Domain Controller або PDC) Active Directory, сервер Samba можна налаштувати на роботу у режимі контролера домену у стилі Windows NT4. Основною перевагою такого налаштування є можливість централізованого керування реєстраційними даними користувачів і комп’ютерів. Крім того, у Samba передбачено можливість використання декількох серверів зберігання відомостей щодо користувачів. + + +Основний контролер домену + +У цьому розділі наведено настанови з налаштування Samba на роботу у режимі основного контролера домену (Primary Domain Controller або PDC) з використанням типового сервера smbpasswd. + + + + +Встановіть Samba і libpam-smbpass для синхронізації даних облікових записів користувачів за допомогою такої команди, відданої у вікні термінала: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Далі, налаштуйте Samba внесенням змін до файла /etc/samba/smb.conf. Режим захисту (security) слід встановити у значення user, а workgroup має відповідати вашій установі: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +У закоментованому розділі Domains додайте такі рядки або вилучіть позначки коментування з рядків: + + +domain logons = yes +logon path = \\%N\%U\profile +logon drive = H: +logon home = \\%N\%U +logon script = logon.cmd +add machine script = sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -N -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u + + + + +domain logons: забезпечує роботу служби netlogon, що надає змогу Samba працювати у режимі контролера домену. + + +logon path: розташовує профіль користувача Windows до домашнього каталогу користувача. Крім того, можна налаштувати спільний ресурс [profiles] для зберігання всіх профілів у одному каталозі. + + +logon drive: визначає локальний шлях до домашнього каталогу. + + +logon home: визначає адресу домашнього каталогу. + + +logon script: визначає скрипт, який буде виконано локально після входу користувача до системи. Скрипт має зберігатися на спільному ресурсі [netlogon]. + + +add machine script: скрипт, який автоматично створюватиме Machine Trust Account (обліковий запис довіри до машини), потрібний для долучення робочої станції до домену. +У нашому прикладі групу machines слід буде створити за допомогою команди addgroup. Докладніше про це у розділі Основи. + + + + +Якщо Roaming Profiles (профілі роумінгу) не буде використано, не вилучайте позначок коментування з рядків logon home і logon path. + + + + + +Вилучіть позначку коментаря з пункту спільного ресурсу [homes], щоб надати серверу змогу створювати каталоги входу до системи: + + +[homes] +comment = Home Directories +browseable = no +read only = no +create mask = 0700 +directory mask = 0700 +valid users = %S + + + + + +Якщо комп’ютер налаштовано на роботу у режимі контролера домену, лід налаштувати спільний ресурс [netlogon]. Щоб увімкнути цей спільний ресурс, вилучіть позначку коментування з рядків: + + +[netlogon] +comment = Network Logon Service +path = /srv/samba/netlogon +guest ok = yes +read only = yes +share modes = no + + + +Початковою адресою спільного ресурсу netlogon є /home/samba/netlogon, але відповідно до стандарту ієрархії файлових систем (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard або FHS), правильним місцем для зберігання специфічних даних, що надаються системою, є /srv. + + + + + +Тепер створіть каталог netlogon і порожній (поки що) файл скрипту logon.cmd: + + +sudo mkdir -p /srv/samba/netlogon +sudo touch /srv/samba/netlogon/logon.cmd + + +У файлі logon.cmd можна вказати будь-які звичайні команди скриптів входу Windows для налаштування клієнтського середовища. + + + + +За умови, що у системі типово вимкнено групу root, щоб долучити робочу станцію до домену, системну групу має бути відображено на групу Windows Domain Admins. Скористаємося програмою net у вікні термінала: + + +sudo net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=sysadmin rid=512 type=d + + + +Змініть sysadmin на потрібну вам групу. Користувач, який долучатиметься до домену, має бути учасником групи sysadmin, а також учасником системної групи admin. Учасникам групи admin можна використовувати команду sudo. + + + + + +Нарешті, перезапустіть Samba, щоб увімкнути новий контролер домену: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Тепер можна долучати клієнтські комп’ютери під керуванням Windows до домену, подібно до того, які ці комп’ютери долучаються до домену NT4 під керуванням сервера Windows. + + + + + + +Резервний контролер домену + +Якщо у мережі є основний контролер домену (Primary Domain Controller або PDC), варто також створити резервний контролер домену (Backup Domain Controller або BDC). Створення такого контролера надасть змогу клієнтським комп’ютерам проходити розпізнавання, якщо PDC виявиться недоступним. + +Для налаштування Samba на роботу у режимі резервного контролера домену слід забезпечити синхронізацію даних щодо облікових записів з основним контролером домену (PDC). Виконати це завдання можна у декілька способів, зокрема з використанням scp, rsync або використанням LDAP у режимі сервера passdb. + +Використання LDAP є найнадійнішим способом синхронізації даних щодо облікових записів, оскільки у такому режимі обидва контролери домену можуть одночасно користуватися даними у режимі реального часу. Втім, налаштування сервера LDAP може виявитися занадто складним завданням, якщо вам потрібно обслуговувати незначну кількість облікових записів користувачів та комп’ютерів. Докладніше про налаштування можна дізнатися зі сторінки Sambaщодо LDAP. + + + + +Спочатку встановіть пакунки samba і libpam-smbpass. У емуляторі термінала віддайте команду: + + +sudo apt-get install samba libpam-smbpass + + + + + +Відкрийте у вікні текстового редактора файл /etc/samba/smb.conf і вилучіть позначку коментаря з таких рядків у розділі [global]: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = user + + + + + +У закоментованому розділі Domains вилучіть позначку коментування з рядків або додайте рядки: + + +domain logons = yes +domain master = no + + + + + +Не забудьте надати користувачеві права на читання файлів у каталозі /var/lib/samba. Наприклад, щоб дозволити користувачам з групи admin виконувати команду scp над файлами, введіть таку команду: + + +sudo chgrp -R admin /var/lib/samba + + + + + +Далі, синхронізуйте облікові записи користувачів за допомогою scp для копіювання каталогу /var/lib/samba з основного контролера домену (PDC): + + +sudo scp -r username@pdc:/var/lib/samba /var/lib + + + +Замініть username на коректне ім’я користувача, а pdc — на назву вузла або IP-адресу основного контролера домену (PDC). + + + + + +Нарешті, перезапустіть samba: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + + + + +Перевірте працездатність резервного контролера домену зупинкою фонової служби Samba на основному контролері домену (PDC) з наступною спробою увійти до клієнтського комп’ютера під керуванням Windows, долученого до домену. + +Якщо було налаштовано параметр logon home на каталог на основному контролері домену, а зв’язок з основним контролером домену буде перервано, доступ до диска користувача Домівка також буде закрито. З цієї причини, найкраще вказувати для logon home каталог на окремому файловому сервері, на якому не працює основний чи резервний контролер домену. + + + + +Ресурси + + + +Докладніше про налаштування Samba можна дізнатися з збірки порад з Samba + + +Крім того, з підручником можна ознайомитися у паперовому форматі. + + +Ще одним чудовим підручником є Використання Samba видавництва O'Reilly. + + +Главу 4 збірки настанов з Samba присвячено налаштуванню основного контролера домену. + + +Главу 5 збірки настанов з Samba присвячено налаштуванню резервного контролера домену. + + + + + + + +Інтеграція Samba зі службами Active Directory + + +Встановлення доступу до спільного ресурсу Samba + +Ще одним з використань Samba є інтеграція до вже створеної мережі Windows. Після долучення до домену Active Directory (AD) Samba може надавати доступ до файлів і принтерів користувачам AD. + +Найпростішим способом долучення до домену AD є використання Likewise-open. Докладніші настанови можна знайти у розділі . + +Після того, як комп’ютер стане частиною домену, введіть таку команду у вікні емулятора термінала: + + +sudo apt-get install samba smbfs smbclient + + +Оскільки у пакунках likewise-open і samba використовуються різні файли secrets.tdb, слід створити символічне посилання у каталозі /var/lib/samba: + + +sudo mv /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb.orig +sudo ln -s /etc/samba/secrets.tdb /var/lib/samba + + +Далі, внесіть зміни до цього фрагмента /etc/samba/smb.conf: + + +workgroup = EXAMPLE +... +security = ads +realm = EXAMPLE.COM +... +idmap backend = lwopen +idmap uid = 50-9999999999 +idmap gid = 50-9999999999 + + +Перезапустіть samba, щоб нові параметри набули чинності: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart + + +Тепер має з’явитися можливість отримувати доступ до будь-яких спільних ресурсів Samba за допомогою клієнтського комп’ютера під керуванням Windows. Втім, не слід забувати, що відповідним користувачам або групам AD слід надати права доступу до каталогу спільного використання. Докладніше про це у розділі . + + + + +Встановлення доступу до спільного ресурсу Windows + +Тепер, коли сервер Samba є частиною домену Active Directory, можна отримати доступ до будь-якого спільного ресурсу сервера Windows: + + + + +Щоб змонтувати спільний файловий ресурс Windows, віддайте таку команду: + +mount.cifs //fs01.example.com/share mount_point + + +Крім того, можна отримувати доступ до спільних ресурсів комп’ютерів, які не є частиною домену AD, але для цього доведеться вказати ім’я користувача і пароль. + + + + +Щоб наказати системі монтувати спільний ресурс під час завантаження, додайте відповідний запис до файла /etc/fstab. Приклад: + + +//192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 + + + + + +Ще одним способом копіювання файлів з сервера Windows є використання програми smbclient. Щоб переглянути список файлів на спільному ресурсі Windows, віддайте таку команду: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "ls" + + + + + +Щоб скопіювати файл зі спільного ресурсу, віддайте таку команду: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "get file.txt" + + +Файл file.txt буде скопійовано до поточного каталогу. + + + + +Щоб скопіювати файл на спільний ресурс, скористайтеся командою: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k -c "put /etc/hosts hosts" + + +Файл /etc/hosts буде скопійовано до //fs01.example.com/share/hosts. + + + + +Використаний вище параметр -c надає змогу виконувати весь кортеж команди smbclient. Подібні команди можуть бути корисними під час створення скриптів або виконання незначних дій з файлами. Щоб увійти до режиму запрошення smb: \>, подібного до режиму FTP, ще можна віддавати звичайні команди керування файлами і каталогами, просто віддайте таку команду у Konsole: + + +smbclient //fs01.example.com/share -k + + + + + + +Замініть всі рядки fs01.example.com/share, //192.168.0.5/share, username=steve,password=secret і file.txt на відповідну IP-адресу сервера, назву вузла, назву спільного ресурсу, назву файла, а також ім’я і пароль користувача, який має доступ до спільного ресурсу. + + + + +Ресурси + +З іншими параметрами команди smbclient можна ознайомитися за допомогою сторінки довідника (man): man smbclient, у якої є інтернет-версія. + +Крім того, корисним джерелом інформації є сторінка man mount.cifs. + + + + + +Likewise Open + +Likewise Open спрощує налаштовування комп’ютера під керуванням Linux на розпізнавання у домені Active Directory. Заснований на winbind, пакунок likewise-open бере на себе завдання з інтеграції системи розпізнавання Kubuntu до вже створеної мережі Windows. + + +Встановлення + +Існує два способи використання Likewise Open: інструмент командного рядка likewise-open і графічна оболонка likewise-open-gui. У цьому розділі ми зосередимо увагу на використанні інструменту командного рядка. + +Що встановити пакунок likewise-open, відкрийте вікно емулятора термінала і введіть таку команду: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open + + +Починаючи з Kubuntu 9.04, Likewise Open 5.0 можна встановити зі сховища Universe. Але оскільки оновлення з версії Likewise Open 4.1 потребує від системи полишення і повторного долучення до домену, було створено окремий пакунок для п’ятої версії. + +Щоб встановити Likewise Open 5.0, віддайте команду: + + +sudo apt-get install likewise-open5 + + + +Якщо ви встановите likewise-open5 без вилучення попередньої версії likewise-open (4.1), програми пакунка буде просто замінено новішими версіями. Після такого встановлення процедуру долучення до домену слід повторити. + + + + +Долучення до домену + +Основним виконуваним файлом пакунка likewise-open є /usr/bin/domainjoin-cli, ця програма використовується для долучення комп’ютера до домену. Перш ніж розпочинати долучення, потрібні: + + + +Доступ для користувача Active Directory з відповідними правами до долучення до домену. + + +Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) домену, до якого долучатиметься комп’ютер. Якщо назва домену AD не є коректною назвою домену у форматі example.com, ймовірно, що назвою є щось подібне до назва_домену.local. + + +DNS для належного налаштування домену. Це особливо актуально у промислових середовищах AD. Для визначення клієнтськими робочими станціями доступності домену Active Directory потрібен належний сервер Microsoft DNS. +Якщо у мережі немає сервера DNS Windows, скористайтеся настановами з розділу . + + + + +Щоб долучитися до домену, у командному рядку введіть таку команду: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli join example.com Administrator + + + +Замініть example.com на належну назву домену, а Administrator на ім’я відповідного користувача. + + +З’явиться запрошення на введення пароля користувача. Якщо пароль буде вказано правильно, у консолі з’явиться повідомлення SUCCESS. + + +Після долучення до домену треба перезавантажити систему, перш ніж повторювати спробу пройти розпізнавання доменом. + + +Після успішного долучення комп’ютера під керуванням Kubuntu до домену Active Directory для розпізнавання можна скористатися реєстраційними даними будь-якого чинного користувача AD. Для входу до системи слід ввести ім’я користувача у форматі «домен\користувач». Наприклад, для встановлення зв’язку ssh з сервером, долученим до домену, введіть: + + +ssh 'example\steve'@hostname + + + +Якщо відбувається налаштування звичайного комп’ютера, у графічному вікні входу до імені користувача слід додати префікс домен\. + + +Щоб налаштувати likewise-open на використання типового домену, слід додати такий рядок до /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf: + + +winbind use default domain = yes + + +Після цього перезапустіть фонові служби likewise-open: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open restart + + + +Після налаштування default domain запис 'domain\' вже не потрібен. Користувачі можуть входити до системи за допомогою лише власного імені користувача. + + +Крім того, для полишення домену можна скористатися програмою domainjoin-cli. Віддайте у терміналі таку команду: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli leave + + + + +Інші допоміжні програми + +До складу пакунка likewise-open включено декілька інших програм, які можуть бути корисними для збирання даних щодо середовища Active Directory. Ці програми призначено для долучення комп’ютера до домену, вони подібні до програм з пакунків samba-common і winbind: + + + +lwinet: повертає відомості щодо мережі і домену. + + +lwimsg: надає змогу взаємодіяти з фоновою службою likewise-winbindd. + + +lwiinfo: показує відомості щодо різноманітних частин домену. + + + +Щоб дізнатися більше, зверніться до сторінок довідника (man) кожної з програм. + + + +Вирішення проблем + + + +Якщо у клієнтського комп’ютера виникають проблеми з долученням до домену, переконайтеся, що DNS Microsoft розташовано першим у списку /etc/resolv.conf. Приклад: + + +nameserver 192.168.0.1 + + + +Щоб отримувати більше даних під час долучення до домену, скористайтеся параметром --loglevel verbose або параметром --advanced командного рядка domainjoin-cli: + + +sudo domainjoin-cli --loglevel verbose join example.com Administrator + + + +Якщо у користувача Active Directory виникають проблеми з входом до системи, повідомлення про помилки можна знайти у файлі /var/log/auth.log. + + +Якщо домену долучається звичайна робоча станція під керуванням Kubuntu, можливо, доведеться внести зміни до файла /etc/nsswitch.conf, якщо у домені AD використано синтаксис .local. Для долучення до домену слід вилучити запис "mdns4" з пункту hosts. Приклад: + + +hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + + +Змініть наведений вище рядок на такий: + + +hosts: files dns [NOTFOUND=return] + + +Після цього перезапустіть роботу мережі такою командою: + + +sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart + + +Тепер можна долучатися до домену Active Directory. + + + + + +DNS Microsoft + +Нижче наведено настанови щодо встановлення DNS на контролері домену Active Directory під керуванням Windows Server 2003, але цими настановами можна скористатися і для інших версії: + + + + + +Скористайтеся пунктом меню StartAdministrative ToolsManage Your Server. У відповідь буде відкрито вікно програми Server Role Management. + +Натисніть кнопку Додати або вилучити роль (Add or remove a role) +Натисніть кнопку Далі (Next) +Виберіть пункт Сервер DNS (DNS Server) +Натисніть кнопку Далі (Next) +Натисніть кнопку Далі (Next) +Позначте пункт Create a forward lookup zone, якщо його ще не позначено. +Натисніть кнопку Далі (Next) +Переконайтеся, що позначено пункт This server maintains the zone (Цей сервер підтримує зону) і натисніть кнопку Next («Далі»). +Введіть назву домену і натисніть кнопку «Далі» +Клацніть поряд з пунктом "Allow only secure dynamic updates" («Дозволити лише безпечні динамічні оновлення») + +Введіть IP-адреси серверів DNS, на які слід спрямовувати запити, або позначте пункт "No, it should not forward queries" («Ні, не слід переспрямовувати запити»), а потім натисніть кнопку Next (Далі). + +Натисніть кнопку Завершити (Finish) +Натисніть кнопку Завершити (Finish) + +Тепер DNS встановлено. Подальше налаштування можна виконати за допомогою програмиMicrosoft Management Console DNS. + + +Далі, налаштуйте сервер на використання самого себе для обслуговування DNS-запитів: +Натисніть кнопку Пуск (Start) +Панель керування +Мережеві з'єднання +Клацніть правою кнопкою на "Local Area Connection" («Локальне з’єднання») +Натисніть кнопку Властивості +Двічі клацніть на позначці «Інтернет-протокол (TCP/IP)» +Вкажіть IP-адресу сервера у полі «Основний сервер DNS» ("Preferred DNS server") +Натисніть кнопку Гаразд. +Натисніть кнопку Гаразд ще раз, щоб зберегти внесені вами зміни + + + + + +Посилання + +Подальші відомості можна знайти на домашній сторінці Likewise. + +Відомості щодо інших параметрів domainjoin-cli можна знайти на сторінці man: man domainjoin-cli. + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/de/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/de/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/de/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/de/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,444 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Hilfe zu <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> bekommen +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument beschreibt, wie Sie zusätzliche Hilfe für Ihr Kubuntu Desktop System erhalten können. + + + + +Hilfe zu Anwendungen + +Die einfachste Weg Hilfe zu einer Anwendung zu finden, ist das Handbuch zu lesen, welches erreichbar ist über das Hilfe Menü in der Werkzeugleiste der Anwendung. +KDE bietet ausserdem eine zusätzliche Dokumentation zur gesamten mitgelieferten Software. Diese Dokumentation kann über die Website abgerufen werden und auf einem Kubuntusystem ist sie im KHelpCenter präsent. + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym>-Hilfezentrum + +Das KDE-Hilfesystem auch bekannt als KHelpCenter ist bei Kubuntu enthalten. Um das KHelpCenter zu erreichen, gehen Sie über Kickoff-Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeHilfe. Von hier können Sie die man Seiten des Systems, die Systemdokumentation von die von den Kubuntu und KDE Dokumentationsteams erstellt wurden, durchsuchen. Die Hauptseite ist in ein einfaches Menülayout, welches Zugriff auf die benötigte Hilfe bietet. + + + +Online-Hilfe + +Es gibt viele Onlineresourcen um Hilfe zu Kubuntu zu finden. Neben den folgenden, wird eine einfache Google Suche normalerweise schon eine große Menge Hilfe liefern. Mit all diesen Möglichkeiten, ist es eine gute Idee gründlich zu suchen statt sofort die erste Anregung, die man gefunden hat, auszuprobieren. +Für weitere Information, besuchen Sie die Wie Hilfe erhalten Wiki-Seite. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/es/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/es/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/es/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/es/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Conseguir soporte para <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este docuemnto explica cómo obtener ayuda extra con el sistema de escritorio Kubuntu. + + + + +Ayuda de la aplicación + +La manera más sencilla de buscar ayuda sobre una aplicación es leer su manual, el cual es accesible desde el menú, Ayuda en la barra de herramientas de la aplicación. +KDE también ofrece documentación extra sobre todos los programas que trae. esta documentación está accesible a través de su sitio web y está presente en un sistema Kubuntu en KHelpCenter. + + + +Centro de ayuda <acronym>KDE</acronym> + +El sistema de ayuda de KDE conocido como KHelpCenter se incñuye con Kubuntu. Para acceder a KHelpCenter, vaya a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesAyuda. Desde allí, busque en las páginas de manual del sistema o en la documentación del sistema creada por los documentadores de Kubuntu y KDE. La página principal es un sencillo menú que proporciona acceso a la ayuda necesitada. + + + +Ayuda en línea + +Hay muchos recursos en línea para buscar ayuda con Kubuntu. Además de los siguientes, una simple búsqueda en Google suele producir una cantidad decente de ayuda. Con cualquiera de estos recursos, es una buena idea buscar a fondo en lugar de aplicar la primera sugerencia descubierta. + +El sitio web de documentación de Ubuntu contiene versiones HTML y PDF de esta guía y otras guías produicidas por el Equipo de documentación de Ubuntu para Ubuntu y Kubuntu. + + +Wiki de documentación de la comunidad Ubuntu - este contiene muchas otras mantenidas por la comunidad. + + +Foros de la comunidad de Kubuntu y Ubuntu - para preguntar y conseguir respuestas del foro de la comunidad. + + +La mayoría de los programas en Kubuntu los proporciona KDE, así que es útil pedir ayuda en los foros de KDE + + +La Lista de correo de usuarios de Kubuntu proporciona una manera de preguntar por correo y recibir respuestas de la comunidad. + + +Charla IRC: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - charle en tiempo real con la comunidad Kubuntu. + + +Página de inicio de Kubuntu - Consiga las últimas noticias sobre Kubuntu. + + +Para más información, visite la página del wiki (en inglés) Cómo conseguir ayuda + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/et/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/et/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/et/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/et/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,485 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> tugi. +&legalnotice; + +See dokument selgitab seda, kuidas saada lisaabi Kubuntu töölauasüsteemi kohta. + + + + +Rakenduse abi + +Lihtsaim viis abi leidmiseks on lugeda rakenduse käsiraamatut, mis on kättesaadaval Abimenüüs rakenduse tööriistaribal. +KDE also offers extra documentation on all the software shipped with it. This documentation can be accessed through their website and is also present on a Kubuntu system in KHelpCenter. + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> Help Center + +The KDE abisüsteem KHelpCenter onKubuntuga koheselt kaasas. KHelpCenterisse pääsemiseks mine Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedAbi. Sealt saad otsida süsteemi peamiseid lehti või süsteemi dokumentatsiooni, mis on loodud Kubuntu ja KDE dokumenteerijate poolt. Pealeht on lihtne menüü, mis sisaldab vajalikku abi. + + + +Veebipõhine abi + + +There are many online resources for finding help with Kubuntu. Besides the +following, a simple Google search will usually yield a +decent amount of help. With any of these resources, it's a good idea to search +thoroughly rather than implementing the first suggestion discovered. + + + +The Ubuntu Documentation Website +contains HTML and PDF versions of this guide, and other guides produced by the +Ubuntu Documentation Team for Ubuntu and Kubuntu. + + + + +Ubuntu Community Documentation +Wiki - this contains many other community maintained guides. + + + + +Kubuntu and Ubuntu Community Forums - for asking +questions and getting answers from the forum community. + + + +Paljud tarkvarad Kubuntus on varustatud KDE poolt, seega on kasulik küsida abi KDE foorumitest + + + +Kubuntu User's Mailing List provides a way +to ask questions by email, and receive answers from the mailing list community. + + + +IRC kiirvestlus: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - reaalajas kiirvestlus Kubuntu kogukonnaga. + + +Kubuntu kodulehekülg - uudised Kubuntu kohta. + + + +Lisainformatsiooni saamiseks külastage wiki-lehte Kuidas saada abi. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/fr/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/fr/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/fr/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/fr/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,515 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Getting Support for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to obtain extra help with a +Kubuntu desktop system. + + + + + +Aide sur les applications + + +The easiest way to find help about an application is to read its handbook, which +is accessible from the Help menu in the application's +toolbar. + + +KDE also offers extra documentation on all the software +shipped with it. This documentation can be accessed through their website and is also present on +a Kubuntu system in KHelpCenter. + + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> Help Center + + +The KDE help system known as +KHelpCenter is included with Kubuntu. To +access KHelpCenter, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsHelp. From there, +search within the system's man pages or within the system documentation created +by the Kubuntu and KDE documenters. The main page is a +simple menu layout that provides access to the needed help. + + + + +Aide en ligne + + +There are many online resources for finding help with Kubuntu. Besides the +following, a simple Google search will usually yield a +decent amount of help. With any of these resources, it's a good idea to search +thoroughly rather than implementing the first suggestion discovered. + + + +The Ubuntu Documentation Website +contains HTML and PDF versions of this guide, and other guides produced by the +Ubuntu Documentation Team for Ubuntu and Kubuntu. + + + + +Ubuntu Community Documentation +Wiki - this contains many other community maintained guides. + + + + +Kubuntu and Ubuntu Community Forums - for asking +questions and getting answers from the forum community. + + + + +Much software in Kubuntu is provided by KDE, so it is useful +to ask for help on KDE forums + + + + +Kubuntu User's Mailing List provides a way +to ask questions by email, and receive answers from the mailing list community. + + + + +IRC chat: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - chat in realtime with the +Kubuntu community. + + + + +Kubuntu Homepage - Get the latest news +about Kubuntu. + + + + + +For more information, visit the How +to Get Help wiki page. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/gl/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/gl/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/gl/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/gl/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Conseguir asistencia para <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento explica como obter axuda extra cun sistema de escritorio Kubuntu. + + + + +Axuda dos aplicativos + +A forma máis sinxela de buscar axuda sobre un aplicativo é ler o seu manual, o cal é accesíbel dende o menú, Axuda na barra de ferramentas do aplicativo. +KDE tamén ofrece documentación extra sobre todos os aplicativos que trae. Esta documentación está accesíbel a través do seu sitio web e está presente nun sistema Kubuntu en KHelpCenter. + + + +Centro de axuda <acronym>KDE</acronym> + +O sistema de axuda de KDE coñecido como KHelpCenter engádese con Kubuntu. Para acceder a KHelpCenter, vaia a Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosAxuda. Dende alí, busque nas páxinas do manual do sistema ou na documentación do sistema creada polos documentadores de Kubuntu e KDE. A páxina principal é un sinxelo menú que proporciona acceso á axuda necesitada. + + + +Axuda en liña + +Hai moitos recursos en liña para buscar axuda con Kubuntu. Ademais dos seguintes, unha simple busca en Google soe producir unha cantidade decente de axuda. Con calquera de estes recursos, é unha boa idea buscar a fondo en lugar de aplicar a primeira suxestión descuberta. + +O sitio web da documentación de Ubuntu contén versións HTML e PDF desta guía e outras guías producidas polo equipo de documentación de Ubuntu para Ubuntu e Kubuntu. + + +Wiki da documentación da comunidade Ubuntu - este contén moitas outras mantidas pola comunidade. + + +Foros da comunidade de Kubuntu e Ubuntu - para preguntar e conseguir respostas do foro da comunidade. + + +A maioría dos aplicativos en Kubuntu proporciónaos KDE, así que é útil pedir axuda nos foros de KDE + + +A lista de correo de usuarios de Kubuntu proporciona unha maneira de preguntar por correo e recibir respostas da comunidade. + + +Conversa IRC: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - converse en tempo real coa comunidade Kubuntu. + + +Páxina de inicio de Kubuntu - Consiga as últimas novas sobre Kubuntu. + + +Para máis información, visite a páxina wiki Como obter axuda. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/it/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/it/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/it/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/it/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Ottenere assistenza per <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento spiega come ottenere aiuto supplementare con un sistema desktop Kubuntu. + + + + +Aiuto dell'applicazione + +Il modo più rapido per trovare aiuto su un'applicazione è leggere il suo manuale, consultabile dal menu Aiuto nella barra degli strumenti dell'applicazione. +KDE offre anche ulteriore documentazione su tutto il software che lo accompagna. Questa documentazione può essere consultata nel loro sito web e si trova anche in Kubuntu all'interno della Guida di KDE. + + + +La Guida di <acronym>KDE</acronym> + +Il sistema di aiuto di KDE è conosciuto come Guida di KDE ed è incluso in Kubuntu. Per accedere alla Guida di KDE, andate in Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniAiuto. Da qui, potete eseguire ricerche nelle pagine man del sistema oppure nella documentazione creata dai redattori di Kubuntu e KDE. La pagina principale è un semplice menu di accesso all'indice della guida. + + + +Aiuto in linea + +In Internet ci sono molte risorse di aiuto per Kubuntu. A parte ciò che segue, una semplice ricerca su Google restituisce di solito una buona dose di aiuto. Con tutte queste risorse, è buona regola approfondire e ampliare la ricerca piuttosto che accettare il primo suggerimento trovato. + +Il sito web della Documentazione di Ubuntu contiene le versioni HTML e PDF di questa ed altre guide prodotte dal Gruppo di documentazione di Ubuntu e Kubuntu (Sito web della Documentazione in Italiano). + + +Wiki della Documentazione della comunità di Ubuntu - qui sono presenti molte altre guide curate dalla comunità (Wiki della Documentazione in Italiano). + + +Forum della comunità di Kubuntu e Ubuntu - Per inoltrare domande e ottenere risposte dalla comunità dei forum (Forum della comunità italiana di Ubuntu). + + +Molto software di Kubuntu è fornito da KDE, è dunque utile domandare aiuto nei forum di KDE (forum di KDE-Italia) + + +La mailing list degli utenti di Kubuntu fornisce un'alternativa per formulare domande e ottenere risposte dal gruppo della mailing list. + + +Chat IRC: irc.ubuntu.com canale #kubuntu - Conversate in chat tempo reale con la comunità di Kubuntu (canale italiano #kubuntu-it). + + +Pagina web di Kubuntu - Per leggere le ultime notizie su Kubuntu. + + +Per ulteriori informazioni, visitate la pagina wiki Come ricevere aiuto. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/ja/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/ja/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/ja/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/ja/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,444 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> のサポートを受ける +&legalnotice; + +このドキュメントでは Kubuntu デスクトップシステムでのヘルプの取得方法について説明します。 + + + + +アプリケーションヘルプ + +アプリケーションのヘルプを見つける最も簡単な方法は、アプリケーションのツールバーのヘルプメニューからアクセスできる説明書を読むことです。 +KDE はそれ以外にも同梱されたすべてのソフトウェアについてのドキュメンテーションを提供しています。このドキュメンテーションは KDE のウェブサイトからアクセス可能ですし、Kubuntu システムの K ヘルプセンターにも含まれています。 + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> ヘルプセンター + +KDE ヘルプシステムは Kubuntu では K ヘルプセンターと呼ばれています。K ヘルプセンターは Kickoff アプリケーションランチャーアプリケーションヘルプ から開くことが出来ます。そこからシステムのマニュアルページや Kubuntu および KDE のドキュメント執筆家によって作成されたシステムドキュメントを調べてください。メインページはシンプルなページレイアウトで必要なヘルプに簡単にたどり着くことが出来ます。 + + + +オンラインヘルプ + +Kubuntu のヘルプについてはオンライン上にいくつもの情報源があります。以下に挙げるもの他にも、Google 検索だけで通常は結構な量のヘルプを得ることが出来ます。どのような情報源についても言えることですが、最初に見つけた提案を実行するよりも、とことん調べ倒す方がかえって良いことがあります。 +詳細は、ヘルプの入手方法 wiki ページを参照してください。 + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/km/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/km/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/km/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/km/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ទទួល​យក​ការ​គាំ​ទ្រ​សម្រាប់​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​នឹង​ពន្យល់​អំពី​របៀប​ទទួល​បាន​ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ផ្ទៃ​តុ​គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + +ម៉ន ម៉ែត, សេង សុត្ថាខឹម សុខែម + + +ជំនួយ​របស់​កម្មវិធី + +វីធីសាស្ត្រ​ដែល​ងាយ​ស្រួល​បំផុត​ក្នុង​ការ​រក​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ គឺ​ត្រូវ​អាន​សៀវភៅ​ដៃ ដែល​អាច​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ពី​ម៉ឺនុយ ជំនួយ​ នៅ​ក្នុង​របារ​ឧបករណ៍​របស់​កម្មវិធី ។ +KDE ក៏​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ឯកសារ​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​អស់​ដែល​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​ផង​ដែរ​ ។ អាច​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ឯកសារ​នេះ​បាន​ តាម​រយៈ​ តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ របស់​វា និង​ក៏​អាច​មាន​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ក្នុង​KHelpCenter ផង​ដែរ ។ + + + +មជ្ឈមណ្ឌល​ជំនួយ​ <acronym>KDE</acronym> + +ប្រព័ន្ធ​ជំនួយ​ KDE ​ស្គាល់​ថា​ជា​ KHelpCenter ត្រូវ​​រួម​បញ្ចូល​ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ ដើម្បី​​ចូល​ដំណើរ​ការ​ KHelpCenter ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​ ។ ​ពីត្រង់​នោះ​ ស្វែង​រក​​ក្នុង​ទំព័រ​មេរបស់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ឬ​​ក្នុង​ឯកសារ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ដែលបង្កើត​ដោយ​អ្នក​សរសេរ​ឯកសាររបស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ និង​ KDE ។ ទំព័រ​មេ​គឺ​ជា​ប្លង់​ម៉ឺនុយ​ធម្មតា​ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការ​ចូល​ប្រើ​ទៅ​កាន់​ជំនួយ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​ការ ។ + + + +ជំនួយ​លើ​បណ្តាញ + +មាន​ធន​ធាន​ជា​ច្រើន​លើ​បណ្តាញ​សម្រាប់​ស្វែង​រក​ជំនួយ​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ ក្រៅ​ពី​ធន​ធាន​ខា​ងក្រោម ការ​ស្វែង​រក​ធម្មតា​តាម​ ហ្គូហ្គល ជា​ទូទៅ​នឹង​ផ្តល់នូវ​លទ្ធផល​ជំនួយ​ច្រើន​គួរសម​ ។ ជាមួយ​ធន​ធាន​ណា​មួយ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​ធន​ធាន​ទាំង​នេះ យក​ល្អ​គួរ​តែ​ស្វែង​រក​ទាំងមូល​​ ប្រសើរ​ជាង​អនុវត្តការ​ស្នើសុំ​ដំបូង​ដែល​​បាន​​រក​ឃើញ ។​ + +តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ឯកសារ​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ មាន​កំណែ​ HTML និង​ PDF របស់​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​នេះ និង​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​បង្កើត​ដោយ​ក្រុម​សរសេរ​ឯកសារ​អ៊ូប៊ុន​ទូ​ សម្រាប់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ និង​គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + +វីគី​សម្រាប់​ឯកសារ​សហគមន៍​អ៊ូប៊ុន​ទូ - វា​មាន​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ថែទាំ​ដោយ​សហគមន៍​ដ៏ទៃ​ទៀត​ជា​ច្រើន​​ ។ + + +វេទិកា​សហគមន៍គូប៊ុនទូ និង​ អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ - សម្រាប់​សួរសំណួរ និង​ទទួល​បាន​ចម្លើយ​ពី​វេទិកា​របស់​សហគមន៍ ។ + + +កម្មវិធី​ជា​ច្រើន​នៅ​ក្នុង​គូប៊ុនទូត្រូវ​បាន​ផ្តល់​ដោយ​ KDE ដូច្នេះ​វា​មាន​សារៈ​ប្រយោជន៍​ណាស់​ក្នុង​ការ​សួរ​រក​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​វេទិកា KDE + + +បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​របស់​អ្នក​ប្រើ​គូប៊ុនទូ ផ្តល់​នូវ​វិធីសាស្ត្រ​ សម្រាប់សួរ​សំណួរតាម​រយៈ​អ៊ីមែល និង​ទទួល​ចម្លើយ​ពី​បញ្ជី​សំបុត្រ​រួម​របស់​សហគមន៍ ។ + + +ការ​ជជែក​កំសាន្ត​តាម IRC ៖ irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - ជជែក​កំសាន្ត​នៅ​ក្នុង​ realtime ជា​មួយ​សហគមន៍​របស់​គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + +គេហ​ទំព័រ​គូប៊ុនទូ - ទទួល​យក​ព័ត៌មាន​ចុង​ក្រោយ​អំពី គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ សូម​ទស្សនា​ទំព័រ​វីគី របៀប​ទទួល​ជំនួយ ។ + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/oc/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/oc/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/oc/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/oc/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,512 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Obténer d'ajuda sus <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to obtain extra help with a +Kubuntu desktop system. + + + + + +Ajuda sus las aplicacions + + +The easiest way to find help about an application is to read its handbook, which +is accessible from the Help menu in the application's +toolbar. + + +KDE also offers extra documentation on all the software +shipped with it. This documentation can be accessed through their website and is also present on +a Kubuntu system in KHelpCenter. + + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> Help Center + + +The KDE help system known as +KHelpCenter is included with Kubuntu. To +access KHelpCenter, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsHelp. From there, +search within the system's man pages or within the system documentation created +by the Kubuntu and KDE documenters. The main page is a +simple menu layout that provides access to the needed help. + + + + +Ajuda en linha + + +There are many online resources for finding help with Kubuntu. Besides the +following, a simple Google search will usually yield a +decent amount of help. With any of these resources, it's a good idea to search +thoroughly rather than implementing the first suggestion discovered. + + + +The Ubuntu Documentation Website +contains HTML and PDF versions of this guide, and other guides produced by the +Ubuntu Documentation Team for Ubuntu and Kubuntu. + + + + +Ubuntu Community Documentation +Wiki - this contains many other community maintained guides. + + + + +Kubuntu and Ubuntu Community Forums - for asking +questions and getting answers from the forum community. + + + + +Much software in Kubuntu is provided by KDE, so it is useful +to ask for help on KDE forums + + + + +Kubuntu User's Mailing List provides a way +to ask questions by email, and receive answers from the mailing list community. + + + + +IRC chat: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - chat in realtime with the +Kubuntu community. + + + + +Kubuntu Homepage - Get the latest news +about Kubuntu. + + + + +Per mai d'entresenhas visitatz lo wiki occitan, o en anglés How to Get Help. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/pt_BR/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/pt_BR/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/pt_BR/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/pt_BR/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Obtendo suporte para <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Esse documento explica como obter ajuda extra com o sistema desktop Kubuntu + + + + +Ajuda do Aplicativo + +A melhor maneira de encontrar ajuda sobre um aplicativo é ler o seu Guia de Ajuda, que é acessível através do menu Ajuda na barra de ferramentas do aplicativo +KDE também oferece documentação extra para todos os programas disponibilizados com ele. Essa documentação pode ser acessada no seu website e também está presente no Kubuntu no aplicativo KHelpCenter. + + + +Centro de Ajuda do <acronym>KDE</acronym> + +O sistema de ajuda do KDE, conhecido como KHelpCenter está incluído no Kubuntu. Para acessar o KHelpCenter, vá em Kickoff Application LauncherAplicativosAjuda.A partir daí, procure dentro das páginas de manual do sistema ou dentro da documentação criada pela equipe do Kubuntu e do KDE . Essa página principal é um simples menu que provê o acesso para as páginas desejadas. + + + +Ajuda on-line + +Existem muitos outros recursos para encontrar ajuda no Kubuntu. Na maioria das vezes, uma simples busca no Google irá produzir uma boa quantidade de páginas de ajuda. Com qualquer um destes recursos, é uma boa idéia procurar exaustivamente antes de dar uma sugestão. + +A página de Documentação do Ubuntu contém versões em HTML e PDF deste e outros guias produzidos pela Equipe de Documentação do Ubuntu para o Ubuntu e para o Kubutnu. + + +Wiki de Documentação da Comunidade do Ubuntu - contém muitos outros guias mantidos pela comunidade. + + +Kubuntu eUbuntu Fóruns da Comunidade - para fazer perguntas e obter respostas do fórum da comunidade. + + +A maior parte do software do Kubuntu é provida pelo KDE, logo, também pode ser útil pedir ajuda no fórum do KDE + + +Lista de E-Mails dos Usuários do Kubuntu é um modo de fazer perguntas e receber respostas por e-mail na lista de e-mails da comunidade. + + +Chat IRC: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - bate-papo em tempo real com a comunidade do Kubuntu. + + +Página do Kubuntu - Veja as novidades do Kubuntu. + + +Para mais informações, visite a página wiki Como Obter Ajuda. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/ru/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/ru/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/ru/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/ru/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,505 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Получение поддержки для <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ объясняет, как получить дополнительную помощь по ОС Kubuntu. + + + + +Application Help + + +The easiest way to find help about an application is to read its handbook, which +is accessible from the Help menu in the application's +toolbar. + + +KDE also offers extra documentation on all the software +shipped with it. This documentation can be accessed through their website and is also present on +a Kubuntu system in KHelpCenter. + + + + +Центр помощи по <acronym>KDE</acronym> + + +The KDE help system known as +KHelpCenter is included with Kubuntu. To +access KHelpCenter, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsHelp. From there, +search within the system's man pages or within the system documentation created +by the Kubuntu and KDE documenters. The main page is a +simple menu layout that provides access to the needed help. + + + + +Online Help + + +There are many online resources for finding help with Kubuntu. Besides the +following, a simple Google search will usually yield a +decent amount of help. With any of these resources, it's a good idea to search +thoroughly rather than implementing the first suggestion discovered. + + +Сайт документации Ubuntu содержит HTML и PDF версии этого руководства, а также другие руководства, созданные командой документации Ubuntu для Ubuntu и Kubuntu. + + + +Ubuntu Community Documentation +Wiki - this contains many other community maintained guides. + + + + +Kubuntu and Ubuntu Community Forums - for asking +questions and getting answers from the forum community. + + + + +Much software in Kubuntu is provided by KDE, so it is useful +to ask for help on KDE forums + + + + +Kubuntu User's Mailing List provides a way +to ask questions by email, and receive answers from the mailing list community. + + + + +IRC chat: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - chat in realtime with the +Kubuntu community. + + + +Домашняя страница Kubuntu - Получение последних новостей об Kubuntu. + + + + +For more information, visit the How +to Get Help wiki page. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sk/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sk/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sk/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sk/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Získanie podpory pre <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Tento dokument popisuje ako získať extra podporu pre Kubuntu. + + + + +Pomocník aplikácií + +Najjednoduchším spôsobom ako získať pomoc s aplikáciou, je prečítať si jej príručku, ktorá je dostupná cez menu Pomocník v paneli aplikácie. +KDE tiež ponúka extra dokumentáciu o softvéri dodávanom s ním. Táto dokumentácia je dostupná na ich web stránke ako aj v Kubuntu KHelpCenter. + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> centrum pomoci + +Pomocník KDE známi ako KHelpCenter je časťou Kubuntu. Pre prístup ku KHelpCenter, kliknite na spúšťač aplikácií KickoffAplikáciePomocník. Odtiaľ môžete hľadať v systémových manuálových stránkach alebo v systémovej dokumentácii vytvorenej Kubuntu a KDE dokumentaristami. Hlavná stánka obsahuje jednoduché menu, ktoré umožňuje prístup k potrebnej pomoci. + + + +Pomoc online + +Je mnoho online zdrojov kde môžete získať pomoc s Kubuntu. Okrem nasledujúcich, aj vyhľadávanie prostredníctvom Google obyčajne zobrazí veľké množstvo informácií. Pri použití akéhokoľvek zdroja, je obyčajne lepší nápad hľadať dôkladne, než sa uspokojiť s prvým možným riešením. + +Dokumentačné stránky Ubuntu obsahujú HTML a PDF verzie tohoto pomocníka a inépríručky vytvorené dokumentačným tímom Ubuntu pre Ubuntu a Kubuntu. + + +Komunitná webová stránka Ubuntu wiki - obsahuje mnoho ďalších komunitou udržiavaných príručiek. + + +Komunitné fóra Kubuntu, Ubuntu a slovenské fórum pre Kubuntu - pre pýtanie sa otázok a získavanie odpovedí z komunity. + + +Množstvo softvéru v Kubuntu poskytuje KDE, takže je možné nájsť pomoc aj na KDE fóre + + +Poštová konferencia používateľov Kubuntu poskytuje možnosť opýtať sa otázky prostredníctvom emailu a získavanie odpovedí od ostatných členov konferencie. + + +IRC rozhovor: irc.ubuntu.com kanál #kubuntu - rozhovor v angličtine v reálnom čase s členmi komunity Kubuntu, prípadne kanál #ubuntu-cz pre rozhovor v slovenčine a češtine. + + +Domáca stránka Kubuntu - najnovšie informácie o Kubuntu v angličtine. Oficiálna stránka Kubuntu v slovenčine + + +Pre viac informácií kde získať pomoc, navštívte wiki stránku Ako získať pomoc. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sl/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sl/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sl/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sl/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,515 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Getting Support for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to obtain extra help with a +Kubuntu desktop system. + + + + + +Application Help + + +The easiest way to find help about an application is to read its handbook, which +is accessible from the Help menu in the application's +toolbar. + + +KDE also offers extra documentation on all the software +shipped with it. This documentation can be accessed through their website and is also present on +a Kubuntu system in KHelpCenter. + + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> Help Center + + +The KDE help system known as +KHelpCenter is included with Kubuntu. To +access KHelpCenter, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsHelp. From there, +search within the system's man pages or within the system documentation created +by the Kubuntu and KDE documenters. The main page is a +simple menu layout that provides access to the needed help. + + + + +Online Help + + +There are many online resources for finding help with Kubuntu. Besides the +following, a simple Google search will usually yield a +decent amount of help. With any of these resources, it's a good idea to search +thoroughly rather than implementing the first suggestion discovered. + + + +The Ubuntu Documentation Website +contains HTML and PDF versions of this guide, and other guides produced by the +Ubuntu Documentation Team for Ubuntu and Kubuntu. + + + + +Ubuntu Community Documentation +Wiki - this contains many other community maintained guides. + + + + +Kubuntu and Ubuntu Community Forums - for asking +questions and getting answers from the forum community. + + + + +Much software in Kubuntu is provided by KDE, so it is useful +to ask for help on KDE forums + + + + +Kubuntu User's Mailing List provides a way +to ask questions by email, and receive answers from the mailing list community. + + + + +IRC chat: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - chat in realtime with the +Kubuntu community. + + + + +Kubuntu Homepage - Get the latest news +about Kubuntu. + + + + + +For more information, visit the How +to Get Help wiki page. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sr/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sr/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sr/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sr/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,515 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Getting Support for <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to obtain extra help with a +Kubuntu desktop system. + + + + + +Application Help + + +The easiest way to find help about an application is to read its handbook, which +is accessible from the Help menu in the application's +toolbar. + + +KDE also offers extra documentation on all the software +shipped with it. This documentation can be accessed through their website and is also present on +a Kubuntu system in KHelpCenter. + + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> Help Center + + +The KDE help system known as +KHelpCenter is included with Kubuntu. To +access KHelpCenter, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsHelp. From there, +search within the system's man pages or within the system documentation created +by the Kubuntu and KDE documenters. The main page is a +simple menu layout that provides access to the needed help. + + + + +Online Help + + +There are many online resources for finding help with Kubuntu. Besides the +following, a simple Google search will usually yield a +decent amount of help. With any of these resources, it's a good idea to search +thoroughly rather than implementing the first suggestion discovered. + + + +The Ubuntu Documentation Website +contains HTML and PDF versions of this guide, and other guides produced by the +Ubuntu Documentation Team for Ubuntu and Kubuntu. + + + + +Ubuntu Community Documentation +Wiki - this contains many other community maintained guides. + + + + +Kubuntu and Ubuntu Community Forums - for asking +questions and getting answers from the forum community. + + + + +Much software in Kubuntu is provided by KDE, so it is useful +to ask for help on KDE forums + + + + +Kubuntu User's Mailing List provides a way +to ask questions by email, and receive answers from the mailing list community. + + + + +IRC chat: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - chat in realtime with the +Kubuntu community. + + + + +Kubuntu Homepage - Get the latest news +about Kubuntu. + + + + + +For more information, visit the How +to Get Help wiki page. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sv/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sv/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/sv/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/sv/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,512 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Få support för <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document explains how to obtain extra help with a +Kubuntu desktop system. + + + + + +Hjälp med program + + +The easiest way to find help about an application is to read its handbook, which +is accessible from the Help menu in the application's +toolbar. + + +KDE also offers extra documentation on all the software +shipped with it. This documentation can be accessed through their website and is also present on +a Kubuntu system in KHelpCenter. + + + + +<acronym>KDE</acronym> Help Center + + +The KDE help system known as +KHelpCenter is included with Kubuntu. To +access KHelpCenter, go to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsHelp. From there, +search within the system's man pages or within the system documentation created +by the Kubuntu and KDE documenters. The main page is a +simple menu layout that provides access to the needed help. + + + + +Hjälp på nätet + + +There are many online resources for finding help with Kubuntu. Besides the +following, a simple Google search will usually yield a +decent amount of help. With any of these resources, it's a good idea to search +thoroughly rather than implementing the first suggestion discovered. + + + +The Ubuntu Documentation Website +contains HTML and PDF versions of this guide, and other guides produced by the +Ubuntu Documentation Team for Ubuntu and Kubuntu. + + + + +Ubuntu Community Documentation +Wiki - this contains many other community maintained guides. + + + + +Kubuntu and Ubuntu Community Forums - for asking +questions and getting answers from the forum community. + + + + +Much software in Kubuntu is provided by KDE, so it is useful +to ask for help on KDE forums + + + + +Kubuntu User's Mailing List provides a way +to ask questions by email, and receive answers from the mailing list community. + + + + +IRC chat: irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu - chat in realtime with the +Kubuntu community. + + + + +Kubuntu Homepage - Get the latest news +about Kubuntu. + + + + +För mer information, besök wiki-sidan hos Ubuntu Sverige. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/uk/support.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/uk/support.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/support/uk/support.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/support/uk/support.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Підтримка і супровід <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Цей документ присвячено способам отримання довідкової інформації щодо стільничної системи Kubuntu. + + + + +Довідка програм + +Найпростішим способом отримання довідкової інформації щодо програми є читання підручника з цієї програми. Відкрити вікно підручника можна за допомогою відповідного пункту меню Довідка головного вікна програми. +Крім того, KDE надає додаткову документацію щодо всього програмного забезпечення, що постачається разом з середовищем. Доступ до цієї документації можна отримати на відповідному веб-сайті, а також за допомогою програми Центр довідки. + + + +Центр довідки <acronym>KDE</acronym> + +Частиною Kubuntu є система довідки KDE, яка називається Центр довідки. Вікно Центру довідки можна відкрити за допомогою пункту меню засобу запуску програм KickoffПрограмиДовідка. За допомогою Центру довідки ви зможете виконувати пошук на сторінках довідки (man) системи або документації, створеної командами з документування Kubuntu і KDE. Головна сторінка програми має дуже просте компонування, за допомогою якого ви зможете легко обрати потрібну вам частину довідкової інформації. + + + +Інтернет-довідка + +Існує багато сторінок, на яких можна знайти корисну інформацію щодо Kubuntu. Відповідні сторінки можна знайти за допомогою пошуку у Google. Як і завжди, варто ознайомитися з якомога більшим об’ємом інформації, а не намагатися скористатися першою ж порадою, яку ви знайдете у Інтернеті. + +На веб-сайті документації Ubuntu зберігаються версії цього підручника у форматах HTML і PDF, а також інші підручники, створені командою з документування Ubuntu та Kubuntu. + + +На сайті Вікі документації спільноти Ubuntu ви знайдете інші створені спільнотою дистрибутива підручники. + + +На форумах спільноти Kubuntu і Ubuntu ви можете задати питання та отримати відповіді від учасників форуму. + + +Більшу частину програмного забезпечення Kubuntu створено командою KDE, отже ви можете отримати довідкову інформацію на форумах KDE. + + +У списку листування користувачів Kubuntu ви можете задати питання електронною поштою і отримати відповіді від учасників списку листування. + + +Балачка IRC: irc.ubuntu.com канал #kubuntu — тут ви можете поспілкуватися у режимі реального часу зі спільнотою Kubuntu. + + +За допомогою домашньої сторінки Kubuntu можна дізнатися останні новини щодо Kubuntu. + + +Щоб дізнатися більше, відвідайте сторінку вікі Як отримати довідкову інформацію. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/de/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/de/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/de/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/de/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editieren und Abspielen von Videos unter <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument behandelt die Wiedergabe und Bearbeitung von Videos unter Kubuntu + + + + +Einleitung +Kubuntu verfügt standardmäßig über den Videoplayer Dragon Player. Es handelt sich um einen einfachen und leichtgewichtigen Videoplayer, der fast jede Videodatei abspielen kann (vorausgesetzt alle benötigten Codecs sind installiert). Zur Videobearbeitung ist das nichtlineare Videobearbeitungsprogramm Kino das bevorzugte Mittel der Wahl. Kino ist in der Standardinstallation von Kubuntu nicht enthalten, kann jedoch leicht mit der Paketverwaltung (KPackageKit) nachinstalliert werden. + + + +Laufende Videos +Unter Kubuntu können Sie Dragon Player nutzen, um Video- und Audiodateien abzuspielen. Um Videodateien abzuspielen: + + +Öffnen von Dateien aus dem Dateimanager +Öffnen des Dateimanagers Dolphin. +Navigieren zur Videodatei. +Klicken sie auf den Namen der Datei, um sie mit dem Standardprogramm für Filme (Dragon Player) zu öffnen. + + + +Öffnen von Dateien aus dem Dragon Player heraus. +Öffnen von Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Auf den Datei abspielen Knopf klicken oder StrgO drücken +Zur ausgewählten Videodatei gehen und Öffnen klicken + + + + + + +Videos bearbeiten +Für die Videobearbeitung in Kubuntu steht die nichtlineare Anwendung Kino zur Verfügung. Kino ist in der Standardinstallation nicht vorhanden. Es kann mit der Paketverwaltung nachinstalliert werden, indem Kickoff-Anwendungs-StarterProgrammeSystemSoftwareverwaltung (KPackageKit). +So werden Videos in Kino geöffnet und bearbeitet: + + +Dateien in Kino importieren +Öffnen sie Kino indem sie auf Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaKino gehen. +Öffnen sie die zu bearbeitende Filmdatei indem sie auf DateiÖffnen klicken. (Klicken sie OK falls eine Nachricht erscheind, um die Datei zu importieren.). Es kann, je nach Größe der Datei, einige Zeit dauern bis die Datei importiert ist. +Nach dem importieren kann der Film abgespielt werden. Er kann auch geschnitten werden, Visuelle Effekte können hinzugefügt werden, usw. + + +Um einen Film zu schneiden, ihn zu kürzen oder um verschiedene Abschnitte zu exportieren: + +Videos beschneiden +Wenn eine Filmdatei in Kino importiert wurde, klicken sie auf Trim. +Ein Schieberegler unterhalb der Videovorschau kann verwendet werden, um den Start- und Endpunkt des beschnittenen Videos zu setzen. +Geben Sie die Start- und Endpunkte an, indem Sie die jeweiligen Enden des Schiebereglers ziehen. +Drücken Sie den Anwenden Knop am unteren Rand, nachdem die Schieberegler eingestellt worden sind. Dadurch wird die Datei auf die im vorigen Schritt gesetzten Start- und Endpunkte geschnitten. + + + +Videos exportieren +Sobald das Bearbeiten, Schneiden, usw. fertig gestellt worden ist, kann das Video exportiert werden. Klicken Sie dafür auf den Exportieren Knopf an der rechten Fensterseite oder gehen wählen Sie im Menü AnsichtExportieren. +Im Export-Modus kann der Ausgabemodus zum Speichern des bearbeiteten Videos eingestellt werden. Der Export in eine 'DV'-Datei behält die Qualität des Videos bei (dies führt grundsätzlich zu einer großen Datei). +Um das Video in ein gebräuchliches Format wie AVI zu exportieren, kann im Reiter "Andere" das gewünschte Videoformat, die Ausgabequalität und das Zielverzeichnis angegeben werden. +Nachdem die Einstellungen angepasst worden sind, klicken Sie auf den Exportieren Knopf um die Datei zu exportieren. Der Vorgang kann abhängig von der Dateigröße, des Formats, der gewählten Qualität und weiterer Anpassungen einige Zeit in Anspruch nehmen. + + + + +Video-Codecs +Codecs sind Programme, die es ermöglichen verschiedene Formate von Video- und Audiodateien abzuspielen. Einige Codecs sind proprietär, was heißt, dass eine Lizenz benötigt wird, um diese zu nutzen. Einige Codecs sind unter einer freien Lizenz wie der GPL verfügbar. +Kubuntu hat keine Codecs wie mp3, rm (Real Media) oder andere vorinstalliert. Die benötigten Codecs können aus den Paketquellen installiert werden. +Für mehr Informationen über die von Kubuntu unterstützten vorinstallierten Codecs und wie man weitere Codecs für "Eingeschränkte Formate" installiert, bitte Restricted Formats Dokumentation auf der Community-Webseite lesen.. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/es/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/es/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/es/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/es/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,514 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editar y reproducir vídeos en <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento es sobre reproducir y editar vídeos en Kubuntu + + + + +Introducción +Kubuntu viene con un reproductor de vídeo instalado por defecto llamado Dragon Player. Se trata de un reproductor de vídeo sencillo y ligero que puede reproducir casi cualquier archivo de vídeo (los códecs necesarios se instalan). Para la edición de vídeo, la opción preferida es Kino, un editor de vídeo no lineal. Kino no se instala por defecto con Kubuntu, pero es fácilmente instalable desde el administrador de paquetes (KPackageKit). + + + +Reproducir vídeos +En Kubuntu puede usar Dragon Player para reproducir archivos de audio y vídeo. Para reproducir archivos de vídeo: + + +Abrir archivos desde el gestor de archivos +Abrir el gestor de archivos Dolphin. +Navegar al archivo de vídeo. +Haga clic en el nombre del archivo para abrirlo con el reproductor de vídeo predeterminado (Dragon Player). + + + +Abrir archivos con el reproductor Dragon +Open Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Click on the Play File button or press CtrlO +Navegue al archivo de vídeo seleccionado y pulse Abrir + + + + + + +Editar vídeos + +Video editing in Kubuntu can be done with an application called +Kino a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default. It can be +installed using KPackageKit by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). +Aquí es como abrir y editar archivos de vídeo en Kino: + + +Importar archivos en Kino +Open Kino by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaKino +Open the video file to be edited by clicking +FileOpen. +(Press OK if a message appears to import file.). It may +take some time to import, depending on the size of the file. +Después de realizada la importación, el vídeo se puede reproducir. Además, se puede recortar, añadir efectos visuales, etc + + +Para recortar un vídeo, comprimirlo o exportar diferentes secciones: + +Trimming Videos +Once a video file has been imported into +Kino, click on the Trim +button. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +Después de posicionar los controles deslizables, presione el botón Aplicar que se encuentra abajo. Esto cortará el archivo al «punto de entrada» y al «punto de salida» especificados en el paso anterior. + + + +Exportar vídeos +Cuando la edición, corte, etc. se hayan completado, el vídeo estará listo para ser exportado. Para hacer esto, pulse en el botón Exportar, ubicado en el lado derecho de la ventana, o vaya a VerExportar. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +Para exportar el vídeo a un formato común como AVI, seleccione la pestaña «Otros» y especifique el tipo de vídeo a exportar, la calidad de salida y la ubicación donde el vídeo será guardado. +When the settings have been customized, click on the +Export button to export the file. This may take some time +depending on the size of file, the format, the quality selected and other +customization choices. + + + + +Códecs de vídeo +Los códecs son software que permiten reproducir distintos tipos de archivos de audio/vídeo. Algunos códecs son propietarios, lo que significa que para usarlos se requiere una licencia. Algunos códecs están disponibles bajo licencias libres como la GPL. + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/et/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/et/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/et/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/et/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,532 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntus</phrase> videote mängimine ja redigeerimine +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about playing and editing videos in Kubuntu + + + + + +Sissejuhatus + +Kubuntu comes with a video player installed by default called +Dragon Player. It is a simple and lightweight video +player that can play almost any video file (provided the necessary codecs are +installed). For video editing, the preferred choice is +Kino, a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default with Kubuntu, but +it can be easily installed from the package manager +(KPackageKit). + + + + +Videote mängimine + +In Kubuntu you can use Dragon Player to play both +video and audio files. To play video files: + + + +Ava failihaldurist failid +Ava Dolphin failihaldur. +Navigate to the video file. +Click on the file name to open it with the default video player (Dragon Player). + + + +Open Files From Within Dragon Player +Open Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Kliki Faili mängimise nuppu või vajuta CtrlO +Navigate to the selected video file, and click +Open + + + + + + +Videote redigeerimine + +Video editing in Kubuntu can be done with an application called +Kino a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default. It can be +installed using KPackageKit by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). +Siit leiad selle, kuidas avada ja redigeerida faile Kino rakendusega: + + +Importing Files in Kino +Ava Kino, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedMultimeediaKino +Open the video file to be edited by clicking +FileOpen. +(Press OK if a message appears to import file.). It may +take some time to import, depending on the size of the file. +Kui importimine on lõpetatud, mängitakse video. Samuti on seda võimalik lõigata, lisada effekte jne. + + +Video lühemaks lõikamiseks või erinevate osade eksportimiseks: + +Videote lõikamine +Kui video on imporditud Kinosse, siis kliki Lõikamise nuppu. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +After the sliders have been positioned, press the +Apply button at the bottom. This will trim the file to +the 'In Point' and 'Out Point' specified in the previous step. + + + +Videote eksportimine +When the editing, trimming, etc. are complete, the video is ready +to be exported. To do this, click on the Export on the +right side of the window or go to +ViewExport. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +Video eksportimiseks tavalisest vormingust nagu AVI vali 'Muu' kaart ja määra eksporditava video tüüp, väljundvideo kvaliteet ja asukoht, kuhu video salvestatakse. +Kui kõik seadistused on kohandatud, kliki Eksportimise nuppu, et faili eksportida. See võib võtta natuke aega. See oleneb faili suurusest, vormingust, kvaliteedist ja teistes kohandatud valikutest. + + + + +Videokoodekid + +Codecs are software that allow different types of video/audio files to be +played. Some codecs are proprietary, meaning that a license is required to use +them. Some codecs are available under free licenses like GPL. + + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/fr/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/fr/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/fr/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/fr/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,530 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editing and Playing Videos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document traite de la lecture et de la modification de vidéos dans Kubuntu + + + + +Introduction +Kubuntu fournit par défaut un lecteur vidéo nommé Dragon Player. C'est un lecteur vidéo simple et léger qui peut lire la plupart des fichiers vidéos (sous réserve que les codecs appropriés soient installés). Pour l'édition vidéo, le logiciel préféré est Kino, un éditeur vidéo non linéaire. Kino n'est pas installé par défaut, mais il peut être installé facilement avec le gestionnaire de paquets (KPackageKit). + + + +Lire des Vidéos +Dans Kubuntu vous pouvez utiliser Dragon Player pour lire à la fois des fichiers vidéos et audio. Pour lire des fichiers vidéo : + + +Ouvrir des fichiers avec le gestionnaire de fichiers +Ouvrir le gestionnaire de fichiers Dolphin. +Navigate to the video file. +Cliquer sur le nom du fichier pour l'ouvrir avec le lecteur vidéo par défaut (Dragon Player). + + + +Open Files From Within Dragon Player +Open Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Click on the Play File button or press CtrlO +Navigate to the selected video file, and click +Open + + + + + + +Editing Videos + +Video editing in Kubuntu can be done with an application called +Kino a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default. It can be +installed using KPackageKit by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). +Here's how to open and edit video files in +Kino: + + + +Importing Files in Kino +Open Kino by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaKino +Open the video file to be edited by clicking +FileOpen. +(Press OK if a message appears to import file.). It may +take some time to import, depending on the size of the file. +After the importing is done, the video can be played. Also, it +can be trimmed, visual effects added, etc. + + +To trim a video to shorten it or to export different sections: + +Trimming Videos +Once a video file has been imported into +Kino, click on the Trim +button. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +After the sliders have been positioned, press the +Apply button at the bottom. This will trim the file to +the 'In Point' and 'Out Point' specified in the previous step. + + + +Exporting videos +When the editing, trimming, etc. are complete, the video is ready +to be exported. To do this, click on the Export on the +right side of the window or go to +ViewExport. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +To export the video to a common format such as +AVI, select the 'Other' tab and specify the type of video to +export, the quality of the output video and the location where the +video should be saved. +When the settings have been customized, click on the +Export button to export the file. This may take some time +depending on the size of file, the format, the quality selected and other +customization choices. + + + + +Video Codecs + +Codecs are software that allow different types of video/audio files to be +played. Some codecs are proprietary, meaning that a license is required to use +them. Some codecs are available under free licenses like GPL. + + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/it/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/it/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/it/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/it/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Modificare e riprodurre video in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento tratta la riproduzione e la modifica video in Kubuntu + + + + +Introduzione +Kubuntu contiene un riproduttore video predefinito chiamato Dragon Player. È semplice e leggero e può riprodurre quasi tutti i file video (a patto che siano installati i codec necessari). Per la modifica video, la soluzione è Kino, un editor video non lineare. Kino non è installato in modo predefinito in Kubuntu, ma può essere facilmente installato dal gestore dei pacchetti (KPackageKit). + + + +Riprodurre video +In Kubuntu potete usare Dragon Player per riprodurre sia file video, sia file audio. Per riprodurre file video: + + +Aprire file dal gestore dei file +Aprite il gestore di file Dolphin. +Navigate fino al file video. +Fate clic sul nome del file per aprirlo col riproduttore video predefinito (Dragon Player). + + + +Aprire file da Dragon Player +Aprite Dragon Player; Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniMultimediaRiproduttore video (Dragon) +Fate clic sul pulsante Rriproduci file oppure premete CtrlO +Navigate fino al file video selezionato e fate clic su Apri + + + + + + +Modificare video +La modifica video (video editing) in Kubuntu può essere eseguita con un'applicazione chiamata Kino, un editor video non lineare. Kino non è installato in modo predefinito e può essere installato tramite KPackageKit da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniSistemaGestione software (KPackageKit). +Per aprire e modificare file video in Kino: + + +Importare file in Kino +Aprite Kino da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniMultimediaKino +Aprite il file video da modificare facendo clic su FileApri (premete OK se appare un messaggio per importare il file). L'importazione potrebbe durare un po', a seconda della dimensione del file. +Dopo aver completato l'importazione, il video può essere riprodotto e può essere anche tagliato o possono essere aggiunti effetti visivi, e così via. + + +Per tagliare un video per la riduzione o l'esportazione in varie sezioni: + +Ritagliare i video +Una volta importato il file video in Kino, fate clic sul pulsante Taglia. +Sotto l'anteprima del video è presente un regolatore che può essere usato per specificare i punti di inizio (Inizio) e fine (Fine) del video tagliato. +Specificate i punti di inizio e fine trascinando le estremità del regolatore. +Dopo aver posizionato i regolatori, premete il pulsante Applica in basso. Ciò taglierà il file nei punti di 'Inizio' e 'Fine' specificati nel passaggio precedente. + + + +Esportazione dei video +Dopo aver completato le modifiche, i tagli, ecc., il video è pronto per essere esportato. Per fare questo, fate clic su Esporta sul lato destro della finestra oppure da VisualizzaEsporta. +In modalità di esportazione, per il salvataggio del video modificato può essere specificato il tipo di output. L'esportazione in un file 'DV' mantiene la qualità del video (e in genere produce un file di dimensioni più grandi). +Per esportare il video in un formato comune quale AVI, selezionate la scheda 'Altro' e specificate il tipo di video da esportare, la qualità dell'output video e la posizione in cui salvarlo. +Dopo aver personalizzato le impostazioni, fate clic sul pulsante Esporta per esportare il file. L'esportazione può durare diverso tempo a seconda della dimensione del file, il formato, la qualità selezionata e varie altre opzioni. + + + + +Codec video +Codec è software che permette la riproduzione di diversi tipi file video e audio. Alcuni codec sono proprietari, e questo significa che è richiesta una licenza per utilizzarli. Altri sono disponibili sotto licenza libera tipo GPL. +Kubuntu non viene distribuito con codec proprietari pre-installati per la riproduzione di formati come mp3, rm (Real Media) e altri. I codec necessari possono essere installati dai depositi. +Per ulteriori informazioni su quali formati sono supportati da Kubuntu senza necessità di configurazione, e in che modo è possibile installare codec aggiuntivi per i 'formati proprietari', consultate la documentazione Formati proprietari sul sito web delle guide della comunità. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/km/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/km/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/km/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/km/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +ការ​កែ​សម្រួល​ និង​ការ​ចាក់​វីដេអូ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការចាក់ និង​ការ​កែ​សម្រួល​វីដេអូ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ + +ម៉ន ម៉ែត, សេង សុត្ថាខឹម សុខែម + + +សេចក្តី​ណែនាំ +គូប៊ូទុន​ ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​វីដេអូ ដែល​បាន​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ហៅ​ថា​ កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​ Dragon ។ វា​ជា​កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​វីដេអូដែល​មាន​ទម្ងន់ស្រាល ហើយ​សាមញ្ញ ដែល​អាច​ចាក់សឹង​តែ​គ្រប់​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូ (ផ្តល់​នូវ​កូដិក​ចាំ​បាច់​សម្រាប់​ការ​ដំឡើង​) ។ ចំពោះ​ការកែ​សម្រួល​វីដេអូ ជម្រើស​ដែល​គួរ​ឲ្យ​ពេញ​ចិត្ត​ជា​ង​គេ​គឺ​ Kino ដែល​ជា​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​វីដេអូ​ដែល​មិន​លីនេអ៊ែរ ។ Kino មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ទេ ប៉ុន្តែ​អាច​ដំឡើង​វាបាន​យ៉ាង​ងាយ​ពី​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កញ្ចប់​ (KPackageKit) ។ + + + +ការ​ចាក់​វីដេអូ +ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ អ្នក​អាច​ប្រើ​ កម្មវិធី​ចាក់ Dragon ដើម្បី​ចាក់​ទាំង​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូ និង​អូឌីយ៉ូ ។ ដើម្បី​ចាក់​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូ ៖ + + +បើក​ឯកសារ​ពី​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ +បើក​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ឯកសារ​ Dolphin ។ +រុក​រក​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូ ។ +ចុច​លើ​ឈ្មោះ​ឯកសារ​ ដើម្បី​បើក​វា​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​វីដេអូ​លំនាំ​ដើម (កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​ Dragon) ។ + + + +បើក​ឯកសារ​ពី​ខាង​ក្នុង​កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​ Dragon +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​ចាក់​ Dragon កម្មវិធីដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីពហុ​មេឌៀកម្មវិធី​ចាក់​វីដេអូ (Dragon) +ចុច​លើប៊ូតុង​​ ចាក់​ឯកសារ​ ឬ​ចុច​ បញ្ជា (Ctrl)O +រុក​រក​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស​ រួច​ចុច​ បើក​ + + + + + + +ការ​កែ​សម្រួល​វីដេអូ +អាច​ធ្វើ​ការកែ​សម្រួល​វីដេអូ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ ដែល​មាន​ឈ្មោះ​ថា​​ Kino ដែល​ជា​កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​វីដេអូ​​​មិន​លីនេអ៊ែរបាន ។ Kino មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​ទេ ។ អាច​ដំឡើង​វា​បាន ដោយ​ប្រើ​ KPackageKit ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីប្រព័ន្ធ​ការ​គ្រប់​គ្រង​កម្មវិធី (KPackageKit) ។ +នេះ​ជា​វិធី​បើក និង​កែ​សម្រួល​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ Kino ៖ + + +ការនាំ​ចូលឯកសារ​​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ Kino +បើក​ Kino ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធីមេឌៀKino +បើក​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូដែល​ត្រូវ​កែ​សម្រួល​ ដោយ​ចុច​ ឯកសារ​បើក​ ។ (ចុច​ យល់​ព្រម បើ​សារ​បង្ហាញ​​ឲ្យ​នាំចូល​ឯកសារ​) ។ វា​អាច​នឹង​ចំណាយ​ពេល​មួយ​រយៈ​ ដើម្បី​នាំ​ចូល អាស្រ័យ​លើ​ទំហំឯកសារ ។ +ក្រោយ​ពី​នាំចូល​ហើយ អាច​ចាក់​វីដេអូ​បាន ។ ជាង​នេះ​ទៀត អាច​កាត់​ និង​បន្ថែម​បែប​ផែន​និម្មិតដល់​វា​ផង​ដែរ​ ។ល។ + + +ដើម្បី​កាត់​វីដេអូ​ឲ្យ​ខ្លី ឬ​ដើម្បី​នាំ​ចេញ​ផ្នែក​ផ្សេង​ៗ ៖ + +ការកាត់​វីដេអូ +នៅ​ពេល​នាំ​ចូល​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូ​ចូល​ទៅ​ក្នុង​ Kino ហើយ ចុច​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​ កាត់ ។ +អាច​ប្រើ​គ្រាប់​រំកិល​ក្រោម​មើល​វីដេអូ​ជា​មុន ដើម្បី​បញ្ជាក់​ចំណុច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម និង​បញ្ចប់​របស់​វីដេអូ​ដែល​បាន​កាត់ ។ +បញ្ជាក់​ចំណុច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម និង​ចំណុច​បញ្ចប់​ ដោយ​អូស​ចុង​គ្រាប់​រំកិល​នីមួយ​ៗ ។ +បន្ទាប់​ពី​បាន​ដាក់​ទីតាំង​គ្រាប់​រំកិល​រួច​ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង អនុវត្ត​ នៅ​ខាង​ក្រោម ។ វា​នឹង​កាត់​ឯកសារ​នៅ​ត្រង់​ចំណុច​ចាប់​ផ្តើម និង​ចំណុច​បញ្ចប់​ ដូចដែល​បញ្ជាក់​នៅ​ក្នុង​ជំហាន​មុន ។ + + + +ការ​នាំ​ចេញ​វីដេអូ +នៅ​ពេល​បញ្ចប់​ការកែ​សម្រួល ការកាត់​ហើយ ។ល។ វីដេអូ​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ត្រៀម​នាំ​ចេញ ។ ដូច្នេះ​ធ្វើ​ដូច្នេះ​ ចុច​លើ​ នាំ​ចេញ​ នៅ​ខាង​ស្តាំ​នៃ​បង្អួច ឬ​ទៅ​កាន់​ មើល​នាំ​ចេញ​ ។ +ក្នុង​របៀប នាំចេញ របៀប​បង្ហាញ​លទ្ធផល​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បញ្ជាក់​សម្រាប់​ការរក្សា​ទុក​វីដេអូ​ដែល​បាន​កែ​សម្រួល​ ។ ការ​នាំ​ចេញ​ទៅ​កាន់​ឯកសារ​ 'DV' នឹង​រក្សា​នូវ​គុណភាព​របស់​វីដេអូ (វា​ជា​ទូទៅ​មានលទ្ធផល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឯកសារ​ធំ​ៗ​) ។ +ដើម្បី​នាំ​ចេញ​វីដេអូ​ទៅកាន់​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ទូទៅ​ដូច​ជា​ AVI ជ្រើស​ផ្ទាំង​ 'ផ្សេង​ទៀត​' និង​បញ្ជាក់​ប្រភេទ​របស់​វីដេអូ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​នាំ​ចេញ គុណភាព​​​លទ្ធផល​វីដេអូ និង​ទីតាំង​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​រក្សា​ទុក​វីដេអូ ។ +នៅ​ពេល​ប្តូរ​ការកំណត់​តាម​បំណង​រួចហើយ ចុច​លើ​ប៊ូតុង​ នាំ​ចេញ​ ដើម្បី​នាំ​ចេញ​ឯកសារ​ ។ វា​អាចចំណាយ​ពេល​មួយ​រយៈ អាស្រ័យ​លើ​ទំហំវីដេអូ ទ្រង់ទ្រាយ​ គុណភាព​ដែល​បាន​ជ្រើស និង​ជម្រើស​ប្តូរ​តាម​បំណង​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ។ + + + + +កូដិក​វីដេអូ +កូដិក​ជា​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​អនុញ្ញាត​ឲ្យ​បង្ហាញ​ប្រភេទ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​របស់​ឯកសារ​វីដេអូ/អូឌីយ៉ូ ។ កូដិក​ខ្លះ​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ មាន​ន័យ​ថា​វា​ទាម​ទារ​អាជ្ញាបណ្ណ នៅ​ពេល​ប្រើ​ពួក​វា ។ កូដិក​ខ្លះ​អាចប្រើ​បានដោយ​ឥត​គិត​ថ្លៃ​ដូច​ជា GPL ។ +គូប៊ុនទូ​ មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ជា​មុ​ន​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​កូដិក ដើម្បី​បង្ហាញ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែល​មានកម្មសិទ្ធិ ដូច​ជា​ mp3, rm (Real Media) និង​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ផ្សេង​ទៀតទេ ។ កូដិក​សំខាន់​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​មក​ពី​ឃ្លាំង ។ +ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការគាំទ្រ​ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ណា​មួយ​ក្រៅ​អំពី​ប្រអប់​ ដោយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ និង​វិធី​ដែល​អ្នក​អាច​ដំឡើង​កូដិក​បន្ថែម​សម្រាប់​ 'ទ្រង់​ទ្រាយ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដាក់​កម្រិត​' សូម​អាន​ឯកសារ​ ទ្រង់ទ្រាយ​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដាក់​កម្រិត​ តាម​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ជំនួយ​របស់​សហគមន៍ ។ + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/oc/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/oc/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/oc/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/oc/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,544 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editing and Playing Videos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about playing and editing videos in Kubuntu + + + + + +Introduccion + +Kubuntu comes with a video player installed by default called +Dragon Player. It is a simple and lightweight video +player that can play almost any video file (provided the necessary codecs are +installed). For video editing, the preferred choice is +Kino, a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default with Kubuntu, but +it can be easily installed from the package manager +(KPackageKit). + + + + +Playing Videos + +In Kubuntu you can use Dragon Player to play both +video and audio files. To play video files: + + + +Open Files From The File Manager +Open the Dolphin file manager. +Navigate to the video file. +Click on the file name to open it with the default video player (Dragon Player). + + + +Open Files From Within Dragon Player +Open Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Click on the Play File button or press CtrlO +Navigate to the selected video file, and click +Open + + + + + + +Modificar de vidèos + +Video editing in Kubuntu can be done with an application called +Kino a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default. It can be +installed using KPackageKit by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). +Here's how to open and edit video files in +Kino: + + + +Importing Files in Kino +Open Kino by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaKino +Open the video file to be edited by clicking +FileOpen. +(Press OK if a message appears to import file.). It may +take some time to import, depending on the size of the file. +After the importing is done, the video can be played. Also, it +can be trimmed, visual effects added, etc. + + +To trim a video to shorten it or to export different sections: + +Trimming Videos +Once a video file has been imported into +Kino, click on the Trim +button. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +After the sliders have been positioned, press the +Apply button at the bottom. This will trim the file to +the 'In Point' and 'Out Point' specified in the previous step. + + + +Exporting videos +When the editing, trimming, etc. are complete, the video is ready +to be exported. To do this, click on the Export on the +right side of the window or go to +ViewExport. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +To export the video to a common format such as +AVI, select the 'Other' tab and specify the type of video to +export, the quality of the output video and the location where the +video should be saved. +When the settings have been customized, click on the +Export button to export the file. This may take some time +depending on the size of file, the format, the quality selected and other +customization choices. + + + + +Codecs vidèo + +Codecs are software that allow different types of video/audio files to be +played. Some codecs are proprietary, meaning that a license is required to use +them. Some codecs are available under free licenses like GPL. + + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/pt_BR/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/pt_BR/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/pt_BR/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/pt_BR/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editando e reproduzindo vídeos no <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento é sobre reprodução e edição de vídeos no Kubuntu + + + + +Introdução +O Kubuntu vem com um reprodutor de vídeo instalado por padrão chamado Reprodutor Dragon. Ele é um reprodutor de vídeo simples e leve capaz de reproduzir quase todos os tipos de arquivo de vídeo (contanto que os codecs necessários estejam instalados). Para edição de vídeo, a escolha preferencial é o Kino, um editor de vídeo não-linear. O Kino por padrão não vem instalado com o Kubuntu, porém pode ser facilmente instalado a partir do gerenciador de pacotes (KPackageKit). + + + +Reproduzindo vídeos +No Kubuntu você pode usar o Reprodutor de mídia Dragon para reproduzir tanto arquivos de vídeo quanto de áudio. Para reproduzir arquivos de vídeo: + + +Abrir arquivos do gerenciador de arquivos +Abre o gerenciador de arquivos Dolphin. +Navegar até o arquivo de video. +Clique no nome do arquivo para abri-lo com o reprodutor de vídeo padrão (Reprodutor de mídia Dragon). + + + +Abra arquivos a partir do reprodutor de mídia Dragon +Abra Reprodutor Dragon; Lançador de Aplicativos de InicializaçãoAplicativosMultimídiaReprodutor de Vídeo (Dragon) +Clique no botão Reproduzir Arquivo ou pressione CtrlO +Navegue até o arquivo de vídeo selecionado, e clique em Abrir + + + + + + +Editando vídeos +Edição de vídeo no Kubuntu pode ser feita com um aplicativo chamado Kino, um editor de vídeo não-linear. Kino não vem instalado por padrão. Ele pode ser instalado usando-se o KPackageKit, indo até Lançador de Aplicativos de InicializaçãoAplicativosSistemaGerenciador de Software (KPackageKit). +Aqui está como abrir e editar arquivos de vídeo no Kino: + + +Importação de arquivos no Kino +Abra o Kino indo ao Lançador de Aplicativos de InicializaçãoAplicativosMultimídiaKino +Abra o vídeo a ser editado clicando em ArquivoAbrir. (Pressione OK +Após o término da importação, o vídeo poderá ser reproduzido. Além disso, ele poderá ser editado, efeitos visuais poderão ser adicionados, etc. + + +Cortando um vídeo para encurtá-lo ou para exportar diferentes seções: + +Cortando vídeos +Uma vez que o arquivo de vídeo tenha sido importado para o Kino, clique no botão Cortar. +Uma barra deslizante abaixo da prévia do vídeo pode ser usada para especificar o ponto de início (In Point) e o ponto final (Out Point) do vídeo cortado. +Especifique os pontos de início e de fim arrastando cada ponta da barra deslizante. +Após as barras deslizantes terem sido posicionadas, pressione o botão Aplicar embaixo. Isto irá recortar o arquivo no 'In Point' e no 'Out Point' especificados na etapa anterior. + + + +Exportando videos +Ao final da edição, cortes, etc., o vídeo está pronto para ser exportado. Para fazer isso, clique em Exportar no lado direito da janela ou vá até VisualizarExportar. +No modo de Exportar, pode ser especificado o modo de saída do vídeo a ser salvo. Exportar para um arquivo 'DV' mantém a qualidade do vídeo (isto em geral resulta em um arquivo grande). +Para exportar o vídeo para um formato comum como AVI, selecione a guia 'Outros' e especifique o tipo de vídeo a ser exportado, a qualidade do vídeo resultante e o local onde o vídeo deve ser salvo. +Quando as configurações tiverem sido personalizadas, clique no botão Exportar para exportar o arquivo. Isto pode demorar algum tempo dependendo do tamanho do arquivo, o formato, a qualidade selecionadas e outras escolhas de personalização. + + + + +Codecs de vídeo +Codecs são softwares que permitem a reprodução de tipos diferentes de arquivos de vídeo/áudio. Alguns codecs são proprietários, significando que uma licença é necessária para seu uso. Alguns codecs estão disponíveis sob licenças livres como a GPL. +O Kubuntu não vem pré-instalado com os codecs requeridos para reproduzir formatos proprietários como mp3, rm (Real Media) e outros. Os codecs necessários podem ser instalados a partir dos repositórios. +Para mais informações sobre quais formatos são suportados pelo Kubuntu recém-instalado, e como você pode instalar codecs adicionais para 'Formatos Restritos', por favor leia a documentação Formatos Restritos na página da web de ajuda da comunidade. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/ru/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/ru/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/ru/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/ru/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,515 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Редактирование и воспроизведение видео в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Этот документ о воспроизведении и редактирования видео в Kubuntu + + + + +Введение +Kubuntu поставляется с установленным по умолчанию видео плеером, который носит название Dragon Player. Это достаточно простой и легкий видео плеер, который может воспроизвести практически любой видео файл (при условии, что необходимые кодеки установлены).Для обработки видео предпочтительным вариантом является нелинейный видео редакторKino. Kino не поставляется с Kubuntu, но вы всегда можете легко установить его с помощью менеджера пакетов (KPackageKit). + + + +Воспроизведение видео +Для воспроизведения видео и аудио файлов в Kubuntu вы можете использовать приложение Dragon Player. Для воспроизведения видео файлов: + + +Открытие файлов из диспетчера файлов +Откройте диспетчер файлов Dolphin +Перейдите к видео файлу +Щелкните по имени файла, чтобы открыть его с видеоплеером по умолчанию (Dragon Player). + + + +Открытие файлов из проигрывателя Dragon +Откройте Dragon Player; Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияМультимедиаВидеопроигрыватель (Dragon) +Нажмите на кнопку Воспроизвести файл или нажмите CtrlO +Перейдите к выбранному файлу и нажмите Открыть + + + + + + +Редактирование видео +Редактировать видео в Kubuntu можно с помощью нелинейного видео редактора Kino. Kino не установлен по умолчанию, но его можно установить используя KPackageKit, выбравМеню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияСистемаУправление программами (KPackageKit). +Ниже приведено, как открывать и редактировать видео файлы в Kino: + + +Импорт файлов в Kino +Откройте Kino перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияМультимедиаKino +Откройте видео файл для редактирования, нажав ФайлОткрыть. (Нажмите OK, если появится сообщение об импорте файла.). Импорт может занять некоторое время, в зависимости от размера файла. +Когда выполнится импорт, видео может быть воспроизведено. Также, можно обрезать его, добавить визуальные эффекты и т.д. + + +To trim a video to shorten it or to export different sections: + +Обрезка видео +После того как файл был импортирован в Kino, нажмите кнопку Обрезать. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +After the sliders have been positioned, press the +Apply button at the bottom. This will trim the file to +the 'In Point' and 'Out Point' specified in the previous step. + + + +Exporting videos +When the editing, trimming, etc. are complete, the video is ready +to be exported. To do this, click on the Export on the +right side of the window or go to +ViewExport. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +To export the video to a common format such as +AVI, select the 'Other' tab and specify the type of video to +export, the quality of the output video and the location where the +video should be saved. +When the settings have been customized, click on the +Export button to export the file. This may take some time +depending on the size of file, the format, the quality selected and other +customization choices. + + + + +Video Codecs + +Codecs are software that allow different types of video/audio files to be +played. Some codecs are proprietary, meaning that a license is required to use +them. Some codecs are available under free licenses like GPL. + + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/sk/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/sk/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/sk/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/sk/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,544 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editing and Playing Videos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about playing and editing videos in Kubuntu + + + + + +Introduction + +Kubuntu comes with a video player installed by default called +Dragon Player. It is a simple and lightweight video +player that can play almost any video file (provided the necessary codecs are +installed). For video editing, the preferred choice is +Kino, a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default with Kubuntu, but +it can be easily installed from the package manager +(KPackageKit). + + + + +Playing Videos + +In Kubuntu you can use Dragon Player to play both +video and audio files. To play video files: + + + +Open Files From The File Manager +Open the Dolphin file manager. +Navigate to the video file. +Click on the file name to open it with the default video player (Dragon Player). + + + +Open Files From Within Dragon Player +Open Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Click on the Play File button or press CtrlO +Navigate to the selected video file, and click +Open + + + + + + +Editing Videos + +Video editing in Kubuntu can be done with an application called +Kino a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default. It can be +installed using KPackageKit by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). +Here's how to open and edit video files in +Kino: + + + +Importing Files in Kino +Open Kino by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaKino +Open the video file to be edited by clicking +FileOpen. +(Press OK if a message appears to import file.). It may +take some time to import, depending on the size of the file. +After the importing is done, the video can be played. Also, it +can be trimmed, visual effects added, etc. + + +To trim a video to shorten it or to export different sections: + +Trimming Videos +Once a video file has been imported into +Kino, click on the Trim +button. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +After the sliders have been positioned, press the +Apply button at the bottom. This will trim the file to +the 'In Point' and 'Out Point' specified in the previous step. + + + +Exporting videos +When the editing, trimming, etc. are complete, the video is ready +to be exported. To do this, click on the Export on the +right side of the window or go to +ViewExport. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +To export the video to a common format such as +AVI, select the 'Other' tab and specify the type of video to +export, the quality of the output video and the location where the +video should be saved. +When the settings have been customized, click on the +Export button to export the file. This may take some time +depending on the size of file, the format, the quality selected and other +customization choices. + + + + +Video Codecs + +Codecs are software that allow different types of video/audio files to be +played. Some codecs are proprietary, meaning that a license is required to use +them. Some codecs are available under free licenses like GPL. + + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/sr/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/sr/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/sr/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/sr/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,544 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Editing and Playing Videos in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + + +This document is about playing and editing videos in Kubuntu + + + + + +Introduction + +Kubuntu comes with a video player installed by default called +Dragon Player. It is a simple and lightweight video +player that can play almost any video file (provided the necessary codecs are +installed). For video editing, the preferred choice is +Kino, a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default with Kubuntu, but +it can be easily installed from the package manager +(KPackageKit). + + + + +Playing Videos + +In Kubuntu you can use Dragon Player to play both +video and audio files. To play video files: + + + +Open Files From The File Manager +Open the Dolphin file manager. +Navigate to the video file. +Click on the file name to open it with the default video player (Dragon Player). + + + +Open Files From Within Dragon Player +Open Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Click on the Play File button or press CtrlO +Navigate to the selected video file, and click +Open + + + + + + +Editing Videos + +Video editing in Kubuntu can be done with an application called +Kino a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default. It can be +installed using KPackageKit by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). +Here's how to open and edit video files in +Kino: + + + +Importing Files in Kino +Open Kino by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaKino +Open the video file to be edited by clicking +FileOpen. +(Press OK if a message appears to import file.). It may +take some time to import, depending on the size of the file. +After the importing is done, the video can be played. Also, it +can be trimmed, visual effects added, etc. + + +To trim a video to shorten it or to export different sections: + +Trimming Videos +Once a video file has been imported into +Kino, click on the Trim +button. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +After the sliders have been positioned, press the +Apply button at the bottom. This will trim the file to +the 'In Point' and 'Out Point' specified in the previous step. + + + +Exporting videos +When the editing, trimming, etc. are complete, the video is ready +to be exported. To do this, click on the Export on the +right side of the window or go to +ViewExport. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +To export the video to a common format such as +AVI, select the 'Other' tab and specify the type of video to +export, the quality of the output video and the location where the +video should be saved. +When the settings have been customized, click on the +Export button to export the file. This may take some time +depending on the size of file, the format, the quality selected and other +customization choices. + + + + +Video Codecs + +Codecs are software that allow different types of video/audio files to be +played. Some codecs are proprietary, meaning that a license is required to use +them. Some codecs are available under free licenses like GPL. + + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/sv/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/sv/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/sv/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/sv/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Redigera och spela upp video i <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument handlar om uppspelning och redigering av video i Kubuntu + + + + +Introduktion + +Kubuntu comes with a video player installed by default called +Dragon Player. It is a simple and lightweight video +player that can play almost any video file (provided the necessary codecs are +installed). For video editing, the preferred choice is +Kino, a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default with Kubuntu, but +it can be easily installed from the package manager +(KPackageKit). + + + + +Spela upp video + +In Kubuntu you can use Dragon Player to play both +video and audio files. To play video files: + + + +Öppna filer från filhanteraren +Open the Dolphin file manager. +Navigera till videofilen. +Click on the file name to open it with the default video player (Dragon Player). + + + +Open Files From Within Dragon Player +Open Dragon Player; Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaVideo Player (Dragon) +Click on the Play File button or press CtrlO +Navigate to the selected video file, and click +Open + + + + + + +Redigera video + +Video editing in Kubuntu can be done with an application called +Kino a non-linear video editor. +Kino is not installed by default. It can be +installed using KPackageKit by going +to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsSystemSoftware Management (KPackageKit). +Here's how to open and edit video files in +Kino: + + + +Importera filer i Kino +Open Kino by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsMultimediaKino +Open the video file to be edited by clicking +FileOpen. +(Press OK if a message appears to import file.). It may +take some time to import, depending on the size of the file. +After the importing is done, the video can be played. Also, it +can be trimmed, visual effects added, etc. + + +To trim a video to shorten it or to export different sections: + +Trimming Videos +Once a video file has been imported into +Kino, click on the Trim +button. +A slider below the video preview can be used to specify the starting +(In Point) and the ending (Out Point) points of the trimmed video. +Specify the starting and ending points by dragging each end of the +slider. +After the sliders have been positioned, press the +Apply button at the bottom. This will trim the file to +the 'In Point' and 'Out Point' specified in the previous step. + + + +Exportera video +When the editing, trimming, etc. are complete, the video is ready +to be exported. To do this, click on the Export on the +right side of the window or go to +ViewExport. +In the Export mode, the output mode can be specified for saving the +edited video. Exporting to a 'DV' file maintains the quality of the video (this +generally results in a large file). +To export the video to a common format such as +AVI, select the 'Other' tab and specify the type of video to +export, the quality of the output video and the location where the +video should be saved. +When the settings have been customized, click on the +Export button to export the file. This may take some time +depending on the size of file, the format, the quality selected and other +customization choices. + + + + +Videokodekar + +Codecs are software that allow different types of video/audio files to be +played. Some codecs are proprietary, meaning that a license is required to use +them. Some codecs are available under free licenses like GPL. + + +Kubuntu does not come pre-installed with codecs to play proprietary formats +like mp3, rm (Real Media) and others. The necessary codecs can be installed from +the repositories. + + +For more information on which formats are supported out of the box by Kubuntu +and how you can install additional codecs for 'Restricted Formats', please read +the Restricted +Formats documentation on the community help website. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/uk/video.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/uk/video.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/video/uk/video.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/video/uk/video.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Редагування та відтворення відео у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Цей документ присвячено можливостям Kubuntu з відтворення та редагування відеоданих. + + + + +Вступ +У типовому комплекті програм Kubuntu є програма для відтворення відео, яка називається Dragon Player. Це проста і невибаглива до ресурсів програма, яка здатна відтворювати майже будь-які відеофайли (якщо встановлено відповідні кодеки). Для редагування відео вам варто скористатися нелінійним редактором відео Kino. Kino немає у типовому наборі програм Kubuntu, але програму дуже просто встановити за допомогою програми для керування пакунками (KPackageKit). + + + +Відтворення відео +Для відтворення відеофайлів та звукових файлів у Kubuntu ви можете скористатися Dragon Player. Щоб розпочати відтворення відеофайла, виконайте такі дії: + + +Відкриття файлів за допомогою програми для керування ними +Відкрийте вікно програми для керування файлами Dolphin. +Перейдіть до теки з відеофайлом. +Натисніть на позначці з назвою файла, щоб відкрити його у типовій програмі для відтворення відео (Dragon Player). + + + +Відкриття файлів за допомогою самого Dragon Player +Відкрийте вікно Dragon Player: пункт меню інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиЗвук і відеоВідеопрогравач (Dragon) +Натисніть кнопку Відтворити файл або комбінацію клавіш CtrlO +Перейдіть до вибраного відеофайла і натисніть кнопку Відкрити + + + + + + +Редагування відео +Редагування відео у Kubuntu можна здійснювати за допомогою програми Kino, нелінійного редактора відео. У типовому комплекті програм Kino немає. Програму можна встановити за допомогою KPackageKit, програми, вікно якої відкривається за допомогою пункту меню інструменту для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиСистемаКерування програмним забезпеченням (KPackageKit). +Наведемо декілька настанов з відкриття та редагування відеофайлів у Kino: + + +Імпортування файлів до Kino +Запустіть Kino за допомогою пункту меню засіб для запуску програм KickoffПрограмиЗвук та відеоKino +Відкрийте файл відео, який слід змінити за допомогою пункту меню ФайлВідкрити. Натисніть кнопку Гаразд, якщо програма повідомить про потребу у імпортуванні файла. Імпортування може тривати певний час (тривалість залежить від розмірів файла). +Після завершення імпортування відео можна буде відтворити. Крім того, його можна обрізати, додати візуальні ефекти тощо. + + +Щоб обрізати відео, скоротити його або експортувати частину відео, виконайте такі дії: + +Обрізання відео +Після завершення імпортування відеофайла до Kino, натисніть кнопку Обрізати. +Повзунком під областю попереднього перегляду можна скористатися для визначення початкової (вхідної) та завершальної (вихідної) точок обрізаного відео. +Вкажіть початкову і завершальну точку перетягуванням відповідних повзунків. +Після належного розташування повзунків натисніть кнопку Застосувати, розташовану у нижній частині вікна програми. Після цього відео буде обрізано на основі даних, визначених на попередньому кроці. + + + +Експортування відео +Після завершення редагування, обрізання та інших дій відео буде готове до експортування. Щоб виконати цю дію, натисніть кнопку Експортувати, розташовану у правій частині вікна, або скористайтеся пунктом меню ПереглядЕкспортувати. +У режимі експортування ви зможете вибрати режим виведення даних для збереження зміненого відео. Експортування у форматі файла «DV» надасть вам змогу зберегти якість зображення (зазвичай, це потребуватиме збільшення розмірів файла). +Щоб експортувати відео у поширеному форматі, зокрема AVI, перейдіть на вкладку «Інше» і вкажіть тип відео, який слід використати під час експортування, якість зображення та адресу, за якою має бути збережено оброблені дані. +Після визначення параметрів натисніть кнопку Експортувати, щоб експортувати файл. Експортування може тривати досить довго, залежно від розмірів файла, формату, вказаної якості зображення та значень інших параметрів. + + + + +Відеокодеки +Кодеки — це програмне забезпечення, за допомогою якого інші програми можуть відтворювати відео- та звукові файли. Частина кодеків є пропрієтарними, для їх використання слід погодитися з умовами невільної ліцензії. Іншою частиною кодеків можна користуватися за умов дотримання вільних ліцензій, зокрема GPL. +У типовому комплекті Kubuntu немає кодеків для відтворення закритих форматів даних, зокрема mp3, rm (Real Media) тощо. Потрібні кодеки слід встановити зі сховищ дистрибутива. +Щоб дізнатися більше про те, підтримку яких форматів передбачено у типовій комплектації Kubuntu, та про те, як встановити додаткові кодеки для форматі з обмеженнями на використання, зверніться до розділу Restricted Formats на веб-сайті довідки спільноти. + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/de/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/de/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/de/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/de/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,727 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Das Internet +&legalnotice; + +Diese Dokumentation enthält Informationen über Anwendungen, mit denen Sie auf das Internet zugreifen können. In diesem Handbuch bezieht sich der Begriff Internet auf Webbrowser, E-Mail-Programme, Chatprogramme und BitTorrent-Clients. + + + + + +Webbrowser + +Der voreingestellte Webbrowser für Kubuntu ist Konqueror. Um mehr über Konqueror zu erfahren, lesen Sie bitte das Konqueror-Handbuch. + +In den Ubuntu-Paketquellen sind viele verschiedene Webbrowser enthalten. Kubuntu ermöglicht Ihnen das Surfen im Internet sowohl mit textbasierten Browsern, als auch mit bekannten Anwendungen wie Firefox oder Opera. + + + +Konqueror + + + +Lesezeichen + + +Importieren + +Öffnen Sie Konqueror über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeInternetWebbrowser. + + +Öffnen Sie den Lesezeichen-Editor unter LesezeichenLesezeichen bearbeiten. + + +Wählen Sie im Lesezeichen-Editor DateiImportieren. + +Import-Einstellungen +Sie können Lesezeichen von Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, KDE2/KDE3, Galeon sowie Alle Absturz-Sitzungen als Lesezeichen importieren, indem Sie im Import-Menü die jeweilige Auswahl treffen. + + + +Wählen Sie die passende Importmöglichkeit aus und schließen Sie den Lesezeichen-Editor. + + + + +Exportieren + +Öffnen Sie Konqueror über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeInternetWebbrowser. + + +Öffnen Sie den Lesezeichen-Editor unter LesezeichenLesezeichen bearbeiten. + + +Wählen Sie im Lesezeichen-Editor DateiExportieren. + +Export-Einstellungen +Sie können Ihre Lesezeichen für Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla und Netscape sowie als HTML-Bookmarks exportieren, indem Sie im Export-Menü die jeweilige Auswahl treffen. + + + +Wählen Sie die passende Exportmöglichkeit aus und schließen Sie den Lesezeichen-Editor. + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + +Firefox 3 ist der mit verschiedenen Preisen ausgezeichnete Webbrowser von Mozilla in der dritten Generation. Firefox ist nicht von vornherein auf einem Kubuntu-System installiert. Bitte befolgen Sie die folgenden Anweisungen, um Firefox zu installieren. + + + +Installieren + +Das Installieren von Firefox wurde durch das Mozilla-Firefox-Installationsprogramm von Kubuntu deutlich vereinfacht. + + +Öffnen Sie das Mozilla-Firefox-Installationsprogramm, indem Sie Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenInternetMozilla-Firefox-Installationsprogramm auswählen. + + + +Folgen Sie den Anweisungen auf Ihrem Bildschirm, um Firefox zu installieren. + + + + + + + +Lesezeichen + + +Importieren + +Öffnen Sie Firefox, indem Sie Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeInternetWebbrowser auswählen. + + + +Öffnen Sie die Bibliothek, indem Sie LesezeichenLesezeichen verwalten... auswählen. + + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Importieren und Sichern und wählen Sie HTML importieren... aus dem Auswahlmenü aus. + + + +Falls ein anderer Browser, z.B. Opera, installiert ist, können im nächsten Schritt die Lesezeichen von dort importiert werden. Andernfalls wählen Sie Aus HTML-Datei aus und drücken Sie den Knopf Weiter. + + + +Wählen Sie den Speicherort Ihrer HTML-Lesezeichendatei und drücken Sie auf den Knopf Öffnen. + + + +Wenn Sie keine Fehlermeldungen angezeigt bekommen, wurden die Lesezeichen erfolgreich importiert. + + + +Schließen Sie die Anwendung Bibliothek. + + + + + +Exportieren + +Öffnen Sie Firefox, indem Sie Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterProgrammeInternetWebbrowser auswählen. + + + +Öffnen Sie die Bibliothek, indem Sie LesezeichenLesezeichen verwalten... auswählen. + + + +Drücken Sie den Knopf Importieren und Sichern und wählen Sie HTML exportieren... aus. + + + +Wählen Sie das Verzeichnis, in dem die Datei bookmarks.html gespeichert werden soll und klicken Sie auf Speichern. + + + + + + + + + + +E-Mail-Programme + +Unter Linux gibt es bei der Wahl des E-Mail-Clients viele Auswahlmöglichkeiten. Bei Kubuntu wird anfangs KMail verwendet, entweder als einzelne Anwendung oder als Teil des persönlichen Informationsmanagers Kontact. Andere beliebte E-Mail-Anwendungen sind unter Linux unter anderem Mozilla Thunderbird, Evolution, Mailody und auch Mutt, ein Befehlszeilen-Programm. + + +KMail +&menukontact; + +KMail ist die E-Mail-Komponente von Kontact, der persönlichen Informationsverwaltung von KDE. KMail selbst ähnelt vom Funktionsumfang anderen E-Mail-Anwendungen, während mit Kontact nicht nur persönliche Daten wie Kalender, Adressbücher, Notizen und Journale umfangreich verwaltet werden können, sondern darin auch ein RSS-Feed-Leser sowie eine Zeiterfassung und einfache Projektplanung enthalten sind. Die folgende Liste zeigt nur einen Teil des Funktionsumfangs von KMail: + +IMAP-, POP3- und SMTP-Unterstützung. + + + +Unterstützung von sicherem Anmelden mittels SSL, TLS und DIGEST-MD5. + + + +Unterstützung von PGP- und GnuPG-Signaturen und -Verschlüsselung. + + + +Lesen von HTML-Nachrichten, Spamfilter, interne Zeichensätze, Such- und Filterfunktionen, Rechtschreibprüfung und eine umfangreiche Suchfunktion. + + + +Weitere Informationen zu KMail und dessen Einrichtung können im KMail-Handbuch nachgelesen werden. Zur Benutzung von KMail innerhalb von Kontact, sehen Sie bitte auch im Kontact-Handbuch nach. + + + + + + + +Chat-Programme + +Das Chatten mit Freunden und Bekannten ist eine weit verbreitete Möglichkeit, das Internet zu nutzen. Kubuntu stellt die dafür nötigen Programme bereit: Die beiden vorinstallierten Chat-Programme sind Kopete für Sofortnachrichten (Instant Messaging) und Quassel für IRC-Chatkanäle (Internet Relay Chat). + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + +Kopete ist das Standardprogramm für Sofortnachrichten in KDE. Es bietet alle Funktionen, die auch in anderen bekannten Sofortnachrichtenprogrammen geboten werden. Mit Kopete können folgende Konten eingerichtet werden: +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN-Messenger +Yahoo! + + +Weitere Hilfe ist im Kopete-Handbuch zu finden. + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; +Quassel ist ein Client für IRC (Internet Relay Chat) für die KDE-Arbeitsumgebung mit demselben Funktionsumfang wie andere bekannte IRC-Clients. Beim Design von Quassel wurde auf die einfache Benutzbarkeit besonders Wert gelegt. Quassel unterstützt Unterfenster (mehrere Karteireiter) und Benachrichtigungen für Nachrichten und andere Ereignisse. +Weitere Hilfe finden Sie im Quassel-Handbuch. + + + + + +BitTorrent-Clients + +BitTorrent ist ein Ende-zu-Ende-Dateiübertragungsprotokoll (peer-to-peer) für das Verbreiten großer Datenmengen ohne zentrale Steuerung. Unter Kubuntu stehen mehrere BitTorrent-Clients zur Verfügung; KTorrent ist vorinstalliert. Andere quelloffene Clients sind unter anderem Azureus, BitTornado und BitTorrent selbst. Azureus, welches auf Java basiert, gehört zu den bekannteren unter ihnen. + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + +KTorrent ist eine BitTorrent-Anwendung, die speziell für KDE entwickelt wurde. Trotz umfangreichen Funktionsumfangs istKTorrent eine gut durchdachtes und schnelles Programm. Um KTorrent zu verwenden, laden Sie einfach eine .torrent-Datei herunter. KTorrent wird die Datei automatisch erkennen und den Download starten. Die Benutzung von KTorrent ist einfach und selbsterklärend. + + + + + + + +Installation von Plugins + +Folgen sie den untenstehenden Anweisungen, um Java- und Flash-Plugins zu installieren, oder installieren sie diese einfach zusammen mit anderen eingeschränkten Programmen für Kubuntu, indem sie das Paket kubuntu-restricted-extras dem System hinzufügen. + + +Java + + +Konqueror + +Dieser Abschnitt erklärt, wie Sie Java in Konqueror nutzen können. + + + +Schließen Sie Konqueror, falls dieser geöffnet ist. + + +Installieren Sie das Software-Paket sun-java6-jre. Weitere Hilfe bzgl. der Installation finden Sie in der Dokumentation unter Anwendungen hinzufügen. + + +Öffnen Sie den Konqueror und genießen Sie ihn. + + + + + +Firefox + +Dieser Abschnitt erklärt, wie Sie Java in Firefox auf 32-Bit-Systemen nutzen können. + + + +Schließen Sie Firefox, falls er geöffnet ist. + + +Installieren Sie das Paket sun-java6-plugin. Weitere Hilfe dazu finden Sie in der Dokumentation unter Anwendungen hinzufügen nach. + + +Starten Sie Firefox und genießen Sie ihn. + + + + + + + +Flash + +Der Adobe Flash Player kann für Konqueror oder Firefox durch Installation des Paketes flashplugin-nonfree installiert werden. Für Hilfe zur Installation lesen Sie bitte die Dokumentation zum Hinzufügen von Programmen. + +Zusätzlicher Schritt für Konqueror +Anstatt neu zu starten, damit Konqueror das neu installierte Plugin „sieht“, starten Sie einfach Konqueror neu, öffnen Sie die dessen Einstellungsmenü (Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenInternetWebbrowser und anschließend EinstellungenKonqueror einrichten …). Wählen Sie unten in der linken Seitenleiste Erweiterungen aus und anschließend rechts den Reiter Module. Drücken Sie den Knopf Nach Erweiterungen suchen und nach Abschluss der Suche OK. + + + + +Gnash + +Gnash ist eine freie und quelloffene Version des proprietären Adobe Flash Players. Es befindet sich momentan noch in der Beta-Phase und funktioniert auf vielen Seiten, die Flash nutzen, nicht richtig. + + +Gnash für Konqueror installieren + +Um Gnash für Konqueror zu benutzen, installieren Sie das Paket konqueror-plugin-gnash. Weitere Informationen dazu finden Sie im Dokumentationsabschnitt Anwendungen hinzufügen. Nach Abschluss der Installation starten Sie einfach Konqueror über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenInternetWebbrowser. + + + +Gnash für Firefox installieren + +Um Gnash für Firefox zu benutzen, installieren Sie das Paket mozilla-plugin-gnash. Weitere Informationen dazu finden Sie im Dokumentationsabschnitt Anwendungen hinzufügen. Nach Abschluss der Installation starten Sie einfach Firefox über Kickoff-AnwendungsstarterAnwendungenInternetWebbrowser. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/es/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/es/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/es/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/es/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,727 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Internet +&legalnotice; + +Este documento contiene información sobre las aplicaciones utilizadas para conectar a Internet. A los efectos de esta guía, el término Internet se refieren a los navegadores Web, clientes de correo electrónico, clientes de charla y los clientes de BitTorrent. + + + + + +Navegadores web + +El navegador predeterminado de Kubuntu es Konqueror. Para leer más acerca de Konqueror, revise el Manual de Konqueror . + +Hay muchos tipos diferentes de navegadores en los repositorios de Ubuntu. Desde navegadores basados en texto hasta los famosos navegadores Firefox y Opera, Kubuntu tiene cubierta la navegación. + + + +Konqueror + + + +Marcadores + + +Importar + +Abra Konqueror desde el Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetNavegador Web. + + +Abra el Editor de favoritos accediendo desde MarcadoresEditar favoritos. + + +En el Editor de marcadores, ir a ArchivoImportar. + +Opciones de importación +Se pueden importar los marcadores desde Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, así como marcadores de All Crash Session, seleccionando la opción correspondiente en el menú Importar. + + + +Seleccione la opción de importación que mejor se adapte a la situación y continuación, cierre el Editor de marcadores. + + + + +Exportar + +Abra Konqueror desde el Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetNavegador Web. + + +Abra el Editor de favoritos accediendo desde MarcadoresEditar favoritos. + + +En el Editor de marcadores, ir a ArchivoExportar. + +Opciones de exportación +Los marcadores de IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, o HTML pueden exportarse seleccionando la opción correspondiente en el menu Exportar . + + + +Seleccione la opción de exportación que mejor se adapte a la situación y continuación, cierre el Editor de marcadores. + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + +Firefox 3 es la tercera generación del galardonado navegador web creado por Mozilla. Firefox no se encuentra instalado por defecto en un sistema Kubuntu. Siga las instrucciones siguientes para instalar Firefox. + + + +Instalar + +Instalar Firefox se ha hecho más sencillo con el uso del Instalador de Firefox en Kubuntu. + + +Abra el Instalador de Firefox de Kubuntu yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetInstalador de Firefox de Kubuntu. + + + +Sigue las instrucciones en pantalla para instalar Firefox. + + + + + + + +Marcadores + + +Importar + +Abra Firefox yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff AplicacionesInternetNavegador Web. + + + +Abra el Administrador de favoritos desde MarcadoresAdministrar favoritos.... + + + +Pulse el botón Importar y copia de seguridad y seleccione Importar HTML... del menú desplegable. + + + +A continuación, si existe otro navegador instalado como Opera, se pueden importar los marcadores desde el mismo. De lo contrario, seleccione Desde un archivo HTML, y pulse el botón Siguiente. + + + +Seleccione la ubicación de su archivo HTML de marcadores y pulse el botón Abrir. + + + +Si no hay errores, entonces el proceso de importación de los marcadores se completó con éxito. + + + +Cierre la aplicación Administrar favoritos. + + + + + +Exportar + +Abra Firefox yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones Kickoff AplicacionesInternetNavegador Web. + + + +Abra el Administrador de favoritos desde MarcadoresAdministrar favoritos.... + + + +Pulse el botón Importar y copia de seguridad y seleccione Exportar HTML... en el menú desplegable. + + + +Elija el directorio donde debería guardarse bookmarks.html y pulse el botón Guardar. + + + + + + + + + + +Clientes de correo electrónico + +Existen muchas opciones de clientes de correo electrónico para sistemas Linux. Con Kubuntu, se presenta por defecto KMail, bien como un cliente independiente o como parte del administrador de información personal Kontact. Otros clientes de correo populares en Linux son Mozilla Thunderbird, Evolution, Mailody, e incluso Mutt, un cliente de correo basado en línea de órdenes. + + +KMail +&menukontact; + +KMail es el componente de correo electrónico de Kontact, el administrador de información personal de KDE. KMail ofrece una funcionalidad similar a la de otros programas de correo electrónico populares, mientras que Kontact se encuentra tan provisto de prestaciones como el mejor de los gestores de información personal, puesto que puede configurarse con calendarios, libretas de direcciones, notas, un lector de RSS, gestión de tiempo, diarios y planificación básica de proyectos. Las siguientes son sólo algunas de las características de KMail. + +Soporte para IMAP, POP3 y SMTP. + + + +Soporte para inicio de sesión seguro SSL, TLS, y DIGEST-MD5. + + + +Soporte para firmas y cifrado PGP y GnuPG. + + + +Lectura de correo HTML, filtro antispam, juegos de caracteres internos, funciones de búsqueda y filtrado, corrección ortográfica y búsqueda robusta. + + + +Puede encontrar más información sobre KMail y su configuración en El manual de KMail. Para la utilización de KMail dentro de Kontact, consulte también El manual de Kontact. + + + + + + + +Clientes de charla + +Charlar con los amigos y la familia constituye un uso popular de Internet y Kubuntu proporciona las aplicaciones necesarias. Existen dos clientes de chat principales en Kubuntu, Kopete para mensajería instantánea y Quassel para charlar en IRC (Internet Relay Chat). + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + +Kopete es el cliente de mensajería instantánea (IM) de KDE. Ofrece toda la funcionalidad de otros clientes de IM populares. Con Kopete, pueden configurarse cuentas para: +AIM (Mensajería instantánea AOL) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + +Más ayuda disponible en el Manual de Kopete. + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; +Quassel es un cliente IRC (Internet Relay Chat) para KDE. Proporciona funciones similares a otros clientes IRC populares. El diseño de Quassel enfatiza la facilidad de uso. Quassel incluye navegación por pestañas y notificaciones de mensajes y otros eventos. +Hay más ayuda disponible en Quassel Handbook. + + + + + +Clientes BitTorrent + +BitTorrent es un protocolo de distribución de archivos entre iguales para distribuir grandes cantidades de información sin un control centralizado. En Kubuntu existen varios clientes BitTorrent disponibles; KTorrent es la aplicación predeterminada. Otros clientes BitTorrent de código abierto son: Azureus, BitTornado, y el propio BitTorrent. Programado en Java, Azureus es uno de los clientes BitTorrent más populares. + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + +KTorrent es una aplicación BitTorrent específicamente diseñada para KDE. Cargado de prestaciones, KTorrent es una aplicación bien diseñada que es ligera en el sistema y rápida en Internet. Para utilizar KTorrent, simplemente descargue un archivo .torrent. KTorrent reconocerá automáticamente el archivo y comenzará la descarga. Usar KTorrent es sencillo y directo. + + + + + + + +Instalación de complemento + +Siga las instrucciones siguientes para instalar los complementos de Java y Flash, o simplemente instálelos junto con otras aplicaciones restringidas para Kubuntu instalando el paquete kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + +Java + + +Konqueror + +Esta sección explica el procedimiento de configuración de Konqueror para usar Java. + + + +Cierre Konqueror si está abierto. + + +Instale el paquete sun-java6-jre. Si necesita ayuda con la instalación, vea la documentación de como añadir aplicaciones. + + +Arranque Konqueror y disfrute. + + + + + +Firefox + +Esta sección explica el procedimiento para configurar Firefox para usar Java en sistemas de 32-bit. + + + +Cierre Firefox si está abierto. + + +Instale el paquete sun-java6-plugin. Si necesita ayuda con la instalación, por favor vea la documentación de como Agregar aplicaciones. + + +Ejecute Firefox y disfrute. + + + + + + + +Flash + +Adobe Flash Player puede instalarse para Konqueror o Firefox instalando el paquete flashplugin-nonfree. Para obtener ayuda con la instalación, revise la documentación Añadir aplicaciones. + +Paso adicional de Konqueror +En lugar de reiniciar el equipo para que Konqueror vea el nuevo complemento instalado, sencillamente reinicie Konqueror y a continuación vaya a su configuración (Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetNavegador web). Descienda en el panel izquierdo hasta el icono Complementos. En el diálogo de configuración, pulse el botón Buscar nuevos complementos. Cuando haya terminado, pulse el botón Aceptar. + + + + +Gnash + +Gnash es la versión de software libre y de código abierto del propietario Adobe Flash Player. Actualmente se encuentra en versión beta y aún no funciona adecuadamente con muchos sitios que utilizan Flash. + + +Instalar Gnash para Konqueror + +Para usar Gnash para Konqueror, instalar el paquete konqueror-plugin-gnash. Para obtener ayuda sobre la instalación, consulte la documentación Añadir aplicaciones. Después de completar la instalación inicie Konqueror yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetNavegador Web. + + + +Instalar Gnash para Firefox + +Para utilizar Gnash para Firefox, instale el paquete mozilla-plugin-gnash. Para obtener ayuda con la instalación, consulte la documentación Añadir aplicaciones. Cuando la instalación se haya completado, simplemente inicie Firefox yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesInternetNavegador web. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/et/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/et/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/et/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/et/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,868 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Internet +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information on the applications used to connectbto the +Internet. For the purpose of this guide, the term Internet +will relate to Web browsers, Email clients, chat clients, and BitTorrent +clients. + + + + + + +Veebibrauserid + +Kubuntu vaikimisi veebibrauser on Konqueror. Rohkema info saamiseks Konquerori kohta vaata Konquerori käsiraamatut. + + +There are many different types of web browsers located in the Ubuntu +repositories. From text-based browsers to the famous +Firefox and Opera +browsers, Kubuntu has browsing covered. + + + + +Konqueror + + + +Järjehoidjad + + +Importimine + +Ava Konqueror, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetVeebibrauser. + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileImport. + + +Importimise valikud + +Bookmarks can be imported from Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, +KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, as well as All Crash Session bookmarks by selecting the +corresponding choice in the Import menu. + + + + +Vali importimise valik, mis kõige rohkem sobib sinu situatsiooniga ning seejärel sulge Järjehoidja redaktor. + + + + +Eksporditakse + +Ava Konqueror, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetVeebibrauser. + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileExport. + + +Eksportimise valikud +IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, või HTML järjehoidjaid saab eksportida valides vastava valiku guilabel>Eksportimise + + + +Vali eksportimise valik, mis sulle kõige paremini sobib ning sulge seejärel Järjehoidja redaktor. + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + + +Firefox 3 is the third generation award-winning Web +browser created by Mozilla. Firefox is not installed +by default on a Kubuntu system. Please follow the directions below to install +Firefox. + + + + +Paigaldamine + +Firefoxi paigaldamine on tehtud palju lihtsamaks Kubuntu Firefox paigaldaja abil. + + +Ava Kubuntu Firefox paigaldaja, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetKubuntu Firefox paigaldaja. + + + +Jälgi Firefoxi paigaldamiseks ekraanil olevaid juhiseid. + + + + + + + +Järjehoidjad + + +Importimine + +Ava Firefox, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetVeebibrauser. + + + +Ava Järjehoidjate haldur, minnes JärjehoidjadJärjehoidjate korraldamine.... + + + +Vajuta Importimise ja varundamise nuppu ning vali rippmenüüst HTMLi importimine.... + + + + +Next, if there is another browser installed such as +Opera, bookmarks can be imported from there. If +not, select From an HTML file, and press the +Next button. + + + + +Vali HTMLi failist oma järjehoidjate asukoht ning vajuta Ava nuppu. + + + +Kui veateadet ei ilmu, siis oli järjehoidjate importimine edukas. + + + +Sulge Järjehoidjate haldur. + + + + + +Eksporditakse + +Ava Firefox, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetVeebibrauser. + + + +Ava Järjehoidjate haldur, minnes JärjehoidjadJärjehoidjate korraldamine.... + + + +Vajuta Importimise ja varundamise nuppu ning vali rippmenüüst HTMLi eksportimine.... + + + + +Select the directory where bookmarks.html should be saved, +and press the Save button. + + + + + + + + + + + +E-posti kliendid + + +There are many options when it comes to email clients for Linux +systems. With Kubuntu, KMail is presented by +default, either as a standalone client or as part of the +Kontact personal information manager. Other popular +Linux email clients include Mozilla Thunderbird, +Evolution, Mailody, and +even Mutt, a command line email client. + + + +KMail +&menukontact; + + +KMail is the email component of +Kontact, the KDE personal information manager. +KMail by itself is similar in functionality to other +popular email programs, while Kontact +is as full featured as the fanciest personal information managers, as +it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time +tracking, journals, and simple project planning. The following are just some of +the features of KMail. + + +IMAP, POP3 ja SMTP tugi. + + + +SSL, TLS, ja DIGEST-MD5 turvalise sisselogimise tugi. + + + +PGP ja GnuPG allkirja ja krüpteerimise tugi. + + + + +HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, +search and filter functions, spell checking, and robust searching. + + + + + + +More information on KMail and configuration can be +located in The KMail Handbook. For +the use of KMail within +Kontact, also refer to The Kontact Handbook. + + + + + + + + +Kiirsuhtluse kliendid + + +Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the Internet, and Kubuntu +provides the necessary applications. There are two main chat clients in +Kubuntu, Kopete for instant messaging and +Quassel for chatting on IRC +(Internet Relay Chat). + + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + + +Kopete is the KDE instant messaging +(IM) client. It provides all of the functionality of other +popular IM clients. With Kopete, +accounts can be set up for: + +AIM (AOL kiirsuhtlusrakendus) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + + +Rohkem abi on saadaval Kopete käsiraamatus. + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; + +Quassel is a KDE IRC +(Internet Relay Chat) client. It provides functions similar to those of other +popular IRC clients. The Quassel design emphasizes ease of +use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other +events. + +Rohkema abiteabe leiad Quassel käsiraamatust. + + + + + +BitTorrent kliendid + + +BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file distribution protocol for distributing large +amounts of data without centralized control. There are several BitTorrent +clients available for use in Kubuntu; KTorrent is +the default application. Other open source BitTorrent clients include: +Azureus, BitTornado, and +BitTorrent itself. Java-based +Azureus is one of the more popular BitTorrent +clients. + + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + + +KTorrent is a BitTorrent application designed +specifically for KDE. Loaded with features, KTorrent +is a well-designed application that is light on the system and fast +on the Internet. To use KTorrent, simply download a +.torrent file. KTorrent will +automatically recognize the file and start the download. Using +KTorrent is simple and straightforward. + + + + + + + + +Plugin Installation + + +Follow the instructions below to install Java and Flash plugins, or simply +install them along with other restricted applications for Kubuntu by +installing the package kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + + +Java + + +Konqueror + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Konqueror to utilize Java. + + + + +Sulge Konqueror, kui see on avatud. + + +Paigalda sun-java6-jre pakett. Paigalduse kohta abi saamiseks vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni. + + + +Start up Konqueror and enjoy. + + + + + + +Firefox + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Firefox to use Java +on 32-bit systems. + + + + +Sulge Firefox, kui see on avatud. + + +Paigalda sun-java6-plugin pakett. Paigalduse kohta abi saamiseks vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni. + + + +Start up Firefox and enjoy. + + + + + + + + +Flash + + +The Adobe Flash Player can be installed for +Konqueror or Firefox by +installing the flashplugin-nonfree package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + +Konqueror's extra step + +Instead of rebooting in order to get Konqueror to +see the newly installed plugin, simple restart +Konqueror and then go into its configuration +(Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser). Scroll down in the left panel to the Plugins +icon. In the configuration dialog, press the Scan for New +Plugins button. When finished, press the OK +button. + + + + + +Gnash + + +Gnash is the free and open source software version of +the proprietary Adobe Flash Player. It is currently +in a beta version and doesn't work properly with many +websites that use Flash. + + + +Gnash paigaldamine Konquerori jaoks + + +To use the Gnash for Konqueror, install the +konqueror-plugin-gnash package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete simply start +Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Gnash paigaldamine Firefoxile + +Gnash kasutamiseks Firefoxis paigalda mozilla-plugin-gnash pakett. Paigaldamise kohta abi saamiseks vaata Rakenduste lisamise dokumentatsiooni. Peale paigaldamise lõpetamist käivita Firefox, minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedInternetVeebibrauser. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/fr/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/fr/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/fr/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/fr/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,938 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Internet +&legalnotice; + +Ce document contient des informations sur les applications utilisées pour se connecter à Internet. dans ce guide, le terme Internet portera sur les navigateurs Web, clients de messagerie, clients de messagerie instantanée et sur les clients BitTorrent. + + + + + +Navigateurs Web + +Le navigateur Web par défaut pour Kubuntu est Konqueror. Pour en savoir plus sur Konqueror, veuillez lire le Manuel de Konqueror. + + +There are many different types of web browsers located in the Ubuntu +repositories. From text-based browsers to the famous +Firefox and Opera +browsers, Kubuntu has browsing covered. + + + + +Konqueror + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileImport. + + +Options d'import + +Bookmarks can be imported from Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, +KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, as well as All Crash Session bookmarks by selecting the +corresponding choice in the Import menu. + + + + + +Select the import option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileExport. + + +Options d’exportation + +IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, or HTML bookmarks can be exported by selecting +the corresponding choice in the Export menu. + + + + + +Select the export option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + + +Firefox 3 is the third generation award-winning Web +browser created by Mozilla. Firefox is not installed +by default on a Kubuntu system. Please follow the directions below to install +Firefox. + + + + +Installing + + +Installing Firefox was made easier by the use of the +Kubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + +Open Kubuntu Firefox Installer by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetKubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + +Suivez les instructions qui s'affichent à l'écran pour installer Firefox. + + + + + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Import HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Next, if there is another browser installed such as +Opera, bookmarks can be imported from there. If +not, select From an HTML file, and press the +Next button. + + + + + +Select the location of your bookmarks HTML file and then +press the Open button. + + + + + +If there are no error messages, then the import of the bookmarks was +successful. + + + + + +Close the Bookmarks Manager application. + + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Export HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Select the directory where bookmarks.html should be saved, +and press the Save button. + + + + + + + + + + + +Email Clients + + +There are many options when it comes to email clients for Linux +systems. With Kubuntu, KMail is presented by +default, either as a standalone client or as part of the +Kontact personal information manager. Other popular +Linux email clients include Mozilla Thunderbird, +Evolution, Mailody, and +even Mutt, a command line email client. + + + +KMail +&menukontact; + + +KMail is the email component of +Kontact, the KDE personal information manager. +KMail by itself is similar in functionality to other +popular email programs, while Kontact +is as full featured as the fanciest personal information managers, as +it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time +tracking, journals, and simple project planning. The following are just some of +the features of KMail. + + + +IMAP, POP3 and SMTP +support. + + + + + +SSL, TLS, and DIGEST-MD5 secure logon +support. + + + + + +PGP and GnuPG signatures and encryption +support. + + + + + +HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, +search and filter functions, spell checking, and robust searching. + + + + + + +More information on KMail and configuration can be +located in The KMail Handbook. For +the use of KMail within +Kontact, also refer to The Kontact Handbook. + + + + + + + + +Chat Clients + + +Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the Internet, and Kubuntu +provides the necessary applications. There are two main chat clients in +Kubuntu, Kopete for instant messaging and +Quassel for chatting on IRC +(Internet Relay Chat). + + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + + +Kopete is the KDE instant messaging +(IM) client. It provides all of the functionality of other +popular IM clients. With Kopete, +accounts can be set up for: + +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + + + +More help is available in the Kopete +Handbook. + + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; + +Quassel is a KDE IRC +(Internet Relay Chat) client. It provides functions similar to those of other +popular IRC clients. The Quassel design emphasizes ease of +use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other +events. + + +More help is available in the Quassel Handbook. + + + + + + +BitTorrent Clients + + +BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file distribution protocol for distributing large +amounts of data without centralized control. There are several BitTorrent +clients available for use in Kubuntu; KTorrent is +the default application. Other open source BitTorrent clients include: +Azureus, BitTornado, and +BitTorrent itself. Java-based +Azureus is one of the more popular BitTorrent +clients. + + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + + +KTorrent is a BitTorrent application designed +specifically for KDE. Loaded with features, KTorrent +is a well-designed application that is light on the system and fast +on the Internet. To use KTorrent, simply download a +.torrent file. KTorrent will +automatically recognize the file and start the download. Using +KTorrent is simple and straightforward. + + + + + + + + +Plugin Installation + + +Follow the instructions below to install Java and Flash plugins, or simply +install them along with other restricted applications for Kubuntu by +installing the package kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + + +Java + + +Konqueror + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Konqueror to utilize Java. + + + + + +Close Konqueror if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-jre package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Konqueror and enjoy. + + + + + + +Firefox + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Firefox to use Java +on 32-bit systems. + + + + + +Close Firefox if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-plugin package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Firefox and enjoy. + + + + + + + + +Flash + + +The Adobe Flash Player can be installed for +Konqueror or Firefox by +installing the flashplugin-nonfree package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + +Konqueror's extra step + +Instead of rebooting in order to get Konqueror to +see the newly installed plugin, simple restart +Konqueror and then go into its configuration +(Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser). Scroll down in the left panel to the Plugins +icon. In the configuration dialog, press the Scan for New +Plugins button. When finished, press the OK +button. + + + + + +Gnash + + +Gnash is the free and open source software version of +the proprietary Adobe Flash Player. It is currently +in a beta version and doesn't work properly with many +websites that use Flash. + + + +Install Gnash for Konqueror + + +To use the Gnash for Konqueror, install the +konqueror-plugin-gnash package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete simply start +Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Install Gnash for Firefox + + +To use Gnash for Firefox, +install the mozilla-plugin-gnash package. For +help with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete, simply start +Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/it/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/it/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/it/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/it/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,727 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Internet +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento contiene informazioni sulle applicazioni usate per collegarsi a Internet. Per lo scopo di questa guida, il termine Internet sarà collegato ai browser web, i programmi di posta elettronica e i client BitTorrent. + + + + + +Browser web + +Il browser web predefinito per Kubuntu è Konqueror. Per maggiori informazioni su Konqueror, consultate il Manuale di Konqueror. + +Esistono molti tipi diversi di browser web nei depositi di Ubuntu. Da quelli basati su testo ai famosi Firefox e Opera, la navigazione su Internet in Kubuntu è garantita. + + + +Konqueror + + + +Segnalibri + + +Importare + +Aprite Konqueror da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web. + + +Aprite l'Editor dei segnalibri da SegnalibriModifica segnalibri. + + +Nell'Editor dei segnalibri, andate in FileImporta. + +Opzioni di importazione +I segnalibri possono essere importati da Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, così come tutte le sessioni di crash, selezionando la voce corrispondente nel menu Importa. + + + +Selezionate l'opzione di importazione che meglio si adatta alla situazione, poi chiudete l'Editor dei segnalibri. + + + + +Esportare + +Aprite Konqueror da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web. + + +Aprite l'Editor dei segnalibri da SegnalibriModifica segnalibri. + + +Nell'Editor dei segnalibri, andate in FileEsporta. + +Opzioni di esportazione +Possono essere esportati segnalibri di Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, o in HTML, selezionando la voce corrispondente nel menu Esporta. + + + +Selezionate l'opzione di esportazione che meglio si adatta alla situazione, poi chiudete l'Editor dei segnalibri. + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + +Firefox 3 è la terza generazione del pluripremiato browser web creato da Mozilla. Firefox per impostazione predefinita non è installato nel sistema Kubuntu. Seguite le istruzioni prima di installare Firefox. + + + +Installare + +L'installazione di Firefox è stata resa più semplice con l'uso dell'Installatore di Firefox per Kubuntu. + + +Aprite l'Installatore del browser Mozilla Firefox da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetInstallatore del browser Mozilla Firefox. + + + +Seguite le istruzioni a video per installare Firefox. + + + + + + + +Segnalibri + + +Importare + +Aprite Firefox da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web. + + + +Aprite il gestore dei segnalibri da SegnalibriOrganizza i segnalibri.... + + + +Premete il pulsante Importa e salva e selezionate Importa HTML... dal menu a discesa. + + + +Se avete installato un altro browser, tipo Opera, i segnalibri possono essere importati da lì. In caso contrario, selezionate Da un file HTML e premete il pulsante Avanti. + + + +Selezionate la posizione del file HTML dei segnalibri, poi premete il pulsante Apri. + + + +Se non appaiono messaggi di errore, l'importazione dei segnalibri è avvenuta correttamente. + + + +Chiudete l'applicazione del gestore dei segnalibri. + + + + + +Esportare + +Aprite Firefox da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web. + + + +Aprite il gestore dei segnalibri da SegnalibriOrganizza i segnalibri.... + + + +Premete il pulsante Importa e salva e selezionate Esporta HTML... dal menu a discesa. + + + +Selezionate la directory dove volete salvare bookmarks.html, poi premete il pulsante Salva. + + + + + + + + + + +Programmi di posta elettronica + +Esistono numerose alternative quando si parla di programmi di posta elettronica per sistemi Linux. In Kubuntu, è KMail l'opzione predefinita, sia esso visto come programma indipendente, sia facente parte del gestore delle informazioni personali Kontact. Altri programmi di posta elettronica popolari per Linux sono Mozilla Thunderbird, Evolution, Mailody e persino Mutt, un programma di posta elettronica a riga di comando. + + +KMail +&menukontact; + +KMail è il componente di posta elettronica di Kontact, il gestore di informazioni personali di KDE. KMail in sé è simile nelle funzioni ad altri popolari programmi di posta elettronica, mentre Kontact è un gestore di infomazioni personali completo tanto quanto i programmi più avanzati, dato che può essere configurato con calendari, rubriche degli indirizzi, note, un lettore RSS, la gestione del tempo, diari e un semplice pianificatore di progetti. Presentiamo, di seguito, solo alcune delle caratteristiche di KMail. + +Supporto IMAP, POP3 e SMTP. + + + +Supporto agli algoritmi di accesso sicuro SSL, TLS e DIGEST-MD5. + + + +Supporto delle firme e della cifratura PGP e GnuPG. + + + +Lettura HTML, filtraggio dello spam, set interni di caratteri, funzioni di filtraggio e ricerca, controllo ortografico e potente funzione di ricerca. + + + +Maggiori informazioni su KMail e sulla sua configurazione si possono trovare nel Manuale di KMail. Per il suo uso all'interno di Kontact, fate riferimento anche al Manuale di Kontact. + + + + + + + +Programmi per la messaggistica istantanea (chat) + +Conversare con gli amici e la famiglia è un'abitudine comune in Internet: Kubuntu fornisce le applicazioni necessarie. Esistono due programmi principali per la chat in Kubuntu, Kopete per la messaggistica istantanea e Quassel per IRC (Internet Relay Chat). + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + +Kopete è il programma di messaggeria istantanea (IM) di KDE. Fornisce tutte le funzionalità degli altri popolari client IM. In Kopete possono essere impostati gli account per: +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +Messenger MSN +Yahoo + + +Ulteriori informazioni sono disponibili nel Manuale di Kopete. + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; +Quassel è il programma di IRC (Internet Relay Chat) di KDE. Fornisce funzioni simili a quelle degli altri popolari client IRC. La progettazione di Quassel enfatizza la semplicità di utilizzo. Quassel include la navigazione a schede, la notifica di messaggi e altri eventi. +Per ulteriori informazioni è disponibile il Manuale di Quassel. + + + + + +Client BitTorrent + +BitTorrent è un protocollo di scambio paritario di file per la distribuzione di grandi quantità di dati senza controllo centralizzato. Esistono diversi client BitTorrent disponibili all'uso in Kubuntu; KTorrent è l'applicazione predefinita. Altri client BitTorrent open source includono Azureus, BitTornado e lo stesso BitTorrent. Azureus, basato su Java, è uno tra i client BitTorrent più popolari. + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + +KTorrent è un'applicazione BitTorrent specifica per KDE. Ricca di caratteristiche, KTorrent è ben progettata per essere leggera nel sistema e veloce in Internet. Per utilizzare KTorrent, basta scaricare un file .torrent. KTorrent lo riconoscerà automaticamente e inizierà lo scaricamento. L'uso di KTorrent è semplice e chiaro. + + + + + + + +Installazione di estensioni + +Seguite le istruzioni qui sotto per installare le estensioni Java e Flash, oppure installatele semplicemente insieme con altre applicazioni proprietarie per Kubuntu, installando il pacchetto kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + +Java + + +Konqueror + +Questa sezione spiega la procedura per impostare Konqueror a utilizzare Java. + + + +Chiudete Konqueror se è in esecuzione. + + +Installate il pacchetto sun-java6-jre. Per informazioni sull'installazione consultate la documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni. + + +Avviate Konqueror e buon divertimento! + + + + + +Firefox + +Questa sezione spiega la procedura per impostare Firefox a usare Java sui sistemi a 32 bit. + + + +Chiudete Firefox se è aperto. + + +Installate il pacchetto sun-java6-plugin. Per un aiuto sull'installazione, consultate la documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni. + + +Avviate Firefox e buon divertimento! + + + + + + + +Flash + +Adobe Flash Player può essere installato per Konqueror o Firefox installando il pacchetto flashplugin-nonfree. Per un aiuto sull'installazione, consultate la documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni. + +Passaggio aggiuntivo di Konqueror +Anziché riavviare per far sì che Konqueror riconosca la nuova estensione installata, riavviate semplicemente Konqueror, poi andate nella sua configurazione (Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web). Scorrete in basso nel pannello sinistro fino all'icona Estensioni. Nella finestra di configurazione, premete il pulsante Cerca estensioni. Una volta finito, premete il pulsante OK. + + + + +Gnash + +Gnash è una versione libera e open source del software proprietario Adobe Flash Player. È ancora in una versione beta e non funziona correttamente con molti siti web che utilizzano Flash. + + +Installare Gnash per Konqueror + +Per usare la versione Gnash per Konqueror, installate il pacchetto konqueror-plugin-gnash. Per un aiuto sull'installazione, consultate la documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni . Dopo aver completato l'installazione, avviate Konqueror da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web. + + + +Installare Gnash per Firefox + +Per usare la versione Gnash per Firefox, installate il pacchetto mozilla-plugin-gnash. Per un aiuto sull'installazione, consultate la documentazione Aggiungere, rimuovere e aggiornare le applicazioni . Dopo aver completato l'installazione, avviate Firefox da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniInternetBrowser Web. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/km/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/km/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/km/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/km/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,727 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +អ៊ីនធឺណិត +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​មាន​ព័ត៌មាន​ទាក់​ទង​​​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ប្រើ​សម្រាប់​តភ្ជាប់​ទៅ​កាន់​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​ ។ សម្រាប់​គោល​បំណង​នៃ​មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍​នេះ ពាក្យ​ថា​ អ៊ីនធឺណិត​ នឹង​សំដៅ​ទៅ​លើ​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ ដូច​ជា​កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល កម្មវិធី​ជជែក​កំសាន្ត និង​កម្មវិធី​ BitTorrent ​។ + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ + +កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​លំនាំដើម​សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ គឺ​ Konqueror ។ ដើម្បី​អាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ Konqueror សូម​មើល​ សៀវភៅ​ដៃ​របស់ Konqueror ។ + +មាន​​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ជា​ច្រើន​ប្រភេទ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ឃ្លាំង​របស់​អ៊ូប៊ុនទូ ។ គូប៊ុនទូ​ មាន​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​ជា​ច្រើន ដោយ​រាប់​ចាប់​ពី​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​ដែល​មាន​មូល​ដ្ឋាន​លើ​អត្ថបទ​រហូត​ដល់​កម្មវិធីរុក​រក​​ Firefox និង​ Opera ដ៏​ល្បី​ ។ + + + +Konqueror + + + +ចំណាំ + + +នាំ​ចូល + +បើក​ Konqueror ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ ។ + + +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ចំណាំ​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ។ + + +ក្នុង​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឯកសារ​នាំ​ចូល​ ។ + +ជម្រើស​នាំ​ចូល +ចំណាំ​អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​នាំ​ចូល​ពី​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​ដូច​ជា​ Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, KDE2/KDE3, Galeon ព្រម​ទាំង​ចំណាំ​សម័យ​ដែល​គាំង​ទាំងអស់​ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​ដែល​ត្រូវ​គ្នា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ម៉ឺនុយ​ នាំ​ចូល​ ។ + + + +ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​នាំ​ចូល​ដែល​សាក​សម​នឹង​ស្ថាន​ភាព​បំផុត​ រួច​បិទ​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ។ + + + + +នាំ​ចេញ + +បើក​ Konqueror ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ ។ + + +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ចំណាំ​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ។ + + +ក្នុង​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ឯកសារ​នាំ​ចេញ​ ។ + +ជម្រើស​នាំ​ចេញ +អាច​នាំ​ចេញ​ចំណាំ​ IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape ឬ​ HTML ​បាន​ ដោយ​ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​ដែល​ត្រូវ​គ្នា​នៅ​ក្នុង​ម៉ឺនុយ​ នាំ​ចេញ​ ។ + + + +ជ្រើស​ជម្រើស​ដែល​សាក​សម​នឹង​ស្ថាន​ភាព​បំផុត​ រួច​បិទ​ កម្មវិធី​កែ​សម្រួល​ចំណាំ​ ។ + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + +Firefox 3 ជា​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ដែល​ទទួល​បាន​ពាន​រង្វាន់​ជំនាន់​ទី​បីរដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​បង្កើត​ឡើង​ដោយ​ Mozilla ។ Firefox មិន​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​​ ទេ ។ សូម​ធ្វើ​តាម​ការណែនាំ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ Firefox ។ + + + +ដំឡើង + +ការដំឡើង​ Firefox មាន​ភាព​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ជាង​មុន​ ដោយ​ប្រើ​ កម្មវិធី​ដំឡើង Kubuntu Firefox ។ + + +បើក​​ កម្មវិធី​ដំឡើង​ Kubuntu Firefox ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការរបស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​ដំឡើង​ Kubuntu Firefox ។ + + + +ធ្វើ​តាម​សេចក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​នៅ​លើ​អេក្រង់ ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​ Firefox ។ + + + + + + + +ចំណាំ + + +នាំ​ចូល + +បើក​ Firefox ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ ។ + + + +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ចំណាំ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ចំណាំ​រៀប​ចំ​ចំណាំ​... ។ + + + +ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ នាំ​ចូល និង​ បម្រុង​ទុក​ រួច​ជ្រើស​ នាំ​ចូល​ HTML... ពី​ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ​ ។ + + + +បន្ទាប់​មក បើ​មាន​កម្មវិធី​​រុក​រក​មួយ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង ដូច​ជា​ Opera ចំណាំ​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​នាំ​ចូល​ពី​ទីនោះ ។ បើ​អត់​ទេ ជ្រើស​ ពី​ឯកសារ​ HTML រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ បន្ទាប់​ ។ + + + +ជ្រើសទីតាំង​​ឯកសារ​ HTML របស់​ចំណាំ​ រួច​ចុច​ប៊ុតុង​ បើក​ + + + +បើ​គ្មាន​សារ​កំហុស​ទេ ការនាំ​ចូល​ចំណាំ​ពិត​ជា​បាន​ទទួល​ជោគ​ជ័យ ។ + + + +បិទ​កម្មវិធី​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ចំណាំ ។ + + + + + +នាំ​ចេញ + +បើក​ Firefox ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ ។ + + + +បើក​ កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ចំណាំ​ ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ ចំណាំ​រៀប​ចំ​ចំណាំ​... ។ + + + +ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ នាំ​ចូល និង​ បម្រុង​ទុក​ រួច​ជ្រើស​ នាំ​ចេញ​ HTML... ពី​ម៉ឺនុយ​ទម្លាក់​ចុះ ។ + + + +ជ្រើស​ថត​ដែល​ត្រូវ​រក្សា​ទុក​ bookmarks.html រួច​ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ រក្សា​ទុក​ ។ + + + + + + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល + +មាន​ជម្រើស​ជា​ច្រើន នៅ​ពេល​វា​ចូល​ទៅ​ដល់​កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល​សម្រាប់​ប្រព័ន្ធ​លីនុច​ ។ ជា​មួយ​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ KMail នឹងត្រូវ​​បង្ហាញ​តាម​លំនាំ​ដើម​ ជា​កម្មវិធី​ឈរ​តែ​ឯង និង​ជា​ផ្នែក​នៃ​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ព័ត៌មាន​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​​ Kontact ។ កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​របស់​លីនុច​រួម​មាន​ Mozilla Thunderbird, Evolution, Mailody ព្រម​ទាំង​ Mutt ដែល​ជា​កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល​របស់​បន្ទាត់​ពាក្យ​បញ្ជា ។ + + +KMail +&menukontact; + +KMail ជា​សមាស​ភាគ​អ៊ីមែល​របស់​ Kontact ដែល​ជា​កម្មវិធី​គ្រប់​គ្រង​ព័ត៌មាន​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​របស់​ KDE ។ KMail ផ្ទាល់​មាន​មុខងារ​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​អ៊ីមែល​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​ផ្សេង​ទៀត ប៉ុន្តែ​​ Kontact មាន​លក្ខណៈ​ពិសេស​ពេញ​លេញ​ដូច​កម្មវិធីគ្រប់​គ្រង​ព័ត៌មាន​ផ្ទាល់​ខ្លួន​ដែរ​ ដោយ​សារ​តែអាច​កំណត់​​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធវា​​ជា​មួយ​ប្រក្រតិទិន សៀវ​ភៅ​អាសយដ្ឋាន ចំណាំ កម្មវិធី​អាន RSS ការ​តាម​ដាន​ពេល​វេលា ទិន្នានុប្បវត្តិ និង​ផែនការគម្រោង​ធម្មតាបាន​ ។ ខាង​ក្រោម​នេះ​គ្រាន់​តែ​ជា​លក្ខណពិសេស​មួយ​ចំនួន​របស់​ KMailតែ​ប៉ុណ្ណោះ​ ។ + +ការគាំ​ទ្រ​IMAP, POP3 និង​ SMTP ។ + + + +ការគាំ​ទ្រ​ការ​ចូល​​SSL, TLS និង​ DIGEST-MD5 ដែល​មាន​សុវត្ថិភាព​ ។ + + + +ការគាំទ្រការ​អ៊ិនគ្រីប​ និង​ហត្ថលេខា​PGP និង​ GnuPG ។ + + + +ការ​អាន​​HTML ការត្រង​សារ​ឥត​បាន​ការ សំណុំ​តួអក្សរ​ខាង​ក្នុង មុខងារ​ស្វែង​រក និង​ត្រង ការពិនិត្យ​អក្ខរាវិរុទ្ធ និង​ការស្វែងរកទាំង​ស្រុង​ ។ + + + +ព័ត៌មាន​បន្ថែម​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ KMail និង​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ KMail ។ ចំពោះ​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ KMail នៅ​ក្នុង​ Kontact សូម​យោង​ទៅ​កាន់​​ សៀវភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ Kontact ផង​ដែរ ។ + + + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​ជជែក​កំសាន្ត + +ការជជែក​កំសាន្ត​ជា​មួយ​ក្រុម​គ្រួសារ និង​មិត្តភ័ក្ត្រ​គឺ​ជា​ការប្រើប្រាស់​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​ ចំនែក​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ នឹង​ផ្តល់​ឲ្យ​អ្នក​នូវ​កម្មវិធី​ចាំបាច់​​មួយ​ចំនួន​ ។ មាន​កម្មវិធី​ជជែក​កំសាន្ត​សំខាន់ពីរ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូគឺ​ Kopete សម្រាប់​ការ​ផ្ញើសារ​បន្ទាន់ និង​ Quassel សម្រាប់​ការជជែក​កំសាន្ត​តាម​ IRC (Internet Relay Chat) ។ + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + +Kopete ជា​កម្មវិធី​ផ្ញើ​សារ​បន្ទាន់​ (IM) របស់ KDE ។ វា​ផ្តល់​នូវ​មុខងារ​ទាំង​អស់​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ IM ដែល​ពេញ​និយម​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ ។ ជា​មួយ​ Kopete គណនី​អាច​នឹង​ត្រូវ​បាន​រៀប​ចំ​សម្រាប់​ ៖ +AIM (កម្ម​វិធី​ផ្ញើ​សារ​បន្ទាន់ AOL) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +កម្មវិធី​ផ្ញើសារ MSN +Yahoo + + +ជំនួយ​បន្ថែម​ទៀត​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ Kopete ។ + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; +Quassel ជា​កម្មវិធី​ IRC (Internet Relay Chat) របស់ KDE ។ វា​ផ្តល់​នូវ​មុខងារ​ដែល​ស្រដៀង​គ្នា​នឹង​កម្មវិធី​ IRC ដ៏​ពេញ​និយម​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ ។ ការរចនា​ Quassel សង្កត់​ធ្ងន់​ទៅ​លើ​ភាព​ស្រួល​ប្រើ ។ Quassel រូម​មានការរុក​រក​តាម​ផ្ទាំង​ ការ​ជូនដំណឹង​អំពីសារ ព្រម​ទាំងព្រឹត្តិការណ៍​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ទៀត ។ +ជំនួយ​អាច​មាន​នៅ​ក្នុង​ សៀវ​ភៅ​ដៃ​របស់​ Quassel ។ + + + + + +កម្មវិធី​ BitTorrent + +BitTorrent ជា​ពិធីការ​ចែកចាយ​ឯកសារ​ពី​ម៉ាស៊ីនមួយ​ទៅ​ម៉ាស៊ីន​មួយ​ទៀត​សម្រាប់​ការចែកចាយ​ទិន្នន័យ​មួយ​ចំនួន​ធំ​ដោយ​គ្មាន​ការគ្រប់​គ្រង​ថ្នាក់​កណ្តាល​ ។ មាន​កម្មវិធី​ BitTorrent មួយ​ចំនួន​ដែល​អាច​មាន​សម្រាប់​ប្រើ​នៅ​ក្នុង​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ KTorrent គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​លំនាំ​ដើម ។ កម្មវិធី​ BitTorrent របស់​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​រួម​មាន​ ៖ Azureus BitTornado និង​ BitTorrent ខ្លួន​​វា​ផ្ទាល់​ ។ Azureus ដែល​មាន​មូល​ដ្ឋាន​លើ​ Java គឺ​ជា​កម្មវិធី​ BitTorrent មួយ​ដែល​ពេញ​និយម​ជាង​គេ​ក្នុង​ចំណោម​កម្មវិធី​ទាំង​ឡាយ ។ + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + +KTorrent ជា​កម្មវិធី​ BitTorrent ដែល​ត្រូវ​បាន​រចនា​ឡើង​ជា​ពិសេស​សម្រាប់​ KDE ។ ផ្ទុក​ដោយ​លក្ខណ​ពិសេស​ KTorrent ជា​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​ត្រូវ​បានរចនា​ឡើង​បាន​យ៉ាង​ល្អ​ដោយ​មាន​ទម្ងន់​ស្រាល​នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ និង​ដំណើរការរហ័ស​លើ​អ៊ីនធឺណិត ។ ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ KTorrent ទាញ​យក​ឯកសារ​ .torrent តាម​ធម្មតា ។ KTorrent នឹង​ទទួល​ស្គាល់​ឯកសារ​ដោយ​ស្វ័យ​ប្រវត្តិ​ ហើយ​នឹង​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ទាញ​យក​ ។ ការ​ប្រើ​ KTorrent គឺ​មាន​លក្ខណៈ​សាមញ្ញ ហើយ​ងាយ​ស្រួល​ប្រើ ។ + + + + + + + +ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ + +សូម​ធ្វើ​តាម​សេចក្តី​ណែ​នាំ​ដូច​ខាង​ក្រោម​ ដើម្បី​ដំឡើង​កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​ Java និង​ Flash ឬ​ដំឡើង​ពួក​វា​តាម​ធម្មតា​ជា​មួយ​កម្មវិធី​ដែល​បាន​ដាក់​កម្រិត​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ដោយ​ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ kubuntu-restricted-extras ។ + + +Java + + +Konqueror + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​ពន្យល់​អំពី​បែប​បទ​សម្រាប់​ការរៀប​ចំ​ Konqueror ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ Java ។ + + + +បិទ​ Konqueror បើ​វា​បើក​ ។ + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ sun-java6-jre ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើង​ សូម​មើល​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ ។ + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Konqueror និង​ប្រើ​វា​ដោយសេរី ។ + + + + + +Firefox + +ផ្នែក​នេះ​ពន្យល់​អំពី​បែប​បទ​សម្រាប់​ការរៀប​ចំ​ Firefox ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ Java នៅ​លើ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ ៣២ ប៊ីត ។ + + + +បិទ​ Firefox បើ​វាបើក​ ។ + + +ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ sun-java6-plugin ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការ​ដំឡើង សូម​មើល​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី ។ + + +ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Firefox និង​ប្រើ​វា​ដោយសេរី ។ + + + + + + + +Flash + +Adobe Flash Player អាច​ត្រូវ​បាន​ដំឡើង​សម្រាប់​ Konqueror ឬ​ Firefox ដោយ​ការដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ flashplugin-nonfree ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹងការ​ដំឡើង​ សូម​មើល​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី ។ + +ជំហាន​បន្ថែម​របស់ Konqueror +ជំនួស​ឲ្យ​ការ​ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ឡើង​វិញ ដើម្បី​ទទួល​បាន​ Konqueror ដើម្បី​មើល​កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​ដែល​ទើប​តែ​បាន​ដំឡើង​ថ្មី​ៗ​ ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Konqueror ឡើង​វិញ​តាម​ធម្មតា រួច​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ការកំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ​របស់​វា(កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុករក​បណ្តាញ​) ។ រមូរ​ចុះ​ក្រោម​ក្នុង​បន្ទះ​ខាង​ឆ្វេង​​ទៅ​កាន់​រូប​តំណាង​ កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​ ។ ក្នុង​ប្រអប់​កំណត់​រចនាសម្ព័ន្ធ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ វិភាគ​រក​កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ​ ។ ពេល​បញ្ចប់ ចុច​ប៊ូតុង​ យល់​ព្រម​ ។ + + + + +Gnash + +Gnash ជា​កំណែ​កម្មវិធី​ប្រភព​កូដ​ចំហ​ និង​ឥត​គិត​របស់​ Adobe Flash Player ដែល​មាន​កម្មសិទ្ធិ ។ បច្ចុប្បន្ន​វា​ស្ថិត​នៅ​ក្នុង​កំណែ​ បែតា និង​មិន​ដំណើរ​ការ​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ​ជា​មួយ​តំបន់​បណ្តាញ​ជា​ច្រើន​ដែល​ប្រើ​ Flash ទេ ។ + + +ដំឡើង​ Gnash សម្រាប់​ Konqueror + +ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ Gnash សម្រាប់​ Konqueror ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ konqueror-plugin-gnash ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើង សូម​មើល​ឯកសារ​ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី​ ។ បន្ទាប់​ពី​​បញ្ចប់ការដំឡើង ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Konqueror តាម​ធម្មតា ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុក​រក​បណ្តាញ​ ។ + + + +ដំឡើង​ Gnash សម្រាប់​ Firefox + +ដើម្បី​ប្រើ​ Gnash សម្រាប់​ Firefox ដំឡើង​កញ្ចប់​ mozilla-plugin-gnash ។ ចំពោះ​ជំនួយ​ទាក់​ទង​នឹង​ការដំឡើង សូម​មើល​ឯកសារ បន្ថែម​កម្មវិធី ។ បន្ទាប់​ពី​បញ្ចប់​ការ​ដំឡើង ចាប់​ផ្តើម​ Firefox តាម​ធម្មតា ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅកាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី​ Kickoffកម្មវិធី​អ៊ីនធឺណិត​កម្មវិធី​រុករក​បណ្តាញ ។ + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/oc/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/oc/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/oc/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/oc/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,886 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Internet +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information on the applications used to connectbto the +Internet. For the purpose of this guide, the term Internet +will relate to Web browsers, Email clients, chat clients, and BitTorrent +clients. + + + + + + +Navigadors Web + + +The default web browser for Kubuntu is Konqueror. +To read more about Konqueror, please review the +Konqueror Handbook. + + + +There are many different types of web browsers located in the Ubuntu +repositories. From text-based browsers to the famous +Firefox and Opera +browsers, Kubuntu has browsing covered. + + + + +Konqueror + + + +Marcapaginas + + +Importacion + +Dobrir Konqueror via lo menut Aviador d'aplicacion KickoffAplicacionsInternetNavigador Web. + + +Dobrissètz l'Editor de signets en anant dins SignetsModificar los signets. + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileImport. + + +Opcions d'importacion + +Bookmarks can be imported from Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, +KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, as well as All Crash Session bookmarks by selecting the +corresponding choice in the Import menu. + + + + + +Select the import option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + +Exportacion + +Dobrir Konqueror via lo menut Aviador d'aplicacion KickoffAplicacionsInternetNavigador Web. + + +Dobrissètz l'Editor de signets en anant dins SignetsModificar los signets. + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileExport. + + +Opcions d'exportacion + +IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, or HTML bookmarks can be exported by selecting +the corresponding choice in the Export menu. + + + + + +Select the export option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + + +Firefox 3 is the third generation award-winning Web +browser created by Mozilla. Firefox is not installed +by default on a Kubuntu system. Please follow the directions below to install +Firefox. + + + + +Installacion en cors + + +Installing Firefox was made easier by the use of the +Kubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + +Open Kubuntu Firefox Installer by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetKubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + + +Follow the on screen instructions to install Firefox. + + + + + + + + +Marcapaginas + + +Importacion + +Dobrir Firefox via lo menut Aviador d'aplicacion KickoffAplicacionsInternetNavigador Web. + + + +Dobrissètz lo Gestionari de marcapaginas en anant dins MarcapaginasOrganizar los marcapaginas…. + + + +Clicar sul boton Importacion e salvament e causissètz Importar al format HTML… dins lo menut desenrotlant. + + + + +Next, if there is another browser installed such as +Opera, bookmarks can be imported from there. If +not, select From an HTML file, and press the +Next button. + + + + +Indicatz alara l'emplaçament de vòstre fichièr de marcapaginas HTML e clicatz sul boton Dobrir. + + + + +If there are no error messages, then the import of the bookmarks was +successful. + + + + +Tampatz l'aplicacion Gestionari de marcapaginas. + + + + + +Exportacion + +Dobrir Firefox via lo menut Aviador d'aplicacion KickoffAplicacionsInternetNavigador Web. + + + +Dobrissètz lo Gestionari de marcapaginas en anant dins MarcapaginasOrganizar los marcapaginas…. + + + +Clicar sul boton Importacion e salvament e causissètz Exportar al format HTML… dins lo menut desenrotlant. + + + + +Select the directory where bookmarks.html should be saved, +and press the Save button. + + + + + + + + + + + +Clients de corrièr electronic + + +There are many options when it comes to email clients for Linux +systems. With Kubuntu, KMail is presented by +default, either as a standalone client or as part of the +Kontact personal information manager. Other popular +Linux email clients include Mozilla Thunderbird, +Evolution, Mailody, and +even Mutt, a command line email client. + + + +KMail +&menukontact; + + +KMail is the email component of +Kontact, the KDE personal information manager. +KMail by itself is similar in functionality to other +popular email programs, while Kontact +is as full featured as the fanciest personal information managers, as +it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time +tracking, journals, and simple project planning. The following are just some of +the features of KMail. + + +Presa en carga de IMAP, POP3 e SMTP. + + + +Presa en carga de las connexions securizadas SSL, TLS, e DIGEST-MD5. + + + +Presa en carga de las signaturas e del chiframent PGP e GnuPG. + + + + +HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, +search and filter functions, spell checking, and robust searching. + + + + + + +More information on KMail and configuration can be +located in The KMail Handbook. For +the use of KMail within +Kontact, also refer to The Kontact Handbook. + + + + + + + + +Clients de messatjariá instantanèa + + +Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the Internet, and Kubuntu +provides the necessary applications. There are two main chat clients in +Kubuntu, Kopete for instant messaging and +Quassel for chatting on IRC +(Internet Relay Chat). + + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + + +Kopete is the KDE instant messaging +(IM) client. It provides all of the functionality of other +popular IM clients. With Kopete, +accounts can be set up for: + +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + + +Mai d'ajuda es disponibla dins lo Manual de Kopete. + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; + +Quassel is a KDE IRC +(Internet Relay Chat) client. It provides functions similar to those of other +popular IRC clients. The Quassel design emphasizes ease of +use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other +events. + +Trobaretz mai d'ajuda dins lomanual de Quassel. + + + + + +Clients BitTorrent + + +BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file distribution protocol for distributing large +amounts of data without centralized control. There are several BitTorrent +clients available for use in Kubuntu; KTorrent is +the default application. Other open source BitTorrent clients include: +Azureus, BitTornado, and +BitTorrent itself. Java-based +Azureus is one of the more popular BitTorrent +clients. + + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + + +KTorrent is a BitTorrent application designed +specifically for KDE. Loaded with features, KTorrent +is a well-designed application that is light on the system and fast +on the Internet. To use KTorrent, simply download a +.torrent file. KTorrent will +automatically recognize the file and start the download. Using +KTorrent is simple and straightforward. + + + + + + + + +Installacion de moduls extèrnes + + +Follow the instructions below to install Java and Flash plugins, or simply +install them along with other restricted applications for Kubuntu by +installing the package kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + + +Java + + +Konqueror + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Konqueror to utilize Java. + + + + +Tampatz Konqueror s'es dobèrt. + + +Installar lo paquet sun-java6-jrePer obténer d'ajuda sus l'installacion, relegissètz la documentacion Apondre d'aplicacions. + + +Aviatz Konqueror e profiechatz-ne. + + + + + +Firefox + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Firefox to use Java +on 32-bit systems. + + + + +Tampatz Firefox s'es dobèrt. + + +Installatz lo paquet sun-java6-plugin. Per obténer d'ajuda sus l'installacion, agachatz la documentacion Apondon d'aplicacions. + + +Aviatz Firefox e profiechatz-ne. + + + + + + + +Flash + + +The Adobe Flash Player can be installed for +Konqueror or Firefox by +installing the flashplugin-nonfree package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + +Etapas suplementàrias per Konqueror + +Instead of rebooting in order to get Konqueror to +see the newly installed plugin, simple restart +Konqueror and then go into its configuration +(Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser). Scroll down in the left panel to the Plugins +icon. In the configuration dialog, press the Scan for New +Plugins button. When finished, press the OK +button. + + + + + +Gnash + + +Gnash is the free and open source software version of +the proprietary Adobe Flash Player. It is currently +in a beta version and doesn't work properly with many +websites that use Flash. + + + +Installar Gnash per Konqueror + + +To use the Gnash for Konqueror, install the +konqueror-plugin-gnash package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete simply start +Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Installar Gnash per FireFox + + +To use Gnash for Firefox, +install the mozilla-plugin-gnash package. For +help with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete, simply start +Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/pt_BR/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/pt_BR/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/pt_BR/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/pt_BR/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,728 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +A internet +&legalnotice; + +Este documento contém informações sobre os aplicativos usados para conectar-se a Internet. Para os fins deste guia, o termo Internet se relacionará a navegadores web, clientes de e-mail, bate-papo e BitTorrent. + + + + + +Navegadores web + +O navegador padrão para o Kubuntu é o Konqueror. Para ler mais a respeito do Konqueror, veja o Manual do Konqueror . + +Existem diversos tipos diferentes de navegadores web localizados nos repositórios do Ubuntu. Desde os navegadores baseados em texto, até os famosos navegadores Firefox e Opera, são suportados no Kubuntu . + + + +Konqueror + + + +Marcadores + + +Importando + +Abra o Konqueror indo até Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador Web. + + +Abra o Editor de marcadores (Bookmarks) indo em FavoritosEditar Favoritos. + + +No Editor de Favoritos, vá até ArquivoImportar . + +Opções de importação +Os favoritos podem ser importados do Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, bem como todos os favoritos de sessão, selecionando a opção correspondente no menu de Importação. + + + +Selecione a opção de importação que melhor se aplicar à situação e, em seguida, feche o Editor de Favoritos . + + + + +Exportando + +Abra o Konqueror indo até Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador Web. + + +Abra o Editor de marcadores (Bookmarks) indo em FavoritosEditar Favoritos. + + +No Editor de Favoritos, vá até arquivoExportar. + +Opções de exportação +Favoritos IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, ou HTML podem ser exportados selecionando a opção correspondente no menu Exportar. + + + +Selecione a opção de importação que melhor se aplicar à situação e, em seguida, feche o Editor de Favoritos . + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + +O Firefox 3 é a terceira geração do premiado navegador web criado pela Mozilla. No Kubuntu, o Firefox não está instalado por padrão no sistema. Siga os seguintes passos para instalá-lo. + + + +Instalando + +Instalar o Firefox é muito fácil com o uso do Instalador do Firefox no Kubuntu. + + +Abra o Instalador do Kubuntu Firefox indo até Kickoff Aplicativo LançadorAplicativosInternetInstalador do Kubuntu Firefox. + + + +Siga as instruções na tela para instalar o Firefox. + + + + + + + +Marcadores + + +Importando + +Abra o Firefox indo até Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador Web. + + + +Abra o Gerenciador de Favoritos selecionando FavoritosOrganizar Favoritos.... + + + +Pressione o botão Importar e fazer cópia de segurança e selecione a opção Importar HTML... do menu suspenso. + + + +Em seguida, se houver outro navegador instalado como o Opera , por exemplo, vocẽ poderá importar os favoritos do mesmo. Se não, selecione de um arquivo HTML e clique em Próximo. + + + +Selecione o local do arquivo HTML com seus favoritos e então pressione o botão Abrir + + + +Se não houver nenhuma mensagem de erro, então a importação de favoritos foi bem sucedida. + + + +Feche a aplicação Gerenciador de Favoritos. + + + + + +Exportando + +Abra o Firefox indo até Lançador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador Web. + + + +Abra o Gerenciador de Favoritos selecionando FavoritosOrganizar Favoritos.... + + + +Pressione o botão Importar e fazer cópia de segurança e selecione a opção Exportar HTML... do menu suspenso. + + + +Selecione o diretório onde o bookmarks.html deve ser salvo e clique em Salvar. + + + + + + + + + + +Clientes de e-mail + +Existem muitas opções quando se falamos de clientes de e-mail para os sistemas Linux. Com o Kubuntu, o KMail é apresentado como padrão, quer como um cliente independente ou como parte do Kontact, um gerenciador de informações pessoais. Outros clientes de e-mail populares para o Linux incluem Mozilla Thunderbird, Evolution, Mailody, e inclusive o Mutt, um cliente de e-mail de linha de comando. + + +KMail +&menukontact; + +KMail é o componente de e-mail do Kontact, o gerenciador de informações pessoais do KDE. KMail por si próprio é similar em funcionalidades a outros programas populares de e-mail, enquanto Kontact é um gerenciador de informações pessoais cheio de recursos interessantes, que pode ser configurado com calendários, livros de endereços, notas, um leitor de RSS, controle de tempo, diários e planejamento de projetos simples. A seguir, são apenas algumas das características do KMail. + +Suporte a IMAP, POP3 e SMTP. + + + +Suporte SSL, TLS e DIGEST-MD5 para logon seguro. + + + +Suporte de criptografia e assinaturas PGP e GnuPG + + + +Leitura em HTML, filtragem de spam, conjuntos de caracteres interno, funções de busca e de filtro, verificação ortográfica, e um robusto método de busca. + + + +Mais informações sobre o KMail e sua configuração podem ser localizadas no Manual do KMail . Para o utilizar o KMail dentro do +Kontact, também verifique o Manual do Kontact . + + + + + + + +Clientes de bate-papo + +Conversar com os amigos e família é um uso popular da Internet, e o Kubuntu fornece as os aplicativos necessários para isto. Existem dois principais clientes de bate-papo no Kubuntu, Kopete para mensagens instantâneas e Quassel para bate-papo no IRC (Internet Relay Chat). + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + +Kopete é o cliente de mensagens instantâneas (MI) do KDE. Ele fornece todas as funcionalidades de outros clientes de MI populares. Com o Kopete, as contas podem ser estabelecidas por: +AIM (AOL Mensageiro Instantâneo) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +Mensageiro MSN +Yahoo + + +Maiores informações estão disponíveis no Manual do Kopete . + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; +Quassel é o cliente IRC (Internet Relay Chat) do KDE. Ele fornece funcionalidades similares a outros clientes populares de IRC. O projeto do Quassel enfatiza o fácil uso. Quassel inclue navegação por abas e notificação de mensagens e outros eventos. +Mais ajuda está disponível no Manual do Quassel. + + + + + +Clientes BitTorrent + +BitTorrente é um protocolo ponto-a-ponto de distribuição de grandes volumes de arquivos sem centralizar o controle. Existem vários clientes BitTorrent disponíveis para uso no Kubuntu; KTorrent é a aplicação padrão. Outros clientes de código aberto incluem: Azureus, BitTornado, e próprio BitTorrent. O aplicativo baseado em Java Azureus é um dos mais populares clientes de BitTorrent. + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + +O KTorrent é um aplicativo BitTorrent projetado especificamente para o KDE. Carregado com diversos recursos, o KTorrent é um aplicativo bem projetado, leve no sistema e rápido na Internet. Para utilizar o KTorrent basta fazer download de um arquivo .torrent e o KTorrent reconhecerá automaticamente o arquivo e iniciará o download. O suo do KTorrent é simples e direto. + + + + + + + +Instalação de plug-in + +Siga as instruções abaixo para instalar plugins Java e Flash, ou simplesmente instalá-los juntamente com outras aplicações restritas para Kubuntu instalando o pacote kubuntu-restricted-extras . + + +Java + + +Konqueror + +Esta seção explica o procedimento para habilitar o Konqueror para usar Java. + + + +Feche o Konqueror se estiver aberto. + + +instale o pacote sun-java6-jre. Para ajuda com a instalação, por favor, leia a documentação Adicionando Programas. + + +Inicie o Konqueror e aproveite. + + + + + +Firefox + +Esta seção explica o procedimento para habilitar o Firefox para usar Java em sistemas 32-bits. + + + +Feche o Firefox se estiver aberto. + + +instale o pacote sun-java6-plugin. Para ajuda com a instalação, por favor, leia a documentação Adicionando programas. + + +Inicie o Firefox e aproveite. + + + + + + + +Flash + +O Adobe Flash Player pode ser instalado no Konqueror, ou Firefox, através do pacote flashplugin-nonfree. Para ajuda com a instalação, por favor leia novamente a documentação Adicionando aplicativos. + +Etapa extra do Konqueror +Em vez de reinicializar o computador, para o Konqueror visualizar novos plug-in instalados, simplesmente reinicie o Konqueror e então vá nas suas configurações(Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador WEB). Role para baixo no painel da esquerda para o ícone Plugins. No diálogo de configuração pressione o botão Pesquisar por novos plugins. Quando finalizado pressionar o botão OK . + + + + +Gnash + +Gnash é uma versão livre e de código aberto do proprietário Adobe Flash Player. Atualmente ele está na versão beta e não funciona corretamente com muitas páginas que usam Flash. + + +Instalar Gnash para Konqueror + +Para usar o Gnash para Konqueror, instale o pacote konqueror-plugin-gnash . Para ajuda, favor pesquisar na documentação Adicionando aplicativos. Depois de concluída a instalação basta iniciar o Konqueror indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador WEB. + + + +Instalar Gnash para Firefox + +Para usar o Gnash para Firefox, instale o pacotemozilla-plugin-gnash. Para ajuda, favor pesquisar na documentação Adicionando aplicativos. Depois de concluída a instalação basta iniciar o Konqueror indo em Lançador de Aplicativos KickoffAplicativosInternetNavegador WEB. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/ru/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/ru/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/ru/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/ru/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,949 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Internet +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information on the applications used to connectbto the +Internet. For the purpose of this guide, the term Internet +will relate to Web browsers, Email clients, chat clients, and BitTorrent +clients. + + + + + + +Web Browsers + + +The default web browser for Kubuntu is Konqueror. +To read more about Konqueror, please review the +Konqueror Handbook. + + + +There are many different types of web browsers located in the Ubuntu +repositories. From text-based browsers to the famous +Firefox and Opera +browsers, Kubuntu has browsing covered. + + + + +Konqueror + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileImport. + + +Import Options + +Bookmarks can be imported from Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, +KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, as well as All Crash Session bookmarks by selecting the +corresponding choice in the Import menu. + + + + + +Select the import option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileExport. + + +Export Options + +IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, or HTML bookmarks can be exported by selecting +the corresponding choice in the Export menu. + + + + + +Select the export option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + + +Firefox 3 is the third generation award-winning Web +browser created by Mozilla. Firefox is not installed +by default on a Kubuntu system. Please follow the directions below to install +Firefox. + + + + +Installing + + +Installing Firefox was made easier by the use of the +Kubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + +Open Kubuntu Firefox Installer by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetKubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + + +Follow the on screen instructions to install Firefox. + + + + + + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Import HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Next, if there is another browser installed such as +Opera, bookmarks can be imported from there. If +not, select From an HTML file, and press the +Next button. + + + + + +Select the location of your bookmarks HTML file and then +press the Open button. + + + + + +If there are no error messages, then the import of the bookmarks was +successful. + + + + + +Close the Bookmarks Manager application. + + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Export HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Select the directory where bookmarks.html should be saved, +and press the Save button. + + + + + + + + + + + +Email Clients + + +There are many options when it comes to email clients for Linux +systems. With Kubuntu, KMail is presented by +default, either as a standalone client or as part of the +Kontact personal information manager. Other popular +Linux email clients include Mozilla Thunderbird, +Evolution, Mailody, and +even Mutt, a command line email client. + + + +KMail +&menukontact; + + +KMail is the email component of +Kontact, the KDE personal information manager. +KMail by itself is similar in functionality to other +popular email programs, while Kontact +is as full featured as the fanciest personal information managers, as +it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time +tracking, journals, and simple project planning. The following are just some of +the features of KMail. + + + +IMAP, POP3 and SMTP +support. + + + + + +SSL, TLS, and DIGEST-MD5 secure logon +support. + + + + + +PGP and GnuPG signatures and encryption +support. + + + + + +HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, +search and filter functions, spell checking, and robust searching. + + + + + + +More information on KMail and configuration can be +located in The KMail Handbook. For +the use of KMail within +Kontact, also refer to The Kontact Handbook. + + + + + + + + +Chat Clients + + +Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the Internet, and Kubuntu +provides the necessary applications. There are two main chat clients in +Kubuntu, Kopete for instant messaging and +Quassel for chatting on IRC +(Internet Relay Chat). + + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + + +Kopete is the KDE instant messaging +(IM) client. It provides all of the functionality of other +popular IM clients. With Kopete, +accounts can be set up for: + +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + + + +More help is available in the Kopete +Handbook. + + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; + +Quassel is a KDE IRC +(Internet Relay Chat) client. It provides functions similar to those of other +popular IRC clients. The Quassel design emphasizes ease of +use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other +events. + + +More help is available in the Quassel Handbook. + + + + + + +BitTorrent Clients + + +BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file distribution protocol for distributing large +amounts of data without centralized control. There are several BitTorrent +clients available for use in Kubuntu; KTorrent is +the default application. Other open source BitTorrent clients include: +Azureus, BitTornado, and +BitTorrent itself. Java-based +Azureus is one of the more popular BitTorrent +clients. + + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + + +KTorrent is a BitTorrent application designed +specifically for KDE. Loaded with features, KTorrent +is a well-designed application that is light on the system and fast +on the Internet. To use KTorrent, simply download a +.torrent file. KTorrent will +automatically recognize the file and start the download. Using +KTorrent is simple and straightforward. + + + + + + + + +Plugin Installation + + +Follow the instructions below to install Java and Flash plugins, or simply +install them along with other restricted applications for Kubuntu by +installing the package kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + + +Java + + +Konqueror + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Konqueror to utilize Java. + + + + + +Close Konqueror if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-jre package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Konqueror and enjoy. + + + + + + +Firefox + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Firefox to use Java +on 32-bit systems. + + + + + +Close Firefox if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-plugin package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Firefox and enjoy. + + + + + + + + +Flash + + +The Adobe Flash Player can be installed for +Konqueror or Firefox by +installing the flashplugin-nonfree package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + +Konqueror's extra step + +Instead of rebooting in order to get Konqueror to +see the newly installed plugin, simple restart +Konqueror and then go into its configuration +(Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser). Scroll down in the left panel to the Plugins +icon. In the configuration dialog, press the Scan for New +Plugins button. When finished, press the OK +button. + + + + + +Gnash + + +Gnash is the free and open source software version of +the proprietary Adobe Flash Player. It is currently +in a beta version and doesn't work properly with many +websites that use Flash. + + + +Install Gnash for Konqueror + + +To use the Gnash for Konqueror, install the +konqueror-plugin-gnash package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete simply start +Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Install Gnash for Firefox + + +To use Gnash for Firefox, +install the mozilla-plugin-gnash package. For +help with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete, simply start +Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/sk/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/sk/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/sk/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/sk/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,949 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Internet +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information on the applications used to connectbto the +Internet. For the purpose of this guide, the term Internet +will relate to Web browsers, Email clients, chat clients, and BitTorrent +clients. + + + + + + +Web Browsers + + +The default web browser for Kubuntu is Konqueror. +To read more about Konqueror, please review the +Konqueror Handbook. + + + +There are many different types of web browsers located in the Ubuntu +repositories. From text-based browsers to the famous +Firefox and Opera +browsers, Kubuntu has browsing covered. + + + + +Konqueror + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileImport. + + +Import Options + +Bookmarks can be imported from Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, +KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, as well as All Crash Session bookmarks by selecting the +corresponding choice in the Import menu. + + + + + +Select the import option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileExport. + + +Export Options + +IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, or HTML bookmarks can be exported by selecting +the corresponding choice in the Export menu. + + + + + +Select the export option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + + +Firefox 3 is the third generation award-winning Web +browser created by Mozilla. Firefox is not installed +by default on a Kubuntu system. Please follow the directions below to install +Firefox. + + + + +Installing + + +Installing Firefox was made easier by the use of the +Kubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + +Open Kubuntu Firefox Installer by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetKubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + + +Follow the on screen instructions to install Firefox. + + + + + + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Import HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Next, if there is another browser installed such as +Opera, bookmarks can be imported from there. If +not, select From an HTML file, and press the +Next button. + + + + + +Select the location of your bookmarks HTML file and then +press the Open button. + + + + + +If there are no error messages, then the import of the bookmarks was +successful. + + + + + +Close the Bookmarks Manager application. + + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Export HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Select the directory where bookmarks.html should be saved, +and press the Save button. + + + + + + + + + + + +Email Clients + + +There are many options when it comes to email clients for Linux +systems. With Kubuntu, KMail is presented by +default, either as a standalone client or as part of the +Kontact personal information manager. Other popular +Linux email clients include Mozilla Thunderbird, +Evolution, Mailody, and +even Mutt, a command line email client. + + + +KMail +&menukontact; + + +KMail is the email component of +Kontact, the KDE personal information manager. +KMail by itself is similar in functionality to other +popular email programs, while Kontact +is as full featured as the fanciest personal information managers, as +it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time +tracking, journals, and simple project planning. The following are just some of +the features of KMail. + + + +IMAP, POP3 and SMTP +support. + + + + + +SSL, TLS, and DIGEST-MD5 secure logon +support. + + + + + +PGP and GnuPG signatures and encryption +support. + + + + + +HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, +search and filter functions, spell checking, and robust searching. + + + + + + +More information on KMail and configuration can be +located in The KMail Handbook. For +the use of KMail within +Kontact, also refer to The Kontact Handbook. + + + + + + + + +Chat Clients + + +Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the Internet, and Kubuntu +provides the necessary applications. There are two main chat clients in +Kubuntu, Kopete for instant messaging and +Quassel for chatting on IRC +(Internet Relay Chat). + + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + + +Kopete is the KDE instant messaging +(IM) client. It provides all of the functionality of other +popular IM clients. With Kopete, +accounts can be set up for: + +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + + + +More help is available in the Kopete +Handbook. + + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; + +Quassel is a KDE IRC +(Internet Relay Chat) client. It provides functions similar to those of other +popular IRC clients. The Quassel design emphasizes ease of +use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other +events. + + +More help is available in the Quassel Handbook. + + + + + + +BitTorrent Clients + + +BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file distribution protocol for distributing large +amounts of data without centralized control. There are several BitTorrent +clients available for use in Kubuntu; KTorrent is +the default application. Other open source BitTorrent clients include: +Azureus, BitTornado, and +BitTorrent itself. Java-based +Azureus is one of the more popular BitTorrent +clients. + + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + + +KTorrent is a BitTorrent application designed +specifically for KDE. Loaded with features, KTorrent +is a well-designed application that is light on the system and fast +on the Internet. To use KTorrent, simply download a +.torrent file. KTorrent will +automatically recognize the file and start the download. Using +KTorrent is simple and straightforward. + + + + + + + + +Plugin Installation + + +Follow the instructions below to install Java and Flash plugins, or simply +install them along with other restricted applications for Kubuntu by +installing the package kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + + +Java + + +Konqueror + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Konqueror to utilize Java. + + + + + +Close Konqueror if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-jre package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Konqueror and enjoy. + + + + + + +Firefox + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Firefox to use Java +on 32-bit systems. + + + + + +Close Firefox if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-plugin package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Firefox and enjoy. + + + + + + + + +Flash + + +The Adobe Flash Player can be installed for +Konqueror or Firefox by +installing the flashplugin-nonfree package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + +Konqueror's extra step + +Instead of rebooting in order to get Konqueror to +see the newly installed plugin, simple restart +Konqueror and then go into its configuration +(Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser). Scroll down in the left panel to the Plugins +icon. In the configuration dialog, press the Scan for New +Plugins button. When finished, press the OK +button. + + + + + +Gnash + + +Gnash is the free and open source software version of +the proprietary Adobe Flash Player. It is currently +in a beta version and doesn't work properly with many +websites that use Flash. + + + +Install Gnash for Konqueror + + +To use the Gnash for Konqueror, install the +konqueror-plugin-gnash package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete simply start +Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Install Gnash for Firefox + + +To use Gnash for Firefox, +install the mozilla-plugin-gnash package. For +help with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete, simply start +Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/sr/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/sr/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/sr/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/sr/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,949 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +The Internet +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information on the applications used to connectbto the +Internet. For the purpose of this guide, the term Internet +will relate to Web browsers, Email clients, chat clients, and BitTorrent +clients. + + + + + + +Web Browsers + + +The default web browser for Kubuntu is Konqueror. +To read more about Konqueror, please review the +Konqueror Handbook. + + + +There are many different types of web browsers located in the Ubuntu +repositories. From text-based browsers to the famous +Firefox and Opera +browsers, Kubuntu has browsing covered. + + + + +Konqueror + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileImport. + + +Import Options + +Bookmarks can be imported from Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, +KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, as well as All Crash Session bookmarks by selecting the +corresponding choice in the Import menu. + + + + + +Select the import option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Open the Bookmark Editor by going to +BookmarksEdit +Bookmarks. + + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileExport. + + +Export Options + +IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, or HTML bookmarks can be exported by selecting +the corresponding choice in the Export menu. + + + + + +Select the export option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + + +Firefox 3 is the third generation award-winning Web +browser created by Mozilla. Firefox is not installed +by default on a Kubuntu system. Please follow the directions below to install +Firefox. + + + + +Installing + + +Installing Firefox was made easier by the use of the +Kubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + +Open Kubuntu Firefox Installer by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetKubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + + +Follow the on screen instructions to install Firefox. + + + + + + + + +Bookmarks + + +Importing + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Import HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Next, if there is another browser installed such as +Opera, bookmarks can be imported from there. If +not, select From an HTML file, and press the +Next button. + + + + + +Select the location of your bookmarks HTML file and then +press the Open button. + + + + + +If there are no error messages, then the import of the bookmarks was +successful. + + + + + +Close the Bookmarks Manager application. + + + + + + +Exporting + + +Open Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +Open the Bookmarks Manager by going to +BookmarksOrganize +Bookmarks.... + + + + + +Press the Import and Backup button and select +Export HTML... from the drop-down menu. + + + + + +Select the directory where bookmarks.html should be saved, +and press the Save button. + + + + + + + + + + + +Email Clients + + +There are many options when it comes to email clients for Linux +systems. With Kubuntu, KMail is presented by +default, either as a standalone client or as part of the +Kontact personal information manager. Other popular +Linux email clients include Mozilla Thunderbird, +Evolution, Mailody, and +even Mutt, a command line email client. + + + +KMail +&menukontact; + + +KMail is the email component of +Kontact, the KDE personal information manager. +KMail by itself is similar in functionality to other +popular email programs, while Kontact +is as full featured as the fanciest personal information managers, as +it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time +tracking, journals, and simple project planning. The following are just some of +the features of KMail. + + + +IMAP, POP3 and SMTP +support. + + + + + +SSL, TLS, and DIGEST-MD5 secure logon +support. + + + + + +PGP and GnuPG signatures and encryption +support. + + + + + +HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, +search and filter functions, spell checking, and robust searching. + + + + + + +More information on KMail and configuration can be +located in The KMail Handbook. For +the use of KMail within +Kontact, also refer to The Kontact Handbook. + + + + + + + + +Chat Clients + + +Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the Internet, and Kubuntu +provides the necessary applications. There are two main chat clients in +Kubuntu, Kopete for instant messaging and +Quassel for chatting on IRC +(Internet Relay Chat). + + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + + +Kopete is the KDE instant messaging +(IM) client. It provides all of the functionality of other +popular IM clients. With Kopete, +accounts can be set up for: + +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + + + +More help is available in the Kopete +Handbook. + + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; + +Quassel is a KDE IRC +(Internet Relay Chat) client. It provides functions similar to those of other +popular IRC clients. The Quassel design emphasizes ease of +use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other +events. + + +More help is available in the Quassel Handbook. + + + + + + +BitTorrent Clients + + +BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file distribution protocol for distributing large +amounts of data without centralized control. There are several BitTorrent +clients available for use in Kubuntu; KTorrent is +the default application. Other open source BitTorrent clients include: +Azureus, BitTornado, and +BitTorrent itself. Java-based +Azureus is one of the more popular BitTorrent +clients. + + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + + +KTorrent is a BitTorrent application designed +specifically for KDE. Loaded with features, KTorrent +is a well-designed application that is light on the system and fast +on the Internet. To use KTorrent, simply download a +.torrent file. KTorrent will +automatically recognize the file and start the download. Using +KTorrent is simple and straightforward. + + + + + + + + +Plugin Installation + + +Follow the instructions below to install Java and Flash plugins, or simply +install them along with other restricted applications for Kubuntu by +installing the package kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + + +Java + + +Konqueror + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Konqueror to utilize Java. + + + + + +Close Konqueror if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-jre package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Konqueror and enjoy. + + + + + + +Firefox + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Firefox to use Java +on 32-bit systems. + + + + + +Close Firefox if it is open. + + + + +Install the sun-java6-plugin package. For help with +installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + + + +Start up Firefox and enjoy. + + + + + + + + +Flash + + +The Adobe Flash Player can be installed for +Konqueror or Firefox by +installing the flashplugin-nonfree package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + +Konqueror's extra step + +Instead of rebooting in order to get Konqueror to +see the newly installed plugin, simple restart +Konqueror and then go into its configuration +(Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser). Scroll down in the left panel to the Plugins +icon. In the configuration dialog, press the Scan for New +Plugins button. When finished, press the OK +button. + + + + + +Gnash + + +Gnash is the free and open source software version of +the proprietary Adobe Flash Player. It is currently +in a beta version and doesn't work properly with many +websites that use Flash. + + + +Install Gnash for Konqueror + + +To use the Gnash for Konqueror, install the +konqueror-plugin-gnash package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete simply start +Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Install Gnash for Firefox + + +To use Gnash for Firefox, +install the mozilla-plugin-gnash package. For +help with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete, simply start +Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/sv/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/sv/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/sv/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/sv/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,886 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Internet +&legalnotice; + + +This document contains information on the applications used to connectbto the +Internet. For the purpose of this guide, the term Internet +will relate to Web browsers, Email clients, chat clients, and BitTorrent +clients. + + + + + + +Webbläsare + + +The default web browser for Kubuntu is Konqueror. +To read more about Konqueror, please review the +Konqueror Handbook. + + + +There are many different types of web browsers located in the Ubuntu +repositories. From text-based browsers to the famous +Firefox and Opera +browsers, Kubuntu has browsing covered. + + + + +Konqueror + + + +Bokmärken + + +Importera + +Öppna Konqueror genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramInternetWebbläsare. + + +Öppna Bokmärkeseditor genom att gå till BokmärkenRedigera bokmärken. + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileImport. + + +Importalternativ + +Bookmarks can be imported from Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, +KDE2/KDE3, Galeon, as well as All Crash Session bookmarks by selecting the +corresponding choice in the Import menu. + + + + + +Select the import option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + +Exportera + +Öppna Konqueror genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramInternetWebbläsare. + + +Öppna Bokmärkeseditor genom att gå till BokmärkenRedigera bokmärken. + + + +In Bookmark Editor, go to +FileExport. + + +Exportalternativ + +IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, or HTML bookmarks can be exported by selecting +the corresponding choice in the Export menu. + + + + + +Select the export option that best suits the situation and then close the +Bookmark Editor. + + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + + +Firefox 3 is the third generation award-winning Web +browser created by Mozilla. Firefox is not installed +by default on a Kubuntu system. Please follow the directions below to install +Firefox. + + + + +Installera + + +Installing Firefox was made easier by the use of the +Kubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + +Open Kubuntu Firefox Installer by going to +Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetKubuntu Firefox Installer. + + + + + +Follow the on screen instructions to install Firefox. + + + + + + + + +Bokmärken + + +Importera + +Öppna Firefox genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramInternetWebbläsare. + + + +Öppna Ordna bokmärken genom att gå till BokmärkenOrdna bokmärken.... + + + +Tryck på knappen Importera och säkerhetskopiera och välj Importera HTML... från rullgardinsmenyn. + + + + +Next, if there is another browser installed such as +Opera, bookmarks can be imported from there. If +not, select From an HTML file, and press the +Next button. + + + + +Välj platsen för dina bokmärkens HTML-fil och tryck därefter på knappen Öppna. + + + + +If there are no error messages, then the import of the bookmarks was +successful. + + + + +Stäng programmet Ordna bokmärken. + + + + + +Exportera + +Öppna Firefox genom att gå till Kickoff programstartProgramInternetWebbläsare. + + + +Öppna Ordna bokmärken genom att gå till BokmärkenOrdna bokmärken.... + + + +Tryck på knappen Importera och säkerhetskopiera och välj Exportera HTML... från rullgardinsmenyn. + + + + +Select the directory where bookmarks.html should be saved, +and press the Save button. + + + + + + + + + + + +E-postklienter + + +There are many options when it comes to email clients for Linux +systems. With Kubuntu, KMail is presented by +default, either as a standalone client or as part of the +Kontact personal information manager. Other popular +Linux email clients include Mozilla Thunderbird, +Evolution, Mailody, and +even Mutt, a command line email client. + + + +Kmail +&menukontact; + + +KMail is the email component of +Kontact, the KDE personal information manager. +KMail by itself is similar in functionality to other +popular email programs, while Kontact +is as full featured as the fanciest personal information managers, as +it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time +tracking, journals, and simple project planning. The following are just some of +the features of KMail. + + +Stöd för IMAP, POP3 och SMTP. + + + +Stöder SSL, TLS, och DIGEST-MD5 säker inloggning. + + + +Stöder PGP och GnuPG signaturer och kryptering. + + + + +HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, +search and filter functions, spell checking, and robust searching. + + + + + + +More information on KMail and configuration can be +located in The KMail Handbook. For +the use of KMail within +Kontact, also refer to The Kontact Handbook. + + + + + + + + +Chattklienter + + +Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the Internet, and Kubuntu +provides the necessary applications. There are two main chat clients in +Kubuntu, Kopete for instant messaging and +Quassel for chatting on IRC +(Internet Relay Chat). + + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + + +Kopete is the KDE instant messaging +(IM) client. It provides all of the functionality of other +popular IM clients. With Kopete, +accounts can be set up for: + +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +Groupwise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + + +Mer hjälp finns tillgängligt i Kopetes handbok. + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; + +Quassel is a KDE IRC +(Internet Relay Chat) client. It provides functions similar to those of other +popular IRC clients. The Quassel design emphasizes ease of +use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other +events. + +Mer hjälp finns tillgänglig i Quassels handbok. + + + + + +Bittorrent-klienter + + +BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer file distribution protocol for distributing large +amounts of data without centralized control. There are several BitTorrent +clients available for use in Kubuntu; KTorrent is +the default application. Other open source BitTorrent clients include: +Azureus, BitTornado, and +BitTorrent itself. Java-based +Azureus is one of the more popular BitTorrent +clients. + + + +Ktorrent +&menuktorrent; + + +KTorrent is a BitTorrent application designed +specifically for KDE. Loaded with features, KTorrent +is a well-designed application that is light on the system and fast +on the Internet. To use KTorrent, simply download a +.torrent file. KTorrent will +automatically recognize the file and start the download. Using +KTorrent is simple and straightforward. + + + + + + + + +Installation av insticksprogram + + +Follow the instructions below to install Java and Flash plugins, or simply +install them along with other restricted applications for Kubuntu by +installing the package kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + + +Java + + +Konqueror + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Konqueror to utilize Java. + + + + +Stäng Konqueror om det är igång. + + +Installera paketet sun-java6-jre. För installationshjälp, läs dokumentationen Lägg till program. + + +Starta Konqueror och njut. + + + + + +Firefox + + +This section explains the procedure for setting up +Firefox to use Java +on 32-bit systems. + + + + +Stäng Firefox om det är öppnat. + + +Installera paketet sun-java6-plugin. För installationshjälp, läs dokumentationen Lägg till program. + + +Starta Firefox och njut. + + + + + + + +Flash + + +The Adobe Flash Player can be installed for +Konqueror or Firefox by +installing the flashplugin-nonfree package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. + + +Extra steg med Konqueror + +Instead of rebooting in order to get Konqueror to +see the newly installed plugin, simple restart +Konqueror and then go into its configuration +(Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser). Scroll down in the left panel to the Plugins +icon. In the configuration dialog, press the Scan for New +Plugins button. When finished, press the OK +button. + + + + + +Gnash + + +Gnash is the free and open source software version of +the proprietary Adobe Flash Player. It is currently +in a beta version and doesn't work properly with many +websites that use Flash. + + + +Installera Gnash för Konqueror + + +To use the Gnash for Konqueror, install the +konqueror-plugin-gnash package. For help +with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete simply start +Konqueror by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + +Installera Gnash för Firefox + + +To use Gnash for Firefox, +install the mozilla-plugin-gnash package. For +help with installation, please review the Adding Applications documentation. +After the installation is complete, simply start +Firefox by going to Kickoff Application LauncherApplicationsInternetWeb Browser. + + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/uk/web.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/uk/web.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/web/uk/web.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/web/uk/web.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,727 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Інтернет +&legalnotice; + +Цей документ містить інформацію про програми, що використовуються для з’єднання з мережею Інтернет. У цьому посібнику термін інтернет вживатиметься стосовно на переглядачів інтернету, поштових клієнтів, клієнтів балачок (чатів) та клієнтів BitTorrent. + + + + + +Переглядачі інтернету + +Типовим переглядачем інтернету у Kubuntu є Konqueror. Щоб дізнатись більше про Konqueror, зверніться до підручника з Konqueror. + +У сховищах програмного забезпечення Ubuntu ви можете знайти багато переглядачів інтернету інших типів. Серед цих переглядачів і найпростіші текстові і широко відомі переглядачів Firefox та Opera. Kubuntu подбає про ваші потреби. + + + +Konqueror + + + +Закладки + + +Імпортування + +Запустіть Konqueror за допомогою пункту меню Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетНавігатор Тенет. + + +Відкрийте вікно Редактор закладок за допомогою пункту меню ЗакладкиРедагування закладок. + + +У вікні Редактор закладок скористайтеся пунктом ФайлІмпортувати. + +Варіанти імпортування +Ви можете імпортувати закладки Internet Explorer, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape, KDE2/KDE3, Galeon і сеансів, які завершилися у аварійному режимі. Для цього слід обрати відповідний пункт меню Імпортувати. + + + +Оберіть варіант імпортування, що найкраще пасує до вашого випадку, а потім закрийте вікно Редактор закладок. + + + + +Експортування + +Запустіть Konqueror за допомогою пункту меню Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетНавігатор Тенет. + + +Відкрийте вікно Редактор закладок за допомогою пункту меню ЗакладкиРедагування закладок. + + +Відкрийте у вікні Редактор закладок пункт меню ФайлЕкспортувати. + +Варіанти експортування +Ви можете експортувати закладки у форматах IE, Opera, Mozilla, Netscape або HTML. Для цього слід обрати відповідний пункт меню Експортувати. + + + +Оберіть варіант імпортування, що найкраще пасує до вашого випадку, а потім закрийте вікно Редактор закладок. + + + + + + + + +Firefox +&menuff; + +Firefox 3 — це третьої гілки однієї з найкращих програм для перегляду інтернету, створеної компанією Mozilla. Firefox типово не буде встановлено у Kubuntu. Будь ласка, скористайтеся наведеними нижче настановами для встановлення Firefox. + + + +Встановлення + +Спростити встановлення Firefox можна за допомогою Встановлювача Firefox для Kubuntu. + + +Запустіть Встановлювач Firefox для Kubuntu за допомогою пункту меню Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетВстановлювач Firefox для Kubuntu. + + + +Виконайте настанови, показані на екрані, щоб встановити Firefox. + + + + + + + +Закладки + + +Імпортування + +Запустіть Firefox за допомогою пункту меню Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетНавігатор Тенет. + + + +Відкрийте вікно інструменту керування закладками за допомогою пункту меню ЗакладкиВпорядкувати закладки.... + + + +Натисніть кнопку Імпорт та резервні копії, а потім оберіть пункт Імпортувати HTML... зі спадного меню. + + + +Далі, якщо у системі встановлено інший переглядач, зокрема Opera, ви можете імпортувати закладки з нього. Якщо таких переглядачів не встановлено, оберіть пункт З файлу HTMLe, а потім натисніть кнопку Далі. + + + +Вкажіть місце зберігання вашого файла закладок HTML і натисніть кнопку Відкрити. + + + +Якщо програма не покаже вам ніяких вікон з повідомленнями про помилки, імпортування закладок було виконано успішно. + + + +Закрийте вікно керування закладками. + + + + + +Експортування + +Запустіть Firefox за допомогою пункту меню Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетНавігатор Тенет. + + + +Відкрийте вікно інструменту керування закладками за допомогою пункту меню ЗакладкиВпорядкувати закладки.... + + + +Натисніть кнопку Імпорт та резервні копії, а потім оберіть пункт Експортувати HTML... зі спадного меню. + + + +Вкажіть каталог, у якому ви бажаєте зберегти файл bookmarks.html і натисніть кнопку Зберегти. + + + + + + + + + + +Клієнти електронної пошти + +У системах Linux існує безліч клієнтських програм електронної пошти. У Kubuntu типовим клієнтом електронної пошти є KMail, як окрема програма або частина комплексу керування особистими даними Kontact. Іншими популярними клієнтами електронної пошти у Linux є Mozilla Thunderbird, Evolution, Mailody і навіть текстовий клієнт електронної пошти Mutt. + + +KMail +&menukontact; + +KMail — клієнтська програма для роботи з електронною поштою Kontact, програми для керування особистою інформацією KDE. KMail за функціональними можливостями подібний до більшості інших популярних програми для роботи з електронною поштою. Функціональні ж можливості Kontact можна порівняти з найвигадливішими програмами для керування особистими даним, оскільки комплекс має компоненти для роботи з календарями, адресними книгами, нотатками, подачами RSS, стеження за часом, журналами, простого планування проектів. Тут ми наведемо перелік лише деяких з можливостей KMail. + +Підтримка IMAP, POP3 і SMTP. + + + +Підтримка протоколів SSL, TLS та безпечної реєстрації з шифруванням DIGEST-MD5. + + + +Підтримка підписування та шифрування повідомлень за допомогою PGP і GnuPG. + + + +Підтримка читання HTML, фільтрування спаму, вбудована підтримка кодових таблиць символів, перевірка правопису та надійні можливості з пошуку. + + + +Докладніші відомості щодо KMail та налаштування програми можна знайти у підручнику з KMail. Якщо ви плануєте користуватися KMail за допомогою оболонки Kontact, ознайомтеся також з підручником з Kontact. + + + + + + + +Клієнти обміну повідомленнями + +Одним з найпоширеніших способів використання інтернету є обмін повідомленнями з вашими друзями та родиною У Kubuntu є всі потрібні для обміну цими повідомленнями програми. Основними клієнтськими програмами балачок у Kubuntu є Quassel для обміну повідомленнями у IRC (Internet Relay Chat) та Kopete для обміну повідомленнями за всіма іншими протоколами. + + +Kopete +&menukopete; + +Kopete — клієнтська програма (кур’єр) обміну миттєвими повідомленнями у KDE У програмі передбачено всі функціональні можливості, які можна знайти у інших сучасних клієнтах обміну миттєвими повідомленнями. За допомогою Kopete ви зможете обмінюватися повідомленнями за протоколами: +AIM (AOL Instant Messenger) +Gadu-Gadu +GroupWise +ICQ +Jabber +Meanwhile +MSN Messenger +Yahoo + + +З докладнішою довідкою можна ознайомитися за допомогою підручника з Kopete. + + + + +Quassel +&menuquassel; +Quassel — клієнтська програма IRC (Internet Relay Chat), яка може інтегруватися з KDE. У програмі передбачено більшість функціональних можливостей інших популярних клієнтських програм IRC. Компонування Quassel відповідає уявленням авторів про простоту у використанні. У Quassel передбачено вкладки каналів і сповіщення про повідомлення та інші події. Типовою клієнтською програмою IRC у KDE є Konversation. Саме цю програму супроводжує українська команда KDE. +З докладнішою довідкою можна ознайомитися за допомогою підручника з Quassel. + + + + + +Клієнти BitTorrent + +BitTorrent — протокол обміну файлами між комп’ютерами у мережі, призначений для поширення значних об’ємів даних без централізованого керування. У Kubuntu ви можете скористатися декількома клієнтськими програмами BitTorrent; типовою програмою є KTorrent. Серед інших відкритих клієнтських програм BitTorrent з відкритим кодом Azureus, BitTornado і сама програма BitTorrent. Заснований на Java Azureus э одним з популярнією з найпопулярніших програм, які можуть працювати на різних платформах. + + +KTorrent +&menuktorrent; + +KTorrent — це програма для роботи з BitTorrent, розроблена спеціально для KDE. Найширший спектр можливостей не заважає KTorrent бути дуже функціональною програмою, яка не є обтяжливою для системи і дуже швидкою у інтернеті. Щоб скористатися KTorrent, просто звантажте файл .torrent. KTorrent автоматично розпізнає цей файл і почне звантаження потрібних вам даних. Користуватися KTorrent дуже просто. Інтерфейс програм є інтуїтивно зрозумілим. + + + + + + + +Встановлення додатків + +Наведені нижче настанови допоможуть вам встановити додатки підтримки Java і Flash або просто встановити програми з закритими кодами у Kubuntu за допомогою встановлення пакунка kubuntu-restricted-extras. + + +Java + + +Konqueror + +У цьому розділі наведено опис процедури встановлення Java для роботи у Konqueror. + + + +Закрийте вікно програми Konqueror, якщо його відкрито. + + +Встановіть пакунок sun-java6-jre. Якщо вам потрібні докладніші настанови щодо встановлення програми, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом документації Додавання програм. + + +Запустіть Konqueror і насолоджуйтеся всіма перевагами використання Java. + + + + + +Firefox + +У цьому розділі наведено короткий опис процедури встановлення Java для роботи у Firefox на 32-бітових системах. + + + +Закрийте вікно програми Firefox, якщо його відкрито. + + +Встановіть пакунок sun-java6-plugin. Якщо вам потрібні докладніші настанови щодо встановлення програми, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом документації Додавання програм. + + +Запустіть Firefox і насолоджуйтеся всіма перевагами використання Java. + + + + + + + +Flash + +Щоб встановити Adobe Flash Player для використання у Konqueror і/або Firefox, встановіть пакунок flashplugin-nonfree. Якщо вам потрібні докладніші настанови щодо встановлення програми, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом документації Додавання програм. + +Додатковий крок для Konqueror +Щоб програма Konqueror змогла виявити щойно встановлений додаток, вам не потрібно перезавантажувати систему, — просто перезапустіть Konqueror, а потім відкрийте діалогове вікно налаштування програми (Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетНавігатор Тенет). Гортайте вниз список на лівій панелі вікна налаштувань, аж доки не побачите пункту Втулки. Позначте цей пункт і натисніть у правій частині вікна кнопку Шукати нові втулки. Після завершення процедури пошуку натисніть кнопку Гаразд. + + + + +Gnash + +Gnash є вільним еквівалентом з відкритим кодом пропрієтарного продукту Adobe Flash Player. Поточні версії програми є тестовими, вони не працюють належним чином на багатьох сайтах, що використовують технології Flash. + + +Встановлення Gnash для Konqueror + +Щоб користуватися Gnash у Konqueror, просто встановіть пакунок konqueror-plugin-gnash. Якщо вам потрібні докладніші настанови щодо встановлення програми, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом документації Додавання програм. Після завершення процедури встановлення запустіть Konqueror за допомогою пункту меню Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетНавігатор Тенет. + + + +Встановлення Gnash для Firefox + +Щоб користуватися Gnash у Firefox, просто встановіть пакунок mozilla-plugin-gnash. Якщо вам потрібні докладніші настанови щодо встановлення програми, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом документації Додавання програм. Після завершення процедури встановлення запустіть Firefox за допомогою пункту меню Засіб запуску програм KickoffПрограмиІнтернетНавігатор Тенет. + + + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/de/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/de/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/de/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/de/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Wilkommen bei <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Dieses Dokument gibt einen kurzen Überblick zu Kubuntu, der vor oder nach der Installation gelesen werden sollte. + + + + +Wilkommen und Danke +Wilkommen zu Kubuntu 10.04, der Lucid Lynx Veröffentlichung. Kubuntu ist ein benutzerfreundliches, linuxbasiertes Betriebssystem, das den KDE Plasma Desktop nutzt. Mit einem festen sechs Monats Zyklus als Teil des Ubuntu Projekts ist Kubuntu die Linux Distribution für jeden. Das ganze Kubuntu Team möchte Ihnen danken, dass Sie Kubuntu gewählt haben. +Um mehr über Kubuntu zu lesen, schauen Sie sich bitte das ÜberKubuntu Thema an. +Um mehr über die Kubuntu Arbeitsumgebung zu lesen, schauen Sie sich bitte das Kubuntu Arbeitsumgebungs Thema an. + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Veröffentlichungen +Kubuntu hat momentan zwei Arten von Veröffentlichungen zum herrunterladen. Für weitere Informationen zu den Veröffentlichungen, wählen Sie bitte einen der beiden Verknüpfungen hierunter aus. + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Ausgestattet mit KDE 4.4.2 kann es entweder mit Laptops oder mit Desktoprechnern genutzt werden. Kubuntu ist eine vollfunktionstüchtiges Desktopbetriebssystem, dass viele Programme, die zu Ihren täglichen Bedürfnisse passent enthält. Mehr als 20.000 andere Programme sind verfügbar und können installiert werden. +Haben Sie ein Netbook? +Wenn Sie ein eigenes Netbook besitzten, hat Kubuntu eine auf kleine Rechner angepasste Version. Mehr Informationen zum Netbook Remix können im Abschnitt gefunden werden. + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Ausgestattet mit KDE 4.4.2 mit der Plasma Netbook Arbeitsumgebung, optimiert für den Einsatz auf Netbooks und kleineren, tragbaren Geräten. Der Kubuntu Netbook Remix ist ein vollfunktionstüchtiges Betriebssystem, dass viele Programme für den täglichen Gebrauch enthält. Mehr als 20.000 andere Programme sind verfügbar und können installiert werden. + + + + +Installieren von <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Das Installieren der Kubuntu Desktop Edition und des Netbook Remixs läuft exakt identisch ab. Beide benutzten den selben graphischen Installationsassistenten auch als Ubiquity bekannt. + + + +Hilfe zu <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> bekommen +Um mehr darüber zu erfahren wie man Hilfe zu Kubuntu bekommt, besuchen Sie das Hilfe für Kubuntu Thema. + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Systemdokumentation +Kubuntu kommt mit einer Systemdokumentation, die verschiedene Bereiche abdeckt. Hierin werden Einleitungen, Anpassungs- und Fehlerbehebungsthemen bereitgestellt. +Um Kubuntus Systemdokumentation zu betrachten, schauen Sie sich bitte das Kubuntu Systemdokumentationsregister an. +Ebenso wird mit Kubuntu die KDE Dokumentation mitgeliefert. Diese enthält Handbücher für viele installierte Programme. Um eine Liste aller KDE Dokumentationen zu sehen, öffnet man Hilfe (auch als KHelpCenter bekannt) indem man Kickoff-Anwendungs-StarterAnwendungenHilfe auswählt. + + +Ausfüllen und Bestätigen von Fehlerberichten +Um mehr über das Ausfüllen von Fehlerberichten für Kubuntu zu lernen, schauen Sie sich Kubuntu Fehlerberichte an. + + + + +Beitragen zu <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Um mehr über das Beitragen zum Kubuntu Projekt zu erfahren, schauen Sie sich bitte Beitragen zu Kubuntu an. + + + +Kontaktieren des <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Projekts +Wenn Sie daran interessiert sind das Kubuntu zu kontaktieren, sehen Sie sich Kontaktieren von Kubuntu an. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/es/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/es/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/es/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/es/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Binevenido/a a <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento proporciona un vistazo breve de Kubuntu para su lectura antes o después de la instalación. + + + + +Bienvenido/a y gracias +Bienvenido/a a Kubuntu 10.04, versión Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu es un sistema operativo basado en Linux amigable que usa el escritorio de Plasma de KDE. Con un ciclo predecible de lanzamiento semestral como parte del proyecto Ubuntu, Kubuntu es la distribución para todos. Todo el equipo de Kubuntu le agradece su elección de Kubuntu. +Para leer más acerca de Kubuntu, véase el tema Acerca de Kubuntu. +Para leer más acerca del escritorio de Kubuntu, véase el tema Escritorio de Kubuntu. + + + +Distribuciones de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu está disponible actualmente en dos modalidades de descarga. Para más información acerca de ellas, elija un enlace: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Incluye KDE 4.4.2 para usarse tanto en portátiles como en ordenadores de escritorio. Kubuntu es un sistema operativo de escritorio completo que contiene muchas aplicaciones para ayudarle con sus necesidades cotidianas, con más de 20.000 otros títulos disponibles para instalarse fácilmente. +¿Tiene un netbook? +Si dispone de un netbook, Kubuntu tiene una versión optimizada específicamente para dichos pequeños portátiles. Hay más información disponible de la versión netbook remix en la sección . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Presenta KDE 4.4.2 con el espacio de trabajo Plasma Netbook, que está optimizado para su uso con los netbooks y otros dispositivos portátiles más pequeños. Kubuntu Netbook Remix es un sistema operativo completo que contiene abundantes aplicaciones para cubrir sus necesidades diarias, con más de 20.000 títulos adicionales disponibles para instalarse fácilmente. + + + + +Instalar <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Instalar Kubuntu edición de escritorio o la edición Netbook Remix es exactamente lo mismo. Ambas usan el mismo instalador gráfico conocido como Ubiquity. + + + +Conseguir soporte para <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para leer más sobre cómo recibir soporte para Kubuntu, visite el tema Soporte de Kubuntu. + +Documentación del sistema <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu se envía con documentación del sistema que cubre varios temas introductorios así como de configuración y resolución de problemas. +Para ver la documentación del sistema Kubuntu, visite el índice de documentación del sistema de Kubuntu. +Enviada conjuntamente con Kubuntu, la documentación de KDE contiene manuales para muchas de las aplicaciones instaladas. Para ver una lista de la documentación de KDE, abra Ayuda (también conocida como KHelpCenter), yendo a Lanzador de aplicaciones KickoffAplicacionesAyuda. + + +Notificar y revisar informes de errores +Para aprender como enviar informes de error de Kubuntu, vea el tema Errores de Kubuntu. + + + + +Contribuir a <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para leer más acerca de contribuir al proyecto Kubuntu, vea el tema Contribuir aKubuntu + + + +Contactar con el proyecto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Si le interesa contactar con el equipo de Kubuntu, vea el tema Contacto Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/et/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/et/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/et/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/et/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,502 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Tere tulemast <phrase>Kubuntusse</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +See dokument sisaldab Kubuntu lühiülevaadet, mida tuleks lugeda enne või peale paigaldamist. + + + + +Tere tulemast ja täname sind Kubuntu kasutamise eest! +Tere tulemast Kubuntusse versioon 10.04, Lucid Lynx väljalaskesse. Kubuntu on kasutajasõbralik Linuxi baasil operatsioonisüsteem, mis kasutab KDE Plasma töölauda. Kõigile teadaoleva kuuekuulise väljalaske tsükliga Ubuntu projektKubuntu on Linuxi distributsioon kõigi jaoks. Kogu Kubuntu meeskond tänab sind, et valisid Kubuntu. +Lisalugemist Kubuntu kohta leiad vaadates Kubuntu teabe sektsiooni. +Lisalugemist Kubuntu töölaua kohta leiad vaadates Kubuntu töölaua teemat. + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> väljalasked +Kubuntul on allalaadimiseks saadaval hetkel kaks tüüpi väljalaset. Nende kohta rohkema informatsiooni saamiseks vali palun järgnev link: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; + +Features KDE 4.4.2 to be used on either laptops or desktop computers. +Kubuntu is a full-featured desktop operating system that contains plenty of +applications to suit your everyday needs, with more than 20,000 other titles +available to be easily installed. + +Omad sülearvutit? + +If you own a netbook computer, Kubuntu has a version optimized specifically +for these small computers. More information on the netbook remix can be found in +the section. + + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 + +Features KDE 4.4.2 with the Plasma Netbook workspace that is optimized +for use with netbooks and smaller, portable devices. The Kubuntu Netbook Remix +is a full-featured operating system that contains plenty of applications to +suit your everyday needs, with more than 20,000 other titles available to be +easily installed. + + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> paigaldamine +Pole vahet kas sa paigaldad Kubuntu töölaua versiooni või Netbook Remix versiooni, mõlemad kasutavad samasugust graafilist paigaldajat Ubiquity. + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> kohta toe saamine. +Lisalugemist Kubuntu tugiinfo kohta leiad Kubuntu toe teemas. + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> süsteemi dokumentatsioon + +Kubuntu ships with system documentation covering various topics which provide +introduction as well as configuration and troubleshooting topics. + +Kubuntu süsteemi dokumentatsiooni nägemiseks vaata Kubuntu süsteemi dokumentatsiooni Index. +Kubuntuga on kaasas KDE dokumentatsioon, mis sisaldab paljude paigaldatud rakenduste käsiraamatuid. KDE dokumentatsiooni loendi nägemiseks ava Abi (teatud kui ka KHelpCenter), minnes Kickoff rakenduse käivitajaRakendusedAbi. + + +Veateadete arhiveerimine ja ülevaatamine +Kubuntu veateadete arhiveerimise kohta vaata Kubuntu vigade teemat. + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntule</phrase> kaasaaitamine +Kubuntu projektile kaasaaitamise kohta rohkema info saamiseks vaata Kubuntu kaasaaitamise teemat. + + + +Võta ühendust <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> projektiga +Kui sa oled huvitatud Kubuntu meeskonnaga ühenduse võtmisest, vaata Kubuntuga kontakteerumise teemat. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/fr/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/fr/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/fr/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/fr/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bienvenue sur <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ce document constitue une présentation rapide de Kubuntu à lire avant ou après l'installation. + + + + +Bienvenue et merci d'avoir choisi Kubuntu +Bienvenue sur Kubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu est un système d'exploitation intuitif et facile d'accès utilisant le bureau KDE Plasma. Une nouvelle version de cette distribution qui s'adresse à tous, est publiée tous les six mois. L'ensemble de l'équipe Kubuntu tient à vous remercier d'avoir choisi ce système. +Pour en savoir plus sur Kubuntu, veuillez consulter la section à propos de Kubuntu. +Pour plus d'informations sur le bureau de Kubuntu, consultez la section Bureau Kubuntu + + + +Les versions de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Actuellement deux versions de Kubuntu sont proposées au téléchargement. Pour plus d'information choisissez l'un es liens ci-dessous : + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Cette version fonctionne avec KDE 4.4.2 pour une utilisation sur ordinateur portable ou de bureau. Kubuntu constitue un système d'exploitation complet avec de nombreuses applications pour vos tâches quotidiennes. Plus de 20 000 applications supplémentaires sont disponibles et facilement installables. +Kubuntu pour les ultra-portables +Si vous avez un ordinateur ultra-portable (netbook), Kubuntu propose une version optimisée pour ces petits ordinateurs. Vous aurez plus de renseignements dans la section . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Cette version fonctionne avec KDE 4.4.2 et l'environnement de bureau Plasma Netbook optimisé pour une utilisation sur ordinateur portable ou ultra-portable. Kubuntu Netbook Remix constitue un système d'exploitation complet avec de nombreuses applications pour vos tâches quotidiennes. Plus de 20 000 applications supplémentaires sont disponibles et facilement installables. + + + + +Installation de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +L'installation de Kubuntu Netbook Remix est identique à celle de la version pour ordinateur de bureau. Dans les deux cas elle s'effectue en mode graphique grâce à l'application appelée Ubiquity.. + + + +Obtenir de l'aide sur <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Pour connaître les différents moyens d'aide et de soutien pour Kubuntu, veuillez consulter la section Kubuntuassistance. + +Documentation de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu est fournie avec une documentation riche comprenant aussi bien des présentations que des explications sur les configurations et la résolution de problèmes. +Pour avoir un aperçu de l'ensemble de la documentation du système, veuillez consulter l'index de la documentation Kubuntu. +La documentation de KDE est également fournie avec Kubuntu. Elle contient les guides pour la plupart des applications installées. Pour la consulter, ouvrez l'aide (KHelpCenter) en allant dans le lanceur d'applicationsApplicationsAide + + +Signalement et suivi des bogues +Pour savoir comment effectuer un signalement de bogue, veuillez consulter la section bogues Kubuntu + + + + +Contribuer à <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Pour connaître les divers moyens de contribuer au projet Kubuntu, veuillez consulter la section contribuer à Kubuntu. + + + +Entrer en conatc avecle projet <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Si vous désirez entrer en contact avec l'équipe Kubuntu, veuillez consulter la section contacter Kubuntu + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/gl/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/gl/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/gl/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/gl/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Benvidos ao <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Aquí ten unha breve descrición do Kubuntu para ler antes ou despois da instalación. + + + + +Benvido e grazas +Benvido ao Kubuntu 10.04, versión Lucid Lynx . Kubuntu é un sistema operativo baseado en Linux e doado de utilizar que usa o escritorio KDE Plasma . Como parte do proxecto Ubuntu o seu ciclo de lanzamento será de seis meses, Kubuntu é unha distribución Linux para todos. O equipo Kubuntu agradécelle a súa elección Kubuntu. +Para ler máis Kubuntu, Vexa o asunto About Kubuntu. +Para ler máis sobre o escritorio Kubuntu Desktop, vexa o asunto Kubuntu Desktop. + + + +Publicacións de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu actualmente ten dous tipo de publicacións para descargar. Para obter máis información sobre as publicacións, por favor, seleccione unha ligazón das de embaixo: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +As características do KDE 4.4.2 pódense usar tanto en computadores de escritorio como portátiles. Kubuntu é un sistema operativo de escritorio completo que contén moitos aplicativos para cumplir coas necesidades cotiás, con máis de 20,000 títulos dipoñíbeis para ser instalados con facilidade. +Ten vostede un miniportátil (netbook)? +Se vostede ten un miniportátil (netbook)?, Kubuntu ten unha versión optimizada para estae pequenos computadores. Pode atopar máis información sobre o netbook remix na sección . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +As características do KDE 4.4.2 co espazo de traballo Plasma Netbook está optimizada para usarse con netbooks e outros dispositivos portátiles. O Kubuntu Netbook Remix é un sistema operativo completo que ten moitos aplicativos para cumplir coas necesidades cotiás, con máis de 20,000 títulos dispoñibles para ser instalados con facilidade. + + + + +Instalando <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Tanto a instalación de Kubuntu Desktop Edition ou a Netbook Remix é exactamente a mesma. Ámbalas dúas usan o mesmo instalador gráfico coñecido como Ubiquity. + + + +Conseguir asistencia para <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para saber máis sobre cómo recibir asistencia para Kubuntu, vaia ao asunto Kubuntu Asistencia. + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Documentación do sistema +Kubuntu distribúese coa documentación do sistema que inclúe varios asuntos como unha presentación así como a resolución de problemas e a configuración. +Para ver Kubuntu a documentación do sistema, vaia a Kubuntu Índice da documentación do sistema. +Tamén distribuido coa Kubuntu é a documentación KDE que contén manuais para moitos dos aplicativos instalados. Para ver a lista da documentación KDE, abra Axuda (tamén coñecida como KHelpCenter) indo a Lanzador de aplicativos KickoffAplicativosAxuda. + + +Encher e revisar os informes de fallos +Para aprender a encher os informes de fallos para Kubuntu, vaia ao asunto Kubuntu Fallos topic. + + + + +Contribuir co <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para saber máis sobre como contribuir ao proxecto Kubuntu . vaia ao asunto Contribuindo ao Kubuntu . + + + +Porse en contacto co proxecto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Se quere porse en contacto co equipo Kubuntu, vaia ao asunto Contactar con Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/it/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/it/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/it/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/it/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Benvenuti in <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Questo documento offre una breve panoramica di Kubuntu da leggere prima o dopo l'installazione. + + + + +Benvenuti e grazie +Benvenuti in Kubuntu 10.04, rilascio Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu è un sistema operativo di facile uso basato su Linux, che utilizza il desktop KDE Plasma. Con un ciclo di rilascio semestrale programmato e facente parte del progetto Ubuntu, Kubuntu è la distribuzione Linux per tutti. L'intera squadra di Kubuntu vi ringrazia per aver scelto Kubuntu. +Per maggiori informazioni su Kubuntu, consultate l'argomento Informazioni su Kubuntu. +Per maggiori informazioni sul desktop di Kubuntu, consultate l'argomento Il desktop di Kubuntu. + + + +Rilasci di <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu ha attualmente due tipi di rilasci disponibili per lo scaricamento. Per maggiori informazioni sui rilasci, selezionate uno dei collegamenti qui sotto: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Si caratterizza per KDE 4.4.2, utilizzabile sia sui portatili, sia sui computer desktop. Kubuntu è un sistema operativo desktop completo che contiene tantissime applicazioni da adattare alle vostre necessità quotidiane, e più di altri 20.000 titoli disponibili di facile installazione. +Possedete un ultraportatile? +Se possedete un computer ultraportatile, Kubuntu ha una versione ottimizzata specificamente per questi piccoli computer. Potete trovare maggiori informazioni su netbook remix nella sezione . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Si caratterizza per KDE 4.4.2 con lo spazio di lavoro Plasma Netbook, ottimizzato per l'uso con ultraportatili e dispositivi più piccoli e portatili. Kubuntu Netbook Remix è un sistema operativo completo che contiene tantissime applicazioni da adattare alle vostre necessità quotidiane, con più di altri 20.000 titoli disponibili di facile installazione. + + + + +Installare <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +L'installazione di Kubuntu Desktop Edition o di Netbook Remix è esattamente la stessa. Entrambe usano lo stesso installatore grafico Ubiquity. + + + +Ottenere assistenza per <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Per ulteriori informazioni sull'ottenimento di assistenza per Kubuntu, consultate l'argomento Supporto di Kubuntu topic. + +Documentazione del sistema <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu è distribuito con un sistema di documentazione che abbraccia vari argomenti e che comprendono la sua introduzione, così come la configurazione e la risoluzione dei problemi. +Per visualizzare la documentazione di Kubuntu, consultate l'Indice della documentazione di Kubuntu. +Con Kubuntu viene fornita anche la documentazione di KDE, che contiene i manuali per molte delle applicazioni installate. Per visualizzare l'elenco della documentazione di KDE, aprite Aiuto (conosciuto anche come Guida di KDE) da Lancia applicazioni KickoffApplicazioniAiuto. + + +Preparare e inviare segnalazioni errori +Per avere informazioni su come preparare le segnalazioni di errore per Kubuntu, consultate l'argomento Bug in Kubuntu. + + + + +Contribuire a <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Per maggiori informazioni su come contribuire al progetto Kubuntu, consultate l'argomento Contribuire a Kubuntu. + + + +Contattare il progetto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Se siete interessati a contattare la squadra di Kubuntu, consultate l'argomento Contattare Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/ja/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/ja/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/ja/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/ja/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> へようこそ +&legalnotice; + +このドキュメントでは Kubuntu の概略について紹介します。インストールの前または後に読むとよいでしょう。 + + + + +感謝と歓迎 +Kubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx へようこそ。Kubuntu は Linux をベースとした使いやすいオペレーティングシステムで KDE Plasma デスクトップを採用しています。Ubuntu プロジェクトの一部として６ヶ月ごとに定期的にリリースされている Kubuntu はすべての人のための Linux ディストリビューションです。Kubuntu を選んでいただき Kubuntu チーム一同感謝しております。 +Kubuntu について詳しく知りたい場合は、Kubuntu についてをご覧ください。 +Kubuntu デスクトップについて詳しく知りたい場合は、Kubuntu デスクトップをご覧ください。 + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> リリース +Kubuntu は現在 2 つのタイプのリリースがダウンロード可能です。リリースに関する詳しい情報につきましては、以下のリンクを参照してください: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +KDE 4.4.2 を採用しており、ラップトップおよびデスクトップコンピュータのどちらでも利用可能です 。Kubuntu はフル機能のデスクトップ・オペレーティングシステムで様々なニーズに応える豊富なアプリケーションが含まれており、その他にも 20,000 以上ものアプリケーションを簡単にインストールすることができます。 +ネットブックをお持ちですか？ +ネットブック・コンピュータ所有者のために、Kubuntu は小さなコンピュータに特化したバージョンを用意しています。Netbook Remix に関する詳しい情報は をご覧ください。 + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +KDE 4.4.2 とともに、ネットブックやさらに小さいポータブルデバイスでの使用に最適化した Plasma Netbook ワークスペースを採用しています。Kubuntu Netbook Remix はフル機能のオペレーティングシステムで様々なニーズに応える豊富なアプリケーションが含まれており、その他にも 20,000 以上ものアプリケーションを簡単にインストールすることができます。 + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> をインストールする +Kubuntu Desktop Edition と Netbook Remix のインストールは全く一緒です。共に Ubiquity という同じグラフィカルなインストーラを使用しています。 + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> のサポートを受ける +Kubuntu のサポートについての詳しい情報は、Kubuntu サポートをご覧ください。 + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> システムドキュメンテーション +Kubuntu は入門から設定、トラブルシューティングなど様々なトピックスを網羅したシステムドキュメンテーションを同梱しています。 +Kubuntu のシステムドキュメンテーションを読むには、Kubuntu システムドキュメンテーション 目次をご覧ください。 +また Kubuntu にはインストールされているアプリケーションの説明書が多数含まれている KDE ドキュメンテーションが収録されています。KDE ドキュメンテーションのリストをご覧になるには、Kickoff アプリケーションランチャーアプリケーションヘルプ から ヘルプ (KHelpCenter と呼ばれることもあります) を開いてください。 + + +バグレポートを提出・検討する +phrase>Kubuntu + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> に貢献する +Kubuntu プロジェクトへの貢献方法について詳しく知りたい場合は、Kubuntu に貢献するをご覧ください。 + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> プロジェクトと連絡を取る +Kubuntu チームと連絡を取りたい場合は、Kubuntu とコンタクトをご覧ください。 + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/km/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/km/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/km/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/km/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,509 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +សូម​ស្វាគមន៍​មក​កាន់​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +ឯកសារ​នេះ​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ទិដ្ឋភាព​សង្ខេប​ទូទៅរបស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​អាន​មុន ឬ​ក្រោយ​ការដំឡើង ។ + +ម៉ន ម៉ែត, សេង សុត្ថាខឹម សុខែម + + +ស្វាគមន៍ និង​​ថ្លែង​អំណរ​គុណ + +Welcome to Kubuntu 10.04, the Lucid Lynx release. Kubuntu is a +user-friendly, Linux-based operating system that uses the KDE Plasma Desktop. +With a predictable six month release cycle as part of the Ubuntu project, +Kubuntu is the Linux distribution for everyone. The entire Kubuntu team +thanks you for choosing Kubuntu. + +ដើម្បី​អាន​បន្ថែម​​អំពី​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ សូម​មើល​ប្រធាន​បទ​ ​អំពី គូប៊ុនទូ ។ +ដើម្បី​អាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ផ្ទៃ​តុ គូប៊ុនទូ សូម​មើល​ប្រធាន​បទផ្ទៃ​តុ​​ Kubuntu ។ + + + +ឯកសារ​​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​របស់<phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +បច្ចុប្បន្ន​នេះ​គូប៊ុនទូ មាន​ឯកសារ​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​ពីរ​ប្រភេទដែល​អាច​ប្រើ​បាន​សម្រាប់​ការ​ទាញ​យក ។ ចំពោះ​ព័ត៌​មាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ឯកសារ​ចេញ​ផ្សាយ​ សូម​ជ្រើស​តំណ​ខាង​ក្រោម ៖ + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; + +Features KDE 4.4.2 to be used on either laptops or desktop computers. +Kubuntu is a full-featured desktop operating system that contains plenty of +applications to suit your everyday needs, with more than 20,000 other titles +available to be easily installed. + +មាន​ netbook ឬ​អត់ ? + +If you own a netbook computer, Kubuntu has a version optimized specifically +for these small computers. More information on the netbook remix can be found in +the section. + + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 + +Features KDE 4.4.2 with the Plasma Netbook workspace that is optimized +for use with netbooks and smaller, portable devices. The Kubuntu Netbook Remix +is a full-featured operating system that contains plenty of applications to +suit your everyday needs, with more than 20,000 other titles available to be +easily installed. + + + + + +ការដំឡើង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> + +Installing either Kubuntu Desktop Edition or the Netbook Remix is exactly the +same. Both use the same graphical installer known as +Ubiquity. + + + + +ទទួល​យក​ការ​គាំ​ទ្រសម្រាប់​​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +ដើម្បី​អាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការទទួល​បាន​ការ​គាំ​ទ្រ​សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុនទូ​ សូម​មើល​ប្រធាន​បទការគាំទ្រ​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + +ឯកសារ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​<phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +គូប៊ុនទូ ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ​ឯកសារ​ប្រព័ន្ធ​ដែល​គ្រប់​ដណ្តប់​ដោយ​ប្រធាន​បទ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​ ដែល​ផ្តល់​នូវ​ការណែ​នាំ ព្រម​ទាំង​ប្រធាន​បទ​កំណត់​រចនា​សម្ព័ន្ធ​ និង​ការដោះស្រាយ​បញ្ហា ។ +ដើម្បី​មើល​ឯកសារប្រព័ន្ធ​របស់​ គូប៊ុនទូ សូម​មើល​លិបិក្រម​ឯកសារ​ប្រព័ន្ធរបស់​​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ +ដែល​បាន​ភ្ជាប់​មក​ជា​មួយ គូប៊ុនទូ​ ដែរ​នោះ​គឺ​ឯកសារ​របស់​ KDE ដែល​មាន​សៀវភៅ​សម្រាប់​កម្មវិធីជា​ច្រើន​ដែល​នឹង​ត្រូវ​ដំឡើង ។ ដើម្បី​មើល​បញ្ជី​ឯកសារ​របស់​ KDE បើក​ ជំនួយ (ផង​ដែរ​នោះ​ ត្រូវ​បាន​ស្គាល់​ថា​ជា​ KHelpCenter) ដោយ​ចូល​ទៅ​កាន់​ កម្មវិធី​ដំណើរ​ការ​របស់​កម្មវិធី Kickoff កម្មវិធី​ជំនួយ + + +ចង​ក្រង និង​ពិនិត្យ​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​ឡើងវិញ +ដើម្បី​ស្វែង​យល់​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការ​ចង​ក្រង​របាយ​ការណ៍​កំហុស​សម្រាប់​ គូប៊ុនទូ សូម​មើល​ប្រធាន​បទកំហុស​​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + + +ចែក​ចាយ​ទៅ​កាន់​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +ដើម្បី​អាន​បន្ថែម​អំពី​ការ​ចែក​ចាយ​ទៅ​កាន់​គម្រោង​ គូប៊ុន​ទូ ​សូម​មើល​ប្រធាន​បទ​ ចែក​ចាយ​ទៅ​កាន់​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + + +ទាក់​ទង​ជា​មួយ​គម្រោង​ <phrase>គូប៊ុនទូ</phrase> +បើ​អ្នក​ចាប់​អារម្មណ៍​ជា​មួយ​នឹង​ការទំនាក់​ទំនង​ជា​មួយ​ក្រុម​ គូប៊ុនទូ ​សូម​មើល​ប្រអប់​ ទំនាក់​ទំនង​ គូប៊ុនទូ ។ + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/oc/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/oc/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/oc/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/oc/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Benvenguda dins <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Aqueste document constituís una presentacion rapida de Kubuntu de legir abans o aprèp l'installacion. + + + + +Benvenguda e mercés +Benvenguda sus Kubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu es un sistèma operatiu intuitiu e aisit d'accès qu'utiliza lo burèu KDE Plasma. Una version novèla d'aqueste distribucion que s'adreça a totes, es publicada cada sièis meses. L'ensemble de l'equipa Kubuntu vos vòl mercejar d'aver causit aqueste sistèma. +Per ne saber mai sus Kubuntu, consultatz la seccion a prepaus de Kubuntu. +Per mai d'entresenhas sul burèu de Kubuntu, consultatz la seccion Burèu Kubuntu + + + +Las versions de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Actualament, doas versions de Kubuntu son prepausadas al telecargament. Per mai d'entresenhas causissètz un dels ligams çaijós : + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Aquesta version fonciona amb KDE 4.4.2 per una utilizacion sus ordenador portable o de burèu. Kubuntu constituís un sistèma operatiu complet amb fòrça aplicacions per vòstres prètzfaches quotidians. Mai de 20 000 aplicacions suplementàrias son disponiblas e de bon installar. +Kubuntu pels ultraportables +S'avètz un ordenador ultraportable (netbook), Kubuntu prepausa una version optimizada per aqueles pichons ordenadors. Auretz mai d'entresenhas dins la seccion . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Aquesta version fonciona amb KDE 4.4.2 e l'environament de burèu Plasma Netbook optimizat per una utilizacion sus ordenador portable o ultraportable. Kubuntu Netbook Remix constituís un sistèma operatiu complet amb fòrça aplicacions per vòstres prètzfaches quotidians. Mai de 20 000 aplicacions suplementàrias son disponiblas e installablas aisidament. + + + + +Installacion de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +L'installacion de Kubuntu Netbook Remix es identica a la de la version per ordenador de burèu. Dins los dos cases, s'efectua en mòde grafic gràcias a l'aplicacion apelada Ubiquity.. + + + +Obténer d'ajuda sus <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Per conéisser los diferents mejans d'ajuda e de sosten per Kubuntu, consultatz la seccion Kubuntuassistance. + +Documentacion de <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu es provesit amb una documentacion rica que compren tant plan de presentacions coma d'explicacions sus las configuracions e la resolucion de problèmas. +Per aver un apercebut de l'ensemble de la documentacion del sistèma, consultatz l'indèx de la documentacion Kubuntu. +La documentacion de KDE es provesida tanben amb Kubuntu. Conten los guidas per la màger part de las aplicacions installadas. Per la consultar, dobrissètz l'ajuda (KHelpCenter) en anant dins l' aviador d'aplicacionsAplicacionsAjuda + + +Senhalament e seguiment dels bugs +Per saber cossí efectuar un senhalament de bug, consultatz la seccion bugs Kubuntu + + + + +Contribuir a <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Per conéisser los divèrses mejans de contribuir al projècte Kubuntu, consultatz la seccion contribuir a Kubuntu. + + + +Entrar en contacte amb lo projècte <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Se volètz entrar en contacte amb la còla Kubuntu, consultatz la seccion contactar Kubuntu + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/pt_BR/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/pt_BR/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/pt_BR/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/pt_BR/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Bem-vindo(a) ao <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Este documento fornece uma breve panorâmica do Kubuntu para ser lida antes ou após a instalação. + + + + +Bem-vindo(a) e obrigado +Bem-vindo ao Kubuntu 10.04, versão Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu é um sistema operacional baseado em Linux amigável ao usuário, que usa o KDE Plasma Desktop. Com um ciclo de seis meses para cada liberação sendo parte do projeto Ubuntu, Kubuntu é a distribuição Linux para todos. Todo o time Kubuntu agradece você por escolher o Kubuntu. +Para maiores informações sobre o Kubuntu, por gentileza visite o tópico SobreKubuntu. +Para maiores informações sobre o Kubuntu Desktop, por gentileza, visite o tópico Kubuntu Desktop. + + + +Lançamentos <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +O Kubuntu atualmente possui duas versões disponíveis para baixar. Para maiores informações sobre as versões, por gentileza selecione o link abaixo: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Contém KDE 4.4.2, que pode ser usado tanto em laptops quanto em computadores de mesa. O Kubuntu é um sistema operacional completo para seu desktop, contém um infinidade de aplicativos para suas tarefas diárias, e tem acesso a mais de 20,000 outros títulos disponíveis de forma fácil para instalação. +Tem um netbook? +Se você possui um netbook, o Kubuntu possui uma versão otimizada especificamente para estes pequenos computadores. Maiores informações sobre o netbook remix podem ser visualizadas na seção . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Características KDE 4.4.2, com a área de trabalho Plasma Netbook que é otimizada para uso com netbooks e dispositivos portáteis menores. O Kubuntu Netbook Remix é um sistema operacional completo que contém muitas aplicações para atender às suas necessidades diárias, com mais de 20.000 outros títulos disponíveis para serem facilmente instalados. + + + + +Instalando <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Instalando qualquer Kubuntu Edição Desktop ou o Netbook Remix é exatamente o mesmo. Ambos usam o mesmo instalador gráfico conhecido como Ubiquity. + + + +Obtendo suporte para <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para ler mais sobre receber suporte para Kubuntu, visite o tópico Kubuntu Suporte. + +Documentação do Sistema <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu vem com documentação do sistema cobrindo vários tópicos que dão introdução assim como configuração e resolução de problemas. +Para ver a documentação do sistema do Kubuntu, visite o Kubuntu Índice da Documentação do Sistema. +Também enviada com o Kubuntu está a documentação do KDE, que contém manuais de muitos dos aplicativos instalados. Para ver uma lista da documentação do KDE, abra a Ajuda (também conhecido como Centro de ajuda do KDE) indo até o Lançador de aplicações KickoffAplicativosAjuda. + + +Registrando e análisando relatórios de erro +Para ler mais sobre registrando relatórios de erro para Kubuntu, visite o tópico Kubuntu Erros. + + + + +Contribua com <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Para ler mais sobre como contribuir para o projeto Kubuntu, visite o tópico Contribuindo para o Kubuntu. + + + +Contatando o Projeto <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Se você estiver interessado em entrar em contato com o time Kubuntu, visite o tópico Contact Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/ru/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/ru/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/ru/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/ru/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Добро пожаловать в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Настоящий документ содержит краткий обзор Kubuntu, прочитайте до или после установки. + + + + +Добро пожаловать и спасибо +Добро пожаловать в Kubuntu 10.04, Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu является дружественной для пользователей операционной системой. Kubuntu основан на Linux и использует KDE Plasma Desktop. С предсказуемым шестимесячным циклом выпусков, Kubuntu дистрибутив для всех. Команда разработчиков Kubuntu благодарит вас за выбор! +Чтобы узнать больше о Kubuntu, пожалуйста, смотрите тему О Kubuntu. +Чтобы узнать больше о Kubuntu, пожалуйста, смотрите тему Kubuntu Desktop. + + + +Выпуски <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu в настоящее время имеет два типа релизы доступны для скачивания. Для получения дополнительной информации о выпусках, пожалуйста, выберите ссылку ниже: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Возможности KDE 4.4.2, могут использоваться как на ноутбуках, так и на настольных ПК. Kubuntu является полнофункциональной операционной системой, которая содержит множество приложений для удовлетворения ваших повседневных потребностей, причем более чем 20000 других приложений могут быть легко установлены. +Имеешь нетбук? +Если у вас есть нетбук, то у Kubuntu есть версия, оптимизированная специально для устройств с маленьким экраном. Более подробную информацию о Netbook Remix можно найти в разделе . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Особенности KDE 4.4.2 с рабочим окружением Plasma Netbook, оптимизация для использования с нетбуками и портативными устройствами. Kubuntu Netbook Remix является полнофункциональной операционной системой, которая содержит большое количество приложений для удовлетворения ваших повседневных потребностей, причем более чем 20000 других приложений могут быть легко установлены. + + + + +Установка <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Установка Kubuntu Desktop Edition и Netbook Remix одинаковая. Оба используют один и тот же графический установщик, известный как Ubiquity. + + + +Получение поддержки для <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Чтобы узнать больше о получении поддержки для Kubuntu, пожалуйста, смотрите тему Поддержка Kubuntu. + +Системная документация <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu поставляется с системной документацией, охватывающей различные темы, которые предусматривают введение, а также настройку и устранение неисправностей. +Для просмотра системной документации Kubuntu, смотрите Перечень системной документацииKubuntu. +Также с Kubuntu поставляется документация KDE, которая содержит справочники для многих из установленных приложений. Чтобы просмотреть список документации KDE, откройте Справка (также известная как KHelpCenter), перейдя Меню запуска приложений KickoffПриложенияСправка. + + +Сообщение об ошибках +Чтобы узнать о подаче отчетов об ошибках для Kubuntu, смотрите тему Ошибки в Kubuntu. + + + + +Внести вклад в <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Чтобы узнать больше о внесении вклада в проект Kubuntu, смотрите тему Внести вклад в Kubuntu. + + + +Связь с проектом <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Если вы заинтересованы в налаживании контактов с командой Kubuntu, смотрите тему Связь с Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sk/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sk/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sk/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sk/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Vitajte v <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Tento dokument obsahuje stručný prehľad o Kubuntu, môžete ho prečítať pred alebo po inštalácii. + + + + +Privítanie a poďakovanie +Vitajte v Kubuntu 10.04, vydaní Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu je užívateľsky prívetivý operačný systém postavený na Linuxe používajúci grafické prostredie KDE. Ako súčasť projektu Ubuntu, je aj Kubuntu pravidelne vydávané každých 6 mesiacov. Kubuntu je linuxovoá distribúcia pre každého. Celý vývojový tím Kubuntu vám ďakuje, že ste si vybrali práve Kubuntu. +Ak chcete vedieť o Kubuntu viac, prečítajte si časť O Kubuntu. +Ak sa chcete dozvedieť viac o Kubuntu, please view the Kubuntu Desktop topic. + + + +Vydania <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +V súčasnosti existujú dve vydania Kubuntu. Pre viac informácií kliknite na odkaz nižšie: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Prináša KDE 4.4.2 použiteľné rovnako na notebookoch tak aj stolových počítačoch. Kubuntuphrase> je plne vybaven +Používate netbook? +Ak vlastníte netbook, Kubuntu má verziu prispôsobenú špeciálne pre tieto malé počítače. Viac informácií môžete získať v časti netbook. + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Prináša KDE 4.4.2 s pracovnou plochou plasma pre netbooky. Kubuntuphrase> Netbook Remix je plne vybaven + + + + +Inštalácia <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Inštalácia oboch verzií Kubuntu, Desktop Edition aj Netbook Remix je rovnaká. Obe používajú rovnaký grafický inštalátor, známy ako Ubiquity. + + + +Získanie podpory pre <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Ak chcete zistiť viac o získaní podpory pre Kubuntu, prosím prečítajte si časť Podpora Kubuntu. + +Systémová dokumentácia <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu je dodávané s dokumetáciou pokrývajúcou rôzne oblasti od úvodu až po konfiguráciu a riešenie problémov. +Pre zobrazenie dokumentácie Kubuntu pozrite časťSystémová dokumentácia Kubuntu. +Spolu s Kubuntu je dodávaná aj dokumentácia KDE, ktorá obsahuje príručky pre mnohé nainštalované aplikácie Ak chcete zobraziť dokuemntáciu KDE, spustite Pomocníka (aleboKHelpCenter) cez spúšťač aplikácií KickoffAplikáciePomocník. + + +Vyplnenie a kontrola hlásení chýb +Ak sa chcete dozvedieť viac o vypĺňaní hlásenia chýb v Kubuntu, pozrite časťHlásenie chýb v Kubuntu . + + + + +Prispejte do <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Ak chcete vedieť viac o prispievaní do projektu, pozrite časť Prispievanie do Kubuntu. + + + +Kontaktovanie <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Ak máte záujem kontaktovat tím Kubuntu, prosím posrite časť Kontaktovanie Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sl/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sl/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sl/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sl/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Dobrodošli v <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Ta dokument vsebuje kratek pregled sistema Kubuntu in je namenjen branju pred ali po namestitvi. + + + + +Dobrodošlica in zahvala +Dobrodošli v Kubuntu 10.10, Maverick Meerkat. Kubuntu je uporabniku prijazen operacijski sistem, ki temelji na jedru Linux in uporablja namizno okolje KDE Plasma Desktop. Kot del projekta Ubuntu ima predvidljiv šest mesečni cikel izdajanja in je distribucija Linuxa, ki je namenjena vsakomur. Celotna ekipa Kubuntu se vam zahvaljuje, ker ste izbrali Kubuntu. +Več o sistemu Kubuntu si lahko preberete v temi O Kubuntu. +Več o izdaji Kubuntu Desktop si preberite v temi Kubuntu Desktop. + + + +Izdaji <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Trenutno sta za prenos na voljo dve izdaji Kubuntu. Več o izdajah si lahko preberete s klikom na spodnjo povezavo: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Vsebuje KDE-jevo zbirko programske opreme različice 4.5, ki je primerna za namizne in prenosne računalnike. Kubuntu je celovit operacijski sistem, ki vsebuje ogromno programov za vsakodnevne potrebe, z več kot 20.000 dodatnimi programi, ki so na voljo za preprosto namestitev. +Ali imate mali prenosnik? +Če ste lastnik malega prenosnika, vam Kubuntu ponuja posebno izdajo, ki je optimizirana za male prenosnike. Več o izdaji za male prenosnike najdete v razdelku . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.10 +Vsebuje KDE-jevo programsko opremo z delovnim okoljem KDE Plasma Netbook 4.5, ki je optimizirano za uporabo na malih prenosnikih in drugih manjših prenosnih napravah. Kubuntu Netbook Remix je celovit operacijski sistem, ki vsebuje ogromno programov za vsakodnevne potrebe, z več kot 20.000 dodatnimi programi, ki so na voljo za preprosto namestitev. + + + + +Nameščanje <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Nameščanje izdaj Kubuntu Desktop in Netbook Remix je popolnoma enako. Obe uporabljata isti grafični namestilnik, ki je znan kot Ubiquity. + + + +Kje dobiti podporo za <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Več o podpori za Kubuntu si preberite v temi Podpora za Kubuntu. + +Sistemska dokumentacija <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu vsebuje sistemsko dokumentacijo, ki pokriva razne teme, od uvodov in navodil za nastavitev, do tem o razreševanju težav. +Sistemsko dokumentacijo Kubuntu si lahko ogledate v Kazalu po sistemski dokumentaciji Kubuntu +V Kubuntu je na voljo tudi KDE-jeva dokumentacija, ki vsebuje priročnike za mnoge nameščene programe. Za ogled seznama KDE-jeve dokumentacije odprite Pomoč (program je znan kot KHelpCenter), ki je na voljo iz zaganjalnika programov KickoffProgramiPomo. + + +Poročanje napak +Da izveste, kako poročati o napakah v Kubuntu, si oglejte temo Napake v Kubuntu . + + + + +Prispevajte k <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Da izveste, kako prispevati k projektu Kubuntu, si oglejte temo Prispevanje k Kubuntu. + + + +Kako stopiti v stik s projektom <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Če želite stopiti v stik z ekipo projekta Kubuntu, si oglejte temo Stik s Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sr/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sr/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sr/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sr/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Добродошли у <phrase>Кубунту</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Овај документ обезбеђује кратак преглед Кубунтуа за читање пре или након инсталације. + + + + +Добродошли и Хвала Вам +Добродошли у Кубунту 10.04, издање Сјајног Риса (Lucid Lynx). Кубунту је кориснику наклоњен, оперативни систем заснован на Линуксу који користи КДЕ Плазма радну површину. Са шестомесечним предвидивим циклусом издања као део Убунту пројекта, Кубунту је Линукс дистрибуција за свакога. Цео Кубунту тим Вам захваљује што сте изабрали Кубунту. +Да прочитате нешто више о , . +Да прочитате нешто више о радној површини , . + + + +<phrase>Кубунту</phrase> издања +Кубунту тренутно има две врсте издања доступних за преузимање. За више информација о издањима, изаберите следећу везу: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Карактеристике КДЕ 4.4.2 које ће бити коришћене на преносивим или кућним рачунарима. Кубунту је потпуно функционалан оперативни систем који садржи велики број програма тако да одговара вашим свакодневним потребама, са више од 20.000 других наслова на располагању који се могу лако инсталирати. +Да ли имате нетбук? +Ако поседујете нетбук рачунар, Кубунту има две верзије посебно оптимизоване за те мале рачунаре. Више информација о нетбук ремиксу можете наћи у одељку . + + + + +<phrase>Кубунту</phrase> Нетбук Ремикс 10.04 +Карактеристичан КДЕ 4.4.2 са Плазма Нотебук радним простором који је оптимизован за употребу са нетбук и мањим, преносивим уређајима. Кубунту Нетбук Ремикс је потпуно функционалан оперативни систем који садржи велики број апликација тако да одговара вашим свакодневним потребама, са више од 20.000 других наслова на располагању који се могу лако инсталирати. + + + + +Инсталирати <phrase>Кубунту</phrase> +Инсталирање било Кубунту Десктоп издања или Нетбук Ремикса је потпуно исто. Оба користе исти графички инсталер познат као Убиквајити. + + + +Добити подршку за <phrase>Кубунту</phrase> +Да прочитате нешто више о добијању помоћи за Кубунту, погледајте тему Кубунту Подршка. + +Документација <phrase>Кубунту</phrase> система +Кубунту се испоручује са документацијом система која покрива различите теме које обезбеђују увод, као и подешавање и решавање проблема. +Да видите документацију система Кубунтуа, погледајте Кубунту Индекс Документације Система. +Такође испоручена са Кубунтуом је КДЕ документација која садржи приручнике за многе инсталиране апликације. Да видите списак КДЕ документације, отворите Помоћ (такође познат као КЦентарПомоћи) из менија Кикоф покретач програмаПрограмиПомоћ. + + +Попуњавање и прегледање извештаја о грешкама +Да научите како се попуњавају извештаји о грешкама за Кубунту, погледајте тему Кубунту Грешке. + + + + +Допринесите <phrase>Кубунтуу</phrase> +Да прочитате нешто више о доприношењу Кубунту пројекту, погледајте тему Допринети Кубунтуу. + + + +Контактирати <phrase>Кубунту</phrase> Пројекат +Ако сте заинтересовани да контактирате Кубунту тим, погледајте тему Контактирајте Кубунту. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sv/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sv/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/sv/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/sv/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:09.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Välkommen till <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +Detta dokument ger en kort översikt över Kubuntu för att läsas före eller efter installation. + + + + +Välkommen och tack +Välkommen till Kubuntu 10.04, Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu är ett användarvänligt, Linux-baserat operativsystem som använder KDE Plasma Desktop. Med en utgivningscykel på sex månader, som en del av Ubuntu-projektet, är Kubuntu Linux-distributionen för var och en. Hela Kubuntu-gruppen tackar dig för att du valde Kubuntu. +För att lära dig mer om Kubuntu, ta en titt på Om Kubuntu. +För att läsa mer om Kubuntu Desktop, se ämnet Kubuntu Desktop. + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-utgåvor +Kubuntu har för närvarande två typer av utgåvor tillgängliga för hämtning. För mer information om utgåvorna, välj en länk nedan: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Innehåller KDE 4.4.2 för att användas på antingen bärbara datorer eller skrivbordsdatorer. Kubuntu är ett funktionsrikt skrivbordsoperativsystem som innehåller mängder av program som passar ditt dagliga behov, med mer än 20000 andra titlar tillgängliga för att enkelt installeras. +Har du en ultraportabel dator? +Om du äger en ultraportabel dator, även kallad netbook, har Kubuntu en version optimerad specifikt för dessa smådatorer. Mer information om Netbook Remix kan hittas i avsnittet . + + + + +<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> Netbook Remix 10.04 +Innehåller KDE 4.4.2 med arbetsytan plasma netbook som är optimerad för använfning på ultraportabla datorer eller mindre portabla enheter. Kubuntu Netbook Remix är ett funktionsrikt skrivbordsoperativsystem som innehåller mängder av program som passar ditt dagliga behov, med mer än 20000 andra titlar tillgängliga för att enkelt installeras. + + + + +Installera <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Installation av antingen Kubuntu Desktop Edition eller Netbook Remix är exakt samma sak. Båda använder det grafiska installationsprogrammet som kallas för Ubiquity. + + + +Få support för <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +För att läsa mer om hur man får support för Kubuntu, se ämnet Kubuntu-support. + +Systemdokumentation för <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu levereras med systemdokumentation som täcker olika ämnen som tillhandahåller både introduktion till ämnet såväl som konfiguration och felsökning. +För att läsa Kubuntus användarhandledning, vänligen se Kubuntus användarhandlednings innehållsförteckning +Med Kubuntu levereras även KDE-dokumentationen som innehåller handböcker för många av de installerade programmen. För att visa en lista över KDE-dokumentationen, öppna Hjälp (även känd som KHelpCenter) genom att gå till Kickoff ProgramstartProgramHjälp. + + +Skicka in och granska felrapporter +För att lära dig mer om att rapportera buggar för Kubuntu, vänligen se vidare under ämnet Kubuntu-buggar. + + + + +Bidra till <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +För att lära dig mer om att bidra till Kubuntu-projektet, vänligen se vidare under ämnet Bidra till Kubuntu. + + + +Kontakta <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase>-projektet +Om du är intresserad av att kontakta Kubuntu-gruppen, ta en titt på Kontakta Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/uk/welcome.xml kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/uk/welcome.xml --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/docs/welcome/uk/welcome.xml 1970-01-01 01:00:00.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/docs/welcome/uk/welcome.xml 2010-10-14 12:05:10.000000000 +0100 @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + + +Ubuntu"> + +GNOME"> +Kubuntu"> +KDE"> +K Desktop Environment"> + + + + + + + + + + + + + +GNU General Public License'> + +Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5'> + +GNU Free Documentation License'> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Kickoff Application Launcher"> +Applications"> +Favorites"> +Computer"> +Recently Used"> +Leave"> +Development"> +Education"> +Games"> +Graphics"> +Internet"> +Multimedia"> +Office"> +Settings"> +System"> +Utilities"> +&malcmp;System Settings"> +&malapp;Help"> +&maldev;Eclipse"> +&maldev;Gambas"> +&maldev;KDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDevelop"> +&maldev;MonoDoc"> +&maldev;Qt4 Designer"> +&maldev;Devhelp"> +&malgrp;Photo Management"> +&malgrp;Gimp"> +&malgrp;Image Viewer"> +&malgrp;Inkscape"> +&malgrp;Scan & OCR Program"> +&malgrp;PDF Viewer"> +&malgrp;Painting and Image Editing"> +&malgrp;Screen Capture Program"> +&malgrp;Scribus"> +&malgrp;Drawing"> +&malgrp;Blender"> +&malnet;Bluetooth Chat"> +&malnet;Bluetooth OBEX Client"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;Kubuntu Firefox Installer"> +&malnet;Mail Client"> +&malnet;Network Manager"> +&malnet;Web Browser"> +&malnet;IRC Client"> +&malnet;Instant Messager"> +&malnet;Internet Dial-Up Tool"> +&malnet;Remote Desktop Connection"> +&malnet;Desktop Sharing"> +&malnet;BitTorrent Client"> +&malnet;Akregator - RSS Feed Reader"> +&malnet;IRC Client (Quassel IRC)"> +&malmmd;CD & DVD Burning (K3b)"> +&malmmd;Music Player (Amarok)"> +&malmmd;Video Player (Dragon)"> +&malmmd;Kino"> +&malmmd;Audacity"> +&maloff;Personal Information Manager (Kontact)"> +&maloff;Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)"> +&maloff;Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)"> +&maloff;Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)"> +&maloff;KMyMoney2"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Adept)"> +&malsys;Computer Janitor"> +&malsys;File Manager (Dolphin)"> +&malsys;Software Management (KPackageKit)"> +&malsys;Terminal (Konsole)"> +&malsys;Partition Editor (KDE Partition Manager)"> +&malsys;Partition Manager (QtParted)"> +&malsys;Package Manager (Add/Remove)"> +&malsys;Hardware Deivers"> +&malsys;User Manager (KUser)"> +&malsys;Hardware Drivers"> +&malsys;Startup Disk Creator"> +&malutl;SuperKaramba"> +&malutl;Advanced Text Editor (Kate)"> +&malutl;Keep"> +&mallve;Logout (End Session)"> +&mallve;Lock (Lock the screen)"> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications + +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Development +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Internet +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Office +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Settings +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - System +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Computer +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Favorites +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Leave +'> +Kickoff Application Launcher - Recently Used +'> +CtrlAltF1"> +CtrlAltF2"> +CtrlAltF3"> +CtrlAltF4"> +CtrlAltF5"> +CtrlAltF6"> +CtrlAltF7"> +CtrlAltBackspace"> + +]> +
+ +Вітаємо у <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +&legalnotice; + +У цьому документі подано короткий огляд Kubuntu, з яким варто ознайомитися до встановлення або одразу після встановлення операційної системи. + + + + +Вітаємо вас у новій системі +Ласкаво просимо до Kubuntu 10.04: випуску Lucid Lynx. Kubuntu — це дружня до користувачів операційна система Linux, де стільничним середовищем є Плазма KDE. Якщо частина проекту Ubuntu, ця операційна система має заздалегідь визначений термін підтримки — 6 місяців. Kubuntu — є універсальним дистрибутивом Linux. Вся команда Kubuntu вдячна вам за те, що ви обрали саме Kubuntu. +Щоб дізнатися більше про саму Kubuntu, будь ласка, зверніться до розділу Про Kubuntu. +Щоб дізнатися більше про стільницю Kubuntu, будь ласка, зверніться до розділу Стільниця Kubuntu. + + + +Випуски <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +У поточній версії Kubuntu передбачено два типи випусків, які можна звантажити для встановлення на комп’ютері. Докладніше про ці типи можна дізнатися за посиланням, наведеним нижче: + + + + + + +&kubuntu; &distro-rev; +Використано стільницю KDE 4.4.2, у якій можна працювати на портативних та стаціонарних комп’ютерах. Kubuntu є операційною системою, у якій передбачено всі можливості для роботи, безліч програм для задоволення ваших щоденних потреб: ви можете встановити будь-які з понад 20.000 пакунків з програмами. +У вас є нетбук? +Якщо ви є власником чи власницею нетбука, ви можете встановити на нього особливу версію Kubuntu, призначену саме для невеличких комп’ютерів. Докладніші відомості щодо версії для нетбуків можна знайти у розділі . + + + + +Версія <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> для нетбуків 10.04 +Передбачено встановлення KDE 4.4.2 з робочим простором Плазма для нетбуків, оптимізованим для використання на невеликих портативних пристроях. Варіант Kubuntu для нетбуків (Netbook Remix) є операційною системою, у якій передбачено всі можливості для роботи, безліч програм для задоволення ваших щоденних потреб: ви можете встановити будь-які з понад 20.000 пакунків з програмами. + + + + +Встановлення <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Встановлення стільничного варіанта Kubuntu і варіанта для нетбуків загалом виконується однаково. У обох системах використано графічну систему встановлення, яка називається Ubiquity. + + + +Підтримка і супровід <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Щоб дізнатися більше про те, як отримати довідку і послуги з супроводу Kubuntu, будь ласка, зверніться до розділу Підтримка Kubuntu. + +Документація з системи <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Kubuntu постачається з документацією щодо системи, у якій висвітлено різноманітні питання, від вступних зауважень до налаштування і усування вад у системі. +Щоб переглянути документацію з системи Kubuntu, будь ласка, відкрийте сторінку Покажчика документації з Kubuntu. +Крім того, разом з Kubuntu постачається документація KDE, серед якої підручники з усіх встановлених програм стільниці. Щоб переглянути документацію з KDE, відкрийте програму Довідка (у KDE ця програма називається KHelpCenter або «Центр довідки») за допомогою пункту засобу запуску програм KickoffПрограмиДовідка. + + +Створення і рецензування звітів щодо вад +Щоб дізнатися про те, як створювати звіти про вади у Kubuntu, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом Вади Kubuntu. + + + + +Участь у розробці <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Щоб дізнатися більше про те, як взяти участь у проекті Kubuntu, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом Участь у проекті Kubuntu. + + + +Встановлення зв’язку з учасниками проекту <phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> +Якщо ви хочете щось повідомити команді з розробки Kubuntu, будь ласка, ознайомтеся з розділом Як зв’язатися з Kubuntu. + + +
+ diff -Nru kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/Makefile kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/Makefile --- kubuntu-docs-10.04.3/Makefile 2010-03-29 20:10:36.000000000 +0100 +++ kubuntu-docs-10.04.3.1/Makefile 2010-10-14 12:09:38.000000000 +0100 @@ -51,8 +51,9 @@ all: common style desktopfiles for doc in `ls docs/`; do \ - xsltproc -o $(KBASE)/docs/$$doc/$(LN)/index.html $(CHUNKXSL) \ - docs/$$doc/$(LN)/$$doc.xml; done + for lang in `ls docs/$$doc`; do \ + xsltproc -o $(KBASE)/docs/$$doc/$$lang/index.html $(CHUNKXSL) \ + docs/$$doc/$$lang/$$doc.xml; done; done # Common - ccbysa and contributors common: clean